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Academic literature on the topic 'Horticultural techniques'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Horticultural techniques"

Kwack, Hye Ran, and Paula Diane Relf. "Current Status of Human Issues in Horticulture in Korea." HortTechnology 12, no. 3 (January 2002): 415–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.12.3.415.

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As the level of urbanization has increased, many people in Korea have begun to recognize the beneficial effects of plants in our immediate surroundings and involvement in horticultural activities. Today, an increasing number of Koreans attempt to improve the quality of life and enhance educational effectiveness through horticultural activities. Kindergarten, elementary, middle, and high schools have initiated garden-based programs. Some universities include courses focusing on horticulture applications to human well-being in their regular graduate programs or in their social education curricula. A few general hospitals, psychiatric hospitals, and rehabilitation centers have begun applying horticulture as a means of treatment. Most of the research articles in Korea on various aspects of human issues in horticulture have been published since the foundation of two academic societies, the Korean Horticultural Therapy Association and the Korean Society for Plants, People, and Environment. These articles are primarily focused on the areas of school gardening, healing gardens, and psychological or physiological effects of horticultural activities. For the future development of human issues in horticulture in Korea, several areas need to be enhanced including: interdisciplinary studies of horticulture and social education; development of different skills, techniques,and scales to validate the effects of horticultural therapy, healing gardens, and gardening as a teaching tool in public education; and an organization empowered to certify horticultural therapists.

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Johnson, Clarence. "Teaching Horticultural Marketing to Undergraduate Students." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 902A—902. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.902a.

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Most horticultural students at Fort Valley State College (1890 land grant college) have little or no background in aspects of horticultural marketing. We offer a course in Marketing Technology to address this lack of background in horticultural marketing. In this course, students learn how to obtain a business license and a tax number. The significance of financial planning is stressed through practice. Students learn the strategies involved in merchandising and pricing, the proper display techniques, and the importance of advertising. Field-trips to local horticultural businesses allow for students to interact with professionals in horticulture. Students are required to do reports on each field-trip taken in the course.

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Ningtyas, Adriana Sharadhea, and Bambang Santosa. "MINAT PEMUDA PADA PERTANIAN HORTIKULTURA DI DESA KELOR KECAMATAN KARANGMOJO KABUPATEN GUNUNGKIDUL." Journal of Development and Social Change 2, no. 1 (May 15, 2020): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jodasc.v2i1.41657.

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<p>Youth is a valuable asset to the country. The success of the nation's development depends on the level of its youth participation. Phenomena declining the interest of youth in agriculture is a special concern for society and government. Amid in the youth interest in the agricultural sector work, there is a group of farmers who have an interest in agriculture, especially horticultural. The purpose of this research is to see the process of increasing youth interest in horticultural farming, a factor that affects youth interest and the process of forming rational youth choices related to increased interest in horticultural farming. Qualitative research with a descriptive exploratory approach was conducted in the village Kelor Karangmojo District in Gunungkidul Regency. Sampling techniques using purposive sampling techniques. As for the research, informant consists of the youths who belong in a group of horticultural farmer Youth, non-village youth groups and village devices. Data is collected by observing, post conducting interviews and documentation. To test the data validity using source triangulation. Data analysis techniques use interactive models of Miles and Huberman with the rational choice theory of James S. Coleman.</p><p>The results showed the process of increasing youth interest through: increased youth involvement in horticultural farms that are differentiated into direct involvement and supporting involvement about concerning frequency, long farmed and The youth-owned land area; Increased members of Horticulture Farmer Youth Group; Raising horticultural farmland; and increased youth innovations in horticultural farming. In the factors that affect the interest of the driving factor is the inner urge, social motivation, and emotional factor also the traction factor in the form of economic factors and market availability. The rational choice of youth against horticultural farming occurs because of the objectives that youths want to achieve by doing horticultural farming activities. Youth access to natural resources as well as capital is a tool for youth to get their goals. In maximizing the efforts of youth conduct collective behavior that is by forming a group of agriculture that has access to human resources and capital resources that can overcome the limitations of youth actors of individuals in activities Horticultural farming.</p>

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Lineberger, R. Daniel, Paul Sittler, Ernie Frank, and Sam Cotner. "DELIVERING HORTICULTURAL INFORMATION VIA THE INTERNET ON A MOSAIC-BASED INFORMATION SERVER." HortScience 30, no. 3 (June 1995): 444d—444. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.3.444d.

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Aggie Horticulture (http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu) is the information server of the Texas horticulture program. Contents include information of interest to Texas A&M students and faculty, faculty members at other universities, extension programs at the state and county level, members of the horticultural industries, and the consuming public. Aggie Horticulture is a registered server on the World Wide Web that can be accessed by any networked computer on the Internet that is running “browser” software such as Mosaic or Netscape. Modem access is gained using Internet connections provided through PPP or SLIP connections. Web browsers will change dramatically the way extension provides information to horticultural industries and the consuming public. Techniques for organizing a server and the challenges associated with maintaining a server for world access are discussed.

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Reddy, C. Raghava, and E. Haribabu. "Biotechnology and the Industrialization of Horticulture in India." Outlook on Agriculture 31, no. 3 (September 2002): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000002101294038.

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This paper delineates changes in the organization of the production of horticultural plants as a result of the introduction of plant tissue culture techniques in India. Conventionally, horticultural plantlets have been produced in farmer-managed nurseries by using traditional plant breeding techniques such as grafting, budding, layering, seed propagation, etc. Over several centuries, the production process was organized as a craft, based on empirical experience. During the last decade, many multinational corporations and large Indian industrial companies have made substantial investments in horticulture by deploying tissue culture. In a comparative study of nurseries using conventional plant breeding techniques and plant tissue culture, it was observed that production processes had undergone several changes as a result of the introduction of tissue culture. In traditional nurseries the production process was organized according to the simple division of labour. In contrast, plant tissue culture technology was introduced within a complex organizational structure with a formal hierarchy similar to that of the manufacturing industry. Plant tissue culture has ushered in the industrialization of horticulture.

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Pritts, Marvin P. "Hands-on Horticulture: A Course for Building Enrollments in Plant Science Courses." HortTechnology 27, no. 5 (October 2017): 704–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech03820-17.

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A course was developed at Cornell University for the purpose of attracting nonmajors from across the university, instilling in them an appreciation for horticulture and then encouraging them to take additional horticulture and plant science courses. The course incorporates many engaging and interesting horticultural activities, with scientific concepts and horticultural techniques conveyed almost exclusively through hands-on instruction using the campus as a laboratory. Experiential learning and culinary experiences are key components of the course. Student evaluations are very high (5-year average of 4.94/5.00 with five representing “excellent”), and the class fills to capacity each spring semester with diverse students from across campus. Enrollment in other horticulture classes has increased since the course has been offered. Forty-three percent of students who took Hands-On Horticulture as a freshman, sophomore, or junior subsequently enrolled in at least one other plant science course. Participating horticulture faculty also find the class to be fertile ground for recruiting research and field assistants. Students report an increase in well-being and reduction in stress while taking the course, and write about how their worldview has changed after the course experience. This class has allowed students to discover or rediscover their role and connection to nature while simultaneously providing them horticultural skills and understanding of scientific principles.

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Kolaczewski, M. "IPM techniques for unique horticultural situations©." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1174 (October 2017): 285–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2017.1174.57.

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King, G. J. "Strategy and techniques for mapping horticultural genomes." Phytoparasitica 20, S1 (March 1992): S93—S97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02980416.

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Shippen, James, Paul Alexander, and Barbara May. "A Novel Biomechanical Analysis of Horticultural Digging." HortTechnology 27, no. 6 (December 2017): 746–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech03800-17.

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Musculoskeletal injuries are commonly reported in workers employed in labor-intensive agricultural-type tasks. A novel method of determining joint angles, joint torques, and contact forces, using three-dimensional motion capture and musculoskeletal modeling, was applied to the movements of a sample of workers, engaged in the horticultural task of digging, to determine if objective biomechanical data could be correlated with a subjective visual assessment to predict risk of injury. The joint angle time histories of horticulturists were calculated from the motion capture data, and this was used to articulate a musculoskeletal model of the subjects. The joint torques were calculated using inverse dynamics methods from which the individual muscle loads were established using a cost function minimization approach. Finally, the joint contact forces were calculated including the muscle forces. The motion capture data of digging trials were observed by a team of horticulturists and physiotherapists who categorized each of the observed trials according to form, efficiency, and risk of injury. Trials demonstrating techniques which were more likely to yield injuries were identified as “examples of bad technique”; those judged to be less likely to yield injuries were categorized as “examples of good technique.” It was found that the joint torques and contact forces and their variability were lower in the trial which was identified as good technique, and consistently higher in the examples of bad technique. The results of the study suggest that measurement of joint angles, joint torques, joint contact forces, and forces in the muscles could serve as a valuable tool to develop training programs for horticultural workers engaged in certain high intensity tasks, such as digging, to effectively improve efficiency and reduce incidence of injury. It may also be possible to modify horticulture-related equipment to minimize the internal loads within the body to reduce the risk to health and, therefore, extend active participation in horticulture.

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Asare, Yaw. "APPLICATION OF BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR ADDRESSING FOOD SECURITY IN GHANA." International Journal of Advanced Economics 1, no. 1 (June 22, 2020): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/ijae.v1i1.50.

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The contribution of the Horticultural farming for Ghana economy is that it produces horticultural products which generate income for poor farmers and foreign reserves for the country by means of exporting products. With appropriate policies and technologies like biotechnology, horticulture increases the incomes of smallholder farmers, enhancing rural development. Conventional plant breeding techniques have made considerable progress in the development of improved varieties of horticultural products, there is still room for major improvement which can be achieved using the biotechnology. There is the need to integrate biotechnology to speed up crop improvement programs. Biotechnological tools have revolutionized the entire crop improvement programs by providing new strains of plants, supply of planting material, more efficient and selective pesticides and improved fertilizers. This study assesses the relationship between horticultural farming, biotechnology and food security. The impact of biotechnology on the welfare of smallholder farmers is also assessed. The paper concludes that the role of biotechnology in food security in Ghana cannot be overemphasized but still has a long way to go. Agricultural production and productivity problems in developing countries like Ghana go beyond technological solutions alone; already existing challenges of smallholder farmers should be addressed first. Biotechnology could however contribute to sustainable development by increasing agricultural productivity using new breeding techniques. It can also increase the revenues in agricultural production.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Horticultural techniques"

Kubota, Chieri, Chao Meng, Young-Jun Son, Myles Lewis, Hans Spalholz, and Russell Tronstad. "Horticultural, systems-engineering and economic evaluations of short-term plant storage techniques as a labor management tool for vegetable grafting nurseries." PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623048.

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This transdisciplinary study has a three-fold systems approach in evaluating a horticultural technology: 1) horticultural evaluations, 2) economic and resource analyses, and 3) systems engineering analyses, using low temperature storage as an example technology. Vegetable grafting is a technique to produce value-added seedlings but requires labor intensive nursery operations. Low temperature storage of seedlings for a short period of time can reduce peak production, but has not been evaluated at the extent demonstrated in this paper. Seedlings of 22 genotypes of Cucurbitaceae (cucurbit family) and Solanaceae (nightshade family) were evaluated for storability under selected temperatures and photosynthetic photon flux. Storability of Cucurbitaceous seedlings varied between 2 to 4 weeks at 12 degrees C and 13 mu mol m(-2) s(-1). Solanaceous seedlings were generally storable for 4 weeks at 12 degrees C and 13 mu mol m(-2) s(-1), but tomato seedlings could be stored for 4 weeks at 10 degrees C and 5 mu mol m(-2) s(-1). Capital and weekly operational costs of a low temperature storage system with a design that meets environmental requirements were estimated as $671 to $708 per m(2) footprint and $0.79 to $2.21 per m(2) footprint per week, respectively. Electricity costs per plant was less than 0.1 cents for 2 to 4 weeks of storage. Using a schedule-optimization heuristic and a logistics simulator previously developed for grafting nursery operations, six production scenarios consisting of two crops (tomato or watermelon) and three production peak patterns were examined to evaluate the impact of including low temperature storage. While the overall average costs of grafting labor were not significantly different, maximum labor demand and grafting labor cost during the peak production week were reduced by 31% to 50% and 14% to 30% by using storage, respectively. Therefore, low temperature storage can be an effective means to address the issue of labor management in grafting nurseries.

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Graves, Leila Anne. "Plant Growth Regulator Sprays and Girdling: Potential Horticultural Techniques to Increase Fruit Retention and Yield of Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) Trees in California." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2009. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/140.

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Abstract Plant Growth Regulator Sprays and Girdling: Potential Horticultural Techniques to Increase Fruit Retention and Yield of Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) Trees in California Leila Graves June 2009 The longan is a subtropical fruit tree whose popularity is growing quickly among American consumers, and thus, could become a lucrative niche market for California growers. Trees planted as part of an initial variety trial conducted in commercial California orchards are beginning to bear fruit. However, fruit retention and yields are low due to excessive abscission during early fruit set. Horticultural techniques, such as plant growth regulator (PGR) sprays and girdling, often increase fruit retention and yield of fruit tree crops, though effects are typically dependent on treatment timing and PGR concentration. The objective of this study was to identify PGR and girdling techniques that result in increased longan fruit retention. The experiment was conducted in a commercial orchard using a randomized complete block design with whole-tree experimental units and five replications per treatment. Treatments included foliar applications of two synthetic auxins, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at 20, 60, or 100 ppm or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) at 5, 25, or 45 ppm, each applied during early or late fruit set. Girdling was also conducted at early or late fruit set, for a total of 15 treatments, including an untreated control. Factors examined at harvest included fruit number and mass per inflorescence and individual fruit mass and diameter. During the on-crop year, a significant increase in the number and mass of fruit per inflorescence was observed in response to 25 ppm 2,4-D applied at late fruit set, as compared to the control. Despite this increase in fruit number, 25 ppm 2,4-D applied at late fruit set did not result in decreased diameter and mass of individual fruit. Late fruit set applications of 25 ppm 2,4-D appear to mitigate the effects of alternate bearing in the off-crop year. Fruit abscission during early and/or late fruit set decreased in response to 5 ppm 2,4-D at early fruit set, 25 or 45 ppm 2,4-D at early or late fruit set, or 100 ppm NAA at early fruit set. Fruit loss occurred as a result of Santa Ana winds during both growing seasons. Neither leaf nor fruit nutrient concentrations of treated trees were significantly different from that of untreated controls. Results indicate that properly-timed PGR applications have the potential to be used commercially to increase yield and profit to longan growers in California.

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Asif, Mohammad. "Comparative study of production, infectivity, and effectiveness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi produced by soil-based and soil-less techniques /." [Campbelltown, N.S.W. : The Author], 1997. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030716.094919/index.html.

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Letouzey, Émilie. "Petits arrangements avec le vivant : relations contrariées aux plantes horticoles dans la région d’Ōsaka." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU20029.

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Cette thèse porte sur l’horticulture, sur les relations aux plantes et sur les représentations du vivant et de la vie au Japon. Elle rend compte d’une ethnographie conduite auprès de deux groupes de cultivateurs du bassin urbain d’Ōsaka (2013-2017) : des bénévoles dans une association cultivant une espèce de glycine (Wisteria floribunda) dans l’arrondissement de Fukushima à Ōsaka, et des producteurs professionnels cultivant des Prunus (pruniers, pêchers, cerisiers) dans le secteur de Higashino à Itami. Afin de « faire fleurir » (sakaseru) ces plantes emblématiques de leurs quartiers respectifs, ces cultivateurs pratiquent une horticulture traditionnelle caractérisée par un intense façonnage de chaque plante et par une savante mise en scène des floraisons. Cependant, l’irruption de phénomènes contrariants tels que la non-floraison ou la maladie (en l’occurrence, une maladie à virus des Prunus) remet en question un contrôle des plantes par la technique que l’on tenait pour acquis. Les cultivateurs sont amenés à modifier leurs pratiques, ainsi que leurs manières d’apprécier les plantes. Ces actions, ces mesures et les inférences qui s’y expriment sont autant d’occasions de s’interroger sur le fonctionnement et le statut des plantes. L’objectif de cette thèse est double. D’une part, produire une ethnographie de l’horticulture japonaise, notamment par la description des modes de sociabilité et des actions techniques observés sur le terrain. D’autre part, dans le cadre d’une « anthropologie de la vie » attachée aux manipulations concrètes d’êtres vivants à la fois organismes et artefacts, tenter de saisir les conceptions de la vie et du vivant, dans des contextes de célébration par la fête comme lors d’un plan phytosanitaire
This Phd thesis is about horticulture, relations to plants, human relations around plants, and conceptions of life and living things in Japan. It presents an ethnographic fieldwork conducted among two groups of cultivators in the Ōsaka metropolitan area (2013-2017): volunteers cultivating a wisteria (Wisteria floribunda) in the Fukushima district of Ōsaka, and professional producers growing plum, peach and cherry in the Higashino neighborhood in Itami. In order to monitor these emblematic plants to “bloom” (sakaseru), the cultivators practice traditional horticultural characterized by a fastidious shaping of each plant, and they skillfully display the flowers. However, upsetting events such as lack of bloom or the outbreak of a plant disease (specifically a plum virus) put into question a technical control of plants that was taken for granted. Cultivators are led to modify their practices, and also the way they of appreciate the plants. These actions and assessments lead to inferences, allowing to question the status of plants, and how they work. There are two main purposes in this research. On the one hand, an ethnography of Japanese horticulture, focusing on a description of local social life and the technical actions observed during fieldwork. On the other hand, drawing on an "anthropology of life" engaged with the concrete manipulations of living beings that are both organisms and artefacts, the aim is to grasp the conceptions of life and living things, may that be a flower festival or part of a phytosanitary plan

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Ferraro, Nathaniel Klug. "Economic Analysis of Recapturing and Recycling Irrigation Techniques on Horticulture Nurseries." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76656.

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The horticulture industry is facing limited water resources and public pressure to reduce non-point source pollution. In some circumstances, recapturing and recycling of irrigation water in horticultural nurseries can generate significant savings relative to the costs of alternative water sources and potentially reduce non-point source pollution. However, obtaining these savings may also incur substantial risk and capital cost outlays. Disease risk may increase in nurseries that implement recapturing and recycling if recycled water is not properly treated. These added costs must be compared with costs of alternative sources of water, such as municipal or well water. This study employed partial budgeting to compare irrigation water being extended or supplemented through recapturing and recycling against the most feasible alternative. On-site visits were conducted to obtain information for partial budgets and to clarify the reasoning of nurseries choosing to recycle irrigation water. The partial budgets were supplemented with sensitivity analysis with regard to the extraction cost of water and opportunity cost of land used for recapture of water. Six of eight nurseries obtained water from recapturing and recycling at a lower cost compared to a feasible alternative source. The regrading of land for maximum recapture, opportunity cost of land dedicated to a recapture pond, and the cost of municipal water were parameters that were critical to the irrigation choice. Sensitivity analysis indicated that water price and land cost had little effect on the least cost option. Irrigation recycling could be incentivized to motivate further water conservation within the horticulture industry.
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Laubscher, Charles Petrus. "Rooting techniques for selected tree species." Thesis, Cape Technikon, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/846.

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Thesis (MTech (Horticulture))--Cape Technikon, Cape Town, 1999
Vegetative propagation techniques for rooting of cuttings of indigenous tree species, i.e. Olea europaea subsp. African, Podocarpus falcatus, Syzigium cordatum and introduced species, i.e. Acacia mearnsii, A. melanoxylon, Eucalyptus grandis and Melia azedarach were studied and improved at the Cape Technikon nursery from May 1994 to June 1998. These tree species are considered problematic since the indigenous species produce unwanted fruits in urban areas which attract frugivores, while the introduced species are a threat to indigenous vegetation and natural habitats, though they are of great commercial value. The progress in mutation breeding of sexual sterility in most of the problematic species created a need to propagate them vegetatively. Without cloning of seedless species, their beauty and economic value to South Africa will be lost, as the indigenous species will be neglected, while invasive species will continue to threaten the natural habitat of indigenous species. Experiments were conducted to test age, type and length of cuttings, environmental factors, growth season, hormone application, various treatments and rooting media for each of these species. This study showed that relatively few publications relevant to the vegetative propagation of indigenous tree species are available. However, some introduced species, e.g. Eucalyptus grandis, are propagated successfully for commercial forestry purposes. Ficus sur and Syzicium cordatum showed the highest rooting success, i.e. 85-90%, followed by Olea europaea subsp. africana (75-80%), and Podocarpus falcatus (60%). The introduced species showed no rooting success, however, callusing in Eucalyptus grandis (35-61%), and Melia azedarach (50%), and survival rates in Acacia mearnsii (10%) and A. melanoxylon (20%) were achieved. Treatments, i.e. etiolation, placing plants under stress, sealing basal stems of cuttings, and fungicide treatments all showed positive results in promoting callusing success. The study showed that rooting success in individual species are directly related to the growth stage of parent plants as well as the season during which the cuttings were taken. With progress towards successful vegetative propagation of sterile problem plant species, propagators and horticulturists can in future apply these improved techniques. These plants will then continue to supply timber, fire wood and improve aesthetics in the South African urban environment.

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Robe, Christian. "Segmentation d'images par analyse de connexité : application au contrôle qualité en production horticole." Lille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL10088.

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Le travail présenté dans cette thèse a été motivé par un problème de contrôle qualité dans l'agriculture. Si la technique de la vision artificielle commence a être relativement bien maîtrisée pour le contrôle d'aspect en production industrielle, on peut remarquer que peu de réalisations sont actuellement opérationnelles en production agricole. Sur le plan technique, la grande diversité des produits végétaux entre espèces et variétés constitue un facteur peu favorable à l'automatisation des tâches d'inspection. Cependant, dans le secteur de l'horticulture, l'extrême rationalisation du processus de production des plants, leur dispositions en lignes et rangées espacées a permis de proposer une approche nouvelle en contrôle de la qualité. C'est dans le cadre de cette automatisation que se situent les travaux présentés dans ce mémoire
Les principales difficultés pour extraire des images l'information utile ont été rencontrées au niveau de la segmentation des images, ce qui explique que les principaux apports méthodologiques de ce travail se situent au niveau des premiers traitements réalisés sur l'image. Nous proposons une technique de transformation non linéaire de l'histogramme des niveaux de gris qui permet d'optimiser la recherche automatique d'un seuil et ainsi fiabiliser les procédures classiques de segmentation par seuillage d'histogramme. D'autre part, les propriétés de luminance des points ne permettant pas toujours, à elles seules, de trouver un seuil approprié, nous proposons une nouvelle approche de la segmentation pour laquelle les propriétés de connexité et de luminance des points sont prises en compte conjointement pour segmenter de manière automatique l'image en autant de régions que nécessaire. Ce travail de recherche a finalement abouti par la réalisation d'une machine prototype qui intègre un système de vision artificielle pour l'examen du degré de croissance et de conformité des produits avant leur expédition chez les clients

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Bona, Claudine M. "Symmetric and asymmetric hybridization in citrus spp." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1326.

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Simeonidis, Andrew. "Development of a mass rearing technique for the Tasmanian brown lacewing, Micromus tasmaniae Walker." Lincoln University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1302.

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Aphids are one of the most important insect pests of greenhouse crops yet to be controlled by biological means. Broad spectrum chemical control is becoming increasingly difficult to use in integrated pest management programmes, therefore, there is a need for a suitable biocontrol agent to be mass reared and released. The Tasmanian brown lacewing, Micromus tasmaniae Walker is an aphid predator that is found commonly throughout Australasia and has suitable characteristics that make it a candidate for mass rearing. A technique for rearing M. tasmaniae was developed. Eggs of M. tasmaniae were reared in batches of 50, 100 and 200 in 20 litre clear plastic containers. The oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi L. was fed to the larvae. The results revealed that the highest initial egg density (200 eggs per container) produced the cheapest adults at 22 cents per adult. However, mass rearing adults was considered not practical because of the high production cost, although, mass production of eggs is considered to be economically viable. The cost of producing one egg was 0.015 cents. M tasmaniae was maintained in mass culture for six generations. Simple experiments were carried out to monitor the quality of laboratory-reared insects. The 'wild' insect was used as a quality standard and comparisons with laboratory-reared insect populations were made. The fecundity, development rates and tolerance to pirimicarb, a carbamate insecticide, were determined. Fecundity was found to decline with successive generations in mass culture. The lacewing development experiment indicated that larval stages of each generation suffered the highest mortality rate and that between 35-45% of individuals emerged as adults. The tolerance of adults to pirimicarb did not alter over five generations. Recommendations for improving the mass rearing of M. tasmaniae are discussed.

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Froneman, Izak J. "Horticultural manipulation techniques to improve yield, fruit size and quality in 'Wai Chee' litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.)." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/7891.

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In South Africa, a shortage of litchi cultivars to expand the very short harvesting period has seriously threatened the viability of the local export orientated Litchi Industry. Only two cultivars have dominated commercial plantings for more than a century, namely ‘HLH Mauritius’ and ‘McLean’s Red’. The marketing period of litchis from South Africa coincides with large export volumes from competitor countries such as Madagascar, resulting in lower returns for local growers. To address this situation, the late season cultivar ‘Wai Chee’ was imported amongst others from Australia. ‘Wai Chee’ is harvested at a time in South Africa when there is a gap in worldwide litchi production, making the cultivar potentially very profitable. However, its potential and subsequent use in the industry is affected by small fruit size and questionable internal quality. As the South African Litchi Industry is export orientated and the qualities of ‘HLH Mauritius’ fruit currently dictate export requirements, solutions need to be found to improve fruit size and fruit quality in ‘Wai Chee’ litchi. In this study, a number of horticultural manipulation techniques were investigated with the aim of enhancing yield, fruit size and quality in ‘Wai Chee’ litchi. The use of chemical applications of foliar nutrients and plant growth regulators were found to improve certain fruit characteristics in ‘Wai Chee’. Foliar nutrient applications of nitrogen, potassium and calcium during the early stages of fruit set and -development improved fruit set and subsequently yield, and also increased fruit mass, fruit size and flesh mass. Treatments with potassium nitrate (KNOз), calcium nitrate (CaNOз) and calcium metalosate proved to be the most enhancing nutrient applications. Applications of synthetic auxins and auxin-like substances during the 2-3g stage of fruit development improved fruit size, fruit mass and flesh mass in ‘Wai Chee’. The combination treatment of Tipimon® (2,4,5-TP), applied at the 2-3g stage, followed by Maxim® (3,5,6-TPA) a week later, yielded the best results in this regard. With biological practices, pollination was found to have an influence on litchi tree- and fruit characteristics. Pollen source proved to have an influence on fruit set and fruit retention at harvest in ‘Wai Chee’. Initial fruit set was lower when using cross-pollination compared to the use of self-pollination in female flowers of ‘Wai Chee’, whereas final fruit retention was higher with the use of cross-pollinators when compared to retention of fruit with self-pollination. Although some beneficial effects with different pollen donors on fruit characteristics were observed, these effects were not significant, and would therefore necessitate further investigation. Pollen donor effect on quality parameters such as Titratable acid (TA)- and Total Soluble Solid (TSS) content of fruit was not significant. Cultivar differences regarding fruit characteristics and maturation rate were detected with the use of cultural practices such as bunch covering materials in ‘HLH Mauritius’ and ‘Wai Chee’. Beneficial effects on fruit size were obtained with thicker covering materials with nominal mass of 70 and 80 g/m² respectively on ‘HLH Mauritius’, while with ‘Wai Chee’, thinner covering materials (60 and 65 g/m²) showed enhancing effects. Maturation rate was significantly delayed only on ‘Wai Chee’ with the use of thicker covering materials (70 and 80 g/m²). Differences in colour were detected amongst different covering materials, but these should be verified with chromameter technology. Covering of fruit bunches for better fruit size and a later harvest date would, especially for ‘Wai Chee’ as a late season cultivar, be beneficial, since better prices are realised towards the end of the season.
Thesis (M.Sc.Agric.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2010.

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Books on the topic "Horticultural techniques"

Tissue culture techniques for horticultural crops. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1989.

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Torres, Kenneth C. Tissue Culture Techniques for Horticultural Crops. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9756-8.

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Studman, Clifford J. Agricultural and horticultural engineering: Principles, models, systems and techniques. Wellington: Butterworths, 1990.

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Protocols for micropropagation of selected economically-important horticultural plants. New York: Humana Press, 2013.

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Centre, Farm Electric. Heat pumps and heat recovery techniques in agriculture and horticulture. Kenilworth: Electricity Council, 1987.

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Gill, Stanton. Pests & diseases of herbaceous perennials: The biological approach. Batavia, Ill: Ball Pub., 1999.

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Horst, Pointner, ed. Ikebana: Spirit and technique. Poole: Blandford Press, 1987.

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Kabore, Daniel P. Horticulture au Burkina Faso : Rentabilité économique et efficience technique dans le bassin versant du Nakanbé: Série Document de travail DT-CAPES N° 2007-30. Ouagadougou: CAPES (Centre d'analyse des politiques économiques et sociales), 2007.

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Barbara, Segall, and Donaldson Stephanie, eds. Practical small gardening. New York: Lorenz Books, 1997.

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Woy, Joann. Accessible gardening: Tips & techniques for seniors & the disabled. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Horticultural techniques"

Ravichandra, N. G. "Nematological Techniques." In Horticultural Nematology, 293–368. New Delhi: Springer India, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1841-8_11.

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DeEll, Jennifer R., Olaf van Kooten, Robert K. Prange, and Dennis P. Murr. "Applications of Chlorophyll Fluorescence Techniques in Postharvest Physiology." In Horticultural Reviews, 69–107. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470650752.ch2.

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Merwin, Ian A., Sarah Valois, and Olga I. Padilla-Zakour. "Cider Apples and Cider-Making Techniques in Europe and North America." In Horticultural Reviews, 365–415. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470380147.ch6.

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Torres, Kenneth C. "Overview of Facilities and Techniques." In Tissue Culture Techniques for Horticultural Crops, 3–25. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9756-8_1.

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Torres, Kenneth C. "Application of Tissue Culture Techniques to Horticultural Crops." In Tissue Culture Techniques for Horticultural Crops, 66–69. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9756-8_4.

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Torres, Kenneth C. "Micropropagation of Camellia." In Tissue Culture Techniques for Horticultural Crops, 102–5. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9756-8_10.

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Torres, Kenneth C. "Propagation of Fern (Nephrolepis) Through Tissue Culture." In Tissue Culture Techniques for Horticultural Crops, 106–10. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9756-8_11.

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Torres, Kenneth C. "Establishment and Maintenance of Carrot Callus." In Tissue Culture Techniques for Horticultural Crops, 111–15. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9756-8_12.

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Torres, Kenneth C. "Callus Induction in Grasses." In Tissue Culture Techniques for Horticultural Crops, 116–21. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9756-8_13.

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Torres, Kenneth C. "Initiation of Adventitious Shoots of Begonia × hiemalis." In Tissue Culture Techniques for Horticultural Crops, 122–25. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9756-8_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Horticultural techniques"

Pujari, Jagadeesh D., Rajesh Yakkundimath, and Abdulmunaf S. Byadgi. "Identification and classification of fungal disease affected on agriculture/horticulture crops using image processing techniques." In 2014 IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Computing Research (ICCIC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccic.2014.7238283.

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Suryaminarsih, Penta, Wiwik Sri Harijani, Wanti Mindari, and Widi Wurjani. "Study of Humic Acid and Multiantagonis of Streptomyces Sp, Trichoderma Sp Application Techniques for Horticulture Plant on Marginal Soil." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Science and Technology (ICST 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icst-18.2018.52.

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