To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Hospital architecture – Designs and plans.
Journal articles on the topic 'Hospital architecture – Designs and plans'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Hospital architecture – Designs and plans.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Adams, Annmarie, and Mary Anne Poutanen. "Architecture, Religion, and Tuberculosis in Sainte-Agathe-des-Monts, Quebec1." Scientia Canadensis 32, no. 1 (July 7, 2009): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/037627ar.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This paper explores the architecture of the Mount Sinai Sanatorium in Sainte-Agathe-des-Monts (Qc) to disentangle the role of religion in the treatment of tuberculosis. In particular, we analyze the design of Mount Sinai, the jewel in the crown of Jewish philanthropy in Montreal, in relation to that of the nearby Laurentian Sanatorium. While Mount Sinai offered free treatment to the poor in a stunning, Art Deco building of 1930, the Protestant hospital had by then served paying patients for more than two decades in a purposefully home-like, Tudor-revival setting. Using architectural historian Bernard Herman's concept of embedded landscapes, we show how the two hospitals differed in terms of their relationship to site, access, and, most importantly, to city, knowledge, and community. Architects Scopes & Feustmann, who designed the Laurentian hospital, operated an office at Saranac Lake, New York, America's premier destination for consumptives. The qualifications of Mount Sinai architects Spence & Goodman, however, derived from their experience with Jewish institutions in Montreal. Following Herman's approach to architecture through movement and context, how did notions of medical therapy and Judaism intersect in the plans of Mount Sinai?
2
Chand, Anumitra Mirti, and Martin Loosemore. "Hospital disaster management’s understanding of built environment impacts on healthcare services during extreme weather events." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 23, no. 3 (May 16, 2016): 385–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-05-2015-0082.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the extent to which hospital disaster planners and managers understand the role of built infrastructure in delivering effective healthcare services during extreme weather events (EWEs). There is substantial evidence to indicate that many hospitals are vulnerable to EWEs. This is alarming given community reliance on hospitals during times of natural disaster and the predicted increase in the frequency and intensity of EWEs. Design/methodology/approach – In this paper, resilience and learning theories are combined to produce a new conceptual model which illustrates how hospital disaster managers learn about the relationship between health outcomes and built infrastructure during EWEs to build future hospital resilience. In this paper, the first part of the conceptual model, concerning the development of disaster management plans is explored and refined using a thematic content analysis of 14 Australian hospitals’ disaster plans and supplementary plans. Findings – The findings indicate high variability of understanding about the role of built facilities in health outcomes during an EWE. There appears to be a widespread and highly questionable assumption in the health disaster planning community that hospital built infrastructure is highly resilient to EWEs. This means that many hospitals will not be unaware of the risks that their buildings pose in the delivery of healthcare services to the community during an EWE and how to manage those risks effectively. Research limitations/implications – The theoretical framework presented in this paper provides new insights which will enable hospital infrastructure resilience to be better integrated into health service disaster risk planning and preparedness. The findings can help hospital disaster managers learn about and adapt their built environment to changing healthcare needs during EWEs. Originality/value – By integrating learning and resilience theories in a built environment context, this paper provides new insights, both theoretical and practical, into the important role of hospital infrastructure in planning for EWEs.
3
Singleton, Rebecca. "Architecture and intellectual property." Architectural Research Quarterly 15, no. 3 (September 2011): 294–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135511000893.
Full textAbstract:
For architects, intellectual property (IP) law is vital. Without it plans, building designs and models would have no value as others could copy them without payment. But what are an architect's rights and how are those rights retained in order to avoid commercial exploitation?The legislation for this area of law comes from the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (CDPA), the Registered Designs Act 1949, the Trade Marks Act 1994 and the Patents Act 1977. IP itself is divided into those rights that are registrable at the Intellectual Property Office (IPO) and those that are not. Rights that must be registered before the work is protected include trademarks, patents and registered designs; IP rights that cannot be registered include copyright and unregistered design rights.
4
Agirbas, Asli, and Emel Ardaman. "Macro-scale designs through topological deformations in the built environment." International Journal of Architectural Computing 15, no. 2 (June 2017): 134–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1478077117714915.
Full textAbstract:
Design studies are being done on contemporary master-plans which may be applied in many locations worldwide. Advances in information technology are becoming the base model of design studies, and these may be more effective than the efforts of humans in the field of architecture and urban design. However, urban morphology variables and constants must be considered while designing contemporary master-plans in the existing built environment. The aims of this study were to extend the use of computer software for different applications and to make a topological work in the regional context. Accordingly, a case study was made using the nCloth simulation tools to create non-Euclidean forms while protecting the road system, which is one of the constant parameters of urban morphology in the built environment.
5
Ghosh, Nabaparna. "MODERN DESIGNS: HISTORY AND MEMORY IN LE CORBUSIER’S CHANDIGARH." Journal of Architecture and Urbanism 40, no. 3 (September 25, 2016): 220–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2016.1210048.
Full textAbstract:
Located at the foothills of the Sivalik Mountains, Chandigarh was the dream city of independent India’s first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. In 1952, Nehru commissioned the Swiss-French architect Le Corbusier to design Chandigarh. Scholars often locate in Corbusier’s plans an urban modernity that required a break with the past. Moving away from such scholarship, this article will argue that Chandigarh marked a climactic moment in Le Corbusier’s career when he tried to weave together modern architecture with tradition, and through it, human beings with nature. A careful study of the cosmic iconography of Chandigarh clearly reveals that nature for Le Corbusier was more than a vast expanse of greenery: it was organized in symbolic ways, as a cosmic form emblematic of Hindu mythologies. I will argue that in addition to local conditions – economic and cultural – that impacted the actual execution of Le Corbusier’s plans, cosmic iconography shaped a modernism profoundly reliant on Hindu traditions. This iconography also inspired a new generation of Indian architects like Balkrishna Vithaldas Doshi (1927 – present). Doshi played a key role in authoring the postcolonial architectural discourse in India. Following Le Corbusier, he advocated an architectural modernism anchored in sacred Hindu traditions.
6
WU, MENG-CHIOU, and RUNG-BIN LIN. "FINDING DICING PLANS FOR MULTIPLE PROJECT WAFERS FABRICATED WITH SHUTTLE MASK." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 17, no. 01 (February 2008): 15–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126608004186.
Full textAbstract:
Multiple project wafers (MPWs) containing different chip designs from many customers serves as an important vehicle for gaining access to advanced semiconductor process technology for prototyping innovative designs or low-volume production. In this paper, a comprehensive study on the methods for determining dicing plans for MPW was carried out. Dicing plans can be used to determine the number of MPWs needed to be fabricated before chip fabrication and employed to saw the wafers after fabrication. Several methods based on integer linear programming formulation and a heuristic based on simulated annealing was proposed. Through conducting experiments with industrial test cases, these proposed methods can achieve up to 50% wafer reduction in some cases and on average 18% and 38% reduction for low- and high-volume production, respectively. This study makes a contribution to MPW dicing and is also instrumental in developing better reticle floorplanning methods.
7
Peng, Kuan-Li, and Chin-Yu Huang. "Reliability Evaluation of Service-Oriented Architecture Systems Considering Fault-Tolerance Designs." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/160608.
Full textAbstract:
Service-oriented architecture (SOA) provides an elastic and automatic way to discover, publish, and compose individual services. SOA enables faster integration of existing software components from different parties, makes fault tolerance (FT) feasible, and is also one of the fundamentals of cloud computing. However, the unpredictable nature of SOA systems introduces new challenges for reliability evaluation, while reliability and dependability have become the basic requirements of enterprise systems. This paper proposes an SOA system reliability model which incorporates three common fault-tolerance strategies. Sensitivity analysis of SOA at both coarse and fine grain levels is also studied, which can be used to efficiently identify the critical parts within the system. Two SOA system scenarios based on real industrial practices are studied. Experimental results show that the proposed SOA model can be used to accurately depict the behavior of SOA systems. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis that quantizes the effects of system structure as well as fault tolerance on the overall reliability is also studied. On the whole, the proposed reliability modeling and analysis framework may help the SOA system service provider to evaluate the overall system reliability effectively and also make smarter improvement plans by focusing resources on enhancing reliability-sensitive parts within the system.
8
Friesen, Hans. "Architektur und Ethik." Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 66, no. 6 (January 21, 2019): 805–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/dzph-2018-0058.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The architect who plans and designs our living environment in town and country can neither think exclusively technologically nor act completely independently. Rather, his designs and actions are always in moral relation to the environment, i. e. to nature and landscape as well as to the city/town or the people who live daily with and within the built space and thus have a kind of effective group affiliation. But to what extent does architecture – in the sense of Hegel’s phrase the “sensuous in the meaningful” – already possess ethical implications?
9
Hitter, Timea, Maria Cantor, and Erzsebet Buta. "Specific horticulture therapy guidelines in the landscaping of Cluj-Napoca hospital facilities – improving mental and behavioural healthcare." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Agriculture and Environment 9, no. 1 (December 1, 2017): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ausae-2017-0005.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In the beginning, nature was an irreplaceable environment for humans. The concept of horticulture therapy (HT) denotes the use of ornamental plants to improve people’s health based on the connection between landscape architecture principles, design elements, and guidelines in healthcare facility gardens. In HT, people can improve and maintain health; so, gardens must provide only beneficial effects for users (patient, family, staff), testing design elements, which can be a scroll direction in garden, point of interest, connection with nature. This paper presents a case study analysis of the current landscape architecture standpoint: one of the Cluj-Napoca clinics, where HT can improve patients’ well-being.
10
Zhao, Jin. "The Guiding System Design of Medical Architectural Interior Space Take the Third People's Hospital of Nantong for Instance." Advanced Materials Research 724-725 (August 2013): 1575–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.724-725.1575.
Full textAbstract:
taking comprehensive medical building in the third people's hospital of Nantong as an example, the paper mainly discusses the role of the guiding system design of interior design in hospital construction. Comprehensive medical building puts different relevant medical works together in the same building, makes its volume bigger and its streamline complex. By taking intelligentized recognition guiding system, light guiding system, color guiding system, graphics guiding system and other measures, the building reasonable plans streamline to guide patients and create a comfortable, convenient medical space.
11
Waddell, Gene. "The First Monticello." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 46, no. 1 (March 1, 1987): 5–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/990142.
Full textAbstract:
Thomas Jefferson became an architect while designing the first Monticello. His first house is one of the best-documented pre-Revolutionary buildings in the United States, and his records reveal why he chose an unusual location, how he used design sources, why he changed his designs during construction, how far he executed his designs, and why he largely destroyed the house. He prepared a series of three basically different but closely related floor plans: the first square, the second rectangular, and the third cruciform. His initial landscape design was to reshape the top of a mountain into a truncated pyramid with terraces. He later redesigned the house for aesthetic, rather than political, reasons.
12
Milhous, Judith, and Robert D. Hume. "James Lewis's Plans for an Opera House in the Haymarket (1778)." Theatre Research International 19, no. 3 (1994): 191–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030788330000660x.
Full textAbstract:
In 1780 James Lewis published the first of two magnificent folios, entitledOriginal Designs in Architecture. The title page explains that it consists of ‘Plans, Elevations, and Sections, for Villas, Mansions, Town-Houses, &c. and a New Design for a Theatre. With Descriptions, and Explanations of the Plates, and an Introduction’. Plates XIX-XXII are for ‘a New Theatre, designed for the Opera’. In fact, the designs are for a new opera house intended to occupy the site on which John Vanbrugh's Queen's/King's Theatre in the Haymarket had stood since 1705. The building would consume all the existing site and much of the surrounding property. Lewis explains the origins of his plans: ‘Our Theatres being upon a very small scale, compared with those of other principal cities in Europe, about two years ago [that is, in 1778] a report prevailed that a New Theatre was intended to be built by subscription, which might serve as well for all Dramatick Performances, as Concerts, Assemblies, Masquerades, &c. And the proprietors of the Opera House intending to purchase several adjoining houses and ground, to render the theatre eligible for the various purposes mentioned, suggested the idea of making a design adapted to the situation of the present Opera House, with the principal front towards Pall Mall’ (p. 12). This grand edifice would be like no other theatre in London.
13
Boutros, Ramez. "Dimensions and Proportions in Egypt’s Byzantine Religious Architecture." Journal of the Canadian Society for Coptic Studies 12 (December 3, 2020): 35–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5913/jcscs.2020.86435971.
Full textAbstract:
In the study of Egypt’s Byzantine religious architecture, modern scholarship has been focusing essentially on es- tablishing the typology of plans and their relative chronology. Church building activity has also been studied by using the written sources complimented by the archaeological evidence. is abundant Christian archaeological material shows an amazing variety and complexity in church designs. ere is a need of a rationalized analysis of the proportion ratios of the church buildings, and a necessity to focus on the dominant factors dictating its size, the type of its structure, and the quantities of materials used in its construction. e study of geometric shapes and the evolution of their sacred perceptions is yet another interesting facet of this type of architecture. e purpose of this paper is to explore new approaches in studying the proportion ratios and its correlation with the measuring units used in Byzantine church architecture and the existence of any symbolic concepts.
14
Sharath Kumar, D. R. V. A., Ch Srinivas Kumar, Ragamayi S., P. Sampath Kumar, K. Saikumar, and Sk Hasane Ahammad. "A test architecture design for SoCs using ATAM method." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp719-727.
Full textAbstract:
Test arranging is a basic issue in structure on-a-chip (S.O.C) experiment mechanization. Capable investigation designs constrain the general organization check request time, keep away from analysis reserve conflicts, in addition to purpose of restriction control disseminating in the midst of examination manner. In this broadsheet, we absent a fused method to manage a couple of test arranging issues. We first present a system to choose perfect timetables for sensibly evaluated SOC’s among need associations, i.e., plans that spare alluring orderings among tests. This furthermore acquaints a capable heuristic estimation with plan examinations designed for enormous S.O.Cs through need necessities in polynomial occasion. We portray a narrative figuring with the purpose of uses pre-emption of tests to secure capable date-books in favour of SOCs. Exploratory marks on behalf of an educational S-O-C plus a cutting edge SOC exhibit with the aim of capable investigation timetables be able to subsist gained in sensible CPU occasion.
15
Dev, Kankan. "A Great Approach for Medium Size Hospital Network Infrastructure Architecture." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 1440–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38207.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract: To get first-hand experience for setting up a network infrastructure in a medium size hospital to manage the patient’s services, check-ups, follow-up plans from different parts of the hospital primes and store the data into the secured and safe manner in the database and use the data whenever required from the management team for their references. The network architecture based on the concept of the Three- layer network architecture combination of Mesh topology & Bus topology taking into the consideration of the primary data security, remote access to the network, size of the hospital organization, cost-effective, user-friendly and most importantly scalability required in the network architecture for future changes based on the size of the database, utilization of applications remotely, and for security of the data, changing technology etc. The goal of any network architecture is to protect the DATA from any attacks both internally and externally. For internal DATA security it is protected through various user permissions in different layers in the network for the end users. For Outside threat VPN tunnel, Policies, traffic filtering configured at the firewall level. Keywords: HIS-Hospital Information System, VPN- virtual private network tunnel, VLAN- Virtual LAN, HL7- Health Level Seven International, L3- Layer 3, ISP- Internet service provider
16
Yaneva, Albena, and Liam Heaphy. "Urban controversies and the making of the social." Architectural Research Quarterly 16, no. 1 (March 2012): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135512000267.
Full textAbstract:
On the one hand, architectural knowledge advances very rapidly, with new types of materials and technological innovations entering the field and multiplying architectural invention. On the other hand, urban experts, architects and engineers often debate publicly uncertain urban knowledge and technologies, risky plans and daring designs, polarising opinion - as witnessed on numerous blogs, citizen forums and architecture websites. This radical transformation in building technologies, in the reliance upon experts and in the expansion of architectural networks could have remained practically invisible were it not for the presence of another phenomenon: the digitalisation of architecture and the availability of enormous Internet databases. The digital technologies at our command provide us with abundant resources to follow architectural controversies.
17
S. Ahmed, Khaled, and Fayroz F. Sherif. "Smart management and control system for liquid radioactive waste in hospitals using neural network techniques." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 9, no. 3 (July 12, 2020): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v9i3.30729.
Full textAbstract:
In tertiary hospitals where the nuclear medicine services have been introduced, the radioactive materials used in diagnosis and / or treatment need to be handled. The hospital design and medical planning should consider such these materials and their policy for treatment. The nuclear wastes have been divided into solid and liquid based on the used materials and for their half-life times which start from few minutes till reaching years. In our study, the most common radioactive liquid materials (wastes) have been treated by smart system. The system will detect the material of the waste via nuclear sensors and based on its HLT (activities), it will be distributed in two shielded storage tanks classified based on capacity then to the sewage treatment plant (STP) of the hospital after keeping for required times. The location and capacity of these tanks together with their monitoring and control system should be considered in design stage which determines the treatment processes. By applying our proposed technique on two hospitals, the results have reduced the storage tank capacity by 87% (reduction) and space area leading to cost reduction by 72% keeping the maximum level of safety.
18
Tanniru, Mohan Rao, and Robert Tanniru. "Designing and Adapting Services to Create Value Outside a Hospital Using Blockchain Architecture." International Journal of R&D Innovation Strategy 2, no. 1 (January 2020): 44–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijrdis.2020010103.
Full textAbstract:
As healthcare systems develop innovative services to create value for patients outside the hospital or clinical care facility, they face a major challenge. They need a communication architecture to support the sharing of information among the healthcare providers, patients, and external partners to fulfill the value created. The current electronic medical record systems of hospitals do not extend to many of these external partners unless they are part of the provider network. This paper proposes the use of blockchain architecture to address this challenge. By modeling service innovations used to create value as a set of service exchanges among providers, patients, and partners, the providers decide when blockchain architecture may complement their own extended EMR system in fulfilling the value they create to address patient needs. The authors use gamification to improve patient adherence to treatment plans designed to fulfill the value created and adapt the value created to reflect the changing patient ecosystem. The paper concludes with discussion and directions for future research.
19
Carrano, Andres L., Brian K. Thorn, and Guillermo Lopez. "An integer programming approach to the construction of trend-free experimental plans on split-plot designs." Journal of Manufacturing Systems 25, no. 1 (January 2006): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0278-6125(06)80031-2.
Full text
20
Eghosa Noel, Ekhaese, and Adeboye Albert Babajide. "Green Agenda: A Socio-Cultural Response to Sick Building Syndrom (SBS) and Building Related Illness (BRI) in African Domestic Architecture." Applied Mechanics and Materials 747 (March 2015): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.747.32.
Full textAbstract:
Green agenda is a participatory method for developing and implementing local sustainable development strategies and plans with active involvement of different sectors in the local community where the process is conducted. But Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) and Building Related Illness (BRI) are building concerns in African cities, because building designs, materials and styles are alien the culture and climate. The focus of the paper therefore was to deploy sustainability parameters (Green Agenda) to address SBS and BRI in African Domestic Architecture. Taking into consideration the three main aspects of green agenda which includes; identifying local values, process participation and genuinely owned result. The methodology employed was quantitative and qualitative. The findings revealed that the research had addressed the issues of imported design, sick building syndrome and building related illness using sustainability considerations. The study result has shown that the three aspects of local green agenda has socio-cultural nuance in Domestic Architecture that includes the values, beliefs, available materials in the studied community. This pre-supposes that building design necessarily need to have organic content (i.e. it has to be culture specific, socially responsive and environmentally friendly). Organic designs however have proved to be sustainable and also one of the way out of SBS and BRI. Keywords: Green Agenda, Agenda 21, Habitat Agenda, Socio-Cultural, Domestic Architecture, SBS and BRI
21
Crunelle, M. "A Problem in Perception: Living in Trapezoidal Spaces." Perception 25, no. 1_suppl (August 1996): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/v96p0108.
Full textAbstract:
In journals devoted to architecture one comes more and more often across plans referring to spaces with vanishing, non-parallel, and split walls and other spaces—banana-shaped or perhaps trapezoidal. With respect to these last ones, I shall refrain from discussing the advantages or drawbacks of such solutions, but shall deal with a real problem inherent in them. Such plans are not new. Trapezoidal rooms can be found in circular or outward radiating designs. A prime example is Maison de la Radio in Paris. There the rooms with non-parallel walls are all parts of a circular annulus. People working in such spaces complain of discomfort they cannot identify. I shall try to put forward an explanation. The discussion will be extended to other, larger trapezoidal spaces—the Modern Art Museum in Frankfurt—and open spaces—Piazza del Campidoglio and Piazza San Pietro in Rome—so as to analyse the consequences of the strange effects of counterperspective.
22
Foxall, Tom. "Schooled by Wren, or a School by Wren? The Conception and Design of Christ’s Hospital Writing School, London." Architectural History 51 (2008): 87–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0066622x00003038.
Full textAbstract:
On 2 March 1692, Sir Christopher Wren visited the governors of Christ’s Hospital in London, bringing with him a design for a new writing school to be erected on the Hospital’s Newgate Street site. Seven drawings for the school building survive in the Wren collection at All Souls College, Oxford. However, rather than suggesting Wren’s authorship, these drawings are customarily attributed to his pupil and long-time assistant, Nicholas Hawksmoor. It is generally accepted that Hawksmoor received delegated commissions from Wren by at least the early 1690s, but, although the draughtsmanship and stylistic evidence of the Writing School drawings suggest consistency with this interpretation, the surviving documentary evidence by no means proves Hawksmoor’s involvement. In fact, Wren’s name appears no less than thirteen times in the surviving Hospital minutes of 1691 to 1696, while Hawksmoor is never mentioned.The Writing School designs are briefly described in most architectural histories of the period, although they are considered remarkable more for heralding a shift in architectural taste than for the building shown in the drawings or for the social and ideological impulses that impelled its creation. This article considers the Writing School in the context of contemporary debates and anxieties concerning the provision of education for the poor, and within the wider sphere of late seventeenth-century charity-school building. Wren’s involvement is considered in relation to his philanthropic interest in the charity-school movement. The article concludes with an analysis of the designs and building history of the Writing School, and, on the basis of previously unpublished eighteenth- and nineteenth-century graphic sources, discounts Giles Worsley’s suggestion that Hawksmoor added a pediment to the final design. Wren and Hawksmoor’s specific responsibilities for the conception, design and execution of the building are considered, and it is argued that, although Hawksmoor was responsible for most of the surviving drawings relating to the project, Wren directed the process, taking responsibility for all designs produced in his office and claiming authorship for the drawings produced.
23
Shoked, Noam. "Design and Contestation in the Jewish Settlement of Hebron, 1967–87." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 79, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 82–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2020.79.1.82.
Full textAbstract:
In Design and Contestation in the Jewish Settlement of Hebron, 1967–87, Noam Shoked explores how this settlement, built on lands Israel captured from Jordan in the Six-Day War of 1967, became a site of both collaboration and confrontation among architects, settlers, and government officials. Working for the government, architects at first sought to mitigate the ambitions of the settlers, but their plans were undermined by unexpected actors, such as amateur archaeologists and volunteer architects, who commandeered their designs. Unearthing the architectural history of the settlement, this article questions the received history of settlement design as the outcome of military strategy and points to the unanticipated ways in which Hebron's religious settlers drew on mainstream architectural culture to fashion their identities.
24
Waheed, Mohammed Abbas, Azzad Bader Saeed, and Thanaa Hussein Abd. "Signalling load reduction in 5G network based on cloud radio access network architecture." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 11, no. 6 (December 1, 2021): 5127. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i6.pp5127-5136.
Full textAbstract:
The rapid growth of both mobile users and application numbers has caused a huge load on the core network (CN). This is attributed to the large numbers of control messages circulating between CN entities for each communication or service request, however, making it imperative to develop innovative designs to handle this load. Consequently, a variety of proposed architectures, including a software defined network (SDN) paradigm focused on the separation of control and data plans, have been implemented to make networks more flexible. Cloud radio access network (C-RAN) architecture has been suggested for this purpose, which is based on separating base band units (BBU) from several base stations and assembling these in one place. In this work, a novel approach to realize this process is based on SDN and C-RAN, which also distributes the control elements of the CN and locates them alongside the BBU to obtain the lowest possible load. The performance of this proposed architecture was evaluated against traditional architecture using MATLAB simulation, and. the results of this assessment indicated a major reduction in signalling load as compared to that seen in the traditional architecture. Overall, the number of signalling messages exchanged between control entities was decreased by 53.19 percent as compared to that seen in the existing architecture.
25
Gronostajska, Joanna, and Roman Czajka. "Architecture therapy: principles of designing and shaping space in centres for cancer patients, based on the architecture of Maggie's Centres." BUILDER 284, no. 3 (February 24, 2021): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.7434.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents a study on the architecture created for the needs of Maggie's, a charity organisation, whose main aim since 1995 has been the creation of facilities (centres) for the short-term stay of cancer patients and their families without accommodation options. The main purpose of Maggie's facilities is to provide patients and their loved ones with a sense of home security and peace during hospital therapies. This paper discusses several centres, located all over the world, as well as the features of shaping space common to the presented examples as determined. Their architectural layouts were analysed with a focus on patient needs and activity. Based on the designs of Maggie's Centres, we identified basic principles of design and interior arrangement that can be used in other medical buildings and those that require their patients to maintain a high degree of psychophysical comfort. This paper presents evidence of the importance of a homely atmosphere in healthcare settings.
26
Farida, Intan Nur, Abidarin Rosidi, and Syamsul A. Syahdan. "Perencanaan Enterprise Architecture di Rumah Sakit Umum Muhammadiyah Surya Melati Kediri." Creative Information Technology Journal 1, no. 1 (April 2, 2015): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24076/citec.2013v1i1.7.
Full textAbstract:
Pelayanan medis yang belum didukung oleh pemanfaatan teknologi secara optimal menimbulkan permasalahan terutama berkaitan dengan pelayanan medis pasien. Perencanaan arsitektur enterprise dalam mendukung aktivitas bisnis rumah sakit harus ada, meliputi arsitektur data, aplikasi dan teknologi. Tujuan perencanaan ini adalah membuat blueprint enterprise architecture di Rumah Sakit Umum Muhammadiyah Surya Melati Kediri sebagai pedoman pencapaian tujuan organisasi. Adapun konsep yang dipakai adalah EAP dengan menggunakan Zachman framework. Hasil dari perencanaan ini adalah terbentuknya entitas data, usulan aplikasi serta rencana peta jaringan sesuai dengan visi, misi dan tujuan organisasi sehingga tercipta pelayanan medis yang bermutu.Medical services are not supported by the use of technology in optimally cause problems mainly related to the patient's medical care. Enterprise architecture planning in support of the hospital business activity must exist, including data architecture, application and technology. The purpose of planning is to make enterprise architecture blueprint at Muhammadiyah Hospital Surya Melati Kediri to guide the achievement of organizational goals. The concept is used by EAP using the Zachman framework. Results of this project is the establishment of a data entity, applications and network plans in accordance with the vision, mission and goals of the organization so as to create the quality of medical care.
27
Moulis, Antony. "Forms and techniques: Le Corbusier, the spiral plan and diagram architecture." Architectural Research Quarterly 14, no. 4 (December 2010): 317–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135913551100011x.
Full textAbstract:
While Le Corbusier's spiral plan projects have long been debated for their symbolic and rhetorical meaning - dealing with initiation, procession, ritual, generative nature, unlimited growth and so on - little attention is paid to their actual production as designs. If we look for the emergence of the spiral plan as a production of Le Corbusier's studio then we might begin with a sketch design for the Villa La Roche made in 1923 and not with the project for the Mundaneum (1928) generally credited as the point at which the architect 'invents' the spiral type [1]. Taking the Villa La Roche spiral experiment as a tentative beginning marks a much longer history of the spiral plan type in Le Corbusier's work that links the architect's early domestic projects to later major public building proposals such as the Venice Hospital (1964).
28
Danielisz, Dóra. "Spatial Formation in 16-19th Century Calvinist Church Architecture: The Calvinist Churches of Sepsiszék." Periodica Polytechnica Architecture 48, no. 1 (April 12, 2017): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppar.10608.
Full textAbstract:
One of the less-known and less researched regions of the Carpathian Basin is Sepsiszék, which as part of Háromszék County, was one of Greater Hungary’s southeastern frontier-guard areas. After the Reformation, the population of the region became almost exclusively the followers of one of the Protestant tendencies with Calvinism gathering the most members. Due to the location of the area, Sepsiszék and its vicinity – the former territory of the county - is home to Europe’s easternmost Protestant communities to this day. Thanks to the unique cultural, religious and social environment, the unique development of local church designs notably enriches the history of Protestant religious architecture.The survey documentation of the area’s 32 Calvinist churches along with the schematic analysis of architectural history was carried out during the summer of 2015. The central question of the research was how did the assessed churches accommodate the spatial demands of the new liturgy, and what tendencies can be identified regarding the shaping of the space. The interior layout, galleries, additions to the buildings, the proportions in the floor plans and spatial ratios will be the topics through which these questions will be answered. After tracing the locally observable main characteristics of Protestant spatial formation, similarities with Hungarian and international examples will also be explored.
29
Filas-Zając, Paulina. "Architecture of spas in Krynica Zdroj." Budownictwo i Architektura 14, no. 1 (March 10, 2015): 033–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.1665.
Full textAbstract:
Research on the spatial shape of spas lies in the field of interest of architects, urban planners and geographers. The research shows a link between the role of spas and the process of economic development of the region and the town, mainly in the field of tourism.
Spa town is based on the assumption that various human health needs are supported there. For example spa provides conditions to restore physical and mental health after accidents and hospital treatment, it maintains the present state of health in chronic diseases, provides prophylactic examinations to enhance immunity and should prevent diseases of civilization or mitigate the effects of such diseases.
Spas also aim at promoting and spreading education not only related to health. The spatial shape of a spa derives from its function and is the result of a centuries long forming of these systems. They are located in places, which are richly supplied with natural healing factors such as: natural resources, and environmental factors such as: the natural environment, climate, forestation, sea, landscape, cultural environment of the region and the spa town, spatial layout and architectural forms.
In addition to the essential function they perform, they are also very interesting architectural and urban designs, which have been discussed through the example of Krynica Zdroj town.
30
Tulić, Damir, and Mario Pintarić. "Io Antonio Michelazzi Architetto di professione. Nepoznati majstorovi projekti i nacrti za Krk, Omišalj, Senj, Karlobag i Rijeku." Ars Adriatica 9 (February 28, 2020): 107–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/ars.2927.
Full textAbstract:
The article brings twelve unknown designs and projects of Rijeka’s sculptor and altar maker Antonio Michelazzi (Gradisca d’Isonzo, 1707 – Rijeka, 1771). The earliest two designs, dating from 1750 and linked to the island of Krk, are today preserved at the Archivio di Stato in Venice. One is a ground plan and assessment of a public ruin in the town of Krk, and the other a panoramic view of the Omišalj bay. A newly discovered document clarifies Michelazzi’s commissioning by the Trieste administration in charge of Rijeka, Senj, and Karlobag, since Empress Maria Theresa appointed him the imperial-royal architect in 1755. In that capacity, Michelazzi worked on a dozen plans and projects for public works in Senj and Karlobag during 1757 and 1758. He drew a map of Senj with a project for modernizing the city port and its defence against stormy winds. A particularly important project was his plan to redirect the stream that ran through the town into the harbour of Senj, for which he designed a new riverbed. There were also projects for prisons in the citadel, a health office, a slaughterhouse, and butcher shops. In Karlobag, he made a project for the renovation of the citadel, butcher shops, a new cistern, and a public administrative-residential building on the main town square. His last design and project was a new slaughterhouse with butcher shops in Rijeka in 1770. Although most of Michelazzi’s designs were never put in practice because of the lack of finances, the designs published here are the first of this kind in his known oeuvre, which will certainly grow further, since he was also involved in architecture besides sculpture and altar making.
31
Morrison, Tessa, and Mark Rubin. "DO UTOPIAN CITY DESIGNS FROM THE SOCIAL REFORM LITERATURE OF THE SEVENTEENTH AND NINETEENTH CENTURIES RESONATE WITH A MODERN AUDIENCE?" Journal of Architecture and Urbanism 40, no. 1 (April 6, 2016): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2016.1163244.
Full textAbstract:
Utopian cities from social reform literature from the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries were a serious attempt to improve living and working conditions of their time. Some of this literature included a design for a city that would be complimentary to and enhance the political philosophy of the respective authors. Four of the most famous works which include a plan of a city are, Tommaso Campanella’s Civitas Solis (City of the Sun) (1602), Johann Valentin Andreae’s Christianopolis (1619), Robert Owen’s Villages of Co-operation (1817 & 1830) and James Silk Buckingham’s Victoria (1849). These works are frequently featured in literature on utopian cities. However, no consideration is given to whether these ‘utopian’ cities have any value as urban plans or whether they incorporate any desirable urban features. These urban designs of the city are significant to political philosophies because the cities are presented as being integral to such philosophies. This paper considers the following questions: ‘Do the main principles behind the initial political philosophies and their coinciding plan endure within the design of these cities?’ ‘Does a modern audience perceive in these cities the features that made them utopian in the centuries in which they were planned?’
32
Wanigarathna, Nadeeshani, Fred Sherratt, Andrew Price, and Simon Austin. "Design re-use: critical application of healthcare building design evidence." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 26, no. 3 (April 15, 2019): 350–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-07-2017-0118.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The re-use of good design solutions is a key source of evidence and knowledge in the design of healthcare buildings. However, due to the unique nature of healthcare built environments, the critical application of this evidence is of paramount importance. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the features of such critical application and identify the aspects that need to be considered during the re-use of good designs. Design/methodology/approach Data from three case studies of hospital designs in the UK were used to explore the processes behind the adaption and re-use of design solutions during the design of healthcare buildings. Data were thematically analysed to distinguish the aspects that should be carefully compared and contrasted during design re-use. Findings Existing designs of healthcare buildings should be captured and evaluated along with: patient demographics, care models of the hospital, other local departmental needs and facility operational aspects in order to ensure the effectiveness of re-use. In addition, properly introducing the design to the users is also a part of successful design re-use. Research limitations/implications The findings of this research were integrated into a framework to support healthcare designers on the effective re-use of good designs. This data-driven framework could be validated further with design practitioners. Further, this research relied on memory recall of the interviewees and the accuracy and completeness of documentary records. Practical implications This research provides details of how healthcare built environment designs are embedded in project-unique circumstances. The results could therefore be used to develop meaningful and informative evaluation mechanisms for new and re-used healthcare building design features. Originality/value This research extends the understanding of the critical application of healthcare design evidence, by explaining how healthcare design solutions should be evaluated during the design process.
33
Martínez Olea, Aleymar. "The draughtsman of architecture and engineering in the naval, maritime and fluvial industry of Cartagena." Ciencia y tecnología de buques 12, no. 24 (April 8, 2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.25043/19098642.179.
Full textAbstract:
Careers and industry tend to go hand in hand with the references that are formed throughout their history, but there are careers hidden from them, without demeriting their importance in their process and growth. The Architectural and Engineering Draughtsmen are professional technologists who are active in the Naval Industry and little is referred to them as an associated profession. However, for all those who are immersed in this industry, the work they perform and their recognition in supporting the achievement of projects in the different design and construction stages is very clear. What is really worth highlighting in them, is the growth and evolution they have taken in this industry.The times when the draughtsman transcribed ideas into drawings and plans is on the verge of extinction. Today, trained personnel is required and available to develop virtual models giving characteristics associated with the properties of each element and its integration into the total function of the project. These technologists have the experience and specific knowledge in the industry, and become the right hand of designers, engineers and builders, to develop designs from their basic stage to the closure of projects, with the confidence that they can receive alarms and ideas that make possible the completion of each job. For this reason, they take the name of designers or modelers according to the particular case of the company for which they work.
34
Moin, Tannaz, Neil Steers, Susan L. Ettner, Kenrik Duru, Norman Turk, Charles Chan, Abigail M. Keckhafer, Robert H. Luchs, Sam Ho, and Carol M. Mangione. "Association of the Diabetes Health Plan with emergency room and inpatient hospital utilization: a Natural Experiment for Translation in Diabetes (NEXT-D) Study." BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care 9, no. 1 (January 2021): e001802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001802.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionTo examine the association of a novel disease-specific health plan, known as the Diabetes Health Plan (DHP), with emergency room (ER) and hospital utilization among patients with diabetes and pre-diabetes.Research design and methodsQuasi-experimental design, with employer group as the unit of analysis, comparing changes in any ER and inpatient hospital utilization over a 3-year period. Inverse probability weighting was used to control for differences between employers purchasing DHP versus standard plans. Estimated differences in utilization are calculated as average treatment effects on the treated. We used employees and dependents from employer groups contracting with a large, national private insurer between 2009 and 2012. Eligibility and claims data from continuously covered employees and dependents with diabetes and pre-diabetes (n=74 058) were aggregated to the employer level. The analysis included 9 DHP employers (n=7004) and 183 control employers (n=67 054).ResultsDHP purchase was associated with 2.4 and 1.8 percentage points absolute reduction in mean rates of any ER utilization, representing 13% and 10% relative reductions at 1 and 2 years post-DHP (p=0.012 and p=0.046, respectively). There was no significant association between DHP purchase and hospital utilization.ConclusionEmployers purchasing diabetes-specific health benefit designs may experience lower rates of resource-intensive services such as ER utilization.
35
Lavy, Sarel, D. Kirk Hamilton, Yin Jiang, Amy Kircher, M. K. Dixit, and Jin-Ting Lee. "Hospital Building and Departmental Area Calculation: Comparison of 36 Recent North American Projects." HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal 12, no. 4 (August 25, 2019): 174–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1937586719834731.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Hospital trustees, administrators, and their consultants must base important budget decisions upon a projection of the size of proposed construction projects. The anticipated functions and an estimate of the space required are generally provided in a project program or project brief. The programming consultant, often part of the architect’s team, will calculate the physical area (square feet or square meters) required to perform the desired functions based on an understanding of demographics in the service area, services offered, the volumes of service required, and a historical understanding of space required to perform those services. Hospitals and hospital designs in North America have been changing. Plans must now address far higher percentages of outpatient care, accommodate new equipment modalities, and provide space to account for family presence in patient rooms. Aim: A study was undertaken to better understand whether the allocation of space in recently constructed hospital projects is different from the amounts of area devoted to various departments and functions in older projects. Method: In order to assure measurement consistency, a measurement methodology was developed and is reported elsewhere. Thirty-six recently constructed hospitals were measured. Results: The results provide new information about the allocation of space for nondepartmental functions within the overall building gross calculation. Many of the departmental space allocations fell within an expected range. Ultimately, significant detailed information about hospital area calculations is made available to the public because of this study.
36
Pink, Sarah, Melisa Duque, Shanti Sumartojo, and Laurene Vaughan. "Making Spaces for Staff Breaks: A Design Anthropology Approach." HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal 13, no. 2 (January 31, 2020): 243–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1937586719900954.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: This article proposes and demonstrates a design anthropological approach to hospital design and architecture and engages this approach to advance recent discussions of the question of designing for staff breaks. Background: We respond to calls for attention to sensory and experiential dimensions of hospital architecture and design through social science approaches and to research into the sensory environments for staff breaks. Method: Design anthropology enables us to surface the experiential and unspoken knowledge and practice of hospital staff, which is inaccessible through conventional consultations, quantitative post-occupancy evaluation surveys, or traditional interviews. We draw on ethnographic research into the everyday experience, improvisatory activity, and imagined futures of staff working in the psychiatric department of a large new architecturally designed hospital in Australia. Results: We argue that while the sensory aspects of hospital design conventionally cited—such as light and green areas—are relevant, attention to staff priorities that emerge in practice reveals that well-being is contingent on other qualities and resources. Conclusions: This suggests a refocus, away from the idea that environments impact on staff to create well-being, to understanding how staff improvise to create environments of well-being. We outline the implications of this research for an agenda for design for well-being in which architects and designers are often constrained by generic design briefs to argue for a shift in policy that attends more deeply to staff as future users of hospital designs.
37
Zou, Guo Xia, and Jian Qing Tang. "The Study Based on SOA in Digital Hospital Systems Integration." Advanced Materials Research 187 (February 2011): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.187.297.
Full textAbstract:
In the medical information process, many systems need to be integrated, such as, within hospitals, between hospitals, hospitals and health departments and between hospitals and related outside sectors. But most of hospital information applications is narrow, lacks industry application standards, lacks hospital information technology planning, poor integration leads to hospital information island and can not effectively share information. In order to share information within the hospital ,such as, between HIS(Hospital Information System) and PACS(Picture Archiving and Communication Systems), between hospitals, such as, between HIS and HIS, between PACS and PACS, to realize automate business processes, according to the current technology, should use SOA(Service Oriented Architecture), Because SOA uses service as its core to encapsulate business processes and applications systems, the service with a higher level of abstraction, can achieve a higher level of reuse, and solve the relevance of between IT systems and business processes. This paper designs regional health information integrated services platform with SOA, realizes PACS service platform with web services technology ,at last, uses IE(Internet Explorer) view a patient’s DICOM(Digital Imaging Communications in Medicine) images. The results show that using SOA to integrate digital hospital systems is effective.
38
Shanken, Andrew M. "The Fair that Never Was." California History 93, no. 1 (2016): 4–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ch.2016.93.1.4.
Full textAbstract:
The unbuilt proposals for the 1939 San Francisco World's Fair offer a cross section of designs put before the public in a formative moment just before modernism came to dominate architectural discourse and production. Projects by luminaries Bernard Maybeck and Richard Neutra joined projects by Joseph Strauss and Henry Killam Murphy. Here were architectural hopefuls at the nadir of the Great Depression attempting to draw their way into the commission of a lifetime. Thus, a Beaux-Arts bohemian competed with a sincere modernist, a self-promoting engineer, and America's leading practitioner in China. At the same time, the proposals were part of the larger economic and political landscape of San Francisco, as neighborhood associations and politicians used them to attract the fair to their part of the city. More than pie in the sky, these designs show in amplified form the way architecture is embedded in public discourse as a form of persuasion, a kind of politics by other means through which elites and other stakeholders argued for their preferred reality. As tools of intra-urban boosterism, these plans reveal the competing interests within San Francisco at a pivotal moment in its development, when its future lay in the formation of a regional metropolis that could compete with Los Angeles for commerce on the West Coast and beyond.
39
Litvack, Leon B. "An Auspicious Alliance: Pugin, Bloxam, and the Magdalen Commissions." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 49, no. 2 (June 1, 1990): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/990474.
Full textAbstract:
This article forms the sequel to "The Balliol that Might Have Been: Pugin's Crushing Oxford Defeat" (JSAH, XLV, 1986, 358-373). That study showed that Augustus W. N. Pugin (1812-1852) was prevented from carrying out his plans for renovating Balliol College, Oxford, because of his somewhat singular views and oppressive nature, combined with the prevailing sentiments against Roman Catholics in the University. The present study surveys the history of the two small commissions that Pugin was granted: the Magdalen College gateway and the Church of St. Lawrence, Tubney (the only Anglican church Pugin ever built). In both cases Pugin was appointed as architect through the benevolence of Dr. John Rouse Bloxam, in appeasement for the failures at Balliol. Pugin executed the designs in secrecy and with extraordinary speed, thereby hoping to avoid criticism or scandal, in an effort to erect a small monument to himself in Oxford, his "city of spires," which he hoped could serve as the model for the 19th-century Gothic revival in England.
40
Akalın, Aysu, Kemal Yıldırım, Çiğdem Yücel, and Can Güngör. "User Interventions in Turkish Mass Housing." Open House International 32, no. 3 (September 1, 2007): 77–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2007-b0009.
Full textAbstract:
The intent and aim of the research was to look at a particular house type i.e. a terraced house with four floors, which is one of the popular designs commonly used in the last ten years in mass housing projects in Turkey. There are four alternatives of the type related with the cross-sectional relationship with the ground floor level. Emphasis was placed upon the "semi-cellar type" assuming that even though the level of residential satisfaction gradually increases with the possibility of interpreting the use of the open-plan floor space, and by proposing new design elements to create more adaptable and flexible spaces, the users may still experience dissatisfaction with designs where the space cannot be revised. With the use of a questionnaire, participants judged their own house as a whole and evaluated its uses for different functions and activities, complained in respect of changes required, and finally outlined their plans for the future. Despite the high level of satisfaction with having a garden (a unique characteristic in apartment-saturated Ankara), the aspect of dissatisfaction mostly referred to was the kitchen-garden relationship (or lack thereof). The residents, especially the older ones, were generally dissatisfied with the multi-storey design of their house. They prefer to remain on the backyard level without changing floors in different seasons. Besides, the users spending the longest time in the house complained more than the others and the people spending variable time in the house stated that they preferred to change the floors in different seasons. As compared to larger families, the smaller families were more likely to change floors.
41
Kumar, Deepak S., Keyoor Purani, and Shyam A. Viswanathan. "The indirect experience of nature: biomorphic design forms in servicescapes." Journal of Services Marketing 34, no. 6 (September 24, 2020): 847–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsm-10-2019-0418.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose This paper aims to introduce the concept of biomorphism (i.e. indirect experience of nature) in servicescape designs and validates its impact on consumer responses. Using the stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R) framework, this study explores the relationship between biomorphic servicescape designs and the servicescape preference. Further, it explains how biomorphic designs can help users to get better connected with the servicescapes by introducing the mediating role of attention restoration and place identity (emotional and cognitive), as explained by attention restoration theory. Design/methodology/approach Two empirical studies were carried out to test the hypothesised relationships: an exploratory pre-experimental design with one-shot treatment using 200 images as stimuli and 3,680 responses; and a 3 × 2 factorial design with three-dimensional images with about 654 responses for three service contexts chosen a priori: fashion retail, restaurant and hospital lobby. Findings This study conceptualises the role of biomorphism – elements that mimic natural forms – in servicescape designs and establishes that, akin to natural elements, the indirect experience of nature in servicescapes also has a positive influence on attention restoration, perceived place identity and servicescape preference of the consumers. This implies that the effects similar to that of a biophilic servicescape can be achieved through servicescape elements that mimic natural forms. Originality/value Extending the idea of biophilia, this research adopts the concept of biomorphism from architecture and environmental psychology domains and introduces biomorphic servicescape designs, which could be more practical at times compared to biophilic servicescapes. It establishes the influences of biomorphic servicescape designs on consumer preferences. Grounded in the S-O-R model, it further explains this relationship through mediating effects of attention restoration and place identity. Being new to marketing and management domains, this research may trigger a series of research studies on biomorphic service environment designs, with desirable implications for services marketing and services operations functions.
42
Schmidt, Leo. "Holkham Hall: An Architectural ‘Whodunnit’." Architectural History 58 (2015): 83–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0066622x00002598.
Full textAbstract:
Horace Walpole had to put his oar in. ‘How the designs of that house [Holkham], which I have seen an hundred times in Kent’s original drawings, came to be published under another name, and without the slightest mention of the real architect, is beyond my comprehension’. Indeed, The Plans, Elevations, and Sections, of Holkham in Norfolk, The Seat of the Late Earl of Leicester had been published by Matthew Brettingham senior (1699–1769) ten years earlier (1761) without any mention of William Kent (c. 1685–1748). But Walpole’s well-publicised remark completely turned the scales, establishing Kent as the creator and architect of this intriguing work (built 1734-64), which is seen by many as the beau idéal of Anglo-Palladian architecture (Fig. 1).An alternative view of Holkham’s genesis has seen the patron, Thomas Coke, later Earl of Leicester, as the driving force in the creation of the house and its setting — a view confirmed by a great number of drawings and letters discovered since the 1980s. But a ‘reassessment’, recently published in this journal, has now cast doubt on such a conclusion and has attempted to re-establish Kent as Holkham’s architect.
43
Pereira, Antonio Gualberto, and Luís Eduardo Afonso. "Automatic enrollment and employer match: an experiment with the choice of pension plans." Revista de Gestão 27, no. 3 (June 2, 2020): 281–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rege-07-2019-0077.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeThe purpose of this study is to identify arrangements of fully funded defined contribution (FF-DC) pension plans associated with the continuity of retirement savings.Design/methodology/approachThe authors adopted an experimental design composed of a control group and two treatment groups. In all groups, individuals made decisions throughout nine periods: five during the working period and four at the postretirement stage. The authors asked participants if they wanted to join a pension plan, and which plan. The authors offered three plans with different risk profiles: plan 1 (high risk), plan 2 (moderate) and plan 3 (low risk) and one risk-free plan, plan 4. In treatment groups 1 and 2, there was an automatic enrollment of the participants in the default plan (moderate risk), and in the following periods they had to decide whether to continue contributing, and in this case, to which plan, with a defined percentage.FindingsIn treatment scenarios, participants chose the riskiest plan in all periods of the experiment, and most of them chose the risk-free plan in period 5. These findings suggest that pension plans with automatic enrollment, employer matching and low risk foster the continuation of retirement savings.Research limitations/implicationsThe research has as limitation the fact that the sample is not representative of the population and therefore does not allow generalizations. This is because the authors use social media ads to prospect respondents.Practical implicationsThe research's findings can be relevant for the design of public policies for private pension plans, suggesting that compulsory automatic enrollment can be used as default in plans offered by the employers. The results encourage the inclusion of behavioral elements in the design of the pension system, paying attention to the nudges. In this sense, it is possible to increase participation in the pension plan and develop low cost programs to increase the amount accumulated by people before retirement.Social implicationsDecision-making architecture, such as automatic enrollment, can improve individuals' retirement decisions, affecting savings and welfare in the long run.Originality/valueAlthough the effect of pension plan designs is widely studied in other countries, such as the United States and United Kingdom, the authors are unaware of a national empirical research that seeks to understand how different arrangements affect an individual choice through an experiment.
44
DERAZGISOU, SeyedAli, Romualdas BAUSYS, and Rima FAYAZ. "COMPUTATIONAL OPTIMIZATION OF HOUSING COMPLEXES FORMS TO ENHANCE ENERGY EFFICIENCY." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 24, no. 3 (May 25, 2018): 193–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2018.1678.
Full textAbstract:
This study aimed to consider the field of energy saving in architectural design utilizing computer analysis and calculation. In this analysis, architecture design with an approach to optimizing energy consumption in the design of individual units, complex plan sites, and apartment sets using a computer was studied. Parameters affecting this research include the geometry of units, the arrangement and location relationship of buildings, and the form and height of apartment units. Different plans were produced by utilizing the initial plan of the designer and changing some aspects of it approved by the architectural design using the parametric modeling technique. Utilizing similar logic and a shift in the arrangement of buildings on the site, a variety of options were produced. By selecting existing and pre-designed plans, the optimal form was produced by computer. After computer-simulating each option, the energy analysis process was started for each building design. In the optimization process for each of the three designs, a genetic algorithm was used to achieve the optimal solution. After accomplishing the various stages of optimization, the final option compared with the initial design had reductions in energy consumption of 21% in plan design, 2% in site plan design, and 26% in apartment units form design. It should be noted that the processes of simulation and optimization were performed in the context of a continuous algorithm and by utilizing parametric tools that reduced the duration of this process.
45
Zhukova, Oksana, and Simon Bell. "The krushchkevka and the dom kultura: urban lifestyles in a rural setting." SHS Web of Conferences 63 (2019): 08001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20196308001.
Full textAbstract:
Collectivisation in the Soviet Union, including the Baltic States, involved many aspects related to living conditions and architecture. One of the dominant images of village centres in Estonia and Latvia is that of the standardised urban forms of blocks of flats and other buildings such as schools and administrative buildings. On collectivisation, new village centres arose, promising “Urban lifestyles in a rural setting”. There are very few designs for blocks of flats – standardisation came in with Krushchev and the first generation of flats built of white brick became known as Krushchevki. Alongside these were buildings to serve as places where the new Soviet cultural activities could take place – the Dom Kultura which, in contrast to the standard flats, was often of a special one-off design. These can often be found to be abandoned and derelict nowadays, since they have no function and represented the Soviet regime. The objective of this study was to examine the plans and initial proposals for several kolkhoz centres and, using computer aided-design, to recreate 3D models of the building ensemble as it was originally planned, to compare this to what was actually built and to what remains now and the extent to which they are still used. We found that while the standard flats were built according to plan, external landscape features were often omitted. The unique designs of the culture houses often contained many interesting Modernist or even post-modernist features but changed during construction and were often built of poor materials and finishes. They were vandalised, robbed of materials and are now abandoned in many cases. Their architects often went on to make a post-Soviet career and there is considerable interest in their designs. They represent a lost legacy of the period.
46
Schoenefeldt, Henrik. "Adapting Glasshouses for Human Use: Environmental Experimentation in Paxton’s Designs for the 1851 Great Exhibition Building and the Crystal Palace, Sydenham." Architectural History 54 (2011): 233–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0066622x00004068.
Full textAbstract:
When the horticulturist Joseph Paxton first published his proposal to house the 1851 Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations inside a glasshouse of enormous scale at Hyde Park, London, the scheme was praised as a more practical alternative to an earlier idea that had been put forward by the Royal Commission for the Great Exhibition’s own Building Committee. However, the feasibility of Paxton’s idea soon became the subject of concern. The use of glasshouses for the cultivation of plants was well established, but could this type of building now be adapted to the task of accommodating artefacts? Could it also provide visitors to the Exhibition with a comfortable environment? A particular worry was the issue of cooling, given that the Exhibition was to take place in summer. Prospective exhibitors anxiously made reference to the hot and humid conditions inside greenhouses such as the Palm House at Kew Gardens and the Conservatory at Regent’s Park, and they criticized Paxton’s idea as a risky experiment. Paxton did not ignore the challenge. He pointed out that his design incorporated shading devices, provision for evaporative cooling and natural ventilation, all of which were intended to maintain comfortable temperatures on hot days. He argued that his proposals had been informed by his previous experience with conservatory design, claiming that he had validated the effectiveness of his ventilation and cooling strategy through smalls-cale experiments at Chatsworth House. That Paxton’s plans were accepted and realized was largely due to good fortune. His design was considered to be the only one that could be constructed in time for the opening of the exhibition, which had already been advertised internationally. The Executive Committee, however, requested that conditions inside the building be carefully monitored. In effect, the Great Exhibition Building at Hyde Park became a significant early experiment in what would now be termed ‘environmental design’ (Fig. 1).
47
Immonen, Visa, and Janne Harjula. "Something Distinct, or Business as Usual? Interpreting the Plan of the Late Medieval Bridgettine Monastery in Naantali, Finland." Religions 12, no. 6 (June 10, 2021): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12060432.
Full textAbstract:
This article analyses modern interpretations of the medieval plan of the Bridgettine Monastery of Naantali, Finland. Instead of seeing the distinct spatial organisation as deviation from the Bridgettine norm, we consider it as an expression of a medieval process, by which monastic principles were re-conceptualised in order to be realised in material form. This perspective builds on the shift in thinking that has taken place in the study of medieval urban planning. Instead of being ‘organic’, meaning disorganised, medieval urban development has come to be considered as intentional, guided by general principles, although not in a manner that is always obvious to the modern mind. We concur that models such as St Bridget’s visions and the plan of Vadstena Abbey are important tools for reconstructing medieval monastic plans. Meanwhile, we propose that such models can also add latent and counterproductive baggage to this field of study by encouraging modern expectations of regularity within monastic architecture. If the designs of monasteries do not follow such models perfectly, discrepancies are often erroneously misconceived as indications of the builders’ insufficient skills and knowledge.
48
Ten Eyck, Raymond P. "Ability of Regional Hospitals to Meet Projected Avian Flu Pandemic Surge Capacity Requirements." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 23, no. 2 (April 2008): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00005707.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractIntroduction:Hospital surge capacity is a crucial part of community disaster preparedness planning, which focuses on the requirements for additional beds, equipment, personnel, and special capabilities.The scope and urgency of these requirements must be balanced with a practical approach addressing cost and space concerns. Renewed concerns for infectious disease threats, particularly from a potential avian flu pandemic perspective, have emphasized the need to be prepared for a prolonged surge that could last six to eight weeks.Null Hypothesis:The surge capacity that realistically would be generated by the cumulative Greater Dayton Area Hospital Association (GDAHA) plan is sufficient to meet the demands of an avian influenza pandemic as predicted by the [US] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) models.Methods:Using a standardized data form, surge response plans for each hospital in the GDAHA were assessed.The cumulative results were compared to the demand projected for an avian influenza pandemic using the CDC's FluAid and FluSurge models.Results:The cumulative GDAHA capacity is sufficient to meet the projected demand for bed space, intensive care unit beds, ventilators, morgue space, and initial personal protective equipment (PPE) use. There is a shortage of negative pressure rooms, some basic equipment, and neuraminidase inhibitors. Many facilities lack a complete set of written surge policies, including screening plans to segregate contaminated patients and staff prior to entering the hospital. Few hospitals have agreements with nursing homes or home healthcare agencies to provide care for patients discharged in order to clear surge beds. If some of the assumptions in the CDC's models are changed to match the morbidity and mortality rates reported from the 1918 pandemic, the surge capacity of GDAHA facilities would not meet the projected demand.Conclusions:The GDAHA hospitals should test their regional distributors' ability to resupply PPE for multiple facilities simultaneously. Facilities should retrofit current air exchange systems to increase the number of potential negative pressure rooms and include such designs in all future construction. Neuraminidase inhibitor supplies should be increased to provide treatment for healthcare workers exposed in the course of their duties. Each hospital should have a complete set of policies to address the special considerations for a prolonged surge. Additional capacity is required to meet the predicted demands of a threat similar to the 1918 pandemic.
49
Boge, Knut, and Anjola Aliaj. "Albania vs Norway – FM at two university hospitals." Facilities 35, no. 7/8 (May 3, 2017): 462–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-07-2016-0079.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeGiven the premise of de facto universal standards for FM, this paper aims to investigate development of facilities management (FM) at an Albanian and a Norwegian university hospital through examination of two hypotheses: the university hospital has recognised FM and established a designated FM organisation (H1) and the university hospital provides adequate food and catering services at ward kitchens and buffets (H2). Design/methodology/approachThis is an exploratory and descriptive comparative case study based on a diverse cases’ designs. FindingsThere is limited and strong support for H1 at the Albanian and Norwegian university hospitals, respectively. Both the Albanian and the Norwegian university hospitals rely on in-house production of facilities services, but the Albanian university hospital has outsourced food and catering services. FM and provision of facilities services are deeply integrated within the Norwegian university hospital’s core activities. There is also limited and strong support for H2 at the Albanian and Norwegian university hospitals, respectively. Hence, the Albanian Ministry of Health and the Albanian university hospital’s top management have a comprehensive, but not impossible, task, if the aim is to catch up with the Norwegian university hospital concerning FM. Research limitations/implicationsThis is an exploratory and descriptive comparative case study. Large N studies should be carried out both in Albania and Norway and preferably also in other countries to corroborate and develop the findings. Originality/valueThis is the first comparative study of FM at an Albanian and a Norwegian university hospital.
50
Jovanović, Nikolina, Justin Campbell, and Stefan Priebe. "How to design psychiatric facilities to foster positive social interaction – A systematic review." European Psychiatry 60 (August 2019): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2019.04.005.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractPsychiatric facilities are often criticised of being poorly designed which may contribute to violent incidents and patients’ complaints of feeling bored and lacking meaningful interactions with peers and staff. There is a lack of understanding how to design environments for staff, patients and visitors to engage in positive social interactions (e.g. conversation, sharing, peer support). We conducted a systematic literature review on which architectural typologies and design solutions facilitate helpful social interactions between users of psychiatric facilities. Several interventions were identified such as choosing a community location; building smaller (up to 20 beds) homelike and well integrated facilities with single/double bedrooms and wide range of communal areas; provision of open nursing stations; ensuring good balance between private and shared spaces for patients and staff; and specific interior design interventions such as arranging furniture in small, flexible groupings, introduction of plants on wards, and installing private conversation booths. These interventions range from simple and non-costly to very complex ones. The evidence should inform the design of new hospitals and the retrofitting of existing ones.