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1
Oliveira, Paula Maria de. "Hospital de São Sebastião (1889-1905): um lugar para a ciência e um lazareto contra as epidemias." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2005. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/3988.
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Previous issue date: 2005Procura reconstituir a história do Hospital de São Sebastião, que foi fundado na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, em 1889, como um dos últimos atos do Imperador D. Pedro II. O objetivo central foi a análise da relação da criação e estruturação do Hospital de São Sebastião com o debate sobre a causalidade das doenças, em especial a febre amarela, e com o desenvolvimento da medicina pasteuriana. Desta forma reconstitui o processo de criação da instituição, suas características arquitetônicas, e seu papel no processo de estruturação dos aparelhos institucionais, no campo da saúde pública, especialmente no cenário das epidemias. Analisa a arquitetura da instituição, relacionando-a com os debates existentes na época sobre arquiteturas hospitalares e com as correntes médicas hegemônicas na época.
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Whitaker, David S. "The Use of Evidence-Based Design in Hospital Renovation Projects." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6692.
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Since the 1960s, researchers have been exploring how the design of the built environment impacts the health and well-being of occupants and users. By the 1980s, further research began to focus on healthcare facilities in particular and how design could influence patient healing and medical staff performance (Alfonsi, 2014). Evidence-Based Design (EBD) is "the process of basing decisions about the built environment on credible research to achieve the best possible outcomes" (CHD, 2016). The desired outcomes of Evidence-Based Design recommendations include improvements in the following: patient healing, patient experience and comfort, medical staff performance, and medical staff job satisfaction (CHD, 2017). Extensive research has been done on the subject of EBD; however, the question remains whether or not the latest research findings are being utilized by the design and construction industries in practice. The purpose of this research is to determine whether or not the latest scientific knowledge and research findings are being implemented into hospital renovation projects by the healthcare design and construction industries. A list of recommendations from existing EBD literature was compiled. Construction documents from 30 recent healthcare facility renovation projects across the United States were then obtained and analyzed. The findings indicate that EBD recommendations are being adopted in practice at consistently high levels. These findings also reveal that there are still areas of potential improvement which could inform those who influence or determine building and design codes, standards, and guidelines. The results are instructive to owners, designers, and contractors by providing a glimpse into how well the industry is recognizing and implementing known best practices. The findings likewise open up new opportunities for further research which could lead to additional improvement in the healthcare facilities of the future.
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Rastogi, Nandita P. "Alternative solutions to 1960's single corridor ward design in hospitals : a case study based on nurses's perspectives /." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03172010-020601/.
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Walrath, Bryan James. "A Project Planning Guide for Healthcare Facility Owners." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/14557.
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According to a recent study, about 30 percent of U.S. real estate projects are canceled midstream, while more than half run up to 190 percent over budget and 220 percent over the initial time estimate. The reasons for this are
manifold but poor decisions during the initiation and early planning of the project can be pointed to as main causes. Most poor decisions stem from lack of information, bad judgment, and lack of communication and transparency between what the client expects and what the project team can deliver. Proper
project planning procedures and methods will lead to proper contingency planning, management of partner relationships and contracts, management of dynamic change and associated risks that can, and most probably will, occur in
the course of the project.
The role of the owner cannot be overstated in all of these targets. Historically, the owners of healthcare facilities have a once in a lifetime involvement in the planning, design and construction (or major renovation) of
their facility. The interaction with planners, public bodies, architects, engineers, and other entities is a daunting prospect for which an owner will seek help from specialized firms that represent the owner.
This guide may serve as a healthcare project planning guide for owners, and in particular CEOs, to navigate the process. It will prepare the owner to recognize the major tasks and decision steps throughout project planning,
while keeping the focus on the desired outcome. Any owner should recognize that the slogan: if you dont know what you want, you will not get what you need is as true today as it ever was. This guide will include research, best practices from industry experts, and a case study on the New Orleans public healthcare planning process post-Hurricane Katrina.
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Hollander, Harm. "Construction flexibility and adaptability inside hospitals." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/201651/1/Harm_Hollander_Thesis.pdf.
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Construction flexibility inside a hospital building serves as an enabler for a health service to clinically progress. This research sought the opportunity of extending flexible design approaches by consolidating established knowledge into a refreshed flexibility pattern mapping. The resulting understanding provided a base for developing design propositions as examples of apt, flexible solutions. This research contributed to guiding flexibility towards enhanced practices and it partially addressed the softening of the logarithmic growth of financial burden for health services. Also, the research provided a model for a change-ready building fabric, allowing responsive opportunity towards the accelerating pace of clinical development.
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Yiu, Yee-ming. "Design and build as an alternative method of procuring major publicly funded hospital projects in Hong Kong : a case study /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25948751.
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Fernandes, Adhemar Dizioli. "As transformações arquitetonicas e tecnico-construtivas do edificio publico de saude na cidade de São Paulo." [s.n.], 2003. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/257951.
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Orientador: Andre Munhoz de Argollo FerrãoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil
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Resumo: O hospital converteu-se em instituição social através dos séculos, transformouse em um edifício complexo, abrigando especialidades e equipamentos médicos múltiplos que refletiram na sua concepção e projeto. Neste trabalho descrevem-se as transformações arquitetônicas e construtivas do edifício público de saúde na cidade de São Paulo, principalmente, a partir da segunda metade do século XIX, com o desenvolvimento da cultura cafeeira, o advento da República e a estruturação do Serviço de Saúde Pública. Especificamente, identificam-se as intervenções físicofuncionais e técnico-construtivas ocorridas no período de 1998 a 2002, em uma série de hospitais públicos, construídos a partir de uma mesma tipologia, na Região Metropolitana da Grande São Paulo. Os resultados mostram que esses hospitais, concebidos em 1986, continuam atuais diante das alterações e reestruturações implementadas no seu espaço físico, visando abrigar novas unidades funcionais e equipamentos, possibilitando a execução de novos procedimentos médico-hospitalares
Abstract: Throughout the centuries the hospital has turned into a social institution, becoming a complex building, sheltering specialties and multiple medical equipment that is reflected in its conception and design. In this paper the architectural and constructive transformations of the public health building are described in the city of São Paulo, mainly, from the second half of the XIX century, with the development of the coffee culture, the coming of the Republic and the structuring of the Public Health Service. Specifically identified are the physical-functional and technical-constructive nterventions that happened from 1998 to 2002, in a series of public hospitals all built from the same typology in the Metropolitan Area of Great São Paulo. The results show that those hospital buildings, conceived in 1986, continue to be updated due to the alterations and restructuring implemented in the spitals, seeking to shelter new functional units and equipment, making possible the execution of new medical/hospital procedures
Mestrado
Edificações
Mestre em Engenharia Civil
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Karnas, Diana Maria Girardi. "The psychology of the environment in children's health care setting : James Whitcomb Riley Hospital for Children - Cancer Unit." Virtual Press, 1992. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/845987.
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Hospitals are constantly evolving to keep pace with the latest medical technologies. Whether it is a refurbishment of an existing facility or the addition of a new unit, the design process usually focuses on the technological requirements rather than the human elements of such an undertaking. The Riley Hospital for Children in Indianapolis presents an architectural opportunity to incorporate psychology of the environment into the design and construction of a new Cancer Unit. By balancing the technological requirements with the physical and psychological needs of the pediatric bone marrow transplant and hematology/oncology patients, one can create a healing environment more conducive to a rapid recovery.Department of Architecture
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Tanner, Brian Charles. "A center for sleep research at Emory University Hospital." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24124.
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Brough, Richard. "The design and construction of a decision-support system for planning local hospital services." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1985. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/34791/.
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This research addressed a major and widespread problem in the NHS: information for operational planning. The approach has been to analyse the needs of management in this field in a particular health district and to develop a system in response to these needs of use in the particular District and generally in the NHS. The emphasis had been on the identification and quantification of relationships between elements of the District important to corporate planning, so that the feasibility and effects of planning choices can be assessed. Particular attention has been paid to the attitudes, values and concerns of senior managers and doctors in the NHS throughout the project. Research began in October 1979 on the development of a database and model of the former North East District of KCWAHA. This health district contained a large undergraduate teaching hospital (The Middlesex), two large psychiatric hospitals, and several smaller specialist hospitals. The purpose of the decision-support system is to enable management to explore rapidly the implications of operational planning optlons over several years. It does not recommend which option should be followed. Plans are tested in terms of the bed capacity of general wards and specialist units. The revenue costs of an option are estimated using a detailed analysis of which types of change cause which types of cost to vary within the District. The model then assesses the non-financial consequences for the operating theatres and service departments, and the effects on nurse training. The research has shown that it is feasible to build and maintain such a model and database with very limited clerical support. The output from the system has been found useful by management. This development has generated considerable support for further research. The assumptions of the model and the procedures for updating the database are fully documented. Procedures for implementing the system in another health district are also available. The model runs on the computer at Imperial College, University of London. The research programme continues with the extension of the model to cover the whole of the new Bloomsbury District (including University College Hospital), where the use of the system has had a substantial impact on decisionmaking at the most senior level.
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Jeffrey, James Howard. "Recurrent problems in the construction process : an action research study of the design and construction quality of hospital en-suites." Thesis, University of Salford, 2010. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26736/.
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Research was undertaken based upon the suspicion that there were recurrent problems with the design and construction of hospital en-suites. An investigation was planned to confirm whether or not this suspicion was true and that there were, in fact, recurrent problems. Following on from this it would be to find out if they existed, what they were and whether and how they could be overcome. These objectives needed to be formulated, and then positioned within a framework that identified if the practitioners within the industry even knew about the problems and if they did, whether they chose not to resolve them or could not overcome the barriers that prevented the resolution. A review of the Literature identified that little research had been undertaken in the area of problems with the design and construction of hospital en-suites. The broader perspective of problems within the construction industry was covered by the theories supporting construction Process Improvement. This area was reviewed and it was found that the results of practical implementation of Process Improvement were rather less successful than had originally been anticipated. The Sub-processes that combined together to make up the whole processes were considered and reviewed also. Theories relating to the improvement of the Sub-process of Design; Management, Quality and Briefing were reviewed. These reviews of the Process and Design Sub-processes identified that there were significant barriers within organisation that made improvements difficult to implement. The opportunity arose to review the suggested existence of problems with the design and construction of hospital en-suites by way of case Study research at the £330million Derby PFI hospital redevelopment. At this project approximately 400 en-suites were going to be constructed. Action Research was proposed to implement practical interventions aimed at identifying the problems and their solutions. During the course of the research a second project, the similarly sized £330 million PFI redevelopment of the Mansfield hospital project, also with approximately 400 en-suites. This provided the basis for a second Case Study. The original research approach of Action Research within a Case Study was modified to two Case Studies each embracing Action Research contained within an overarching Action Research strategy. Planned interventions in the construction processes were undertaken to identify whether knowledge could become embedded in that construction process that would eliminate any problems identified in the design and construction of hospital en-suites. The techniques for information gathering included workshops, constructing Mock-ups, Simulation exercises, Structured interview based on carefully prepared Questionnaires to form agenda's and Site Visits. From the research emerged the 'Notion of Solute' as a theoretical model for problem resolution which overcomes the difficulty of Knowledge Transfer. From the investigations within the two Case Studies into hospital en-suites a solution to the problems required the transfer of the knowledge of three components: The nature of the problems, The implications of not remedying the problems. Recommendations for resolving the problems. These three components, which formulate the solutions, were suggested to be defined as a 'Solute'. This is a distinct and focussed 'package of knowledge' that can be readily transferred, both between individuals and also between projects. This 'Solute' is a theoreticz model that could be transferred to other problems within hospitals, other problems within construction projects and even to problems in other industries. Each 'Solute' is then populated with the specific parameters required to enable a problem to be understood and a solution to be implemented. Keywords: Knowledge, Design, Quality, Hospital, En-suite.
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Shah, Phalguni S. "Children's preventive health care center with aspect of play for a child." Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/897516.
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Children are the most important asset for the society's future. They develop into maturity depending upon how they are moulded by their families, society, and the environment. They are very sensitive and could easily get influenced or affected by the slightest change. Therefore it is important to maintain a normal set-up for them under all of their routine and disturbed mental and physical conditions.Sickness and hospitals are one thing that affect a child's psychology. Children dread to get into the harsh technological environments of today's medical environments. Hospitals are constantly evolving to keep pace with the latest medical technologies. Additions or refurbishments or a totally new set-up usually focuses on the technological requirements rather than the human element of such an undertaking. The Riley Hospital for Children in Indianapolis presents an architectural opportunity to incorporate psychology of the environment into the design and construction of a new outpatient unit. By balancing the technological requirements with the physical and pschological needs of a child patient, one can create a healing environment more conducive to a rapid recovery. This thesis explores one of the possibilities of creating such an environment.Department of Architecture
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Heckel, Marjorie J. "Spiritual gardens in a healthcare setting." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1260488.
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Healthcare facility designers are acknowledging the connection between environment and well-being. They, along with environmental psychologists and landscape architects, are trying to define how environment can influence health status. Research on therapeutic outcomes has helped define specific design guidelines for a garden intended to help hospital patients and staff. One aspect that has not been fully investigated, however, is the spirituality of these spaces. Often in hospital settings prayer goes hand in hand with medicine, especially in faith-based health ministries like St. Vincent Randolph Hospital (SVR). To overlook the importance and value of the spiritual aspect in a healthcare setting would be to miss the core of what SVR stands for. The purpose of this project is to identify guidelines for therapeutic gardens that support the physical, spiritual and mental health and well being of patients at St. Vincent Randolph Hospital and to apply these guidelines to the design of a garden for the patients, families, associates, visitors and the surrounding community.Department of Landscape Architecture
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Parks, Clare A. "Improving building function : an analysis of design management processes and operational planning in the development of hospital food service systems." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/597.
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The complexity of future societies will be reflected not only in the buildings that are created but also in the processes that evolve such buildings. Within the construction industry, and specifically in relation to large, complex multi-user buildings, operational planning and design processes will assume greater importance than ever before. Given that increasing complexity is likely to lead to increasing specialism and differentiation amongst the main contributing parties in a construction procurement project, it is also likely that there will be more disruption of the communication and organisation processes central to project procurement. These effects will be transmitted through the procurement process and manifest themselves in various ways in the final product. The most important of these will be the damaging effect which they will have on building function, where function determines the buildings' ability to serve as a facilitator of intended user group activities. Research has been undertaken to rationalise building design, operational planning and building function in the construction procurement process. Maintaining unity between the different parties responsible for building design and operational planning decisions is hypothesised as the key factor in evolving successful project procurement outcomes in terms of building function. Research into hospital food service building procurement processes has demonstrated that when building design and operational planning processes are not developed in concordance with one another, then deficiencies in the functioning of the food service system resulted. Seventeen design/operation mis-match outcome deficiencies were identified across three hospital construction projects. On further analysis of these project outcome deficiencies, it was apparent that the majority were due to problems that had arisen because design team members and user specialists had been unable to relate different aspects of system functioning adequately. In particular, there appeared to be an inability to incorporate effectively the catering technological and associated service aspects into the design solution, i.e. the elements that were not purely architectural. Some of these functional relationship problems were relatively simple and did not require significant design or user expertise. The most problematic deficiencies emerged when different components of the food service system (central production unit, distribution system and ward service) were not effectively integrated. Proposals are made for a planning framework which will maintain greater congruence between building design, operational planning and building function during the procurement process by allowing project contributors to assess the impact of different building design and operational planning decisions on the human/building interface. The planning framework focuses decision making around a set of critical relationships identified between the components of the building solution, so that any potential divergence caused by environmental pressures can be offset by corrective action using the critical relationships as the parameters upon which successful function must be based. This approach is a pre-requisite for the future construction procurement process in order to improve building function, particularly for complex, multi-user buildings.
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Choi, Young-Seon. "The physical environment and patient safety: an investigation of physical environmental factors associated with patient falls." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45974.
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Patient falls are the most commonly reported "adverse events" in hospitals, according to studies conducted in the U.S. and elsewhere. The rate of falls is not high (2.3 to 7 falls per 1,000 patient days), but about a third of falls result in injuries or even death, and these preventable events drive up the cost of healthcare and, clearly, are harmful outcomes for the patients involved. This study of a private hospital, Dublin Methodist Hospital, in Dublin, Ohio analyzes data about patient falls and the facility's floor plans and design features and makes direct connections between hospital design and patient falls. This particular hospital, which was relatively recently constructed, offered particular advantages in investigating unit-layout-related environmental factors because of the very uniform configuration of its rooms, which greatly narrowed down the variables under study.
This thesis investigated data about patients who had suffered falls as well as patients with similar characteristics (e.g., age, gender, and diagnosis) who did not suffer falls. This case-control study design helps limit differences between patients. Then patient data was correlated to the location of the fall and environmental characteristics of the locations, analyzed in terms of their layout and floor plan. A key part of this analysis was the development of tools to measure the visibility of the patient's head and body to nurses, the relative accessibility of the patient, the distance from the patient's room to the medication area, and the location of the bathroom in patient rooms (many falls apparently occur during travel to and from these areas).
From the analysis of all this data there emerged a snapshot of the specific rooms in the hospital being analyzed where there was an elevated risk of a patient falling. While this finding is useful for the administrators of that particular facility, the study also developed a number of generally applicable conclusions. The most striking conclusion was that, for a number of reasons, patients whose heads were not visible from caregivers working from their seats in nurses' stations and/or from corridors had a higher risk of falling, in part because staff were unable to intervene in situations where a fall appeared likely to occur. This was also the case with accessibility; patients less accessible within a unit had a higher risk of falling. The implications for hospital design are clear: design inpatient floors to maximize a visible access to patients (especially their heads) from seats in nurses' stations and corridors.
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Yiu, Yee-ming, and 姚怡明. "Design and build as an alternative method of procuring major publicly funded hospital projects in Hong Kong: a casestudy." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31251547.
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Darragh, Alison. "Prison or palace? Haven or hell? : an architectural and social study of the development of public lunatic asylums in Scotland, 1781-1930." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1715.
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In 1897 John Sibbald, Commissioner in Lunacy for Scotland, stated that ‘the construction of an asylum is a more interesting subject of study for the general reader than might be supposed.’ This thesis traces the development of the public asylum in Scotland from 1781 to 1930. By placing the institution in its wider social context it provides more than a historical account, exploring how the buildings functioned as well as giving an architectural analysis based on date, plan and style. Here the architecture represents more, and provides a physical expression of successive stages of public philanthropy and legislative changes during what was arguably one of the most rapidly evolving stages of history. At a time when few medical treatments were available, public asylum buildings created truly therapeutic environments, which allowed the mentally ill to live in relative peace and security. The thesis explores how public asylums in Scotland introduced the segregation or ‘classification’ of patients into separate needs-based groups under a system known as Moral Treatment. It focuses particularly on the evolving plan forms of these institutions from the earliest radial, prison-like structures to their development into self-sustaining village-style colonies and shows how the plan reflects new attitudes to treatment. While many have disappeared, the surviving Victorian and Edwardian mega-structures lie as haunting reminders of a largely forgotten era in Scottish psychiatry. Only a few of the original buildings are still in use today as specialist units, out-patient centres, and administrative offices for Scotland’s Health Boards. Others have been redeveloped as universities or luxury housing schemes, making use of the good-quality buildings and landscaping. Whatever their current use, public asylums stand today as an outward sign of the awakening of the Scottish people to the plight of the mentally ill in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
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Lu, Yi. "Directed visibility analysis: three case studies on the relationship between building layout, perception and behavior." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/39569.
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This is a study of the spatial affordances of buildings that allow them to organize and transmit cultural ideas and to support the performance of organizational roles. The particular affordances under consideration are those that arise from the manner in which buildings structure the visual fields that are potentially available to a situated observer.
In studying directed visibility patterns, supported by the development of appropriate analytical tools, we focus on a previously specified set of visual targets and ask how many become visible from each occupiable location. Parametric restrictions concerning the direction into which a subject faces and the viewing angle sustained by the target object are also taken into consideration. The aim is to demonstrate how such refinements of visibility analysis, lead to more precise and penetrating insights as to how building users tune their behavior to the spatial affordances of environment, and how the environment impacts their understanding in turn. Three different studies were presented. The fist used directed visibility measures to evaluate the affordances of different nursing-unit designs relative to how well nurses are able to survey patients in different rooms as they go about their duties. The second study focuses on the manner in which nurses and physicians position themselves in a Neuro Intensive Care Unit (ICU), particularly when interacting. The third study investigates how aware exhibition visitors become of the visual structure of environment and how the visibility structure of exhibitions affects the ability of visitors to conceptually group paintings according to their thematic content.
The case studies support the following conclusions.
1) The way in which people position themselves in an environment as they perform their assigned tasks is tuned to the way in which visual fields are structured.
2) The visual structure of environment is contingent upon the interaction between the underlying structure of visual fields and paths of movement.
3) Directed visibility analysis leads to stronger correlations with behavior and performance than generic visibility analysis. This implies that environments are layered. Their underlying spatial structure is charged by the distribution of the contents that are programmatically primary.
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Ladson, Lisa McNeill. "The evolution of a form." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53262.
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Well designed forms and spaces can maintain their inate beauty and harmony though activities in and around them will come and go.
These spaces are timeless.
My search is not directly for a form but rather for a pattern, dictated to by the idea, governed by rules about the space and limited only by site. A form that gracefully embraces itself and the reason for its genesis.
Continually evolving.
The hospital will be my instrument. I sense what a hospital is but I do not know what it will become. A functional organism by nature, it must be understood and simplified so that Architecture can triumph. Therefore, a strong, viable plan for form and space is essential.Master of Architecture
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Okcu, Selen. "Developing evidence based design metrics and methods for improving healthcare soundscapes." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/43695.
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Healing and clinical work requires a complex choreography of architectural acoustic design in healthcare settings. In most healthcare settings, medical staff members conduct vital tasks that may have life-and-death implications. Patients visit the hospitals to heal. Their expectations include fast recovery, restful sleep, and privacy (i.e., speech privacy). However, sound environment qualities of the care settings often fall far from supporting the mission of hospitals. There is strong and growing evidence showing that effective soundscapes in healthcare settings potentially impact errors, healing and stress for patients, families and staff but it is still not clear what measures of the sound environment best predict key healthcare outcomes and what design strategies best impact those measures. By using a multi-method approach (i.e., objective and subjective noise level measurements, in-situ impulse response measurements, heuristic design analysis, theoretical studies, acoustic simulations and statistical analysis), this study aims to develop evidence based design strategies by statistically defining the relationships between three types of variables: (1) architectural floor-plate design metrics, (2) acoustic metrics, and (3) occupant response.
The research is conducted in three phases. The first phase of the study compared the objective and subjective qualities of the hospital sound environments with different architectural designs, assessed the effectiveness of a newer acoustic metrics in capturing caregiver perceptions, and evaluated the impact of particular noise sources on caregiver outcomes. The second phase of the study tested the validity of an acoustic simulation tool in estimating the acoustic qualities of the healthcare soundscapes. The third phase of the study systematically explored the relationship between floor-plate design and acoustics of complex inter-connected nursing unit corridors. Even though the relationship between design and acoustics of proportional spaces (a.k.a. rooms with more traditional dimensions) has been well documented, the number of studies linking design and acoustics of complex non-proportional spaces such as inter-connected corridors still remains limited.
The findings of the first phase show that critical care sound environments with different designs can vary drastically and impact caregivers` perceived wellbeing and task performance (e.g., patient auditory monitoring). Despite their extensive use, traditional noise metrics sometimes may not be effective in capturing unique characteristics of healthcare sound environments. This study validated the effectiveness of a new more detailed noise metric, "occurrence rate", in capturing the differences between acoustic characteristics of healthcare sound environments. Moreover, particular noise sources such as impulsive noises are likely to dominate the ICU sound environments and interfere with perceived caregiver health and performance. The findings of the second phase suggest the potential effectiveness of acoustic simulation tools (with hybrid prediction programs) in estimating the acoustic qualities of complex inter-connected hospital corridors. The findings of the third phase suggest the potential significant impact of design features of particular hallways (e.g., number of turns, corridor length, and number of branches) and overall floor-shape characteristics of inter-connected corridors (i.e., relative grid distance, and visual fragmentation) on reverberation time. Overall, in the units with shorter, more compact, fragmented corridors with multiple number of branching hallways, reverberation times are likely to be less. Moreover receivers located at the corridors with less number of turns from the sound source also potentially experience lower reverberation times. According to previous research, the human auditory system`s ability to monitor auditory cues is likely to be higher in the less reverberant sound environments.
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Rector, Matthew D. "The early development, design, and construction of the Marion Branch of the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers." Virtual Press, 2002. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1231398.
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This study has presented a history of the early development, design, and construction of the Marion, Indiana Branch of the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers. A general history of the institution of the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers provides the context for the establishment of the Marion Home. A historical review of the selection of the Marion site, its layout plan, design and construction of buildings, and landscape design between 1888 and 1900 was then provided. The development of the Marion Home is next compared with the 1890's developmental history of the Central Branch in Dayton, Ohio and the first ten years of the Danville, Illinois Branch in order to assess commonalities and differences in construction among three homes during the same period. In the conclusion, the evidence suggests that the layout and architectural design of three homes had many similarities during the 1890s and the turn of twentieth century.Department of Architecture
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Gomes, Isabelle Pimentel. "Influência do ambiente na percepção das crianças em quimioterapia ambulatorial." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2011. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/5093.
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Previous issue date: 2011-03-01Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Childhood cancer is a chronic disease that, when diagnosed implies on major repercussions on the child and his family lives. The outpatient chemotherapy is an alternative to minimize damages relating to impaired family links, since the child is replaced by the possibility of receiving the proposed treatment and be released to return home after few hours. In pursuit of excellence in health care, it has been recently appointed that the influence of physical space on the different actors in the hospital environment, such as patients, staff and carers, is of growing importance. The Instituto de Pediatria e Pericultura Martagão Gesteira built a new area for the chemotherapy room which was remodeled and decorated based on the movie Finding Nemo, known now as Aquário Carioca (Carioca Aquarium). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of environment of the Carioca Aquarium in the perception of the child in relation to the context of the care and well being of the same during the sessions of chemotherapy. This is a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive research. The subjects were seven children of school age who had or were undergoing chemotherapy at the Carioca Aquarium. Data collection was performed in May 2010, using an adaptation of the story-drawing technique for the production of empirical data. To interpret the speech of children followed by the thematic analysis. Emerged from an empirical category: hospital ecology in Carioca Aquarium. The subcategories were: the process: from diagnosis to survival; the Carioca Aquarium environment; care in the aquarium. The results showed that cancer brings much suffering to children and their families at different stages from diagnosis to survival. However, the physical environment was significant and representative for adherence to treatment and was a significant tool for coping with the child and his family in childhood cancer. The children enjoyed playing around the place, even when their presence was not needed in the room. Moreover, stories and personal relationships created and experienced in that hospital ecology were essential to minimize the negative impact of cancer and its treatment in child development. Children, even in cancer chemotherapy, did not perceive themselves as sick, only when there was exacerbation of symptoms or troublesome toxicities. The games made a bridge between the professional and the child by providing a closer approximation, therefore the creation of links, through a careful and sensitive listening. The hospital ecology of the Carioca Aquarium initiatives strengthens the host of the professionals in the child and his family, providing the production of humanized and comprehensive care. It is recognized that the Carioca Aquarium can be a powerful therapeutic environment.
O câncer infantil é uma doença crônica que quando é diagnosticada traz repercussões para a vida da criança e de sua família. A quimioterapia ambulatorial é uma alternativa para minimizar danos relacionados à quebra de vínculos familiares, uma vez que a criança passa a ter possibilidade de receber o tratamento proposto e ser liberada para retornar ao lar após algumas horas. Na busca pela excelência na atenção à saúde, tem sido apontada recentemente a influência que o espaço físico tem sobre os diferentes atores no ambiente hospitalar, tais como os pacientes, o corpo técnico e os acompanhantes. O Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira destinou uma nova área para a sala de quimioterapia que foi reformada e decorada baseada no filme Procurando Nemo, denominada Aquário Carioca. Este estudo objetivou investigar a influência do ambiente do Aquário Carioca na percepção da criança em relação ao contexto do cuidado e bem estar da mesma durante as sessões de quimioterapia. Trata-se de pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva. Os sujeitos foram sete crianças em idade escolar, que fizeram ou estavam fazendo quimioterapia no Aquário Carioca. A coleta de dados foi efetuada no mês de maio de 2010, utilizando-se uma adaptação da técnica do desenho-estória para produção do material empírico. Para interpretação dos discursos das crianças seguiu-se os fundamentos da análise temática. Emergiu uma categoria empírica: Ecologia hospitalar no Aquário Carioca. As subcategorias foram: o processo: do diagnóstico à sobrevivência; o ambiente do aquário carioca; o cuidado no aquário carioca. Os resultados apontaram que o câncer traz muito sofrimento para a criança e sua família nas diferentes fases, desde o diagnóstico até a sobrevivência, contudo o espaço físico foi representativo e expressivo para a adesão ao tratamento e constituiu-se em ferramenta significativa para o enfrentamento da criança e sua família frente ao câncer infantil. As crianças gostavam de ficar brincando no local, mesmo quando não era necessária sua presença na sala. Ademais, as histórias e relações pessoais vividas e criadas nessa ecologia hospitalar foram imprescindíveis para minimização do impacto negativo do câncer e seu tratamento no desenvolvimento da criança. As crianças, mesmo em quimioterapia antineoplásica, não se percebiam como doentes, apenas quando havia exacerbação de sintomas ou toxicidades incômodas. O lúdico fez uma ponte entre o profissional e a criança proporcionando uma maior aproximação, portanto a criação de vínculos, por meio de uma escuta sensível e atenta. A ecologia hospitalar do Aquário Carioca fortalece as iniciativas de acolhimento dos profissionais frente à criança e sua família, possibilitando a produção do cuidado integral e humanizado. Reconhece-se o Aquário Carioca como um ambiente terapêutico.
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Gomes, Isabelle Pimentel. "Influência de um ambiente lúdico sobre o poder vital de crianças em quimioterapia ambulatorial, seus acompanhantes e da equipe de enfermagem." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2015. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/5171.
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Previous issue date: 2015-12-05Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The diagnosis and treatment of childhood cancer brings much suffering for the child and his family. For some people, cancer is seen as an indication of approaching death. The nursing care, occur in this reality. The search for the humanization of the hospital environment can help to minimize the suffering of children, their caregivers and nursing staff. Florence Nightingale said that one of the defining of a person's health status and disease is the environment around them, their conditions and influences. We aimed o analyze the influence of a playful outpatient setting on the vital power of children in chemotherapy, their caregivers and nursing staff. This is a qualitative study conducted in a children's outpatient chemotherapy service (Aquário Carioca), between May and June 2010 and October 2013. The subjects were 10 caregivers of the children attending the outpatient chemotherapy and 9 members of the nursing staff working in the Carioca Aquarium. We used the in-depth interview for the production of empirical material. Followed the principles of thematic analysis for interpretation of the material produced. The concepts described in Environmentalist Theory, along with literature, substantiate the results and discussion. We were create three empirical categories. The first: Vital Power of children in playful environment for chemotherapy; with two sub-categories: external environment to children with cancer and internal environment to children with cancer. The second: playful outpatient chemotherapy of child and the vital power of the caregivers, with two subcategories: favoring the vital power and weakening of the vital power. The third: care in child chemotherapy room: vital power of the nursing team, with three sub categories: environmental context for child care in outpatient chemotherapy; principle of operation in child chemotherapy room; feelings of nursing staff in the care of everyday. Empirical data from field research support the contention that a playful and proper care environment for the child outpatient chemotherapy, humanizes nursing care and influences the vital power of children with cancer, caregivers and nursing staff.
O diagnóstico e tratamento do câncer infantil traz muito sofrimento para a criança e sua família. Para algumas pessoas, o câncer é visto como uma indicação de morte próxima. É nesse cenário que a Enfermagem precisa cuidar; portanto, a busca pela humanização do ambiente hospitalar pode contribuir para minimizar o sofrimento das crianças, dos seus acompanhantes e da equipe de enfermagem. Florence Nightingale afirmava que um dos definidores do estado saúde-doença de uma pessoa é o ambiente ao seu redor, suas condições e influências. Objetivou-se analisar a influência de um ambiente ambulatorial lúdico sobre o poder vital de crianças em quimioterapia, de seus acompanhantes e da equipe de enfermagem. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, realizada em um serviço de quimioterapia ambulatorial infantil (Aquário Carioca), no período de maio e junho de 2010 e outubro de 2013. Os sujeitos foram 10 acompanhantes das crianças que frequentavam o ambulatório de quimioterapia e 9 membros da equipe de enfermagem que trabalhavam no Aquário Carioca. Utilizou-se a entrevista em profundidade para produção de material empírico. Foram seguidos os princípios da Análise Temática para categorização do material produzido. Os conceitos descritos na Teoria Ambientalista de Florence Nightingale, junto com a literatura pertinente, fundamentaram os resultados e a discussão. Foram criadas 3 categorias empíricas. A primeira: Poder vital das crianças no ambiente lúdico para quimioterapia; com duas subcategorias: ambiente externo à criança com câncer e ambiente interno à criança com câncer. A segunda: Ambulatório lúdico de quimioterapia infantil e o poder vital dos acompanhantes, com duas subcategorias: favorecimento do poder vital e fragilização do poder vital. A terceira: Cuidado em sala de quimioterapia infantil: poder vital da equipe de enfermagem, com três sub categorias: Contexto do ambiente para o cuidado à criança em quimioterapia ambulatorial; Modo de trabalho na sala de quimioterapia infantil; Sentimentos da equipe de enfermagem no cotidiano de cuidado. Os dados empíricos da pesquisa de campo comprovam a tese de que um ambiente lúdico e propício ao cuidado, durante a quimioterapia ambulatorial infantil, humaniza a assistência de enfermagem e exerce influência sobre o poder vital de crianças com câncer, acompanhantes e equipe de enfermagem.
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Adams, Noah John. "The effect of pressure differential and provider movement on isolation room containment efficiency." Oklahoma City : [s.n.], 2008.
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Cai, Hui. "Making “invisible architecture” visible: a comparative study of nursing unit typologies in the United States and China." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/48972.
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China is engaged in the largest healthcare construction program in history, expecting to build more than 2,000 hospitals and a large number of healthcare facilities at all scale over the next few years. This once-in-a-lifetime construction boom provides a valuable opportunity to rethink Chinese hospital design, and especially to consider how to design modern hospitals that are effective and efficient in delivering care, and are responsive to the cultural needs of the Chinese people as well. This dissertation seeks to rigorously define these issues and develop metrics that link design to key healthcare processes. This study uses a range of concepts and analysis tools drawn from cross-culture organizational communications, evidence-based design, space syntax and other research traditions. This thesis develops and refines metrics for four main drivers of nursing unit design: space economy, staff efficiency, natural light and cultural preferences for communication. Communication among Chinese healthcare workers is strongly influenced by cultural preferences for patterns of authority and decision-making reflected in organizational culture and rooted in Confucian principles of hierarchical social structure (Dengji), social network (Guanxi) and face (Mianzi). While the dissertation builds on a longstanding tradition of research focusing on healthcare space economy and staff efficiency, new measures for cultural preferences are proposed and tested. Based on emerging theories of cross-cultural organizational communication by Hofstede and other scholars, and space syntax, this study particularly explores how cultural preferences for face-to-face communication are reflected in the design of Chinese nursing units. Based on the proposed metrics, the dissertation analyzes six pairs of Chinese and US nursing units, matched on layout type. While the Chinese nursing units appear Western, deeper quantitative analysis of their layouts reveals significant national differences in the application of unit typologies in China when compared to those in the U.S. It shows that Chinese hospital design is rooted in cultural preferences such as for positive energy (qi) based on Fengshui theory, and in Confucian principles of hierarchy, social networking and face.
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Fowler, Smith Juliet. "Inhabiting space and place : from installation to the clinical setting." Thesis, View thesis View thesis, 2002. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/25608.
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This paper explores the relationship between place in installation art and its relevance to the practice of placemaking in a hospital setting. The discussion draws on phenomenology, psychodynamic theory and contemporary art, in particular the author's art experience of places, their formal qualities and potential meanings, along with, an examination of what creates an embodied sense of being contained at home ( emotionally and physically). Some of the questions posed for discussion include; what is it about places that becomes inherent to memory and shapes its form? How do places impact on what we do there and who we are? Is place more significant in memory for a young child or someone in a vulnerable state of being (as in the hospital setting)? Process issues, along with physical outcomes, in installations and in the hospital projects are discussed.
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Mukanya, Ronald. "Perceiving sustainability and practicing community based rehabilitation : a critical examination of the Western Cape Rehabilitation Centre (WCRC) as a case study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20323.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Problem Statement: From a sustainability point of view, hospitals offer their services without taking into consideration their impact on the environment, the interplay between various sectors, key elements of sustainable development and interconnectedness. This study represents an attempt to design a “virtual” green hospital facility that does more with fewer resources. Aims and Objectives: Contribute towards achieving sustainable and better quality healthcare services. To generate evidence and increase our understanding of the sustainability of hospital resource flows. Design a “virtual” green hospital. Research Method: The research approach consists of a comprehensive literature review, mixed with substantiated field research and interviews. The literature review provided an understanding, recommendations and interventions for the virtual project. These can be used to promote greater sustainability through WCRC’s healthcare system, energy efficiency and green hospital buildings. Interviews and questionnaires were used to collect the qualitative data. The interpretive technique was used to analyse the collected data. Consumption statistics of electricity, water and waste were used to collect the quantitative data. It was analysed using the green building rating tool. The rating tool awards points according to incorporated measures, and arrives at a total score after appropriate weighting. The green building rating tool was used to establish the rating of WCRC as it stands and what it could ideally be as a retrofit? The data was presented as demographic information in tables, charts and graphs, drawn from the collected data. Findings: The findings that emerged suggest that: a) green hospital buildings promote greater sustainability than the current modern healthcare hospital buildings at WCRC and retrofitting would promote greater sustainability; b) the majority of WCRC’s current healthcare provision is done in the conventional ‘business as usual approach’; c) the greatest weaknesses of the hospital is its heavy dependence (95% average) on nonrenewable energy sources of fuel, electricity and water; d) procurement isn’t focused in the bio-region; e) sustainability isn’t viewed as the cornerstone to influence policy; and f) the flow of resources gets conducted through socio-economic systems. Conclusion: The current design of the hospital needs to be retrofitted into a green building, which will promote greater sustainability. A higher rated green star building for WCRC would promote greater sustainability. Healthcare provision is done in the conventional ‘business as usual approach’. Therefore the healthcare system faces threats in the immediate future, which include the impact of climate change, over dependency on fossil fuels and increasing urban sprawl. A virtual green hospital is designed to reduce the overall impact of its built environment on human health and the natural environment by: • Efficiently using energy, water, and other resources; • Protecting occupant health and improving employee productivity; • Reducing waste, pollution and environmental degradation. Recommendations: In this sustainability criterion, a paradigm shift is required for WCRC hospital to go green and become sustainable. At a local scale WCRC needs to green the current hospital building by retrofitting. WCRC needs to energy switch from nonrenewables to sustainable renewable resources. Bioregional consumption and procurement needs to be practiced whilst establishing a local health movement to engage suppliers and focus on sustainability.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Probleem stelling: Gesien van volhoubaarheids oogpunt, bied hospitale dienste aan sonder om te besin oor die impak op die omgeweing, die tussenspel tussen verskeie sektore, sleautel elemente van volhoubare ontwikkeling en die onderlinge aanknopings. Hierdie studie verteenwoordig ‘n poging om ‘n skyn groen hospitaal te ontwerp wat meer kan doen met minder hulpbronne. Oogmerk en Doelstellings: Om ‘n bydrae te lewer om ‘n volhoubare en beter kwaliteit gesondheidsdiens te bereik. Om bewyse te genereer en begrip aangaande die volhoubaarheid van hospitaal bronne vloei to verhoog/ Ontwerp van ‘n “skyn” groen hospitaal. Ondersoek Metode: Die benadering in die ondersoek bestaan uit ‘n omvattende literatuurstudie met ondersteunbare veld ondersoeke en onderhoude. Die literatuurstudie voorsien in die begrip, aanbevelings en tussentredes vir die skyn projek. Dit kan gebruik word om groter volhoubaarheid van die WKRS se gesondheidsisteem, energie effektiwiteit en groen hospitale te bevorder. Kwalitatiewe data was ingewin met behulp van onderhoude en vraelyste. Interpretasie was die tegniek wat gebruik was om data te analiseer. Verbruikstatistiek van elektrisiteit, water en afval was gebruik on kwantitatiewe data te kollekteer. Die analise daarvan was gedoen deur die gebruik van die groen gebou graderingsinstrument. Die graderingsinstrument ken punte toe volgens opgeneemde maatreëls en bepaal die finale gradering na gepaste afwegings. Die instrument was gebruik om die gradering van WKRS te bepaal soos dit is en wat die ideale terugbou sou wees. Die data word in tabelle en grafieke voorgelê soos wat dit verkry was van die gekollekteerde data. Bevindinge: Die bevindinge wat na vore gekom het dui aan dat: Groen hospitaal geboue bevorder groter volhoubaarheid dan die huidige moderne hospitaal geboue van WKRS en terugbouing sal groter volhoubaarheid bevorder. Die meerderheid van gesondheidsdiensvoorsiening deur WKRS geskied volgense die konvensionele benadering van “besigheid soos normal” Die grootste swakheid van die hospitaal is die swaar afhanklikheid van die hospitaal op nie-hernubare energie (95%) soos brandstof, elektrisiteit en water, Verkryging is nie gefokus op die bio-streek nie, Volhoubaarheid word nie beskou as die hoeksteen om belied te beinvloed nie en Die vloei van hulpbronne word herlei deur sosio-ekonomies sisteme. Sluiting: Die huidige ontwerp van die hospitaal moet terugverbou word na ‘n groen gebou wat groter volhoubaarheid sal bevorder. ‘n Hoër groenster bougradering vir WKRS sal groter volhoubaarheid bevorder. Voorsiening van gesondheidsdienste volgens die “besigheid soos normaal” benadering veroorsaak dat die gesondheids-sisteem bedreigiongs in die gesig staar soos die impak van klimaatsverandering, oorafhanklikheid van fosiel energie en verhoodge stadspreiding. Aanbevelings: Volgens die kriteria is ‘n paradigma verskuiwing nodig by WKRS om groen en volhoubaar te raak. Op ‘n plaaslike skaal is dit nodig vir WKRS om die huidige hospitaal terug te bou om groen te raak. Dit is nodig om energie veranderings te ondergaan van nie hernubare tot volhoubare, hernubare energie bronne. Die Biostreek verbruiking en verkryging moet gepraktiseer word terwyl plaaslike gesondheidsbewegings gevestig word om te onderhandel met verskaffers en te fokus op volhoubaarheid.
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Westerhoff, Kevin M. (Kevin Matthew) 1978. "Construction based design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84827.
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Aplin, Carl Dereck. "A Formal Construction for a new Veterinary Hospital." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34084.
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Architecture, as the art of making a building, consists of an assemblage of elements that interact and interlock to create something wholeâ from an assembly of parts, emerges a unified composition. In this thesis exploration, I strive to take this simple idea, fundamental to all buildingsâ to the very process of building itselfâ and utilize it as a driving force.This proposal was conceived both as a response to the site and program,as well as an effort to control an arrangement of parts in order to create an integrated, functioning whole that is greater than the sum of its parts. The resulting architecture derives its existence and identity from the articulation of these individual elements and the manner in which they interact and connect. Furthermore, this choreography generates a certain sequence of spaces creating moments of pause, compression, and release.
There is a certain level of complexity that results from the formal play of setting elements into motion against the site and each other. Accepting this condition, the designerâ s will must be exerted in an effort to gain/maintain control of this composition. As such, this architecture explores the possibilities of complexity generated through the formal arrangement of parts.
Master of Architecture
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Hashemi, Nezhad Ashrafi S. "Ethical principles for hospital design." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2017. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3022732/.
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The subject of this thesis is 'Ethical Principles for Hospital Design'. The mission of this research is to identify the ethical principles for hospital design in the form of a structured framework for ethical discourse about the medical environment. I think this thesis addresses a gap in the current literature, in which, there is not really an already existing structured framework for ethical discourse about the hospital environment. The ethical principles for hospital design can guide designers to identify their ethical duties toward users of the hospital environment (e.g. patients, staff, and visitors). For this sake, I will be engaging with literature that is critical of using the concept of dignity in biomedical contexts, as well as, Nussbaum's capability understanding of dignity. In the introductory chapter, I will explain my reasons for working on this subject and briefly introduce the content of each chapter. In the second chapter, I will discuss the concept of human dignity from the viewpoint of Kant. I will then consider the standpoint of Nussbaum in relation to the meaning and the theory of human dignity. In the third chapter, I will link the idea of human dignity to the notion of human entitlements in the hospital environment. In this regard, I will explain and develop the implications of human dignity in Nussbaum's thought and, accordingly, I will suggest a list of the entitlements of people in hospitals. Such a list of entitlements is the first part of the ethical method in hospital design which I call the dignity approach. The second part is addressed in the fourth chapter, in which I will suggest and elaborate upon three ethical principles; namely, design for vulnerability, design for healing, and design for reverence. These will form my proposed basic ethical principles of hospital design grounded in respect for human dignity and entitlements. Suggesting the dignity approach, I will, also, be critiquing and seeking to supplement in a certain way the influential Evidence-Based Design approach in hospital design. The last chapter will supply a conclusion of the arguments of this thesis and indicate some directions for future research.
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Xie, Xiaoling. "Communications in construction design." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2002. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7571.
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Construction design has become an increasingly complex synthesis activity for which effective solutions depend upon co-operative participation by a number of people. Thus communication, including the integration of specialised knowledge and negotiation of differences between team members, is a vital process for collaborative design. A questionnaire survey was initially conducted to investigate communication issues and problems, which had been highlighted from a review of the literature, in current construction design. The results confirmed that communication among the different construction team members is often difficult although of paramount important to design outcomes. Based on these results, case studies have been carried out to gain further insights into communication issues and problems, and explore why and how they are caused. Through the application of multiple approaches, a model has been developed, which suggests strategies that may help participants communicate more effectively and ultimately improve the quality of construction design outcomes.
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Österman, Hanna. "Third party logistics at a large hospital construction project." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-144579.
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Byggbranschen är en viktig näringsgren med stor direkt och indirekt påverkan på tillväxten och problem inom byggsektorn riskerar därför att fortplanta sig som negativa effekter på samhällsekonomin. Sedan länge brottas byggsektorn med en mycket svag produktivitetsutveckling. En direkt delorsak till detta är att en stor andel av arbetstiden på en byggarbetsplats läggs på annat än direkt värdeskapande arbete, såsom att vänta på eller att leta efter material. Detta beror i sin tur delvis på att leveransprecisionen är låg och logistiken är eftersatt inom byggbranschen. Därmed ligger det inom räckhåll att förbättra produktiviteten med bättre rutiner kring materialförsörjning och logistik. Denna studie har fokuserat på hur resursutnyttjandet i byggbranschen skulle kunna öka med hjälp av strukturerade arbetssätt inom bygglogistik och anlitande av tredjepartslogistiker. Specifikt har studien analyserat det logistikupplägg med en tredjepartslogistiker som använts vid den omfattande ombyggnation av Universitetssjukhuset i Linköping (US), som benämns Framtidens US (FUS). FUS omfattar ny- och ombyggnation i direkt anslutning till pågående sjukvårdsverksamhet och akuta vårdflöden får inte hindras. För att störa vården minimalt anlitades tredjepartslogistikern Bygglogistik för att samordna alla materialtransporter. Den föreliggande studien samlar upp de lärdomar som drogs av logistikupplägget under projektets första etapp (FUS1), analyserar hur dessa lärdomar omsattes under planeringen inför den andra etappen (FUS2) samt studerar följsamhet till de uppsatta logistikriktlinjerna och attityder till upplägget i såväl FUS1 som FUS2. Resultaten visar att logistikupplägget bidragit med stora värden i och med att inga akuta ambulanstransporter hindrats, mer tid har kunnat läggas på direkt byggande och projekten har fått bättre ekonomi. Men resultaten visar också att implementeringen inte varit smärtfri och att somliga fortfarande är skeptiska till värdet av upplägget. Dessutom finns en diskrepans mellan den operativa logistiktjänst byggherren upplever sig ha fått levererad och den mer utvecklande kunskapstjänst som byggherren trodde sig ha upphandlat.
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Soto, Leticia S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Construction design as a process for flow : applying lean principles to construction design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42995.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2007.Includes bibliographical references (p. 108-111).
Delays and cost overruns are the rule rather than the exception in the construction industry. Design changes due to lack of constructability late in the construction phase generating costly ripple effect which create delay and disruption throughout the entire organization, are the largest contributors to the stated rule. In the building construction industry, of increased competitiveness, demand from many companies continued effort to develop new methods and tools, in which the design for quality, cost, construability and reliability play an important role. The planning and management of building design has historically focused upon traditional methods of planning such as Critical Path Method (CPM). Little effort is made to understand the complexities of the design process; instead design managers focus on allocating work packages where the planned output is a set of deliverables. This current design method forces design teams to manage their work on a discipline basis, each working on achieving their deliverable as dictated by the design program with little regard of the relationship with other disciplines and organizations. In addition, because Architect and Engineering firms view design and construction as two separate independent phases of work in project it makes it difficult to verify constructability in a design and create flow in the overall process. The goal of this study is to look at how aligning interests, objectives and practices based on lean fundamentals, during the earliest stages of a project, as a method of improving construction performance.
by Leticia Soto.
S.M.
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El-Atriby, A. A. A. "The social dimension in hospital design." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381284.
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Sebille, Michel. "Design :construction, automorphisms and colourings." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211428.
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Chew, En Phin. "Superconducting Transformer Design and Construction." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4977.
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This thesis first outlines the testing undertaken on a partial core superconducting
transformer under open circuit, short circuit, full load and endurance test conditions.
During the endurance test, a failure occurred after 1 minute and 35 seconds. During the
failure, voltage dipping and rapid liquid nitrogen boil off was observed. This prompted
a failure investigation which concluded that the lack of cooling in the windings was the
most probable cause to the failure.
Full core transformer and superconductor theories are then introduced. A copper
winding transformer model, based on a Steinmetz equivalent circuit and a reverse
design method, is described. A superconductor loss model which outlines the different
types of losses experienced under AC conditions is used to determine the resistance
of the windings in the Steinmetz equivalent circuit. This resistance changes with the
magnitude of current and the strength of the magnetic field that is present in the gaps
between each layer of the windings. An alternative leakage flux model is then presented,
where the flux is modelled based on the combination of the reluctance of the core and
the air surrounding the windings. Based on these theories, an iterative algorithm to
calculate the resistance of the superconductor is developed.
A new design of a 15kVA single phase full core superconducting transformer, operating
in liquid nitrogen, is presented. The issues with building the superconducting
transformer are outlined. First, a copper mockup of the superconducting transformer
was designed where the mockup would have the same tape and winding dimensions
as the superconducting transformer, which means the same core can be used for two
different sets of windings. This led to designing a core that could be easily taken apart
as well as reassembled. Construction of the core, the copper windings and the superconductor
windings ensued. The process of cutting the core laminations, insulating the
copper and superconductor tapes, and making the steel fasteners and terminations are
described.
The copper mockup and superconducting transformers was then tested under open
circuit, short circuit, different load and endurance conditions at both liquid nitrogen
and room temperatures. These test results were then compared with the those from
two models. The comparison showed a significant inaccuracy in the reactances in
the models. This introduced a correction factor into the superconductor model which
ii
made it more accurate. However, further work is required to explain and quantify the
correction factors for the copper transformer model under different load conditions.
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Palaoro, Stefania. "Arch bridges: Design - Construction - Perception." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/367845.
Full textAbstract:
The arch bridges have an historical development, that is rooted in their ancient tradition, yet are also very successful to this day, a rediscovery of the earliest arched forms can be seen in the most recent innovations. After millennia of masonry arch bridges and almost two centuries of relentless development of iron, steel and concrete arch bridges, with different structural schemes and constructive shapes, there was a moment that this type of structure was bound to disappear.
The scope of traditional arch bridges, which refers mainly to the ones of small and medium span, was to become the uncontested role of the girder bridges. The reuse and the assertion of the arch bridge has been accompanied by a strong architectural emphasis on their structural design and constructive details. This relation, increasingly important during the design phase between the concept of FORM and of STRUCTURE, has ensured that many new projects link the strong relationship between TRADITION and technological and constructive INNOVATION.
I ponti ad arco sono quelli che presentano un’evoluzione storica che fonda le sue radici nella tradizione più antica, ma anche quelli che ricevono all’oggi il maggior successo, una riscoperta delle prime forme arcuate che ritornano quasi come una moda ma con l’impiego delle recenti innovazioni: dopo millenni di ponti ad arco in muratura e quasi due secoli di inarrestabile sviluppo di ponti ad arco in ghisa, di ferro, acciaio e di cemento armato, accompagnato da diversi schemi strutturali e di forme costruttive, sembrava che questa tipologia fosse destinata a scomparire. Infatti il campo tradizionale dei ponti ad arco che si riferiva soprattutto ai ponti di media luce era divenuto oramai dominio incontrastato dei soli ponti a travata. Il riuso e il riaffermarsi del ponte ad arco è stato accompagnato da una forte accentuazione architettonica della loro concezione strutturale e dei loro dettagli costruttivi. Il rapporto sempre più importante in fase progettuale di correlare il concetto di FORMA con quello di STRUTTURA ha fatto in modo che molte nuove opere d’arte di nuova realizzazione unissero in sé il forte rapporto tra TRADIZIONE e INNOVAZIONE tecnologica e costruttiva.
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Palaoro, Stefania. "Arch bridges: Design - Construction - Perception." Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2011. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/504/1/Stefania_Palaoro_Arch_bridges%2Cdesign-construction-perception.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The arch bridges have an historical development, that is rooted in their ancient tradition, yet are also very successful to this day, a rediscovery of the earliest arched forms can be seen in the most recent innovations. After millennia of masonry arch bridges and almost two centuries of relentless development of iron, steel and concrete arch bridges, with different structural schemes and constructive shapes, there was a moment that this type of structure was bound to disappear.
The scope of traditional arch bridges, which refers mainly to the ones of small and medium span, was to become the uncontested role of the girder bridges. The reuse and the assertion of the arch bridge has been accompanied by a strong architectural emphasis on their structural design and constructive details. This relation, increasingly important during the design phase between the concept of FORM and of STRUCTURE, has ensured that many new projects link the strong relationship between TRADITION and technological and constructive INNOVATION.
I ponti ad arco sono quelli che presentano un’evoluzione storica che fonda le sue radici nella tradizione più antica, ma anche quelli che ricevono all’oggi il maggior successo, una riscoperta delle prime forme arcuate che ritornano quasi come una moda ma con l’impiego delle recenti innovazioni: dopo millenni di ponti ad arco in muratura e quasi due secoli di inarrestabile sviluppo di ponti ad arco in ghisa, di ferro, acciaio e di cemento armato, accompagnato da diversi schemi strutturali e di forme costruttive, sembrava che questa tipologia fosse destinata a scomparire. Infatti il campo tradizionale dei ponti ad arco che si riferiva soprattutto ai ponti di media luce era divenuto oramai dominio incontrastato dei soli ponti a travata. Il riuso e il riaffermarsi del ponte ad arco è stato accompagnato da una forte accentuazione architettonica della loro concezione strutturale e dei loro dettagli costruttivi. Il rapporto sempre più importante in fase progettuale di correlare il concetto di FORMA con quello di STRUTTURA ha fatto in modo che molte nuove opere d’arte di nuova realizzazione unissero in sé il forte rapporto tra TRADIZIONE e INNOVAZIONE tecnologica e costruttiva.
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Munson, P. "The social construction of management information systems in a hospital." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.254403.
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Leung, Chi-ming. "Design consultancy vs design and build consultancy : present trends in the construction industry /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B14038869.
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Zhang, Jing. "Grounded theory analysis of hospital-based Chinese midwives' professional identity construction." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9823.
Full textAbstract:
Background: The professional development of midwifery in China has been challenged by its marginalised professional status and the medical dominance within midwifery practice in the contemporary maternity care system. There has been growing confusion about, ‘Who the midwife is and what does the midwife do?’ within and outside the profession. The sense of identity crisis for the profession has become particularly salient when Chinese midwifery becomes a sub-branch of the nursing profession during the contemporary period. If, however, we consider the International Confederation of Midwives (ICM) Mission Statement (2008: 32) that midwives are the ‘most appropriate professionals for childbearing women in keeping childbirth normal’, then the focus on a greater understanding of midwives is needed. It is the aim of this research to facilitate this understanding by exploring how hospital-based Chinese midwives construct their professional identity in the contemporary maternity care system and the factors that significantly influence the process. Design and Method: A Constructivist Grounded Theory (CGT) study was conducted to achieve the research aim. A sample of 15 midwives and 5 women participants was recruited between October 2010 and May 2011 from a capital city in one province of China. The accounts from the participants in the form of in-depth individual interviews were digitally recorded and three work journals from midwife participants were also included to facilitate the exploration of the study subject. NVivo 8 was used to assist with data management for the analysis. Findings: Six principle categories were identified: ‘institutional position’; ‘organisational management’; ‘professional discourse’; ‘compromising strategies’; ‘engaging strategies’; and ‘hybrid identity’. The integration of the principle categories has developed the theoretical model ‘navigating the self in maternity care’, which suggests that professional identity construction in midwives is a dynamic process, involving a constant structural and attitudinal interplay between the external (‘obstetric nurse’) and internal (‘professional midwife’) definitions of the midwife. The model indicates that the midwives’ professional identity construction was contextualised in their ‘institutional position’ in the contemporary maternity care system. In everyday practice, midwives experienced identity dissonance in relation to two competing identities: the ‘obstetric nurse’, bound up to the ‘organisational management’ in hospital settings; and the ‘professional midwife’, associated with the ‘professional discourse’ in the midwifery profession. Two types of strategies were identified to reduce the identity dissonance – ‘compromising strategies’ and ‘engaging strategies’ – which resulted in a ‘hybrid identity’, as the construction of professional identity in individual midwives is navigating along an identity continuum with ‘obstetric nurse’ and ‘professional midwife’ at opposing ends. This thesis has expanded on the current theoretical knowledge of identity work by elaborating on the discursive practices professionals employ to legitimate their professional identity and the various strategies individuals use to negotiate their identities at work. It has also extended attention to the influence of institutional forces on professional identity construction. With specific regard to Chinese midwifery, this emerging theoretical model provides a number of possible implications for midwifery practice, education and policy which would facilitate the exploration of effective operational processes for midwives in China to develop professionally.
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Ferguson, A. J. L. "Dilution refrigerator : Design, construction and performance." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378638.
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Batzer, Rachel E. (Rachel Elizabeth). "Design and construction of a dynamometer." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68827.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2011."June 2011." Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 20).
Access to a dynamometer is a useful tool for any electrical system where the motors must be selected from various suppliers and fully characterized. Motor suppliers usually provide a torque, speed, efficiency curve, but it frequently lacks complete motor characterization and includes motor controller losses in the total system loss. The dynamometer presented in this thesis is primarily designed for testing of high efficiency motors and motor controllers in the power and speed range requires for competition in the World Solar Challenge, a transcontinental race for solar electric vehicles. The testing specifications of a solar electric vehicles are uncommon among motor testing needs because it requires high torque, low power, high efficiency, and the only a small operating range. This thesis covers the design and construction of the dynamometer.
by Rachel E. Batzer.
S.B.
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Bibby, Lee. "Improving design management techniques in construction." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2003. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/793.
Full textAbstract:
Recent years has seen a significant drive away from traditional procurement routes with contractors finding themselves with an increasing responsibility for control of design - a process they have had little experience in managing. They now have to adapt accordingly. The learning curve is steep, not least because many projects must now be delivered fast track while co-ordinating increasingly complex fabric and content of buildings without a platform of accepted good practice to manage the design process. This is a major factor preventing the UK construction industry from delivering projects on time, to budget and to the specified quality. There is a need to educate an increasing number of people in design management techniques to equip them to manage today's fast moving and demanding projects. However, many current design management tools are insufficiently developed for industry application. Therefore, to improve design management in the industry, current techniques must be modified to align them with the needs of the modern design manager. This research has developed and tested a training initiative aimed at improving design management practice within a major UK Design and Construct Contractor. It comprises a Design Management Handbook, Design Management Training, Team Support and Project Monitoring. The Design Management Handbook is the core of the training initiative. It addresses critical aspects of design management practice and provides design management tools. Training provides guidance to project teams on the tools and practices. In Team Support project teams are supported in the implementation of the new practices and tools to help embed new ways of working in company practice. Project Monitoring establishes the impact of the new practices on project performance to demonstrate that they are working and thus reinforce change. To establish the training initiative's effectiveness and key findings, the impact of the initiative on design management performance has been explored. The research has established which practices and tools were used, which were not, as well as an understanding the applicability and performance of each Handbook practice and tool. From this, barriers to implementing new design management tools in industry were identified and strategies developed in order to overcome such barriers.
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Jeffries, James R. "Construction implications of photolithography equipment design /." May be available electronically:, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.
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Gonzalez, Alvaro Eduardo. "Organisational Design & Mirroring in Construction." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15086.
Full textAbstract:
The mirroring hypothesis posits that an intrinsic connection exists between the architecture of a product and that of the organisation which produces it, which can influence operational efficiency. The mirroring hypothesis is applicable to construction wherein organisational design is concerned with the establishment of governance frameworks for the procurement of projects and product design is that of buildings and engineering structures. This thesis investigates the hypothesis that design data architecture mirrors component architecture in a construction project. A general procedure has emerged to investigate the mirroring hypothesis, consisting of three steps: the capturing of product architecture, the capturing of organisational architecture, and comparison of the two. The subject project is a completed building. The capturing of architecture is achieved by modelling functional dependency between components in the form of a node-link network structure. It was found that the subject project did not exhibit a high degree of visible or otherwise mirroring, hence the hypothesis is concluded to be false in this case. An explanation is that two architectures within one have been identified in the model. This makes senses because design data is structured into packages associated with design disciplines which are associated with sub-systems, which in turn corresponds to design team structure. On the other hand, the components model was prepared principally on the basis of physical connectivity. The result implies for organisational design in construction that the design management role should either be carried out by the architect for mirroring alignment, or, to mitigate misalignment, by a third party with design background as opposed to a construction background.
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Tisaj, David. "Design and construction of a tachometer." Thesis, Tisaj, David (2014) Design and construction of a tachometer. Other thesis, Murdoch University, 2014. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/25564/.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this report is to provide a guided tour of how everything was achieved by choosing the right parts, implementation and building, testing, results and of course to inspire future projects and students into making student level tachometers because they all come in different shapes and sizes. A microcontroller programmed using the Arduino software on Microsoft Windows in a combination of C and C++ was used to control various circuitry and brought the device to life with the Arduino software and a few external libraries. Various alterations and upgrades could be made to this device as this thesis only explores a fraction of the endless possibility of technologies, methods, programs, and electrical components.
This thesis paper contains extensive research and will explore where tachometers came from and the current sensor technology used today such as the Hall Effect, generator, light reflected from a laser or an optical encoder that can determine position of a rotating device. The different technologies’ advantages and disadvantages will be looked into because in differing circumstances one might be better than the other. The specifications for this thesis are to measure and display the movement of a rotating machine in revolutions per minute or radians per second. The idea of the project was to make all the parts fit into a box and make it portable so getting the right battery was a cost versus function compromise.
Tachometers are essentially used for measuring speed and can be in turn, control manually or automatically some aspect of the measured machine. Tachometers can be used for scheduling maintenance after certain mileage and therefore reducing costs over a machine’s lifetime.
The basis for measurement is by using the Arduino’s interrupt function which will take quick and accurate time based measurements. The internal pull up resistor built into the Arduino’s board will ensure no false positives are recorded when a falling edge is present on the interrupt pin. Specifications from data sheets are examined in great detail to prevent damage to any of the components and part of the method is testing along the way and looking for problems and solutions.
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Ajayi, Saheed O. "Design, procurement and construction strategies for minimizing waste in construction projects." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2017. http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/30123/.
Full textAbstract:
The construction industry contributes the largest portion of waste to landfill, and it consumes a significant proportion of mineral resources excavated from nature. Due to adverse environmental impacts of waste generation, as well as financial gains associated with its minimization, waste intensiveness of the industry has remained a major concern across nations. This study investigates the design, procurement and construction strategies for waste minimization, using a dynamic approach. Apart from an investigation of the key and underlying measures for construction waste mitigation, the study considers the interrelationship between stages of projects' lifecycle. This is as activities carried out at an earlier stage are capable of engendering occurrences at later stages of the dynamic project delivery processes. Following the tenets of critical realism philosophy and exploratory sequential mixed method, the study combined qualitative and quantitative approaches at intensive and extensive stages respectively. At the early stage of the study, data were collected through literature review and focus group discussions with industry experts. Results of the qualitative study were used to develop a questionnaire, which was analysed using statistical approach and structural equation modelling. As a means of investigating the key drivers of waste minimization at a holistic level, a system dynamic model was developed to simulate the interplay and effects of different strategies that were confirmed through the previous process. The study suggests that design stage has the most decisive impacts on construction waste minimization. At this stage, the key dimensions for designing out waste include design for modern methods of construction, collaborative design process, design for standardisation and waste-efficient design documentation. Error-free design and involvement of contractors at early design stage are part of the critical success factors for designing out waste. With design being much important for waste minimization, competencies of design in terms of waste behavioural competency, design task proficiency, construction-related knowledge and inter-professional collaborative competency are essential for designing out waste. Materials procurement process could enhance waste minimization by considering its key dimensions for driving waste-efficient projects, which includes waste-efficient materials purchase management, suppliers' alliance and waste-efficient bill of quantity. Efficient materials take-off and take back scheme are confirmed as critical success factors for driving waste minimization through materials procurement processes. During construction activities, waste could be reduced through prefabrication and offsite technology, contractual requirements, maximisation of materials reuse and improved collaboration, among others. Prefabrication, supply chain alliance and collaborative procurement routes are confirmed as the critical success factors for reducing waste during construction process. Dynamic interplay among these sets of strategies suggests that notwithstanding the significance of the different measures during design, procurement and construction processes, prefabrication technology and collaborative procurement route are the holistic drivers of construction waste minimisation. The study implies that designers could effectively drive waste minimization through dimensional coordination and standardisation of design in line with standard materials supplies. In addition to the need for prefabrication and offsite technologies, increasing collaboration among project team is requisite to reducing waste generated by construction activities. By implementing the strategies suggested in the study, substantial proportion of construction waste would be diverted from landfill.
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McCormick, Gordon. "Hospital: A Creature of Duality." VCU Scholars Compass, 2014. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3392.
Full textAbstract:
Hospitals can no longer be thought of as simply healing machines--they are healing organisms. It is Nature that permits every miracle of medicine, and it is Science that permits our understanding of medicine. By combining the two into a single idea, we aim to strike a balance between the duality of Nature and Technology, in order to design a space that relies more on the healing powers of Nature and less on the intrusiveness of Technology.
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Ledendal, Marie. "Chromatic chlorophyll : Conceptual hospital textiles with chromatic Smart Materials." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Textilhögskolan, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-19626.
Full textAbstract:
THIS PROJECT AIMS TO look at how Smart Textiles can change today’s view and useof the interiors of the healthcare environment, through conceptual examples of the usabilityof the Photochromics and Thermochromics working as an information bridge for moreisolated patients. The thesis has a practical experimental approach and points out some of thechromatic materials possibilities in relation to present research of the two chromatic materials.The thesis discusses the relation between healing environment and the importance of aesthetics,with a purpose to meet Emotional and Social needs of feeling “alive”, “well” and“included”. Research indicate that nature has a calming affect on patients, therefore flowersand leaves have been inspiration for the expression of the textiles. The colour changecreates a subtle communicative bridge between patient and movement in the hospital - “theRhythm of the House” and the outdoor -“the Rhythm of the Sun”. The conceptual proposalpresents a design solution where the colour changeability stands for a communicativelevel, as well as a decorative and a dynamic level. The textile samples communicate thevisual and hepatic expression, as well as the integration of the electronics. The scenariofor the thesis is set to the 2015-20, due to reasonability for Smart Textiles to be developedto be used as interior textile products for the healthcare environment.