Relevant bibliographies by topics / Hospitalization insurance

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Academic literature on the topic 'Hospitalization insurance'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Hospitalization insurance"

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Payne, Charlotte A., Timothy Chrusciel, and David A. S. Kaufman. "5 Hospitalization Outcomes Following Neuropsychological Evaluation in a Traumatic Brain Injury Sample." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 29, s1 (November 2023): 117–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617723002096.

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Objective:Previous research has shown that positive outcomes are associated with receiving a neuropsychological evaluation (NPE). The current project examined hospitalization outcomes following an NPE in a sample of patients who had sustained a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Hospitalization rates were compared between the two years pre- and two years post-evaluation. The role that insurance status plays on these health outcomes was also examined. This project is part of a growing effort to evaluate outcomes of clinical neuropsychological services in order to better characterize the broad health impacts of NPEs.Participants and Methods:Participants for the current study come from the Optum® de-identified Electronic Health Record dataset. The final sample included 245 patients who completed at least one NPE and were diagnosed with a TBI, according to ICD codes associated with their healthcare records. Patients were aged 21-87 (M = 51.55, SD = 16.74) with an average Charleston Comorbidity Index of 1.77 (SD = 2.41). The sample consisted of 124 females (50.6%), 121 males (49.4%). The majority of the sample identified as non-Hispanic white (N = 213; 86.9%), while 8.6% identified as another race or ethnicity. Regarding insurance, the most common insurance type was commercial (61.6%), followed by Medicare (13.5%), Medicaid (9.4%), and uninsured (6.5%). Those with unknown insurance status, race, or ethnicity were excluded from analyses of those variables.Results:Hospitalization incidence for the sample was significantly lower in the two years following a NPE, X2(1, N = 245) = 26.98, p < .001, compared to the two years prior. The mean number of hospitalizations were also lower following a NPE (t(244) = 4.83, p < .001). Insurance status did not show a significant main effect or interaction on mean number of hospitalizations over time. Regarding demographic variables, there was no significant main effects of race/ethnicity group or interaction between race/ethnicity and hospitalization rate change over time. However, there was a significant interaction between hospitalization rate change over time and gender (F(242) = 4.74, p = 0.030). A significant decrease in hospitalizations over time was seen for males (p < .001), while females showed a trend-level decrease that approached significance (p = .06).Conclusions:Consistent with previous research, significant reductions in hospitalization incidence and mean number of hospitalizations were seen following a NPE. This finding did not vary based on insurance status. However, hospitalization outcomes varied as a function of gender. These findings suggest that completing a NPE following a traumatic brain injury may contribute to improved hospitalization outcomes, but it does not appear that this benefit is seen equally for all patients. Insurance status may play a role in accessibility to care and hospitalization outcomes in this population, but that relationship is likely influenced by other factors, including racial identity, gender, and income. Future research is needed to investigate the extent that NPEs impact hospitalization rates in the broader context of insurance, demographic factors, and socioeconomic status.
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Xu, Junjie, Minyue Tang, and Jun Shen. "Trends and Factors Affecting Hospitalization Costs in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Two-Center Study over the Past Decade." Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2013 (2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/267630.

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With the growing number of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and hospitalization cases, the overall medical care cost elevates significantly in consequence. A total of 2458 hospitalizations, involving 1401 patients with IBD, were included from two large medical centers. Hospitalization costs and factors impacting cost changes were determined. Patients with IBD and frequency of hospitalizations increased significantly from 2003 to 2011 (P<0.001). The annual hospitalization cost per patient, cost per hospitalization, and daily cost during hospitalization increased significantly in the past decade (allP<0.001). However, length of stay decreased significantly (P<0.001). Infliximab was the most significant factor associated with higher hospitalization cost (OR = 44380.09,P<0.001). Length of stay (OR = 1.29,P<0.001), no medical insurance (OR = 1.31,P=0.017), CD (OR = 3.55,P<0.001), inflammatory bowel disease unclassified (IBDU) (OR = 4.30,P<0.0001), poor prognosis (OR = 6.78,P<0.001), surgery (OR = 3.16,P<0.001), and endoscopy (OR = 2.44,P<0.001) were found to be predictors of higher hospitalization costs. Patients with IBD and frequency of hospitalizations increased over the past decade. CD patients displayed a special one peak for age at diagnosis, which was different from UC patients. The increased hospitalization costs of IBD patients may be associated with infliximab, length of stay, medical insurance, subtypes of IBD, prognosis, surgery, and endoscopy.
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Zhang, Hui, Chao Zhang, Sufen Zhu, Feng Zhu, and Yan Wen. "Costs of hospitalization for chronic kidney disease in Guangzhou, China." Public Administration and Policy 22, no. 2 (December 2, 2019): 138–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pap-09-2019-0018.

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Purpose Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem which imposes a significant financial burden not only on patients but also on the healthcare systems, especially under the pressure of the rapid growth of the elderly population in China. The purpose of this paper is to examine the hospitalization costs of patients with CKD between two urban health insurance schemes and investigate the factors that were associated with their inpatient costs in Guangzhou, China. Design/methodology/approach This was a prevalence-based, observational study using data derived from two insurance claims databases during the period from January 2010 to December 2012 in the largest city, Guangzhou in Southern China. The authors identified 5,803 hospitalizations under two urban health insurance schemes. An extension of generalized linear model – the extended estimating equations approach – was performed to identify the main drivers of total inpatient costs. Findings Among 5,803 inpatients with CKD, the mean age was 60.6. The average length of stay (LOS) was 14.4 days. The average hospitalization costs per inpatient were CNY15,517.7. The mean inpatient costs for patients with Urban Employee-based Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) scheme (CNY15,582.0) were higher than those under Urban Resident-based Basic Medical Insurance (URBMI) scheme (CNY14,917.0). However, the percentage of out-of-pocket expenses for the UEBMI patients (19.8 percent) was only half of that for the URBMI patients (44.5 percent). Insurance type, age, comorbidities, dialysis therapies, severity of disease, LOS and hospital levels were significantly associated with hospitalization costs. Originality/value The costs of hospitalization for CKD were high and differed by types of insurance schemes. This was the first study to compare the differences in hospitalization costs of patients with CKD under two different urban insurance schemes in China. The findings of this study could provide economic evidence for understanding the burden of CKD and evaluating different treatment of CKD (dialysis therapy) in China. Such useful information could also be used by policy makers in health insurance program evaluation and health resources allocation.
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Yamada, Tadashi, Tetsuji Yamada, Chia-Ching Chen, and Weihong Zeng. "Determinants of health insurance and hospitalization." Cogent Economics & Finance 2, no. 1 (July 8, 2014): 920271. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2014.920271.

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Yamada, Tetsuji, Chia-Ching Chen, Tadashi Yamada, Haruko Noguchi, and Matthew Miller. "Private Health Insurance and Hospitalization Under Japanese National Health Insurance." Open Economics Journal 2, no. 1 (September 8, 2009): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874919400902010061.

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Wadhwa, Aman, Kathryn Six, Smita Bhatia, and Kelly Kenzik. "Hospitalization for Chemotherapy Toxicities (Chemotoxicities) during Treatment of Pediatric Hematologic Malignancies." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2021): 3005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-151015.

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Abstract Background: The projected 5y survival rates for pediatric hematologic malignancies exceed 85% (SEER statistics, 2017), in large part due to risk-stratified intensive multi-agent therapeutic approaches. However, these regimens result in chemotoxicity, often requiring hospitalization. However, the burden of chemotoxicity-related hospitalizations in children with hematologic malignancies remains understudied. Methods: Using an administrative claims database (Truven Marketscan ®), we describe chemotoxicity-related hospitalizations within the first 12 mo from first claim of chemotherapy in children with hematologic malignancies who were &lt;21y at diagnosis. Eligibility included (i) incident acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL; ICD-10-CM code: C91), acute myeloid leukemia (AML; C92), Hodgkin lymphoma (HL; C81) or non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL; C83.0, C83.3, C83.5, C83.7, C84.4, C85) diagnosed between 2011 and 2018; and (ii) continued insurance coverage 30d prior to and 365d after cancer diagnosis. Chemotoxicities (identified using ICD-9 and -10 codes) were grouped into organ systems (hematologic, infectious, gastrointestinal, renal, allergic, pulmonary, central nervous system, cardiovascular and miscellaneous). A hospitalization was considered chemotoxicity-related if a toxicity diagnosis was the primary reason for admission (i.e., first billing code) or occurred in the second billing position only if the cancer diagnosis was in the primary billing position. Hospitalizations for chemotherapy administration for primary or relapsed cancer were excluded. Logistic regression was used to examine the following factors for their association with chemotoxicity-related hospitalization: age at cancer diagnosis, sex, year of diagnosis (2011-2014; 2015-2018), insurance (commercial, Medicaid) and primary cancer diagnosis. Results: We identified 897 eligible patients (ALL: n=461, AML: n=79, HL: n=202, NHL: n=155). Median age at diagnosis was 15y (range, 0-21), 52.7% were male, 54.2% were diagnosed between 2011 and 2014, and 70.2% had commercial insurance. Medicaid patients were younger than those with commercial insurance (median age at diagnosis: 12y [range, 0.9-21] vs. 17y [0-21y]), and were less likely to carry a diagnosis of ALL (46% vs. 54%, P&lt;0.001) but more likely to have AML (15% vs. 6%, P&lt;0.001). Over the 4,736 person-months of follow-up, 360 patients (40.1%) had 636 chemotoxicity-related hospitalizations (ALL: 56.9%, AML: 8.9%, HL: 20.9%, NHL: 13.2%); 164 (18.3%) patients had ≥1 chemotoxicity-related hospitalization. Median time to first chemotoxicity-related hospitalization from start of therapy was 37d (interquartile range, 12-78). Chemotoxicity claims included hematologic toxicities (63.6%), infections (22.7%) and gastrointestinal toxicities (6.1%); the figure shows the distribution of claims during these hospitalizations by hematologic malignancy. The average length of stay (LOS) for chemotoxicity-related hospitalization was 6.8±8.7d [5.8±7.8d (HL) to 8.6±12.6d (AML)]. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified Medicaid insurance (vs. commercial) to be associated with lower odds of chemotoxicity-related hospitalization (odds ratio=0.68, 95% confidence interval 0.56-0.84, P&lt;0.001). Conclusions: Over 40% of children with hematologic malignancies require chemotoxicity-related hospitalizations during the first year of treatment. These data could be used to provide guidance to patients and their families and inform healthcare policy decisions. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Kauhl, Boris, Jörg König, and Sandra Wolf. "Spatial Distribution of COVID-19 Hospitalizations and Associated Risk Factors in Health Insurance Data Using Bayesian Spatial Modelling." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 5 (February 28, 2023): 4375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054375.

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The onset of COVID-19 across the world has elevated interest in geographic information systems (GIS) for pandemic management. In Germany, however, most spatial analyses remain at the relatively coarse level of counties. In this study, we explored the spatial distribution of COVID-19 hospitalizations in health insurance data of the AOK Nordost health insurance. Additionally, we explored sociodemographic and pre-existing medical conditions associated with hospitalizations for COVID-19. Our results clearly show strong spatial dynamics of COVID-19 hospitalizations. The main risk factors for hospitalization were male sex, being unemployed, foreign citizenship, and living in a nursing home. The main pre-existing diseases associated with hospitalization were certain infectious and parasitic diseases, diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases, diseases of the nervous system, diseases of the circulatory system, diseases of the respiratory system, diseases of the genitourinary and symptoms, and signs and findings not classified elsewhere.
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Murray, Drew Carl Drennan, Rohit Kumar, Shruti Bhandari, and Mohamed M. Hegazi. "Incidence of graft versus host disease in peri transplant hospitalization after clostridium difficile infection." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): 7542. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.7542.

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7542 Background: Hyperacute graft versus host disease (GVHD) after allogenic stem cell transplantation (SCT) has adverse outcomes with increased rates of chronic GVHD and relapse. GVHD risks include mismatched related or matched unrelated donors, myeloablative conditioning, heavy pretreatment, and donor-recipient sex mismatch. Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a leading cause of diarrhea in immunocompromised patients. Proposed microbiome effect on immunity and GVHD in allogenic SCT recipients prompts concern of microbiome modulation from CDI and antibiotics inciting GVDH. Methods: National Inpatient Sample database 2014 for hospitalizations with allogeneic SCT in patients ≥18yo. Characteristics (age, sex, race, insurance, graft source, hospital type, region, comorbidities) were compared for hospitalizations with and without CDI. Primary outcome was the difference in the incidence of GVHD during the transplant hospitalization between the 2 groups. Other outcomes were mortality, length of stay and hospital charges. Chi-square, t-test, and multivariate logistic regression utilized. Results: Of 6210 patients with allogenic SCT, 745 (12%) had CDI during the transplant hospitalization. In transplanted patients without CDI the average age was 55yo, 43.9% female, 69.5% Caucasian (C), 7.1% African American (AA), 8.6% Hispanic (H), 32.1% had Medicare/Medicaid, 61.8% private insurance, 5.7% uninsured, 44.7% had hypertension, 13.7% had diabetes, graft source was 84.3% PBSC (peripheral blood stem cells), 11.3% bone marrow, and 4.4% cord blood. CDI group the average age was 52.5yo, 45.3% female, 73% C, 4.7% AA, 8.1% H, 25.7% had Medicare/Medicaid, 66.2% private insurance, 8.1% uninsured, 41.9% had hypertension, 10.1% had diabetes, graft source was 83.8% PBSC, 10.8% bone marrow, and 5.4% cord blood. 25.7% of patients with CDI developed GVHD during that hospitalization while 14.2% of patients without CDI developed GVHD during the hospital stay (OR 2.1, p < 0.001 multivariate analysis). GVHD during the hospitalization had no difference in length of stay (p = 0.32), total cost of stay (p = 0.50) or same hospitalization mortality (p = 0.94). Conclusions: Allogeneic SCT patients with CDI develop GVHD on the same hospitalization at significantly higher rates than patients without CDI. This is true after controlling for age, sex, race, insurance, comorbidities, graft source, hospital location, and type of institution. Despite known associations of early evidence of GVHD on relapse, overall mortality was not different between the two groups.
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Tian, Haitao, Tianjun Li, and Shiqi Lu. "Robust Analysis of the Influencing Factors for Hospitalization Costs of Senile Cataracts Patients in Chengdu Considering Different Types of Insurance." American Journal of Life Sciences 12, no. 2 (April 12, 2024): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20241202.12.

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Chengdu is one of the earliest pilot cities for urban-rural basic medical insurance integration in China. This study aimed to analyze the influencing factors of hospitalization costs of senile cataract in a tertiary hospital in Chengdu by robust method, especially considering the influence of medical insurance type. A total of 1310 discharged patients from a tertiary hospital from January 2020 to June 2021 who were mainly diagnosed with senile cataracts were selected as the research subjects. Kruskal-Wallis H test and Spearman correlation analysis are used to conduct univariate statistical analysis. The robust multivariate linear regression model and a semi-parametric multivariate regression model are established to obtain the influencing factors for their hospitalization costs. The robust multivariate regression model results show that reimbursement ratio, number of surgeries, type of medical insurance, hospitalization days, number of additional diagnoses and material proportion have significant correlations with the response variable, i.e. total hospitalization costs of the senile cataract patients. In the robust multivariate regression analysis, the type of insurance is significantly associated with the hospitalization costs. Fixing other variables, the hospitalization costs of patients with UEBMI insurance were 7.6% higher than those with URRBMI insurance. Generalized additive model (GAM) can express the nonlinear relationship between explanatory variables and response variable. Because of the nonlinear part of the GAM, the interpretation and description of the model can provide more knowledge than the linear models. In the GAM model, the type of insurance is also significantly related to the total costs. According to the regression effects of reimbursement ratio, number of surgeries, type of medical insurance, hospitalization days, number of additional diagnoses and material proportion on total costs, the paper aims to provide some references for promoting the reform of the local medical system and improving the eye health status and quality of life of middle-aged and elderly groups.
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Feinberg, Bruce, Brad Schenkel, Ali McBride, Lorie Ellis, Menaka Bhor, Janna Radtchenko, and Lincy S. Lal. "Predictors of Emergency Room (ER) Visits and Hospitalizations in Patients with Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) Treated with Chemotherapy." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 4526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.4526.4526.

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Abstract Background: Understanding the predictors of increased healthcare resource utilization is essential for better management of patients with MCL, especially as new agents enter the market. This study evaluated predictors for ER visits and hospitalizations in patients with newly diagnosed and relapsed MCL treated with chemotherapy. Methods: Using claims data (MORE2 Registry®), patients treated with antineoplastics from August 2009-2013 for MCL were retrospectively identified by ICD-9 codes (200.4, 200.40 - 200.48). Patients with secondary malignancies, pregnancy, and age <18 were excluded. Univariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine covariates associated with ER visits and hospitalizations. Results for significant variables were reported as odds ratio/p-value. Odds ratio >1 indicates increase in chance of events. Results: A total of 449 patients with MCL were identified. Median age at diagnosis was 71 years, 70% were male, 61% had Medicare primary insurance, 32% were treated in the relapsed setting, 50% had ER visits, and 53% had hospitalizations throughout their treatment history. Significant increases in ER visits and hospitalizations were associated with the following factors (OR/p-value): chemotherapy duration (ER: 1.001/.046, hospitalization: 1.001/.01), supportive care (ER: 2.249/.014, hospitalization: 2.56/.004), number of MCL related adverse events (ER: 10.571/<.000, hospitalization: 39.282/<.000), and treatment following relapse (ER: 1.771/.005, hospitalization: 2.012/.001). Significant variables associated with a decrease in ER visits were male gender (0.576/.008) and having commercial insurance (0.548/.009). Age was associated with ER increase (1.024/.024). Patients treated in the Northeast region of the US were more likely to be hospitalized (1.897/.005). Conclusions: This retrospective study shows that older patients with MCL had a higher likelihood of ER visits, while male patients and patients with commercial insurance had a lower likelihood of ER visits. Regional differences impacted hospitalizations. Adverse events, supportive care, and duration of treatment were associated with increases in hospitalizations and ER visits. These data warrant consideration of age and comorbidity-adjusted treatment in MCL patients eligible for treatment with antineoplastics. Disclosures Feinberg: Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC: Consultancy. Schenkel:Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC: Employment. McBride:Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC: Consultancy. Ellis:Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC: Employment. Bhor:Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC: Consultancy. Radtchenko:Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC: Consultancy. Lal:Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC: Consultancy.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hospitalization insurance"

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Malkin, Jesse D. "The postpartum mandate estimated costs and benefits /." Santa Monica, CA : Rand, 1998. http://books.google.com/books?id=Uw_bAAAAMAAJ.

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Olsen, Julia Maria. "Uso de serviços segundo a posse de plano privado de saúde no município de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6132/tde-04092014-094314/.

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Introdução - O sistema de saúde brasileiro é composto por um segmento público universal e por um segmento privado. Grande parte da população do município de São Paulo está coberta por planos privado de saúde, porém existem poucos estudos locais explorando a influência desse fator no uso dos serviços de saúde. O estudo de unidades geográficas menores permite um melhor entendimento da realidade local. Objetivo Analisar o uso dos serviços de saúde segundo a posse de plano privado de saúde no município de São Paulo. Métodos - Estudo transversal com base nos dados obtidos no Inquérito de Saúde no Município de São Paulo de 2008. Analisamos o uso de serviços na resolução das condições agudas de saúde, no acompanhamento de doenças crônicas, no rastreamento de neoplasias e na hospitalização. Primeiro realizamos uma análise descritiva dos dados, com estimativa das prevalências. Então, verificamos a associação de cada um dos desfechos com a posse de plano privado de saúde, por meio da regressão logística múltipla, com ajuste para variáveis demográficas, socioeconômicas e da condição de saúde, estimando o Odds Ratio. Resultados As pessoas sem plano privado de saúde apresentaram maior chance de uso de serviços de urgência e emergência. As pessoas com plano apresentaram maior chance de uso de serviços ambulatoriais, de acompanhamento da hipertensão arterial sistêmica, de rastreamento de neoplasias e de hospitalização. Conclusões A posse de plano privado de saúde determinou diferenças no uso dos serviços de saúde no município de São Paulo, havendo iniquidades relacionadas às condições socioeconômicas.
Introduction The Brazilian health system is constituted by a universal public system and a private system. The city of São Paulo has a large insurance coverage but there are few local studies on the influence of this factor on health services utilization. Smaller geographic area research allows for better understanding of the local setting. Objective To analyze health services utilization according to private health insurance ownership in São Paulo. Method We performed a trans-sectional study, based on data from a health household survey performed in 2008 in São Paulo. We analyzed health services utilization in acute health issues, chronic disease followup, cancer early detection and hospitalization. We verified the association between each outcome and the ownership of private health insurance using multiple logistic regression, taking in account adjustment factors as demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and health condition. We estimated the Odds Ratio. Results People without private health insurance had bigger chances of using emergency services. People owning insurance had bigger chances of using ambulatory services and bigger chances of using services for hypertension follow-up and for cancer early detection and hospitalization. Conclusions Private health insurance ownership engendered differences in health services utilization and there are socio-economic related inequalities in São Paulo.
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Chen, Yueh-chu, and 陳岳駒. "Modeling the Hospitalization Days in Cancer Health Insurance." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75063677121995968049.

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碩士
東吳大學
財務工程與精算數學系
98
In order to understand the protection level of the policyholders under hospitalization limit in cancer insurance, this paper tries to model the cancer patients’ hospitalization after them first diagnosed with cancer. Data with period from 1996 to 2007 is gathered from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD).Generalized Linear Models had a good fit to the model with the gamma distribution. The main factors of hospitalization are incidence age and gender. Also, the indicator of the patient hospitalized in the first year and which year the patient hospitalized are significant in the model of hospitalization from the second year to twelfth year after incidence.
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WANG, XIANG-PIN, and 王香蘋. "A study of audit on labor insurance hospitalization expense." Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09238697785747001973.

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PAN, HSING-MING, and 潘星明. "The Research of Rate-making for Hospitalization Insurance with Limitation on Benefits." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6j65p7.

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碩士
東吳大學
財務工程與精算數學系
105
There are various limitation and benefit provisions of hospital income benefit of one-year health insurance provided in the current market, as the result, insured may choose an insurance policy based on lower premium but neglect the coverage. In order to enable insured to choose a suitable insurance policy based on their ages, and insurance companies can also design different products for the target group and provide a variety of options for the insured. In this study, we target to 0~100 years old people, divide them into 19 groups by ages and sexes, and settle 90 days as the claim limit, then use the software @Risk to simulate the average hospital day of every group for calculating net premium rate of hospital income benefit of one-year health insurance. According to the results of the study, there are significant differences of average hospital days between different age groups for both sexes. In order to obtain reasonable premium rate, insurance companies should pay attention to see if it is appropriate to use the same average hospital days for all age groups for rate-making. Different claim limit has different impact to each age levels. In order to choose the policy which is with affordable premium and also can provide adequate protection, premium should not be the only basis for insured, the coverage should be also considered.
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Chen, Tien-Fu, and 陳添福. "An Analysis of Bronchiectasis-Associated Hospitalization under National Health Insurance in Taiwan." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82110502449508178750.

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碩士
中臺科技大學
健康產業管理研究所
100
Background: Domestic research of medical utilization for chronic respiratory diseases mainly focuses on obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and respiratory care. Utilization and cost of medical services for bronchiectasis-associated diseases is an issue seldom discussed in previous research. Based on National Health Insurance Research Database, this study attempted to explore the development of bronchiectasis-associated diseases in Taiwan, utilization and cost of bronchiectasis-associated hospitalization, and factors affecting medical utilization. Methods: From National Health Insurance Research Database maintained by National Health Research Institute, this study extracted hospitalization data of patients diagnosed with bronchiectasis (principal and secondary diagnosis by ICD-9-CM code of 494) during 1998~2008. Using patient characteristic, hospital characteristic, and hospital location as independent variables and cost of hospitalization as a dependent variable, this study conducted univariate analysis, bivariate analysis, and multivariate analysis of the data respectively. Results: Results indicated that a total of 97,912 persons utilized hospitalization services for bronchiectasis-associated diseases during 1998~2008. The hospitalization rate per 100,000 population was 39.5, and the rate was higher among women than among men. Patients aged above 65 had a higher frequency of hospitalization for bronchiectasis. The average length of hospital stay was 11.13 days, and the average cost of hospitalization was NT$47,797.01. Factors affecting hospitalization for bronchiectasis included gender, age, reported salary of the insured, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score, length of hospital stay, hospital accreditation status, hospital ownership status, and administrative branch of Bureau of National Health Insurance. Conclusions and Suggestions: It should be noted that the prevalence of bronchiectasis was significantly higher among women and people with lower socio-economic status. Therefore, more health education and preventive measures should be provided to these groups of people to reduce incidence of bronchiectasis and medical expenses required. Besides, frequency of hospitalization for bronchiectasis also increased with age. As the ratio of elderly population is on the increase in Taiwan, more emphasis should be placed on preventive care for the elderly.
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Lin, Chang-Li, and 林長立. "An Actuarial Model for Hospitalization Insurance with Limited Benefit: Cancer Impaired Risk." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24893573970997783185.

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碩士
東吳大學
財務工程與精算數學系
101
The demand for private medical insurance is increasing in Taiwan as public awareness about healthcare needs. Some of the most popular individual hospitalization insurance plans are limited and fixed premium payment products, with unlimited or lifetime benefits. With the average lifespan increasing and the rapidly rising cost of healthcare, a lifetime benefit creates substantial risk to health insurance providers. Insurance companies have stopped offering unlimited and lifetime benefits. The two types of insurance contracts currently offered either provides limited benefits or the unused portion as a life insurance benefit. Hospitalization benefits can be classified as actual daily medical expense, fixed daily benefit, or the greater of the two. In this study, we consider a hospitalization insurance for newly diagnosed cancer patients with a fixed daily benefit and lifetime claims, with ceilings. We use a generalized linear model (GLM) to analyze thirteen-year inpatient longitudinal data of 695,978 cancer patients, diagnosed between 1997 and 2009, which is approximately a third of Taiwan’s new cancer cases in that period. Data are extracted from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database via ICD_9_CM codes. Our study indicates that the special GLM model yields reasonable results for annual inpatient days, to be specific, the generalized estimating equation, negative binomial distribution, and exchangeable correlation. We then used copula and simulation methods to determine the net premium required under varied claims ceiling, mortality rates, and correlation coefficients. For premium paying period, we consider both single premium and regular premium. Consider also given to the regular premium with or without rational termination. Our findings are that firstly, there is a correlation for annual inpatient days; the higher correlation for lower premiums. This statement is true for hospitalization insurance with and without a life insurance benefit. Secondly, an increase in the mortality rate will raise the premium for the hospitalization insurance with life insurance benefit, however it will reduce the premium for hospitalization insurance without a life insurance benefits. Third, the net premium reserve depend not only the policy year but also the benefits already paid. Reserve may not be needed in the first few policy years. Fourth, premium is lower with rationality termination consideration than without rational termination.
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Chu, Bow-Ching, and 褚柏菁. "Establishing the Fee Schedule for Chinese Medical Hospitalization Procedures in Taiwan’s National Insurance Program." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09776756140245885972.

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碩士
中國醫藥大學
中國醫學研究所碩士班
95
Chinese medical insurance was included in the Labor Health Insurance in 1975, the Government Worker Insurance in 1988 and the Farmer Health Insurance in 1989 respectively. Taiwan’s National Health Insurance (NHI) program was established in March 1995, and the Chinese medical outpatient service was included in NHI. So far, the NHI has been established for more than ten years but the Chinese medical hospitalization (CMH) has not yet been incorporated in NHI, still stays in the appraisal stage. It is very important to establish the reasonable fee schedule for developing CMH. This study uses the Delphi method and Grounded theory method to reach a common consensus among the specialists. We held two the specialists meetings in which 33 experts discussed together and gave very helpful suggestions. After the meetings, we arranged all the suggestions and made the Delphi questionnaire. 44 Delphi questionnaires were sent and the results were shown in the two-rounded Delphi questionnaire. There are three parts of the Delphi questionnaire：the first part is “the attitude toCMH”.In the subject of “CMH should be involved in NHI? ”, most experts strongly approved it. In the subject of “partially diseases should be involved in Chinese medical hospitalization”, the attitude of experts turned from approval to strongly approval during two rounds. In the subject of “Chinese herbal medicine should be paid for daily charge? ”, the attitude of experts turned from unapproval to approval during two rounds that appeared that they had different view of it. In the subject of “the cost-sharing for hospitalization of Chinese medical hospitalization should higher than western medicine”, most experts didn’t approve it. The second part is “the evaluation for the subjects of Chinese medical hospitalization”. Most experts approved that the medical center with Chinese medical department is the priority to practice the CMH.The major purpose of CMH is for developing the research of Chinese medicine. The Committee on Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Health, Executive Yuan should lead to establish the CMH.Stroke and treatment of post chemo-radial therapy should be prior to be involved in CMH. The third part is “the suggestions of the fee schedule of CMH”. Over 80％ experts approved that room fee of Chinese medical hospitalization, diagnosis fee of Chinese medicine,diagnosis fee of western medicine ,fee of prescription , fee of treatment of acupuncture, nursing care fee of traditional Chinese traumatologic manipulation、fee of nutritional direction、fee of pharmacist、accupressure、splint、pulse signal measurement、electroacupuncture stimulation、nasogastric feeding、testing、X-ray should be paid. Less than 80％ experts approved that altinative chinese medical equipments and fire cupping should be paid. Most suggestive fee were close to the fee schedule of experimental plan,and the fee in second round is closer to fee schedule of experimental plan than the first round. The results are the common consensus for Chinese medical hospitalization procedures among the specialists，and it could be a guideline for Chinese medical hospitalization procedures in the future. We also investigate the distribution of Chinese medical hospitals and doctors in Taiwan, for the preparation for Chinese medical hospitalization.
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Sung, Szu-Hsien, and 宋思嫺. "Estimation of Hospitalization Rate and the Design of Medical Insurance- by Unit Type of Insured." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/bv55c8.

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碩士
真理大學
統計與精算學系碩士班
101
The population aging and the decline of fertility rate has become a serious social problem nowadays. It is inevitable that the demand of medical care is increasing. However, the unceasingly progressing medical technology has caused the medical expense to rise constantly and increase the burden on the health expenditure of people. People thus purchase commercial health insurance products to mitigate risks. It is common that the design of insurance products adopts age and gender as risk factors; however, marital status, physical condition, family medical history and occupation of insured are also possible risk factors. In this research, the National Health Insurance database was used to find risk factors of the incidence of hospitalization and thus apply to the design of medical products. The hospitalization data from 1996 to 2010 of the one million sample of year 2005, which were drawn from the National Health Insurance research database, were used to estimate the hospitalization rate and the average days of hospitalization of unit type of insured. Lee-Carter model is used to fit and forecast the hospitalization rate. There are significantly difference between distinct unit type of insured in hospitalization rate. The premiums of medical insurance of distinct unit type of insured will be calculated and thus providing the insurance company as a reference of insurance product design and underwriting.
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Ting, Chia-Ling, and 丁嘉玲. "Whether day-care units of the contemporary mental care model in psychiatric wards qualified as a hospitalization expense in health insurance？." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75rsdm.

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碩士
國立交通大學
科技法律研究所
106
For Hospitalization Expense Insurance Policies, "hospitalize" or "hospitalization" means a situation where the insured sustains an illness or injury, a physician makes a diagnosis that hospital confinement is necessary for further diagnosis and/or treatment thereof, formal procedures are followed for admittance to a hospital, and the insured actually resides in the hospital to receive diagnosis and/or treatment. In juridical practice, there are several differing perspectives regarding the issue of whether day-care units of the contemporary mental care model in psychiatric wards qualify as hospitalization expense in health insurance. The grounded theory was conducted in this research for a qualitative study. The analysis was done through interviews with 4 professionals. This article arranges the arguments of each opinions, analyzes the issues from an economic point of view, and proposes advice, references, solutions regarding this issue.
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Books on the topic "Hospitalization insurance"

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Benefits, Virginia Special Advisory Commission on Mandated Health Insurance. Minimum hospital stay for mastectomy patients: Report of the Special Advisory Commission on Mandated Health Insurance Benefits to the Governor and the General Assembly of Virginia. Richmond: Commonwealth of Virginia, 1998.

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New Jersey. State Dept. of Health. The Uncompensated Care Trust Fund: Assuring universal access to hospital care in New Jersey : a report to the governor and the Legislature. [Trenton, N.J: Dept. of Health, 1989.

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Köhrer, Dietmar. Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung und Krankenhäuser: Treffpunkt Pflegesatzverhandlung : eine Untersuchung zur wirtschaftlicheren Betriebsführung von Krankenhäusern. Baden-Baden: Nomos, 1991.

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Illinois. Dept. of Insurance. What you should know about nursing home insurance. Springfield, Ill.]: Illinois Dept. of Insurance, 1986.

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Held, Philip J. Site selection criteria for the health insurance study. Santa Monica, Calif: Rand Corp., 1985.

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Goodman, John C. The changing market for health insurance: Opting out of the cost-plus system. Dallas, Tex. (7701 N. Stemmons, Dallas 75247): NCPA, 1985.

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North Carolina Medical Database Commission. and North Carolina. Dept. of Insurance., eds. Primary payer summary statistics by hospital: October 1, 1989 through September 30, 1990. Raleigh, NC (3901 Barrett Dr., Suite 204, Raleigh 27609): North Carolina Medical Database Commission, Dept. of Insurance, 1991.

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Yegian, Jill Mathews. Size matters: The health insurance market for small firms. Aldershot, Hampshire, England: Ashgate, 1999.

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Barber, Linda George. Being a hospital insurance clerk. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Brady, 1995.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Finance. Fiscal year 1991 budget proposals: Hearing before the Committee on Finance, United States Senate, One Hundred First Congress, second session, February 28, March 6 and 22, 1990. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hospitalization insurance"

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Niohuru, Ilha. "Healthcare Affordability." In Healthcare and Disease Burden in Africa, 105–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19719-2_5.

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AbstractThe cost of healthcare is an enormous financial burden for the government, families, and individuals. When talking about paying medical bills, the common financial resource includes personal income and savings, as well as support from the government. Therefore, this chapter investigates insurance coverage, government expenditure on healthcare, and individual affordability, aiming at understanding the financial burden that the patient may bear when seeking medical services. Among the studied countries, only Algeria managed to provide free healthcare through insurance. The other countries tend to have a complete insurance scheme and have the choice of enrolling in private and public insurance. However, issues like public insurance are often underfunded, the claims take too long to process and the insurance is not reinforced, leaving the patients any choice but to cover the medical bills out-of-pocket upfront. Therefore, individual affordability becomes crucial when people make medical decisions. Thus, in the investigation, individual affordability is further broken down into the cost of a single hospital visit and hospitalization, the average income, and the poverty in the country, trying to understand to what extent a patient is likely to have the financial ability to cover the bills.
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Lee, Po-Chang, Yu-Pin Chang, and Yu-Yun Tung. "Comprehensive Policies." In Digital Health Care in Taiwan, 55–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05160-9_4.

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AbstractWith the sharply escalating medical expenses, the National Health Insurance Administration (NHIA) has implemented a number of programs to contain expenditure, deliver patient-centered health care, and meet the medical needs of the super-aged society that Taiwan will face in the future.Taiwan has followed the steps of many advanced countries to separate medicine and pharmacy to promote medication safety. In this chapter, we describe various obstacles and contingent approaches to implementing a policy that is quite against the social norm. The outcome was analyzed to evaluate the effect of this controversial policy. To connect long-term care seamlessly after hospital discharge, discharge planning and follow-up management fees are covered by the National Health Insurance (NHI). The NHIA has also endeavored to encourage two-way referrals in the tiered medical care structure since 2017, hoping to improve the efficiency of the overall healthcare system through the redistribution of workload and the continuity of health care. Therefore, in addition to increasing the reimbursement for hospitalization and emergency treatment, differences in co-payment for referral visits from different levels of hospitals were applied to encourage better healthcare-seeking behavior. We also discuss the decision-making process of the on-going co-payment adjustment at the end of the chapter.
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Mehrish, Divya, J. Sairamesh, Laurent Hasson, and Monica Sharma. "Combining Weather and Pollution Indicators with Insurance Claims for Identifying and Predicting Asthma Prevalence and Hospitalizations." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 457–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74009-2_58.

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Gallant, Jason, Diana Joyce-Beaulieu, and Brian A. Zaboski. "Terminating Therapy and Referrals." In Applied Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Schools, 163–80. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780197581384.003.0009.

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Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an efficacious and efficient intervention; as such, closure encompasses an essential part of intervention planning. Chapter 9 discusses closure: how to graduate clients from CBT, arrange booster sessions, ethically terminate CBT, and, if needed, progress clients to a higher level of care. It describes reasons for why clients may become demotivated for treatment and demystifies insurance coverage and co-pays. For clients with more severe issues, Chapter 9 explains the many referral options available, like in-home family services, outpatient clinics, intensive outpatient services, partial hospitalization, acute inpatient hospitalization, and residential treatment facilities. The chapter concludes with a discussion of psychopharmacology and incorporates a multidisciplinary, consultative approach throughout.
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Kumar, Dr M. Vinod, Dr Ramesh Nagarajappa, Dr Arun Kumar Acharya, Dr Ananthalekshmy R, and Dr Angelin Mary L. "PRE-PAID PLAN: DENTAL INSURANCE FOR PENURY." In Futuristic Trends in Medical Sciences Volume 3 Book 21, 155–62. Iterative International Publisher, Selfypage Developers Pvt Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58532/v3bgms21p2ch7.

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Health is the one of the most valuable things in life. Maintaining it is not a one day event but a continuous process carried out throughout our lives. In our country there is a huge surge in population over the past years. Due to this Private Insurance network seeks foreign investors to cover all areas of insurance. Most insurance covers are only for dental treatment involving 24 hour hospitalization or life threatening situations. On 9th October 2002 Hindustan Lever Limited (HLL) had announced the launch of it’s maiden Dental Insurance Scheme. Based on the current Statistics of Census in India there is a possibility of population explosion and it might reach upto 200 crores individuals in the upcoming years. This will lead to lesser per capita income and a burden on each individual to spend for their oral health This Pre-paid plan is exclusively for the poor and needy who cannot afford the dental treatment. Only a very minimal amount shall be taken from the socially weaker sections with flexible payment options prior to start of prospective dental treatment. More than half of Indians live in remote in villages. If, effectively implemented then, Pre-Paid dental insurance plan will be trend-setting and revolutionize the Dental insurance Plan for Penury in India.
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Fleck, Leonard M. "Just Caring an Introduction." In Just Caring, 3–33. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195128048.003.0001.

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Abstract Angel Diaz is 69 years old and in the very advanced stages of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). He had been a machine operator and part-time minister in Philadelphia (Anand, 2003). The first signs of AD were in the early 1990s. His brother cared for him until May of 2002 when Angel choked on some food and required emergency hospitalization. He emerged ventilator-dependent with a feeding tube, and was discharged to a nursing home. In February 2002 Angel developed pneumonia and intestinal bleeding. Since then he has spent 2003 days in the hospital at a cost of $280,000, less than half of which was covered by insurance.
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Seok, Jaeeun. "Long-Term Care." In The Korean Welfare State, 133–56. Oxford University PressNew York, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197644928.003.0007.

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Abstract In 2008, Long-Term Care Insurance (LTCI) for the elderly became a universal social insurance system that guarantees extended supports and services to people aged 65 and older, and those under 64 who require long-term care due to geriatric diseases. Methods of providing long-term care to the elderly include long-term hospitalization services in nursing hospitals, nursing services provided to low- and middle-income groups who cannot receive LTCI benefits, and dementia nursing services for people with cognitive disabilities. In addition, a tax support system is provided for persons with disabilities. Eligibility is determined through a certification review, and benefits are paid according to a six-level system starting with mild cognitive impairment. LTC services are provided as benefits in kind, and cash benefits are strictly limited. LTC beneficiaries are free to choose the type of benefit they want. Almost all LTC providers are in the private sector, and sole proprietors operate more than 80% of these service enterprises. Users of home care services must pay 15% of the service cost, and facility care users must pay 20% of the total cost of service and meals. About 50% of beneficiaries are either exempt or pay only a small portion out-of-pocket, depending on their income level.
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Encinosa, William E., Didem Bernard, and Avi Dor. "Does prescription drug adherence reduce hospitalizations and costs? The case of diabetes." In Pharmaceutical Markets and Insurance Worldwide, 151–73. Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/s0731-2199(2010)0000022010.

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Nevsimalova, Sona, Ondrej Ludka, and Jana Vyskocilova. "Current Practice of Sleep Medicine in The Czech Republic." In The Practice of Sleep Medicine Around The World: Challenges, Knowledge Gaps and Unique Needs, 390–95. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815049367123010031.

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Prof. Bedrich Roth founded sleep medicine in our country 70 years ago. However, the inter- and multidisciplinary nature of sleep medicine developed several decades later, in the early 1990s, with the cooperation of pulmonologists, neurologists and psychiatrists. This led to the foundation of the Czech Sleep Research and Sleep Medicine Society (short title Czech Sleep Society) in 2001. At present, the Society includes 215 members and plays a leading role in the current practice of sleep medicine in the entire country. Activities include accreditation/certification procedures, educational programs, annual national meetings, the development of guidelines and recommendations for different sleep disorders, promoting research and many other endeavors. The society also collaborates with other medical societies in discussions with state health care authorities and health insurance companies. Health insurance companies cover sleep medicine care by means of a DRG system for hospitalizations, and a point system for outpatient care. The majority of sleep medicine care is centralized, and medications are largely covered (e.g. modafinil and natrium oxybate are available to patients free of charge). Positive airway pressure devices are lent to patients by health insurance companies if treatment criteria for sleep breathing disorders are met and compliance is fulfilled. The absence of acknowledged specialization or sub- specialization in sleep medicine by the Czech Ministry of Health is the main challenge to be overcome.
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Wallace, Daniel J. "Economic impact and disability issues." In Lupus The Essential Clinician’s Guide, 91–92. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195368987.003.0013.

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Abstract Lupus costs the U.S. public approximately $20 billion a year in lost wages, disability, hospitalizations, medical visits, and medication. Direct costs account for one third, and indirect costs two thirds, of this amount.The overwhelming majority of lupus patients with non-organthreatening disease are employed full time, while 50% with organ involvement are disabled. U.S. government guidelines are written in a way that makes it relatively easy for the latter group to obtain Medicare insurance and receive Social Security disability payments if they have contributed money to the system. Patients with cutaneous disease should avoid outdoor jobs, cold avoidance is desirable if Raynaud’s phenomenon is present, and those with musculoskeletal impairments may benefit from vocational rehabilitation and an ergonomic evaluation of their workstation. Flexible hours are often desirable to accommodate fatigue and pacing issues. Parttime employment is possible for many lupus patients. Total permanent disability is not to be taken lightly. Disabled patients tend to be less independent, less socially interactive, and more depressed and to have less self-esteem.
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Conference papers on the topic "Hospitalization insurance"

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Baro, Everton F., Luiz S. Oliveira, and Alceu de Souza Britto Junior. "Predicting Hospitalization from Health Insurance Data." In 2022 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smc53654.2022.9945601.

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Yang Xie, Gunter Schreier, David C. W. Chang, Sandra Neubauer, Stephen J. Redmond, and Nigel H. Lovell. "Predicting number of hospitalization days based on health insurance claims data using bagged regression trees." In 2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6944181.

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Steuart, Shelby. "Do Cannabis PDMPs Change Physician Prescribing Behavior?" In 2022 Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.02.000.42.

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As legal medical cannabis has become widespread in the United States, cannabis-related emergency department visits have increased. One reason for this increase is that physicians cannot prescribe medical cannabis, leading to a situation where physicians must rely on their patients to tell them whether they use medical cannabis. Patients may withhold their use of cannabis from their physician out of fear of judgment or fear of changes to their prescriptions. At the same time, almost 400 medications have moderate or severe contraindications for use with cannabis, any of which could cause a poisoning severe enough to warrant hospitalization. To combat this problem of information asymmetry in patient cannabis use, about one-third of states with medical cannabis programs have added cannabis to their state Prescription Drug Monitoring Program (PDMP) over the past few years. This could lead to changes in the physician prescribing behavior, which may result in fewer accidental cannabis-related poisonings. I will explore this question through the application of robust difference-in-difference models to private and public insurance claims data as well as data from Electronic Medical Records.
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Belendiuk, KA, H. Trinh, MD Cascino, L. Dragone, D. Keebler, and J. Garg. "FRI0285 Lupus nephritis is associated with increased rates of hospitalization and in-hospital mortality compared with non-renal lupus and matched controls: an analysis of insurance claims data." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, 14–17 June, 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-eular.5526.

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Wu, C. H., S. Kher, A. LeClair, L. L. Price, N. Terrin, N. Kressin, A. Hanchate, S. Jillian, and K. M. Freund. "Impact of Insurance Stability on Racial Disparities in Hospitalizations for COPD." In American Thoracic Society 2021 International Conference, May 14-19, 2021 - San Diego, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2021.203.1_meetingabstracts.a1035.

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Japarova, Damira. "Health System Reform in Kyrgyzstan: Problems and Prospects." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c02.00368.

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Today all over the world costs of medical services are growing and alternative ways of effective financing of health care are being researched. During the reforms the Kyrgyz Republic introduced a system of compulsory medical insurance, the institution of family medicine and a "single payer" system. Methods of payment for hospital services flush to an artificial increase in the number of hospitalizations and unnecessary assignment of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. The main brake of health care reform is underfunding of sector. Improving health care is possible by limiting the free medical care. The replacement of free care by paid services occurs spontaneously, there are abuses and the shadow economy in health care. The Compulsory medical insurance doesn’t have such terms as an accident, insurance risk, and the current model in Kyrgyzstan is not a real model of insurance and serves as a kind of state-funding health care. The most part of the population in rural areas is not involved in the payment of health insurance due to unemployment. Patients pay a fee in addition to medication, and also carry out informal payments to doctors, that is, patient with co-payments have to repeatedly pay for the same medical service without a guarantee of a cure. Taking into account the experience of other countries, the imposition of patient payment for their own care is more just to bringing the patient for his treatment.
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Reports on the topic "Hospitalization insurance"

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Kaestner, Robert, Cuiping Long, and G. Caleb Alexander. Effects of Prescription Drug Insurance on Hospitalization and Mortality: Evidence from Medicare Part D. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19948.

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Chandra, Amitabh, Jonathan Gruber, and Robin McKnight. Patient Cost-Sharing, Hospitalization Offsets, and the Design of Optimal Health Insurance for the Elderly. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w12972.

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Arrieta, Alejandro, and Ariadna García Prado. Series of Avoidable Hospitalizations and Strengthening Primary Health Care: The Case of Chile. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006952.

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This paper studies the effect of ambulatory and hospital coinsurance rates on HACSC among individuals with private insurance in Chile. During the last decade, Chile's private health sector has experienced a dramatic increase in its hospitalization rates, growing at four times the rate of ambulatory visits (see graph 1). Such evolution has raised concern among policy makers, interested in promoting more preventive services, and a major use of ambulatory care. The growth on the prevalence of chronic diseases has also set up the alarm. A burden disease study made in 2007 shows that 84% of the total diseases in the country were non-communicable diseases (Universidad Católica de Chile, 2008). The 2003 National Health Survey showed that only a small fraction of those affected by a chronic disease had their condition under control (Bitrán et al, 2010). In this context, coinsurance can be a valuable tool for dealing with cost escalating problems in the health system while, at the same time, promoting more ambulatory visits and preventive services and less HCSC.
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Rast, Jessica E., Kaitlin H. Koffer Miller, Julianna Rava, Jonas C. Ventimiglia, Sha Tao, Jennifer Bromberg, Jennifer L. Ames, Lisa A. Croen, Alice Kuo, and Lindsay L. Shea. National Autism Indicators Report: Health and the COVID-19 Pandemic: July 2023. A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.17918/covidnair2023.

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The COVID-19 pandemic changed how autistic people accessed services and engaged in their communities, ultimately impacting their quality of life. Access to appropriate services and accommodations help autistic individuals in maintaining employment, pursuing education, caring for their health, and establishing independence. Changes in access to services result in long-term consequences, which can be dire for autistic people. In an effort to improve policies and programs for autistic individuals, documentation of disruptions in accessing services during the COVID-19 pandemic informs better evidence-based practices for future public health emergencies. This report examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health and healthcare among autistic children and adults. To build a comprehensive picture, we included various data sources, including health care claims and administrative records. We explored the availability of services for autistic children based on caregiver report from the National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH). To understand hospitalization covered by both private and public health insurance, we used national emergency hospitalization records (via the National Emergency Department Sample [NEDS]) and hospital admissions data (via the National Inpatient Sample [NIS]). Finally, we used patient medical records from Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) to look at service utilization among adult autistic patients from Northern California over the same period. These data sources cover various populations, some of which provide nationally representative pictures of autistic children and adults, others cover specific or regional populations but cover diverse populations in terms of income and race and ethnicity.
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Dafny, Leemore, and Jonathan Gruber. Does Public Insurance Improve the Efficiency of Medical Care? Medicaid Expansions and Child Hospitalizations. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w7555.

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