Journal articles: 'Hospitals – Waste disposal – Oregon'

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Klangsin, Pornwipa, and Anna K. Harding. "Medical Waste Treatment and Disposal Methods Used by Hospitals in Oregon, Washington, and Idaho." Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 48, no. 6 (June 1998): 516–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10473289.1998.10463706.

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Qadir, Murad, Rafat Murad, and Naveed Faraz. "HOSPITAL WASTE MANAGEMENT." Professional Medical Journal 23, no. 07 (July 10, 2016): 802–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2016.23.07.1642.

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Objectives: To evaluate the knowledge and practices of hospital administrationregarding hospital waste management at Tertiary Care Hospitals of Karachi. Study Design:Cross sectional study. Period: June 2014 to December 2014. Methods: Study was conductedin fifteen tertiary care hospitals. Five government, eight private and two trust hospitals wereselected by quota sampling technique. Information was collected from selected hospitalwaste management staff, using a pretested questionnaire regarding knowledge and practicesof hospital waste disposal. Results: Data shows that only 33.3% had knowledge regardinginfectious and noninfectious waste disposal and 27% of the understudy hospitals wereseparate infectious and noninfectious waste. Only 20% of the total hospitals were using propermethod for the separation of the sharps.93.3% hospital waste management staff was notvaccinated against hepatitis ‘B’ and tetanus. Only 53.3% hospitals have their own incineratorfacilities. Conclusions: This study showed that the practices employed by the hospital wastemanagement staff were not safe. There is a need to implement the recommended SOP’s ofhospital waste management program.

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AMIN, RAHEELAH, RUBINA GUL, and AMINA MEHRAB. "HOSPITAL WASTE MANAGEMENT;." Professional Medical Journal 20, no. 06 (December 15, 2013): 988–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2013.20.06.1684.

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Introduction: Hospital waste is a special type of waste which carries high potential of infection and injury. Objectives: Thisstudy was conducted to examine Medical Waste Management Practices in different hospitals of Peshawar. Methodology: Simpleobservational, cross-sectional study. was conducted with a case study approach. Aug-Sep 2011, with selection of 15 hospitals. The datawas collected through a pre-designed questionnaire with a checklist. Results: The study showed that 80% of the hospital personnel knewhospital waste and its management. There was waste management plan present in 30% of hospitals. Although hospitals did not quantifiedwaste amounts but on average the amount of waste generated daily was 0.5-1 kg/bed/day. Segregation into risk and non risk waste wasdone in 93.3% of hospitals. For non risk waste, disposal through Municipal Corporation was conducted in 86.67% of the hospitals, whilein 13.3%, it was burnt. For risk waste, either it was buried or burnt. Proper incineration was carried out in only 33.3% of the hospitals.Discussion: Hospital waste generation, segregation, collection, transportation & disposal practices were not in accordance with standardguidelines. The average waste generation in most of the hospitals was almost equivalent to other under developed countries but less thanthat of developed countries. Conclusions: The hospital waste in the majority of hospitals of Peshawar was mismanaged. No properhospital waste management plan existed except at few hospitals.

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BHATTI, MUHAMMAD AYAZ, Farah Rashid, KOMEL ZULFIQAR, Mirza Inamul Haq, and MOAZZAM ALI. "HOSPITALS." Professional Medical Journal 14, no. 04 (October 12, 2007): 639–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2007.14.04.4830.

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Objectives: To know the amount of total waste generated in the hospital daily,to know the types of waste and the amount of infectious waste generated daily, and to know about knowledge andattitude of the health care workers, doctors nurses and sanitary staff about hospital waste. Setting: The study areais the Pakistan Railway Hospital a tertiary level care Hospital consisting of 380 beds and all the essential Departments.Study Period: the study was conducted from June 2006 to September 2006. Material and methods: study design:This was a cross sectional study Single tertiary level care hospital was studied due to limitation of time and resources.Data collection: Data was collected by using structured questionnaire and weighing of one day (24 hours) waste fromall the units. Other relevant data was collected by structured interviews, meetings, discussions. Results: wastegenerated in twenty four hours is 229.75 Kg. The average waste generated per patient per day is 1.05 Kg, the quantityof infectious waste generated is 104.8 Kg i.e. 0.478 Kg per patient per day. Quantity of waste generated in order ofmaximum to minimum waste was Gynae/Obs 1.29Kg, Paediatrics1.15Kg, Surgery 1.13 followed by Orthopaedics0.80Kg, ENT 0.71 Medicine 0.48 and ophthalmology 0.4Kg all per bed per day. The responses show that all thecategories of hospital workers are nearly not having the proper knowledge about the hazards and therefore unable togive suggestion or solution of the problem. Conclusion: Health care waste management in Railway Hospital is in badshape. The general awareness on the subject is very much lacking both by the producers as well as handlers of waste.There is acute need for training and sensitization of managers, staff and sanitary staff for safe disposal of waste.

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Awe, Yewande, and Roger Awe. "Legislative and Scientific Aspects of Waste Disposal in Hospitals." Indoor and Built Environment 5, no. 1 (1996): 6–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000463680.

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Manjunatha, M., VC Sunil Kumar, Badami Vijetha, and P. R. Pradeep. "Biomedical Waste Management: A Review." Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry 6, no. 3 (2012): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/johcd-6-3-141.

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ABSTRACT Various national and international agencies have shown their concern towards proper handling, treatment and disposal of biomedical waste, as they may cause serious infectious diseases like hepatitis, tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS. Most of the hospitals do not have effective disposal system leading to complex problem of hygiene and sanitation in hospitals. The use of disposable items has reduced the rate of infection but at the same time has increased the volume of the waste which needs to be disposed properly. Effective waste disposal can be achieved only by considering the various components of the waste management system and this should be made an integral part of hospital planning and designing.

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Agrawal, Deepali, Parag Dalal, and J. K. Srivastava. "Biomedical Waste Management in Hospitals – A Review." IRA-International Journal of Technology & Engineering (ISSN 2455-4480) 7, no. 2 (May 27, 2017): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jte.v7.n2.p1.

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<div><p><em>Biomedical waste management is receiving larger attention because of recent regulations of the biomedical Wastes (Management &amp; Handling Rules, 1998). Inadequate management of biomedical waste may be associated with risks to healthcare employees, patients, communities and their environment. The current study was conducted to assess the quantities and proportions of different constituents of wastes, their handling, treatment and disposal way in numerous health-cares. In this research, we try to elaborate and discuss the of Bio-medical waste management procedure of Ujjain city. Various health care units were surveyed using a modified survey form for waste management. This form was obtained from the world Health Organization (WHO), with the aim of assessing the processing systems for biomedical waste disposal. Hazards related to poor biomedical waste management and shortcomings in the existing system were identified. The development of waste management policies, plans, and protocols are suggested, in addition to establishing training programs on correct waste management for all healthcare workers.</em></p></div>

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Awe, Yewande, and Roger Perry. "Review : Legislative and Scientific Aspects of Waste Disposal in Hospitals." Indoor and Built Environment 5, no. 1 (January 1996): 6–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x9600500104.

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Xu, Jin Ling, Xiu Feng Shen, and Shi Xue Li. "Research on Injurious Medical Waste Disposal for Small and Medium Sized Hospital." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 3459–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.3459.

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The injury medical waste is the most serious infectious, which serious impact on human health and environmental issues. There are many hidden dangers in the injury medical waste processing, particularly in small and medium-sized hospitals. The current situation, classify and hazard are analysed, as well as problems and difficulties in injury medical waste disposal. The disposal mechods and countermeasures are put forward to dispose the injury medical waste for small and medium-sized hospitals. The research has certain practical significance for injury medical waste disposal.

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Thirumala, S. "STUDY OF BIO-MEDICAL WASTE GENERATION AND MANAGEMENT IN VARIOUS HOSPITALS IN DAVANGERE CITY OF KARNATAKA, INDIA." Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU 03, no. 03 (September 2013): 022–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1703671.

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AbstractThis research article is to survey the practice of biomedical waste such as collection, storage, transportation and disposal along with the amount of generated biomedical waste in various hospitals in Davangere city, and create awareness among the staff and patient about biomedical wastes. The survey result on biomedical waste generation, disposal and methods adopted in various hospitals of Davangere city are discussed.

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Farzadkia, Mahdi, Arash Moradi, Mojtaba Shah Mohammadi, and Sahand Jorfi. "Hospital waste management status in Iran: a case study in the teaching hospitals of Iran University of Medical Sciences." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 27, no. 4 (June 2009): 384–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x09335703.

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Hospital waste materials pose a wide variety of health and safety hazards for patients and healthcare workers. Many of hospitals in Iran have neither a satisfactory waste disposal system nor a waste management and disposal policy. The main objective of this research was to investigate the solid waste management in the eight teaching hospitals of Iran University of Medical Sciences. In this cross-sectional study, the main stages of hospital waste management including generation, separation, collection, storage, and disposal of waste materials were assessed in these hospitals, located in Tehran city. The measurement was conducted through a questionnaire and direct observation by researchers. The data obtained was converted to a quantitative measure to evaluate the different management components. The results showed that the waste generation rate was 2.5 to 3.01 kg bed—1 day—1, which included 85 to 90% of domestic waste and 10 to 15% of infectious waste. The lack of separation between hazardous and non-hazardous waste, an absence of the necessary rules and regulations applying to the collection of waste from hospital wards and on-site transport to a temporary storage location, a lack of proper waste treatment, and disposal of hospital waste along with municipal garbage, were the main findings. In order to improve the existing conditions, some extensive research to assess the present situation in the hospitals of Iran, the compilation of rules and establishment of standards and effective training for the personnel are actions that are recommended.

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Odonkor, Stephen T., and Tahiru Mahami. "Healthcare waste management in Ghanaian hospitals: Associated public health and environmental challenges." Waste Management & Research 38, no. 8 (April 28, 2020): 831–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x20914748.

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Healthcare waste generation is an integral part of healthcare operations. Improper healthcare waste management and disposal can be detrimental to humans and the environment. The objective of this paper is to investigate the healthcare waste management practices, aiming to provide needed data to inform policy decisions. The study was conducted using a cross-sectional study. Quantitative data was obtained from 497 respondents who worked in 25 major healthcare facilities. Data was analyzed using (SPSS) version 23.0. Results indicated that 52.4% of respondents had knowledge about healthcare waste management. However, only 12% of the respondents were open to training in healthcare/biomedical waste management. Less than half of the respondent (47.5%) practiced waste segregation at the sources of generation. There were significantly more healthcare waste disposal materials available ( P = 0.001) in private than government and quasi-government hospitals. Based on the major findings of the study, we recommend that adequate training as well as Personal Protective Equipment (PPE’s) should be provided to healthcare professionals to improve healthcare waste management. Complacence in adhering to Healthcare waste disposal guideline must be addressed.

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Mishra, Urvashi, Sarjoo Patel, and Kushan Shah. "Medical waste management at different hospitals of Anand and nearby areas." Holistic approach to environment 11, no. 2 (February 9, 2021): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33765/thate.11.2.2.

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The increased number of hospitals with rising number of beds generate about 1.5 to 2 kg waste per day and per bed. This gives an insight about the volumes of waste generated from the government and private sector hospitals per day. Therefore, the hospital waste management is of utmost importance in the present public health scenario, where the occurrence and recurrence of the infectious diseases is a major public threat. The objective of this research was to find out how hospitals can benefit from improving medical waste management practices. In the questionnaire, survey questions were formulated for gathering data. The questionnaire was designed in such a way that it can provide general information about the hospital staff along with their knowledge about the medical waste and their concern regarding the waste disposal-training program. It was found that the importance was being laid on proper waste disposal only and much less focus was given on waste minimization and recycling of the waste. The study has found that the city can benefit both environmentally and economically by improving the medical waste management at different hospitals.

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Sembiring, Muhammad Ardiansyah, Donni Nasution, and Mustika Fitri larasati Sibuea. "Analisis Pemilihan Tempat Pembuangan Limbah Medis Menggunakan Metode Topsis." Prosiding Seminar Nasional Riset Information Science (SENARIS) 1 (September 30, 2019): 1114. http://dx.doi.org/10.30645/senaris.v1i0.124.

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Various types of medical waste produced from service activities in hospitals can endanger and cause health problems, especially during collection, sorting, shelter, storage, transportation and destruction and final disposal. In terms of disposal of medical waste, most existing hospitals work with other companies in the processing and disposal of their medical waste because there is no official medical waste disposal site available. With the above problems, the researchers are interested in conducting a research process to assist the relevant agencies in finding a solution to determine the location of appropriate disposal of medical waste through the application of information technology. The method used in this study is the TOPSIS (Technique for Others Reference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) method, which is one method in the Decision Support System (SPK). Based on the results and previous discussion, it can be concluded that Mandoge is the main choice in choosing the right place as a place for disposal of medical waste because it has the necessary criteria. Therefore the application of the topsis method can help determine good alternatives in a decision-making system for selecting the best Medical Waste disposal sites.

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Sadeghi, Mahdi, Abdolmajid Fadaei, and M. Ataee. "Assessment of hospitals medical waste management in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province in Iran." Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science 5, no. 2 (June 25, 2020): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2020.0502011.

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The hospital wastes could threaten the surface waters, ground waters, soil, air environment and humans’ health. This study was intended to investigate the management of medical waste generated in hospitals of Charharmahal and Bakhtiari province, located in south west of Iran. The samples came from all 9 province’s hospitals with 1156 beds. The data forms and questionnaires were completed. The questionnaire contained questions about the generation of waste and practices related to separation, collection, storage, transport, treatment and final disposal, and training and awareness. The highest generation rate on a bed basis of 3.22±0.4 kg/bed/day was found in Shohada hospital, and the lowest rate was 1.37±0.2 kg/bed/day for Sina hospital. There was significant variation (P<0.05). The average general waste production rate was 2.12±0.37 kg/bed/day at all the surveyed hospitals. The highest percentage (63%) of total medical wastes were general, 36.05% were infectious wastes. About 44.44% of the hospitals have used autoclave to disinfect their infectious medical waste prior to disposal, while incineration is used in 33.33% of the hospitals. All hospitals (100%) indicated their needs and willingness to participate in future specialized training programs in medical waste management. It has been suggested that enhancing the education, awareness and promoting programs about medical waste management for cleaning workers, doctors, nurses, and technicians.

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Liu, Ziyuan, Tianle Liu, Xingdong Liu, Aijing Wei, Xiaoxue Wang, Ying Yin, and You Li. "Research on Optimization of Healthcare Waste Management System Based on Green Governance Principle in the COVID-19 Pandemic." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 10 (May 17, 2021): 5316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105316.

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At present, strategies for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic have made significant and strategic strides; however, and the large quantities of healthcare treatment waste have become another important “battlefield”. For example, in Wuhan, the production rate of healthcare waste in hospitals, communities, temporary storage, and other units was much faster than the disposal rate during the COVID-19 pandemic. Improving the efficiency of healthcare waste transfer and treatment has become an important task for government health and environmental protection departments at all levels. Based on the situation of healthcare waste disposal in Wuhan during the critical period of the pandemic, this paper analyzes and studies green governance principles and summarizes the problems that exist in the current healthcare waste management system. Through the establishment of temporary storage facilities along transit routes, digital simulation and bionic experiments were carried out in the Hongshan District of Wuhan to improve the efficiency of healthcare waste transfer. Furthermore, this study discusses the coordination and cooperation of government, hospitals, communities, and other departments in the healthcare waste disposal process and provides guiding suggestions for healthcare waste disposal nationwide in order to deal with potential risks and provide effective references in all regions.

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Verma, Lalji K., Shyamala Mani, Nitu Sinha, and Sunita Rana. "Biomedical waste management in nursing homes and smaller hospitals in Delhi." Waste Management 28, no. 12 (December 2008): 2723–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2007.12.013.

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Samadder, Eti, Ashees Kumar Shaha, Irtiza Ahmed Chowdhury, Sajeda Khatun, China Rani Mittra, and Hafiza Sultana. "Knowledge and practices of health workers on safe disposal of sharp medical wastes in selected hospitals." Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 6, no. 4 (January 7, 2021): 802–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v6i4.51249.

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Sharp medical waste is infectious and hazardous because of their high potential diseases transmission and injury. It poses serious threats to environmental health. A cross sectional study was done to assess the level of knowledge and practices of health workers on safe disposal of sharp medical wastes. This study was done in Pirojpur Sadar Hospital, Nazirpur Upazilla Health Complex and Zia Nagar Upazilla Health Complex. Sample size was 200 Health Workers. A Semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used for data collection. The collected data were processed and analyzed with the help of SPSS (Version 20) software on the basis of different variables. The period of study was from January to December 2016. The study result shows that among 200 respondent mean age was 44.05 (±7.01) years. The designation varieties were nurses (70.0%), doctor (10.0%), Aya/ward boy (15.0%). This study found that, majority of the respondents had knowledge about the concept of medical waste and sharp medical waste. Among the respondents (90.0%) respondents knew the correct color bin to segregate sharp medical waste. Multiple responses of the respondents (80%) mentioned that they got information from Course curriculum. Knowledge of the respondents on sharp medical waste disposal (64.5%) had Good knowledge, (23%) had Fair Knowledge and (12.5%) had Poor Knowledge. Most of the respondents (47.5%) had Good practices, (33%) had Fair and (20%) had Poor practices regarding safe disposal of sharp medical waste disposal. Adequate supply of equipment’s and strict monitoring system should be established to improvement the practice of the health care providers regarding safe disposal of sharp medical waste. Training on sharp medical waste disposal will help the participants to improve their knowledge and practices. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 802-808

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Baranova, Antonina, Nataliia Samoilenko, and Inna Pitak. "FORECASTING OF FORMATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL GLASS WASTE TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE COVID-19 DATABASE." ScienceRise 4 (August 31, 2020): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2313-8416.2020.001392.

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Subject of research: forecasting the formation of pharmaceutical glass waste in medical institutions, taking into account the peculiarities of the use of medicines during the COVID-19 epidemic in Ukraine. Research problem: Predicting the formation and accumulation of pharmaceutical glass waste in hospitals in order to implement effective environmental management and determine the resource possibilities for further waste disposal. Main scientific results: A model has been developed that can be used to predict the generation of pharmaceutical waste from glass in hospitals in the country during an epidemic, as well as in the presence of the necessary input data in a non-epidemic period. Based on regression analysis and using the Minitab-19 software, the dependences of the volume of pharmaceutical waste from glass on three variable factors were determined. Using statistical data on the incidence of COVID-19 in Ukraine, using the developed model, the PGW volume in the Volyn region for a given period of time was calculated. The scope of practical application of the research results: planning of measures to improve the environmental safety of handling pharmaceutical glass waste; development of business models for the disposal of this waste. An innovative technological product: the predictive model helps to identify the resource possibilities of using pharmaceutical glass waste for industrial waste disposal. Scope of application of the innovative technological product: medical waste management, industrial disposal of pharmaceutical glass waste.

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Alwabr, Gawad M. A., Ahmed S. Al-Mikhlafi, Saif A. Al-Hakimi, and Munira A. Dughish. "Determination of medical waste composition in hospitals of Sana'a city, Yemen." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 20, no. 2 (July 25, 2016): 343–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v20i2.15.

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The composition analysis of medical waste is generally considered to be the fundamental information for the most basic steps in the development of a plan for solid hospitals waste management. The objectives of this study were to determine the quantity, generation rate, and the physical composition of medical waste generated in hospitals of Sana'a city, Yemen. This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted on the composition of hospital wastes generated in four governmental hospitals in Sana'a City. Purposive sampling was used in the selection of the hospitals, which included (Al-Thawra, Al-Kuwait, Republic, and Military). Results of this study showed that the daily average of the waste generated from the studied hospitals was 5615 kg/day. Approximately 26% of the total waste was hazardous (infectious, pathological, and chemical wastes). While 74% was a general (non-hazardous) waste. The average rate of the total waste generation was 3 kg/patient/day, and 2.5 kg/bed/day. The mean individual components of generated waste in the studied hospitals were; foods 27%, plastic 22%, paper/cardboard 22%, glass 11%, metals 10%, and others 8%. In conclusion, about 26% of the waste was hazardous. The physical component analysis of the waste indicated that the foods, plastic, and paper/cartoon has the highest content of the hospitals waste. Decision makers in Yemen can use this study information for designing and plan the properly management for the collecting system and the healthy disposal of the hazardous waste. Also, for estimating the total policy of required facilities, manpower, and other related costs.Keywords: Composition; medical waste; hospitals waste; Yemen

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Adu, Robert Ohene, Samuel Fosu Gyasi, David Kofi Essumang, and Kenneth Bentum Otabil. "Medical Waste-Sorting and Management Practices in Five Hospitals in Ghana." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2020 (March 4, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2934296.

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Hospital waste management in Ghana faces the risk of cross-contamination from the lack of thorough sorting of the waste at the points of generation, codisposal of hazardous and nonhazardous waste types, and use of open-fire pits and substandard incinerators for burning infectious waste. This has increased the potential for the spread of infections and chemical pollutants. A cross-sectional study was conducted in five hospitals in Ghana to assess behavioral patterns on waste sorting and the effectiveness of hospital waste management in Ghana. A total of 250 questionnaires were distributed purposively to some staff of the five hospitals to assess workers’ perceptions on medical waste sorting and handling. Additionally, focused group discussions and transect walks were adopted to examine the current collection, storage, treatment, and disposal methods used in the health facilities. Chi-square analyses showed significant differences in waste-sorting behavior based only on occupation (p<0.0001, n=180) and not on gender, education, or experience in the health sector. Even though contaminated sharps were separated into brown safety boxes, color coding for other infectious waste containers was inconsistent across the health facilities. The study revealed that incineration is still the modal method of treatment in Ghanaian hospitals and therefore new approaches such as an engineering approach were required to minimize its environmental effects. It is recommended that periodic in-service training workshops be held for healthcare staff on the right source-segregation of medical waste, in order to facilitate the effective and safe handling, transport, treatment, and disposal of waste from health facilities.

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Farshad, Aliasghar, Hamid Gholami, Mahdi Farzadkia, Roksana Mirkazemi, and Majid Kermani. "The safety of non-incineration waste disposal devices in four hospitals of Tehran." International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health 20, no. 3 (June 24, 2014): 258–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/2049396714y.0000000072.

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Aslan, Manar, and Ayşe Yıldız. "How blameless are hospitals in climate change? An example of a province in Turkey." Environmental & Socio-economic Studies 7, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/environ-2019-0023.

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Abstract Starting from the 1970s, the discussion about the negative effects of human activity on the world has accelerated and with a increasingly raised voice and it has been noted that the natural balance of our world was being altered. The World Health Organization has focused its policies and directives on strategies aimed on dealing with climate change (and its impact on human health), and diseases related to air pollution and implementing health-related sustainable development goals in climate friendly-hospitals. Hospitals exist to treat patients, but they also pollute the environment because hospitals consume a lot of energy and water and produce hazardous waste. These organizations need to work hard to improve their carbon footprints. The study investigated practices at 21 public hospitals in Konya, Turkey. Results show that domestic waste was on average 54.83 tons per year, medical waste was 33.59 tons per year and packing waste was 24.36 tons per year. It was determined that medical waste disposal costs on average of €26,800 per annum, and the amount of medical waste per bed was 1.15 kilograms per annum. According to 2014 medical waste data the average medical waste per bed of these hospitals in Konya province is less than the average in Turkish public hospitals, in which it is 1.18 kilograms per bed. The hospitals in our study were found to be especially inadequate at water management and did not pay much attention to green practices.

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D'souza, Bryal, Arun MS, and Bijoy Johnson. "Comparative Analysis of Cost of Biomedical Waste Management in Rural India." International Journal of Research Foundation of Hospital and Healthcare Administration 4, no. 1 (2016): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10035-1053.

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ABSTRACT Introduction The quantum of waste generated from medical care and activities is a global matter of concern. Improper management of biomedical waste (BMW) has a grave health impact on the community, health care professionals, and the environment.1 It is mandatory by law that every medical organization that generates waste should have a system, process, and resources in place for segregating BMW within the organization for proper disposal. The present article deals with the understanding of various costs associated in BMW management process that will help the health care organization to prioritize their spending and focus on areas that require spending to achieve compliance in process of BMW management. Materials and methods Descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out, to study the compliance of BMW management at three different hospitals with respect to Bio-Medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2011. A retrospective study was conducted to analyze cost data for a 1-year time period. Cost involved in BMW management was analyzed and classified as capital and recurring costs. The study was undertaken in Udupi taluk, and the taluk comprises 11 hospitals (1 Government and 10 private hospitals). The hospitals were selected using convenient sampling as taking permission to conduct the study was difficult. Only three hospitals were permitted to carry out the study. Results and discussion Compliance was found to be better in accredited hospital than in nonaccredited hospital. This could be attributed to strict adherence to standard operating procedures and regular training of staff. Cost involved in BMW management was analyzed as capital and recurring costs. Since most of the hospital outsource final disposal, capital costs are significantly less compared to recurring costs. Among the recurring costs, maximum expenditure is on consumables like color-coded bags. Cost per bed per day for handling BMW was calculated and it was found to be higher in smaller hospitals. How to cite this article Bryal D'souza, Arun MS, Johnson B. Comparative Analysis of Cost of Biomedical Waste Management in Rural India. Int J Res Foundation Hosp Healthc Adm 2016;4(1):11-15.

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Wang, Tzu-Chueh, Pou-Jen Ku, Hai-Lin Lu, Kung-Chuan Hsu, Damien Trezise, and Yu-Hsuan Hong. "Investigation and Analysis of Medication Disposal in Hospitals and Community Pharmacies in Taiwan." Sustainability 12, no. 1 (December 18, 2019): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010011.

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Taiwan offers affordable access to health care through the National Health Insurance (NHI) Program, but this increases the risk of waste of medications and pollution caused by improper disposal. This research aimed to: (1) understand methods of disposal of unused medications, and public awareness of related issues, (2) understand the sources and types of unused medications and reasons for their disposal, and (3) propose improvements to current disposal practices. Data on practices and perspectives on the disposal of medications were collected from members of the public using a questionnaire, and subjected to chi-square analysis of demographic variables. The survey found that many respondents disposed of medications inappropriately, but most believed the government should establish a return system. The majority of discarded medications came from hospitals, and were most frequently discarded because patients had forgotten to take them. Based on these findings, the study proposes that receiving stations be established across Taiwan for the safe and environmentally friendly disposal of unused medications, along with a system of monthly checks and compensation for pharmacists’ costs. The study also suggests that pharmacists strengthen medication guidance, spend more time on medication counseling, better understand the reasons for medication waste, and offer health education and advice to physicians and the public.

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Prihartanto, Mr. "PREDICTION OF MEDICAL HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION FROM COVID-19 PATIENT HANDLING HOSPITALS." Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Mitigasi Bencana 15, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.29122/jstmb.v15i1.4118.

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The Covid-19 pandemic disaster has resulted in thousands peoples died and hospitalized. Handling of Covid-19 patients requires more medical equipment than normal condition, such as masks, goggles, protective clothing and so on which will increase the rate of generation of medical waste. Prediction of the total medical hazardous waste generation in Indonesia can be calculated using the prediction model of the total number of Covid-19 cases and the average generation of medical waste for each one patient. In this study, the capacity of a hazardous waste incinerator in Indonesia is also calculated to determine the time needed for waste processing. Besides, standar procedures for handling medical hazardous waste from source to final disposal site are also needed.

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Batchelor, S., C. Baldock, and J. E. Saunders. "A survey of radioactive waste disposal arrangements in UK hospitals and medical research institutions." Journal of Radiological Protection 11, no. 4 (December 1991): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0952-4746/11/4/005.

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Rajpal, Shweta, Sunil Kumar Garg, Tanveer Bano, and Ganesh Singh. "Biomedical waste management awareness in public and private hospitals in a district of North India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 4 (March 23, 2018): 1499. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20181224.

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Background: For proper disposal of bio-medical waste, introduction of laws only is not sufficient enough but the development of healthcare system that creates awareness and promote effective enforcement of existing BMW management guidelines among all healthcare personnel assumes primary importance. This study was planned to assess the biomedical waste management awareness among paramedical and auxiliary personnel in public and private hospitals in Meerut city.Methods: A cross sectional observational study was carried out in 384 paramedical and sanitary staff of three government and three private hospitals of Meerut from November 2015 to October 2016. Information was collected on predesigned and pretested semi structured questionnaire. Scoring was done on the basis of response to each of the question awarding 1 mark to correct response and zero mark to wrong response. Score obtained between 0-5, 6-10 and 11-15 were labelled as poor, average and good knowledge respectively.Results: In the present study 68.7% (264) of studied paramedical and auxiliary staff was untrained in both public and private hospitals. However, the higher percentage of untrained staff was observed in public hospitals as compared to private hospitals for any category of staff. In public hospitals 28.1% nurses, 25.0% technicians, 15.0% ward boys/aaya, 29.7% sweepers had gone through training for Bio medical waste disposal as compared to 37.5%, 41.7%, 30.0% and 39.1% respectively in private hospitals.Conclusions: The overall awareness was found maximum among nurses as compared to technicians, ward boys/aaya and sweepers. On comparing the percentage of correct responses and scoring in public and private hospital workers, the paramedical and auxiliary staff of private hospitals had higher percentage of correct responses for most of questions. Intensive training programme at regular time interval should be done repeatedly to train and retrain all the staff, which may include question raising and problem solving approach.

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Askarian, Mehrdad, Mahmood Vakili, and Gholamhosein Kabir. "Results of a hospital waste survey in private hospitals in Fars province, Iran." Waste Management 24, no. 4 (January 2004): 347–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2003.09.008.

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Aneena Suresh, Oorvashree S, Jayalakshmi T, Ramyaa R S, and Ngawang Choedon. "A prospective cross-sectional study on knowledge and practices of healthcare professionals on biomedical waste management from Nilgiris district, Tamilnadu." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 12, no. 1 (January 20, 2021): 734–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v12i1.4176.

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This study was conducted to ascertain the knowledge and practices related to biomedical waste management in secondary care hospitals in our region. The required information was obtained using a simple questionnaire which included 2 parts, namely, knowledge and practices with 16 and 20 questions respectively. Out of the 80 respondents, 75 % were females. Nurses constituted a major fraction of healthcare professionals (70%) in hospitals. About 47.5% of the respondents had a working experience of 0-5 years. Females had better knowledge and practices in the disposal of medical wastes (91.14% and 94.998%) as compared to males (88.125% and 89%). There was a significant association of age with the knowledge (p= 0.013) and insignificant regarding practice (p= 0.998) of healthcare professionals. The knowledge and practices of all healthcare professionals were overall good. There was a significant association between a professional category of healthcare professionals with knowledge (p= 0.00000181) and practices (p= 0.003129) of medical waste disposal. The results of the investigation uncovered that healthcare professionals had great learning about the disposal of biomedical waste. It was additionally discovered that healthcare professionals adhered to the strategies and the rules related to biomedical waste management.

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Agudelo Cadavid, Ruth Marina, Alejandra Hoyos López, Gladis Cecilia Villegas Arias, and Mariluz Betancur Vélez. "INTERDISCIPLINARY ANALYSIS OF HAZARDOUS HOSPITAL WASTE MANAGEMENT IN TERTIARY HOSPITALS IN MEDELLIN." International Journal of Environment and Waste Management 26, no. 3 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijewm.2020.10028023.

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Arias, Gladis Cecilia Villegas, Mariluz Betancur Vélez, Ruth Marina Agudelo Cadavid, and Alejandra Hoyos López. "Interdisciplinary analysis of hazardous hospital waste management in tertiary hospitals in Medellin." International Journal of Environment and Waste Management 26, no. 3 (2020): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijewm.2020.109167.

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Al-Momani, Hesham, Mazen Obaidat, Atif Khazaleh, Osama Muneizel, Nour M. Afyouni, and Sayel M. Fayyad. "Review of medical waste management in Jordanian health care organisations." British Journal of Healthcare Management 25, no. 8 (August 2, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjhc.2019.0041.

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Background/Aims Medical waste, or clinical waste, is generated in hospitals, clinics, and pharmaceutical manufacturing as a result of the diagnosis, treatment and medicine that is being produced across the healthcare system. This waste can have a severe effect on both the environment and population health. Overall, between 75% and 90% of the waste produced by healthcare providers is non-risk general waste or domestic waste. It is therefore mandatory for healthcare organisations to have an effective medical waste management plan to eliminate real health and environmental hazards. Methods This article critically reviews literature that investigates the administrative procedures and collection protocols regarding medical waste. Results Several problems occur during the disposal of medical waste in hospitals in Jordan. The research demonstrates how effective waste management can reduce health risks and protect the environment. Conclusion Overall, there is a poor handling of medical waste, which extends to a lack of regulations that govern medical waste procedure.

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Stone, D., J. Sherman, and E. Hofeld. "Arsenic in Oregon community water systems: Demography matters." Science of The Total Environment 382, no. 1 (August 15, 2007): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.04.020.

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Liu, Hao, and Zhong Yao. "Research on Mixed and Classification Simulation Models of Medical Waste—A Case Study in Beijing, China." Sustainability 10, no. 11 (November 16, 2018): 4226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10114226.

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Medical waste has strict classification standards. However, in reality, the process of collection and disposal of most medical waste does not strictly follow the corresponding standards, thus resulting in great potential risks to people’s health. Our research analyzed existing problems with medical waste classification management, optimized the medical waste recycling business model, and then used the simulation software AnyLogic to design mixed and classification simulation models based on current literature regarding the standards of medical waste classification and composition in China. Furthermore, we simulated and calculated the generation of nonrecyclable medical waste, recyclable medical waste, and domestic waste in the three models based on 30,000 tons of medical waste generated in Beijing in 2015. We compared and analyzed the output, generation rate, disposal cost, recycling revenue, and cost–benefit based on the disposal cost standards of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Development and Reform and the China Renewable Resources Price Index in Beijing. The importance of strengthening the classification and recycling of medical waste was further validated by modeling and simulation. The study provides an important reference to hospitals, disposal plants, and government regulatory departments in their decision-making.

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Pal, Puspalata, and Dhirendra Kumar Sarangi. "Impact of Biomedical Waste on Cuttack City." Current World Environment 13, no. 2 (August 25, 2018): 259–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.13.2.11.

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Waste generated from health care centres and its management are emerging issues in India. The improper management of such wastes has adverse impact on health and environment. Though these wastes constitute a small portion of the total waste but very special handling , treatment and disposal are needed to manage such wastes because of their highly toxic and infectious nature. There are seven major specialized government hospitals in Cuttack City. According to the Chief District Medical Officer, Cuttack there are 131 registered and more than 300 unregistered nursing homes, clinics, pathology and diagnostics centres also which generate huge quantity of biomedical wastes. Most of the health care centres of the City are either dumping the wastes in the municipal bins or Mahanadi river and Taladanda canal side or hand over the waste to the unauthorised private parties. This is ultimately collected by rag pickers for reuse.Unlawful disposal of these wastes by healthcare cenres can contribute to the spread of serious diseases such as hepatitis, AIDS (HIV) and other deadly diseases. The present study focuses upon the management practice followed in Cuttack City by the Hospitals and and large number of other health care centres and the impact of biomedical waste on environment. According to the study ,the unethical open dumping and unsegregaed mixed biomedical waste were found in municipal bins is a serious health hazards for rag pickers and also to the hospital staff and the public. The study also found that wastes generated from the radio diagonostics centres, and the laboratory units disposed off directly into the municipal sewer without proper disinfection of pathogens, ultimately flowing to the river Mahanadi and Kathajodi and also to the Taladanda canal through various drains of the city. The results of the study showed that there is an adverse impact of the biomedical wastes on Cuttack city due to mismanagement which needs strict enforcement of laws and other legal provisions for better environmental management system for the disposal of biomedical waste in order to bring back congenial and healthy environment for city dwellers.

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Corrigall, R. S., C. J. Martin, and I. Watson. "Organisation of the disposal of radioactive sources from Scottish hospitals." Journal of Radiological Protection 24, no. 3 (August 28, 2004): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0952-4746/24/3/004.

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Torres-Andrade, Paola, Jed Cappellazzi, and Jeffrey J. Morrell. "Fungal colonization patterns of wood exposed out of soil contact in Western Oregon." International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 137 (February 2019): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2018.11.005.

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Thakur, Vikas, and A. Ramesh. "Healthcare waste disposal strategy selection using grey-AHP approach." Benchmarking: An International Journal 24, no. 3 (April 3, 2017): 735–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-09-2016-0138.

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Purpose Nowadays healthcare waste (HCW) has become a big challenge for the hospital management, especially, in developing countries like India. Like other developing countries, Indian healthcare waste disposal (HCWD) industry is also fragmented, as some hospitals are having their own in-house waste treatment facilities and others are outsourcing the process to government authorized Common Biomedical Waste Treatment Facilities. Literature also lacks the quantitative studies in selecting the HCWD strategy and, hence, the purpose of this paper is to identify and prioritize the factors, which affect the selection of HCWD strategy and to propose the model to select the HCWD strategy and to apply the proposed model to select the HCWD strategy in Uttarakhand, Northern State of India. Design/methodology/approach Grey theory-based analytic hierarchy process approach has been applied to evaluate the HCWD options and select the appropriate strategy for the healthcare facilities (HCFs). Findings From the literature, six criteria have been used to evaluate the HCWD strategies: “access to expertise,” “overdependence,” “transportation & risk associated,” “Government rules,” “environmental factors,” and “economic factors.” “Outsourcing” strategic option (0.61) got the higher desirability index than “in-house treatment” (0.39). Research limitations/implications The proposed methodology can be used by the researchers and experts in the field to evaluate the strategic options and select the appropriate strategy. Practical implications The HCFs and other generators of HCW can select the alternative, whether they should treat the infectious waste in-house or they should go for outsourcing. Originality/value In the field of HCW management, this is the first study of its kind, which helps to evaluate and select the HCWD strategies. The proposed model has been applied in Uttarakhand, Northern State of India to make the comparison between “in-house” and “outsource” strategies.

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Mwinuka, Tito E., and Bravo B. Nyichomba. "Handling of Syringe Sharps in A Non-Incineration Health Care Waste Disposal." Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology 36, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.52339/tjet.v36i2.478.

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An attempt has been made by the R&D team of the University of Dar es Salaam todesign and manufacture two needle cutter prototypes, a manually operated and anautomatic needle cutter to be used in rural and urban areas, respectively. This is part ofthe UNDP and WHO efforts aimed at promoting the non-burn medical waste disposaltechnologies in developing countries such as Argentina, India, Latvia, Lebanon,Philippines, Senegal, Tanzania and Vietnam. The project also involves designing andmanufacturing of the autoclaves for sterilizing of needle cutters and other infectiousmedical waste. The use of needle cutters in hospitals is aimed at cutting the needles offfrom syringes hence eliminating the possibility of being re-used as may be the case ifthey are just buried in landfills. The needles and plastic barrels of the syringes are thensterilized at 121 o C in an autoclave before disposing them in land-fills or recycling them.It should be noted that unlike manual needle cutters, automatic needle cutters do not adda step in administering injection and hence they are likely to be accepted by nurses andhealth care authorities. Two types of automatic cutter prototypes were developed byUDSM R&D Team; one using pneumatic mechanisms and the other one using a 12V-DC motor to cut the syringe needles and to push the plastic barrel into the wastecontainer. Of the two, the 12V-DC motor operated mechanism was found to beaffordable and suitable for use in rural areas also since it can easily use solar power.The above prototypes have already been manufactured and tested and found to beworking properly. Views of various stakeholders were used to improve and perfect thedesigns. The costs of these prototypes are estimated to be USD 50 and 150 for manuallyoperated needle cutter and 12V-DC operated needle cutter, respectively. Thesetechnologies, except the automatic needle cutters, have already been disseminated tolocal producers so as to be able to manufacture the same in mass production and atmuch more affordable costs. Training on the use of non-burn technologies includingmanagement of medical waste is essential for successful implementation of thesetechnologies. There is a need also to sensitize the Government, Municipal Authoritiesand Healthcare Authorities including hospitals on non-burn disposal of medical wastefor the project to be successful.

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Taghipour, Hassan, and Mohammad Mosaferi. "The challenge of medical waste management: a case study in northwest Iran-Tabriz." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 27, no. 4 (May 26, 2009): 328–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x08104132.

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This article presents the results of a descriptive cross-sectional study on medical waste management in Tabriz (Iran's fourth largest city). The study was conducted in 10 of 25 active hospitals of the city in the summer of 2007. The methodology of the present study was based on data collected from hospitals through a checklist, site visits (observation), and quantity analysis by weight. The results indicated that more than 13.59 tonnes day—1 of total medical waste and 4.06 tonnes day—1 of hazardous-infectious medical waste are generated by the active hospitals of the city. Currently, there are no practical instructions, or suitable supervision on different levels of waste management. The health authorities and hospital managers do not accept sufficient responsibility for the medical waste due to financial problems and the lack of awareness regarding the hazards of medical waste. Segregation and minimization of waste are not carried out correctly in any of the hospitals. The use of protective measures by staff and temporary storage areas was not in agreement with standards in 70 and 60% of the hospitals in the present study, respectively. About 50% of the hospitals had been equipped with an incinerator, but all but one (10%) of them had been phased out due to operation and maintenance problems, air pollution, etc. Almost all of the hospitals have a waste management officer, but there is not an effective training programme for the staff. Infectious-hazardous medical waste is mixed with general waste, and it is disposed of in a municipal waste landfill, which is an unsanitary dumpsite. Illegal segregation and recycling of medical waste is carried out at the final disposal site; therefore, there are concerns about environmental pollution and the transmission of infectious diseases. It is proposed that, through the allocation of increased budgets, implementation of integrated segregation, minimization of waste, and creation of a training programme in the hospitals, the quantity of medical waste would be decreased (by about 70.11%). Considering the previous unsuccessful experience of on-site incineration in Tabriz (and in Iran's other large cites), an amendment should be made to Iran's current hazardous waste regulations to have infectious-hazardous waste sent to a central off-site autoclave or incinerator for treatment. The off-site autoclave would have some advantages, such as decreased air pollution. Of course, some health officials oppose this plan. To test this plan and receive the official's approval, a central off-site autoclave can be put into practice as a pilot.

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Liu, Ziyuan, Zhi Li, Weiming Chen, Yunpu Zhao, Hanxun Yue, and Zhenzhen Wu. "Path Optimization of Medical Waste Transport Routes in the Emergent Public Health Event of COVID-19: A Hybrid Optimization Algorithm Based on the Immune–Ant Colony Algorithm." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 16 (August 12, 2020): 5831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165831.

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In response to the emergent public health event of COVID-19, the efficiency of transport of medical waste from hospitals to disposal stations is a worthwhile issue to study. In this paper, based on the actual situation of COVID-19 and environmental impact assessment guidelines, an immune algorithm is used to establish a location model of urban medical waste storage sites. In view of the selection of temporary storage stations and realistic transportation demand, an efficiency-of-transport model of medical waste between hospitals and temporary storage stations is established by using an ant colony–tabu hybrid algorithm. In order to specify such status, Wuhan city in Hubei Province, China—considered the first city to suffer from COVID-19—was chosen as an example of verification; the two-level model and the immune algorithm–ant colony optimization–tabu search (IA–ACO–TS) algorithm were used for simulation and testing, which achieved good verification. To a certain extent, the model and the algorithm are proposed to solve the problem of medical waste disposal, based on transit temporary storage stations, which we are convinced will have far-reaching significance for China and other countries to dispatch medical waste in response to such public health emergencies.

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Islam, MA, MN Mobin, MA Baten, MAM Hossen, and MJ Islam. "Hospital Waste Generation and Management in Mymensingh Municipality." Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 8, no. 1 (August 24, 2015): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v8i1.24686.

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The study was conducted on hospital waste generation in Mymensingh municipality and also its management technique. Data was collected through questionnaire interview from local residents, superintendents, nurses, observation and secondary sources. The results revealed that wastes are collected every alternative day and though sometime in irregular basis. Hospital wastes causes different health hazards like bad smell, infestation of animals, diarrhoea, skin diseases etc. due to irregular collection, unsafe handling, disposal, storage, transportation and finally dumped with municipal wastes. Shortage of dustbin is common in every hospitals and clinics in Mymensingh municipality. The study also revealed that 1500-2000 kg wastes were generated per day in Mymensingh municipality area in which 25% infectious and 75% non- infectious. These huge amount of wastes could be treated or disposed by the process like incineration, deep-burial, local autoclaving, micro waving, disinfections destruction & drugs disposal in secured landfills, chemical treatment etc.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(1): 135-138 2015

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Borowy, Iris. "Medical waste: the dark side of healthcare." História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos 27, suppl 1 (September 2020): 231–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-59702020000300012.

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Abstract Hospitals and other health facilities generate an ever-increasing amount of waste, approximately 15% of which may be infectious, toxic, or radioactive. The World Health Organization has been addressing the issue since the 1980s. After initially focusing on high-income countries, it then focused on low-income countries, with unsafe disposal methods in landfills and inadequate incinerators as major concerns. Gradually, the understanding of the issue has undergone several shifts, including from a focus on the component of medical waste considered “hazardous” to all forms of waste, and from accepting medical waste as a necessary downside of high-quality healthcare to seeing the avoidance of healthcare waste as a component of high quality healthcare.

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Kalantary, Roshanak Rezaei, Arsalan Jamshidi, Mohammad Mehdi Golbini Mofrad, Ahmad Jonidi Jafari, Neda Heidari, Saeid Fallahizadeh, Mohsen Hesami Arani, and Javad Torkashvand. "Effect of COVID-19 pandemic on medical waste management: a case study." Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering 19, no. 1 (March 18, 2021): 831–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40201-021-00650-9.

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AbstractCovid-19 Pandemic leads to medical services for the society all over the world. The Covid-19 pandemic influence the waste management and specially medical waste management. In this study, the effect of the Covid-19 outbreak on medical waste was evaluated via assessing the solid waste generation, composition, and management status in five hospitals in Iran. The results indicated that the epidemic Covid-19 leads to increased waste generation on average 102.2 % in both private and public hospitals. In addition, the ratio of infectious waste in the studied hospitals increased by an average of 9 % in medical waste composition and 121 % compared with before COVID-19 pandemic. Changes in plans and management measurement such as increasing the frequency of waste collection per week leads to lower the risk of infection transmission from medical waste in the studied hospitals. The results obtained from the present research clearly show the changes in medical waste generation and waste composition within pandemic Covid-19. In addition, established new ward, Covid-19 ward with high-infected waste led to new challenges which should be managed properly by change in routine activities.

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Costa, Clauber A., Camila C. Maia, Arthur Co Neves, Raphael T. de Vasconcelos Barros, and Marcos PG Mol. "Profile of highly infected wastes generated by hospitals: A case in Belo Horizonte, Brazil." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 37, no. 6 (May 13, 2019): 643–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x19846296.

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Healthcare wastes are generated in facilities whose activities are related to human or animal healthcare. Wastes with high infectious potential risk to human health and the environment must be managed carefully, from generation to its final disposal. However, there is an absence of consolidated data addressing the healthcare waste qualitative classification generated by hospitals of a large city. Therefore, the present study aims to characterise qualitatively the high infectious waste generated by hospitals from Belo Horizonte city, Brazil, whose Health Services Waste Management Plan were approved and certificated by the municipal cleansing autarchy. Differences in the types of infectious wastes generated in maternity hospitals were identified ( p 0.034), when compared with general ( p 0.189), low ( p 0.549) and high complexity ( p 0.619), which can be explained owing to the extended hospital activities. This information suggests a similar profile of the qualitative generation of infectious wastes by hospital categories, as expected. The largest generation and diversity of high-infected wastes are associated with a greater variety of activities provided. The segregation can be considered as the main step in healthcare waste management, therefore, it is concluded that the correct classification leads to a better understanding of all those involved in the healthcare waste management.

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Nemathaga, Felicia, Sally Maringa, and Luke Chimuka. "Hospital solid waste management practices in Limpopo Province, South Africa: A case study of two hospitals." Waste Management 28, no. 7 (January 2008): 1236–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2007.03.033.

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Ishtiaq, Palvisha, Sharfuddin Ahmed Khan, and Moiz-ul Haq. "A multi-criteria decision-making approach to rank supplier selection criteria for hospital waste management: A case from Pakistan." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 36, no. 4 (February 16, 2018): 386–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x18755894.

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To address environmental issues and cost effectiveness, waste management is necessary for healthcare facilities. Most importantly, segregation of hazardous and non-hazardous waste must be done as in many developing countries; disposal of both types of healthcare waste is done together, which is an unsafe practice. Waste generated in hospitals needs proper management to minimise hazards for patient and healthcare workers. At the same time, it is quite difficult for hospitals to find a systematic way to select appropriate suppliers for hospital waste management. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to identify, validate, and rank criteria that are essential for hospital waste management suppliers’ selection. The analytical hierarchal process approach has been used and a survey from Pakistan’s largest city (Karachi) has been considered to rank the most appropriate criteria that is necessary to select the supplier, especially in a developing country like Pakistan. Results show that waste management cost (45.5%) and suppliers’ details (31.5%) are the top two main criteria for supplier selection; and storage cost (15.7%), waste handling cost (14.7%), and qualification of the suppliers (10.9%) are the top three most important overall sub-criteria for supplier selection for hospital waste management.

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Putri, Anggreany Haryani. "EFEKTIVITAS PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH MEDIS RUMAH SAKIT TERHADAP DAMPAK LINGKUNGAN HIDUP." KRTHA BHAYANGKARA 12, no. 1 (June 18, 2018): 78–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31599/krtha.v12i1.31.

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The hospital is where the health services are operated and maintained with the utmost regard for the building and environmental hygiene aspect both physically, waste, liquid waste, clean water and insect/pest animals.Akantetapi to create the hygiene in hospitals is an attempt which is quite difficult and complex nature of the dealing with various aspects of, among others, culture/society behaviors, habits, environmental conditions, social and technological. Hospital waste is any waste generated by the activities of the hospital and other supporting activities.Hospital waste, in particular the infectious medical waste that has not been in the manage well will be catastrophic for the environment.Many hospitals have yet to manage infectious wastes according procedural should be.Not rare cases medical and non medical waste mixed giving rise to the problem of medical waste. Hospital waste processing can be done in various ways, by giving priority to sterilization, namely in the form of a reduction in volume, the use of sterilization must return with the first, recycling and processing.The most important thing in the processing of waste is the separation of waste, waste storage, handling of waste and waste disposal must be in accordance with the provisions of the regulations.So as not to give a negative impact to the environment.

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Yang, Jing, Zhen Fu Chen, Yuan Chu Gan, and Qiu Wang Tao. "Research Progress on Radiation Shielding Concrete." Applied Mechanics and Materials 253-255 (December 2012): 303–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.253-255.303.

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Radiation shielding concrete is widely used in nuclear power plants, accelerators, hospitals, etc. With the development of nuclear industry technology, research on radiation shielding material properties is of great importance. Research on properties of radiation shielding concrete with different aggregates or admixtures and the effect of high temperature on the performance of shielding concrete are introduced. Along with the nuclear waste increase, shielding concrete durability and nuclear waste disposal are getting paramount.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Hospitals – Waste disposal – Oregon'

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