Academic literature on the topic 'Host-parasite relationships. Parasites Adaptation (Biology)'

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Journal articles on the topic "Host-parasite relationships. Parasites Adaptation (Biology)"

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GREGORY, W., and R. MAIZELS. "Cystatins from filarial parasites: Evolution, adaptation and function in the host–parasite relationship☆." International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology 40, no. 6-7 (2008): 1389–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2007.11.012.

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Kupfer, Tom R., and Daniel M. T. Fessler. "Ectoparasite defence in humans: relationships to pathogen avoidance and clinical implications." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 373, no. 1751 (2018): 20170207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2017.0207.

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Currently, disgust is regarded as the main adaptation for defence against pathogens and parasites in humans. Disgust's motivational and behavioural features, including withdrawal, nausea, appetite suppression and the urge to vomit, defend effectively against ingesting or touching sources of pathogens. However, ectoparasites do not attack their hosts via ingestion, but rather actively attach themselves to the body surface. Accordingly, by itself, disgust offers limited defence against ectoparasites. We propose that, like non-human animals, humans have a distinct ectoparasite defence system that
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de Koning, Audrey P., and Patrick J. Keeling. "Nucleus-Encoded Genes for Plastid-Targeted Proteins in Helicosporidium: Functional Diversity of a Cryptic Plastid in a Parasitic Alga." Eukaryotic Cell 3, no. 5 (2004): 1198–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.3.5.1198-1205.2004.

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ABSTRACT Plastids are the organelles of plants and algae that house photosynthesis and many other biochemical pathways. Plastids contain a small genome, but most of their proteins are encoded in the nucleus and posttranslationally targeted to the organelle. When plants and algae lose photosynthesis, they virtually always retain a highly reduced “cryptic” plastid. Cryptic plastids are known to exist in many organisms, although their metabolic functions are seldom understood. The best-studied example of a cryptic plastid is from the intracellular malaria parasite, Plasmodium, which has retained
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Acosta-Leal, R., S. Duffy, Z. Xiong, R. W. Hammond, and S. F. Elena. "Advances in Plant Virus Evolution: Translating Evolutionary Insights into Better Disease Management." Phytopathology® 101, no. 10 (2011): 1136–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-01-11-0017.

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Recent studies in plant virus evolution are revealing that genetic structure and behavior of virus and viroid populations can explain important pathogenic properties of these agents, such as host resistance breakdown, disease severity, and host shifting, among others. Genetic variation is essential for the survival of organisms. The exploration of how these subcellular parasites generate and maintain a certain frequency of mutations at the intra- and inter-host levels is revealing novel molecular virus–plant interactions. They emphasize the role of host environment in the dynamic genetic compo
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Strona, Giovanni, and Simone Fattorini. "A Few Good Reasons Why Species-Area Relationships Do Not Work for Parasites." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/271680.

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Several studies failed to find strong relationships between the biological and ecological features of a host and the number of parasite species it harbours. In particular, host body size and geographical range are generally only weak predictors of parasite species richness, especially when host phylogeny and sampling effort are taken into account. These results, however, have been recently challenged by a meta-analytic study that suggested a prominent role of host body size and range extent in determining parasite species richness (species-area relationships). Here we argue that, in general, r
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Dissous, Colette, Naji Khayath, Jérôme Vicogne, and Monique Capron. "Growth factor receptors in helminth parasites: Signalling and host-parasite relationships." FEBS Letters 580, no. 12 (2006): 2968–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2006.03.046.

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Farrell, Maxwell J., Andrew W. Park, Clayton E. Cressler, et al. "The ghost of hosts past: impacts of host extinction on parasite specificity." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 376, no. 1837 (2021): 20200351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0351.

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A growing body of research is focused on the extinction of parasite species in response to host endangerment and declines. Beyond the loss of parasite species richness, host extinction can impact apparent parasite host specificity, as measured by host richness or the phylogenetic distances among hosts. Such impacts on the distribution of parasites across the host phylogeny can have knock-on effects that may reshape the adaptation of both hosts and parasites, ultimately shifting the evolutionary landscape underlying the potential for emergence and the evolution of virulence across hosts. Here,
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Seppälä, Otto, E. Tellervo Valtonen, and Daniel P. Benesh. "Host manipulation by parasites in the world of dead-end predators: adaptation to enhance transmission?" Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 275, no. 1643 (2008): 1611–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2008.0152.

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Trophically transmitted parasites often alter their intermediate host's phenotype, thereby predisposing the hosts to increased predation. This is generally considered a parasite strategy evolved to enhance transmission to the next hosts. However, the adaptive value of host manipulation is not clear as it may be associated with costs, such as increased susceptibility to predators that are unsuitable next hosts for the parasites. We examined the ratio between the benefits and costs of host manipulation for transmission success of Acanthocephalus lucii (Acanthocephala), a parasite that alters the
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Thompson, R. C. A., and A. J. Lymbery. "Genetic variability in parasites and host—parasite interactions." Parasitology 112, S1 (1996): S7—S22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000076629.

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SUMMARYWe have examined genetic variability in parasites in the context of ecological interactions with the host. Recent research onEchinococcus, GiardiaandCryptosporidiumhas been used to illustrate: (i) the problems that parasite variability and species recognition pose for understanding the complex and often controversial relationship between parasite and host occurrence; (ii) the need for accurate parasite characterization and the application of appropriate molecular techniques to studies on parasite transmission if fundamental questions about zoonotic relationships and risk factors are to
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Lafferty, Kevin D. "Biodiversity loss decreases parasite diversity: theory and patterns." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 367, no. 1604 (2012): 2814–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0110.

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Past models have suggested host–parasite coextinction could lead to linear, or concave down relationships between free-living species richness and parasite richness. I explored several models for the relationship between parasite richness and biodiversity loss. Life cycle complexity, low generality of parasites and sensitivity of hosts reduced the robustness of parasite species to the loss of free-living species diversity. Food-web complexity and the ordering of extinctions altered these relationships in unpredictable ways. Each disassembly of a food web resulted in a unique relationship betwe
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