Journal articles: 'Hot compression molding'

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Wang, Youmin, Xiangli Li, and He Sui. "Numerical Investigation and Mold Optimization of the Automobile Coat Rack Compression Molding." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2021 (April 30, 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6665753.

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In order to have more accurate control over the compression molding of automobile coat rack, improve the quality of molding products, and achieve the goal of lightweight design, a novel mechanical model for the main two-layer composite structure of the coat rack is proposed. In this regard, the main factors affecting the mechanical properties of the composite structure are obtained. The hot air convection is selected for the sheet preheating. During the experiment, the hot air temperature, preheating time, molding pressure, and pressing holding time are set to 250°C, 110 s, 13 MPa, and 80 s, respectively. Moreover, the error compensation method is applied to compensate for the shrinkage of the product during solidification and cooling. The LS-DYNA finite element software is used to simulate the molding process of the main body of the coat rack, and the node force information with large deformation is obtained accordingly. The load mapping is used as the boundary condition of mold topology optimization, and the compression molding of the main body of the coat rack is optimized. A lightweight design process and method for the compression molding of automotive interior parts and a mathematical model for the optimization of the solid isotropic material penalty (SIMP) (power law) material interpolation of the concave and convex molds are established. Based on the variable density method, OptiStruct is used for the lightweight design of the convex and concave molds of the main body of the coat rack, which reduces the mold weight by 15.6% and meets the requirements of production quality and lightweight.

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Liu, Yi, Guan Liu, Zhan Fu, Yi Ping Li, and Hong Wu Guo. "The Pattern Simulation of New Woodiness Restructuring Decoration." Applied Mechanics and Materials 184-185 (June 2012): 1328–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.184-185.1328.

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This paper used pattern design, colour design and mold design comprehensively, using compression molding and simulated carving technology, studying a way to realize the pattern simulation of woodiness restructuring decoration. The result showed that it’s feasible to simulate pattern of new woodiness restructuring decoration, and the adornment effect was good. The line of the simulated pattern needed to be smooth. it’s better for the color in per unit area to be less. During the compression molding of board, the key point of decorative pattern simulation was the mould design. As adornment material instead of structural one, the technological parameters such as impregnation, pressure of hot pressing, time of hot pressing process during the process of preparation had a small effect on the adornment of board.

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Wen, Shao Guo, Yan Shen, Ji Hu Wang, Hing Bo Liu, Qian Xu, and Shi Gao Song. "Surface Modification of the UHMW-PE Film Processing by Hot Compression Molding." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 703–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.703.

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The properties of UHMW-PE film produced by hot compression molding and films modified by acid and anti-static agent were characterized. The results showed that: a) the thickness distributing of the film which processing by calendar rolling with conventional design roller is inhomogeneity; the tensile strength was 37.22 MPa, the elongation at break was 368.00%; the transmittance increases with wavelength redshift shows short-wave absorption and long-wave transmission; initial temperature of dissociation is 320°C; the surface resistance 1010 Ω and maximum is higher than 1016 Ω. b) Acid modification the surface of UHMW-PE film moderates the surface antistatic performance. C) After modified the film with external anti-static agent, the surface resistance was around 107Ω, but anti-static properties loss rapidly after friction. If modified the film with internal anti-static agent, the surface resistance was around 1010 Ω and have a long-lasting anti-static effect.

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Mazur, Rogério L., Geraldo M. Cândido, Mirabel C. Rezende, and Edson C. Botelho. "Accelerated aging effects on carbon fiber PEKK composites manufactured by hot compression molding." Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 29, no. 10 (2016): 1429–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0892705714564283.

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An Zhen-Lian, Yang Qiang, Zheng Fei-Hu, and Zhang Ye-Wen. "Space charges formed in the hot compression molding process of low density polyethylene." Acta Physica Sinica 56, no. 9 (2007): 5502. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.56.5502.

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Qian, Dongsheng, Ziyi Ye, Libo Pan, Zhijiang Zuo, Dongwang Yang, and Yonggao Yan. "The Mechanical and Thermoelectric Properties of Bi2Te3-Based Alloy Prepared by Constrained Hot Compression Technique." Metals 11, no. 7 (2021): 1060. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11071060.

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This study proposes a constrained hot compression-molding (CHCM) technique for preparing Bi2Te3-based alloys. This method overcomes the problem of easy cleavage and destruction for the zone-melted Bi2Te3-based alloy, which is beneficial to improve the material utilization rate and thermoelectric devices yield in the commercial manufacturing process. The stress field distribution inside the CHCM specimen is explored via finite element analysis. The compressive strength of the CHCM sample is above 44 MPa, which is about 38% higher than that of the zone melting (ZM) material. Meanwhile, the CHCM sample shows a much lower electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, but a higher Seebeck coefficient than that of the ZM sample, which is mainly due to the increase of the line defect concentration induced by the CHCM process. Finally, a maximum thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) value of 0.6 was achieved for CHCM sample.

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M. Khairul Zaimy, A. G., Anika Zafiah, M. Rus, Najibah Ab Latif, and S. Nurulsaidatulsyida. "Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Waste Bio-Polymer Compound by Hot Compression Molding Technique." JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND SCIENCES 5 (December 30, 2013): 582–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/jmes.5.2013.4.0055.

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Cao, Bin, Sheng Ling Xiao, and Xiao Qing Pan. "Research on Influencing Factors of Wood Residual Fiber Foaming Cushion Material." Advanced Materials Research 511 (April 2012): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.511.46.

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A wood residual fiber foaming cushion material was prepared by using gathered wood fiber as main raw material, starch/PVA adhesive as matrix, adding a certain amount of foaming agent and related additives, hot compression molding to shape up. This paper makes an investigation of single factor on the product’s surface quality and related mechanical property. Results show that with the amount of wood residual fiber increases, the rebound resilience of the product first increases then decreases. The density decreases along with the amount of foaming agent increases. The compression strength and compression modulus of the product increases along with the amount of wood residual fiber increases, it decreases along with the amount of foaming agent increases.

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Zhu, Zhi Yan, and Xin Gang Zhou. "The Physical and Mechanical Behavior of Hot Press Mould WPCs." Advanced Materials Research 399-401 (November 2011): 305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.399-401.305.

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WPCs are wood plastic composites materials. Currently most of WPCs are manufactured by extrude technology. In order to enhance the production efficiency, a new manufacture technology called hot press molding (HPM) has been developed. The remarkable advantages of the so-called HPM WPCs are that large dimension board from 600mm×600mm×3mm to 3500mm×3500mm ×60mm can be multi-moulded in one time. In this paper, the HPM WPCs’ process mechanism and technology is introduced, and the physical and mechanical behavior of the HPM WPCs board is tested and studied. Test and research have shown that the physical and mechanical property of HPM WPCs is good. It is an idea substitute material of timber. The water absorption of HPM WPCs is only 10.3%, the moisture dilation is only 1.10%, the dimensional changes after heated is 2.31%, etc. , physical behavior is better than that of normal timber. Besides that, the mechanical behavior is better than that of timber as well. The ultimate bending strength can reach 14.1MPa, the ultimate compression strength can reach 31.3MPa, and the compression modulus is 3618MPa.

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Fang, Li Ming, Yang Leng, and Ping Gao. "Effect of HA Content on Mechanical Properties of Hot Drawn HA/UHMWPE Nanocomposites for Bone Substitutes." Key Engineering Materials 334-335 (March 2007): 701–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.334-335.701.

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Hydroxyapatite reinforced ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (HA/UHMWPE) nanocomposites with HA volume fraction 0.1~0.5 are processed by twin-screw extrusion compounding and compression molding followed by hot drawing. SEM micrographs show that HA nano-particles are homogeneously dispersed in the highly oriented UHMWPE inter-fibrils. Tensile tests show that the modulus increases, while the strength and ductility decrease, with the increase of HA content. A good combination of mechanical properties can be obtained in the composite with HA nano-particles volume fraction 0.3.

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Shadambikar, Gauri, Thomas Kipping, Nicole Di-Gallo, et al. "Vacuum Compression Molding as a Screening Tool to Investigate Carrier Suitability for Hot-Melt Extrusion Formulations." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 11 (2020): 1019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12111019.

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Hot-melt extrusion (HME) is the most preferred and effective method for manufacturing amorphous solid dispersions at production scale, but it consumes large amounts of samples when used for formulation development. Herein, we show a novel approach to screen the polymers by overcoming the disadvantage of conventional HME screening by using a minimum quantity of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). Vacuum Compression Molding (VCM) is a fusion-based method to form solid specimens starting from powders. This study aimed to investigate the processability of VCM for the creation of amorphous formulations and to compare its results with HME-processed formulations. Mixtures of indomethacin (IND) with drug carriers (Parteck® MXP, Soluplus®, Kollidon® VA 64, Eudragit® EPO) were processed using VCM and extrusion technology. Thermal characterization was performed using differential scanning calorimetry, and the solid-state was analyzed via X-ray powder diffraction. Dissolution studies in the simulated gastric fluid were performed to evaluate the drug release. Both technologies showed similar results proving the effectiveness of VCM as a screening tool for HME-based formulations.

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Kuan, Hoo Tien Nicholas, Meng Chuen Lee, Amir Azam Khan, and Marini Sawawi. "The Low Velocity Impact Properties of Pandanus Fiber Composites." Materials Science Forum 895 (March 2017): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.895.56.

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The impact properties of biodegradable Pandanus atrocarpus composite laminate is studied. Laminate samples were fabricated using a hot compression molding technique with high-density polyethylene and extracted Pandanus fiber. Pandanus composites were tested under impact loading in order to study their relative impact performance. Under low velocity impact loading, Pandanus fiber laminates offered an excellent resistance to impact penetration. Tests have shown that increasing the volume fraction of Pandanus fiber can enhance the toughness of the composite. The biodegradable composites imply attractive properties that may be accessible for use in engineering sectors.

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Wang, Jingke, Zongyi Deng, Zhixiong Huang, Zhuangzhuang Li, and Jianglai Yue. "Study on preparation and properties of bentonite-modified epoxy sheet molding compound." e-Polymers 21, no. 1 (2021): 309–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2021-0025.

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Abstract In this study, bentonite/epoxy sheet molding compound composites (BS/ESMC) were prepared with different bentonite contents (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 5, and 10 wt%) by hot compression molding. The effects of BS content on the mechanical properties, thermal stability, and fire-retardant properties of samples were investigated. When the BS addition amount is 1.5%, the tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact strength reach the maximum, increasing by 24.15%, 26.56%, and 51.33%, respectively. The measurement of mechanical properties showed that the fracture toughness of BS/ESMC composite has been greatly improved from 71.41 to 108.07 MPa. As the content of the bentonite increases, the heat resistance of the sample increases, and the residual carbon content of the system increases by 61.54% when the amount of the bentonite added is 10%. In addition, the value of LOI increased from 25.6 to 27.9 with the addition of the bentonite.

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Zuhri, M. Y. M., M. A. Nasrudin, M. A. M. Nasrodin, S. M. Sapuan, and M. Z. Hassan. "Mechanical properties under quasi-static loading of the core made of flax/poly(lactic acid) composite." Polimery 66, no. 3 (2021): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2021.3.5.

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This paper investigates the mechanical behavior of an interlocking structure made of flax/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites manufactured using hot press compression molding. The flax/PLA composite manufactured at a temperature of 190°C and pressed for 10 minutes obtained the highest values of strength and modulus. A range of core cell sizes between 10 and 40 mm with a height from 20 to 40 mm was fabricated using a simple slotting technique. The larger core size offers a better relative density value when comparing to the smaller size (with a similar number of layers). The results also showed that the 10 mm core size exhibits better compression strength than the 20 and 40 mm core sizes. In contrast, the specific energy absorption (SEA) values of the structures increase as the core size decreases.

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Chen, Gui Hua, and Dan Dan Wang. "Mechanical Properties of Rice Straw Particle/HDPE Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 457-458 (October 2013): 227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.457-458.227.

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The rice-straw particle /HDPE composites were made by compression molding process. Effects of the content of the rice-straw particle, the dosage of the titanate coupling agent and the time of hot-press were analyzed. Mechanical properties of the composites were tested, such as MOR, MOE by universal material testing machine. The result showed that rice-straw particle /HDPE composites have relatively good mechanical properties. The effect of the content of the rice-straw particle on the MOR and MOE of rice-straw particle /HDPE composites are very significant.The mechanical properties of the composite material improved by adding titanate coupling agent. The optimized processing conditions are that the content of the rice-straw particle is 50%,the dosage of the titanate coupling agent is 3%,the time of hot-press is 4 min.

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Yusuf, M. Y. M., M. Z. Selamat, J. Sahari, M. A. M. Daud, M. M. Tahir, and H. A. Hamdan. "Fabrication of a flow channel for the production of polymer composite bipolar plates through hot compression molding." JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND SCIENCES 14, no. 1 (2017): 2428–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/jmes.11.1.2017.3.0224.

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Tang, Chen, Alei Dang, Tiehu Li, Tingkai Zhao, Hao Li, and Shasha Jiao. "Influence of fiber content on C/C-SiC brake materials fabricated by compression molding and hot sintering." Tribology International 136 (August 2019): 404–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2019.04.009.

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Sarraf, A. G., H. Tissot, P. Tissot, D. Alfonso, R. Gurny, and E. Doelker. "Influence of hot-melt extrusion and compression molding on polymer structure organization, investigated by differential scanning calorimetry." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 81, no. 13 (2001): 3124–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1764.

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Kawahara, Yutaka, Takuma Ohtani та Makoto Nakamura. "Direct Resinification of Two (1→3)-β-D-Glucans, Curdlan and Paramylon, via Hot-Press Compression Molding". Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part B 59, № 10 (2020): 635–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222348.2020.1766758.

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Kawahara, Yutaka, Hiroaki Ohnishi, Seijiro Asakawa, and Hiroyuki Wakizaka. "Recrystallization Behavior and Mechanical, and Carbonizing Properties of Feather Keratin Resin Sheets Produced by Hot-Compression Molding." Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part B 60, no. 8 (2021): 571–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222348.2021.1887597.

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Li, Yu Сhao, Xiang Сai Ge, and Sie Chin Tjong. "Dielectric Properties of Graphite Nanosheets Doped Poly(vinylidene Fluoride)/Silicon Carbide Hybrid." Advanced Materials Research 279 (July 2011): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.279.3.

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Binary poly(vinylidene fluoride)/silicon carbide (PVDF/SiC) composites and its graphite nanosheets (GN) doped ternary hybrids were fabricated using simple solution mixing and hot compression molding process. The dielectric behavior of such hybrids was studied over a wide frequency range. Additions of graphite nanosheets with their concentrations close to the percolation threshold were found to be very effective to enhance the dielectric permittivity of PVDF/SiC system. The dielectric constant for PVDF/SiC/GN 80/20/2 system was ~ 200, being twenty times higher than that of neat PVDF. Furthermore, the dielectric behavior of such hybrid displayed strong frequency dependence.

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Abe, Kentaro. "Compression-molded products based on wet ball-milled wood and effect of various preparation conditions." BioResources 16, no. 2 (2021): 3934–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.2.3934-3941.

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This study prepared compression-molded products from ball-milled wood by thermally plasticizing lignin without adhesives or resins. Wet ball milling for 120 min produced smooth, creamy slurries. The resultant products were hot-pressed at 180 °C and exhibited a plastic-like glossy surface and a high Young’s modulus (7.9 GPa), which was attributed to an increased bonding area. However, hydrogen bond formation occurs more predominantly during wood molding than thermoplasticization of lignin, because a hydrophilic surface was formed on wood fragments after wet ball milling in water. In contrast, when wood powder was ball-milled in toluene, drying aggregation due to hydrogen bond formation hardly occurred probably because the hydrophobic regions were preferentially cleaved. In this case, the hot-pressed product at 180 °C was formed mostly through the bonding owing to the thermoplasticization of lignin. These results suggest that the choice of the solvent for the mechanical disintegration of wood allows for control of the wood fragment surface and can affect the properties of the molded products.

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Najmabadi, Peyman, Kwang-Seuk Ko, James J. La Clair, and Michael D. Burkart. "A Method for Fabrication of Polycarbonate-Based Bioactive Platforms." JALA: Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation 13, no. 5 (2008): 284–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jala.2008.07.003.

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Surface-based assays have been used extensively for the functional and structural analysis of biomolecules such as DNA or proteins. These experiments are established by the analysis of binding between acceptor molecules and immobilized receptors on a platform. Site-specific printing of receptor molecules on gold, glass, or polycarbonate (PC) surfaces is conventionally performed by the chemical derivatization of a surface, priming it to covalently bind to subsequently deposited receptor molecules. Unlike conventional methods, we have developed a new fabrication method for bioactive PC surfaces by directly molding PC granules doped with receptor molecules. PC-based receptor molecules were synthesized and commercially available PC granules were doped with these synthesized molecules. In our proof-of-concept study, PC doped with dye 1 ( Fig. 1 ) was used as the receptor molecule. Using an aluminum mold and a hot press machine, PC-based objects were manufactured through compression molding using doped PC granules. Affinity analysis was evaluated by monitoring the localization of a monoclonal antibody elicited against dye 1 to the surface of the molded platforms by fluorescence microscopy. The results illustrated effective binding of an anti-dye 1 monoclonal antibody to the surface, substantiating successful display of assemblies of molecular receptors on the surface through compression molding. Although conventional surface functionalization methods impose limited applications and alter desired opto-mechanical properties of the polymer, our investigation provides a versatile means for the fabrication of bioactive PC-based platforms. It can also be used for engineering and imbedding receptor arrays within three-dimensional objects with applications to the production of opto-medical devices or biosensors.

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Lascano, Diego, Rene Guillen-Pineda, Luis Quiles-Carrillo, et al. "Manufacturing and Characterization of Highly Environmentally Friendly Sandwich Composites from Polylactide Cores and Flax-Polylactide Faces." Polymers 13, no. 3 (2021): 342. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13030342.

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This work focuses on the manufacturing and characterization of highly environmentally friendly lightweight sandwich structures based on polylactide (PLA) honeycomb cores and PLA-flax fabric laminate skins or facings. PLA honeycombs were manufactured using PLA sheets with different thicknesses ranging from 50 to 500 μm. The PLA sheets were shaped into semi-hexagonal profiles by hot-compression molding. After this stage, the different semi-hexagonal sheets were bonded together to give hexagonal panels. The skins were manufactured by hot-compression molding by stacking two Biotex flax/PLA fabrics with 40 wt% PLA fibers. The combined use of temperature (200 °C), pressure, and time (2 min) allowed PLA fibers to melt, flow, and fully embed the flax fabrics, thus leading to thin composite laminates to be used as skins. Sandwich structures were finally obtained by bonding the PLA honeycomb core with the PLA-flax skins using an epoxy adhesive. A thin PLA nonwoven was previously attached to the external hexagonal PLA core, to promote mechanical interlock between the core and the skins. The influence of the honeycomb core thickness on the final flexural and compression properties was analyzed. The obtained results indicate that the core thickness has a great influence on the flexural properties, which increases with core thickness; nevertheless, as expected, the bonding between the PLA honeycomb core and the skins is critical. Excellent results have been obtained with 10 and 20 mm thickness honeycombs with a core shear of about 0.60 and facing bending stresses of 31–33 MPa, which can be considered as candidates for technical applications. The ultimate load to the sample weight ratio reached values of 141.5 N·g−1 for composites with 20 mm thick PLA honeycombs, which is comparable to other technical composite sandwich structures. The bonding between the core and the skins is critical as poor adhesion does not allow load transfer and, while the procedure showed in this research gives interesting results, new developments are necessary to obtain standard properties on sandwich structures.

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Li, Ya Na, Kyong Ho Cha, and Qing Hui He. "Preparation and Properties Research of Modified Nano-ZnO/HDPE Composite Films." Advanced Materials Research 174 (December 2010): 450–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.174.450.

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Nanocomposite films of ZnO/HDPE were prepared via melt blending and hot compression molding process. The morphology, DSC, mechanical and barrier properties of the films were investigated. The results showed that a better dispersion of modified nanoparticles at content of 0.5wt% in HDPE matrix occurred and the improvement of the HDPE films in tensile strength and tear strength was achieved by incorporating modified-ZnO nanoparticles up to 0.5wt% in contrast with the original nano-ZnO/HDPE composite films. It was also found that the addition of modified nano-ZnO to neat HDPE caused to increase crystallinity and enhance the barrier property of nano-ZnO/HDPE composite films against water vapor and oxygen.

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Molkara, Fariba, Saeed Kazemi Najafi, and Ismail Ghasemi. "Foam morphology and sound transmission loss of foamed wood flour/low-density polyethylene (LDPE)/nanoclay composites." Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 31, no. 11 (2017): 1470–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0892705717738298.

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In this research, the effects of foaming and of nanoclay on foam morphology and soundproofing of wood flour/low-density polyethylene (LDPE) composites were investigated. For this purpose, LDPE, wood flour, foaming agent, and nanoclay were mixed in an internal mixer to produce test samples. The standard circular samples were made using compression molding method in a hot press machine. Sound transmission loss (STL) was measured by an impedance tube. Results showed that foaming and nanoclay increase the STL of the composites at frequencies above 2000 Hz. The biggest increase in STL has been found for the foamed composites containing nanoclay. The addition of nanoclay decreased the average cell size and increased the cell density of foamed composites.

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Nguyen, The Huu, Minh Thanh Vu, Van Thu Le, and Tuan Anh Nguyen. "Effect of Carbon Nanotubes on the Microstructure and Thermal Property of Phenolic/Graphite Composite." International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018 (September 2, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6329651.

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In this work, composites based on phenolic resin (P), graphite powder (G), carbon fibers (CFs), and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were prepared by using hot compression molding. The effect of CNTs on the microstructure and thermal property of these composites was investigated. FESEM analysis indicated that the surface structure of phenolic/graphite composites became more dense and homogeneous with the presence of CNTs. The carbonization behavior of composites was characterized by using thermal gravimetric analyses (TGAs). TGA data showed that the presence of CNTs in phenolic/graphite composites enhanced their thermal stability, by increasing the temperature of maximum weight loss rate (Tm) during pyrolysis and decreasing the weight loss after pyrolysis. In addition, incorporation of CNTs into phenolic/graphite composites reduced significantly their open porosity.

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Wu, Xian, Wei Liu, Li Ren, and Chun Zhang. "Highly thermally conductive boron nitride@UHMWPE composites with segregated structure." e-Polymers 20, no. 1 (2020): 510–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2020-0053.

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AbstractHighly thermally conductive boron nitride (BN)@ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composites with the segregated structure were fabricated by powder mixing and hot pressing. Scanning electron microscopy and polarizing optical microscopy were used to analyze the dispersion of BN particles in the UHMWPE matrix. The morphology observation shows that BN particles are selectively located at the interfaces of UHMWPE particles and form continuous thermally conductive networks after the compression molding process. As a result, the thermal conductivity of the BN@UHMWPE composite increases to 3.37 W m−1 K−1 with 38.3 vol% BN, which is seven times larger than that of the pure UHMWPE. Furthermore, the incorporation of BN also influences the crystallinity and thermal properties of UHMWPE.

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Gargama, Heeralal, Awalendra Kumar Thakur, and Sanjay Kumar Chaturvedi. "Microwave characterization of nickel-based nanocomposites — High EMI shielding and radar absorption capability." Modern Physics Letters B 31, no. 32 (2017): 1750301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984917503018.

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This work reports, microwave characterization of nanocrystalline nickel-polyvinylidene fluoride (n-Ni/PVDF) composites with an aim to explore their electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and absorption properties. The composites were fabricated using compression hot molding process at an optimum level of temperature and pressure. The electrical properties of the samples are computed using the measured scattering parameters in the X-band. The wave absorption capability of a single layer absorbing structure is theoretically evaluated by employing the computed electrical parameters. Besides, the shielding effectiveness (SE) of free standing samples are also calculated using transmission line model and compared with the experimentally obtained results to validate the theoretical model. High SE (42.87 dB) and absorption (−14.37) obtained in this work, suggest futuristic applications of n-Ni/PVDF composites for EMI shielding and wave absorption.

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Chung, O., and A. Y. Coran. "The Morphology of Rubber/Plastic Blends." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 70, no. 5 (1997): 781–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538460.

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Abstract This study considers the rheological and interfacial effects on the phase morphology of the rubber/plastic blends during molten-state mixing, cold pressing, and compression molding. We utilized a specially designed tool to take a sample from the mixer and quickly cool it with little chance for coalescence. The work of this report is mainly concerned with soft rubbery compositions, which contain large concentrations of elastomeric phases. The morphologies of rubber/plastic blends having low concentrations of plastic or rubber can be explained by the understanding gained from work previously reported by others. The viscosity-matched and polarity-matched rubber/plastic blend systems give the finer states of dispersion, especially during the early stages of mixing. At intermediate concentrations of rubber, (e.g., 60 vol. %) co-continuous and laminar structures are frequently formed. The determinants of the concentration where the phase inversion occurs and the determinants of phase-domain dimensions near this phase-inversion concentration (e.g., a thickness of a highly shaped structure) are complex and can only be rationalized qualitatively. However, we were able to quantitatively relate phase-morphological dimensions to interfacial tension, rheology, and the observed type of morphology. When the hot batch is cold pressed, then a striated or laminar phase morphology is formed. Even very small particles deform greatly if the interfacial tension is low. Higher viscosities in the dispersed phase give rise to lesser deformations during cold pressing. During compression molding, the laminar structure transforms itself into a random co-continuous structure of vastly increased textural dimensions. This coarsening is greatest when polarities are most divergent and when the viscosities of the polymers are lowest.

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Shivamurthy, B., Krishna Murthy, and S. Anandhan. "Tribology and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fabric/MWCNT/Epoxy Composites." Advances in Tribology 2018 (July 5, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1508145.

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Cryogenic treated multilayered carbon fabric/oxidized multiwall carbon nanotube/epoxy (CCF/O-MWCNT/E) composite and untreated carbon fabric/epoxy (CF/E) composite were prepared by hot compression molding technique. The density and mechanical properties such as tensile properties, flexural properties, interlaminar shear strength, and microhardness of the composites were investigated as per ASTM standards. The wear and coefficient of friction behavior were investigated using computer interfaced pin-on-disc test rig at room temperature for varied load and sliding speed. The morphology of worn surfaces of the wear test composite specimens were studied by scanning electron microscope. It is found that the synergetic effect of addition of O-MWCNT to epoxy matrix and cryogenic treatment of carbon fabric improved the wear resistance and mechanical properties. Also, a thin lubricating film developed by the oxidized multiwall carbon nanotube/epoxy wear debris reduces the coefficient of sliding friction and wear rate.

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Chen, Anfu, Jindi Lai, Mingke Li, et al. "Long-Lived T-Shaped Micropillars with Submicron-Villi on PP/POE Surfaces with Grinding-Enhanced Water Repellency Fabricated via Hot Compression Molding." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 125, no. 26 (2021): 7290–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c03205.

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Bizhani, Hasti, Ali Asghar Katbab, Emil Lopez-Hernandez, Jose Miguel Miranda, and Raquel Verdejo. "Highly Deformable Porous Electromagnetic Wave Absorber Based on Ethylene–Propylene–Diene Monomer/Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites." Polymers 12, no. 4 (2020): 858. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12040858.

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The need for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shields has risen over the years as the result of our digitally and highly connected lifestyle. This work reports on the development of one such shield based on vulcanized rubber foams. Nanocomposites of ethylene–propylene–diene monomer (EPDM) rubber and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were prepared via hot compression molding using a chemical blowing agent as foaming agent. MWCNTs accelerated the cure and led to high shear-thinning behavior, indicative of the formation of a 3D interconnected physical network. Foamed nanocomposites exhibited lower electrical percolation threshold than their solid counterparts. Above percolation, foamed nanocomposites displayed EMI absorption values of 28–45 dB in the frequency range of the X-band. The total EMI shielding efficiency of the foams was insignificantly affected by repeated bending with high recovery behavior. Our results highlight the potential of cross-linked EPDM/MWCNT foams as a lightweight EM wave absorber with high flexibility and deformability.

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Yang, Jinshui, Chunqi Wang, Jingcheng Zeng, and Dazhi Jiang. "Effects of nano-SiO2 on mechanical and hygric behaviors of glass fiber reinforced epoxy composites." Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 25, no. 2 (2018): 253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/secm-2014-0470.

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AbstractThe unmodified and nano-SiO2modified glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites were prepared by the hot-compression molding process to investigate the effects of nano-SiO2on the mechanical and hygric properties of the GFRP composites. The results indicate that the nano-SiO2modification results in an increase of 9.7% and 7.9% in the tensile and flexural strength of the GFRP composites, and a decrease of 10.6% in the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS). The maximum swelling of the unmodified GFRP is 2.6 times as that of the nano-SiO2modified GFRP. The normalized-ILSS decrease of the nano-SiO2modified GFRP is only 12% after 138 days aging, while that of the GFRP reaches 31%. After 95-days hygric-aging, the decrease of the normalized flexural strength is 15.3% for the GFRP, while the normalized flexural strength of the nano-SiO2modified GFRP still maintains an increase of 5.0%. It is concluded that the nano-SiO2particle could improve the mechanical and hygric properties of the GFRP composites.

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Paramith, Tika, Johnner P Sitompul, and Hyung Woo Lee. "The effect of organobentonites from spent bleaching earth (SBE) and commercial bentonite on nanocomposite properties." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4 (2018): 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.15317.

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This paper concerns on synthesis of nanocomposites consisting of Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and clays. Two types of clays were regenerated organobentonite and commercial organobentonite. PLA and clays were melt extruded using single-screw extruder. The extruded compound was pelletized, then hot pressed using compression molding machine. Regenerated organobentonite was obtained from regeneration of spent bleaching earth (SBE) using solvent extraction and oxidation method. Afterwards, regenerated SBE modified by organic compound. While, commercial organobentonite was directly modified of commercial bentonite using organic compound. In this study, nanocomposites were prepared with varying compositions of clays from 0% to 5% (by weight). Experimental results show that partially exfoliated nanocomposites structure was shown by X-ray diffraction analyses. In addition, the effect of clays on morphology structure, mechanical, barrier, and biodegradable properties were analyzed. The utilization of clays in nanocomposite increases mechanical properties at low clay compositions. Furthermore, PLA-clay nanocomposites show better barrier and biodegradable properties compared to that of the neat PLA.

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Ribeiro, Bruno, LFP Santos, AL Santos, ML Costa, and EC Botelho. "Thermal decomposition kinetic study of multiwalled carbon nanotube buckypaper-reinforced poly(ether-imide) composites." Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 32, no. 1 (2017): 62–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0892705717744827.

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Poly(ether-imide) (PEI)-based composites filled with multiwalled carbon nanotubes in a dispersed form (1.0 wt%) and as buckypaper (BP) (25 wt%) have been prepared by mixing solution and hot compression molding technique, respectively. Vacuum filtration technique with the aid of water-based surfactant Triton X-100 was employed to produce BP sheets. The thermal stability of the composites was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis and revealed a strong increase in thermal degradation temperature when BPs were used as nanofiller. Ozawa–Wall–Flyn model was used to determine the kinetic parameters. It was observed an increase in activation energy as the nanotubes concentration rise, suggesting the formation of more thermally stable systems. In addition, half-life time as function of temperature demonstrated that BP-based composites could operate for 3200 years at 200°C. These results concluded that carbon nanotube BP could contribute to improve significantly the thermal stability of PEI matrix.

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Verstraete, G., P. Mertens, W. Grymonpré, et al. "A comparative study between melt granulation/compression and hot melt extrusion/injection molding for the manufacturing of oral sustained release thermoplastic polyurethane matrices." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 513, no. 1-2 (2016): 602–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.09.072.

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Ngamsantivongsa, Phimraphas, S. Boonthalarath, B. Wong-Ek, S. Nuanklai, T. Kanasittiboon, and A. Bunluekadee. "The Study of Different Area Weight of Fibers as Ablative Polymer-Based Composite for Solid Rocket Motor." Key Engineering Materials 783 (October 2018): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.783.56.

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High performance composites are becoming progressively significant in the aerospace industry for severe temperature. Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP) is a general term for composite materials or parts that consist of a resin matrix containing reinforcing fiber such as glass or fiber with more strength or stiffness than the resin. FRP is mostly used to denote glass fiber-reinforced plastics. In this study, the test composites were obtained from a phenolic resin (PR) with different area weight of fibers for comparing the ablation resistance using the hot compression molding technique. The ablation performance of the composites was investigated under an oxy-acetylene torch. An oxyacetylene torch, providing temperatures above 2300 °C, was chosen as the heating source. Moreover, the physical properties of the composites were determined by using standard experimental methods. These experimental results indicated that the fabricated composites with greater area weight of fibers exhibited outstanding mechanical properties and excellent ablation resistance. The overall experimental characteristics of the PR/EWR600 composites meet most of the necessary high temperature application criteria.

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Muñoz-Vélez, Mario, Miguel Hidalgo-Salazar, and Jose Mina-Hernández. "Effect of Content and Surface Modification of Fique Fibers on the Properties of a Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE)-Al/Fique Composite." Polymers 10, no. 10 (2018): 1050. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10101050.

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This work presents the physical-thermal and mechanical characterization of a low-density polyethylene (LDPE)-Al matrix composite material that was obtained from reinforcing recycled (post-consumer) long-life Tetra Pak packages with fique natural fibers from southwestern Colombia. The fique was subjected to three chemical treatments to modify its surface (alkalinization, silanization and pre-impregnation with polyethylene) to increase the quality of its interfaces. Additionally, panels with 10%, 20%, and 30% v/v of fiber were manufactured by the hot compression molding. The mechanical properties of the different composite materials showed that the pre-impregnation treatment promoted a significant increase in the tensile and flexural properties with respect to the fiber-reinforced composite without surface modification. Additionally, in materials with 30% fibers that were treated with pre-impregnation, there was a decrease in the water absorption capacity of 53.15% when compared to composites made with 30% native fibers. Finally, increases in the fiber content mainly caused better mechanical performances, which increased as a direct function of the amount of fique incorporated.

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Watcharaprapapong, Pornpailin, Wasawat Nakkiew, Wassanai Wattanuchariya, Anirut chaijaruwanit, and Siwasit Pitjamit. "Effect of forming conditions of poly-lactic acid/hydroxyapatite to tensile strength of canine bone fixation plate using full factorial experimental design." MATEC Web of Conferences 192 (2018): 01049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819201049.

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Problems of using metallic bone fixation plates for canine lead to the idea of the replacement with biocomposite materials. In this research, polylactic acid (PLA) blends with hydroxyapatite (HA) powder 5-15% was used as biocomposite material. The specimens were formed by hot compression molding and the experiment in investigating suitable forming condition was based on the 23 full factorials with the center point design of experiment. There are many types of research attempting to develop a prototype of bone fixation plates from a substitute material including forming conditions, in order to obtain the effective bone fixation plate to use. This paper presents the tensile strength for the proposed biocomposite bone fixation plates. After the mechanical testing on various conditions, the tensile strength results ranged from 40 to 60 MPa and it showed that the higher HA ratio had significant effect to the decrease of the tensile strength. This preliminary experiment reveals the tensile strength of forming conditions of PLA/HA composite, which may indicate a direction for improving the better mechanical properties of the bone fixation plates.

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Jheng, Wern Dare, and Chien Chon Chen. "The Absorption of TiO₂ Nanotube-Dye Sensitization Solar Cells by Thermo-Compression Systems in Dye Molecules." Advanced Materials Research 148-149 (October 2010): 1710–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.148-149.1710.

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Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) are currently under development worldwide. Photoelectric conversion efficiency cannot yet rival the efficiency levels of commercial silicon solar cells. Nonetheless, due to the advantages of simple production, low cost and accessibility which allows for large-scale production, photoelectric conversion efficiency is still one of the technologies under urgent development in the next stage of new solar energy. Usually, laboratories adopt the method of absorbing dyes on film electrodes by placing the specimen sample in the dye for a lengthy soaking period (12 hours). Such an approach merely yields the result of the dye molecules being absorbed on the TiO2 Nanotube, which does not produce time efficiency conducive to future commercialization. Such an improvement in efficiency could have a major impact on the mass production process. Consequently, this study employs a hot-pressure system on a jack with molding to distinguish pressurization, temperature and heating in the pressurization processes; we discovered from the experimental results that the best performance resulted from the heating process. This process not only sped up the diffusion velocity of the dye molecules being absorbed on the tube but also enhanced the photoelectric efficiency for solar cells. This could thereby lead to substantial time saving in the dye soaking process and greatly enhanced the economic benefits of products.

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Santos, Alberto Lima, Edson Cocchieri Botelho, Konstantin Georgiev Kostov, Mario Ueda, and Leide Lili G. da Silva. "Carbon Fiber Surface Modification by Plasma Treatment for Interface Adhesion Improvements of Aerospace Composites." Advanced Materials Research 1135 (January 2016): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1135.75.

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This paper is focused on the processing of thermoplastic composite materials obtained from carbon fibers (CFs) treated by plasma assisted techniques. The treatments employed in this work were the Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD), which is done at atmospheric pressure, involving lower energies and the Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation (PIII), which is performed at low pressure, involving higher energies. After the treatments, samples characterizations were performed to determine which treatment is most effective to get better physico-chemical CF surface properties. The techniques employed in this work in order to evaluate the surface treatment were: scanning electron microscopy (SEM); atomic force microscopy (AFM) Raman spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Treated and untreated CFs/Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) composites were processed by hot-compression molding technique. These composites were evaluated by interlaminar shear tests (ILSS). After analyzing the results, it was found that the treatments increased the CF roughness and caused slight changes in the CF structure. In addition, there was an increase in the shear strength of the composites obtained from treated fibers by both plasma processes. In conclusion, DBD and PIII treatments are effective tools for improving adhesion between CF and the polymeric matrix.

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Russo, Pietro, Ilaria Papa, Vito Pagliarulo, and Valentina Lopresto. "Polypropylene/Basalt Fabric Laminates: Flexural Properties and Impact Damage Behavior." Polymers 12, no. 5 (2020): 1079. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12051079.

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Recently, the growing interests into the environmental matter are driving the research interest to the development of new eco-sustainable composite materials toward the replacement of synthetic reinforcing fibers with natural ones and exploiting the intrinsic recyclability of thermoplastic resins even for uses in which thermosetting matrices are well consolidated (e.g., naval and aeronautical fields). In this work, polypropylene/basalt fabric composite samples were prepared by film stacking and compression molding procedures. They have been studied in terms of flexural and low-velocity impact behavior. The influence related to the matrix modification with a pre-optimized amount of maleic anhydride grafted PP as coupling agent was studied. The mechanical performances of the composite systems were compared with those of laminates consisting of the pure matrix and obtained by hot-pressing of PP pellets and PP films used in the stacking procedure. Results, on one side, demonstrated a slight reduction of both static and dynamic parameters at the break for specimens from superimposed films to ones prepared from PP pellets. Moreover, an outstanding improvement of mechanical performances was shown in the presence of basalt layers, especially for compatibilized samples.

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Abd Latif, Mohd Abrar, Mohd Edeerozey Abd Manaf, Muhammad Izzat Syahmi Firdaus, Loganarrth Maslamany, and Rose Farahiyan Munawar. "Effects of Particulate Types on Biomass Particulate Filled Kenaf/Polypropylene Composite." Key Engineering Materials 694 (May 2016): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.694.23.

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The application of natural fibers in composite is very encouraging because of its many benefits such as more environmental friendly and cost reduction. Recently, there is an interest on the application of kenaf-based material for high-end uses such as in automotive industry. In this research, mechanical properties of kenaf fiber reinforced polypropylene (KFRP) composite added with two different types of bio-based fillers, i.e., oil palm shell particle (OPSP) and rubber seed shell particle (RSSP) are studied. The composites were prepared by melt mixing of the materials using internal mixer, followed by compression molding process using hot press machine. The tensile and flexural strength were found to increase with the addition of OPSP as well as RSSP. However, KFRP composite added with RSSP showed better tensile, flexural and impact properties as compared to the composite added with OPSP. From microscopic observation of the raw OPSP and RSSP particles, it was observed that OPSP showed a more granular shape, while RSSP particles were flakier in shape. This difference in particle shape is believed to affect the mechanical properties of the composites as demonstrated in this study.

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Daud, Norlinda, and Robert A. Shanks. "Highly-filled hybrid composites prepared using centrifugal deposition." Journal of Polymer Engineering 34, no. 9 (2014): 875–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2013-0160.

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Abstract Natural composites of high filler content, such as nacre, a composite comprised of 95–99% w/w aragonite layers, have been of interest due to their hardness, strength and toughness. High filler content composites have been prepared synthetically, although due to viscosity and processing requirements, the filler content was limited compared with natural systems. In this paper we describe hybrid high filler content composites prepared to be biomimetic of nacre. Development of processing conditions increased the filler content from 50% w/w using a laboratory stirrer to obtain hybrid composites with 77–86% w/w filler content, prepared by centrifugal deposition and hot compression molding techniques. Both methods were very different from natural formation from layer-by-layer (LBL) construction, however, the composites formed were of high filler content approaching the level in nature. The composites exhibited high modulus and strength, although deformation at break was low, consistent with highly filled materials. Glass transition of the resin phase was increased slightly, while damping was decreased by filler content. Surface morphology of the fractured composite showed a layered structure of well dispersed fillers with minute voids scattered evenly, indicating that the composite was effectively compacted.

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Zaharri, N. D., N. Othman, and Z. A. Mohd Ishak. "Effect of Zeolite Modification via Cationic Exchange Method on Mechanical, Thermal, and Morphological Properties of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate/Zeolite Composites." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/394656.

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In this research, organozeolite filled ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) composites were prepared in a melt-mixing process and followed by compression molding using hot press machine according to standard test specimen. Prior to mixing process, zeolite was modified via cationic exchange of alkylammonium ions. The effect of zeolite or organozeolite loading from 5 up to 25 volume percentages on the properties of EVA/zeolite composites was evaluated. A combination of Fourier Transform Infrared Radiation (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis were done to characterize the resultant organoclay. Tensile test was performed in order to study the mechanical properties of the composites. EVA filled with organozeolite showed better tensile properties compared to EVA filled with unmodified zeolite, which might be an indication of enhanced dispersion of organophilic clay in the composites. Meanwhile, morphological study using SEM revealed the fibrillation effect of organozeolite. Besides, thermal properties of the composites were also characterized by using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results showed that the application of the cation exchange treatment increases both decomposition and melting temperature of EVA/zeolite composites.

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Zhu, Zhiwen, Hezhi He, Bin Xue, Zhiming Zhan, Guozhen Wang, and Ming Chen. "Morphology, Thermal, Mechanical Properties and Rheological Behavior of Biodegradable Poly(butylene succinate)/poly(lactic acid) In-Situ Submicrofibrillar Composites." Materials 11, no. 12 (2018): 2422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11122422.

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In this study, biodegradable poly(butylene succinate)/poly(lactic acid) (PBS/PLA) in-situ submicrofibrillar composites with various PLA content were successfully produced by a triple-screw extruder followed by a hot stretching−cold drawing−compression molding process. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dispersed PLA submicro-fibrils on the thermal, mechanical and rheological properties of PBS/PLA composites. Morphological observations demonstrated that the PLA phases are fibrillated to submicro-fibrils in the PBS/PLA composites, and all the PLA submicro-fibrils produced seem to have a uniform diameter of about 200nm. As rheological measurements revealed, at low frequencies, the storage modulus (G’) of PBS/PLA composites has been increased by more than four orders of magnitude with the inclusion of high concentrations (15 wt % and 20 wt %) of PLA submicro-fibrils, which indicates a significant improvement in the elastic responses of PBS melt. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) results showed that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of PBS phase slightly shifted to the higher temperature after the inclusion of PLA. DSC experiments proved that fiber morphology of PLA has obvious heterogeneous nucleation effect on the crystallization of PBS. The tensile properties of the PBS/PLA in-situ submicrofibrillar composites are also improved compared to neat PBS.

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Hidalgo-Salazar, Miguel A., Mario F. Muñoz, and José H. Mina. "Influence of Incorporation of Natural Fibers on the Physical, Mechanical, and Thermal Properties of Composites LDPE-Al Reinforced with Fique Fibers." International Journal of Polymer Science 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/386325.

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This study shows the effect of the incorporation of natural fique fibers in a matrix formed by low-density polyethylene and aluminum (LDPE-Al) obtained in the recycling process of long-life Tetra Pak packaging. The reinforcement content was 10, 20, and 30% fibers, manufactured by hot-press compression molding of composite boards (LDPE-Al/fique). From the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) it was determined that the proportions of the LDPE-Al were 75 : 25 w/w. Likewise, it was found that the aluminum particles increased the rigidity of the LDPE-Al, reducing the impact strength compared to LDPE recycled from Tetra Pak without aluminum; besides this, the crystallinity in the LDPE-Al increased with the presence of aluminum, which was observed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The maximum strength and Young’s modulus to tensile and flexural properties increased with the incorporation of the fibers, this increase being a direct function of the amount of reinforcement contained in the material. Finally, a reduction in the density of the compound by the generation of voids at the interface between the LDPE-Al and fique fibers was identified, and there was also a greater water absorption due to weak interphase fiber-matrix and the hydrophilic fibers contained in the material.

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Chaiwan, Pattarakamon, and Jantrawan Pumchusak. "The Synergistic Effects of Multi-Filler Addition on the Mechanical and Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Phenolic Resins." Materials Science Forum 940 (December 2018): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.940.23.

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The effects of the carbon fiber (CF), carbon black (CB) and nanosilica (SiO2) on the mechanical properties of the phenolic resin (PF) were studied and the optimum composition was selected for the preparation of quaternary composites (CF/CB/SiO2 phenolic composites). The incorporation of poly (acrylonitrile-co-butadiene) rubber (NBR) to strengthen the quaternary composites were also studied. The morphological, mechanical and thermo-mechanical properties of unmodified and NBR modified-quaternary phenolic composites were investigated. The phenolic compounds were mixed by ball milling and the phenolic composites were fabricated by hot compression molding. Scanning electron microscopy images of NBR modified-quaternary phenolic composites show the high fracture surface roughness. The results show that the addition of 5 wt% NBR in the quaternary composites offer the highest tensile strength and Young’s modulus which are significantly improved by 176% and 235%, respectively, and they also offer the high flexural strength, impact strength and flexural modulus which are improved by 79%, 29% and 12%, respectively, compared to neat PF. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of unmodified and NBR modified-quaternary phenolic composites are higher than that of neat PF (107.3 °C). The increase of NBR content does not deteriorate Tg of the quaternary phenolic composites. This study provides a new pathway for making advanced phenolic composites.

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Mina Hernandez, José Herminsul, Edward Fernando Toro Perea, Katherine Caicedo Mejía, and Claudia Alejandra Meneses Jacobo. "Effect of Fique Fibers in the Behavior of a New Biobased Composite from Renewable Mopa-Mopa Resin." Polymers 12, no. 7 (2020): 1573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12071573.

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A fully biobased composite was developed using a natural resin from the Elaeagia Pastoensis Mora plant, known as Mopa-Mopa reinforced with fique fibers. Resin extraction was through solvent processing reaching an efficient extraction process of 92% and obtaining a material that acted as a matrix without using any supplementary chemical modifications as it occurs with most of the biobased resins. This material was processed by the conventional transform method (hot compression molding) to form the plates from which the test specimens were extracted. From physicochemical and mechanical characterization, it was found that the resin had obtained a tensile strength of 15 MPa that increased to values of 30 MPa with the addition of 20% of the fibers with alkalization treatment. This behavior indicated a favorable condition of the fiber-matrix interface in the material. Similarly, the evaluation of the moisture adsorption in the components of the composite demonstrated that such adsorption was mainly promoted by the presence of the fibers and had a negative effect on a plasticization phenomenon from humidity that reduced the mechanical properties for all the controlled humidities (47%, 77% and 97%). Finally, due to its physicochemical and mechanical behavior, this new biobased composite is capable of being used in applications such as wood–plastic (WPCs) to replace plastic and/or natural wood products that are widely used today.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Hot compression molding'

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