Journal articles: 'Hot water boiler'

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Orumbayev, Rakhimzhan, Andrey Kibarin, Arman Kassimov, Tatyana Khodanova, and Maxim Korobkov. "Comprehensive technologies for increase of reliability and energy efficiency of medium capacity PTVM and KVGM hot-water boilers." MATEC Web of Conferences 260 (2019): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926003003.

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This article is dedicated to the problems of reliability, long-term thermal capacity and operational efficiency rate of PTVM and KGVM hot-water boilers. Based on the analysis of statistic data, tests, and certain works on increase of efficiency and reliability of PTVM-100 tower hot-water boilers, which were performed in Kazakhstan, it may be said that the reconstruction of PTVM-100 boilers accomplished on CHP was mainly aimed at the increase of reliability while saving the operational efficiency of boilers almost without changes. If the boiler is operating on fuel oil and without periodical washes, then it is possible to achieve consistent operation only under 75% of the nominal operational load. Structural changes of the PTVM-100 boiler unit offered by authors, along with the increase of operational reliability on fuel oil and it’s thermal capacity, allow increasing boiler’s efficiency rate up to 91-92% if it is operated under nominal load and using fuel oil. Structure the new KV-GM 55 hot-water boiler with horizontal design includes the two-row bi-radiated screen wrapping around the furnace and the new arrangement of convective packs, which are now located next to each other, allowed to increase heating characteristics of the boiler significantly due to the intensification of heat exchange and decrease of temperature of gases released from behind of the boiler unit, as well as to increase boiler’s efficiency rate up to 92,5% under nominal load.

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Zivkovic, Dragoljub, Dragan Milcic, Milan Banic, and Pedja Milosavljevic. "Thermomechanical finite element analysis of hot water boiler structure." Thermal Science 16, suppl. 2 (2012): 387–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci120503177z.

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The paper presents an application of the Finite Elements Method for stress and strain analysis of the hot water boiler structure. The aim of the research was to investigate the influence of the boiler scale on the thermal stresses and strains of the structure of hot water boilers. Results show that maximum thermal stresses appear in the zone of the pipe carrying wall of the first reversing chamber. This indicates that the most critical part of the boiler are weld spots of the smoke pipes and pipe carrying plate, which in the case of significant scale deposits can lead to cracks in the welds and water leakage from the boiler. The nonlinear effects were taken into account by defining the bilinear isotropic hardening model for all boiler elements. Temperature dependency was defined for all relevant material properties, i. e. isotropic coefficient of thermal expansion, Young?s modulus, and isotropic thermal conductivity. The verification of the FEA model was performed by comparing the measured deformations of the hot water boiler with the simulation results. As a reference object, a Viessmann - Vitomax 200 HW boiler was used, with the installed power of 18.2 MW. CAD modeling was done within the Autodesk Inventor, and stress and strain analysis was performed in the ANSYS Software.

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Qi, Guo Li, Jian Guan, Xue Min Liu, Zhong Wei Wang, Song Song Zhang, Yong Qiang Chang, and Peng Li. "Life Cycle Assessment on Layer-Combustion Hot-Water Boiler." Applied Mechanics and Materials 873 (November 2017): 285–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.873.285.

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Resource consumption, energy consumption, environmental impact and costs of layer-combustion boiler were assessed by using life cycle assessment (LCA). The costs during construction stage, resource and energy consumption during operation stage of layer-combustion hot-water boiler were focused on. Life cycle inventory was established. The results show that: throughout the boiler life cycle, the largest resource consumption indicator is that of coal with value of 93%, followed by natural gas and limestone. For the internal costs, although operation costs are obviously higher than construction costs, the construction costs still account for more than 30%, which is related to the relatively short servicetime of layer-combustion heating boilers. For the external costs, global warming accounts for the highest proportion.

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Huang, Hui Lan, and Gang Li. "Analysis of the Performance for a Group-Annulus Type Oil-Fired Boiler." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 2921–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.2921.

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To overcome the shortcomings of the traditional hot-water boilers, a oil-fired hot water boilers is improved design for a group-annulus structure. A finished product boiler is thermodynamic analyzed with the tested heat generation amount equivalent to 350 kW. The results indicate that the unique heat exchange structure of group-annulus type hot-water boilers can reduce thermal stresses and intensify convection heat exchange. The radiation heat-exchange space is 2 times more than that of the shell-tube boiler, and surfaces inside the furnace are comparatively large. Compared with shell-tube type boilers, the group-annulus type boilers is made a distinction with small volume and heat-exchange surface area, low metal consumption and high ratio of performance to cost under the same total heat-exchange quantity.

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Todorovic, Milena, Dragoljub Zivkovic, Marko Mancic, and Gradimir Ilic. "Application of energy and exergy analysis to increase efficiency of a hot water gas fired boiler." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 20, no. 4 (2014): 511–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq130716033t.

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In engineering practice exergy can be used for technical and economic optimization of energy conversion processes. The problem of increasing energy consumption suggests that heating plants, i.e. hot water boilers, as energy suppliers for household heating should be subjected to exergy and energy analysis. Heating plants are typically designed to meet energy demands, without the distinguished difference between quality and quantity of the produced heat. In this paper, the energy and exergy analysis of a gas fired hot water boiler is conducted. Energy analysis gives only quantitative results, while exergy analysis provides an insight into the actually available useful energy with respect to the system environment. In this paper, a hot water boiler was decomposed into control volumes with respect to its functional components. Energy and exergy of the created physical model of the hot water boiler is performed and destruction of exergy and energy loss in each of the components is calculated. The paper describes the current state of energy and exergy efficiency of the hot water boiler. The obtained results are analyzed and used to investigate possibilities for improvement of availability and reliability of the boiler. A comparison between the actual and the proposed more reliable solution is made.

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Goričanec, Darko, Igor Ivanovski, Jurij Krope, and Danijela Urbancl. "The Exploitation of Low-Temperature Hot Water Boiler Sources with High-Temperature Heat Pump Integration." Energies 13, no. 23 (November 30, 2020): 6311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13236311.

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The article presents an original and innovative technical solution for the exploitation of low-temperature excess heat from hot water boilers that use gas or liquid fuel for the needs of high-temperature heating in buildings or in industry. The primary fuel efficiency used for hot water boilers can be significantly increased by utilizing the excess low-temperature heat of flue gases that are discharged into the environment and thus also reduce CO2 emissions. Hot water systems usually operate at higher temperatures of the heating water, which is transported to the heat consumer via supply pipe, and the cooled heating water is returned to the hot water boiler via the return pipe. For the excess low-temperature heat exploitation of the flue gases from hot water boiler, it is necessary to install a condenser in the flue gas discharge pipe, where condensation of water vapour present in the flue gas heats water or a mixture of water and glycol. The heating water, which is cooled and returned from the heat consumer via the return pipe, is led to the condenser of the high-temperature heat pump, where it is preheated and then led to the hot water boiler, where it is heated to the final temperature. A computer simulation with the Aspen plus software package for the series or parallel connection of high-temperature heat pump to a hot water heating system and the economic analysis of the excess heat exploitation from the flue gases are also performed.

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Aguilar Vizcarra, Duilio, Doris Esenarro, and Ciro Rodriguez. "Three Steps Mixed (Fire Tube–Water Tube) Vertical Boiler to Optimize Thermal Performance." Fluids 6, no. 3 (February 25, 2021): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids6030093.

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The research aims to design and construct a new mixed vertical boiler (fire tube – water tube) with three gas passes. The strength of this technological innovation is in the best use of the thermic transmission receiving fluid (hot water, steam, thermal oil), this due to its multipurpose function of three steps using alternative fuels (Diesel, Liquid Petroleum Gas LPG, natural gas), by improving the thermal efficiency of the boiler its temperature is reduced with gases at low temperatures, which in turn also reduce environmental pollution. The methodology focuses on calculating the transfer area with the calculation method that will allow dimensioning the boiler, considering the calculation of losses and the fluid speed, with two defined procedures, the first for fire tube and water tube boilers. And another alternative. The results obtained allowed optimizing the thermal efficiency level, achieving very significant thermal efficiency results: With LPG 92.4% for hot water and 92.42% to generate steam in the same way with natural gas 90.25% for hot water and 90.24% to generate steam as well with Diesel 2; 89.21% for hot water and 89.31% to generate steam.

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Zeinda, Eliza Marceliana, and Sho’im Hidayat. "RISK ASSESSMENT KECELAKAAN KERJA PADA PENGOPERASIAN BOILER DI PT. INDONESIA POWER UNIT PEMBANGKITAN SEMARANG." Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health 5, no. 2 (May 5, 2017): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijosh.v5i2.2016.183-191.

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Boiler is a tool produced steam. The operation of boiler produce hazard that can cause accidents in labor. The purpose of this research is to risk assessment for accidents work in the operation of boilers in PT. Indonesia Power Unit Pembangkitan Semarang. This research is observational. The object of this research is boiler. The subject of this research is coordinator and operator boiler. The primary data was obtained from observation and interview, while secondary data from the corporate documents. The result showed that boilers in PT. Indonesia Power Unit Pembangkitan Semarang were 3 unit of water tube using fuel MFO and HSD. The identification hazard obtained 12 findings hazard on 9 areas the operation boiler PT. Indonesia Power unit Pembangkitan Semarang. The hazard in the area of boiler are noise, hot weather, fire sparks, hit, pinched hand, discover water vapor, high pressure, electricity, contact with a steam pipe, amount of oil, exposed NaOH liquid, and slip and fall down from the height. On controlling value, there were 6 hazards that classified as in very good control, 3 hazards were classified as partly implemented, and 3 hazards were classified as implemented. The residual risk was obtained 5 category risk with no risk and 7 risk categories low. Conclusion that can be drawn are hazard boiler in PT. Indonesia Power Unit Pembangkitan Semarang have high risk of are hazard discover water vapor and the high pressure. The company suggested to perform maintenance and reduce the risk to a low.Keywords: risk assessment, work accidents, boiler

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Rajic, Milena, Dragoljub Zivkovic, Milan Banic, Marko Mancic, Tasko Maneski, Milos Milosevic, and Nenad Mitrovic. "Experimental and numerical stress and strain analysis of the boiler reversing chamber tube plate." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2021): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci210313207r.

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Boilers are one of the most used units for both heat generation plants and industry systems. Their operation is subjected to different working loads and maintenance requirements. Exploitation experience points out critical boiler zones where failures and break downs typically occur. This paper analyzes critical zones in hot water fire-tube boiler. Experimental procedure was performed on the model of this type of boilers and its critical element. The tube plate of hot water boiler was identified as the most critical one. Experimental analysis and numerical model verification were performed using Aramis system based on 3D Digital Image Correlation method. Numerical analysis was done in Ansys Software Package and verification of results was done based on measurements obtained by strain gauges and local measurements performed by the Aramis system. Stress-strain analysis indicates the critical zones of boiler tube plate. The character of change parameters such as strain and stress occurring in the critical zones can be verified both by experimental and numerical data. The paper presents a novel approach in experimental and numerical analyses that can be conducted in similar units and used for existing unit optimization, as well as for new product testing on different loads and provide opportunity for further development and improvement for practical industrial application.

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Fuller, Jack, and Yang Guo. "Update and Analysis of Current Boiler Operations Used for the Generation of Steam Heat and Electricity." Energy and Environment Research 7, no. 1 (May 5, 2017): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/eer.v7n1p23.

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According to the U.S, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the number of boilers in the U.S. devoted to the production of steam, electricity, and heat is approximately 1.5 million. This study analyzes boilers burning natural gas, coal, wood, oil, or other fuels to recover thermal energy in the form of steam or hot water to produce electricity or heat. The focus of this research paper will be to assess the compliance status of the boilers which were in the original EPA major source Boiler MACT group to provide insight into the current operating status of these boiler units.

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Dolinsky, A. A., O. M. Obodovych, V. V. Sydorenko, and A. Y. Lymar. "FEATURES OF WATER TREATMENT FOR BOILER ROOMS." Thermophysics and Thermal Power Engineering 43, no. 4 (December 20, 2021): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31472/ttpe.4.2021.2.

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Thousands of medium and low steam boilers and hot water boilers operate in the country's industry, municipal energy and agriculture. Their reliable operation is largely determined by the maintenance of a rational water-chemical regime. The main problems of source water are the presence of dissolved oxygen, iron ions, salts of calcium, and magnesium. The aim of the work is to analyze the existing technologies and equipment for water treatment for different types of boilers. Determination of physicochemical parameters and requirements for source and prepared water. Presentation of new multi-purpose energy-efficient and resource-saving water treatment equipment. The article considers the negative impact of dissolved iron, hardness salts, dissolved gases present in the feed water on the operation of boiler equipment. The main requirements for feed water in terms of hardness, the content of dissolved oxygen, and oils for steam and hot water boilers are given. The mechanism of scale formation is given. The main existing methods of feed water treatment are considered, namely softening on Na-cation exchange resin, liming, softening, and reduction of total salt content on reverse osmosis units, softening, and reduction of total salt content by the sequential passage of water through H, OH-ion exchange filters. A multi-purpose aeration-oxidation setup of rotor type (AORT) is presented, which implements the method of discrete-pulse energy input, on which it is possible to carry out operations to remove iron, manganese, hardness salts, increase pH and degassing from water.

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Gažíková, Soňa. "EVALUATION OF THE USAGE OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY IN THE HOT WATER BOILER ROOM STRED I." Czech Journal of Civil Engineering 7, no. 01 (July 31, 2021): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.51704/cjce.2021.vol7.iss01.pp27-34.

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The dominant source of energy in the hot water boiler house Stred I. in Velky Meder is geothermal energy, which is drawn from the VM -1 well, which was drilled in its courtyard in 2015. Based on documents and personal inspections of this boiler room, I created a geothermal circuit scheme of this hot water boiler room, where the experimental measurements took place. Part of this paper is a diagram of the geothermal circuit, a comparison of measured values within a selected characteristic day for summer and winter operation in 2020. Finally, the operation of the usage of geothermal energy in the hot water boiler room Stred I. is evaluated on all these indicators.

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Blackwell, Huw. "A technical note investigating the combination boiler market as a proxy for a simple thermal quality of service standard in heat interface units." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 40, no. 5 (February 6, 2019): 627–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624418824799.

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Heat interface units used in district heating networks provide very similar services to those expected from domestic gas boilers. As heat interface units become more common, it is becoming clear that heat interface units are often oversized. This technical note aims to review and summarise the technical specification of equipment typically available from combination boiler (also known as combi boilers) manufacturers in the UK. This includes thermal outputs and flow rate limitations, particularly those associated with domestic hot water production. It is proposed for use as an equivalent typical minimum domestic hot water flow rate and maximum thermal power benchmark for domestic hot water production by heat interface units, which are utilised in the equivalent role in the communal and district heating market. The aim is to prevent extensive oversizing of heat interface units, thereby reducing capital costs, pipe sizes and improving efficiency on district and communal heating networks. Practical application: This technical note proposes a DHW quality of service standard based on a review of the UK heating system market (specifically the combination boiler market) and water consumption restrictions arising from Building Regulations. This may be used to define an equivalent maximum thermal power and minimum service flow rate when specifying heat interface units used in residential communal heating systems and district heating systems.

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Antonescu, Nicolae N., Dan-Paul Stănescu, and Răzvan Calotă. "CO2 Emissions Reduction through Increasing H2 Participation in Gaseous Combustible—Condensing Boilers Functional Response." Applied Sciences 12, no. 8 (April 11, 2022): 3831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12083831.

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Considering the imperative reduction in CO2 emissions, both from household heating and hot water producing facilities, one of the mainstream directions is to reduce hydrocarbons in combustibles by replacing them with hydrogen. The authors analyze condensing boilers operating when hydrogen is mixed with standard gaseous fuel (CH4). The hydrogen (H2) volumetric participation in the mixture is considered to vary in the range of 0 to 20%. The operation of the condensing boilers will be numerically modeled by computational programs and prior validated by experimental studies concluded in a European Certified Laboratory. The study concluded that an increase in the combustible flow with 16% will compensate the maximum H2 concentration situation with no other implications on the boiler’s thermal efficiency, together with a decrease in CO2 emissions by approximately 7%. By assuming 0.9 (to/year/boiler), the value of CO2 emissions reduction for the condensing boiler determined in the paper, and extrapolating it for the estimated number of boilers to be sold for the period 2019–2024, a 254,700-ton CO2/year reduction resulted.

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Stanmore, B. R., and M. Desai. "Steam Explosions in Boiler Ash Hoppers." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 207, no. 2 (May 1993): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1993_207_022_02.

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Steam explosions are experienced in the ash hoppers of coal-fired boilers when hot ash falling from heat-transfer surfaces enters the water pool. Pellets of ash from three Australian power stations were formed in the laboratory and sintered under different conditions to simulate boiler ash deposits. When these were reheated and dropped into water, explosions were generated in isolated cases. The offending pellets were all lightly sintered and disintegrated into individual ash grains. The occurrence of explosions is unpredictable because of the extremely limited range of ash lump conditions under which they appear.

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Liu, Xuemin, Dinghua Yang, Junfu Lu, Jian Guan, and Guoli Qi. "Combustion characteristics and design of hot water boiler." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 59 (March 2017): 012069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/59/1/012069.

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Lyubov, Victor K., and Aleksandr M. Vladimirov. "Complex Efficiency of Using Wood Pellets in Power Plants." Lesnoy Zhurnal (Forestry Journal), no. 1 (February 9, 2021): 159–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2021-1-159-172.

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In advanced countries, the dramatic impact of greenhouse gases on the global climate is reduced by replacing fossil fuels with biofuels. This method is being actively encouraged. However, by-products of logging, processing and conversion of wood are classified as difficult to burn fuels due to their high moisture content, low energy density and extremely heterogeneous granulometric composition. A promising direction to increase the energy density and transportability of the timber industry by-products is their granulation. Wood pellet fuel burning in heat-generating plants results in significant increase in their energy and environmental performance. The purpose of the paper is an experimental and calculation study of the energy and environmental performance of 4 MW hot water boilers produced by Polytechnik Luft- und Feuerungstechnik GmbH in the process of burning pine and spruce wood pellets obtained from by-products woodworking. When performing studies, the components of the boiler’s heat balance, gas release, and particulate emissions were determined. Numerical modeling of thermochemical and aerodynamic processes taking place in the boiler combustion chamber was carried out by using the Ansys Fluent three-dimensional simulation software. Together with industrial-operational tests it showed the possibility to reduce the total share of flue gas recirculation into combustion chambers of boiler units to values not exceeding 0.45, in providing an acceptable temperature of combustion products at the combustion chamber outlet and maintaining minimum emissions of carbon and nitrogen monoxides. At the same time, the share of gases fed by recirculation smoke exhausters to the over-bed area of the burner should have higher values than under the reciprocating grates of boilers. Guidelines for comprehensive improvement of wood pellet combustion efficiency in combustion chamber of 4 MW hot water boilers have been developed and implemented. The priorities are: using the air passed through the cooling channels of the setting as secondary air; reducing the rarefaction in the combustion chambers to 30–70 Pa; optimizing the ratio of primary and secondary air, herewith, the share of primary air in the total flow should be 0.26–0.35. Implementation of the developed guidelines allowed to increase the boiler gross efficiency by 0.5–1.8 %, to reduce the aerodynamic resistance of the gas path by 15–20 % and to ensure consistently low emissions of carbon and nitrogen monoxides and soot particles. When designing boiler units for burning wood pellet fuel it is advisable to place heating surfaces in the combustion chamber, included in the circulation circuit of the boiler. This will increase the efficiency and life cycle of the boiler unit.

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Cichowicz, Robert, Grzegorz Wielgosiński, and Agata Targaszewska. "Analysis of CO2 concentration distribution inside and outside small boiler plants." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 23, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eces-2016-0003.

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Abstract Analysis of the distribution of CO2 concentrations was performed for a water-and-steam boiler plant located in a detached building supplying thermal energy to a hospital. The boiler plant was equipped with two low-temperature boilers and one high-temperature steam boiler. The maximum thermal energy demand of the hospital was 4280, 3500 kW of which came from the hot-water boilers and the remaining 780 kW from the steam boiler. Due to the operating system there were no permanent job positions in the boiler plant. Servicing consisted only in the supervision, periodic adjustment and maintenance of the equipment. These kinds of working conditions release the employer from the necessity to perform tests and measurements of working conditions in such a building. On the other hand, continuous measurements are made because of the installation safety and emissions of pollutants into the environment. The article presents results of the measurements and analysis of the distribution of CO2 concentrations inside and outside a small boiler plant, due to which it was found that the level of carbon dioxide concentration did not depend on the ambient air temperature. The resulting values are similar regardless of whether the measurements were taken in December 2012 or April 2013. However, there is an evident impact of seasons on the concentrations in the indoor air associated primarily with the demand for heat during the given period, the stay of people in the workplace and the number of working devices.

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Bennett, George, Cliff Elwell, and Tadj Oreszczyn. "Space heating operation of combination boilers in the UK: The case for addressing real-world boiler performance." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 40, no. 1 (August 20, 2018): 75–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624418794552.

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Residential space and water heating account for 23% of UK final energy demand and combination gas boilers are the dominant technology. Performance gap issues in gas boiler systems have been reported, with previous studies unable to isolate or quantify root causes for performance issues, hampered by indirect and coarse measurement methods. Utilising high-frequency data, through state-of-the-art boiler diagnostics from 221 UK combination boilers, assumptions in efficiency standards are challenged. Total heating energy consumption and number of hot water tappings are in line with national expectations but the observed cycling behaviour of boilers gives cause for concern due to links with lower performance and higher emissions. Most combi-boilers appear oversized for space heating and despite available modulation are unable to prevent rapid on–off cycling. Per day, half of combi boilers studied average more than 50 starts and 70% of starts average less than 10 min during space heating operation. Cycling contradicts assumptions in efficiency testing standards, which assume steady state operation, weighted by full and part power measurements. Addressing oversizing and excessive boiler cycling provides an opportunity to quickly and significantly reduce emissions associated with heating, at low cost through the ongoing replacement of millions of boilers. Practical application: Lessons learned from this research regarding the detrimental performance issues seen in gas combi boilers are directly applicable to the topics of boiler specification for building service engineers and installers, such as guidelines in CIBSE Guide A, 1 CE54 Whole house boiler sizing method 2 and legislation set out in BoilerPlus from the Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy. Plant size ratio, radiator hydraulic layout and controls can all contribute to the rapid cycling seen in the data and can all be influenced by building service professionals. Boiler modulation range is also crucial and manufacturers need to be aware of the benefits of extending modulation in new products.

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Qi, Guo Li, Jian Guan, and Hao Leng. "Discuss on Post Combustion Characteristics of the 116MW Circulating Fluidized Bed Hot Water Boiler." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 1714–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.1714.

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116MW circulating fluidized bed hot water boiler performance testing was carried out that found that burning high volatile lignite had post combustion phenomenon of separator yet. The phenomenon of post-combustion research results show that flue gas outlet temperature rise of the separation can be significantly reduced by adjusting the twelve wind ratio; Increasing coal-fired granularity which was able to reduce the separator post combustion phenomenon; Moderate post combustion of separation was able to improve boiler efficiency and reduce N2O. These results can provide guidance for improving boiler operation technology and improving the boiler design standard.

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Stecco, S. S., and U. Desideri. "Considerations on the Design Principles for a Binary Mixture Heat Recovery Boiler." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 114, no. 4 (October 1, 1992): 701–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906645.

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The use of a binary mixture as a working fluid in bottoming cycles has in recent years been recognized as a means of improving combined cycle efficiency. There is, however, quite a number of studies dealing with components of plants that employ fluids other than water, and particularly binary mixtures. Due to different specific volume, viscosity, thermal conductivity, and Prandtl number, heat recovery boilers designed to work with water require certain modifications before they can be used with binary mixtures. Since a binary mixture is able to recover more heat from the exhaust fumes than water, the temperature difference between the hot and the cold fluids is generally lower over the whole recovery boiler; this necessitates greater care in sizing the tube bundles in order to avoid an excessive heat transfer surface per unit of thermal power exchanged. The aim of this paper is to provide some general criteria for the design of a heat recovery boiler for a binary mixture, by showing the influence of various dimensional parameters on the heat surface and pressure drop both in the cold and the hot side. Heat transfer coefficients and pressure drops in the hot side were computed by means of correlations found in the literature. A particular application was studied for an ammonia-water mixture, used in the Kalina cycles, which represents one of the most interesting binary cycles proposed so far.

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Belov, Alexander, Dmitry Shaforost, and Viktor Chebotarev. "Mathematical Models for Assessing the Thermal Engineering Reliability of Boiler Units of Power Complexes." Известия высших учебных заведений. Электромеханика 64, no. 6 (2021): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17213/0136-3360-2021-6-88-93.

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The analysis is carried out and the definitions of the concept of thermal engineering reliability, the determining parameter and the determining function of boiler units, are given. A classification has been developed for the determining parameters of steam and hot water boilers by level in the chain of cause-and-effect relationships in the event of a thermal failure. It is proposed to divide the determining parameters and functions of boilers according to their spatial localization into integral and local. A lot of models for defining functions with different mathematical properties (for example, the presence or absence of discontinuities of the second kind) are considered. The defining functions (reliability criteria) currently used in boiler construction have been identified. The analysis of the safety factors for overturning and stagnation in direct-flow and drum boiler units is carried out. The incorrectness of the currently used dependence is shown. A formula has been proposed for these coefficients using internal useful heads, which is especially relevant for boilers with natural circulation at ultrahigh pressure.

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Krawczyk, Piotr, Krzysztof Badyda, Jacek Szczygieł, and Szczepan Młynarz. "Investigation of exhaust gas temperature distribution within a furnace of a stoker fired boiler as a function of its operating parameters." Archives of Thermodynamics 36, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aoter-2015-0018.

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Abstract Distribution of the exhaust gas temperature within the furnace of a grate boiler greatly depends on its operating parameters such as output. It has a considerably different character than temperature distributions in other types of boilers (with pulverised or fluidised bed), as it varies considerably across the chamber. Results presented in this paper have been obtained through research of a grate-fired hot water boiler with a nominal rating of some 30 MW. Measurements have been taken by introducing temperature sensors into prearranged openings placed in the boiler side walls. Investigation has been carried out for different output levels. Tests involved thermocouples in ceramic coating and aspirated thermocouples. The latter were used to eliminate influence of radiative heat transfer on measured results. Values obtained with both methods have been cross-checked.

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Rajic, Milena, Milan Banic, Dragoljub Zivkovic, Misa Tomic, and Marko Mancic. "Construction optimization of hot water fire-tube boiler using thermomechanical finite element analysis." Thermal Science 22, Suppl. 5 (2018): 1511–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci18s5511r.

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Exploitation experience of hot water boiler plants indicates relatively frequent and permanent breakdowns resulting from the accident state of various elements of the boiler. In addition to the damages caused by the corrosion processes and inadequate management of the plant, the phenomena of fatigue of boiler elements exposed to high pressures and temperatures can occur. Due to high pressure and temperature certain boiler elements are exposed to, high strain and stress of these elements can eventually lead to breakdowns. In this paper, a hot water fire tube boiler, produced by ?Minel-Kotlogradnja? Belgrade, type TE110V, installed within the plant ?Technical Faculties? at Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Nis, Serbia, is analyzed. Thermomechanical stress-strain analysis is performed with loads typically occurring during operation. Finite element analysis is performed using ANSYS Workbench 17 Software package, while the CAD model is formed using SOLID WORKS 2015. The results were used to investigate and to give recommendations for the thickness of tube plate of the first reversing chamber based on determined functional dependence of equivalent stress in the tube plate from the thickness of the plate. The noted functional dependence was determined by Kriging response surface based on results of virtual numerical experiment with different thicknesses of the tube plate.

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Klačková, I., I. Zajačko, R. Lenhard, I. Gritsuk, and D. Wiecek. "Simulation of wood biomass combustion in hot water boiler." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 776 (April 2, 2020): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/776/1/012033.

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Jiang, Jia Xiang, Bin Zhang, and Shao Li Yi. "The Application Research Based on Solar Gas Boiler that Control by PLC and Frequency Conversion Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 529 (June 2014): 580–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.529.580.

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Solar energy as an inexhaustible supply of green energy, being receiving more and more attention, but in hotels and other large-scale hot water systems, due to collector device installation location, water temperature instability and inability to realize all-weather heating water supply, has been not widely used. In this paper, taking the water heating system reforming of gas boiler in the Gulf Hotel Yantai Regency for example, the set of control system built by PLC and inverter ,has realized large-scale solar energy and gas hot water boiler systems in the perfect combination of weather, temperature, hot water unmanned operation, with advantages of lower installation, low-temperature protection, and manual switching, remote control and obvious energy saving effect .The paper provids a new approach for the popularization of large–scale solar energy water heating system.

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Revel-Muroz, Pavel A., Andrey F. Kopysov, Yury V. Proskurin, Bronislav G. Grisha, Marina N. Ilyina, Pavel V. Roslyakov, and Igor L. Ionkin. "Development of energy-efficient hot-water boiler for block-modular boiler house of Transneft." SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGIES OIL AND OIL PRODUCTS PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION 8, no. 2 (April 30, 2018): 180–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.28999/2541-9595-2018-8-2-180-187.

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Roslyakov, P. V., Yu V. Proskurin, B. G. Grisha, and I. L. Ionkin. "Autonomous Energy-Efficient Complexes Based on Crude Oil for Working in Arctic Conditions." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2096, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2096/1/012142.

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Abstract The work is devoted to solving scientific and technical problems on the development of new generation Russian power equipment. Comprehensive theoretical and experimental studies of the effect of aerodynamic and heat-mass exchange processes on the ignition and combustion of crude oil in the straitened conditions of fire-tube boilers are reviewed and described. Based on the results of the research, design developments were carried out, prototypes of a fire-tube hot-water boiler with a remoted economizer and an automated low-emission burner device were manufactured and successfully tested. The efficiency of the boiler more than 94% and the reduced level of pollutants emissions in the operating load range are confirmed.

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Judt, Wojciech, Bartosz Ciupek, and Rafał Urbaniak. "Analysis of temperature distribution in the heating boiler equipped with afterburning chamber." E3S Web of Conferences 128 (2019): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912801009.

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Analysis of a heat transfer process for construction of solid fuel heating boiler equipped with additional afterburning chamber is presented. Analyzed construction of the heating device is intended for shouse heating and preparation of hot utility water. A heat exchanger in the analyzed boiler is composed of vertical tubes divided into three boiler draughts. Afterburning chamber connects main combusting chamber of the heating boiler with second and third boiler draught. The aim of this analysis is to identify the character of heat transfer through the heating boiler

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Bennett, George, and Cliff Elwell. "Effect of boiler oversizing on efficiency: a dynamic simulation study." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 41, no. 6 (May 22, 2020): 709–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624420927352.

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Gas boilers dominate domestic heating in the UK, and significant efficiency improvements have been associated with condensing boilers. However, the potential remains for further efficiency improvement by refining the control, system specification and installation in real dwellings. Dynamic building simulation modelling, including detailed heating system componentry, enables a deeper analysis of boiler underperformance. This paper explores the link between the space heat oversizing of boilers and on/off cycling using dynamic simulation, and their subsequent effect on boiler efficiency and internal temperatures. At plant size ratio (PSR) 8.5 daily cycles numbered over 50, similar to median levels seen in real homes. Simulations show that typical oversizing (PSR >3) significantly increases cycling behaviour and brings an efficiency penalty of 6–9%. There is a clear link between raising PSR, increased cycling and an associated decreased efficiency; however, in the UK, boilers are regularly oversized with respect to space heating, especially combination boilers to cover peak hot water demand. Current legislation and labelling (ErP and SAP) overlook PSR as a determinant of system efficiency, failing to incentivise appropriate sizing. Reducing boiler oversizing through addressing installation practices and certification has the potential to significantly improve efficiency at low cost, decreasing associated carbon emissions. Practical application: This research provides the basis for a practical and cost effective means of assessing the potential for underperformance of boiler heating systems at the point of installation or refurbishment. By assessing the oversizing of the boiler with respect to space heating, unnecessary cycling and the associated efficiency penalty can be avoided. Plant size ratio, as an indicator of cycling potential, can be implemented in energy performance certificates (EPCs), through the standard assessment procedure (SAP), using existing data. The potential for real carbon savings in the existing boiler stock is considerable, and the findings have wider implications for next generation heating systems.

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Müllerová, Jana, Vlastimil Kuběna, Jan Valíček, Marta Harničárová, and Pavel Koštial. "Modifications of Pyrolysis Boilers to Reduce Harmful Flue Gas Emissions." Defect and Diffusion Forum 336 (March 2013): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.336.29.

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In addition to emission level reduction, combustion process optimization by modifications of pyrolysis boilers is aimed at fuel cost decrease. Knowledge of fuel composition and fuel combustion properties is important to the optimum and economical combustion process. The levels of emissions caused by the process can be reduced by several designs and operational modifications. This paper deals with modifications of combustion equipment in order to reduce harmful flue gas emissions in a boiler MA 23. The hot water boiler MA 23 belongs to gasification boilers for dry lump wood combustion; it is intended primarily for the heating of family houses, cottages, small office buildings and other small buildings and has the maximum required heat output of 23 kW. The boiler was tested in several modes, based on the requirements of the standard EN 303-5 dealing with emission limits. A basic requirement was the implementation of technical measures described in the paper and a proposal of method of regulation of flue gas volumetric flow rate and of installation in order to keep emission levels below the required limit.

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Lin, Wang, Liu Chen, Jin Bing, and Gao Yue. "Design-Based Thermal Efficiency Correction Method for Hot Water Boiler." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 721 (January 7, 2020): 012057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/721/1/012057.

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Bao, Junjie, Di Wang, Feng Liu, Zhiguo Qu, and Hongtao Xu. "Transient Evaporation Simulation of the Forced Circulation Hot Water Boiler." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 721 (January 7, 2020): 012068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/721/1/012068.

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Araki, H., H. Nakano, S. Ichikawa, T. Kawai, T. Jishi, S. Yamagata, and M. Kamide. "Winter asparagus production with hot water heated by pellets boiler." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1301 (December 2020): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2020.1301.17.

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Khramshina, Ekaterina A., Alexander S. Karandaev, and Rifkhat R. Khramshin. "Improving Energy Efficiency of the Variable Frequency Drive of the Forced-Draught Fan with the Two-Speed Asynchronous Motor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 792 (September 2015): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.792.128.

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Based on the example of forced-draught fans of the GOFHWB-100 series hot water boilers (gas and oil fired hot water boilers) power supply reserves of the electric drive with two-speed asynchronous motor have been determined. The structural chart of the developed control system of the electric drive with winding changeover depending on the boiler performance is provided. The paper considers power consumption of electric drive in the variable frequency speed control mode at the motor operation on the high and low speed windings. It presents methods for calculation of energy performance based on computing the equivalent efficiency of the fluid-handling application. The analysis of the efficiency change has proved that the variable frequency control enables electric power savings at the low speed winding by 5 to 6%. The results obtained are recommended to be widely applied at the change-over of the electric drives with two-speed asynchronous motors to the variable frequency control of performance.

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Kosorukov, Dmitriy, and Andrey Aksenov. "Use of condensing economizers with developed surfaces to improve the energy efficiency of conventional gas-fired heat generators in boilers." E3S Web of Conferences 263 (2021): 04024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126304024.

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The current financial and economic programme in the Russian Federation is aimed at increasing energy efficiency in all areas of society. The most effective way of increasing the efficiency of boiler plant operation is to improve the technology of deep heat recovery from the heated flue gas from the chimney system of hot-water boilers. The physical essence of this phenomenon consists in cooling the escaping high-temperature combustion products of gaseous fuel, through contact with the cold surface of the heat exchanger, to a temperature below the dew point under the pressure in the convective bundle of the boiler. In this regard, we set a goal to develop the most efficient design of condensing economizer, which would allow us to obtain fuel economy of gas boiler at the level of operation of condensing heat generators. A practical model of a condensing economizer for increasing the efficiency of heat generators based on convection-type gas boilers has been created. A study has been carried out, the results of which allow us to conclude on the effectiveness of its use for individual and local heating of residential and public buildings.

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Manyi-Loh, Christy E., Mandlenkosi Sikhonza, and Stephen Tangwe. "Linear Regression Analysis and Techno-Economic Viability of an Air Source Heat Pump Water Heater in a Residence at a University Campus." Energies 14, no. 8 (April 19, 2021): 2280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14082280.

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This study quantifies the potential of a 4.0 kW air source heat pump (ASHP) unit retrofitted to a 12.0 kW, 1000 L electric boiler coupled to a 1000 L storage tank. A data acquisition system was built to monitor the performance of the electric boiler and the ASHP water heater. The annual electrical energy saving and the load factor reduction from the electric boiler because of the ASHP unit retrofit was 34,805.94 kWh and 0.124. The net present value payback period of the ASHP system was 1.60 years. A Wilcoxon rank sum test was employed to compare both the volumes of hot water and electrical energy consumed by the two systems. Linear regression models of the daily volumes of hot water and electrical energy consumed by both systems were established. The results should be of great value to the management of universities that are considering energy-efficient interventions with a significant return on investment.

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Zhao, Gang, and Jian Li. "The Controller Design of Gas Boiler Combustion Based on ARM and μCOSII." Applied Mechanics and Materials 738-739 (March 2015): 1090–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.738-739.1090.

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Gas hot water boiler is widely used in daily production and life as heat supply equipment. According to the gas hot water boiler has the characteristics of nonlinear, large inertia and multi disturbance etc.，this paper adopts the Vague Set PID control mode as the regulating mode in system. Considering the reliability of the running control regulation system of gas boiler, the stability of the fuel delivery system and the fault alarm security system, this paper designs the combustion controller based on a STM32 MCU as control chip, the μCOSII real-time operating system transplanted in nuclear of MCU as the overall control of the combustion controller. Blocking the whole task through the μCOSII real-time operating system, to enhance the reliability of system program operation, and made the combustion controller running more safe, stable, reliable.

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Ukai, Makiko, Masaya Okumiya, and Hideki Tanaka. "Energy Performance Evaluation of a Desiccant Air Handling System to Maximize Solar Thermal Energy Use in a Hot and Humid Climate." Sustainability 12, no. 5 (March 3, 2020): 1921. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12051921.

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A desiccant air handling unit is one of the major types of dehumidification handling systems and requires hot water or hot air to regenerate sorption materials. If solar thermal energy is used as the heat source for regeneration, in general, a backup electrical heater, backup boiler, or combined heat and power (CHP) is installed in order to maintain a stable hot water supply. In this study, effective control is proposed for a desiccant air handling system that uses solar thermal energy (flexible control), and its energy performance is compared to that of a traditional control (the fixed control) through a system simulation. The diurnal behavior shows that the system with a fixed control without a backup boiler cannot process the latent load properly (28 GJ of unprocessed latent load for July and August). On the other hand, the system with a flexible control without a backup boiler is able to process required latent heat load. Based on the fact that the fixed control needs a backup boiler to process the latent load, the system with a fixed control with a backup boiler is considered for the energy performance comparison. The simulation results show that the primary energy-based coefficient of performance (hereafter, COP) of the system with a flexible control without a backup boiler reaches 1.56. On the other hand, the primary energy-based COP of the system with a fixed control with a backup boiler reaches only 1.43. This proves that the flexible control contributes to the higher energy performance of the system and maximizes the use of solar thermal energy more than the fixed control.

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Dudkiewicz, Edyta, and Natalia Fidorów-Kaprawy. "Hybrid Domestic Hot Water System Performance in Industrial Hall." Resources 9, no. 6 (May 30, 2020): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources9060065.

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The renewable and waste heat sources implemented for the preparation of domestic hot water (DHW) allow for energy conservation and environment protection along with resource savings and economic benefits. The solutions, including non-conventional sources, are especially demanded in large halls in which energy and water consumption are crucial for maintenance costs. In this article, energy analysis of a DHW preparation system for workers’ hygienic purposes in a industrial hall was performed. The DHW preparation system consisted of three sources: a flue gases heat exchanger as the waste heat source, solar collectors as the renewable heat source and a gas boiler as the conventional source. In the analysis, data of a variable-temperature supply of water and hourly water consumption data from the measurements in the industrial hall, located in Poland, were applied. The results for all of the 8760 h of one year were examined. The analysis outcomes show that implementation of non-conventional sources can supply 81.4% of energy needed for DHW preparation, avoiding a lot of running costs; just 18.6% of heat demand had to be obtained from a gas boiler. The analysis also confirms that the system may operate correctly when the appropriate device size is applied, along with a proper control strategy that avoids overheating water and uses alternative sources.

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Gorshenin, V. P., A. N. Kachanov, VA Chernyshov, D. A. Korenkov, and V. V. Maksimov. "Methodology for determining the flow rate and temperature of generated hot water when calculating the thermal diagram of a hot water boiler room." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1211, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1211/1/012008.

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Abstract The consumption and temperature of hot water produced by boiler units are calculated using such a quantity as the consumption of the consumed network water. The formulas represent functional dependencies connecting the obtained values not only with the consumption of heating water, but also with the consumption of hot water supplied for recirculation, for own needs and for the needs of the fuel economy. They take into account the losses of network and hot water. The formulas are obtained as a result of the joint solution of the equation for the total consumption of hot water and the equation for its partial costs.

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Gużda, Arkadiusz, and Norbert Szmolke. "Analysis of Domestic Hot Water Production Efficiency for Detached Houses." Applied Mechanics and Materials 797 (November 2015): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.797.185.

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The article compares two means for domestic hot water production (DHW) for a detached house that is using gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber and air source heat pump water heater (ASHPWH). An analysis of domestic hot water production using an air source heat pump was made taking into account coefficient of performance listed according to the new BS EN 16147 standard. The analysis of outlay related to the investment and operating costs was also performed. Ultimately, the more profitable choice for domestic hot water production was made.

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Szul, Tomasz. "Analysis of heat source selection for residential buildings in rural areas." BIO Web of Conferences 10 (2018): 02034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20181002034.

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The research aiming to check whether the output of currently installed boilers matches the use requirements together with estimation of their energy efficiency was carried out on a group of 84 single-family residential buildings located in rural areas. Heating and hot water energy needs were calculated for each building in order to determine the use requirements. This enabled verification whether the currently installed boilers match the actual use requirements in the buildings. Based on the calculations it was determined that the designed average boiler output in the group of buildings subject to analysis is 15.7 kW, whereas the mean rated output capacity of boilers installed therein is 25.4 kW. On average, the output capacity of the installed boilers exceeds the use requirements for the buildings by 60%. To calculate the energy efficiency of boilers, the mean annual boiler output capacity use coefficient was determined. For boilers selected on the basis of standard calculations, the mean coefficient is 0.47. For boilers currently in use it is 0.31, less than the above figure. The above calculations show that if boilers were correctly selected in compliance to the building needs, then the average estimated seasonal efficiency of 65% would be feasible. However, in the current state the achievable efficiency is approx. 55%.

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ORUMBAYEV, Rakhimzhan K., Andrey A. KIBARIN, Balzhan T. BAKHTIYAR, Arman S. KASSIMOV, and Maxim S. KOROBKOV. "RESEARCH OF COMBUSTION MODES DURING LAYER-BURNING OF SHUBARKUL COAL ON THE FIRE GRATE WITH THE HAND FURNACE OF THE KSVR-0.43 HOT WATER BOILER." Periódico Tchê Química 17, no. 36 (December 20, 2020): 856–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.871_periodico36_pgs_856_870.pdf.

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Experience shows that the trend towards using solid fuels in the energy sector of Kazakhstan will be implemented for a rather long time. At the same time, the global trend is currently tightening environmental requirements. They set the task to continue improving coal combustion efficiency and minimize emissions of harmful substances and greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. This article aims to conduct complex thermal engineering tests of the KCVr-0.43 hot water boiler. For this, the following measurement and control tools were used: the standard boiler room secondary devices, an industrial gas analyzer Testo-350, a control (reading) module Testo-454 with temperature probes and a Pitot tube, a soot number meter Testo-308, a temperature meter 2TPM1, a portable liquid flow meter Vzlet-PRC and a stopwatch. All they had valid verification and calibration certificates. An analysis of the gas composition and technical parameters of the KCVr-0.43 hot water boiler in the investigated operation mode with Shubarkul coal during a long-term test showed that it seems possible to operate boilers of this series under low load conditions without boosting air and fuel. They can reduce emissions of toxic NOx and greenhouse gases CO2 into the atmosphere. In this case, burning Shubarkul coal without forcing through the air is characterized by significant carbon monoxide CO emissions. The formed nitrogen oxides NOx decompose in reactions with CO with the formation of molecular nitrogen and oxygen. Burning, coke residue in the layer, coal-burning stages, emissions of harmful substances.

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Taler, Dawid, Rafał Pitry, and Jan Taler. "Evaluation of long-term operation of combined system for heating the building and preparation of domestic hot water." E3S Web of Conferences 46 (2018): 00018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184600018.

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The paper presents, the results of research on the operation and energy efficiency of a 186 kW gas-fired condensing boiler operating in a hybrid heat source system. The boiler co-operates with an 81.1 kW (electric) brine-to-water compressor heat pump, a 27.4 kW air-to-water heat pump and 6 flat solar collectors. A local, built-in, hybrid heat source is located in a public building and is intended to satisfy the building needs. The study was conducted over a period of 1 year - from 1 September 2014 to 31 August 2015. The gas-fired boiler operates in the heating buffer system all year round. The boiler performance is characterized both in the winter and in the summer season, in terms of the amount of heat produced and the heating power. The calculations results of the heat generation efficiency obtained in the measuring period are also presented

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Zarzycki, Robert, and Marcin Panowski. "Waste heat utilisation for cogeneration of energy." Mechanik 90, no. 3 (March 6, 2017): 254–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2017.3.45.

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The paper shows the analysis of potential of absorption heat pump (APC) application to increase the efficiency of source energy conversion in the cogeneration power plant, by recuperation of waste heat from oil cooling system. In the presented case, the purpose of APC implementation was to eliminate the number of start up of pick hot water boilers. Obtained results showed that the waste heat may be utilised during the highest heat demand which may lead to delay or even avoiding the pick boiler start up, owing to absorption heat pump implementation.

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Eidensten, L., J. Yan, and G. Svedberg. "Biomass Externally Fired Gas Turbine Cogeneration." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 118, no. 3 (July 1, 1996): 604–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2816691.

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This paper is a presentation of a systematic study on externally fired gas turbine cogeneration fueled by biomass. The gas turbine is coupled in series with a biomass combustion furnace in which the gas turbine exhaust is used to support combustion. Three cogeneration systems have been simulated. They are systems without a gas turbine, with a non-top-fired gas turbine, and a top-fired gas turbine. For all systems, three types of combustion equipment have been selected: circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler, grate fired steam boiler, and grate fired hot water boiler. The sizes of biomass furnaces have been chosen as 20 MW and 100 MW fuel inputs. The total efficiencies based on electricity plus process heat, electrical efficiencies, and the power-to-heat ratios for various alternatives have been calculated. For each of the cogeneration systems, part-load performance with varying biomass fuel input is presented. Systems with CFB boilers have a higher total efficiency and electrical efficiency than other systems when a top-fired gas turbine is added. However, the systems with grate fired steam boilers allow higher combustion temperature in the furnace than CFB boilers do. Therefore, a top combustor may not be needed when high temperature is already available. Only one low-grade fuel system is then needed and the gas turbine can operate with a very clean working medium.

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Kurniawan, Aries Aditya, and Aqli Mursadin. "ANALISIS EFISIENSI BOILER UNIT 2 DAN 4 DI PT. PLN (PERSERO) WIL. KALSELTENG SEKTOR PLTU ASAM-ASAM." Scientific Journal of Mechanical Engineering Kinematika 4, no. 1 (June 13, 2019): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/sjmekinematika.v4i1.54.

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Boiler is a tool used to produce steam / steam for various purposes. The water in the boiler is heated by heat from the fuel combustion (other heat source) resulting in heat transfer from the heat source to the water causing the water to become hot or transformed into steam. Direct Methods Also known as "input-output method" because this method requires only output / output (steam) and heat input / fuel (fuel) for efficiency evaluation. From the results of boiler efficiency study from August 8, 2017 to August 17, 2017 with a total average - unit 4 has a boiler efficiency 75.5012% higher than unit 2 which only amounted to 65.24% 84%. The high efficiency of boiler unit 2 is due to the average pressure on unit 4 of 86.9229 bar is greater than the pressure of unit 2 which is only about 82.9155 bar. Then Main steam flow on unit 4 is 66,6605 kg / s while unit 2 is only 63,61111 kg/s. For feed water flow unit 4 only able to flow 65,9 kg / s and unit 2 equal to 66,675 kg/s.

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Mori, Taro, Yusuke Iwama, Hirofumi Hayama, and Emad Mushtaha. "Optimization of a Wood Pellet Boiler System Combined with CO2HPs in a Cold Climate Area in Japan." Energies 13, no. 21 (October 22, 2020): 5531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215531.

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Hot water supply is one of the leading consumers of energy in the building sector in cold climate areas. The use of woody biomass is effective in reducing CO2 emissions in hot-water supply systems. This report deals with a system that combines a wood pellet boiler (PB) and a heat pump system with CO2 (CO2HP) that is used in a facility for disabled people. The following research was conducted. The operation of a hybrid system combining a PB and CO2HPs was investigated. While operating the system, four specific operations were developed as countermeasures to save on costs and reduce system troubles while reducing CO2 emissions. The processes and results are introduced. Numerical simulations were carried out to optimize the operation. The hot water temperature, water volume, and hot water loads were simulated. The influence of the water volume ratio on the cost and primary energy consumption under the requirements for safe system operation was studied. The regional economic ripple effects (REREs) of this system were studied. The wood pellet boiler is not only a measure for reducing primary energy consumption but can also play an important role in a regional economy for sustainable development in countries that import energy resources such as Japan.

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He, Yongning, Feng Cao, Lei Jin, Dongfang Yang, Xiaolin Wang, and Ziwen Xing. "Development and field test of a high-temperature heat pump used in crude oil heating." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 231, no. 3 (August 12, 2015): 392–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954408915599109.

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In this paper, a high-temperature heat pump (HTHP) is developed and manufactured to replace the traditional oil-fired boiler heater for crude oil heating. It extracts thermal energy from waste hot water separated from the crude oil to provide high-temperature hot water to heat the crude oil. A prototype of the HTHP system is installed in the Jinzhou oil treatment station in Liaoning, China and the field test is conducted for about 6000 h. A typical 144 h of field testing data is analyzed to evaluate the performance of the designed HTHP system. It is observed that the temperature of hot water provided by the HTHP unit varies from 86 ℃ to 95 ℃ throughout the whole operating period and is sufficient for the crude oil heating (80–90 ℃). The heating capacity and power consumption of the HTHP system varies from 1350 to 1785 kW, and 171 to 197 kW, respectively. The overall system coefficient of performance ranges from 3.5 to 4.4 with an average value of 3.8. Based on the experimental results, a primary energy ratio is introduced to evaluate and compare the economics of the studied HTHP system and oil-fired boiler heater. The comparison shows that the energy consumed by the HTHP unit is only 57% of that consumed by the oil-fired boiler heater. If all traditional oil-fired boiler heaters are replaced by the HTHPs in the Jinzhou oil treatment station, the total yearly energy saving is around 1.12 × 104 tons of equivalent coal which equates to 1.76 × 104 tons of CO2 emissions.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Hot water boiler'

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