Academic literature on the topic 'Hotel; analysis of PESTE; internet'

The number of tourist products sold on the Internet has increased remarkably in recent years. The hotel industry has figured prominently in this boom due to hotel bookings made via the Internet becoming increasingly popular. The reason for this upturn in online bookings is, in many cases, the possibility of booking at any time and the possible existence of lower prices. In order to achieve these lower prices, consumers must accept certain restrictions or conditions that hotels use to manage demand through yield management strategies.This paper analyses hotel Internet booking users in order to ascertain their socio-demographic characteristics and behaviour in regard to online purchase decisions. The ultimate goal is therefore to determine a user profile. With this information, hotel managers will be able to manage Internet hotel bookings.

Purpose This research aims to investigate how Chinese leisure travelers value hotel amenities when they book hotel rooms in Hong Kong. Design/methodology/approach The research method was based on a conjoint analysis approach. Conjoint models were developed to determine how people make decisions and what they really value in products or services. Findings Price had the highest average importance value, followed by airport/local area shuttles, wireless internet, breakfast and quality of coffee/tea. Price, airport/local area shuttles and wireless internet were rated as being relatively more important than breakfast and quality of coffee/tea. Research limitations/implications This research has some limitations in terms of the generalizability of its findings to all hotels and travelers. First, only four hotel amenities were considered. Second, the research focused on Chinese leisure travelers staying in hotels in Hong Kong. Finally, the sample only consisted of leisure travelers. Practical implications This research shows that providing complimentary breakfast and free access to quality coffee/tea when a hotel already provides a shuttle service and free wireless internet does not add much value to the overall hotel product from the customer’s point of view. Moreover, it provides insights into how hotel professionals can customize and select the amenities they provide to impress their customers. Originality/value This research has significant implications for hotel managers’ efforts to formulate and implement strategies or tactics in their daily operations or long-term plans through the selection of hotel amenities.

A new Big Data cluster method was developed to forecast the hotel accommodation market. The simulation and training of time series data are from January 2008 to December 2019 for the Spanish case. Applying the Hierarchical and Sequential Clustering Analysis method represents an improvement in forecasting modelling of the Big Data literature. The model is presented to obtain better explanatory and forecasting capacity than models used by Google data sources. Furthermore, the model allows knowledge of the tourists’ search on the internet profiles before their hotel reservation. With the information obtained, stakeholders can make decisions efficiently. The Matrix U1 Theil was used to establish a dynamic forecasting comparison.

The purpose of the research is to analyze the use of the Internet resources in distance learning of future professionals in hotel and restaurant industry in higher educational establishments. Research objectives are the following: to analyze the state of development of using Internet resources problem (IP) in distance learning in higher education establishments, to systematize professionally oriented IP in distance learning of future specialists in hotel and restaurant industry. Methods. To clarify the concepts of “Internet resources”, “professionally oriented Internet resources” general scientific methodological approaches (system, competence) and abstract-logical methods, methods of analysis and synthesis were used. Results. We interpret the Internet resources as a set of integrated software and hardware means, as well as information intended for publication on the World Wide Web, intext, graphics and multimedia forms. Information-factual and methodological basis of the research were domestic and foreign scientists’ publications, IP, results of author’s own research. In the course of the research, theoretical laboration of the problem of using Internet resources in the educational process of higher education establishments is analyzed, the chart of Internet resources classification in distance learning is compiled. Professionally oriented IP s in distance learning of future specialists in hotel and restaurant industry are reviewed. Distance learning of these specialists is defined as a purpose fulprocess of interaction between a teacher (tutor) and a student, carried out at a distance, using computer technology, the content of which is to form professional knowledge, skills, abilities of future hotel and restaurant professionals. Conclusions. Priority formal IP tools (an electronic textbook, a reference book, computer models, simulators and constructors, an electronic board, computer training programs, computer test systems) and informal (educational serials, movies, blogs) were studied.Key words:professionally-oriented Internet resources, priority formal and informal means, distance learning.

The purpose of the research is to analyze the use of the Internet resources in distance learning of future professionals in hotel and restaurant industry in higher educational establishments. Research objectives are the following: to analyze the state of development of using Internet resources problem (IP) in distance learning in higher education establishments, to systematize professionally oriented IP in distance learning of future specialists in hotel and restaurant industry. Methods. To clarify the concepts of “Internet resources”, “professionally oriented Internet resources” general scientific methodological approaches (system, competence) and abstract-logical methods, methods of analysis and synthesis were used. Results. We interpret the Internet resources as a set of integrated software and hardware means, as well as information intended for publication on the World Wide Web, intext, graphics and multimedia forms. Information-factual and methodological basis of the research were domestic and foreign scientists’ publications, IP, results of author’s own research. In the course of the research, theoretical laboration of the problem of using Internet resources in the educational process of higher education establishments is analyzed, the chart of Internet resources classification in distance learning is compiled. Professionally oriented IP s in distance learning of future specialists in hotel and restaurant industry are reviewed. Distance learning of these specialists is defined as a purpose fulprocess of interaction between a teacher (tutor) and a student, carried out at a distance, using computer technology, the content of which is to form professional knowledge, skills, abilities of future hotel and restaurant professionals. Conclusions. Priority formal IP tools (an electronic textbook, a reference book, computer models, simulators and constructors, an electronic board, computer training programs, computer test systems) and informal (educational serials, movies, blogs) were studied.Key words:professionally-oriented Internet resources, priority formal and informal means, distance learning.

AbstractTourism is a rapidly growing industry worldwide, and internet technologies are becoming increasingly important in that industry. Online hotel booking website (OHBW) has become an important tool in the marketing of hotel services. In this study, the factors affecting the trust perception of OHBW users were investigated. Data collected from 456 consumers using OHBWs were analysed using structural equation modelling. The results showed that reputation, security, ease of use and risk significantly affected the user's perception of trust. In addition, the perception of trust has a positive effect on customer loyalty. As a result, this study aims to provide useful findings to OHBW managers and researchers who want to increase customer trust and ensure their loyalty.

This study investigates what three large, multinational hospitality companies do in practice when evaluating and making IT investment decisions. This study was launched in an attempt to 1) learn more about how multinational hospitality companies evaluate, prioritize, and select IT investments in the context of hotel GDS; 2) call attention to an important and costly topic in hopes of improving current practices; and 3) fill a noticeable literary void so that future researchers on IT and hotel GDS would have a foundation and starting point. The perennial question of any business is "How does an organization add value?" Value can be defined from many different perspectives and may result from tangible and intangible factors. Principal stakeholders include shareholders (investors), customers, and employees. Shareholders typically measure value in terms of economic return on their investment based upon some level of perceived risk. For customers, value is assessed in terms of a price-value relationship; that is, how much they received in terms of product and services for the price they paid. For employees, value is measured by salary and by the intrinsic rewards of the job. Yet, one of the most elusive questions with respect to information technology is "How can value be measured?" Hospitality executives are being pressured daily to invest more in information technology (IT) - especially in the area of hotel global distribution systems (GDS), which have become the cornerstone of a hotel firm's IT infrastructure and portfolio. There are a number of sweeping changes on the horizon impacting hotel GDSs and requiring the development of a well-crafted strategy for global distribution systems. These broad changes include bypass theories to remove airline GDSs and travel agents, the introduction of new and emerging player, and innovative approaches to pricing and promotion. Many of these developments offer promise to hoteliers, but they also threaten their control over their customer relationships and their inventory and add to the complexity and cost of distribution. Selecting the appropriate distribution channels is paramount to success and important if hotel firms are to grow top-line revenue and control overhead; yet the number of choices facing hotel executives is overwhelming. They are also at a loss for measuring value derived from IT. One of the greatest issues plaguing the advancement of technology in the hospitality industry is the difficulty in calculating return on investment. Until recently, most technology investment decisions have been considered using a support or utility mentality that stems from a manufacturing paradigm. Under such thinking, business cases could be built around an application or technology's ability to reduce costs or create labor savings. However, management's attitudes towards technology have been shifting in recent years. The more technologically savvy hospitality companies are looking to IT to build strategic and competitive advantages. These types of investments yield results over time, and seldom in the short-run. This is problematic among owners and investors who demand more immediate results. Moreover, it is difficult to quantify and calculate the tangible benefits of technology when it is used for strategic purposes. Today's financial models are inadequate for estimating the financial benefits for most of the technology projects under consideration today. While the hospitality industry has disciplined models and sufficient history to determine the financial gains or success of opening a new property in a given city, it lacks the same rigorous models and historical data for technology, especially since each technology project is unique. Although this problem is not specific to the hospitality industry, it is particularly problematic since the industry tends to be technologically conservative and unwilling to adopt new technology applications based on the promises of its long-term merits if it cannot quantify the results and calculate a defined payback period. When uncertainty surrounds the investment, when the timing of the cash flows is unpredictable, and when the investment is perceived as risky, owners and investors will most likely channel their investment capital to projects with more certain returns and minimal risk. Thus, under this thinking, technology will always take a back seat to other organizational priorities and initiatives. Efforts must be made to change this thinking and to develop financial models that can accurately predict and capture the financial benefits derived from technology. Given the present predicament and difficulties surrounding the current tools, techniques, and measures, executives are faced with an important choice. They can 1) continue to use the present methods despite their shortcomings, 2) dispense with ROI, cost-benefit, and discounted cash flow analyses altogether for IT projects, or 3) develop new methods, tools, and measures that can accommodate the complexities of IT and quantify the intangibles. This study is a call to action in favor of the latter because the measures determine not only which projects will be accepted but also how their success will be evaluated. Having a rigid evaluation process forces executives to identify a project's potential contribution and align the project's objectives with the firm's strategic goals and objectives. Using the co-alignment principle as its theoretical underpinning, this study employs a multiple-case design to investigate the resource allocation processes used with respect to information technology and global distribution systems. It looks at how three leading, multinational hospitality firms address IT project/investment evaluation and decision-making, the measures they use, and the frustrations they encounter. These frustrations include problems that arise from a hotel firm's fragmented ownership as well as from hotel executives' inability to measure the results of IT through definitive cause-and-effect relationships. The results of the study provide affirmation of the co-alignment principle and document linkages and co-alignment between strategy and IT. Clearly, decisions involving IT and hotel GDSs require multivariate measures, multidimensional perspectives, and multidisciplinary involvement. However, research from the marketing discipline is noticeably absent in this area. This study concludes that because IT plays an important enabling role for marketing initiatives and is redefining the supply chain of a hotel firm, marketing researchers can no longer stand on the sidelines. This study also identifies three important constructs, or classes of variables (context, process, and project), the variables comprising each, and their influences on the evaluation and decision-making processes. These findings add to the understanding of IT evaluation, measurement, and decision-making in the context of hotel GDS. This study clarifies the intangible aspects in hopes that useful measures can be developed in subsequent research to quantify and evaluate these costs and benefits. Finally, this study provides a series of prescriptions or recommendations gleaned from the three companies that were the focus of this study in hopes that they will lead to the development of best practices in the hospitality industry.
Ph. D.

碩士
國立臺東大學
健康促進與休閒管理碩士在職專班
99
Abstract The purpose of the research is to discuss the analysis of reputation on the network of the leisure resort hotel, it can divide into four kind of resort hotel, which including Scenic Area, Metropolitan type, , and Amusement park type. Using the internet capture technique to investigate the information about those resort hotels from the Yahoo! Blog's, Yahoo Wretch Blog, Yam Sky Blog...etc, and obtain valid 146 hotels which include the date since January 1st 2005 to December 31st2010 and the number of article collected is 56883. 10% of data randomly selected as the study sample, a total of 5691. After filtered samples, the effective samples are 4203, and through the text methods and correspondence analysis to process the empirical research. After manual view and the corresponding analysis, the results showed the following conclusions: I. The customers of 2005 to 2010 of Scenic Area emphasize the environmental landscape the most, and secondly the tasting of the food. During this period of time, the satisfaction of fitness facilities, swimming pool, spa, SAP facilities, room size, room clean, the dishes tasting improved significantly year by year. II. The customers of 2005 to 2010 of Metropolitan type emphasize the tasting of the dishes, and satisfaction of the dining, room facilities, the comfort of environment increased during this five year. The customers satisfaction and emphasis of dining has become the top of these four type of resort hotels. III. The customers of 2005 to 2010 of Spa type emphasize Spa and hot spring the most, and while the satisfaction of environmental landscape, comfort, and surrounding environment has gradually increased. The rating of environmental landscape in 2010 is even better than the Scenic Area. IV. The customers of 2005 to 2010 of Amusement park type emphasize the playground, surrounding environment, landscape, environmental comfort and so on.

Generation Y has been considered to be a sizeable new market. This study, based on a sample of 1131 Italian travellers from Gen Y, investigates their views for and against disintermediation, and analyses how their choices are influenced by user generated content (UGC), rather than by information provided by high street travel agencies. The factor analysis uncovers three dimensions: “Benefits of Travel Agency”, “Benefits of Online Reservation”, and “Online Trust & Search Behaviour”. Further, a series of statistical tests indicate that demographics such as age and education have a significant influence on the respondents' perceptions. Our findings suggest that hotel managers and travel agencies should monitor Gen Y perceptions of the benefits and constraints of using the Internet, UGC and travel agencies for hotel booking. Further, accommodation providers should use online channels to create affective commitment in their young customers. Limitations of the study are discussed and suggestions for further research are given.

Online reviews have become a significant source of information for travel planning, influencing consumers purchasing decisions and behaviour. This study aims to explore the impacts of online reviews on hotel booking intentions and its significance for entrepreneurial success. It evaluates features from the content of online reviews to understand their impacts upon customers' online booking intention in hotels. Content analysis findings of relevant literature indicates positive causal relationship between online review volume, valence, quality, and online booking intention. There is a significant negative impact of negative online reviews on online booking intention, whilst positive online reviews can gain positive influence. Consumer tend to be more influenced by negative reviews than positive ones. Social media and online travel agent sites are popular internet platforms used. The influence of online reviews on hotel performance is very significant. Hotel entrepreneurs are recommended to pay close attention to online reviews and its impacts and effectively manage reviews.

With the rapid expansion of the internet corporate websites are becoming an important tool of communication with target markets. The target markets of the hotels go beyond the borders of the country and can be anywhere in the world. Effective use of the corporate web sites is an important factor that affects the success of hotel enterprises in the competitive environment. In this context, the main purpose of this study is to evaluate hotels’ web sites in Bishkek and to reveal the situation in terms of characteristics that should be in their web pages. A total of 30 hotel websites have been reviewed. Data was obtained from hotel web sites using an evaluation form. Percentage and frequency techniques were applied to analyze the data and results are given by hotel types (three or four stars). According to the results, it was found that hotels’ web sites are not sufficient in terms of required features and both three and four star hotels demonstrate same performance. In particular, it can be said that the hotel web sites are very poor in terms of information about the destination. Hotels should benefit from the results of academic studies and, if necessary, to conduct their own researches in order to have an effective web sites.