Academic literature on the topic 'House sparrow'
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Journal articles on the topic "House sparrow"
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Jokimäki, Jukka, Jukka Suhonen, and Marja-Liisa Kaisanlahti-Jokimäki. "Differential Long-Term Population Responses of Two Closely Related Human-Associated Sparrow Species with Respect to Urbanization." Birds 2, no. 3 (July 24, 2021): 230–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/birds2030017.
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Urban planning and management need long-term population level studies for evaluating how urbanization influences biodiversity. Firstly, we reviewed the current population trends of the House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) and the Eurasian Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus) in Europe, and evaluated the usefulness of citizens’ science projects to monitor these species in Finland. Secondly, we conducted a long-term (1991–2020) winter field study in 31 urban settlements along a 950 km north–south extent in Finland to study how latitude, weather and urbanization influence on sparrow’s growth rates. The House Sparrow is declining in 15 countries, and increasing in 5, whereas the Eurasian Tree Sparrow is declining in 12 and increasing in 9 European countries. The trend of the House Sparrow was significantly negative in continental Europe. However, the trend of the Eurasian Tree Sparrow was not significant. Both species have declined simultaneously in six countries, whereas in four countries, their trends are opposite. Citizen-based, long-term (2006–2020) winter season project data indicated that House Sparrow has decreased, whereas Eurasian Tree Sparrow has increased in Finland. However, the short-term (2013–2020) breeding season citizen-based project data did not indicate significant changes in the occupation rate of sparrows. Our long-term (1991–2020) field study indicated that wintering populations of the House Sparrow have decreased, whereas the Eurasian Tree Sparrows have both expanded their wintering range and increased their population size. Based on our winter count data, latitude and weather did not significantly influence the growth rates of sparrows. When the human population increased within the study plot, House Sparrow populations decreased, and vice versa. There was also a trend that a decreasing number of feeding sites has decreased the House Sparrow numbers. Urban-related factors did not influence the growth rate of the Eurasian Tree Sparrow. Our results indicate that the colonization of a new, even closely related species does not influence negatively on earlier urbanized species. It is probable that the niches of these sparrow species are different enough for allowing them to co-occur. The House Sparrow mainly nests on buildings, whereas the Eurasian Tree Sparrow can easily accept, e.g., nest boxes. Urban planning should take care of both the food availability and nest sites availability for both sparrow species.
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Kopij, Grzegorz. "The Status Of Sparrows In Lesotho, Southern Africa." International Studies on Sparrows 38, no. 1 (December 1, 2014): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/isspar-2015-0027.
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Abstract There are three Passer species in Lesotho: House Sparrow P. domesticus, Cape Sparrow P. melanurus, and Grey-headed Sparrow P. diffusus. The House Sparrow is an introduced species, recorded first in Lesotho in 1954. Today, all three species are very numerous (as dominants or subdominants) in urban and rural areas in all ecozones in the country. With an increase of altitude the proportion of Cape Sparrows in relation to the other sparrow species increases, while the reverse is true for the Grey-headed Sparrow. The proportion of House Sparrows appears to be only slightly affected by altitude. In some areas, the House Sparrow may displace the Grey-headed Sparrow.
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Li, Mingrui. "Possible conservation methods of sparrows in China." BCP Social Sciences & Humanities 19 (August 30, 2022): 290–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpssh.v19i.1619.
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Tree and house sparrows are the most common sparrows in China, but sparrow populations have experienced extreme, man-made declines in history. Sparrows have been listed as beneficial birds in China, but the protective behavior of sparrows is almost invisible. This paper discusses the status of sparrows in China, compares the protection and coping methods of sparrows abroad, and provides possible protection schemes: (1) to provide adequate high-quality food sources in sparrow habitat; (2) to reduce the impact of habitat fragmentation; (3) to reduce unnecessary human intervention on sparrows; (4) to identify sparrow’s ecological functionality correctly. Future studies should incorporate more factors to comprehensively assess the need to protect sparrows.
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Laxmi Narayana, B., V. Vasudeva Rao, M. Sandeep, G. Surender, and A. V. L. N. Ramaligeswara Rao. "A Preliminary Survey of House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) in Ramakrishna Beach Road, Vishakhapatnam (Vizag), Andhra Pradesh." International Letters of Natural Sciences 31 (January 2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.31.1.
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We studied the population records of House Sparrow Passer domesticus 16th to 20th December 2011 during winter in Ramakrishna Beach Road Vishakhapatnam town, Andhra Pradesh. The ecological density of House Sparrow was investigated using fixed width transects. A total of 189 House sparrows were recorded. The present study shows that a notable population of House Sparrow in Beach Road.
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Laxmi Narayana, B., V. Vasudeva Rao, M. Sandeep, G. Surender, and A. V. L. N. Ramaligeswara Rao. "A Preliminary Survey of House Sparrow (<i>Passer domesticus</i>) in Ramakrishna Beach Road, Vishakhapatnam (Vizag), Andhra Pradesh." International Letters of Natural Sciences 31 (January 4, 2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-6wfh93.
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We studied the population records of House Sparrow Passer domesticus 16th to 20th December 2011 during winter in Ramakrishna Beach Road Vishakhapatnam town, Andhra Pradesh. The ecological density of House Sparrow was investigated using fixed width transects. A total of 189 House sparrows were recorded. The present study shows that a notable population of House Sparrow in Beach Road.
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Dadam, Daria, Robert A. Robinson, Anabel Clements, Will J. Peach, Malcolm Bennett, J. Marcus Rowcliffe, and Andrew A. Cunningham. "Avian malaria-mediated population decline of a widespread iconic bird species." Royal Society Open Science 6, no. 7 (July 2019): 182197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.182197.
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Parasites have the capacity to affect animal populations by modifying host survival, and it is increasingly recognized that infectious disease can negatively impact biodiversity. Populations of the house sparrow ( Passer domesticus ) have declined in many European towns and cities, but the causes of these declines remain unclear. We investigated associations between parasite infection and house sparrow demography across suburban London where sparrow abundance has declined by 71% since 1995. Plasmodium relictum infection was found at higher prevalences (averaging 74%) in suburban London house sparrows than previously recorded in any wild bird population in Northern Europe. Survival rates of juvenile and adult sparrows and population growth rate were negatively related to Plasmodium relictum infection intensity. Other parasites were much less prevalent and exhibited no relationship with sparrow survival and no negative relationship with population growth. Low rates of co-infection suggested sparrows were not immunocompromised. Our findings indicate that P. relictum infection may be influencing house sparrow population dynamics in suburban areas. The demographic sensitivity of the house sparrow to P. relictum infection in London might reflect a recent increase in exposure to this parasite.
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Węgrzynowicz, Andrzej. "Importance Of Nest Sites Availability For Abundance And Changes In Number Of House- And Tree Sparrow In Warsaw." International Studies on Sparrows 36, no. 1 (December 1, 2012): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/isspar-2015-0013.
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Abstract House- and Tree Sparrows were censused on 55 plots (684 ha), representing 3 habitats: housing estates, parks and allotment gardens in Warsaw from 2005-2009 and in 2012. Also, the data on nest sites of both species were gathered. Data from 70s/80s of the other authors enabled to determine the changes in number of sparrows. The population of House Sparrow decreased on average by 48% and the sharpest decline was found in allotment gardens. The decline continued in the period of studies, i.e. in 2005-2012. Tree Sparrow showed an increase from 70s/80s by 68% although in 2005-2012 the population was stable or even decreased. House Sparrows nested mainly in crevices in buildings, and suboptimal nest sites – such as nest-boxes and holes in trees – were occupied only in these areas where food condition were particularly good. Resources of optimal nest sites on studied area was almost entirely sufficient for House Sparrows population. Number of House Sparrow was related to area/presence of buildings. Renovations of buildings strongly influenced local number of this species, however they were not the main cause of its decline. Although nest-boxes were occasionally used by H. Sparrow, their presence could not stop the decrease in numbers caused by loss of nest sites. Tree Sparrow showed greater plasticity in their choice of nest sites. In parks their abundance was correlated with the number of nest boxes. It was suggested that in this habitat, the observed decrease of House Sparrow with simultaneous abandonment of nest-boxes (and other nest sites) may have contributed to the increase in Tree Sparrows.
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Ravinet, Mark, Tore Oldeide Elgvin, Cassandra Trier, Mansour Aliabadian, Andrey Gavrilov, and Glenn-Peter Sætre. "Signatures of human-commensalism in the house sparrow genome." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, no. 1884 (August 8, 2018): 20181246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.1246.
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House sparrows ( Passer domesticus ) are a hugely successful anthrodependent species; occurring on nearly every continent. Yet, despite their ubiquity and familiarity to humans, surprisingly little is known about their origins. We sought to investigate the evolutionary history of the house sparrow and identify the processes involved in its transition to a human-commensal niche. We used a whole genome resequencing dataset of 120 individuals from three Eurasian species, including three populations of Bactrianus sparrows, a non-commensal, divergent house sparrow lineage occurring in the Near East. Coalescent modelling supports a split between house and Bactrianus sparrow 11 Kya and an expansion in the house sparrow at 6 Kya, consistent with the spread of agriculture following the Neolithic revolution. Commensal house sparrows therefore likely moved into Europe with the spread of agriculture following this period. Using the Bactrianus sparrow as a proxy for a pre-commensal, ancestral house population, we performed a comparative genome scan to identify genes potentially involved with adaptation to an anthropogenic niche. We identified potential signatures of recent, positive selection in the genome of the commensal house sparrow that are absent in Bactrianus populations. The strongest selected region encompasses two major candidate genes; COL11A —which regulates craniofacial and skull development and AMY2A , part of the amylase gene family which has previously been linked to adaptation to high-starch diets in humans and dogs. Our work examines human-commensalism in an evolutionary framework, identifies genomic regions likely involved in rapid adaptation to this new niche and ties the evolution of this species to the development of modern human civilization.
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Tewelde, R. T., and S. P. Gaponov. "Insect parasites inhabiting Passer domesticus (linnaeus, 1758) and P. Montanus (linnaeus, 1758) (aves: passeriformes) nests in Voronezh." Field Biologist Journal 2, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18413/2658-3453-2020-2-2-123-131.
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In Voronezh, 14 species of parasitic insects were found in sparrows and their nests during 2017–2020. It was found 6 species of chewing lice: Menacanthus eurysternus Giebel, 1874, Ricinus fringillae De Geer, 1778, Sturnidoecus ruficeps Giebel, 1866, Brueelia subtilis Giebel, 1874, B. borini Lunkaschu, 1970, and Philopterus montani Zlotorzycka, 1964. Among them, Menacanthus eurysternus was the dominant species for the House Sparrow (dominance 21.70 %, prevalence 10.00) while B. subtilis (dominance 18.60 %, prevalence 8.00) and B. borini (dominance 16.29 %, prevalence 6.00) were subdominant. For the European Tree Sparrow, the dominant species were B. borini (dominance 22.07 %, prevalence 8.00) and Ph. montani (dominance 22.07 %, prevalence 10.6). All six chewing lice species were observed for the first time in Voronezh and the Central Black Soil Region of Russia. Three species of fleas – Ceratophillus gallinae (Schrank, 1803), C. fringillae Walker, 1856, and C. tribulus Jordan, 1926) – were registered. The dominant flea species was C. gallinae (for the House Sparrow, dominance was 67.13 %, prevalence 45.00; for the Tree Sparrow, dominance was 66.47 %, prevalence 73.33). Abundance of fleas for House Sparrow nestlings was 0.724, and 1.153 for Tree Sparrow nestlings. Parasitic flies were represented by five species: Ornithomya avicularia (Linnaeus, 1758), O. fringillina Curtis, 1836, O. chloropus Bergroth 1901 (Hippoboscidae), Protocalliphora azurea Fll., 1817, and Trypocalliphora braueri (Hendel, 1901) (Calliphoridae). Among louse flies O. avicularia was the dominant species (for House sparrow, dominance was 85.93 %, prevalence 53.00; for Tree Sparrow, dominance was 68.64 %, prevalence 20.00). Larvae of P. azurea were found in 13.00 % of House Sparrow nests and in 15.00 % of Tree Sparrow nests. For House Sparrow nestlings, intensity was 3.42 % with abundance 0.30, while for Tree Sparrow nestlings, intensity was 0.15 % with abundance 2.05. Larvae of T. braueri were found in 31.00 % of House Sparrow nests and in 40.00 % of Tree Sparrow nests. For House Sparrow nestlings, intensity was 0.164 with abundance 0.088. For Tree Sparrow nestlings, intensity was 0.106 with abundance 0.220. Significant fluctuations of prevalence and abundance of the larvae in different years were found.
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SLEPTSOV, Yu А. "Number and distribution of tree (Passer montanus) and house (Passer domesticus) sparrows in the Magadan Region." Arctic and Subarctic Natural Resources 28, no. 2 (July 2, 2023): 312–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31242/2618-9712-2023-28-2-312-322.
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In recent decades, a reduction in the number of sparrows has been observed throughout their wide distribution range. However, information on the distribution and abundance of sparrows in Northeast Asia is scarce. Monospecific sparrow populations have been identified in various settlements and towns in the Magadan Region, although there are occasional records of other sparrow species. Among monospecific populations, only tree sparrows breed settlements on the Tauy Bay coast, in Magadan, Susuman, Verkhny Seimchan, and Omsukchan, whereas only house sparrows breed in Evensk, Seimchan, and Ust-Omchug. The tree sparrow population in Magadan was estimated to be 2750 individuals over an area of 9.6 km². Their population density in winter, estimated by plot counts, varied between 200 and 384 individuals/km² in parts of Magadan with different housing types. We conclude by discussing the ways in which tree and house sparrows may spread across the area.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "House sparrow"
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Nhlane, Martin Edwin Darwin. "A comparative study of the Grey-headed Sparrow (Passer griseus L) and the House Sparrow (Passer domesticus L) in Malawi." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005337.
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The House Sparrow Passer domesticus, an introduced species, and the Grey-headed Sparrow Passer griseus, an indigenous species, are sympatric in Malawi. Their distribution in the country and any possible interactions were studied, principally in southern Malawi. A morphological analysis of museum specimens confirmed that grey-headed sparrows in Malawi belong to the Northern Grey-headed Sparrow Passer griseus as distinct from the Southern Grey-headed Sparrow Passer diffusus. This species was widely distributed in the, country in association with human dwellings, both in rural areas as well as urban centres. In the northern region Greyheaded Sparrows were more abundant in the urban centres than rural areas, but in the central and southern regions numbers in the rural and urban areas were more or less the same. In Blantyre City, where they are in sympatry with the House Sparrow, they were found in the low density and industrial areas and were absent from the high density areas. The House Sparrow, arrived in Malawi in 1967 at Chileka in the southern region. Since then it has spread northwards, moving from the southern to the central and northern regions. House Sparrow numbers were found to be progressively larger in the southern region and lowest in the northern region. House Sparrows were found at sites where food was readily available, as in the immediate vicinity of houses. In the central and northern regions they were restricted mainly to urban areas. In the southern region, they occur both in rural and urban areas, probably as a reflection of the larger period of colonization in the south. In the northern region their movement has apparently been restricted by geographical barriers. In Blantyre City Grey-headed Sparrows preferred areas where tree density was high and house density was low, while House Sparrows preferred areas where house density was high and tree density was low. There was a positive correlation between Greyheaded Sparrow numbers and tree density and a negative correlation with house density. House Sparrow abundance was negatively correlated with tree density and positively correlated with house density. Grey-headed Sparrows bred in the rainy season, whereas House Sparrows bred throughout the year. There were differences in nest site selection: Grey-headed Sparrows used artificial structures such as fencing poles, and wooden telephone or electricity poles. The House Sparrow used mostly buildings and nested in crevices, holes in walls and between the walls and rafters. Nest height also differed- Grey-headed Sparrows nested at heights ranging from 1 - 8 m while House Sparrow nests were at heights of 1 - 5 m. Moult data suggests that although the House Sparrows breed throughout the year, they moult at a particular time of the year when breeding is less common. Grey-headed Sparrows were found to moult mainly from May to September in southern Africa and from June to September in central Africa. In both cases the breeding season extends over a similar period from about October to April/May of the following year. Peak moult periods differed between the House Sparrows and Grey-headed Sparrows. House Sparrows moulted mainly in the first half of the year, and Greyheaded Sparrows in the second six months. The clutch sizes of the two species were similar (mean 3.9 eggs for the House Sparrow and 3.4 for the Grey-headed Sparrow). The clutch size of the House Sparrow varied seasonally and was larger from November to May. The average incubation period for the House Sparrow was 11.5 days and the fledging period 15.4 days. The Grey-headed Sparrow fledging period was 14.7 days. Chick mortality of the House Sparrow at Chikunda farm was attributed to starvation resulting from brood reduction, abandonment, predation, low birth weight, accidental deaths and parasitism by fly larvae. Both Grey-headed and House Sparrows fed their young on insect food. Male House Sparrows fed actively initially, but their contribution declined from about day five onwards. In the Grey-headed Sparrow, both parents fed their young equally throughout the nestling period. House Sparrows fed on the ground near houses; Grey-headed Sparrows fed both on the ground away from houses and in tree canopies. The Grey-headed Sparrow walked as it fed on the ground as opposed to the House sparrow which hopped. Grey-headed Sparrows fed mainly as pairs and singletons while House Sparrows fed as family groups. Larger feeding groups of Grey-headed Sparrows were seen in the northern region at areas where food was plentiful. Where the two sparrows were seen feeding together, there was no direct competition for food. Where individual distance was violated; male House Sparrows displaced Grey-headed Sparrows which landed too close to them. Overall it appears that the distribution of the two species is determined more by their responses to habitat conditions than by interspecific interactions.
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Griffith, Simon C. "Sexual selection in the house sparrow, Passer domesticus." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/29779.
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(1) This study investigated the maintenance of variation in the black throat patch or 'badge' of the male house sparrow. This sexually dimorphic trait is thought to be a sexually selected ornament, with previous workers providing evidence of a role in both mate choice of males by females and male-male competition. The study was conducted in 1995 and 1996 in a closed population of approximately 40 breeding pairs on Lundy Island, in the Bristol Channel, England. (2) Genetic analysis of paternity using PCR-based microsatellite genotyping revealed a very low level of extra-pair paternity in both years and no intra-specific brood parasitism. Just three extra-pair chicks (1.0% offspring in 2.5% of broods) were discovered among 305 chicks in 112 broods. This low frequency of extra-pair paternity is significantly lower than the rates reported in three other populations of house sparrows and provides further evidence for a low level of extra-pair paternity occurring in isolated populations. (3) The very low frequency of extra-pair paternity in this population allowed an examination of the costs and benefits that may be gained by a female exhibiting a preference for a large-badged male, unconfounded by the effects of extra-pair behaviour. (4) The direct benefits models of sexual selection were tested by assessing male help in provisioning chicks at the nest. Counter to the predictions of these models, large-badged males contributed relatively fewer feeds than males with smaller badges. Similarly, large-badged males, and the females that chose them as maters, had lower annual fecundity and were predicted to recruit significantly less offspring into the breeding population. 5) A female preference might be driven by the indirect benefits of obtaining genes for either viability or attractiveness for the female's offspring. A cross-fostering experiment revealed that variation in badge size had a large environmental component with a strong correlation between offspring badge size and that of their foster father, with no discernible additive genetic variation. This mechanism for the determination of badge size cannot support a process of Fisherian 'runaway' selection and is consistent with those models which require a sexual ornament to be phenotypically plastic and therefore provide an honest signal.
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Winney, Isabel S. "Personality and its repercussions in the house sparrow." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9595/.
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The fundamental puzzle of personality is why personality – between-individual differences and within-individual consistency of behaviour – exists. Personality has been measured in many taxa and understanding the origins of personality means understanding a common basis to all behaviours. This study uses the isolated Lundy Island house sparrow Passer domesticus system to give a whole-population overview of how personality is formed, maintained, and may influence fitness. House sparrows are globally successful, and might help us to understand the role of personality – inflexible behaviour – in a highly adaptable species. This research uses cross-fostering, where offspring are exchanged between broods, to separate genetic and environmental effects on personality, and first examines whether cross-fostering has inherent biases. We establish that cross-fostering is linked to spatio-temporal breeding heterogeneity, changes to the rearing environment, and, possibly, observer-based sampling bias, influencing individual survival and potentially study outcomes. Thus, we provide practical guidelines for reducing such bias. Second, this thesis investigates how personality traits develop and might link to fitness by measuring three main personality traits. Our results indicate that heritability varied widely among personality traits. No traits were correlated across contexts, implying no cross-context constraint between these traits. Physiological state, in this case nestling mass, was an important factor shaping personality in nestlings. Social broods also shaped nestling personality, though personality was more similar within social broods, which is contrary to theoretical predictions. Lastly, personality was weakly correlated with fitness in females but not in males, and male behaviour might influence female behaviour and reproductive investment. Therefore, the partner can probably modulate the link between fitness and behaviour. This thesis shows that personality can have stable genetic and physiological bases, but social interactions are associated with more similar personalities between interacting individuals. The fitness consequences of personality might be sex specific and moderated by partners.
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Myhre, Ane Marlene. "Factors Affecting Juvenile Movement in a House Sparrow Metapopulation." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for biologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-19949.
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Dispersal propensity can vary considerably between individuals in a population. Understanding which individuals disperse- and under what circumstances these individuals disperse is valuable for conservation. Factors influencing juvenile movement and natal dispersal were studied in individually marked house sparrows, Passer domesticus, in an archipelago off the coast of Helgeland, northern Norway. Sex, clutch size, body size and body mass did not significantly explain variation in movement. Movement rate was however negatively related to hatch date on one of the islands. Moreover, there was a decrease in movement rate with increasing patch isolation and hostility of the matrix habitat. This study suggests that habitat configuration is an important factor determining movement of juvenile house sparrows, and that the environment experienced early in life may be related to movement propensity. I strongly recommend incorporating landscape features in further analyses of movement and dispersal rate.
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Jawor, Jodie M. "Aggressive interactions and behaviors in house sparrow (Passer domesticus) flocks." Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1117106.
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This study addressed aggressive interactions, and some of the behaviors associated with them, in House Sparrow flocks. The evidence suggests that females are the consistently dominant sex, which does not concur with the current idea of alternating dominance in House Sparrows. Another purpose of this study was to determine if predictions concerning the type of interaction and level of aggression displayed could be made for interacting House Sparrows. I feel that accurate predictions can be made when several factors are taken into account: time of year, sex, and the age of birds at the food resource. In this study adult female House Sparrows dominated males from fall through spring, even when males increased their rate of initiating interactions during winter. Across all interaction types, mid-level aggression was used most often and only in male intrasexual interactions was high-level aggression more common than expected. Juvenile birds, mainly males, change flock dynamics in the fall by eliciting aggressive interactions.Department of Biology
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King, Marisa Olson. "Immune function and development in altricial-developing passerine house sparrows (Passer domesticus)." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2010/m_king_050210.pdf.
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Stewart, Ian Reuven Keegan. "Aspects of the breeding ecology of the house sparrow, Passer domesticus." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/29801.
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This study examined the breeding ecology of the house sparrow, Passer domesticus, in Kentucky, USA, with particular regard to sexual selection, infidelity and parasitism. These aspects were also examined, to a lesser extent, in an archipelago population in Helgeland, Norway. Male badge size, a character posited to be under sexual selection, did not appear to influence reproductive success. Large-badged males produced more fledglings within a season than small-badged males, although this was not significant after controlling for time of breeding. Large-badged males did not commence breeding earlier than small-badged males, they were not paired to higher quality, more fecund females, and their young did not fledge in better condition. Badge size was not related to an individual's age or condition, and although badges varied in their degree of asymmetry, this was not related to any measures of reproductive success. Badge size did not influence reproductive success in Helgeland. The level of extra-pair in both populations was relatively low [10.3% of young in Kentucky, 4% of young in Helgeland (based on retrospective identification of parents)]. No extra-pair fathers were assigned, although there were no obvious pheotypic differences between males which were cuckolded and those with complete paternity within their broods. There was no association between cuckoldry and either infertility, breeding synchrony or density. Males appeared to rely upon frequent copulation as opposed to mate guarding as their main means of paternity protection. Copulation rates were unrelated to male sperm reserves as measured by the size of their cloacal proturberance. Females did not adjust the sex ratio of their brood in response to their own physical condition or the attractiveness or quality of their mate. Hatching asynchrony and brood reduction were both common in Kentucky, although the two phenomena were not associated.
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Wetton, Jon. "Aspects of the biology of a house sparrow (Passer domesticus) colony." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1990. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12023/.
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Morphological, biochemical and minisatellite DNA variation was investigated at the colour ringed Brackenhurst House Sparrow population. Measurements and blood samples were collected from 584 nestlings and 692 other birds between 1985 and 1989. Six loci (6PGD, IDH, PEPD2, PEPD3, PEPT and transferrin) which had been the subject of a previous report (Burke, 1984) were investigated by starch gel electrophoresis. All followed Mendelian inheritance patterns, were in Hardy Weinberg equilibria and displayed temporal stability in allele frequencies. No evidence was found of the previously reported segregation distortion at PEPD3 and transferrin but artefact bands were encountered when scoring the latter. Family groups identified by observing colour ringed adults during feeding visits were examined using both enzyme and minisatellite DNA markers. Z chromosome linkage of several fingerprint bands was implicated, though most segregate independently. The probability of detecting an extra-pair fertilization was estimated as 0.5454 using starch gels and 0.9998 by fingerprinting. 51 out of 420 nestlings from 144 broods possessed several bands absent from the attendants' fingerprints. All nestlings with multiple mismatches shared many bands with the attendant female but a number consistent with band sharing between unrelateds with the male, i.e. nonparentage, was the result of cuckoldry. 24% of broods and 37% of males were affected. A correlation between the presence of extra-pair offspring and poor hatching success was noted. Cuckoldry was twice as successful in broods which contained infertile eggs. Metric variation was examined in the confirmed families. Significant heritabilities were demonstrated for weight, tarsus and tail length but environmentally induced variance was considerable. Yearlings were smaller than full adults in plumage length. This may be due to levels of protein reserves at critical growth periods. Some evidence of assortative mating for tail length was found which was unrelated to age associated changes.
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Baalsrud, Helle Tessand. "Population characteristics and estimates of effective population size in a house sparrow metapopulation." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for biologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-15690.
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Effective population size (Ne) is a fundamental concept within biology and can be defined as the size of an ideal Wright-Fisher population in which the rate of genetic drift is the same as in the observed population. Natural populations are not ideal so that Ne is often < Nc. A low Ne can lead to inbreeding depression and less adaptability in a population, thus it is essential to know Ne for threatened populations. Ne can be estimated using genetic or demographic data. In this study four different genetic estimators (LDNE, ONeSAMP, MLNE and CoNe) and one demographic estimator were compared using data from a natural house sparrow metapopulation. How Ne related to Nc was also examined. All four genetic estimators seemed to be upwardly biased, however, LDNE often produced estimates in the expected range (Ne<N) and thus appeared to be less biased. To understand how characteristics of natural populations may affect the rate of genetic drift it is important to examine what influence the Ne/Nc-ratio. Thus, I investigated whether population characteristics such as population size, sex ratio, immigration rate, variance in population size and population growth rate explained the variation in the Ne/N ratio for the different genetic estimators. A general result was that the immigration rate had a positive effect on the Ne/Nc-ratio. The apparent upward bias of genetic Ne estimates and the positive effect of immigration rate on Ne/Nc-ratio suggest that gene flow between subpopulations within the study metapopulation was of significant importance for the rate of genetic drift. Genetic estimators of Ne seem like promising tools. However, if no knowledge of the ecology of the population in question exists, Ne should be interpreted cautiously. When assumptions underlying estimators are violated this can lead to erroneous conclusions about genetic processes in the population. 
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Liebl, Andrea Lyn. "Physiological and Behavioral Mechanisms of Range Expansion in the House Sparrow (Passer domesticus)." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4718.
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Introduced species cause both considerable ecological and economic damage every year. However, not much is known about how certain species are able to establish and spread beyond the site of initial introduction, whereas others do not. Species undergoing range expansion following an introduction may prove to be a valuable resource to invasion biology, but may also be informative in light of species' responses to changing environments (i.e. global climate change). Here, I took advantage of an ongoing range expansion of an introduced vertebrate species. House sparrows (Passer domesticus) were introduced to Mombasa, Kenya in the 1950s and have subsequently expanded their range northwest-ward and now occupy most major cities in Kenya. By comparing older, established populations (i.e. those in Mombasa) with more recently colonized populations at the range edge, it might be possible to determine some of the mechanisms that underlie range expansion in some species and/or populations. In Chapter 1, the background and ideas that motivated the rest of the dissertation is summarized. In Chapter 2, I studied how exploration and glucocorticoids (a hormone released in response to stressors) changed throughout the range expansion. Exploration was greater at the range edge, which is likely to ensure greater discovery of novel resources. Glucocorticoids released in response to restraint were also highest at the range edge, which might facilitate resolution of stressors in unpredictable environments. However, chronically elevated levels of glucocorticoids are often considered maladaptive, unless an individual can appropriately cope with them. Therefore, in Chapter 3, I characterized glucocorticoid receptors (i.e. mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR)) in the hippocampus, an area responsible for negative feedback of glucocorticoids as well as induction of behavioral and physiological response to stressors. I found that MR density was lower relative to GR density at the range edge compared to the site of introduction (Mombasa). I speculate this pattern is a mechanism to resolve the elevated levels of glucocorticoids at the range edge. Taken together, these results indicate that individuals at the range edge have a strong glucocorticoid response to stressors to induce a rapid, strong response to resolve stressors. Subsequently, in Chapter 4, I examined the potential mechanisms of phenotypic change among Kenyan house sparrows. Typically, following an introduction event, genetic diversity undergoes a bottleneck and is greatly reduced compared to the source population; as such, genetic evolution as the main driver of changing phenotypes throughout the range expansion is unlikely. We therefore hypothesized that epigenetic mechanisms (e.g. DNA methylation) may compensate for the expected reduced genetic diversity following an introduction. Although there was no pattern of epigenetic variation among cities (i.e. variation did not increase nor decrease further from the site of introduction), epigenetic variation increased as genetic inbreeding increased (a sign of reduced genetic diversity and bottlenecks), suggesting epigenetic modifications may compensate for reduced genetic diversity following an introduction event. Overall, patterns of phenotypic variation emerged dependent on age of the population- these patterns may prove to be important in other vertebrate range expansions as well. Surprisingly, epigenetic diversity did not correlate with phenotypic variation among populations; however, within-individual studies may reveal epigenotypes are related to certain behavioral or physiological phenotypes. In the future, studies should be designed to address how phenotypic differences arise despite relatively low genetic diversity and overall high genetic admixture among individuals. In Kenyan house sparrows, maintenance of high levels of flexibility and differential developmental influences may be important factors that lead to varying phenotypes dependent on time since colonization.
Books on the topic "House sparrow"
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Biology of the ubiquitous house sparrow: From genes to populations. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2005.
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Mikami, Osamu. Suzume: Tsukazu hanarezu nisennen. Tōkyō-to Chiyoda-ku: Iwanami Shoten, 2013.
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Bernis, Francisco. Los gorriones: Con especial referencia a su distribución y eto-ecología en las mesetas españolas. Madrid: Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrarias, 1989.
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Goldbrin, Hana. Ke-tsipor boded ʻal gag =: "As a sparrow alone upon the house top". Tel Aviv: Yad ṿa-shem, 2004.
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Siller, Stefanie. Epigenetic modification of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis during early life of the house sparrow (Passer domesticus). [New York, N.Y.?]: [publisher not identified], 2022.
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Dott, H. E. M. A major decline in house sparrows in central Edinburgh. [S.l.]: [s.n.], 2000.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "House sparrow"
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Hanson, Haley E., Jaime E. Zolik, and Lynn B. Martin. "House Sparrow (Passer domesticus Linnaeus, 1758)." In Invasive birds: global trends and impacts, 85–96. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242065.0085.
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Abstract This chapter describes the common terminologies, taxonomy, morphology, geographical distribution, physiology, diet, behaviour, reproduction, habitats, ecology, invasion pathways, environmental impact, control and human use of the house sparrow (Passer domesticus).
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Jernelöv, Arne. "The House Sparrow in North America." In The Long-Term Fate of Invasive Species, 55–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55396-2_5.
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Avery, Julian D., and Julie L. Lockwood. "Introduction History, Impacts, and Management of House Sparrows in North America." In Ecology and Management of Terrestrial Vertebrate Invasive Species in the United States, 359–84. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2018. | “A CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa plc.”: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315157078-17.
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Douglas, Angela E. "December 27, 2020." In Nature on the Doorstep, 165–70. Cornell University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501768118.003.0041.
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This chapter discusses how a mass of sparrows descended upon the bird feeder in the author's backyard during the cold snowy weather. The house sparrow, or as it is widely known in the US, the English sparrow, was not supposed to be there. The author then explains how breeding house sparrows became a profitable business in the nineteenth century. Making loads of money out of house sparrows was possible because of two types of delusion. The first delusion can be encapsulated by the statement of the Cincinnati Acclimatization Society in 1872 that house sparrows were, in some mysterious way, ennobling for the populace of the city. The other delusion was that the house/English sparrow would control insect pests. One method for controlling house sparrows is the sparrow pot, developed in the Netherlands in the 1500s and rapidly taken up in England. Sparrow pots were hung on the walls of farm buildings in the hope that the sparrows would nest in the pot instead of damaging the thatched roof. Then the nestlings would be harvested to make sparrow pie.
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"House Sparrow." In Birds of Houston, 18–20. University of Texas Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.7560/770829-006.
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North, Charles A. "House Sparrow." In CRC Handbook of Census Methods for Terrestrial Vertebrates, 101–2. CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003210320-45.
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"House Sparrow." In The Birds of Ancient Egypt, 136–37. Oxbow Books, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.6230179.81.
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"HOUSE SPARROW Passeridae." In Birds of Central America, 452. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780691184159-188.
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Sundarapandian, Mahalakshmi, and Priya Raman. "DISTRIBUTION OF HOUSE SPARROWS, PASSER DOMESTICUS INDICUS, IN COIMBATORE DISTRICT, TAMILNADU, INDIA." In Birds - Conservation, Research and Ecology [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1002009.
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The Indian house sparrow, Passer domesticus indicus, is a small bird that is common in India, found in close contact with humans, instead of forests. Over recent years, according to the study, the house sparrow population has been on the decline in many Asian countries, which is quite evident in India. To understand the reason for their decline a study was conducted in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, during 2007–2008. The population of the house sparrows was counted at five sampling sites: agricultural area, marketplace, bus stand, residential area, and industrial area. The industrial area showed a decline in the population compared to other areas. The study was conducted again after 12 years at the same sampling site during the pandemic. It was observed an increase of 128% in the agricultural area, 233% in the marketplace, 369% in the bus stand area, 131% in the residential area, and 214% in the industrial area. It was interesting to notice a pronounced increase in all the study sites, which is slightly deviating from the other studies that reported their decline. The increase in numbers may be due to the fewer working men and less usage of the equipment during the pandemic.
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Anderson, Ted R. "TAXONOMY AND DISTRIBUTION." In Biology of the Ubiquitous House Sparrow, 3–30. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195304114.003.0001.
Full textReports on the topic "House sparrow"
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Driver, Crystal, Anne Jarrell, Jennifer Ollero, Brett Tiller, and Robert Fulton. Effects of Fog Oil Smoke on Immune Responses in the House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) and Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada430765.
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Larramendy, Peter, Linnea Hall, and Annie Little. Landbird trends 2016–2021, and 2021 annual report: Channel Islands National Park. National Park Service, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2299629.
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The National Park Service (NPS) began monitoring landbirds at Channel Islands National Park in 1993 as part of its long-term inventory and monitoring program. The park’s landbird monitoring later became part of the NPS Inventory and Monitoring Division’s Mediterranean Coast Network long-term monitoring programs. Consequently, landbird monitoring has been conducted during every breeding season since 1993. In this report, we summarize data collected during the 2021 breeding season and we analyze trends in a select number of species. Landbird monitoring was conducted between 10 March and 22 May 2021. Using distance-based sampling methods in a standardized protocol, birds were counted on 334 of 338 permanent point count stations (99%) across the Channel Islands monitored for landbirds. These surveys were conducted at 29 of 33 points on Santa Barbara Island, 8 of 8 on East Anacapa Islet, 112 of 112 on Santa Cruz Island, 40 of 40 on San Miguel Island, and 145 of 145 on Santa Rosa Island. Four points on Santa Barbara Island were not counted due to nesting California Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis) and Western Gulls (Larus occidentalis); 3 of 4 points (i.e., 17, 19, and 20) were also not counted in 2016–2021 to avoid disturbing breeding pelicans. This was the first monitoring season that the permanent line transects on Santa Barbara, East Anacapa, and San Miguel Islands were not surveyed. During the 2021 monitoring season, Channel Islands National Park decided to stop using line transects and focus on point count stations only, based on an external review of the landbird monitoring program. Fifty-six bird species were counted at point count stations across all of the islands in 2021. Parkwide, 40 of these species are breeders in Channel Islands National Park. Parkwide, the 10 most detected breeding landbirds in 2021 were, in descending order: Spotted Towhee, Song Sparrow, Bewick’s Wren, Orange-crowned Warbler, House Finch, Western Meadowlark, Horned Lark, Common Raven, Island Scrub-Jay, and Pacific-slope Flycatcher (scientific names in Table 2 and Appendix A). On East Anacapa Islet, 26 landbird species have been counted since 1993; 7 species were counted in 2021. No new transient species were detected in 2021; 6 transient or visiting species have been counted on the island overall since 1993. On Santa Barbara Island, 50 landbird species have been counted since 1993; 13 species were counted in 2021. Lincoln’s Sparrow was a new transient species counted in 2021 on Santa Barbara; 23 transient or visiting species have been counted on the island since 1993. On Santa Cruz Island, 78 landbird species have been counted since 2013; 45 species were counted in 2021. Hermit Warbler, Lawrence’s Goldfinch and Warbling Vireo were new transient species counted in 2021 on Santa Cruz Island; 21 transient or visiting species have been counted on this island since 2013. On San Miguel Island, 70 landbird species have been counted since 1993; 10 were counted in 2021. No transient species were counted in 2021; 32 transient or visiting species have been counted on the island since 1993. On Santa Rosa Island, 78 landbird species have been counted since 1994; 39 were detected in 2021. No new transient species were counted in 2021 on Santa Rosa; 21 transient or visiting species have been counted on the island since 1994. Nonnative and invasive birds were counted on only 1 of the 5 islands in 2021: 23 European Starlings on Santa Rosa Island. However, anecdotal sightings of nonnative species occurred more frequently (i.e., outside of survey times) on Santa Cruz and Santa Rosa Islands in 2021. The highest numbers of nonnative species detections occurred on Santa Rosa Island, with 25 detections of Eurasian Collared Dove (primarily at the Historic Ranch), 18 detections of European Starling (Historic Ranch), 2 detections of Brown-headed Cowbird, and 1 Rock Pigeon detection (Historic Ranch). Other species were not reported by Channel Islands National Park landbird monitors or in eBird in 2021. This was the first annual monitoring report since the Coonan and Dye (2016) trend report to incorporate density estimates for particular species across Channel Islands National Park. Parkwide, 13 species were analyzed using the Distance Package in R. Of the 13 species analyzed, 5 had either increasing or decreasing densities from 2016 to 2021. All park islands except for Santa Barbara had a species that showed an increasing or decreasing trend from 2016 to 2021. Horned Lark and House Finch on San Miguel Island were the only species to show decreasing trends from 2016 to 2021, which is opposite from the trend presented by Coonan and Dye (2016).
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Hall, Linnea, Peter Larramendy, Lena Lee, and Annie Little. Landbird monitoring 2020 annual report: Channel Islands National Park. National Park Service, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2301088.
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The National Park Service (NPS) began monitoring landbirds at Channel Islands National Park in 1993 as part of its long-term inventory and monitoring program. The park?s landbird monitoring later became part of the NPS Inventory and Monitoring Division?s Mediterranean Coast Network long-term monitoring programs. Consequently, landbird monitoring has been conducted in the park during every breeding season since 1993. In this report, we summarize data collected during the 2020 breeding season. Landbird monitoring was conducted between 1 April and 30 June 2020. Using distance-based sampling methods in a standardized protocol, birds were counted on 7 of 10 permanent line transects (70%) (2 of 3 on Santa Barbara Island, 1 of 1 on East Anacapa Island, and 4 of 5 on San Miguel Island). Two transects were not sampled in 2020 because of nesting California Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis) on Santa Barbara Island (i.e., Canyons Transect) and reduced person hours and unfavorable winds on San Miguel Island (i.e., San Miguel Hill Transect). For point counts, 225 of 338 (67%) permanent stations were counted (i.e., 30 of 33 points on Santa Barbara Island, 8 of 8 on East Anacapa Island, 100 of 112 on Santa Cruz Island, 40 of 40 on San Miguel Island, and 47 of 145 on Santa Rosa Island). The 8 Prisoners? Cove points were not counted in 2020. Three points were not counted on Santa Barbara Island due to nesting pelicans: these points and the transect were also not counted in 2016?2019 to avoid disturbing breeding pelicans. Other points (i.e., on east Santa Cruz Island and Santa Rosa Island) were not counted due in large part to the global COVID-19 pandemic. Traveling to and from the park was only granted to essential NPS staff for the majority of the landbird season. Fifty-one bird species were counted from points and transects across all of the islands in 2020; 39 of these are breeding species on the island. Parkwide, the 10 most commonly detected breeding landbirds in 2020 were, in descending order: Horned Lark, Spotted Towhee, Song Sparrow, White-crowned Sparrow, Western Meadowlark, Orange-crowned Warbler, Bewick?s Wren, Island Scrub-Jay, House Finch, and Common Raven. On East Anacapa Island, 26 landbird species have been counted since 1993; 5 species were counted in 2020. No new transient species were detected in 2020; 10 transient or visiting species (nonbreeding, native species recorded only once or twice during surveys) have been counted on the island overall since 1993. On Santa Barbara Island, 49 landbird species have been counted since 1993; 15 species were counted in 2020. The highest number of Horned Lark since 1993 were counted in 2020 (n = 451). Warbling Vireo was a new transient species counted in 2020 on Santa Barbara; 30 transient or visiting species have been counted on the island since 1993. On Santa Cruz Island, 74 landbird species have been counted since 2013; 34 species were counted in 2020. Bullock?s Oriole was a new transient species counted in 2020 on Santa Cruz; 21 transient or visiting species have been counted on this island since 2013. On San Miguel Island, 69 landbird species have been counted since 1993; 14 were counted in 2020. No transient species were counted in 2020; 34 transient or visiting species have been counted on the island since 1993. On Santa Rosa Island, 75 landbird species have been counted since 1994; 26 were detected in 2020. Rose-breasted Grosbeak was a new transient species counted in 2020 on Santa Rosa Island; 30 transient or visiting species have been counted on the island since 1994. Across all the 5 islands, 3 transient or visiting bird species were newly counted in 2020, for a total of 77 such species counted since NPS monitoring began on the islands. Nonnative and invasive birds were counted on only 1 of the 5 islands in 2020: 4 European Starlings on Santa Rosa Island. However, anecdotal sightings of nonnative species occurred much more frequently (i.e., outside of the point and transect counts), and were made on all islands except Anacapa in 2020. The highest numbers of nonnative species detections occurred on Santa Cruz Island, with 33 detections of Eurasian Collared Dove (primarily at the Main Ranch area in the Central Valley), 15 detections of Brown-headed Cowbird (primarily at Scorpion Harbor), and 15 detections of European Starling (primarily at the Main Ranch and Scorpion Harbor). House Sparrows were observed fewer times, but on all islands except Anacapa; cowbirds occurred on all islands except Anacapa and San Miguel; and Rock Pigeon occurred on Santa Barbara and Santa Cruz Islands. In 2020, despite the COVID-19 pandemic, 67% of all points and 77% of all transects were counted among the 5 islands. Santa Rosa received the lightest sampling of points (32%), due to the difficulty of getting observers onto the island. Even with diminished sampling, species richness (number of species) values fell in predictable patterns: richness was greatest on the larger islands (75 on Santa Rosa, 73 on Santa Cruz) and least on the smallest islands (26 on Anacapa, 48 on Santa Barbara). We continue to recommend that nonnative invasive species, such as European Starlings on Santa Rosa Island, be removed before their numbers become harder to manage. Also, because Distance analyses assist statistically with evaluations of trends, we continue to recommend that a trend analysis using program DISTANCE, or newer hierarchical distance analyses, should be used after the 2020 season to assess 5-year trends in breeding species? numbers following the 2015 trend analysis conducted by Coonan and Dye (2016).