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1

Barber, Robert D., Dan W. Harmer, Robert A. Coleman, and Brian J. Clark. "GAPDH as a housekeeping gene: analysis of GAPDH mRNA expression in a panel of 72 human tissues." Physiological Genomics 21, no. 3 (2005): 389–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00025.2005.

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Quantitative gene expression data are often normalized to the expression levels of control or so-called “housekeeping” genes. An inherent assumption in the use of housekeeping genes is that expression of the genes remains constant in the cells or tissues under investigation. Although exceptions to this assumption are well documented, housekeeping genes are of value in fully characterized systems. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is one of the most commonly used housekeeping genes used in comparisons of gene expression data. To investigate the value of GAPDH as a housekeeping ge
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2

Hanafy, Sherif, and Fakhreddin Jamali. "Adjuvant arthritis influences expression of housekeeping genes." Inflammation Research 60, no. 6 (2011): 521–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00011-011-0327-4.

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3

Mondello, Chiara, and Peter N. Goodfellow. "Methylation and expression of a housekeeping gene." Trends in Genetics 1 (January 1985): 124–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9525(85)90047-2.

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4

Chen, Ren, Mayumi Gyokusen, Yoshihisa Nakazawa, and Koichiro Gyokusen. "Selection of Housekeeping Genes for Transgene Expression Analysis in Eucommia ulmoides Oliver Using Real-Time RT-PCR." Journal of Botany 2010 (March 17, 2010): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/230961.

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In order to select appropriate housekeeping genes for accurate calibration of experimental variations in real-time (RT-) PCR results in transgene expression analysis, particularly with respect to the influence of transgene on stability of endogenous housekeeping gene expression in transgenic plants, we outline a reliable strategy to identify the optimal housekeeping genes from a set of candidates by combining statistical analyses of their (RT-) PCR amplification efficiency, gene expression stability, and transgene influences. We used the strategy to select two genes, ACTα and EF1α, from 10 can
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5

Rekawiecki, Robert, Magdalena Kowalik, and Jan Kotwica. "Validation of housekeeping genes for studying differential gene expression in the bovine myometrium." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 61, no. 4 (2013): 505–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/avet.2013.037.

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The aim of this study was to determine the steady-state expression of 13 selected housekeeping genes in the myometrium of cyclic and pregnant cows. Cells taken from bovine myometrium on days 1–5, 6–10, 11–16 and 17–20 of the oestrous cycle and in weeks 3–5, 6–8 and 9–12 of pregnancy were used. Reverse transcribed RNA was amplified in real-time PCR using designed primers. Reaction efficiency was determined with the Linreg programme. The geNorm and NormFinder programmes were used to select the best housekeeping genes. They calculate the expression stability factor for each used housekeeping gene
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6

Cohen-Tannoudji, Michel, Sandrine Vandormael-Pournin, Jean-Michel Drezen, Pascale Mercier, Charles Babinet, and Dominique Morello. "lacZ sequences prevent regulated expression of housekeeping genes." Mechanisms of Development 90, no. 1 (2000): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-4773(99)00226-9.

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7

He, Bing, Hui Chen, Pibiao Shi, et al. "Systematic Identification and Validation of Housekeeping and Tissue-Specific Genes in Allotetraploid Chenopodium quinoa." Horticulturae 7, no. 8 (2021): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7080235.

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Quinoa is a gluten-free food crop that contains all the essential amino acids and vitamins. The selection of proper housekeeping and tissue-specific genes is the crucial prerequisite for gene expression analysis using the common approach, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). In this study, we identified 40 novel candidate housekeeping genes by the minimum transcript per million (TPM), coefficient of variation (CV) and maximum fold change (MFC) methods and 19 candidate tissue-specific genes by the co-expression network method based on an RNA-seq dataset that included 53 stem, leaf, flower and
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8

Meller, M., S. Vadachkoria, D. A. Luthy, and M. A. Williams. "Evaluation of housekeeping genes in placental comparative expression studies." Placenta 26, no. 8-9 (2005): 601–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2004.09.009.

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9

Chambers, R. C. "Gene expression profiling: good housekeeping and a clean message." Thorax 57, no. 9 (2002): 754–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thorax.57.9.754.

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10

Roslim, Dewi Indriyani, Liza Aulia Yusfi, Desriani Ritawati Hutagalung, et al. "Isolation of Housekeeping Genes on Durik-durik (Syzygium sp)." Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education 10, no. 2 (2018): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i2.14234.

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Housekeeping gene is a gene expressed with a fixed level and in abundant amounts under various conditions. After validation, the housekeeping gene can be used as an internal control to normalize gene expression data. This study reports the isolation of several housekeeping genes in Durik-durik plant (Syzygium sp). This plant material in form of fresh leaves from Durik-durik plants are taken from Kajuik Lake, Riau Province. The next stage is total DNA isolation, polymerase chain reaction, electrophoresis, sequencing and data analysis using bioinformatic tools. The isolated housekeeping genes in
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11

Vandecasteele, S. J., W. E. Peetermans, R. Merckx, and J. Van Eldere. "Quantification of Expression of Staphylococcus epidermidis Housekeeping Genes with Taqman Quantitative PCR during In Vitro Growth and under Different Conditions." Journal of Bacteriology 183, no. 24 (2001): 7094–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.183.24.7094-7101.2001.

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ABSTRACT The aims of the present study were (i) to develop and test a sensitive and reproducible method for the study of gene expression in staphylococci and (ii) to study the expression of five housekeeping genes which are involved in nucleic acid metabolism (gmk, guanylate kinase; the dihydrofolate reductase [DHFR] gene), glucose metabolism (tpi, triosephosphate isomerase), and protein metabolism (the 16S rRNA gene;hsp-60, heat-shock protein 60) during in vitro exponential and stationary growth. A modified method for instant mRNA isolation was combined with gene quantification via Taqman rea
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12

Halouani, Aymen, Habib Jmii, Hélène Michaux, et al. "Housekeeping Gene Expression in the Fetal and Neonatal Murine Thymus Following Coxsackievirus B4 Infection." Genes 11, no. 3 (2020): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11030279.

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The thymus fulfills the role of T-cell production and differentiation. Studying transcription factors and genes involved in T-cell differentiation and maturation during the fetal and neonatal periods is very important. Nevertheless, no studies to date have been interested in evaluating the expressions of housekeeping genes as internal controls to assess the varying expressions of different genes inside this tissue during that period or in the context of viral infection. Thus, we evaluated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) the expression of the most common internal cont
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13

Aihara, Yasuo, Babak S. Jahromi, Reza Yassari, Masataka Takahashi, and R. Loch Macdonald. "Induction of housekeeping gene expression after subarachnoid hemorrhage in dogs." Journal of Neuroscience Methods 172, no. 1 (2008): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2008.03.020.

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14

VERMA, ASHISH S., and BERNARD H. SHAPIRO. "Sex-dependent expression of seven housekeeping genes in rat liver." Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 21, no. 6 (2006): 1004–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1746.2005.03948.x.

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15

Steele, Brandi K., Craig Meyers, and Michelle A. Ozbun. "Variable expression of some “housekeeping” genes during human keratinocyte differentiation." Analytical Biochemistry 307, no. 2 (2002): 341–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2697(02)00045-3.

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16

Rees, Yih-Yiing Wu, Jonathan L. "Variation in Epidermal Housekeeping Gene Expression in Different Pathological States." Acta Dermato-Venereologica 80, no. 1 (2000): 2–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/000155500750012397.

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17

Ross, P. J., K. Wang, Z. Beyhan, A. Kocabas, and J. B. Cibelli. "194 HOUSEKEEPING GENE EXPRESSION OF BOVINE FERTILIZED AND CLONED EMBRYOS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 21, no. 1 (2009): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv21n1ab194.

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Real-time RT-PCR can accurately quantify mRNA levels in pre-implantation embryos; however, comparisons among different embryonic stages and among embryos produced by different means often rely on a control gene, which is commonly assumed to remain constant across samples. The objective of this study was to compare housekeeping gene expression levels, relative to total mRNA, across different stages of bovine pre-implantation development in embryos generated by IVF and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Embryos were produced according to standard protocols (Ross et al. 2006 Biotechniques 41,
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18

Powell, Timothy R., Georgia Powell-Smith, Kate Haddley, et al. "Mood-stabilizers differentially affect housekeeping gene expression in human cells." International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 23, no. 2 (2014): 279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mpr.1435.

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19

Bauer, Deborah Elaine, Vahram Haroutunian, Robert E. McCullumsmith, and James H. Meador-Woodruff. "Expression of four housekeeping proteins in elderly patients with schizophrenia." Journal of Neural Transmission 116, no. 4 (2009): 487–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00702-008-0143-3.

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20

Yang, Teizhu, Bingning Gu, Guolyu Xu, et al. "Identification of candidate reference genes for qRT-PCR normalization studies of salinity stress and injury in Onchidium reevesii." PeerJ 7 (April 26, 2019): e6834. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6834.

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Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) is an undeniably effective tool for measuring levels of gene expression, but the accuracy and reliability of the statistical data obtained depend mainly on the basal expression of selected housekeeping genes in many samples. To date, there have been few analyses of stable housekeeping genes in Onchidium reevesii under salinity stress and injury. In this study, the gene expression stabilities of seven commonly used housekeeping genes, CYC, RPL28S, ACTB, TUBB, EF1a, Ubiq and 18S RNA, were investigated using BestKeeper, geNorm, NormFinder
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21

Nascimento, Pábola Santos, Marcelo Tigre Moura, Roberta Lane Oliveira Silva, et al. "Housekeeping genes for RT-qPCR in ovine preimplantation embryos." Zygote 28, no. 5 (2020): 432–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0967199420000295.

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SummaryHousekeeping genes (HKG) are paramount for accurate gene expression analysis during preimplantation development. Markedly, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in ovine embryos currently lacks HKGs. Therefore, we tested 11 HKGs for RT-qPCR normalization during ovine parthenogenetic preimplantation development. Seven HKGs reached the qPCR efficiency threshold (97.20–105.96%), with correlation coefficients ranging from −0.922 to −0.998 and slopes from −3.22 to −3.59. GeNorm ranked glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and TATA-binding protein (
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22

Olbrich, Maren, Elke Gerstner, Gerhard Welzl, et al. "Quantification of mRNAs and Housekeeping Gene Selection for Quantitative Real-Time RT-PCR Normalization in European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) during Abiotic and Biotic Stress." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 63, no. 7-8 (2008): 574–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2008-7-819.

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Analyses of different plant stressors are often based on gene expression studies. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) is the most sensitive method for the detection of low abundance transcripts. However, a critical point to note is the selection of housekeeping genes as an internal control. Many so-called ‘housekeeping genes’ are often affected by different stress factors and may not be suitable for use as an internal reference. We tested six housekeeping genes of European beech by qRT-PCR using the Sybr Green PCR kit. Specific primers were designed for 18S rRNA, actin, glyceraldehyde-3-ph
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23

Sengupta, Aniruddha, Bradley A. Carlson, James A. Weaver, et al. "A functional link between housekeeping selenoproteins and phase II enzymes." Biochemical Journal 413, no. 1 (2008): 151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20080277.

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Sec (selenocysteine) is biosynthesized on its tRNA and incorporated into selenium-containing proteins (selenoproteins) as the 21st amino acid residue. Selenoprotein synthesis is dependent on Sec tRNA and the expression of this class of proteins can be modulated by altering Sec tRNA expression. The gene encoding Sec tRNA (Trsp) is a single-copy gene and its targeted removal in liver demonstrated that selenoproteins are essential for proper function wherein their absence leads to necrosis and hepatocellular degeneration. In the present study, we found that the complete loss of selenoproteins in
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24

Das, Rajat K., Sarmistha Banerjee, and Bernard H. Shapiro. "Extensive Sex- and/or Hormone-Dependent Expression of Rat Housekeeping Genes." Endocrine Research 38, no. 2 (2012): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/07435800.2012.723294.

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25

Finnegan, Maria C. M., John R. Goepel, Barry W. Hancock, and Malcolm H. Goyns. "Investigation of the Expression of Housekeeping Genes in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma." Leukemia & Lymphoma 10, no. 4-5 (1993): 387–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10428199309148565.

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26

Shaw, Grace T. W., Edward S. C. Shih, Chun-Houh Chen, and Ming-Jing Hwang. "Preservation of Ranking Order in the Expression of Human Housekeeping Genes." PLoS ONE 6, no. 12 (2011): e29314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0029314.

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Greer, Samantha, Rice Honeywell, Mulu Geletu, Rozanne Arulanandam, and Leda Raptis. "Housekeeping genes; expression levels may change with density of cultured cells." Journal of Immunological Methods 355, no. 1-2 (2010): 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jim.2010.02.006.

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28

Schroder, Amy L., Katherine E. Pelch, and Susan C. Nagel. "Estrogen modulates expression of putative housekeeping genes in the mouse uterus." Endocrine 35, no. 2 (2009): 211–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12020-009-9154-6.

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29

Sengupta, Aniruddha, Bradley A. Carlson, Victoria J. Hoffmann, Vadim N. Gladyshev, and Dolph L. Hatfield. "Loss of housekeeping selenoprotein expression in mouse liver modulates lipoprotein metabolism." Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 365, no. 3 (2008): 446–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.10.189.

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30

Selvakesavan, Rajendran K., and Gregory Franklin. "Nanoparticles Affect the Expression Stability of Housekeeping Genes in Plant Cells." Nanotechnology, Science and Applications Volume 13 (August 2020): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/nsa.s265641.

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31

Mahoney, Douglas J., Kate Carey, Ming-Hua Fu, et al. "Real-time RT-PCR analysis of housekeeping genes in human skeletal muscle following acute exercise." Physiological Genomics 18, no. 2 (2004): 226–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00067.2004.

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Studies examining gene expression with RT-PCR typically normalize their mRNA data to a constitutively expressed housekeeping gene. The validity of a particular housekeeping gene must be determined for each experimental intervention. We examined the expression of various housekeeping genes following an acute bout of endurance (END) or resistance (RES) exercise. Twenty-four healthy subjects performed either a interval-type cycle ergometry workout to exhaustion (∼75 min; END) or 300 single-leg eccentric contractions (RES). Muscle biopsies were taken before exercise and 3 h and 48 h following exer
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Wen, Yan, Ziliang Zou, Hongshun Li, Zhonghuai Xiang, and Ningjia He. "Analysis of codon usage patterns inMorus notabilisbased on genome and transcriptome data." Genome 60, no. 6 (2017): 473–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-2016-0129.

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Codons play important roles in regulating gene expression levels and mRNA half-lives. However, codon usage and related studies in multicellular organisms still lag far behind those in unicellular organisms. In this study, we describe for the first time genome-wide patterns of codon bias in Morus notabilis (mulberry tree), and analyze genome-wide codon usage in 12 other species within the order Rosales. The codon usage of M. notabilis was affected by nucleotide composition, mutation pressure, nature selection, and gene expression level. Translational selection optimal codons were identified and
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33

Sato, Hiroki, Misako Yoneda, Reiko Honma, Fusako Ikeda, Shinya Watanabe, and Chieko Kai. "Measles Virus Infection Inactivates Cellular Protein Phosphatase 5 with Consequent Suppression of Sp1 and c-Myc Activities." Journal of Virology 89, no. 19 (2015): 9709–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00825-15.

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ABSTRACTMeasles virus (MeV) causes several unique syndromes, including transient immunosuppression. To clarify the cellular responses to MeV infection, we previously analyzed a MeV-infected epithelial cell line and a lymphoid cell line by microarray and showed that the expression of numerous genes was up- or downregulated in the epithelial cells. In particular, there was a characteristic comprehensive downregulation of housekeeping genes during late stage infection. To identify the mechanism underlying this phenomenon, we examined the phosphorylation status of transcription factors and kinase/
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Moura, Ana Carolina de, Virgínia Meneghini Lazzari, Grasiela Agnes, Silvana Almeida, Márcia Giovenardi, and Ana Beatriz Gorini da Veiga. "Transcriptional expression study in the central nervous system of rats: what gene should be used as internal control?" Einstein (São Paulo) 12, no. 3 (2014): 336–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-45082014ao3042.

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Objective A growing number of published articles report the expression of specific genes with different behavior patterns in rats. The levels of messenger ribonucleic acid transcripts are usually analyzed by reverse transcription followed by polymerase chain reaction and quantified after normalization with an internal control or reference gene (housekeeping gene). Nevertheless, housekeeping genes exhibit different expression in the central nervous system, depending on the physiological conditions and the area of the brain to be studied. The choice of a good internal control gene is essential f
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35

Chang, Yu-Chun, Yan Ding, Lingsheng Dong, Lang-Jing Zhu, Roderick V. Jensen, and Li-Li Hsiao. "Differential expression patterns of housekeeping genes increase diagnostic and prognostic value in lung cancer." PeerJ 6 (May 9, 2018): e4719. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4719.

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Background Using DNA microarrays, we previously identified 451 genes expressed in 19 different human tissues. Although ubiquitously expressed, the variable expression patterns of these “housekeeping genes” (HKGs) could separate one normal human tissue type from another. Current focus on identifying “specific disease markers” is problematic as single gene expression in a given sample represents the specific cellular states of the sample at the time of collection. In this study, we examine the diagnostic and prognostic potential of the variable expressions of HKGs in lung cancers. Methods Microa
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36

Grundler, Florian, and Julia Hofmann. "Identification of reference genes for qRT-PCR studies of gene expression in giant cells and syncytia induced in Arabidopsis thaliana by Meloidogyne incognita and Heterodera schachtii." Nematology 9, no. 3 (2007): 317–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854107781352034.

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AbstractSedentary plant-parasitic nematodes, such as cyst and root-knot nematodes, induce feeding structures in the host root that undergo extensive changes in the gene expression. This phenomenon has previously been studied by gene chip analysis and qRT-PCR. Housekeeping genes are often used routinely as internal references for relative qRT-PCR analyses. However, due to the strong influence of nematode infection on host cell metabolism and physiology, expression of housekeeping genes may be altered considerably, thus limiting reliability of qRT-PCR analyses. Therefore, in the present work we
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Murphy, R. M., K. K. O. Watt, D. Cameron-Smith, C. J. Gibbons, and R. J. Snow. "Effects of creatine supplementation on housekeeping genes in human skeletal muscle using real-time RT-PCR." Physiological Genomics 12, no. 2 (2003): 163–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00060.2002.

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The present study examined the validity and reliability of measuring the expression of various genes in human skeletal muscle using quantitative real-time RT-PCR on a GeneAmp 5700 sequence detection system with SYBR Green 1 chemistry. In addition, the validity of using some of these genes as endogenous controls (i.e., housekeeping genes) when human skeletal muscle was exposed to elevated total creatine levels and exercise was also examined. For all except 28S, linear relationships between the logarithm of the starting RNA concentrations and the cycle threshold (CT) values were established for
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Julian, Guilherme Silva, Renato Watanabe de Oliveira, Sergio Tufik, and Jair Ribeiro Chagas. "Analysis of the stability of housekeeping gene expression in the left cardiac ventricle of rats submitted to chronic intermittent hypoxia." Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia 42, no. 3 (2016): 211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1806-37562015000000133.

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ABSTRACT Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been associated with oxidative stress and various cardiovascular consequences, such as increased cardiovascular disease risk. Quantitative real-time PCR is frequently employed to assess changes in gene expression in experimental models. In this study, we analyzed the effects of chronic intermittent hypoxia (an experimental model of OSA) on housekeeping gene expression in the left cardiac ventricle of rats. Analyses via four different approaches-use of the geNorm, BestKeeper, and NormFinder algorithms; and 2−ΔCt (threshold cycle) data analysis-produced
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Ramírez-Tejero, Jorge A., Jaime Jiménez-Ruiz, María de la O. Leyva-Pérez, Juan Bautista Barroso, and Francisco Luque. "Gene Expression Pattern in Olive Tree Organs (Olea europaea L.)." Genes 11, no. 5 (2020): 544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11050544.

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The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) was one of the first plant species in history to be domesticated. Throughout olive domestication, gene expression has undergone drastic changes that may affect tissue/organ-specific genes. This is an RNA-seq study of the transcriptomic activity of different tissues/organs from adult olive tree cv. “Picual” under field conditions. This analysis unveiled 53,456 genes with expression in at least one tissue, 32,030 of which were expressed in all organs and 19,575 were found to be potential housekeeping genes. In addition, the specific expression pattern in each pl
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Alieva, Anelya Kh, Elena V. Filatova, Margarita M. Rudenok, Petr A. Slominsky, and Maria I. Shadrina. "Housekeeping Genes for Parkinson’s Disease in Humans and Mice." Cells 10, no. 9 (2021): 2252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10092252.

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A critical aspect of real-time PCR is the presence of housekeeping genes (HKGs) as an internal control for the normalization of expression data for genes of interest. It is necessary to select correct HKGs in the investigation of various pathologies. Thereby, we analyzed the stability of expression of the HKGs in Parkinson’s disease (PD). The work was carried out in the peripheral blood of patients with PD and in the brain tissues and peripheral blood of mice with MPTP-induced PD. As a result, Aars was the most stably expressed HKG in the mouse brain as a whole. However, different genes were m
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Kim, Hye Jeong, Jong In Na, Byung Woo Min, et al. "Evaluation of Protein Expression in Housekeeping Genes across Multiple Tissues in Rats." Korean Journal of Pathology 48, no. 3 (2014): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.4132/koreanjpathol.2014.48.3.193.

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42

Faheem, Mehwish, and Saba Khaliq. "Validation of Housekeeping Genes for Gene Expression Profiling in Fish: A Necessity." Critical Reviews in Eukaryotic Gene Expression 29, no. 6 (2019): 565–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/critreveukaryotgeneexpr.2019028964.

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43

Ghareeb, Hassan, Zoltán Bozsó, Peter G. Ott, and Kerstin Wydra. "Silicon and Ralstonia solanacearum modulate expression stability of housekeeping genes in tomato." Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology 75, no. 4 (2011): 176–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmpp.2011.02.003.

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44

Alqarni, Budoor, Brendan Colley, Janosch Klebensberger, Diane McDougald, and Scott A. Rice. "Expression stability of 13 housekeeping genes during carbon starvation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Journal of Microbiological Methods 127 (August 2016): 182–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2016.06.008.

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45

Gautier, Claudie, Majid Mehtali, and Richard Lathe. "A ubiquitous mammalian expression vector, pHMG, based on a housekeeping gene promoter." Nucleic Acids Research 17, no. 20 (1989): 8389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/17.20.8389.

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46

Albert, Henrik A., Thomas Martin, and Samuel S. M. Sun. "Structure and expression of a sugarcane gene encoding a housekeeping phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase." Plant Molecular Biology 20, no. 4 (1992): 663–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00046451.

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47

Nakao, Reiko, Saori Yamamoto, Yuki Yasumoto, Koji Kadota, and Katsutaka Oishi. "Impact of denervation-induced muscle atrophy on housekeeping gene expression in mice." Muscle & Nerve 51, no. 2 (2014): 276–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mus.24310.

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Casadei, Raffaella, Maria Chiara Pelleri, Lorenza Vitale, et al. "Identification of housekeeping genes suitable for gene expression analysis in the zebrafish." Gene Expression Patterns 11, no. 3-4 (2011): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gep.2011.01.003.

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E., Calvo, Rubiano C., Vargas A., and Wasserman M. "Expression of housekeeping genes during the asexual cell cycle of Plasmodium falciparum." Parasitology Research 88, no. 3 (2002): 267–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-001-0526-y.

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Dheda, Keertan, Jim F. Huggett, Stephen A. Bustin, Margaret A. Johnson, Graham Rook, and Alimuddin Zumla. "Validation of housekeeping genes for normalizing RNA expression in real-time PCR." BioTechniques 37, no. 1 (2004): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/04371rr03.

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