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Journal articles on the topic 'Housing development Land use, Urban'
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1
Bieback, Karin. "Housing Development on Brownfield Sites." Environmental Law Review 4, no. 4 (December 2002): 225–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146145290200400403.
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Official housing statistics project an increase in households by 3.8 million in England between 1996 and 2021.1 In its Strategy for Sustainable Development in the UK, the Government declared its aim to offer everyone the opportunity of a decent home.2 But where are all these new households to go? Housing accounts for about 70% of the consumption of greenfield land by urban development and while in 1991, 10.6% of England's land area had been built upon, this is likely to rise to 11.9% by 2016, if current trends continue.3 The pace at which land is being consumed by urban development is considered as one of the major threats to the achievement of sustainable development,4 which requires the ‘prudent use of natural resources’, a principle to which the Government has also committed itself.5 Consequently, sustainable development requires using as little previously undeveloped land for new development as possible. One way to reduce the land use of housing is to build as many new dwellings as possible on previously developed land.6 Therefore in 1995 the Government set a target of 50% for the proportion of additional homes in England to be built on previously developed land, or provided through conversions7 of existing buildings.8 In 1998 the target was increased to 60% by 2008.9 However, development on brownfield land will not always be the best solution considering the environmental impacts of the development as a whole. The location of housing, for example, is a crucial aspect in determining the creation of needs for energy (another very important sustainability issue). It can be assumed that housing development within existing urban areas is generally more sustainable in energy terms, as it reduces the need for transportation and higher densities of dwellings require less energy for space heating.10 Therefore, the aim should be to increase the amount of new housing development on brownfield land within urban areas. This article examines which obstacles need to be overcome and which instruments are available to achieve the governmental target.
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Effendy, Amalia, and Muhammad Ridha. "Perhitungan Saluran Drainase Kopelma Darussalam Kecamatan Syiah Kuala Kota Banda Aceh." Jurnal Teknik Sipil Unaya 4, no. 1 (March 2, 2019): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.30601/jtsu.v4i1.30.
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Number of Population growth will be effect to urban land use. Housing development will be impact to the urban land use function. Land use changed, city growth and Housing development icreasing if not planning well will be effect to Urban water system. Kopelma Darussalam is an area that have problem like that. In that area, demand to housing development to fulfill house for student and employe increasing by the year. Flat topography cause drainage system that eksist not capable anymore. This research aim to design and calculating the drainage dimension in Kopelma Darussalam. In this research used qualitative method.
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Gabbe, C. J. "Changing Residential Land Use Regulations to Address High Housing Prices." Journal of the American Planning Association 85, no. 2 (April 3, 2019): 152–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2018.1559078.
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Wu, F. "Polycentric Urban Development and Land-Use Change in a Transitional Economy: The Case of Guangzhou." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 30, no. 6 (June 1998): 1077–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a301077.
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Since economic reform in 1979 China has witnessed dramatic changes. In particular, the adoption of the new land leasing system in 1987 has led to the transformation of the urban internal structure of this country. Perhaps because of the lack of data, empirical studies lag far behind the rapid urban development and land-use changes currently taking place in China. In this paper the author attempts to examine empirically land-use changes in a fast growing city—Guangzhou—by analyzing data obtained from aerial photographs. The author suggests that some new characteristics have emerged in the distribution of land-use change since the introduction of land reform. Polycentric urban development, a phenomenon that has been attracting wide research attention in Western contexts, has also appeared in the transitional economy. The author demonstrates that besides population density, housing and land value, and firm location, land-use change can be used as a prompt and reliable indicator of polycentric urban development. A range of policy implications are briefly outlined.
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Mottelson, Johan. "A New Hypothesis on Informal Land Supply, Livelihood, and Urban Form in Sub-Saharan African Cities." Land 9, no. 11 (November 7, 2020): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9110435.
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In sub-Saharan Africa, the urban majorities are financially excluded from the formal housing markets and reside in informal settlements. Limited knowledge on the development of informal settlements compromises the efficacy of urban planning and policies targeting such areas. This study presents an analysis of informal urban land use in four major cities in East Africa, as well as an analysis of urban form and household conditions in a case study area in each city. The study found more compact urban form, higher levels of tenants and overcrowding, and lower levels of access to water and sanitation in the examined cities with limited informal urban land use. The study argues that government repression of informal urban development decreases informal land supply and leads to increased competition in the informal land market, causing higher costs of accommodation and consequent fewer household resources for investments in infrastructure and thereby more compromised livelihood. The study argues that governments should accept some modes of informal development, simplify the urban development administration processes, and use technological innovation in land surveys and management, in order to lower costs of accommodation and improve livelihoods for the urban majority financially excluded from the formal housing market in East Africa.
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Jahangir Alam, Md, and Reaz Akter Mullick. "Climate change effects upon massive land and housing development." International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 6, no. 3 (August 12, 2014): 315–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-11-2011-0039.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects on urban flood from rapidly growing land and housing development projects in flood zones and water bodies in and around Dhaka. The paper further extends the analysis to generate an insight into Dhaka’s urban flood due to possible climate change effects on top of land and housing development projects effects. Design/methodology/approach – A mixed method was applied for this research comprising qualitative techniques for analyzing the date gathered from reviewing the policies including the Dhaka Metropolitan Development Plan reports, interviews, discussions and maps, whereas quantitative analysis was used to interpret the data gathered from the global positioning system (GPS) survey and questionnaire survey among the resident of the selected housing projects. Findings – Findings show that a large number of the projects have encroached flood-flow zones and ditches and drainage channels through massive land filling, which resulted in quick changes of land use with wide range of impacts on environment and habitat quality. This study highlighted that the potential climate change impact involves increasing rainfall and subsequent increase flooding. Besides, vast area will be submerged under water and increased warming in the city from high speed built-up area by unauthorized land development. Originality/value – The results of the research can be taken into consideration when making political decisions concerning adaptation to climate change.
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Festus, Ibimilua Adewale, Ibimilua Foyeke Omoboye, and Ogundare Babatope Andrew. "Urban Sprawl: Environmental Consequence of Rapid Urban Expansion." Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH) 5, no. 6 (June 14, 2020): 110–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v5i6.411.
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Urban Sprawl is a disturbing issue to geographers, urban planners and allied professionals in the 21st century. The anxiety is based mainly on the social, political, economic, cultural and environmental consequences of rapid urban growth. Hence, this study examines the reasons for urbanization, as well as encroachment of urban development into the border belt. Next, the study probes into the causes, consequences and adverse effects of uncontrolled infringement and conversion of rural land to urban uses. Likewise, the study investigates the processes of land use development, population expansion and physical growth, as well as their ecological foot prints. Consequently, the study identified the major causes of urban sprawl as rapid population increase, high level of urban development pressure, provision of housing, changes in living standard, as well as technological changes among others. Also, the study found out that urban sprawl is desirable because of the benefits of spread of development, low rent at the periphery, as well as lesser pressure on the environment of the border belt. Also, the effects of urban sprawl were recognized as destruction of the means of livelihood of the rural dwellers at the urban fringe belt, land fragmentation, food scarcity, changes in the ecosystem, environmental pollution, biodiversity loss, as well as loss of wildlife habitat. For the achievement of sustainable urban development in the 21st century and beyond, the study recommends environmental monitoring with the aid of geographic information systems and remote sensing techniques, environmental impact assessment, development control, farm land policy, regulation of land allocation, sustainable land use management, as well as enforcement of planning policies.
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Turnbull, Shann. "Democratizing the wealth of cities: self-financing urban development." Environment and Urbanization 29, no. 1 (March 24, 2017): 237–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956247816685985.
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In conventional urban developments, land and property owners benefit from the uplift in land values that arises from the costly public investments by different levels of government in roads, water, sewerage, transport, education, hospitals and other services, as well as from private investments in production, trade, office, retail, entertainment, sporting and residential facilities. This paper describes the many benefits that come from cooperative land banks that make the development of new urban sites with infrastructure and services self-financing (reducing the need for public investment). They also lower the costs of housing and commercial investments by removing the cost of land. This is achieved by separating the ownership of land (now owned by the cooperative) from the ownership of buildings, and by making the rights of ownership conditional upon use (i.e. use it or lose it). Owners of dwellings get a “dynamic lease” that reflects the value of their investment and in addition obtain shares in the cooperative that capture the value of all sites and community assets. Cooperative land banks can also contribute to financing urban renewal initiatives, although, as the paper describes, this may need supportive legislation.
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Nae, Dumitrache, Suditu, and Matei. "Housing Activism Initiatives and Land-Use Conflicts: Pathways for Participatory Planning and Urban Sustainable Development in Bucharest City, Romania." Sustainability 11, no. 22 (November 6, 2019): 6211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11226211.
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This paper presents a geographical perspective of the phenomena of housing activism and land-use conflicts per se. It focuses not only on their spatial manifestations, but also on the complexity of the perceived meanings, values, and the power relationships among the involved parties, rooting into activist geographies. The research methodology was based on two complementary methods: frame analysis to observe the emergence, sources of land-use conflicts, and nature of the relationships between the actors involved; and discourse analysis to explore the social interactions and power relations between structures and practices related to housing activism. For a more inclusive perspective on the sources of land-use conflicts and housing activism initiatives in Bucharest, we used a combination and triangulation of various sources and modes of data collection. Compared with other European cities with active civic engagement, this phenomenon is still emerging in Bucharest. Although conflicts are numerous, the civic initiatives are still fragmented and fail to generate a vision and implementable public policy. However, multiple assaults on urban spaces (green areas, historically protected areas) have resulted in more actions and actors (individual or organised) becoming civically engaged. The article contributes to the environmental debates that stress housing activism as a pathway to participatory planning initiatives.
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Zambon, Cerdà, Gambella, Egidi, and Salvati. "Industrial Sprawl and Residential Housing: Exploring the Interplay between Local Development and Land-Use Change in the Valencian Community, Spain." Land 8, no. 10 (September 20, 2019): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land8100143.
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Urbanization in Mediterranean Europe has occurred in recent decades with expansion of residential, commercial and industrial settlements into rural landscapes outside the traditional metropolitan boundaries. Industrial expansion in peri-urban contexts was particularly intense in Southern Europe. Based on these premises, this work investigates residential and industrial settlement dynamics in the Valencian Community, Spain, between 2005 and 2015, with the aim to clarify the role of industrial expansion in total urban growth in a paradigmatic Mediterranean region. Since the early 1990s, the Valencian industrial sector developed in correspondence with already established industrial nodes, altering the surrounding rural landscape. Six variables (urban hierarchy, discontinuous settlements, pristine land under urban expansion, isolated industrial settlements, within- and out-of-plan industrial areas) were considered with the aim at exploring land-use change. Empirical results indicate a role of industrial development in pushing urban sprawl in coastal Valencia. A reflection on the distinctive evolution of residential and industrial settlements is essential for designing new planning measures for sustainable land management and containment of urban sprawl in Southern Europe. A comparative analysis of different alternatives of urban development based on quantitative assessment of land-use change provides guidelines for local development and ecological sustainability.
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Daniel, Maren Mallo, Joseph Tanko Nkup, and Nenrot Gombwer Wuyokwe. "Property Tax Reform and Urban Housing Production and Consumption in Nigeria." Baltic Journal of Real Estate Economics and Construction Management 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 170–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjreecm-2020-0012.
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Abstract In the past decade, the Nigerian government has witnessed dwindling revenues owing to fluctuating oil prices. This has necessitated the search for alternative revenue sources. For the authorities in Jos, the administrative city of Plateau State in north-central Nigeria, taxes within housing production and consumption loop were thought to be the easiest catch. Accordingly, the authorities intensified the generation of land titling fee, capital gains tax, value added tax, land use charge, ground rent, development permits, probate fee, withholding tax among others. These efforts came with some implication for urban housing. The paper aims to provide an understanding of this and it employed a wide range of secondary data of quantitative and qualitative forms in pursuits of two objectives. The first objective examined how property taxes were administered and found that multiple agencies were involved in tax administration and, as a result, double taxation occurred in land titling, seeking of development permits and probate. Furthermore, sporadic land and property registration impeded the development of a cadastre, thereby allowing the government to arbitrarily and outrageously apply taxes, which tax payers tried to evade through informal house building and property transactions. The second objective analysed the impact of property taxation and found that taxes accounted for a high cost of new housing and residential rentals but also had the potentials of stimulating housing production and consumption. Recommendations that could help the government generate revenue from taxing properties while also incentivising housing production and consumption were offered.
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Mc Cawley, Diego Gil. "Law and Inclusive Urban Development: Lessons from Chile’s Enabling Markets Housing Policy Regime." American Journal of Comparative Law 67, no. 3 (September 2019): 587–636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcl/avz026.
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Abstract This Article addresses the recent international trend in development theory and practice towards an “enabling markets” approach in housing policy. This approach delegates to housing markets the responsibility of providing affordable housing and therefore limits the role of government to stimulating the private sector through targeted subsidies. I ask whether an enabling markets policy constitutes an adequate regulatory strategy for the provision of sustainable housing solutions for the urban poor. I explore this question through an in-depth case study of Chile’s housing policy regime, which was a pioneer in the implementation of an enabling markets strategy; for over four decades, successive governments have been able to provide access to housing to a vast portion of low-income residents, in the context of a regulatory framework that favors private real estate development. However, this success story is marred by an important failure. Through its market-based regime, Chile has routinely clustered low-income families on cheap land, usually located at the periphery of the country’s urban centers, and often in areas with poor public and private services. The main argument I present in this Article is that Chile’s commitment towards an enabling markets regulatory regime has helped to reinforce the pattern of urban exclusion, and has prevented the government from experimenting with alternative policy strategies that may be more effective in promoting inclusionary housing. The main limitation of the enabling markets strategy is that it assumes that the delivery of targeted subsidies will generate an adequate supply of affordable housing for the low-income sector. The Chilean experience shows that this assumption is false, because subsidies are rarely sufficient to enable beneficiaries to compete for well-located housing, while private companies have strong incentives to agglomerate low-income housing in the least desirable urban areas. I argue that, in order to promote urban inclusion, governments need to experiment with an alternative policy strategy that I call a “planning housing markets” approach, which involves using land-use governance mechanisms to ensure that low-income housing is fairly distributed within cities.
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Biłozor, Andrzej, Iwona Cieślak, and Szymon Czyża. "An Analysis of Urbanisation Dynamics with the Use of the Fuzzy Set Theory—A Case Study of the City of Olsztyn." Remote Sensing 12, no. 11 (June 1, 2020): 1784. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12111784.
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Quantitative, qualitative and structural changes in land use that occur in a given location over time are a manifestation and a measure of urban development. Urbanisation is a process of spatial diffusion that spreads from the urban core to peripheral areas. Urban development is linked with human activities in a specific location and in a given period of time. In the context of spatial management, urbanisation is a process where less intensive land-use types are replaced by more intensive forms of land use. The demand for new land for residential development, the search for alternative locations for housing construction and the development of sustainable land management plans require new methods that support decision-making in the process of land conversion in peri-urban areas. The aim of this study was to develop a methodology for identifying and localising the boundaries of urban development with the use of the fuzzy set theory and to analyse the rate of changes in land use based on data for 2005–2010–2017. The proposed method supports the identification and localisation of urbanised areas and an evaluation of the degree of urbanisation in the interval [0,1]. The case study was conducted in the Polish city of Olsztyn.
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Lin, Yingchao, Zhili Ma, Ke Zhao, Weiyan Hu, and Jing Wei. "The Impact of Population Migration on Urban Housing Prices: Evidence from China’s Major Cities." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (September 5, 2018): 3169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093169.
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With increasingly high housing prices, the urban housing problem has changed from an economic issue to a livelihood issue in China. Taking 32 major cities in China as an example, this paper employed data from 2007 to 2016 to build a panel data model to empirically study the impact of population migration on urban housing prices. From the two perspectives of the national level and regional level (eastern region, central region and western region), the results of this study showed that (1) on the national level, population inflow had a significant positive correlation with urban housing prices, where a population inflow rate increase of 1% increased urban housing prices by 0.31%; and (2) on the regional level, a population inflow rate increase of 1% increased urban housing prices in the eastern region by 1.34%, but population inflow had no obvious impact on the urban housing prices in the central and western regions. Based on the results, this study suggested addressing housing supply imbalances through housing product diversification and affordable housing system improvement, and addressing construction land supply imbalances by building a perfect system linking land-use planning to population; at the same time, it also suggested building more nationally central cities following the urbanization trend, and taking this as the key to developing urban agglomerations, reasonably decentralizing the population flow, promoting the healthy and stable development of the real-estate market and advancing sustainable urbanization. The above conclusions have practical significance for China and other developing countries to coordinate population and urban development in the process of rapid urbanization.
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Searcy, Yan Dominic. "Planning Office and Community Influence on Land-Use Decisions Intended to Benefit the Low-Income: Welcome to Chicago." Urban Studies Research 2014 (July 10, 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/146390.
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This study explores urban planning office and community influence on land-use decision making in two poverty-stricken but redeveloping neighborhood areas in Chicago. The Department of Planning and Development in this study had marginal impact on land-use decisions due to administrative limitations. Community influence is moderated by the degree to which low-income housing advocates can act directly as developers and produce housing units. The research findings indicate that land-use decisions intended to benefit the low-income resulted not from community-based political conflict but more so from community organization cooperation with political actors.
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Sullivan, Esther. "Moving Out: Mapping Mobile Home Park Closures to Analyze Spatial Patterns of Low–Income Residential Displacement." City & Community 16, no. 3 (September 2017): 304–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cico.12252.
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Mobile homes provide the largest source of unsubsidized affordable housing in the United States. However, in mobile home parks residents live at risk of eviction because they rent the land on which their homes are located. This study formulates a methodology to examine the residential turnover and displacement that result from the closure of these parks. I investigate the spatial distribution of closing mobile home parks through ArcGIS modeling of land–use data for all 1.2 million parcels in the case study region of Houston/Harris County, Texas, from 2002 to 2011. Findings demonstrate that the spatial distribution of closing mobile home parks is clustered along Houston's expanding city limit in areas where affordable housing development is taking place. Beyond providing spatial documentation of the process through which this important source of affordable housing is lost, this study highlights how low–income housing pressures and urban redevelopment intersect to shape affordable housing in contemporary metropolitan areas.
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Herold, Martin, Joseph Scepan, and Keith C. Clarke. "The Use of Remote Sensing and Landscape Metrics to Describe Structures and Changes in Urban Land Uses." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 34, no. 8 (August 2002): 1443–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a3496.
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Remote sensing technology has great potential for acquisition of detailed and accurate land-use information for management and planning of urban regions. However, the determination of land-use data with high geometric and thematic accuracy is generally limited by the availability of adequate remote sensing data, in terms of spatial and temporal resolution, and digital image analysis techniques. This study introduces a methodology using information on image spatial form—landscape metrics—to describe urban land-use structures and land-cover changes that result from urban growth. The analysis is based on spatial analysis of land-cover structures mapped from digitally classified aerial photographs of the urban region Santa Barbara, CA. Landscape metrics were calculated for segmented areas of homogeneous urban land use to allow a further characterization of the land use of these areas. The results show a useful separation and characterization of three urban land-use types: commercial development, high-density residential, and low-density residential. Several important structural land-cover features were identified for this study. These were: the dominant general land cover (built up or vegetation), the housing density, the mean structure and plot size, and the spatial aggregation of built-up areas. For two test areas in the Santa Barbara region, changes (urban growth) in the urban spatial land-use structure can be described and quantified with landscape metrics. In order to discriminate more accurately between the three land-cover types of interest, the landscape metrics were further refined into what are termed ‘landscape metric signatures’ for the land-use categories. The analysis shows the importance of the spatial measurements as second-order image information that can contribute to more detailed mapping of urban areas and towards a more accurate characterization of spatial urban growth pattern.
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Achmani, Youness, Walter T. de Vries, José Serrano, and Mathieu Bonnefond. "Determining Indicators Related to Land Management Interventions to Measure Spatial Inequalities in an Urban (Re)Development Process." Land 9, no. 11 (November 16, 2020): 448. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9110448.
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Nowadays, urban sprawl, urban densification, housing shortages, and land scarcity are some problems that intervene in the practice of urban planning. Those specific problems are currently more than ever emergent because they imply the notion of spatial justice and socio-spatial inequalities. Hence, it seems necessary to promptly research and describe these from a new and different perspective. Thus, we consider the Institutional Analysis and Development to define a conceptual framework to assess spatial justice. We simplify it into a three-dimensional model (rule, process, and outcomes) in which a matrix of indicators applies on each level. We elaborate the indicators to measure spatial inequalities in an urban development project, for which the reason we refer to the egalitarian paradigm of spatial justice. While spatial inequalities raise questions about land management, we elaborate those indicators related to three land management interventions: the use, access to, and redistribution of land use.
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Yao, Mengchao, and Yihua Zhang. "Evaluation and Optimization of Urban Land-Use Efficiency: A Case Study in Sichuan Province of China." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (February 6, 2021): 1771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13041771.
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In the recent 10 years, China’s housing prices and land prices have risen rapidly, resulting in precious land resources, thus restricting the development of the cities. How to effectively measure urban land-use efficiency and how to optimize it has become a stumbling block on the road of sustainable development in China. This article focuses on the vital province in southwest China—Sichuan Province, which is facing the problem of insufficient land-use efficiency and uses the data of 32 cities from 2003 to 2018 to carry out the research. Based on the measurement results of urban land-use efficiency in Sichuan Province and its temporal and spatial evolution characteristics, this paper uses the SDM model to verify that the land-use efficiency can be optimized from the three aspects of innovation, industrial structure, and economic connections. The conclusion shows: (1) There is a weak decoupling relationship between urban land use and economic development in Sichuan Province. The urban land-use efficiency has the characteristics of polarization of more than two ends and less in the middle, but the gap is gradually reduced; (2) Time series level, urban land-use efficiency in various regions is increasing, and potential benchmark technology progress is the main reason for the increase; (3) At the spatial distribution level, urban land-use efficiency has spatial autocorrelation, forming an obvious “center-periphery” distribution pattern; (4) Innovation, economic connection, and industrial structure optimization can promote the improvement of land-use efficiency, and economic connection has a positive spillover effect on the land-use efficiency of surrounding areas. Accordingly, this study puts forward some targeted suggestions on improving urban land-use efficiency in Sichuan Province.
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Syafri, Syafri, Batara Surya, Ridwan Ridwan, Syamsul Bahri, Emil Salim Rasyidi, and Sudarman Sudarman. "Water Quality Pollution Control and Watershed Management Based on Community Participation in Maros City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia." Sustainability 12, no. 24 (December 8, 2020): 10260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410260.
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Increases in the number of urban residents have significant impacts on spatial pressure, affecting the utilization of river basins. The purpose of this study is to analyze (1) the increase in population and changes in spatial use as determinants of the complexity of the watershed ecosystem; (2) the effect of housing development, urban activity systems, and land use changes on the degradation of the environmental quality of the watershed; and (3) the direct and indirect effects of changes in spatial use, land reclamation, and community behavior on water pollution and the sustainability of watershed management in Maros City. The research method used is a sequential explanatory design combining quantitative and qualitative research methods. Data were obtained through observation, in-depth interviews, surveys, and documentation. The study findings show that land use change, complexity of spatial use, and community behavior have a negative impact on the environmental quality of the watershed. Housing development, urban activity systems, and changes in land use had a significant effect on environmental quality degradation, with a coefficient of determination of 73.9%. Furthermore, the influence of spatial use, land reclamation, and community behavior on water pollution in the watershed was 72.82%. This study may serve to assist the decision-making of and policy formation by the Maros Regency Government in the framework of controlling the use of watersheds, working towards their social, economic, and environmental sustainability.
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Kim Ju, Euijune Jaeuk. "Growth and Distributional Impacts of Urban Housing Supply: An Application of Urban Land Use and a CGE Model For Seoul." Review of Urban & Regional Development Studies 15, no. 1 (March 2003): 66–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-940x.00065.
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Kusumastuti, Diana, and Alan Nicholson. "Mixed-use development in Christchurch, New Zealand: Do you want to live there?" Urban Studies 55, no. 12 (October 26, 2017): 2682–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098017725475.
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Christchurch, one of New Zealand’s major cities, has been dealing with a housing shortage after a series of major earthquakes struck in 2010 and 2011, causing extensive damage to the city. Consequently, two distinct types of housing development appeared in the suburban areas of Christchurch: low-density single-use neighbourhoods and higher-density mixed-use neighbourhoods. The latter type is relatively new for Christchurch suburban areas where low population densities dominated prior to 2011. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the preferences of the residents of Christchurch and its surrounding districts for living in mixed-use neighbourhoods. Specifically, it sought to identify the weights that those residents place on the costs of house purchase and transport, versus neighbourhood costs associated with mixed-use development, when purchasing a residential property in the suburban areas of Christchurch. For this, a stated preference survey was developed, using the efficient design method, and mixed-logit models were estimated using the data. The results show that most of those residents prefer to live in low-density single-use neighbourhoods rather than in higher-density mixed-use neighbourhoods, and are sensitive to increases in the land price, density of development and diversity of land use in the areas.
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Kar, Mohammad Reza Daime, Mohammad Ali Ahmadian, Katayoun Alizadeh, and Hossein Hataminezhad. "Housing Planning for Lower Income Cities with Sustainable Development Approach in Mehregan Township of Mashhad Metropolis." Revista Eletrônica em Gestão, Educação e Tecnologia Ambiental 24 (January 8, 2020): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2236117040201.
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Housing is the most important element of the city, which is of great importance in the sustainable development of the city. Therefore, achieving sustainable housing in order to enhance and improve the quality of life of the present and future generations is a major issue. Housing from various perspectives, including architecture, construction of buildings, residential buildings, land and building costs, housing loans, housing market, housing regulations, house prices, Desirable housing, etc., can be considered. On the other hand, housing is the most important concern of the present-day human being and its most important function is economic performance. And its most important function is economic performance. The housing situation and the analysis of housing prices are of particular importance, because the main goal of urbanization is to create human settlements and, among the various uses of urban land, residential use is of particular importance. Also the share of housing is also significant in quantitative term. One of the indicators for measuring poverty is housing. Good and adequate housing is a housing that does not have too much density. And, in many cases, housing and environmental conditions are the most important factor affecting on level of satisfaction of a person in a neighborhood. Apart from the social class and economic conditions of individuals, housing is always one of the most important needs and priorities of the household. The main factors that have led to provide a place to live become a crisis, especially for low-income groups, are: Rapid population growth, a sharp increase in urbanization rates, lower household size, higher rates of profitability of the land market and housing, reduced demand for housing, reduced access rates and poor financial capabilities of the poor, the plummeting market of land and housing to the detriment of low-income groups, the reduction of land and housing supply, the lack of attention of the private sector and, ultimately, unsuccessful government policies. In spite of various experiences to address the problem of disadvantaged low-income groups, the root cause of this problem is the need to examine its structural factors. This paper has been conducted with the purpose of providing a affordable housing pattern for vulnerable urban areas with a sustainable development approach in the Mehregan township of Mashhad Metropolis detachable area using a descriptive-analytical method of applied type. The population of the study is 366 people based on the Cochran formula. Using descriptive and inferential statistics from the completed questionnaires, experts have been analyzed using non-parametric and parametric statistical methods. Since housing is a cross-domain and multidimensional domain, the attitude to it must be all-round and multi-dimensional. Hence, effective policies in the field of housing for low income groups regarding the potential of the marginal areas of Mashhad for system effectiveness will be considered. Finally, in the city of Mehregan, we can solve this problem, By drafting urban planning, architecture and housing construction in accordance with international standards and enhancing their flexibility and encouraging activities in marginalized fabric for the benefit of low income groups and changing the views and plans of urban development projects.
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Khadour, Nebras, Nawarah Al Basha, Máté Sárospataki, and Albert Fekete. "Correlation between Land Use and the Transformation of Rural Housing Model in the Coastal Region of Syria." Sustainability 13, no. 8 (April 14, 2021): 4357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084357.
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The phenomenon of urban sprawl has caused radical changes in the spatial structure of cities and rural areas all around the world. Syria is among the developing countries that have experienced this phenomenon. Some of the resulted processes of urban sprawl like urbanization and counter-urbanization have had a clear impact on the land use and lifestyle in both cities and the countryside of different regions in Syria. This research focuses on the coastal region and the spatial changes that affected the nature of social life, such as the rapid growth of the population, the expansion of cities, and the new developments, which in turn have led to considerable changes in the relationship and scale of the house, garden, and landscape. The research studies the development of the rural housing model in the coastal region and its relation to the surrounding landscape. It tracks three phases of the housing unit’s development and conducts a comparative study on four villages using a questionnaire to evaluate the performance of those units. The results of this research show significant change in the relationship between rural and urban areas resulting from the new residential developments, as well as the relationship of land use and the historic plot structure and that of the garden and the house into the overall character of the landscape.
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Ryckewaert, Michael, Jan Zaman, and Sarah De Boeck. "Variable Arrangements Between Residential and Productive Activities: Conceiving Mixed-Use for Urban Development in Brussels." Urban Planning 6, no. 3 (September 23, 2021): 334–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v6i3.4274.
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Mixing productive economic activities with housing is a hot topic in academic and policy discourses on the redevelopment of large cities today. Mixed-use is proposed to reduce adverse effects of modernist planning such as single-use zoning, traffic congestion, and loss of quality in public space. Moreover, productive city discourses plead for the re-integration of industry and manufacturing in the urban tissue. Often, historical examples of successful mixed-use in urban areas serve as a guiding image, with vertical symbiosis appearing as the holy grail of the live-work mix-discourse. This article examines three recent live-work mix projects developed by a public real estate agency in Brussels. We investigate how different spatial layouts shape the links between productive, residential, and other land uses and how potential conflicts between residents and economic actors are mediated. We develop a theoretical framework based on earlier conceptualisations of mixed-use development to analyse the spatial and functional relationships within the projects. We situate them within the housing and productive city policies in Brussels. From this analysis, we conclude that mixed-use should be understood by considering spatial and functional relationships at various scales and by studying the actual spatial layout of shared spaces, logistics and nuisance mitigation. Mixed-use is highly contextual, depending on the characteristics of the area as well as policy goals. The vertical symbiosis between different land uses is but one example of valid mixed-use strategies along with good neighbourship, overlap, and tolerance. As such, future commercial and industrial areas will occur in various degrees of mixity in our cities.
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Treija, Sandra, Ugis Bratuškins, and Edgars Bondars. "GREEN OPEN SPACE IN LARGE SCALE HOUSING ESTATES: A PLACE FOR CHALLENGE." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 36, no. 4 (January 2, 2013): 264–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2012.753981.
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The renewal of urban areas by developing green open spaces increases the overall quality of life and helps to reduce social exclusion. Urban green open space can help to constitute a framework where urban society and culture can develop, and to increase identity and a sense of community. It can be used to provide a ground for education and raise an awareness of the way ecosystems function and how urban functions can be integrated into the natural system. Despite the known socio-economic benefits resulting from it, considerations regarding sustainable land use planning often occupy a secondary role when designing city quarters. There exist many pressures – essentially market-related and driven by short-term thinking – for unsustainable development. Housing ownership reform, carrying out denationalization and privatization, along with a core capital for many inhabitants has also created a range of problems – one of them: as a result of denationalisation of land properties, when the land in large-scale residential districts was returned to the previous owners and then provided as the minimum required land to the privatised buildings, the original spatial composition of districts was completely destroyed, creating a legal basis for new construction in large-scale residential districts.
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Ayele, Assefa, and Kassa Tarekegn. "The impact of urbanization expansion on agricultural land in Ethiopia: A review." Environmental & Socio-economic Studies 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/environ-2020-0024.
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AbstractIn a country like Ethiopia where the vast majority of the populations are employed in agriculture, land is an important economic resource for the development of rural livelihoods. Agricultural land in peri-urban areas is, however, transformed into built-up regions through horizontal urban expansion that has an effect on land use value. In recent years Ethiopia has been experiencing rapid urbanization, which has led to an ever-increasing demand for land in peri-urban areas for housing and other nonagricultural activities that pervades agricultural land. There is a high demand for informal and illegal peri-urban land which has been held by peri-urban farmers, and this plays a vital role in the unauthorized and sub-standard house construction on agricultural land. This urbanization has not been extensively reviewed and documented. In this review an attempt has been made to assess the impacts of rapid urbanization on agricultural activities. Urban expansion has reduced the areas available for agriculture, which has seriously impacted upon peri-urban farmers that are often left with little or no land to cultivate and which has increased their vulnerability. Housing encroachments have been observed to be uncontrolled due to a weak government response to the trend of unplanned city expansion. This has left peri-urban farmers exposed to the negative shocks of urbanization because significant urbanization-related agricultural land loss has a positive correlation with grain production decrease. Appropriate governing bodies should control urban development in order to control the illegal and informal spread of urbanization on agricultural land that threatens food production.
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Abelairas-Etxebarria, Patricia, and Inma Astorkiza. "Space-Time Analysis of Migrations, Employment, and Housing as A Basis for Municipal Sustainable Urban Planning." Sustainability 12, no. 6 (March 21, 2020): 2473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12062473.
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A close relationship exists between population, the housing market and the level of employment at the local level. On the one hand, the housing market is influenced by local planning decisions and, on the other hand, that market is a significant factor in population and economic dynamization. Although there are studies on these variables, it is not common to include their spatial perspective by introducing Geographic Information System (GIS) tools in the analysis. The aim of this study is to analyse space-time associations among the variables migrations, housing prices, and employment prior to and during the economic crisis, in order to adapt sustainable land use policies to be used by land use planning authorities. Bivariate Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (bivariate ESDA) has been used for this purpose. As our main results demonstrate, spatial positive autocorrelation was found between the variables employment in a village before the crisis and housing prices in neighbouring municipalities during it, indicating that people move to live in areas close to their workplace, but not necessarily to the same municipality. The analysis also shows spatial homogeneity of the variable housing prices, accompanied by temporal stability. The results indicate the need to implement sustainable control land use policies, not at the municipality level but at the county level.
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Prastacos, P. "An Integrated Land-Use—Transportation Model for the San Francisco Region: 1. Design and Mathematical Structure." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 18, no. 3 (March 1986): 307–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a180307.
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This is the first of two papers presenting the structure and the empirical estimation of a planning land-use—transportation model for the San Francisco Bay Area. The model is based on random utility theory and considers in an integrated way the location of urban economic activity and housing, and urban travel. The model is formulated as a nonlinear optimization problem and is shown to result in expressions which are consistent with behavior at the individual level.
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Delgado, Guillermo, Anna Muller, Royal Mabakeng, and Martin Namupala. "Co-producing land for housing through informal settlement upgrading: lessons from a Namibian municipality." Environment and Urbanization 32, no. 1 (March 14, 2020): 175–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956247820903981.
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This paper summarizes the informal settlement upgrading processes in the Namibian municipality of Gobabis, which are arguably the most accomplished bottom-up developments in the country so far. As these processes were made possible through a broad coalition of partners, we employ the lens of co-production and engage with the more recent literature on it, which focuses on questions of equity and empowerment. We note how co-production achieves more efficient use of resources and decentralizes power in urban development. We argue that in this case, efficiency and equity are aligned. We also note how despite these achievements, the balance of power remains uneven in favour of central and local governments. The paper also briefly describes the context of urban development in Namibia, and concludes with a set of questions for further research on co-production of land for housing the urban poor.
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Mariola, Ferenc. "Land use changes in suburban areas – case study of Lublin." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 49 (November 13, 2012): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/49/2477.
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The main reason to analyzing the space structure in the Lublin area is to determine the direction and pace of suburbanization in municipalities adjacent to Lublin, distinction factors and motives of population movements to the suburbs, complain rural-urban interaction and multifunctionality of land use. Housing development over the years was accompanied by confusion in planning documents and the law. Changes in regulations on land use in 1994 and 2003 in Poland additionally deepened the negative situation. Local authorities failed to control the spontaneous process of suburbanization, which adversely affected not only the spatial structure of municipalities, but also on local relationship, landscape, land use and the former urban systems. The result are long-term problems associated with incompatibility rural areas to support a growing number of residents, such as failure of the social and technical infrastructure.
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Egbu, Anthony Uzodinma, Paul Olomolaiye, and Rod Gameson. "A quantitative model for assessing the impact of land use planning on urban housing development in Nigeria." International Development Planning Review 29, no. 2 (June 2007): 215–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/idpr.29.2.4.
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Baer, W. C. "Housing in an Internationalizing Region: Housing Stock Dynamics in Southern California and the Dilemmas of Fair Share." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 4, no. 3 (September 1986): 337–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d040337.
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The Los Angeles region is undergoing an unprecedented internationalization of its population. This trend is introducing a number of Third World characteristics into the region, not the least of which are extremes in housing wealth, overcrowding, and reghettoization of its urban cores. The region is also attempting to implement a fair-share housing effort to counteract this reghettoization. Analysis of the housing-stock dynamics in the region reveals inherent dilemmas in this effort. It also suggests the need to reconsider local government land-use and housing regulations.
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Phibbs, Peter, and Nicole Gurran. "The role and significance of planning in the determination of house prices in Australia: Recent policy debates." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 53, no. 3 (January 21, 2021): 457–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x21988942.
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On the world stage, Australian cities have been punching above their weight in global indexes of housing prices, sparking heated debates about the causes of and remedies for, sustained house price inflation. This paper examines the evidence base underpinning such debates, and the policy claims made by key commentators and stakeholders. With reference to the wider context of Australia’s housing market over a 20 year period, as well as an in depth analysis of a research paper by Australia’s central Reserve Bank, we show how economic theories commonly position land use planning as a primary driver of new supply constraints but overlook other explanations for housing market behavior. In doing so, we offer an alternative understanding of urban housing markets and land use planning interventions as a basis for more effective policy intervention in Australian and other world cities.
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Yildiz, Dilek. "Evaluating Change in Housing for Sustainable Development: Kosuyolu Case in Istanbul." Open House International 40, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-04-2015-b0010.
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Sparse attention has been paid to the inevitable processes of change that enable progress in today's globalizing urban centres, but also threaten their unique identity, historic memory, and cultural heritage. The aims of this work are to understand the urban dynamics that trigger these change processes, uncover their effects, and discuss how these changes can be utilized to achieve sustainable development. The case study, which uses a comparative mixed method strategy consisting of archival research, fieldwork, and semi-structured interviews, is the Kosuyolu Housing Settlement, a project dating to the 1950s that represents one of Istanbul's best examples of urban development and housing culture. Displaying the architectural and urban planning ideals of the Modern period, this settlement is a concrete example that reflects the period's considerations regarding social housing. Through this case, change in housing has been evaluated in terms of sustainability indicators. The derived evidences show the significant role of governance and the maintained land use pattern for the achievement of the sustainable development and these evidences are used to suggest the development of an adaption guide that will assist in sustainable development in the short term, and the creation of alternative scenarios that are flexible and easy to adapt, active, and based on participatory processes for the long term.
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ROGATNEV, Yuri Mikhailovich, Valentina Nikolaevna SCHERBA, Olga Sergeevna NAZAROVA, Tatyana Anatolevna FILIPPOVA, and Olga Nikolaevna DOLMATOVA. "Spatio-Temporal Zoning of the Urban Lands’ Functioning for Ensuring the Sustainable Development of the City." Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 10, no. 1 (May 19, 2019): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jemt.10.1(33).21.
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The problems of the modern land use development in the cities located in the oil and gas producing Siberian regions of Russia are reviewed in the article. The modern scientific ideas about the role of the modern land and property assets in small and medium-sized cities in adverse climatic living environment are explored for this purpose.
The study is aimed at improving the method for assessing the current organization of the land use in the municipal city of Nefteyugansk. The methodological provisions of land zoning with due consideration for its socioeconomic value and temporal changes are developed. The methodological provisions for a comprehensive assessment of the land use conditions aimed at using the spatio-temporal land zoning model are improved.
The results of the study can be used in the practice of local authorities and legal entities in urban planning, land and property relations, housing and utility services in territorial planning, development of land and property relations in the market conditions, improvement of the land payment system, determination of the land investment attractiveness, and creation of a unified basis for an objective land plot evaluation. The introduction of the results of the study into practice will allow to increase the efficiency of the land use, increase its value, and bring the socioeconomic indicators of the land and property assets of the city to a higher level.
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Noh, Seung-Chul, and Jung-Ho Park. "Café and Restaurant under My Home: Predicting Urban Commercialization through Machine Learning." Sustainability 13, no. 10 (May 19, 2021): 5699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13105699.
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The small commercial stores opening in housing structures in Seoul have been soaring since the beginning of this century. While commercialization generally increases urban vitality and achieves land use mix, cafés and restaurants in low-rise residential areas may attract numerous passenger populations, with increased noise and crimes, in the residential area. The urban commercialization is so fast and prevalent that neither urban researchers nor policymakers can respond to it timely without a practical prediction tool. Focusing on cafés and restaurants, we propose an XGBoost machine learning model that can predict commercial store openings in urban residential areas and further play the role of an early warning system. Our findings highlight a large degree of difference in the predictor importance between the variables used in our machine learning model. The most important predictor relates to land price, indicating that economic motivation leads to the conversion of urban housing to small cafés and restaurants. The Mapo neighborhood is predicted to be the most prone to the commercialization of urban housing, therefore, its urgency to be prepared against expected commercialization deserves underscoring. Overall, our results show that the machine learning approach can be applied to predict changes in land uses and contribute to timely policy designs in rapidly changing urban context.
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SHIMODA, Ryosuke, Shunsaku MIYAGI, and Kenta SHINOZAWA. "Improvement Method of Land Use Condition in Block-development Urban Collective Housing on Koto Delta Area." Journal of The Japanese Institute of Landscape Architecture 73, no. 5 (2010): 625–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5632/jila.73.625.
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Agyemang, Felix SK, and Nicky Morrison. "Recognising the barriers to securing affordable housing through the land use planning system in Sub-Saharan Africa: A perspective from Ghana." Urban Studies 55, no. 12 (October 3, 2017): 2640–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098017724092.
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Housing low-income households is a daunting task for policy makers across the Global South, and especially for those in Africa where past attempts to deliver State-funded affordable housing projects yielded minimal results. Presenting Ghana as a case study, the purpose of this article is to consider the rationale for and barriers to securing affordable housing through the planning system, situated within an African context. The key factors that would inhibit effective policy implementation include, on the one hand, a lack of central government commitment, weak enforcement of planning regulations and low capacity of local planning authorities, and, on the other hand, the dominance of customary land ownership and the informal nature of housing delivery. That notwithstanding, undertaking a mapping exercise of large-scale formal residential developments built across Greater Accra in recent years, the article suggests that there is an opportunity cost in not attempting to extract some form of economic rent from the private sector. By having an already established nationalised development rights system alongside a rising formal real estate market, there is in effect scope for introducing planning obligations in the longer term. Whilst by necessity, it takes time to fully establish and enforce this form of land value capture legislation; nonetheless, if the principles can be established, transferable lessons exist across Africa and the Global South.
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Pimentel Walker, Ana, and María Arquero de Alarcón. "The Competing Social and Environmental Functions of Private Urban Land: The Case of an Informal Land Occupation in São Paulo’s South Periphery." Sustainability 10, no. 11 (November 12, 2018): 4160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10114160.
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This article examines the role of legal actors in mediating urban land conflicts involving informal settlements and the social and environmental functions of private property. This problem reveals the challenges of conciliating two constitutional rights—the right to adequate housing and the right to a healthy environment. Methods include an analysis of the urban policy and legal framework regulating environmental protection, housing provision, property rights, and land use law. The legal case analysis of Ocupação Anchieta, a young land occupation in São Paulo’s periphery, offers additional evidence through interviews with key informants, fieldwork including household surveys, participatory planning meetings, direct observation, and mapping of existing conditions. Findings demonstrate that private property rights continue to have uncontested power in the legal system, especially during the first years of an informal settlement. Furthermore, planning regulations do little to help young land occupations, vis-à-vis consolidated informal settlements, in establishing sustainable practices from the beginning. Peripheral urbanisation through informal land occupations of environmentally protected areas remains one of the most pressing problems of the Global South. Thus, legal actors and planners should develop land use laws, urban policy, and mechanisms of private property conflict mediation that distinguish between young land occupations and consolidated informal settlements.
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Tavakoli, Davood Baradaran, Maryam Tafrishi, and Ehsan Abbaspour. "Criteria and Factors Affecting Sustainable Housing Design in Iran." Journal of Sustainable Development 10, no. 3 (May 31, 2017): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v10n3p194.
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Since the beginning of human life, housing problems are the most important matters of his life and with the expansion of urban life, importance in terms of the needs of mental, psychological and physical users has been doubled. The housing subject has been always interest to architects from various aspects and attempts made to improve affordable housing, attempts to improve relations or social housing, or seek to identify and develop the cultural origins, economics, management and other macro policies. On the other hand due to the growing population and consequently expand need to housing, and also identifying of residential needs of people in different dimensions necessity of this research is doubled. This study assuming more than half of the land in our cities is devoted to residential use and also lack of attention to sustainable development in the Residential Buildings the purpose of this study sustainable urban development and the achievement of sustainable affordable housin pattern.This study focuse on descriptive- analytical and based on library research seeks to answer this question: What are the criteria for designing sustainable housing in Iran? Thus, after the introduction, do analysis and commentary related content. Conclusion suggest that in addition to aspects of sustainability (economic, social and environmental), factors such as social, cultural and attention to the flexibility according to Iranian households, design sustainable housing should be considered.
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Kurvinen, Antti, and Arto Saari. "Urban Housing Density and Infrastructure Costs." Sustainability 12, no. 2 (January 8, 2020): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12020497.
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Urbanisation is one of the most significant global megatrends and, as a result, major cities are facing multiple challenges. In this study, we contribute to the sustainable urban development debate and examine the relation between housing density and infrastructure costs. The analysis is based on four hypothetical design prototypes and a consistent cost calculation framework. Based on the results, infrastructure costs per capita are the highest in low-density areas and the lowest in high-density areas, if parking is excluded. However, if also construction costs of parking structures are included, the costs per capita are the highest in high-density areas. Considering the notably high cost impact of parking structures and people’s limited willingness to pay for parking, municipally zoned parking requirements in urban areas are likely to result in non-optimal land use. Furthermore, construction in poor soil conditions may only be considered feasible if the floor area ratio and residential densities are relatively high. Beyond the cost benefits, the number of residents that may be accommodated is crucial and higher density in central urban locations should be promoted. We also suggest the cost of urban greenness to be reasonable relative to its many reported benefits and conclude that denser urban structure should not be pursued at the expense of green spaces.
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Gajić, Ranka, Darinka Golubović-Matić, Biserka Mitrović, Svetlana Batarilo, and Milena Kordić. "The Methodology for Supporting Land Use Management in Collective Housing towards Achieving Energy Efficiency: A Case Study of New Belgrade, Serbia." Land 10, no. 1 (January 5, 2021): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10010042.
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This paper aims to establish a methodology for urban land use planning and management that provides an insight into the hierarchy of priorities between a large number of activities for planning actions, thus contributing to the concept of energy-efficient housing. This methodology includes three aspects of sustainable development: Economic, ecologic, and social, which serve as an overall criterion within which urban planners could make assessments of planned activities. The assessments are the core of the methodology—every aspect is assessed by concerning its costs, consequences on the urban environment, and the effects on the citizens’ quality of life. Ten experts were involved to prove the methodology’s effectiveness. As a result, a hierarchy between the activities is created, which would help an urban planner prioritize and order further activities. The applicability of the hierarchy was tested through a simulation of a reconstruction process of a collective housing area in New Belgrade, Serbia, from the view-point of land use and accessibility. This methodology contributes to the creation of the prioritized groups of activities, and a finalized hierarchy of the activities, while its application is seen in the process of making urban plans, and defining recommendations for its implementation.
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Tamuka Moyo, Hazvinei Tsitsi, Mark Zuidgeest, and Hedwig van Delden. "Lessons Learned from Applying an Integrated Land Use Transport Planning Model to Address Issues of Social and Economic Exclusion of Marginalised Groups: The Case of Cape Town, South Africa." Urban Science 5, no. 1 (January 18, 2021): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci5010010.
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The Group Areas Act of 1950 has resulted in post-apartheid South African cities being characterised by spatial patterns with limited access to social and economic opportunities for the black and coloured population. Typically, high-density low-income housing is located peripherally, while low density high-income housing is located in accessible central areas. With increased rural-to-urban migration, the demand for formal housing has historically surpassed supply, which has increased the growth of informal settlements. Current discourse within South African land use policy suggests that in-situ upgrading of informal housing is a viable response to integrate informal settlements into the formal city. In parallel, it is proposed that new low-income residential areas and employment-generating land uses should be located along transport corridors to improve access to transport, its infrastructure and the opportunities it provides for previously marginalised groups. This study uses Cape Town as a case city to explore two land-use driven development strategies directed at informal settlements and low-income housing. A dynamic land use transport model based on a cellular automata land use model and a four-stage transport model was used to simulate land use and transport changes. Specifically, in-situ upgrading of informal settlements and strategically locating new low-income residential and employment generating land uses along transport corridors were considered. The results from the analysis suggest that in-situ upgrading is a viable option only if new informal settlements are in areas with easy access to economic centres. With regards to low-income housing, targeted interventions aimed at ‘unlocking’ low-income housing activities along transport corridors were found to be useful. However, it was also observed that middle-income residential development and employment generating activities were also attracted to the same corridors, thus, resulting in mixed land uses, which is beneficial but can potentially result in rental bids between low and middle-income earners thus displacing low-income earners away from these areas.
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Beretić, Nađa, and Valentina Talu. "Social Housing as an Experimental Approach to the Sustainable Regeneration of Historic City Centers: An Ongoing Study of Sassari City, Italy." Sustainability 12, no. 11 (June 4, 2020): 4579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114579.
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The urban development in the 21st century builds upon sustainable urban redevelopment. In this paper, we use urban regeneration as a strategic intervention that reverses social and physical decline through an integrated approach. We argued that social housing is an important strategic intervention of urban regeneration. Unlike many European countries, social housing in Italy has remained an experimental field that urgently needs new models, and urban planning tools and techniques. We presented guidelines for an experimental social housing model. We focus on abandoned buildings and spaces, social issues, and services, with the goal of contributing to urban welfare in the old town center of Sassari City. This approach goes well beyond efforts to put uninhabited or degraded land and buildings to new uses. A model is an integrated tool that is capable of triggering and guiding the processes of social innovation, inclusion, cultural promotion, and economic development. It grounds on the collaborative use of spaces that stimulate a new culture of living together: collaborative living. This paper is based on the results of an ongoing research project, which involves the local University and the Municipality. More research is needed to enclose the model.
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Manshadi, Elham Fallah, and Afrooz Fallah Manshadi. "Global Cities and Housing Dilemmas." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 15, no. 3 (May 7, 2016): 337–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341393.
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Globalization is one of the outcomes of extended economic development in recent decades, which inevitably has direct and indirect effects on different aspects of human life. This paper explains the effect of globalization on housing dilemmas in global cities or cities that want to be global. For this phenomenon, the effect of immigration—resulting from globalization and space polarization, the economic influence of globalization on housing as a global good, the effect of globalization on cultural characteristics, and finally changes in urban space structures emerging from globalization—on site selection of residential land use will be analyzed.
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Mejias, Luis, and Elizabeth Deakin. "Redevelopment and Revitalization along Urban Arterials." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1902, no. 1 (January 2005): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105190200104.
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Urban arterials are both promising and problematic locations for infill development and urban revitalization. San Pablo Avenue, a multilane urban arterial traversing nine cities and two counties along the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay in California, is considered here. The road developed over a long period: first as a streetcar line, then as an intercity automobile route, and most recently as a subregional traffic and transit route. Land uses from each of these transportation eras are still present along the avenue and range from neighborhood retail to automobile-oriented strip development. Recent transit service improvements and a strong housing market are leading to new developer interest in San Pablo Avenue. Findings are reported from interviews with 11 developers who recently built infill housing and mixed-use projects on or near the arterial. Developers see San Pablo Avenue's accessibility as a major asset but view transit services as a bonus instead of a necessity; transit availability allows developers to argue for reduced transportation impact fees and reduced parking requirements. Other aspects of the arterial's design, including high speeds and unattractive streetscapes, are problematic, as are zoning ordinances that require high parking ratios, large setbacks, and lengthy, discretionary approval processes. Small land parcels, incompatible adjacent uses, and high development costs are also drawbacks but, with creative development, are manageable. Local governments could provide incentives for private development along arterials such as San Pablo Avenue by improving street designs, reducing parking requirements, and updating zoning codes and approval processes.
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Jun, Myung-Jin, Simon Choi, Frank Wen, and Ki-Hyun Kwon. "Effects of urban spatial structure on level of excess commutes: A comparison between Seoul and Los Angeles." Urban Studies 55, no. 1 (April 29, 2016): 195–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098016640692.
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This study investigates the effects of the urban spatial structure on the excess commuting rate (ECR) by comparing commuting patterns in two cities having distinctive urban forms, Seoul, Korea and Los Angeles, California, USA. A major difference was found in that commuters working closer to employment centres, or living in single-family detached housing in LA, are likely to have lower ECR, but not in Seoul. Employment suburbanisation, strict zoning separating residence and workplace and single-family housing-dominant low-density suburbs in LA are regarded as the reasons for their lower ECRs, which, by definition, imply relatively shorter actual commute duration and/or longer minimum time. Seoul can learn a lesson from LA for employment decentralisation in order to reduce actual commute time, while land use patterns in Seoul such as high level of mixed land use and compact development can provide policy implications for LA for improving commuters’ accessibility and reducing minimum time.
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Chouhan, Bhanu Priya, and Monika Kannan. "Impacts of Urbanization on Land Use Pattern and Environment: A Case Study of Ajmer City, Rajasthan." Asian Review of Social Sciences 8, no. 1 (February 5, 2019): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/arss-2019.8.1.1514.
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The world is undergoing the largest wave of urban growth in history. More than half of the world’s population now lives in towns and cities, and by 2030 this number will swell to about 5 billion. ‘Urbanization has the potential to usher in a new era of wellbeing, resource efficiency and economic growth. But due to increased population the pressure of demand also increases in urban areas’ (Drakakis-Smith, David, 1996). The loss of agricultural land to other land uses occasioned by urban growth is an issue of growing concern worldwide, particularly in the developing countries like India. This paper is an attempt to assess the impact of urbanization on land use and land cover patterns in Ajmer city. Recent trends indicate that the rural urban migration and religious significance of the place attracting thousands of tourists every year, have immensely contributed in the increasing population of city and is causing change in land use patterns. This accelerating urban sprawl has led to shrinking of the agricultural land and land holdings. Due to increased rate of urbanization, the agricultural areas have been transformed into residential and industrial areas (Retnaraj D,1994). There are several key factors which cause increase in population here such as Smart City Projects, potential for employment, higher education, more comfortable and quality housing, better health facilities, high living standard etc. Population pressure not only directly increases the demand for food, but also indirectly reduces its supply through building development, environmental degradation and marginalization of food production (Aldington T, 1997). Also, there are several issues which are associated with continuous increase in population i.e. land degradation, pollution, poverty, slums, unaffordable housing etc. Pollution, formulation of slums, transportation congestion, environmental hazards, land degradation and crime are some of the major impacts of urbanization on Ajmer city. This study involves mapping of land use patterns by analyzing data and satellite imagery taken at different time periods. The satellite images of year 2000 and 2017 are used. The change detection techniques are used with the help of Geographical Information System software like ERDAS and ArcGIS. The supervised classification of all the three satellite images is done by ERDAS software to demarcate and analyze land use change.
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Urbański, Krzysztof, and Mateusz Jakubiak. "Impact of land use on soils microbial activity." Journal of Water and Land Development 35, no. 1 (December 1, 2017): 249–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jwld-2017-0091.
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AbstractThe article considered the influence the various types of land use on microbial activity of soils and thus using this parameter as a universal test of soil quality. Samples for soil respiration studies were taken from agricultural areas, meadows, forests and urban areas (estate cottages). All samples were subjected to the same analytical procedure and the method of measurement was followed by a Substrate-Induced Respiration (SIR) method. Since all the samples were from neighbouring regions and were characterized by similar soil parameters, the obtained results allowed to assess the quality of the soil environment of the surveyed area and to evaluate the total rating of whole area. The obtained results allowed to observe slight divergences between soil samples taken from areas of different use. And although statistically, in this case, these differences were not significant, the characteristics of the respiration curves clearly indicate that there is a dependency between the form of use and the size and rate of soil respiration. In addition, the results have shown that single family housing does not exhibit as much anthropopression to the soil environment as it might seem.