To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Housing policy of Namibia.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Housing policy of Namibia'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Housing policy of Namibia.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Nandago, H. N. "The determinants of house prices in Namibia and their implications on housing affordability." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97440.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MDF)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study attempts to establish the determinants of house prices in Namibia and their implications foraffordability of houses. The study made use of the ARDL time series model. The study established that the seven variables in the study are cointegrated. The cointegration results enabled the specification and estimation of the ARDL Error Correction Model. The results established that gross domestic product and interest rates are important in explaining the variations in house prices in the short run. Ironically, money supply and inflation, which are closely linked, were found not to affect house prices in the short run. In addition, national domestic credit, which was used as a proxy for total mortgages advanced in the country,wasnot a significant explanation of house prices in the short run. The study also established that the independent variables included in the ARDL Error Correction Model collectively influence house prices in Namibia in the long run. The implication of this is that policies that are meant to influence house prices in the long term can actually target any one or a combination of the variables included in the study. The main recommendation emanating from the study is that the government should redouble its efforts to provide affordable land and housing to the lower and/or middle income households in Namibia.
2
Mathe, Audrin. "A comparative analysis of housing policies of Namibia and South Africa." Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30077.
Full textAbstract:
Both Namibia and South Africa have had mixed success in their housing policies since the advent of democracy in both countries in the 1990s. This paper proceeds from the hypothesis that each country can learn useful lessons from each other in respect of housing policy. The primary purpose of this research was to describe and systematically compare the housing policies of Namibia and South Africa. The historical backgrounds of the countries, existing policies and the manner in which the policies are implemented were investigated. The research examined the housing policies of Namibia and South Africa in terms of their similarities and differences and to consider the impact and implications. Namibia and South Africa vary in their expenditure commitments to provide affordable homes. Their housing policy strategies also differ. Differences reflect different levels of prosperity and differences in governance and institutional arrangements. The study concluded that the policies of Namibia and South Africa are, in the main, similar in that both Namibia and South Africa have enacted legislation that govern matters related to housing – either as housing relates to financing and affordability or as a function of ownership. South Africa stands out, however, in that the right to adequate housing is a prescript of the constitution. In both the investigated countries, there is evidence that their policies are committed to a housing process built on the foundations of people’s participation and partnerships. But there are also differences with regard to implementation. In this study, it is brought to bear on both countries that the provision of housing was not all that successful. But good policies are a good start to a successful outcome of a process.
3
Wilhelm, Martha. "An Analysis of the role of governance on effective programme management - A case of Namibia Mass Housing Development Programme Management - A case of Namibia Mass Housing Development Programme." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29847.
Full textAbstract:
Namibia has been praised for having rigorous policy frameworks that address various national development challenges. Over the years, the country has introduced various policy initiatives to address the housing challenge in the country. However, implementation of such policies and programmes faced various challenges resulting in suboptimal outcomes and consequently, a situation where such programmes are abandoned, and new ones are introduced with little learning from past experiences. This paper, analysed the role of governance on effective programme management using a case study of Namibia’s Mass Housing Development Programme. The findings highlight governance challenges, as one of the key contributing factors to failing programmes. A qualitative approach was employed in gathering data using face to face in-depth interviews with the informants who represented the target population in the study. The paper contributes to the body of knowledge on the importance of governance which public policy and programme makers can draw lessons from for effective programme implementation.
4
Ingo, Paulina. "Encountering post-settler state dynamics : understanding Namibia’s housing challenges and state housing policy." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/70594.
Full textAbstract:
The urbanisation and housing crisis in contemporary Namibia has been the subject of intense
debates in recent years. Much of these debates have focused on the post-independence
government, which has been blamed for inadequate policies and lack of political to provide
adequate houses for its citizens. Many observers saw the housing crisis as yet another
instance of corruption and nepotism within the government and property development
institutions in the country. Such a narrative has come to dominate both public and private
spaces, leading to social agitation and the formation of a social movement – the Affirmative
Reposition (AR), which has positioned itself as people‘ saviour.
This thesis has analysed the urbanisation and housing crisis, and attempts to take the
discussion beyond this simplistic perspective, thus filling a gap in housing debates in the
country by focusing on the bigger picture. It questions the ‗state is to blame‘ narrative for
being reductive – reducing all post-independence development problems to the state. By
questioning the current narrative on the housing crisis, the analysis adopted a broad historical
and political economy approach, and views the housing provision crisis as having both
historical and post-independence roots.
The central aim of the thesis was therefore to offer a counter narrative to the foregoing
narrative on the housing crisis by offering a deeper analysis of both historical and postindependence factors that contributed to the crisis, and to link the crisis to the broader
African development question. This was done through a number of stages: First, through an
analysis of the colonial historical context and its implications for post-independence
development; second, by analysing phenomena after independence that resulted from the fall
of colonialism; and finally, by analysing realities of the people in urban areas. The approach
adopted for the analysis of the housing crisis was therefore grounded on discourses of
Africa‘s development crisis, including those of economic collapse and ‗failed‘ or vampire‘
states.
More specifically, the analysis explored the role played by the colonial history and the crisis
of expectations after independence. The analysis pointed to many factors that contributed to
the housing crisis after Namibia‘s independence, but also argues that apportioning the blame for the crisis to the post-independence government is rather reductive and has resulted in
limited and incomplete understanding of the housing crisis.
The analysis suggests that the country‘s settler period should be a critical starting point to
understanding the post-independence housing crisis. By focusing attention on the postindependence government and placing the blame for the housing crisis directly at its door
steps, it is easy to end up neglecting historical factors and their consequential effects and
manifestations after independence. These are not peculiar to Namibia, but have also been
experienced in other post-colonial states in the region. These were often responsible for the
demands, expectations and challenges that were encountered after independence, which any
explanation that focuses on the government and its failures fail to fully explain.<br>Thesis (PhD)--University Pretoria, 2019.<br>Anthropology and Archaeology<br>PhD<br>Unrestricted
5
Tjirongo, Meshack Tunee. "Exchange rate policy options for Namibia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fdb75211-db30-4393-a6f7-61d46ff4b9b7.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis assesses the costs and benefits of Namibia's membership of the CMA to determine whether the CMA is an optimal currency area at least from the perspective of Namibia. This issue is examined from two main perspectives: (a) whether real exchange rate (RER) adjustment is frustrated by the inability to use the nominal exchange rate as an instrument of adjustment. Evidence of persistent RER misalignment may be seen as a necessary condition for an independent nominal exchange rate regime, however, it is not sufficient.(b) In this case, we examine whether nominal devaluations will have sustained effects on RER adjustment, given Namibia's structural features, such as the high degree of openness and a small nontradable sector. An equilibrium RER for Namibia is estimated using a single equation model of RER determination. The model is used to compute RER misalignments to determine whether there are sustained long periods of misalignments. To test whether nominal exchange rates can be effective in changing relative prices, a simple model was developed to measure pass-through of foreign price and exchange rate changes to domestic prices and wages. This provides useful information regarding whether nominal devaluations can be sustained. The results show that RER misalignments have been small, while the extent and speed of pass-through is complete and instantaneous for most items, suggesting that nominal devaluations in Namibia are not likely to have real effects. Even if it was the case that monetary autonomy cannot be supported on grounds of affecting relative prices, it may nevertheless be important for Namibia to pursue an independent exchange rate strategy. To examine this possibility, the analysis was extended by looking at costs and benefits of OCAs which do not rely on the ability to change relative prices. Benefits arising from savings on transactions costs and on foreign exchange reserves amounted to 3.8% and 2.4% of GDP, respectively. Further, we demonstrated that past "shocks" between Namibia and South Africa were highly correlated. The findings of the thesis suggest that the CMA is an optimal exchange regime for Namibia.
6
Sheefeni, Johannes Peyavali Sheefeni. "Monetary policy in Namibia, 1993-2011." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3935.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis investigated the role of monetary policy in Namibia for the period 1993 to 2011. It aims at achieving six objectives. First, it reviews the evolution of monetary policy in Namibia for the period 1980 to 2011. Second, it investigates the interest rate channel of the monetary policy transmission mechanism in Namibia. Third, it analyses the credit channel of the monetary policy transmission mechanism in Namibia. Fourth, it evaluates the exchange rate channel of the monetary policy transmission mechanism in Namibia. Fifth, it studies the money effect model in the context of the monetary policy transmission mechanism in Namibia. Sixth, it examines the exchange rate pass–through (ERPT) to domestic prices in Namibia. In order to achieve the objectives of the relative importance of the different channels of monetary policy transmission, a structural vector autoregressive model of the Namibian economy is constructed. Specifically the responses of the output and prices to monetary policy shocks for Namibia over the quarterly period 1993:Q1 to 2011:Q4 are investigated using impulse response functions and forecast variance error decompositions obtained from a structural vector autoregressive model (SVAR). The thesis also examined the exchange rate pass-through from exchange rate to domestic prices using both SVAR and the single equation error correction model (ECM). Estimation results on the different channels of monetary policy transmission mechanism showed that the interest rate channel and the credit channel are effective in transmitting monetary policy actions. The exchange rate channel is also operative but not effective. The money effect model confirms that inflation in Namibia is not a monetary phenomenon. The results of the pass-through relationship showed that there is an incomplete but high exchange rate pass-through from exchange rate to domestic prices.
7
Muller, Anna Magdalena. "Shared knowledge and the formal housing process in Namibia." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3151.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigates issues related to housing in the period immediately preceding Namibia's independence in 1990. A formal housing process was inherited from the colonial era and during the decade before independence, this process became the one that was applied to provide housing for low-income people. Indigenous Namibians were excluded from decision making and participating in their own housing process in the municipal areas. Policies of apartheid maintained cultural distances and contributed to a condition of lack of shared knowledge concerning the formal housing process. To solve the housing problem, an increased role by low-income people in the housing process is emphasised by international agencies, as well as the new Namibian government through its National Housing Policy and the housing strategy. In the context of policy and strategy proposals based on this emphasis, lack of shared knowledge is identified as the research problem for this thesis. This follows from the argument that shared knowledge is important to enable people to take actions in solving their own housing problems. This lack of shared knowledge is investigated through aspects of the formal housing process dealing with the commercialisation of housing and the creation of the domestic environment. The research is done by using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, which include fieldwork in various urban areas in Namibia. It was determined that a limited awareness concerning certain financial and contractual aspects exists among house buyers. On the other hand, the domestic environment designs are based on principles of 'closed domesticated environments' for nuclear family and 'suburbs' for domestic purposes only, which do not reflect the way of life of the people occupying the houses. This is illustrated by an in-depth comparison of the socio-spatial characteristics of domestic environments designed on these principles, with those inhabited and created by the inhabitants themselves. To conclude, proposals are made in context of housing developments after independence. It is proposed that increased participation by low-income people can only overcome this lack of shared knowledge, if the housing process is made more accessible to people. An accessible process also has to be developed in partnership with people in need of shelter.
8
Zhang, Jian Kenny, and 張劍. "Human, house, housing policy." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31986948.
Full text
9
Willis, Robert. "Housing policy since 1970." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393240.
Full text
10
Zhang, Jian Kenny. "Human, house, housing policy." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25945944.
Full text
11
Gao, Lu S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Housing policy in China." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69463.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2011.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 60-64).<br>In the last three decades, the People's Republic of China (PRC) has managed to replace its welfare-based urban housing system with a market-based housing provision scheme. With such significant housing policy changes, the PRC has successfully expanded urban home ownership and impressively increased per capita housing consumption. The housing market has become one of the major pillar industries in the country's economic boom. However, affordable housing development has been greatly lagging behind the ever-increasing housing needs of a large lower-income population in the country, while housing price bubbles cast a shadow on sustainable economic development in the PRC. The main reasons for such challenges include the inefficiency of financial tools to regulate the housing market; and the discrete interests among the central government, local governments, and real estate developers. Within the context of the ongoing global economic recession after the financial crisis in 2008, it is even more critical to balance the PRC's housing development, both to address the people's housing needs, and to maintain sustainable growth.<br>by Lu Gao.<br>S.M.
12
Cheung, Tat-ming Stephen. "The comparison between the 'Market Housing Model' and the 'Social Housing Model' : the provision of housing in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20129051.
Full text
13
Wolf, Clara. "Housing and monetary policy : three essays on empirical housing economics and international monetary policy." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0067.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse étudie des sujets hétérogènes puisqu'elle s’intéresse à la fois à l'économie du logement et à la politique monétaire internationale à l’aide de divers outils, tels que la modélisation théorique, l’évaluation microéconomique d’une politique publique, et une approche macroéconomique empirique. Elle est constituée de trois chapitres. Le premier, co-écrit avec Eric Monnet, s'intéresse à la relation entre les changements démographiques au sein des pays et l’investissement résidentiel. Le second, co-écrit avec Guillaume Chapelle et Benjamin Vignolles, évalue l'impact d'un dispositif d’incitation fiscale à l’investissement locatif sur plusieurs dimensions du marché du logement français. Enfin, le troisième étudie comment la politique monétaire devrait réagir aux afflux de capitaux en cas de frictions sur le marché financier<br>This thesis investigates heterogeneous topics since it is related to both housing economics and monetary economics, and uses various tools including theoretical modeling, microeconomic policy evaluation and macroeconomic empirical approach. It is constituted of three chapters. The first one, co-authored with Eric Monnet, is interested in the relationship between demographic changes within countries and housing investment. The second one, co-authored with Guillaume Chapelle and Benjamin Vignolles, assesses the impact of a housing tax credit on several dimensions of the housing market. Finally, the third one studies how monetary policy should react to capital inflows when there are frictions on the financial market
14
Ndubueze, Okechukwu Joseph. "Urban housing affordability and housing policy dilemmas in Nigeria." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2009. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/298/.
Full textAbstract:
Given the increasing importance of affordability in housing policy reform debates, this study develops a new composite approach to measuring housing affordability and employs it to examine the nature of urban housing affordability in Nigeria. The data used in this study are based on the Nigerian Living Standards Survey 2003-2004. The aggregate housing affordability model developed here measures housing affordability problems more accurately and classifies the housing affordability status of households more appropriately than the conventional affordability models. Findings show very high levels of housing affordability problems in Nigeria with about 3 out of every 5 urban households experiencing such difficulties. There are also significant housing affordability differences between socio-economic groups, housing tenure groups and states in Nigeria. The current national housing policy that de-emphasises government involvement in housing provision does not allow the country’s full potential for tackling its serious affordability problems to be realised and, hence, the laudable ‘housing for all’ goal of the policy has remained elusive. Nigerian socio-economic realities demand far more vigorous government involvement in housing development, working with a more committed private sector, energised civil societies and empowered communities to tackle the enormous housing problems of the country
15
Kwan, King-shing. "A study of public housing subsidy policy in Hong Kong : evaluation of market rent policy /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21027766.
Full text
16
Ericsson, Therese. "Inclusionary Housing. Analysis of a housing policy in California, USA." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190875.
Full textAbstract:
Sweden is not providing its citizens with sufficient housing anymore. Therefore it is important to consider what can be done to solve the situation. Sweden has the opportunity to learn from and be inspired by how other countries are trying to solve their housing issues. The USA, for example, has long experience within the area of housing policy especially policies that try to help those with incomes lower than the median income. The purpose of this thesis is to examine one of the policies that have developed in the USA, which is called inclusionary housing. The policy is used to increase the supply of affordable housing by including affordable units within market priced projects. Inclusionary housing is different from more traditional housing policies such as public housing or social housing. Inclusionary housing is a market-oriented policy compared to more traditional ways to produce low-income housing. Inclusionary housing is funded through increased land prices or production of market priced housing compared to traditional programs, which usually are funded through taxes and subsidies. The purpose of inclusionary housing is to integrate low-income housing with market priced housing, which will create socially mixed neighborhoods. The policy is also different because it is implemented at a local level and not at the state level. The thesis has found that inclusionary housing is a flexible policy that can be formed in many different ways. Inclusionary housing does also produce housing to no- or low cost to local governments. The results, however, show that the policy does not produce large quantities of affordable housing. Even though the policy does not produce a lot of affordable housing it is still an important tool since it works towards integration. Inclusionary housing does however have the capacity to be formed into a more productive policy than it has been in California until now. It is possible to design the policy to integrate and produce many affordable housing units in areas with high land prices and large construction of housing. On the whole inclusionary housing is a great policy, however, it probably has to cooperate with other housing policies to solve a bigger issue with housing provision and housing affordability.<br>Sverige kan inte längre tillgodose sina medborgare med ”en god bostad för alla”. Det är därför viktigt att reflektera över vad som kan göras för att åtgärda detta. Sverige har stora möjligheter att lära sig från och inspireras av andra länders sätt att handskas med liknande problem. USA, till exempel, har sedan en lång tid tillbaka arbetat med många olika bostadspolitiska medel som framförallt inriktar sig på att hjälpa de med lägre inkomster än medianen. Uppsatsen ämnar till att studera ett av dessa verktyg som heter inclusionary housing. Verktyget används för att öka utbudet av prisvärda bostäder genom att integrera de prisvärda enheterna i projekt med marknadshyra eller till marknadspris. Inclusionary housing skiljer sig från mer traditionella bostadspolitiska verktyg så som ”public housing” eller ”social housing”. Inclusionary housing är ett marknadsinriktat medel jämfört med mer traditionella sätt att ordna bostäder för låginkomsttagare. Inclusionary housing finansieras genom att ta tillvara på ökning av markpriser eller produktion av bostäder till marknadspris jämfört med traditionella program som finansieras genom skatter eller subventioner. Syftet med inclusionary housing är att integrera bostäder för låginkomsttagare med bostäder till marknadspris eller marknadshyra vilket ska resultera i ett socialt blandat bostadsbyggande. Inclusionary housing skiljer sig också för att det är implementerat på lokal nivå och inte på statlig nivå. Uppsatsen har funnit att inclusionary housing är ett flexibelt verktyg som går att utforma på många olika sätt. Inclusionary housing producerar även prisvärda enheter till en låg eller ingen kostnad för lokala myndigheter. Resultatet visar dock att verktyget inte producerar mängder med prisvärda bostäder. Även om medlet inte producerar ett stort antal enheter är det fortfarande ett viktigt verktyg då det arbetar med integration. Det finns också stora möjligheter till att utforma verktyget till att bli mer effektivt än vad det har varit i Kalifornien hittills. Det finns framförallt potential att utforma ett verktyg som både integrerar och producerar många prisvärda bostäder i områden med höga markpriser och stort bostadsbyggande. Sammantaget är inclusionary housing ett bra verktyg som dock sannolikt behöver samverka med andra medel för att kunna lösa ett större problem med bostadsförsörjning.
17
Nghifindaka, Twapandula. "Understanding the Challenges in Financing Affordable Housing: Multiple Stakeholder Perspectives from Namibia." Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32960.
Full textAbstract:
A stark worldwide reality is that there is a shortage of affordable housing, which is a fundamental economic indicator and key to addressing social policy objectives including poverty reduction. Post-independence, housing in Namibia has been classified a national priority, and as such, the government has passed legislation in favour of committing to housing delivery. The housing demand continues to outstrip the supply, and this is further intensified by urbanisation, high unemployment in the country, high house prices, and a shortage of serviced land. Resultantly, the Namibian government is continually targeting to increase land supply and to incentivise the private sector. This research was centred on the challenges faced by multiple stakeholders that are challenged with financing affordable housing. The stakeholders included a private equity fund manager tasked with a mandate of providing affordable residential property, property developers, and beneficiaries of affordable housing (homeowners). The efforts in support of affordable housing finance are not solely limited to end-user housing finance (e.g. mortgage financing), but additionally include the implementation of the housing value chain, including the land acquisition process, title deed registrations and transfers, and the construction process. The mortgage market is focused on the middle and higher-income market segments. Some financial institutions offer products that do not require down payments. Despite this, many Namibians cannot access loan financing due to affordability, bureaucratic processes, high indebtedness and lack of education about the mortgage process. Therefore, this study undertook to understand the challenges in financing affordable housing covering three main stakeholders: a fund manager, developers and homeowners. This study employed a qualitative approach to analyse data from the fund manager and developers while the sequential explanatory mixed-method approach was used to analyse the data from homeowners. From the analysis, we identified the challenges pertaining to the fund manager to be the length of land titling and registration process, acquisition of unserviced land from local authorities, the reliance of funding from single investor participants, and end-user financing bureaucracy (mortgage financers). The challenges faced by the developers were found to be linked to land acquisition, funding acquisition, building plan approvals, as well as other issues such as the high cost of building materials. The homeowner challenges were identified from the quantitative analysis as the lengthy bank application process, associated costs, and lengthy approval processes. From the qualitative analysis, the challenges identified pertained to the lengthy application processes at the financial institutions, the associated costs and lengthy bureaucratic approval processes. Based on the findings, the research proposed the need for increased engagement and negotiations to lift the stringent conditions placed by local authorities in order to provide serviced land for the purposes of affordable housing; the availing of additional capital to fund managers; the revision of the systems used in order to shorten the time it takes to register and transfer properties; in addition to the lengthy, bureaucratic, and stringent bank requirements and processes.
18
Fleermuys, Floris Fernanzo. "TAYLOR RULE IN THE NAMIBIAN MONETARY POLICY SETTING." OpenSIUC, 2010. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/225.
Full textAbstract:
The introduction of inflation-targeting frameworks around the world prompts the question whether Central Banks focus solely on inflation. The paper uses the Taylor rule to characterize the Namibian Monetary Policy and to see whether the Bank of Namibia considers the economy in setting the Bank rate. Based on this rule, the Bank rate follows the Taylor rule over the sample period but there are several deviations. My results point to the following: Firstly, the Bank increases the policy rate to counter rising inflation but keeps the rate constant when inflation declines. Secondly, the Bank tends to smooth their rate adjustments. Using the lags of right hand side variables, hints at the fact that past inflation is important for the Bank to adjust the policy rate. Thirdly, the Bank of Namibia seems to focus more on inflation compared to the output gap. This is confirmed by the weight allocation which seems to be larger for inflation. Finally, the inclusion of additional variables that are deemed important in setting the Bank rate, improves the overall fit. Therefore, the model could be utilized to indicate where the policy rate should be.
19
Valenca, Marcio Moraes. "Brazilian housing policy (1980-1992) : political vs. policy objectives." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360591.
Full text
20
Parker, Geneen K. "Best affordable housing policies a look at California, New Jersey and Massachuetts /." Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University, 2009. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/709.
Full text
21
Cheung, Tat-ming Stephen, and 張達明. "The comparison between the 'Market Housing Model' and the 'Social Housing Model': the provision of housing inHong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31968211.
Full text
22
Nijenhuis, Rene. "Towards successful policy implementation : a case study of the national resettlement policy of Namibia." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9595.
Full textAbstract:
Bibliography: leaves 81-86.<br>The aim of this dissertation is to identify policy-scientific causes underlying the constraints to successful Implementation, and give recommendations In order to improve the attainment of initial goals specified, in 'the resettlement policy. To identify these policy-scientific causes, criteria were extracted from the theoretical policy making as well as from international experience with regard to policy implementation. Subsequently, the policy process of resettlement was assessed according to these criteria. This report presents the findings of the policy assessment of the National Resettlement Policy of Namibia.
23
So, Oi-tsz Teresa. "Public rental housing policy : the issues of equity /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1815475X.
Full text
24
Amadhila, Nelago Ndapandula Ndanyanyukwa. "Perspectives on China's rise in Namibia: the effects on foreign policy and domestic politics." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002968.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis analyses the different levels at which China’s presence in Namibia affects Namibia’s domestic politics and foreign policy from a constructivist viewpoint. Constructivist theory is used to examine the different perceptions of the Chinese in Namibia and how these inform Namibian politics and Sino-Namibian relations. These perceptions are formed at different levels of society in formal and informal relations, state-to-state, state-to-business,business-to-business and individual-to-group relations. The way in which perceptions of Chinese involvement in Namibia at the grassroots level of society differ from those at the top increasingly has an effect on domestic Namibian politics and, as such, Sino-Namibian relations. This identifies official and non-official perceptions of China’s political, economic and social presence to determine the effects of grassroots on China vis-à-vis official perceptions in Namibian politics and the effects of grassroots views on Namibian politics and on official views and state behaviour towards China and China’s presence in the country.
25
Nam, Min-Ho. "Essays on housing and monetary policy." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3681.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis, motivated by my reflections about the failings of monetary policy implementation as a cause of the sub-prime crisis, attempts to answer the following inquiries: (i) whether interest rates have played a major role in generating the house price fluctuations in the U.S., (ii) what are the effects of accommodative monetary policy on the economy given banks' excessive risk-taking, and (iii) whether an optimal monetary policy rule can be found for curbing credit-driven economic volatilities in the model economy with unconventional transmission channels operating. By using a decomposition technique and regression analysis, it can be shown that short-term interest rates exert the most potent influence on the evolution of the volatile components of housing prices. One possible explanation for this is that low policy rates for a prolonged period tend to encourage bankers to take on more risk in lending. This transmission channel, labelled as the risk-taking channel, accounts for the gap to some extent between the forecast and the actual impact of monetary policy on the housing market and the overall economy. A looser monetary policy stance can also shift the preference of economic agents toward housing as theoretically and empirically corroborated in the context of choice between durable and nondurable goods. This transmission route is termed the preference channel. If these two channels are operative in the economy, policy makers need to react aggressively to rapid credit growth in order to stabilize the paths of housing prices and output. These findings provide meaningful implications for monetary policy implementation. First of all, central bankers should strive to identify in a timely fashion newly emerging and state-dependent transmission channels of monetary policy, and accurately assess the impact of policy decisions transmitted through these channels. Secondly, the intervention of central banks in the credit or housing market by adjusting policy rates can be optimal, relative to inaction, in circumstances where banks' risk-taking and the preference for housing are overly exuberant.
26
Prinsloo, B. D. "The South African inclusionary housing policy." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5034.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study focuses on the inclusionary housing policy (IHP), a concept introduced to incorporate the private sector in actively contributing to the delivery of affordable housing as a by-product of higher income housing delivery, in an effort to promote socio-economic integration and to eradicate informal housing by 2014. The IHP stipulates that between 0% to 30% of new residential developments, measured in units, need to be inclusionary in nature. This means that a unit may be sold from R50,000 to R350,000 or rented for R600 to R3,000 per month to beneficiaries earning
between R1,500 and R7,500 gross income per month. The policy will be implemented in a phased manner with two complimentary strategies, namely the town planning compliant approach and the Voluntary pro-active deal driven
approach. To off set financial burdens, the government has made available six
incentives and the concepts of off site compliance and inclusionary stock credits. The national government has set the requirements and parameters of the inclusionary elements and based on this a number of the possible effects that this IHP might have on residential developments, when looking at the interactions of supply, demand and price,were discussed as well as the views of industry experts. Inclusionary housing will result in social benefits but unwanted social costs as well. Benefits and costs were discussed and even though this policy is not Pareto efficient, based on the Kaldor-Hicks criterion, it is efficient in that the members of society that are made worse off can be compensated by the beneficiaries due to the fact that surrounding property prices that may rise and developers get incentives they would
otherwise not have had access to. This study also looked internationally at the key success factors that were identified in case studies focussing on the United States of America, United Kingdom, Malaysia and China. From this international study, recommendations were made for South Africa's IHP.
Because of various cultures and economies, success factors can not purely be copied but the recommendations should add to sustainable inclusionary developments. Ad hoc recommendations, also inferred from international lessons learnt, were discussed briefly and based on the above findings and recommendations, the accusations made by industry experts were readdressed. Although some areas still remain grey, many were found to be questionable.
No concrete inferences can be made from this study pertaining to the supply, demand or price of residential developments but the following predictions can be made. The IHP is not necessarily going to drive property prices down and the requirements may be accepted by higher income households and therefore socio-economic integration may be successful in South Africa. This is only if the policy remains in its current form and not become law. This is in order to adapt to changing external variables and to incorporate success factors as they become known; if the IHP gets implemented transparently; if suggestions are incorporated from all stakeholders i.e. beneficiaries, developers, governmental spheres and third parties such as financial
institutions and if this policy is phased into the market timeously.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die studie fokus op die insluitende behuising beleid (IBB), 'n konsep wat bekend gestel is om die privaat sektor aktief betrokke te maak by die voorsiening van lae koste behuising as 'n by-produk van die voorsiening van hoër inkomste behuising in 'n poging om sosio-ekonomiese integrasie te bevorder en informele behuising teen 2014 te verwyder.
Die IBB bepaal dat tussen 0% en 30% van nuwe residensiële ontwikkelings, gemeet in eenhede, insluitend van aard moet wees wat beteken dat eenhede vir tussen R50,OOO tot R300,000 verkoop en verhuur vir tussen R600 en R3,000 per maand aan begunstigdes wat tussen R1,000 tot R7,000 bruto inkomste per maand verdien. Die beleid sal trapsgewys toegepas word met twee komplimentêre strategieë naamlik 'n vrywillige pro-aktiewe gedrewe benadering en 'n dorpsbeplanning voldoeningsbenadering. Om finansiële belassings te voorkom het die regering ses aansporingsbonusse beskikbaar gestel en die konsepte van lewering op ander land en insluitende handels krediete. Die nasionale regering het die vereistes en limiete van die insluitende elemente bepaal
en gegrond op dit is 'n aantal van die moontlike uitkomste, wat die IBB op residensiële ontikkelings mag hê, gegrond op die interaksie tussen aanbod, vraag en prys, bespreek asook die sieninge van sektor deskundiges.
Insluitende behuising sal sosiale voordele en ongewenste sosiale nadele tot gevolg het. Voordele en nadele was bespreek en alhoewel die beleid nie Pareto optimaal is nie is dit effektief gegrond op die Kaldor-Hicks kriterium deurdat die lede van die samelewing wat slegter af gemaak word, gekompenseer kan word deur die begunstigdes deur eiendomspryse wat kan styg en ontwikkelaars wat aansporingbonusse ontvang wat hulle andersins nie toegang tot sou gehad het nie. Die studie het ook internasionaal gekyk na sukses faktore wat geidentifiseer was deur te kyk na gevalle studies wat gedoen is in Verenigde State van Amerika, Verenigde Koningkryk, Maleisië en China. Aanbevelings vir Suid-Afrika se ISS, algelei van die internasionale gevalle studies, is
gemaak. As gevolg van verskillende kulture en ekonomiese faktore kan sukses faktore nie bloot gedupliseer word nie maar die aanbevelings behoort by te dra tot volhoubare insluitende ontwikkelings.
27
Suen, Wai-lap Kevin. "A study on the housing aspirations and housing policies in Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2003. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42577433.
Full text
28
Mazhani, Edward. "Housing, a critical analysis of the public housing policy in Botswana." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ31618.pdf.
Full text
29
Yu, Wai-kin Nicol. "Public and private parties' participation in housing development in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22285003.
Full text
30
Katoma, Loini-Nyanyukweni. "The implementation of environmental education policy in Namibia: perceptions of a range of decision-makers." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003445.
Full textAbstract:
This study is the first cycle of an action research project that focuses on the implementation of the Environmental Education Policy in Namibia. Perceptions of Namibian decision-makers were sought with regard to their understanding of the concepts ‘environment’ and ‘environmental education’, as well as to identify environmental problems and obstacles to the implementation of the Environmental Education Policy. The approach of coming up with options to address the identified problems/obstacles/constraints, was employed in this study. To this effect, interviews, a workshop, observations and reflections on the process of implementation resulted in a wealth of data. The findings shed light on possible solutions to address the identified problems and obstacles. The results revealed that community participation, skills development and the proper co-ordination of environmental education activities are imperative in addressing the obvious policy-practice gap. Decision-makers uncovered the fact that the socio-economic situation of our people necessitated pulling our resources together and working as a team. The overall perceptions are that the environment is everyone’s business and that we should zealously use it and carefully guard it, not only for ourselves but also, for the benefit of coming generations.
31
Leung, Ching-wah Sandra. "An evalutation of the housing subsidy policy in Hong Kong." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13552971.
Full text
32
Cheng, Shing-kwong Eric. "An evaluative analysis of the long term housing strategy in Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1989. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31975707.
Full text
33
Shen, Qing. "Low-income public housing in Hong Kong and Singapore 1950-1980 : a comparative analysis." Thesis, access full-text online access from Digital dissertation consortium, 1986. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?ML36840.
Full text
34
Lau, Kwok-yu. "A study of public housing rent policy in Hong Kong." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1990. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12817004.
Full text
35
Urushibara, Hiroshi. "Housing policy and design : the role of housing policy and its effects on design in Japan and Britain." Thesis, University of York, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301114.
Full text
36
Kwan, King-shing, and 關景成. "A study of public housing subsidy policy in Hong Kong: evaluation of market rent policy." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31968429.
Full text
37
Yang, Xi, and 楊曦. "Chongqing's housing policy: meeting the housing needs of the low-income families?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42929702.
Full text
38
Cheuk, Wing-chiu, and 卓詠昭. "Housing subsidy policy and equality in housing: the case of Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43894586.
Full text
39
Mukhtar, Naji A. "Housing policy in Libya : study of public housing projects in Tripoli City." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368017.
Full text
40
Begg, Thomas N. A. "The Scottish Special Housing Association and housing policy in Scotland 1937-1959." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268531.
Full text
41
Cheuk, Wing-chiu. "Housing subsidy policy and equality in housing : the case of Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23425817.
Full text
42
Yang, Xi. "Chongqing's housing policy meeting the housing needs of the low-income families? /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42929702.
Full text
43
Chen, Lijian. "Urban housing policy and housing commercialization in socialist countries : China and Hungary." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28343.
Full textAbstract:
Housing was considered a public good rather than a marketable commodity at the early stage in the development of most socialist countries. Governments in those countries assumed full responsibility for urban housing finance, construction, allocation, management, maintenance and rehabilitation. A policy of low official rents and high subsidies was adopted as the method to ensure that all urban residents would have access to the state built housing stock. Success in solving the housing problem was to be a showpiece for the socialist countries. However, after approximately forty years of development of the socialist housing economy, many urban residents in countries such as China and Hungary still face severe housing problems. The governments in these two countries have initiated a variety of new efforts in recent years in an attempt to improve the living conditions of their urban residents. In spite of this, many urban housing problems persist and some are even becoming worse. In view of this situation, both governments have introduced new housing policies which recognize certain aspects of housing as a commodity within the socialist economy. A major aim of these new policies is to encourage individual financial participation in residential construction. This approach, commonly referred to as the policy of housing commercialization, is considered by government to be a feasible approach to resolving the tenacious urban housing problem and an effective means to significantly improve living conditions for all urban residents. By undertaking a comparative study of China's and Hungary's urban housing policies, housing delivery systems and housing problems, this research endeavours to describe and assess the rationale and other associated factors behind this housing policy transformation in both China and Hungary. In addition, this research examines the lessons of Hungary's housing policy reform and concludes with a set of policy recommendations for China's future urban housing efforts.<br>Applied Science, Faculty of<br>Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of<br>Graduate
44
Ouma, Stephen Okumu Adeya. "Housing policy in Uganda : a study of policy development since 1962." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338942.
Full text
45
Yeung, Shu-kei Suki, and 楊抒琪. "A critical review on housing subsidy policy." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45008310.
Full text
46
Gao, Mingzheng 1965. "Population policy and urban housing in China." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/66389.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1999.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaf 52).<br>This thesis will focus on how urban housing design reflects the new one-child family population policy in the traditional urban context in Beijing, China. The population policy has changed the size and structure of traditional family, and further affected children's growing up environment. Children, used to grow up in a joint family of three generations in a traditional courtyard house, now have isolated by apartment box. The traditional social and spatial relationships among children, families, and neighbors have been extremely weakened. My intention is to restore the lost relationships for lonely children in a high density residential complex. This complex, transformed from the traditional single story courtyard house, becomes one big house, where all neighbors live under one roof as one big family. As a consequence, children in a one child family still have the same feeling of multi generations living together as their old generations had before.<br>by Mingzheng Gao.<br>M.Arch.
47
Shan, Hui Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Tax policy, housing markets, and elderly homeowners." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43728.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Economics, 2008.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Includes bibliographical references.<br>This dissertation consists of three essays studying the impact of tax policy on housing markets and elderly homeowners. Chapter One examines the potential lock-in effect of capital gains taxation on home sales, using the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997 (TRA97) as a policy instrument. Before 1997, homeowners were subject to capital gains taxation when they sold their houses unless they purchased replacement homes of equal or greater value. Since 1997, homeowners can exclude $500,000 of capital gains when they sell their houses. Using zip-code level housing price indices and sales data from 1982 to 2006 on single-family houses in 16 affluent towns within the Boston metropolitan area, I find that TRA97 reversed the lock-in effect for houses with low and moderate capital gains. However, the semiannual home sale rate of houses with capital gains above $500,000 declined after TRA97, suggesting that TRA97 generated an unintended lock-in effect for houses with capital gains over the maximum exclusion amount. Chapter Two studies the relationship between property taxes and elderly mobility. This is the first study using an instrumental variable approach to address the endogeneity problem associated with property taxes in analyzing elderly mobility. Using household-level panel data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and a newly-collected dataset on state-provided property tax relief programs, I find evidence suggesting that higher property taxes raise mobility rates among elderly homeowners. Eligibility for relief programs lowers mobility rates, and the impact of these programs appears to vary with program types, program generosity, and implementation strategy.<br>(cont.) Chapter Three investigates the effect of property taxes on elderly homeowners labor supply decisions, using similar data and empirical strategy employed in Chapter Two. I examine both the extensive margin - whether elderly homeowners' delay retirement or reenter the labor force in the face of rising property taxes, and the intensive margin - whether elderly homeowners work longer hours when property taxes increase. I find little evidence that property taxes have a significant impact on elderly labor supply.<br>Hui Shan.<br>Ph.D.
48
Rubio, Margarita. "Housing markets, business cycles and monetary policy." Thesis, Boston College, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/354.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis advisor: Fabio Ghironi<br>Thesis advisor: Matteo Iacoviello<br>This dissertation studies the implications of housing market heterogeneity for the trans- mission of shocks, welfare and the conduct of monetary policy. In the first chapter I focus on mortgage contract heterogeneity (fixed vs. variable-rate mortgages). I develop and solve a New Keynesian dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model that features a housing market and a group of constrained individuals who need housing collateral to obtain loans. A given proportion of constrained households borrows at a variable rate, while the rest borrows at a fixed rate. The model predicts that in an economy with mostly variable-rate mortgages, an exogenous interest rate shock has larger effects on borrowers than in a fixed-rate economy. For plausible parametrizations, aggregate differences are muted by wealth effects on labor supply and by the presence of savers. More persistent shocks cause larger aggregate differences. From a normative perspective I find that, in the presence of collateral constraints, the optimal Taylor rule is less aggressive against inflation than in the standard sticky-price model. Furthermore, for given monetary policy, a high proportion of fixed-rate mortgages is welfare enhancing. Then, I develop a two-country version of the model to study the implications of housing market heterogeneity for a monetary union as well as costs and benefits of being in a monetary union when there are asymmetric shocks. Results show that consumption reacts more strongly to common shocks in countries with high loan-to-value ratios (LTVs), a high proportion of borrowers or variable-rate mortgages. I also find that country-specific housing price shocks increase consumption not only in the country where the shock takes place. Welfare analysis shows that housing-market homogeneization is not beneficial per se, only when it is towards low LTVs or predominantly fixed-rate mortgages. As for costs and benefits of monetary unions, when there is a technology shock in one of the countries and they are symmetric, the monetary union regime is welfare worsening. However, results are dependent on whether or not countries are symmetric and on the source of the asymmetry<br>Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2008<br>Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences<br>Discipline: Economics
49
Sun, Xiaojin. "Essays on Housing Markets and Monetary Policy." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73489.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation consists of three essays on housing markets and monetary policy. The first essay focuses on the impact of monetary policy on U.S. local housing markets and finds that monetary policy has uneven impacts on local housing markets, and that the magnitude of the impacts are correlated with housing supply regulations. The second essay studies the optimal interest rate rule in a DSGE model with housing market spillovers and finds that the optimal interest rate rule responds to house price inflation even when the stabilization of house price is not among the objectives of the policymaker.
The third essay is the core of this dissertation. I construct a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model in this paper to study the fluctuations in the U.S. housing markets. The model features a market for newly built houses, a secondary market for old houses, and an endogenous term structure of nominal interest rates. Negative technological progress in the housing sector explains the upward trend in house prices over the past four decades. Housing preference and technology innovations explain about 80% of the volatility of housing investment, real price of new houses, and the old-to-new house price ratio. Monetary factors explain about 15% of the volatility of housing investment, but do not significantly contribute to the price fluctuations of either new or old houses. The preference innovation to old houses is the leading determinant of the run-up in the price of old houses relative to the price of new houses during the 10-year period before the Great Recession. The term structure is endogenous in this paper, and the intertemporal preference innovation makes a non-negligible contribution to the variations in nominal interest rates. Housing market conditions do not contribute much to the fluctuations of interest rates, but significantly affect the shape of the yield curve.<br>Ph. D.
50
Lee, King-wah. "Housing millions by promoting home ownership : a way of solving housing problems of Hong Kong? /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21041805.
Full text