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Journal articles on the topic 'HPMT'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 16 July 2025

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Britton, D., M. Apollonio, and M. Ryan. "Precision fitting function for HPMT spectra." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 504, no. 1-3 (2003): 298–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9002(03)00782-4.

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Bleoanca, Iulia, Livia Patrașcu, and Daniela Borda. "Quality and Stability Equivalence of High Pressure and/or Thermal Treatments in Peach–Strawberry Puree. A Multicriteria Study." Foods 10, no. 11 (2021): 2580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10112580.

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A bottom-up approach identifying equivalent effects of high-pressure processing (HPP—600 MPa, 20 °C, 10 min), thermal treatment (TT—70 °C, 15 min) and high pressure-mild thermal processing (HPMT—600 MPa, 50 °C, 10 min) on quality and stability of peach–strawberry puree was applied during refrigerated storage. TT and HPP ensured 3-log aerobic bacteria inactivation at first, while HPMT reduction was below the detection limit. After 21 days all samples had equivalent microbiological stability. A 2.6-fold increase in the residual activity of PPO and POD was found in the HPP sample compared to TT and HPMT samples (1st day); after 21 days PPO, POD and TPC were equivalent for TT and HPP peach–strawberry purees. Equivalent volatile profile and rheology behavior was observed after 21 days of all samples’ storage. Meanwhile, the color of the HPP, TT and HMPT samples remained significantly different (p < 0.05) throughout the whole storage period, with the lowest browning index registered for HPP samples.

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Kwaw, Albert Kwame, Zhi Dou, Jinguo Wang, et al. "Influence of Clay on Solute Transport in Saturated Homogeneous Mixed Media." Geofluids 2021 (August 25, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1207971.

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In this study, four homogeneous porous media (HPM1-HPM4), consisting of distinct proportions of sand-sized and clay-sized solid beads, were prepared and used as single fracture infills. Flow and nonreactive solute transport experiments in HPM1-HPM4 under three flow rates were conducted, and the measured breakthrough curves (BTCs) were quantified using conventional advection-dispersion equation (ADE), mobile-immobile model (MIM), and continuous time random walk (CTRW) model with truncated power law transition time distribution. The measured BTCs showed stronger non-Fickian behaviour in HPM2-HPM4 (which had clay) than in HPM1 (which had no clay), implying that clay enhanced the non-Fickian transport. As the fraction of clay increased, the global error of ADE fits also increased, affirming the inefficiency of ADE in capturing the clay-induced non-Fickian behaviour. MIM and CTRW performed better in capturing the non-Fickian behaviour. Nonetheless, CTRW’s performance was robust. 12.5% and 25% of clay in HPM2 and HPM3, respectively, decreased the flowing fluid region and increased the solute exchange rate between the flowing and stagnant fluid regions in MIM. For CTRW, the power law exponent ( β CTRW ) values were 1.96, 1.75, and 1.63 in HPM1-HPM3, respectively, implying enhanced non-Fickian behaviour. However, for HPM4, whose clay fraction was 50%, the β CTRW value was 1.87, implying a deviation in the trend of non-Fickian enhancement with increasing clay fraction. This deviation indicated that non-Fickian behaviour enhancement depended on the fraction of clay present. Moreover, increasing flow rate enhanced the non-Fickian transport based on β CTRW .

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Alfano, Angelo J. "Hybrid Photomultiplier: Its Characterization and Application as a Wide-Dynamic-Range Photon Detector." Applied Spectroscopy 52, no. 2 (1998): 303–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702981943400.

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The hybrid photomultiplier (HPMT) is commercially available in proximity- and electrostatically focused versions, and both contain a photocathode and a PIN-diode substrate. This recent addition to the family of photon detectors offers good timing characteristics, reasonable gain, excellent pulse height distribution, and a wide dynamic range. This report provides details on the wiring and characterization of a typical electrostatically focused production device for gain, impulse response, and pulse height and pulse integral linearity. A gain of 1.8 × 103 was obtained at less than the maximum high-voltage bias. The impulse response rise time was 1.0 ns and the fall time was 0.9 ns. The full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the impulse response was 4.3 ns at 160 V reverse diode bias. The pulse height was linear up to 4.45 × 104 photoelectrons, and the pulse integral was linear up to the maximum tested (2.23 × 105 photoelectrons). The HPMT is not damaged by light levels that are three orders of magnitude beyond the range of linear response for a conventional PMT. Therefore, the HPMT can be directly implemented in spectroscopic applications that previously required elaborate gating schemes to protect a detector from a large optical flash that preceeds a weak subsequent optical event of interest.

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D'Ambrosio, C., T. Gys, H. Leutz, D. Piedgrossi, D. Puertolas, and S. Tailhardat. "Photon counting with a hybrid photomultiplier tube (HPMT)." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 338, no. 2-3 (1994): 389–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(94)91321-8.

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Aldio, Rieza Zulrian, and Zainol Mustafa. "DRILL BIT SELECTION USING DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS (DoE) METHOD." Journal of Renewable Energy & Mechanics (REM) 3, no. 01 (2020): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/rem.2020.vol3.no01.4597.

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Drilling process is one of the most common machning process in industrial sector. More than half of the metal-cutting processes are conducted by the drilling process. Drill bit has influenced the results of the drilling process. Therefore, selection of the suitable drill bit becomes a critical factor in the drilling process. This is because the use of the suitable drill bit could fulfill the determined specification value of the hole. Six Sigma and Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) methods are used to identify factors that have influenced the results of the drilling process. Then by using the Design of Experiment, selection of the best drill bit could be done. In this study, 2 factors that influenced the result are the drill bit type and the drill point angle. Significance test using nested design through MINITAB 14 application has shown that both factors have significant influence over the hole diameter size.. Then by using the plot from the MINITAB 14 application, HPMT 1 became the best drill bit because it could fulfill the specification value. As for the best point angle in this study is 139.72º. Process capability calculation of HPMT 1 has shown that the process is in control. The conclusion is that drill bit HPMT 1 with point angle 139.72º became the best option in this study.

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Aldio, Rieza Zulrian, and Zainol Mustafa. "DRILL BIT SELECTION USING DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS (DoE) METHOD." Journal of Renewable Energy and Mechanics 3, no. 01 (2020): 39–43. https://doi.org/10.25299/rem.2020.4597.

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Tao, Yichen, Chengpeng He, Deng Lin, Zhenglong Gu, and Weilin Pu. "Comprehensive Identification of Mitochondrial Pseudogenes (NUMTs) in the Human Telomere-to-Telomere Reference Genome." Genes 14, no. 11 (2023): 2092. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14112092.

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Practices related to mitochondrial research have long been hindered by the presence of mitochondrial pseudogenes within the nuclear genome (NUMTs). Even though partially assembled human reference genomes like hg38 have included NUMTs compilation, the exhaustive NUMTs within the only complete reference genome (T2T-CHR13) remain unknown. Here, we comprehensively identified the fixed NUMTs within the reference genome using human pan-mitogenome (HPMT) from GeneBank. The inclusion of HPMT serves the purpose of establishing an authentic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutational spectrum for the identification of NUMTs, distinguishing it from the polymorphic variations found in NUMTs. Using HPMT, we identified approximately 10% of additional NUMTs in three human reference genomes under stricter thresholds. And we also observed an approximate 6% increase in NUMTs in T2T-CHR13 compared to hg38, including NUMTs on the short arms of chromosomes 13, 14, and 15 that were not assembled previously. Furthermore, alignments based on 20-mer from mtDNA suggested the presence of more mtDNA-like short segments within the nuclear genome, which should be avoided for short amplicon or cell free mtDNA detection. Finally, through the assay of transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq) on cell lines before and after mtDNA elimination, we concluded that NUMTs have a minimal impact on bulk ATAC-seq, even though 16% of sequencing data originated from mtDNA

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Ruan, Jinlu, Liang Chen, Leidang Zhou, et al. "Effects of 10 keV Electron Irradiation on the Performance Degradation of SiC Schottky Diode Radiation Detectors." Micromachines 15, no. 11 (2024): 1331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi15111331.

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The silicon carbide (SiC) Schottky diode (SBD) detector in a SiC hybrid photomultiplier tube (HPMT) generates signals by receiving photocathode electrons with an energy of 10 keV. So, the performance of the SiC SBD under electron irradiation with an energy of 10 keV has an important significance for the application of the SiC-HPMT. However, studies on 10 keV radiation effects on the SiC SBDs were rarely reported. In this paper, the performance degradation of the SiC SBDs irradiated by 10 keV electrons at different fluences was investigated. After the irradiation, the forward current of the SiC SBDs increased, and the turn-on voltage decreased with the irradiation fluences until 1.6 × 1016 cm−2. According to the capacitance–voltage (C-V) curves, the effective doping concentration increased slightly after the irradiation, and an obvious discrepancy of C-V curves occurred below 5 V. Moreover, as a radiation detector, the peak position of the α-particles’ amplitude spectrum changed slightly, and the energy resolution was also slightly reduced after the irradiation due to the high collection charge efficiency (CCE) still being larger than 99.5%. In addition, the time response of the SiC SBD to the 50 ns pulsed X-ray was almost not affected by the irradiation. The results indicated that the performance degradation of the SiC SBD irradiated at the fluence of 1.5 × 1017 cm−2 would not result in a deterioration of the properties of the SiC-HPMT and showed an important significance for the supplement of the radiation resistance of the SiC SBD radiation detector.

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D'Ambrosio, C., C. Ercoli, S. Jaaskelainen, et al. "A HPMT based set-up to characterize scintillating crystals." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 434, no. 2-3 (1999): 387–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9002(99)00539-2.

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Brandt, E. S. "Selective Enhanced Raman Scattering from an Oxacarbocyanine Dye and 1-Phenyl-5-Mercaptotetrazole Adsorbed to Silver and Silver Halide Surfaces in Photographic Films." Applied Spectroscopy 47, no. 1 (1993): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702934048532.

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Enhanced Raman scattering (ERS) spectroscopy has been used to obtain characteristic vibrational spectra of two photographically-useful molecules adsorbed to the surface of silver-containing photographic coating (film) processing residues. Films containing gelatin dispersions of silver halide microcrystals were coated with a typical oxacarbocyanine spectral sensitizing dye and subsequently treated with a common photographic silver image modifier, 1-phenyl-5-mercaptotetrazole (HPMT). With the selection of a laser excitation frequency within the absorption band of the J-aggregate of the dye (λmax ≈ 550 nm), Raman spectra which are unique to the adsorbed dye were observed. When the laser excitation was shifted bathochromically (647.1 nm), characteristic spectra of the adsorbed silver salt of HPMT (AgPMTads), which does not normally absorb light efficiently at this wavelength, were obtained from the same coatings. This work represents the first time vibrational spectra from both chromophoric and nonchromophoric (in the visible frequency range) Raman-active molecules have been observed within a common photographic chemical environment by the use of molecular resonance enhancement in combination with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS).

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Sudianto, Agus, Zamberi Jamaludin, and A. A. Abdul Rahman. "New model end milling parameters based on screening test on aluminum alloy (AA6041)." KOLECER Scientific Journal of Mechanical Engineering 1, no. 1 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.23969/ksjme112025232001-9.

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The manufacturing industry aims to achieve high productivity and quality products in the production process. Many factors have direct and indirect influences on realizing the two production objectives. Among them are part geometry, process conditions, and the environment. The correct and best process selection must be made on the right machine with the optimum parameters in the machining process application. This paper presents the results of screening studies performed on a milling process involving milling parameters such as the cut speed, feeding speed, depth of cut, cutting width, and flute. The screening results aim to decide the optimal milling parameters for the process. The screening process was performed on a CNC Milling HAAS machine using aluminum alloy (AA6041) with end mill cutter HPMT 303 1000 070 and HPMT S42 1000 072 of AL SE STD Ø10 utilized in dry cutting conditions. The results of this screening process were then analyzed through ANOVA with the help of Minitab 19.0 using the Taguchi method. In this work, three sets of machining parameters obtained from the screening process were then applied in experimental work, whereby the surface finish outcomes become the basis for determining the quality of the process based on the maximum surface roughness value.

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N., K. JHA, D. SINGH P., N. TIWARI H., K. JHA B., and K. MISHRA L. "Complexes of 5-Phenyl-2-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole with some Bivalent Metal Ions." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 65, Apr 1988 (1988): 238–39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6010603.

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Department of Chemistry, Patna University, Patna-800 005 Manuscript received 28 October 1987, accepted 27 January 1988 Complexes of 5-phenyl-2-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (HPMT) with the metals (M) NiII, PdII, PtII, ZnII, CdII, HgII and PbII of the formulae M(PMT)2.nH2O (n=0 or 2) have been prepared and characterised by magnetic, conductance, uv and it spectral data.

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D'Ambrosio, C., T. Gys, E. Heijne, et al. "The ISPA-tube and the HPMT, two examples of a new class of photodetectors: the hybrid photo detectors." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 61, no. 3 (1998): 638–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5632(97)00631-2.

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Alabdulkarim, Mohamad E., and James L. Maxwell. "High-Pressure Laser Reactive Synthesis Within Diamond Anvil Cells of Carbon Allotropes from Methanol." Crystals 15, no. 4 (2025): 292. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15040292.

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This work targets a knowledge gap in the high-pressure decomposition of methanol, complementing prior moderate-pressure diamond anvil studies below 4 GPa and hyperbaric-pressure laser chemical vapour deposition (HP-LCVD) experiments below 0.01 GPa. Localised decomposition of methanol into various carbon allotropes was investigated at pressures of up to 15 GPa. Diamond anvil cell (DAC) pressures were monitored in real-time using ruby fluorescence and a high-resolution spectrometer. Selective saser reactive synthesis within diamond anvil cells (LRS-DAC) was achieved using a 20-micron 1/e2 laser beam focus—one order of magnitude smaller than the diamond anvil chamber dimensions. Confocal Raman spectroscopy and electron microscopy were employed to investigate the deposit’s local microstructure. Various carbon allotropes were synthesised selectively, including single-crystal diamond, nanocrystalline diamond, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), and amorphous carbons. At least two unknown Raman signatures were observed and unlikely to be harmonics or combinations of ordinary Raman peaks, the closest known Raman spectra being that of catechol and polycatechol. Potential side reactions are proposed, where polymerisation and/or ring-formation may occur during high-pressure moderate-temperature (HPMT) conditions.

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S., Jyothi Sri* Dr. K. S. Murali Krishna D. Kusuma Ch. Uma Shankar. "FORMULATION AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF BENAZEPRIL MOUTH DISSOLVING FILMS." INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 05, no. 01 (2018): 552–60. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1162756.

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Oral route is most preferred route by medical practitioners and manufacturer due to highest acceptability of patients. But oral drug delivery systems still need some advancement to be made because of their some drawbacks related to particular class of patients which includes geriatric, pediatric and dysphasic patients associated with many medical conditions as they have difficulty in swallowing or chewing solid dosage forms. The aim of this is to highlight the potential role of fast dissolving drug delivery in achieving effective drug delivery of antihypertensive drug. It gives rapid absorption and instant bioavailability of drugs due to high blood flow. As the fast-dissolving film is taken through the sublingual route, rapid absorption of drug is possible, which finally leads to quick onset of drug action and prevent the first pass-metabolism of the drug. Preformulation studies were done with benazepril(API),polymers were HPMC E5,HPME E3LV,HPME 5CPS,film forming polymer and disintegrate as maltodextrin, plasticizer as PEG, sweetener as aspartame, cooling agent as mannitol,colouring agent as amaranth, salivating agent as citric acid. For above formulations evaluation parameters are (appearance, thickness uniformity, weight uniformity, drug content uniformity, folding endurance, surface pH of film, in vitro disintegration time, in vitro dissolution studies) were placed in pH 1.2(0.1N HCL) and the drug release were conducted. Kinetic data of optimized drug is conducted (zero order kinetics, first order kinetics, Higuchi model, Korsmeyer–Peppas model). Drug was released from the formulation F8 within 9 minutes. Based on the physico-mechanical properties and invitro drug release. Keywords: Anti-hypertensive, benazepril, HPMC E5, HPME E3LV, HPME 5CPS, PEG, pH 1.2, higuchi model, Korsmeyer- peppas model

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Magee, Wendy C., Nadejda Valiaeva, James R. Beadle, Douglas D. Richman, Karl Y. Hostetler, and David H. Evans. "Inhibition of HIV-1 by Octadecyloxyethyl Esters of (S)-[3-Hydroxy-2-(Phosphonomethoxy)Propyl] Nucleosides and Evaluation of Their Mechanism of Action." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 55, no. 11 (2011): 5063–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.05161-11.

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ABSTRACT(S)-1-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine (HPMPC [cidofovir]) and (S)-9-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]adenine (HPMPA) are potent inhibitors of a variety of DNA viruses. These drugs possess a 3′-hydroxyl equivalent which could support chain extension from an incorporated drug molecule. HPMPC and HPMPA were initially reported to lack activity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1); more recent results have shown that the octadecyloxyethyl (ODE) and hexadecyloxypropyl (HDP) esters of HPMPA are potent inhibitors of the virus. We have synthesized the ODE esters of a series of (S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl] (HPMP) nucleosides, including HPMPC, HPMP-guanine (HPMPG), HPMP-thymine (HPMPT), and HPMP-diaminopurine (HPMPDAP), as well as the ODE ester of the obligate chain terminator (S)-9-[3-methoxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)-propyl]adenine (MPMPA). All compounds except ODE-HPMPT were inhibitors of HIV-1 replication at low nanomolar concentrations. These compounds were also inhibitors of the replication of HIV-1 variants that are resistant to various nucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors at concentrations several times lower than would be expected to be achievedin vivo. To investigate the mechanism of the antiviral activity, the active metabolites of HPMPC and HPMPA were studied for their effects on reactions catalyzed by HIV-1 RT. Incorporation of HPMPC and HPMPA into a DNA primer strand resulted in multiple inhibitory effects exerted on the enzyme and showed that neither compound acts as an absolute chain terminator. Further, inhibition of HIV-1 RT also occurred when these drugs were located in the template strand. These results indicate that HPMPC and HPMPA inhibit HIV-1 by a complex mechanism and suggest that this class of drugs has a broader spectrum of activity than previously shown.

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Hussein, Emad I., Khalid Al-Batayneh, Majed M. Masadeh, et al. "Assessment of Pathogenic Potential, Virulent Genes Profile, and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Proteus mirabilis from Urinary Tract Infection." International Journal of Microbiology 2020 (February 7, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1231807.

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Proteus mirabilis is the third most common bacterium that can cause complicated UTI, especially in catheterized patients. Urovirulence genes of P. mirabilis strains are poorly identified among UTI patients. The aims of the present study were to determine the prevalence of the uropathogenic P. mirabilis strains isolated from UTI patients by the detection of several P. mirabilis virulence genes and to characterize the antibiotic susceptibility profile of P. mirabilis isolates. P. mirabilis isolates were collected from urine specimens of patients suffering from UTI. Virulence genes in P. mirabilis, namely, hpmA, hpmB, rsbA, luxS, ureC1, hlyA, rpoA, atfA, atfC, mrpA, and pm1 were detected in the isolates via PCR detection method. All P. mirabilis virulence genes were detected in more than 90% of the isolates except hlyA gene, which was detected in only 23.8% of the isolates. The rate of susceptibility for ceftriaxone was 96.8%, followed by norfloxacin (82.5%), gentamicin (71.4%), ciprofloxacin (69.8%), cephalexin (52.4%), nalidixic acid (42.9%), sulfamethoxazole (39.7%), ampicillin (36.5%), and nitrofurantoin (3.2%). Significant associations (P<0.05) were detected between antimicrobial susceptibility of each of the following antibiotics and the presence virulence genes. Cephalexin antimicrobial susceptibility was significantly associated with the presence each of ureC1 and atfC. Sulfamethoxazole antimicrobial susceptibility was significantly associated with the presence atfA. Ceftriaxone antimicrobial susceptibility was significantly associated with the presence each of hpmA, ureC1, rpoA, atfC, mrpA, and pm1. Nitrofurantoin antimicrobial susceptibility was significantly associated with the presence each of hpmA, ureC1, rpoA, atfA, atfC, mrpA, and pm1. In conclusion, an association between the presence of urovirulence genes of P. mirabilis and increasing P. mirabilis resistance to antimicrobials has been demonstrated.

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Ryan, Michael J., and Curt D. Sigmund. "HPRT Targeting." Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 23, no. 11 (2003): 1960–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.atv.0000096608.44578.d9.

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García, Marta G., Rosa J. Torres, Carmen Prior, and Juan G. Puig. "Normal HPRT coding region in complete and partial HPRT deficiency." Molecular Genetics and Metabolism 94, no. 2 (2008): 167–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymgme.2008.01.006.

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Mahallingan, K., Vedamurthy Joshi, and Nagaraja Sreeharsha. "Utilizing Natural Mucoadhesive Polymers for Development of Nanoparticle Based Cilnidipine Buccal Films." Journal of Advanced Zoology 44, no. 3 (2023): 1227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/jaz.v44i3.1658.

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The less oral bioavailability of Cilnidipine is primarily due to low solubility leads to reduced therapeutic efficacy. The study aimed to develop mucoadhesive buccal films to increase the bioavailability resulting in improved efficacy of this pooly soluble drug trough the buccal mucosa for the treatment of hypertension. Buccal films of Cilnidipine nanoparticles were developed by using different concentration of polymers such as HPMS K4M, HPMC K15M and Carbopol 934 by solvent casting technique. The developed films were characterized for the surface texture, thickness, surface pH, folding endurance, swelling index, content uniformity, mucoadhesive strength, moisture loss, moisture absorption, drug release, ex-vivo drug permeation and stability studies. F9 formulation was optimized as best formulation based on the physico chemical parameters, in vitro dissolution and ex-vivo permeation studies. The result indicates that the drug releases from the buccal films are slow and prolonged over the period of 12 h. There was no significance changes were observed during the stability studies indicates that, the prepared buccal films are stable. Hence, mucoadhesive buccal films can be used as an alternative particularly in the bed time with improved absorption of the dug through buccal mucosa, resulting in better bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy.

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Uphoff, T. S., and R. A. Welch. "Nucleotide sequencing of the Proteus mirabilis calcium-independent hemolysin genes (hpmA and hpmB) reveals sequence similarity with the Serratia marcescens hemolysin genes (shlA and shlB)." Journal of Bacteriology 172, no. 3 (1990): 1206–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.172.3.1206-1216.1990.

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Sharma, Anu, Kamalika Mukherji, and Chetan Shah. "Abstract : stomp in HPFT." BJPsych Open 7, S1 (2021): S220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.587.

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AimsAnalyse the pattern of psychotropic drug use and deprescribing (in the context of STOMP) in people with Intellectual disability and Challenging behaviour in Hertfordshire community team(s) during 2016-17. STOMP stands for Stopping Over Medication in People with Learning Disability, Autism or both.BackgroundPublic Health England in 2015 estimated that on an average day in England, between 30,000 and 35,000 adults with a learning disability, autism or both were taking prescribed psychotropics without appropriate clinical indications . HPFT signed up to the STOMP pledge in 2017 to actively review psychotropic prescribing in line with NICE guidance alongside patients, carers and professional partnerships. This audit provides the outcomes of applying the STOMP Pledge to clinical practice.MethodData collection for the current audit occurred over Q1-5 in 2016–2017. All patients with Intellectual Disabilities on psychotropic medication were reviewed in psychiatric clinics. Awareness was raised about STOMP in teams. A semi-structured tool was developed based on the Self assessment framework published by the ID faculty RCPsych and prospective data were collected after each outpatient visit.Result347 patients were prescribed psychotropic medication and reviewed quarterly between 2016-2017. 96 patients were prescribed antipsychotics for challenging behaviour. Other prescribed medications included mood stabilisers, anticonvulsants, anti-depressants and benzodiazepines. Common antipsychotics used: Risperidone (63), Aripiprazole (14), Quetiapine (9), Olanzapine (4); Chlorpromazine (2). Four patients were maintained on two antipsychotics in varying combinations. The data collection tool noted that alternatives to medication were tried in 32 cases. Deprescribing occurred in 41 casesConclusionThis study represents an attempt to capture the impact of the STOMP principles in a clinical sample. Various alternatives to medications were pursued in the sample such as positive behaviour support, sensory integration, psychological therapies, social support. Younger adults (under 30 years) represented the largest proportion of cases where medication was increased. Adults over 30 years represented the largest proportion of cases where a STOMP reduction occurred. This may reflect the individual factors at play. Younger people with ID and /or Autism are more likely to experience changes in support and structure at transition, whilst older adults may have more physical comorbidities that may influence this decision.zcvv

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Johnson, Paul A., and Theodore Friedmann. "69 THE HPRT PROMOTER." Pediatric Research 24, no. 1 (1988): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1203/00006450-198807000-00093.

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O'Neill, Patrick. "HPRT Mutation Spectrum Reporting." Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 36, no. 4 (2000): 335–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1098-2280(2000)36:4<335::aid-em9>3.0.co;2-5.

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Yao, Risheng, Jiajia Xu, Xihua Lu, and Shengsong Deng. "Phase Transition Behavior of HPMC-AA and Preparation of HPMC-PAA Nanogels." Journal of Nanomaterials 2011 (2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/507542.

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The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) under mixing with acrylic acid (AA) monomer has been studied by turbidity measurements. It has been found that the LCST of the HPMC was drastically reduced from 60°C to 38°C with the increase of the concentration of AA, while the HPMC is kept at 0.5 wt%. The driving force shifting the LCST is attributed to the hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction of the molecules. Then surfactant-free HPMC-PAA nanogels have been synthesized via the polymerization of AA monomer with the collapsed HPMC as a template or core at their LCST, using KPS and TEMED as redox initiator in the presence of BIS as cross-linking agent. HPMC-PAA nanogels have 50~150 nm diameters characterized by transmission electron microscope and dynamic light scattering. The HPMC-PAA nanogels exhibit the temperature phase transition behaviors, and these nanogels' volume phase transition temperature is close to the LCST of HPMC/AA system.

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Dr.A.Yasodha. "FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF ORAL DISSOLVING FILMS OF BUMETANIDE." iajps,csk publications 03, no. 11 (2016): 1424–36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.208205.

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Objective: Formulation and Development of oral dissolving Films of Bumetanide. Materials and methods: BUMETANIDE, HPMC E-50, HPMC E-5, HPMC E-3, PE, 4000 (Flakes) and Aspartame. Citric Acid could be formulated with low viscosity film formers viz. HPMC E50 in combination with HPMC E5, E15. Bumetanide could be successfully incorporated in FDFs with of the above polymers and polyethylene glycol 4000 is used as a plasticizer. PEG 4000 itself has a solubulizing affect and result in faster dissolution. Hence, there is no need of superdisintegrants. Use of low viscosity grade HPMC polymers resulted in giving films with transparent and smooth texture. Conclusion: Among all the developed formulations, F9 formulation formulated with HPMC E15 and HPMC E50 in the ratio of 1:1 showed good in vitro disintegration time and dissolution profile. Key words: Bumetanide, PEG, HPMC

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Hsing, Wen Hao, Ching Wen Lou, Ching Wen Lin, Jin Mao Chen, and Jia Horng Lin. "Effects of the Content of High Strength Polyethylene Terephthalate Fiber and Kevlar Fiber on Properties of Geotextiles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 365-366 (August 2013): 1082–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.365-366.1082.

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Geotextiles have been commonly used globally, making the control of material selection to influence geotextiles properties an important research topic. This study aims to explore the effects of the ratio of high-strength polyethylene terephthalate (HPET) fiber to Kevlar fiber on hybrid geotextiles. At the first stage, HPET and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber are combined to make HPET/PET hybrid geotextile and then tested for porosity and water permeability, determining the optimum HPET/PET ratio. At the second stage, with a content of 60 % PET fibers, HPET fibers and Kevlar fibers are mixed with various ratios to form Kevlar/HPET/PET hybrid geotextiles. The experimental results show that with an increase in the content of HPET fibers, the porosity and water permeability of the Kevlar/HPET/PET hybrid geotextile decrease.

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Kampa, Jansuda, Richard Frazier, and Julia Rodriguez-Garcia. "Development of Saturated Fat Replacers: Conventional and Nano-Emulsions Stabilised by Lecithin and Hydroxylpropyl Methylcellulose." Foods 11, no. 16 (2022): 2536. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11162536.

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The combination of two emulsifiers, lecithin and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), into emulsions is an interesting strategy to design fat replacers in food matrices. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of HPMC type and concentration on the formation, stability, and microstructure of conventional emulsions and nanoemulsions. Two different types of HPMC with low and high content of methyl and hydroxypropyl groups (HPMC-L and HPMC-H) were evaluated. The results showed that the molecular structure and concentration of HPMC play a major role in the viscoelastic behaviour, the gelation temperature, and the strength of gel formed. The firmness and work of shear of HPMC solutions increased significantly (p < 0.05) with increasing concentration. HPMC-L illustrated a more stable gel structure than the HPMC-H solution. Nanoemulsions showed lower moduli values, firmness, and work of shear than conventional emulsions due to the influence of high-pressure homogenization. A combination of lecithin and HPMC improved the physical and lipid oxidative stability of the emulsions, presenting a lower creaming index and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). In conclusion, HPMC-L at 2% w/w could be a suitable type and concentration combined with lecithin to formulate a saturated fat replacer that could mimic butter technological performance during food manufacturing operations.

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Ding, Zhu, Xiaodong Wang, Jay Sanjayan, Patrick Zou, and Zhi-Kun Ding. "A Feasibility Study on HPMC-Improved Sulphoaluminate Cement for 3D Printing." Materials 11, no. 12 (2018): 2415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11122415.

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A novel 3D printing material based on hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)—improved sulphoaluminate cement (SAC) for rapid 3D construction printing application is reported. The hydration heat, setting time, fluidity of paste and mortar, shape retainability, and compressive strength of extruded SAC mortar were investigated. HPMC dosage, water-to-cement (W/C) ratio, and sand-to-cement (S/C) ratio were studied as the experimental parameters. Hydration heat results reveal HPMC could delay the hydration of SAC. The initial and final setting time measured using Vicat needle would be shortened in the case of W/C ratio of 0.3 and 0.35 with HPMC dosage from 0.5% to 1.5%, W/C ratio of 0.40 with HPMC dosage of 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1.5%, and W/C ratio of 0.45 with HPMC dosage of 0.45, or be extended in the case of W/C ratio of 0.4 with HPMC dosage of 1.0% and W/C ratio of 0.45 with HPMC dosage from 0.75% to 1.5%. Fluidity measurement shows HPMC significantly improves the shape retainability. Furthermore, the addition of HPMC remarkably increased the compressive strength of extruded mortar. The results showed that HPMC could be used to prepare 3D printing SAC having satisfactory shape retainability, setting time and compressive strength.

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Nagai, Daisuke, Naoki Isobe, Tatsushi Inoue, Shusuke Okamoto, Yasuyuki Maki, and Takeshi Yamanobe. "Preparation of Various Nanomaterials via Controlled Gelation of a Hydrophilic Polymer Bearing Metal-Coordination Units with Metal Ions." Gels 8, no. 7 (2022): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8070435.

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We investigated the gelation of a hydrophilic polymer with metal-coordination units (HPMC) and metal ions (PdII or AuIII). Gelation proceeded by addition of an HPMC solution in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) to a metal ion aqueous solution. An increase in the composition ratio of the metal-coordination units from 10 mol% to 34 mol% (HPMC-34) increased the cross-linking rate with AuIII. Cross-linking immediately occurred after dropwise addition of an HPMC-34 solution to the AuIII solution, generating the separation between the phases of HPMC-34 and AuIII. The cross-linking of AuIII proceeded from the surface to the inside of the HPMC-34 droplets, affording spherical gels. In contrast, a decrease in the ratio of metal-coordination units from 10 mol% to 4 mol% (HPMC-4) decreased the PdII cross-linking rate. The cross-linking occurred gradually and the gels extended to the bottom of the vessel, forming fibrous gels. On the basis of the mechanism for the formation of gels with different morphologies, the gelation of HPMC-34 and AuIII provided nanosheets via gelation at the interface between the AuIII solution and the HPMC-34 solution. The gelation of HPMC-4 and PdII afforded nanofibers by a facile method, i.e., dropwise addition of the HPMC-4 solution to the PdII solution. These results demonstrated that changing the composition ratio of the metal-coordination units in HPMC can control the gelation behavior, resulting in different types of nanomaterials.

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Katona, Jaroslav, Verica Sovilj, Lidija Petrovic, and Nenad Mucic. "Tensiometric investigation of the interaction and phase separation in a polymer mixture-ionic surfactant ternary system." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 75, no. 6 (2010): 823–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc100112056k.

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The interaction and phase separation in a ternary mixture composed of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC), and sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) were investigated by tensiometry. Surface tension measurements of binary mixtures (0.7 % HPMC and 0.00-2.00 % SDS) and of ternary mixtures (0.7 % HPMC, 0.3 % NaCMC, and 0.00-2.00 % SDS) were performed. The measurements indicated interaction between HPMC and SDS, which resulted in HPMC-SDS complex formation. The critical association concentration, CAC, and polymer saturation point, PSP, were determined. Phase separation of ternary HPMC/SDS/NaCMC mixtures occurs at SDS concentration > CAC, i.e., when the HPMC-SDS complex is formed. The volume of the coacervate increases with increasing SDS concentration, and at SDS concentrations >1.00 %, the coacervate vanishes. The surface tensions (?) of ternary HPMC/SDS/NaCMC mixtures in the precoacervation region and at the onset of the coacervation region are similar to the ? of the corresponding binary HPMC-SDS mixtures, while in the coacervation and post coacervation region, they are close to the ? of the corresponding SDS solutions.

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MAHAJAN, NILESH M., Kalyanee Wanaskar, Yogesh Bhutada, Raju Thenge, and Vaibhav Adhao. "DESIGN AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF EXTENDED RELEASE TABLET OF NATEGLINIDE." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 8, no. 5-s (2018): 235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i5-s.2012.

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The aim of present study is to formulate and evaluate extended release matrix tablet of Nateglinide by direct compression method using different polymer like HPMC K4 and HPMC K15. Matrix tablet of nateglidine were prepared in combination with the polymer HPMC K4, HPMC K15, along with the excipients and the formulations were evaluated for tablet properties and in vitro drug release studies. Nateglinide matrix tablet prepared by using polymer such as HPMC K4 and HPMC K15, it was found that HPMC K15 having higher viscosity as compare to HPMC K4 therefore different concentration of polymer were studied to extend the drug release up to 12 h. The tablets of Nateglinide prepared by direct compression had acceptable physical characteristics and satisfactory drug release. The study demonstrated that as far as the formulations were concerned, the selected polymers proved to have an acceptable flexibility in terms of in-vitro release profile. In present the study the percent drug release for optimize batch was found to 94.62%. Hence it can be conclude that Nateglinide extended release matrix tablet can prepared by using HPMC. The swollen tablet also maintains its physical integrity during the drug release study Keywords: Tablet, in-vitro drug release, Nateglinide, HPMC

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Dawson, Paul A., Ross B. Gordon, Dianne T. Keough, and Bryan T. Emmerson. "Normal HPRT coding region in a male with gout due to HPRT deficiency." Molecular Genetics and Metabolism 85, no. 1 (2005): 78–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymgme.2005.01.005.

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Mosquera, M. "Effects of hydroxymethylpropylcellulose (HPMC) moisture content on hydrochlorothiazide release from HPMC-based tablets." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 135, no. 1-2 (1996): 147–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-5173(95)04467-1.

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Deubel, Werner, Ioannis D. Bassukas, Werner Schlereth, Reinhard Lorenz, and Klaus Hempel. "Age dependent selection against HPRT deficient T lymphocytes in the HPRT± heterozygous mouse." Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 351, no. 1 (1996): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0027-5107(95)00214-6.

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Hastuti, Resti, Srie Rezeki Nur Endah, and Ali Nofriyaldi. "FORMULASI DAN UJI STABILITAS FISIK SEDIAAN GEL EKSTRAK DAUN ALPUKAT (Persea americana. Mill)." Pharmacoscript 3, no. 2 (2020): 150–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.36423/pharmacoscript.v3i2.390.

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Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang Formulasi dan Uji Stabilitas Fisik Sediaan Gel Ekstrak Daun Alpukat (Persea americana. Mill). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui formula yang paling baik dari sediaan gel ekstrak daun alpukat dengan variasi basis HPMC, meliputi evaluasi sediaan gel yang dilakukan dengan pengamatan organoleptis, pengamatan homogenitas, uji pH, uji daya sebar, pengukuran viskositas dan pengujian cycling test. Formulasi dan Uji Stabilitas Fisik Sediaan Gel Ekstrak Daun Alpukat (Persea americana. Mill) dilakukan tiga formula dengan berbagai variasi konsentrasi HPMC yaitu 15%, 20% dan 25%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga jenis sediaan berwarna merah kecoklatan, memiliki bau khas mawar, dan memiliki bentuk semisolid kental. Homogenitas ketiga jenis sediaan yaitu homogen. Daya sebar basis HPMC 15% yaitu 6,43 cm, HPMC 20% yaitu 5,01 dan HPMC 25% yaitu 4,04. pH dari ketiga jenis sediaan yaitu 6. Pengujian viskositas basis HPMC 15% yaitu 280,8 dPa.s, HPMC 20% yaitu 494,93 dPa.s dan HPMC 25% yaitu 653,07 dPa.s dan pengujian cycling test yang menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan pada ketiga jenis sediaan gel.

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Sun, Zhao, Yan Ping Liu, and Xi Jun Liu. "Synthesis and Characterization of PBA-P(MMA-HPMA) Core-Shell Latex Particles." Advanced Materials Research 750-752 (August 2013): 854–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.750-752.854.

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In this paper, Taken the methyl hydroxypropyl acrylate (HPMA) as functional monomer, a novel poly (butyl acrylate)-poly (methyl methacrylate-methyl hydroxypropyl acrylate) (PBA-P(MMA-HPMA)) core-shell latex particles were synthesized by the method of pre-emulsion semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization. The structure and morphology of core-shell latex particles were characterized by the way of laser particle size analyzer, transmission electron microscope (TEM), fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), nonaqueous acid-base titration, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Experimental results showed that the average size of PBA-P(MMA-HPMA) core-shell latex particles was 340nm and the average size of PBA core latex particles was 270nm. The functional monomer HPMA really participated in shell layer copolymerization, when the dosage of HPMA was 8% of shell monomer, HPMA content in the shell was the largest and reached 2.16%. Tg value of the copolymer P(MMA-HPMA) was firstly increased and then reduced with the increasing of HPMA content in shell.

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Suhesti, Tuti Sri, M. Mudrik H. Rohman, and Sunarto Sunarto. "Formulation of Gel Hand Sanitizer of Nagasari Leaf Extract (Mesua ferrea L.)." Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology 1 (January 5, 2022): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/ijpst.v1i1.36465.

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Nagasari (Mesua ferrea L.) is one of the biodiversity to be developed as an antiseptic preparation. These plants are known to contain flavonoid compounds, tannins, and terpenoids that act as antibacterial. Hand sanitizer gel preparations can increase the effectiveness of topically. The physical properties of a good gel depend on a gelling agent, one of which is HPMC. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variations in HPMC levels on physical properties and antibacterial activity. Gels were prepared with various HPMC levels of 1%, 2%, and 3%. The gel was tested for physical properties and stability. All formulas produced preparations that met the requirements for good physical properties and stability. Testing of antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus showed that an increase in HPMC levels could decrease the ability to release the active substance of the preparation. The diameter of the inhibition zone obtained was 10.0 mm (HPMC 1%); 9.5 mm (2% HPMC) and 8.0 mm (3% HPMC). Increasing the concentration of HPMC will increase the viscosity and adhesion but decrease the spreadability. The three formulas had antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with moderate criteria.Keywords: Extract of nagasari leaf, Gel, HPMC, Staphylococcus aureus

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P. Poornima, Rashmi Bagri, and G. Tulja Rani. "In vitro alcohol induced dose dumping studies for Quetiapine fumarate floating drug delivery systems." International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Archive 6, no. 1 (2023): 049–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.53771/ijbpsa.2023.6.1.0074.

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Alcohol dose dumping can occur due to the solubility of the pharmaceutical excipients, the solubility of the drug, and the formulation’s drug release mechanism. Cellulosics are the most commonly used polymers in pharmaceutical controlled release technologies. The ethanol vulnerability of tablets made with HPMC K250, HPMC K750 and HPMC K1500 were investigated with the low soluble drug quetiapine fumarate. Quetiapine fumarate is an antipsychotic drug and it is suitable drug candidate for FDDS due to its solubility in low pH. HPMC K250, HPMC K750 and HPMC K1500 were used as a polymer matrix to control the release of quetiapine fumarate up to 24 hr. The quetiapine floating tablets were prepared by direct compression method. All the tablets were evaluated for the Pre-compression and post Compression Parameter. In-vitro dissolution study was done in Normal Dissolution Media, 0.1N Hcl and also in 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% v/v hydro alcoholic media for up to 24 hrs. All HPMC K250, HPMC K750 and HPMC K1500 preparation did not fail in alcoholic media. From these studies it was concluded that the concern around alcohol dose dumping seems negligible for these polymers.

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K., Venkateswara Reddy* Shimoga Nagaraj Sriharsha and S. Sujatha. "FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FLOATING MATRIX TABLETS OF TAPENTADOL HCL." IAJPS,CSK PUBLICATIONS 03, no. 12 (2016): 1461–69. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.220872.

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The objective of the present study is to evaluate HPMC K100M, HPMC K15M and carbopol 934P as matrix formers in this design of floating tablets of tapentadol, a poorly water soluble drug. Floating tablet s of tapentadol (100 mg) were formulated employing (i) HPMC K100M (ii) HPMC K15M and (iii) Carbopol 934P as matrix formers at 30% and 50% strength, sodium bicarbonate at 7.5%, 10% & 12.5% strength as gas generating agent and the tablets were evaluated for floating and drug releases characteristics. Tapentadol floating tablets formulated employing HPMC K100M and HPMC K15M as matrix formers at 50% strength and containing sodium bicarbonate (12.5%) as gas generating agent exhibited floating over 36 to 48 h with a floating lag time of less than 1 min. These floating tablets also gave slow and controlled release of tapentadol over 24 h and were found suitable for once a day administration (24 h). HPMC K100M and HPMC K15M were better suitable as matrix formers than Carbopol 934P for floating tablets of tapentadol, a poorly water soluble drug. Key Words: Floating tablets, tapentadol Hydrochloride, HPMC K100M, Carbopol, and zero order release

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Zheng, Jiao, Bo Wang, Jia Xiang, and Zhengyu Yu. "Controlled Release of Curcumin from HPMC (Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose) Co-Spray-Dried Materials." Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications 2021 (June 15, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7625585.

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In order to achieve the controlled release of curcumin, HPMC (hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose) was spray dried with curcumin and lactose. The spray-dried materials were pressed into tablets with a diameter of 8 mm, and their release characteristics in vitro were measured. In vitro experiments showed that the release of curcumin from the HPMC mixture was significantly slower due to the sustained-release property of HPMC as a typical excipient. The release profile of curcumin from the HPMC mixture was relatively stable for a controlled release. SEM images show that the HPMC co-spray-dried powders have crumpled surfaces due to the large molecular weight of HPMC. DSC, XRD, FTIR, N2 adsorption, and TGA have been measured for the spray-dried curcumin materials. This work indicates that HPMC can be used as a controlled-release excipient for curcumin preparations.

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Kraisit, Pakorn, Manee Luangtana-Anan, and Narong Sarisuta. "Effect of Various Types of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) Films on Surface Free Energy and Contact Angle." Advanced Materials Research 1060 (December 2014): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1060.107.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of various viscosity grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for mucoadhesive buccal films. The HPMC used in this study was K4M, K15M and K100M which their viscosity were 4000, 15000 and 100000 mPas respectively. Using HPMC as film forming base matrix, all intrinsic characteristics of each HPMC grade is required as basic knowledge for the development of mucoadhesive buccal films. To understand the primary essential parameters, surface free energy and contact angle of various HPMC grades were determined. Sessile drop technique was used in this study to determine contact angle of HPMC and surface free energy was then evaluated by using the Wu’s equation. The results showed that the increase in viscosity of HPMC film tended to decrease the polar force and total surface free energy but increased the contact angle. These parameters indicated that the hydrophilic character of HPMC was influenced by its viscosity. Our study suggested that the polar and dispersive force detected by sessile drop technique could be beneficial for the further design and development of mucoadhesive buccal films.

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Kumar, Sunil, Sandeep Dongre, Raghu S, T. Demappa, and J. Sannappa. "Structural and Mechanical characteristic study of HPMC polymer composite films." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1221, no. 1 (2022): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1221/1/012011.

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Abstract Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) were extensively known material in packaging, agriculture, medicine, electrolytes in solid state batteries and other areas due to the exceptional biocompatibility and easy production, however shows lower mechanical behaviour. The current investigation was embraced to delineate the effect of potassium iodide (KI) on structural and mechanical properties of biopolymer electrolyte films grounded on Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). The liquidation of the salt into the polymer crowd is done by solution cast technique and the X – Ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were used to fix the structural properties of pristine HPMC and composite HPMC films. The crystallinity (Xc) was calculated, the pristine HPMC films shows high level of crystallinity. However improved amorphous spaces of HPMC polymer crowd were exposed in HPMC composite films. The addition of KI had a considerable impact on break elongation. In HPMC, KI showed good intercalation, and large concentrations of KI resulted in crater-like pits on the film surfaces. Reductions in the tensile strength and elastic modulus along with an increase in elongation were noticed in film integrated with KI.

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Perumalla, Ashok Kumar 1. *. Dr. Deenanath Jhade 2. "FORMULATION AND INVITRO EVALUATION OF RIZATRIPTAN ORAL THIN FILMS." Journal of Scientific Research in Pharmacy 7, no. 7 (2018): 74–78. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1318318.

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ABSTRACT In present study oral thin films of Rizatriptan was developed to have a faster on set of action. The oral thin films were developed by using polymers HPMC E5, HPMC E 15 and PVP K90.Oral thin films were prepared by employing solvent casting method. Propylene glycol was selected as permeation enhancer and plasticizer. Drug excipient compatibility studies were carried out by using FTIR, and it was observed that there were no interactions. Formulations were prepared with the varying concentrations polymers ranging from F1-F12, and all the formulations were evaluated for various physical parameters Physical appearance, Weight variation, Thickness, Folding endurance, Tensile strength, Drug content, Moisture uptake, Moisture content and all the results were found to be were found to be with in the pharmacopeial limits. Among all the 9 formulations of Rizatriptan F3 formulation which contains HPMC E15 150 mg showed 98.76% cumulative drug release within 30 min by performing dissolution test. Compared to HPMC E15, HPMC E5 and PVP K90, HPMC E 15 showed better drug release profile. Hence it was considered as optimized formulation. KEYWORDS: Rizatriptan, HPMC E15, HPMC E5, PVP K90 and HPMC E 15.

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Shikata, Shinichi, Eiichi Kamei, Koji Yamaguchi, Yuki Tsuchida, and Hiroyuki Takahashi. "Dislocation Analysis of p Type and Insulating HPHT Diamond Seed Crystals." Materials Science Forum 924 (June 2018): 208–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.924.208.

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The dislocation of a p+ high-temperature, high-pressure (HPHT) seed crystal is analyzed by X-ray topography using a SR light source, and compared with that of an insulating HPHT seed crystal. The dislocation density of the typical insulating HPHT substrate is around 250 cm-2. Over several years, significant progress has been achieved in reducing the dislocation density of the typical insulating HPHT substrate from the order of 104–105 cm-2 to 102 cm-2. The p+ HPHT seed crystal has unique properties, especially in terms of the number of stacking faults (SFs), and very clear growth sector boundaries with dislocation densities of up to 3000 cm-2. As most research activities have been focused on the “insulating substrate” in HPHT growth technology for a long time, several challenges need to be overcome with respect to the growth of a p+ HPHT crystal.

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Liu, Xiao Zhou, Xiao Zhen Liu, Zhong Fang Lai, Yue Xing Song, and Li Zhai. "Preparation and Performance of Controlled-Release Tablets of Sasanquasaponin-Sodium Alginate-Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose." Advanced Materials Research 884-885 (January 2014): 494–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.884-885.494.

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The controlled-release tablets of sasanquasaponin-sodium alginate-hydroxy-propyl methyl cellulose (SQS-SAL-HPMC) were prepared by using SQS, SAL and HPMC as the main drug and accessories. The effects of the preparation method of the controlled-release powder and the amount of ethanol on release rate respectively were studied. The release rate curve of the data of the prescription of the controlled-release tablets of SQS-SAL-HPMC were fitted as zero order, one order and Higuchi equation. The controlled-release tablet of SQS-SAL-HPMC was characterized by IR techniques. The releasing rate of the controlled-release tablets of SQS-SAL-HPMC are controlled by controlling the preparation method of the controlled-release powder and the amount of ethanol. The controlled- release tablets of SQS-SAL-HPMC release SQS by slowness and constant in 12h. The chemical bonds are formed among SQS, SAL and HPMC.

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Jaimini, Rohit, Manish K. Gupta, and Vijay Sharma. "A Review on Formulation and Evaluation of Gastroretentive Floating Tablet of Nifedipin." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 4 (2019): 651–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i4.3065.

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Different mass transport processes may occur during drug release from polymer-based matrix tablets, including water imbibition into the system, polymer swelling, drug dissolution, drug diffusion out of the tablet, and polymer dissolution. Depending on the type of drug, polymer and release medium and on the tablet composition, the respective processes are more or less important. Velasco et al.24 reported that the rate and mechanism of nifidipine release from HPMC K15M-based matrices were mainly controlled by the drug/ HPMC ratio, and that drug release was independent of the compression force in the range between 3 and 12 kN. The effects of the two formulation variables ‘‘HPMC/ lactose ratio’’ and ‘‘HPMC viscosity grade’’ on the release of adinazolam mesylate from cylindrical tablets was studied by Sung et al. The resulting drug release rate was found to increase with decreasing ‘‘HPMC/ lactose ratio’’ and decreasing ‘‘HPMC viscosity grade Keywords: HPMC, Floating tablet, Gastroretentive, Gastric residence.

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Haas, Gabrielle, Joerg E. Braun, Cátia Igreja, Felix Tritschler, Tadashi Nishihara, and Elisa Izaurralde. "HPat provides a link between deadenylation and decapping in metazoa." Journal of Cell Biology 189, no. 2 (2010): 289–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200910141.

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Decapping of eukaryotic messenger RNAs (mRNAs) occurs after they have undergone deadenylation, but how these processes are coordinated is poorly understood. In this study, we report that Drosophila melanogaster HPat (homologue of Pat1), a conserved decapping activator, interacts with additional decapping factors (e.g., Me31B, the LSm1–7 complex, and the decapping enzyme DCP2) and with components of the CCR4–NOT deadenylase complex. Accordingly, HPat triggers deadenylation and decapping when artificially tethered to an mRNA reporter. These activities reside, unexpectedly, in a proline-rich region. However, this region alone cannot restore decapping in cells depleted of endogenous HPat but also requires the middle (Mid) and the very C-terminal domains of HPat. We further show that the Mid and C-terminal domains mediate HPat recruitment to target mRNAs. Our results reveal an unprecedented role for the proline-rich region and the C-terminal domain of metazoan HPat in mRNA decapping and suggest that HPat is a component of the cellular mechanism that couples decapping to deadenylation in vivo.

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Shi, Shih-Chen, and Jason Hsiao Chun Yang. "Preparation of stable biopolymer composite suspension with metal/metal-oxide nanoparticles." Modern Physics Letters B 34, no. 07n09 (2020): 2040028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021798492040028x.

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Abstract:

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) is a kind of biopolymer that is biodegradable, environmentally friendly and possesses exceptional mechanical and tribological properties. Therefore, it could be used as a suitable alternative to plastic. However, HPMC deforms easily when subjected to loads, causing higher real contact area and adhesive force between HPMC and grinding counter. Therefore, HPMC films are easily damaged because of adhesive wear, which negatively affects wear resistance. Hence, nanoparticles (NPs) of Al, Cu, Al2O3 and CuO have been used as fillers to increase the wear resistance of the HPMC composite films. The uniform dispersion of NPs in the suspension is the most important factor, which is greatly related to the wear resistance after film formation. Nanosuspensions with various dispersant concentrations were prepared, and mixed with the HPMC solution to prepare composite solutions and composite films. The results showed that Span 80 could provide steric stabilization, and that it dispersed the NPs effectively in suspension. After mixing the suspension with the HPMC solution, the solution became more stable.

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