Academic literature on the topic 'Hu jiao zhong xin'

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) divides fracture treatment into three stages. Many TCM herbs and formulas have been used to treat fractures for thousands of years. However, research regarding the Chinese herbal products (CHPs) that should be used at different periods of treatment is still lacking. This study aims to identify the CHPs that should be used at different periods of treatment as well as confirm the TCM theory of fracture periods medicine. We used prescriptions of TCM outpatients with fracture diagnoses analyzed using the Chang Gung Research Database (CGRD) from 2000 to 2015. According to the number of days between the date of the fracture and the clinic visit date, all patients were assigned to one of three groups. Patients with a date gap of 0-13 days were assigned to the early period group; those with a date gap of 14-82 days were assigned to the middle period group; and those with a date gap of 83-182 days were assigned to the late period group. We observed the average number of herbal formulas prescribed by the TCM doctor at each visit was 2.78, and the average number of single herbs prescribed was 6.47. The top three prescriptions in the early fracture period were Zheng-gu-zi-jin-dang, Shu-jing-huo-xue-tang, and Wu-ling-san. In the middle fracture period, the top three formulas were Zheng-gu-zi-jin-dang, Shu-jing-huo-xue-tang, and Zhi-bai-di-huang-wan. In the late fracture period, the top three formulas were Shu-jing-huo-xue-tang, Gui-lu-er-xian-jiao, and Du-huo-ji-sheng-tang. The main single herbs used in the early fracture period were Yan-hu-suo, Gu-sui-bu, and Dan-shen. From the middle to the late period, the most prescribed single herbs were Xu-duan, Gu-sui-bu, and Yan-hu-suo. We concluded that the results showed that the CGRD utilization pattern roughly meets the TCM theory at different fracture periods.

В последние годы высокими темпами проводятся исследования, связанные с поиском и изучением механизма действия новых и применяющихся в медицине ноотропных средств. Представляют интерес исследования, связанные с поиском новых комбинированных лекарственных средств ноотропного действия на основе субстанций D-гамма-пантотената кальция и янтарной кислоты, обладающих нейрометаболическими, атигипоксическими и адаптогенными свойствами. Целью настоящего исследования являлись разработка и обоснование оптимальных составов и технологий изготовления таблеток, обладающих ноотропным действием, и стандартизация предложенных лекарственных форм, содержащих пантогам и янтарную кислоту.Способ приготовления таблеточной смеси: все компоненты отвешивали в необходимом количестве, в ступку вносили пантогам, затем янтарную кислоту и растирали до однородного белого порошка. Прессование таблеток проводили на ручном прессе при давлении 120 мн/м2. Нанесение покрытия осуществлялось на лабораторной установке псевдоожиженного слоя с одной форсункой в перфорированном барабане объёмом 1000 мл. Полученные таблетки оценивали согласно требованиям по Государственной Фармакопее XIII, XIV. Сравнение таблеток пантогама сянтарной кислотой, полученных методом прямого прессования и влажного гранулирования, показало, что метод прямого прессования позволяет получать таблетки с хорошими физико-механическими показателями и биодоступностью. Для количественного определения пантогама в таблетках разработаны методики, основанные на кислотно-основном титровании, спектрофотометрическом определении. Проведена валидация методики количественного определения янтарной кислоты в лекарственных формах.На основании изучения физико-химических, технологических свойств субстанций и вспомогательных веществ обоснованы и разработаны составы и технология получения таблеток, содержащих пантогам и янтарную кислоту. Установлено, что при совместном присутствии пантогама и янтарной кислоты в таблетках происходят твердофазные взаимодействия. Разработаны методы качественного и количественного анализа лекарственных форм, содержащих пантогам, янтарную кислоту, основанные на комплексонометрическом титровании и высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии. Процедура валидации определения янтарной кислоты методом высокоэффективнойжидкостной хроматографии в разработанных лекарственных формах показала обоснованность предложенной методики. ЛИТЕРАТУРА 1. Воронков А. В., Поздняков Д. И., Нигарян С. А. Церебропротективное действие некоторых фенолокислот в условиях экспериментальной ишемии головного мозга. Фармация и фармакология. 2019;7(6): 332–339. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19163/2307-9266-2019-7-6-332-3382. Cornelis E., Gorus E., Beyer I., Bautmans I., De Vriendt P. Early diagnosis of mild cognitive impairmentand mild dementia through basic and instrumental activities of daily living: development of a new evaluationtool. PLoS Med. 2017;14(3): e1002250. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.10022503. Wang P., Wang W., Hu Y., Li Y. Prolonged soluble epoxide hydrolase reactivity in brain endothelial cellsis associated with long cognitive deficits in sepsis. Molecular Neurobiology. 2020;57(6): 2846–2855. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-020-01925-24. Sun M. K. Potential therapeutics for vascular cognitive impairment and dementia. Current Neuropharmacology.2018,16(7): 1036–1044. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159X156661710161647345. Lowry E., Puthusseryppady V., Coughlan G., Jeffs S., Hornberger M. Path integration changes as acognitive marker for vascular cognitive impairment? - A pilot study. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience.2020;21(14): 131. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.001316. Beggiato S., Borelli A. C., Ferraro L., Tanganelli S., Antonelli T., Tomasini M. C. Palmitoylethanolamideblunts amyloid-b42-induced astrocyte activation and improves neuronal survival in primary mousecortical astrocyte-neuron co-cultures. J. Alzheimer’s Disease. 2018;61(1): 389–399. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-1706997. Moretti R., Caruso P., Storti B., Saro R., Kassabian B., Sala A., Giannini A., Gazzin S. Behavior insubcortical vascular dementia with sight pathologies: visual hallucinations as a consequence of precociousgait imbalance and institutionalization. Neurological Sciences. 2020;14: 131. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-020-04445-y8. Chen N., Yang M., Guo J., Zhou M., Zhu C., He L. Cerebrolysin for vascular dementia. Cochrane Databaseof Systematic Reviews. 2019;11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD0089009. Solleiro-Villavicencio H., Rivas-Arancibia S. Effect of chronic oxidative stress on neuroinflammatoryresponse mediated by CD4+T cells in neurodegenerative diseases. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience.2018;12: 114. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2018.0011410. Воронков А. В., Шабанова Н. Б., Воронкова М. П., Лысенко Т. А. Изучение дозозависимогоцеребротропного эффекта производного пиримидина под шифром PIR-9 на фоне экспериментальной ишемии головного мозга крыс. Фармация и фармакология. 2018;6(6): 548–567. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19163/2307-9266-2018-6-6-548-56711. Muzyko E. A., Tkacheva G. A., Perfilova V. N., Matvienko L. S., Naumenko L. V., Vasil’eva O. S., TyurenkovI. N. Bulletin of experiment effects of gaba derivatives on anxious and compulsive behavior inoffspring of rats with experimental preeclampsia. Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine.2020;168(4): 457–464. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-020-04731-x12. Wilms W., Woźniak-Karczewska M., Corvini P. F., Chrzanowski Ł. Nootropic drugs: Methylphenidate,modafinil and piracetam – Population use trends, occurrence in the environment, ecotoxicity andremoval methods. Chemosphere. 2019;233: 771–785. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemo-sphere.2019.06.01613. Fekete S., Hiemke C., Gerlach M. Dose-related concentrations of neuro-/psychoactive drugs expectedin blood of children and adolescents. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. 2019;42(2): 315–324. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/FTD.000000000000068514. Saad C. Y., Fogel J., Rubinstein S. Awareness and knowledge among internal medicine resident trainees for dose adjustment of analgesics and neuropsychotropic medications in CKD. South Med J. 2018;111(3): 155–162. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14423/smj.000000000000078115. Woźniak-Karczewska M., Čvančarová M., Chrzanowski Ł., Kolvenbach B., Corvini P. F., CichockaD. N. Isolation of two ochrobactrum sp. strains capable of degrading the nootropic drug – Piracetam.New Biotechnology. 2018;43: 37–43. DOI: https://doi.org/110.1016/j.nbt.2017.07.00616. Заваденко Н. Н., Суворинова Н. Ю., Заваденко А. Н. Синдром дефицита внимания с гиперактивностью у детей: эффективность фармакотерапии гопантеновой кислотой. Вопросы практической педиатрии. 2018;13(2): 11–18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20953/1817-7646-2018-2-11-1817. Воронина T. A., Литвинова С. A. Фармакологические эффекты и клиническое применениепрепаратов пантогам и пантогам актив. Журн. неврологии и психиатрии им. С. С. Корсакова.2017;117(8): 132–139. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro201711781132-13918. Заваденко Н. Н., Гузева В. И., Гайнетдинова Д. Д., Давыдова Л. А., Заваденко А. Н., Романова Т. А. Фармакотерапия задержки психомоторного развития у детей 6–12 мес, рожденных недоношенными и перенесших гипоксически-ишемиче-ское поражение головного мозга (двойное слепое сравнительное многоцентровое плацебо-контролируемоеисследование). Журн. неврологии и психиатрии им. С. С. Корсакова. 2019;119(10): 30–39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro20191191013019. Stylianou E., Pateraki C., Ladakis D., Cruz-Fernández M., Latorre-Sánchez M., Coll C.,Koutinas A. Evaluation of organic fractions of municipal solid waste as renewable feedstock for succinicacid production. Biotechnology for Biofuels. 2020;13(1): 13:72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-020-01708-w20. Jiang M., Ma J., Wu M., Liu R., Liang L., Xin F., Zhang W., Jia H., Dong W. Progress of succinic acidproduction from renewable resources: Metabolic and fermentative strategies. Bioresource Technology.2017;245: 1710–1717. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.20921. Четверикова А. Г., Каныгина О. Н., Алпысбаева Г. Ж., Юдин А. А., Сокабаева С. С. Инфракраснаяспектроскопия как метод определения структурных откликов природных глин на СВЧ-воздействие. Конденсированные среды и межфазные границы. 2019;21(3): 446–454. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17308/kcmf.2019.21/115522. Середин П. В., Голощапов Д. Л., Кашкаров В. М., Никитков К. А., Бартенев В. Н., Ипполитов Ю. А., Vongsvivut J. P. Применение синхротронной ИК-микроспектроскопии для анализа интеграции биомиметических композитов с нативнойтвердой тканью зуба человека. Конденсированные среды и межфазные границы. 2019;21(2): 262–277.DOI: https://doi.org/10.17308/kcmf.2019.21/76423. Ельцова Н. О., Будко Е. В. Применение ВЭЖХ совместно с оптическими и термическими мето-дами в комплексном анализе межкомпонентных взаимодействий фармацевтических композиций.Сорбционные и хроматографические процессы. 2019;19(4): 474–480. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17308/sorpchrom.2019.19/786

Graphene-based composites have received a great deal of attention in recent year because the presence of graphene can enhance the conductivity, strength of bulk materials and help create composites with superior qualities. Moreover, the incorporation of metal oxide nanoparticles such as Fe3O4 can improve the catalytic efficiency of composite material. In this work, we have synthesized a composite material with the combination of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and Fe3O4 modified tissue-paper (mGO-PP) via a simple hydrothermal method, which improved the removal efficiency of the of methylene blue (MB) in water. MB blue is used as the model of contaminant to evaluate the catalytic efficiency of synthesized material by using a Fenton-like reaction. The obtained materials were characterized by SEM, XRD. The removal of materials with methylene blue is investigated by UV-VIS spectroscopy, and the result shows that mGO-PP composite is the potential composite for the color removed which has the removal efficiency reaching 65% in acetate buffer pH = 3 with the optimal time is 7 h. Keywords Graphene-based composite, methylene blue, Fenton-like reaction. References [1] Ma Joshi, Rue Bansal, Reng Purwar, Colour removal from textile effluents, Indian Journal of Fibre & Textile Research, 29 (2004) 239-259 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/24631.[2] Kannan Nagar, Sundaram Mariappan, Kinetics and mechanism of removal of methylene blue by adsorption on various carbons-a comparative study, Dyes and pigments, 51 (2001) 25-40 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0143-7208(01)00056-0.[3] K Rastogi, J. N Sahu, B. C Meikap, M. N Biswas, Removal of methylene blue from wastewater using fly ash as an adsorbent by hydrocyclone, Journal of hazardous materials, 158 (2008) 531-540.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.01. 105.[4] Qin Qingdong, Ma Jun, Liu Ke, Adsorption of anionic dyes on ammonium-functionalized MCM-41, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 162 (2009) 133-139 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat. 2008.05.016.[5] Mui Muruganandham, Rps Suri, Sh Jafari, Mao Sillanpää, Lee Gang-Juan, Jaj Wu, Muo Swaminathan, Recent developments in homogeneous advanced oxidation processes for water and wastewater treatment, International Journal of Photoenergy, 2014 (2014). http://dx. doi.org/10.1155/2014/821674.[6] Herney Ramirez, Vicente Miguel , Madeira Luis Heterogeneous photo-Fenton oxidation with pillared clay-based catalysts for wastewater treatment: a review, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 98 (2010) 10-26 https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.apcatb.2010.05.004.[7] Guo Rong, Jiao Tifeng, Li Ruifei, Chen Yan, Guo Wanchun, Zhang Lexin, Zhou Jingxin, Zhang Qingrui, Peng Qiuming, Sandwiched Fe3O4/carboxylate graphene oxide nanostructures constructed by layer-by-layer assembly for highly efficient and magnetically recyclable dye removal, ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 6 (2017) 1279-1288 https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b03635.[8] Sun Chao, Yang Sheng-Tao, Gao Zhenjie, Yang Shengnan, Yilihamu Ailimire, Ma Qiang, Zhao Ru-Song, Xue Fumin, Fe3O4/TiO2/reduced graphene oxide composites as highly efficient Fenton-like catalyst for the decoloration of methylene blue, Materials Chemistry and Physics, 223 (2019) 751-757 https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2018.11.056.[9] Guo Hui, Ma Xinfeng, Wang Chubei, Zhou Jianwei, Huang Jianxin, Wang Zijin, Sulfhydryl-Functionalized Reduced Graphene Oxide and Adsorption of Methylene Blue, Environmental Engineering Science, 36 (2019) 81-89 https://doi. org/10.1089/ees.2018.0157.[10] Zhao Lianqin, Yang Sheng-Tao, Feng Shicheng, Ma Qiang, Peng Xiaoling, Wu Deyi, Preparation and application of carboxylated graphene oxide sponge in dye removal, International journal of environmental research and public health, 14 (2017) 1301 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14111301.[11] Yu Dandan, Wang Hua, Yang Jie, Niu Zhiqiang, Lu Huiting, Yang Yun, Cheng Liwei, Guo Lin, Dye wastewater cleanup by graphene composite paper for tailorable supercapacitors, ACS applied materials & interfaces, 9 (2017) 21298-21306 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b05318.[12] Wang Hou, Yuan Xingzhong, Wu Yan, Huang Huajun, Peng Xin, Zeng Guangming, Zhong Hua, Liang Jie, Ren MiaoMiao, Graphene-based materials: fabrication, characterization and application for the decontamination of wastewater and wastegas and hydrogen storage/generation, Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 195 (2013) 19-40 https://doi. org/10.1016/j.cis.2013.03.009.[13] Marcano Daniela C, Kosynkin Dmitry V, Berlin Jacob M, Sinitskii Alexander, Sun Zhengzong, Slesarev Alexander, Alemany Lawrence B, Lu Wei, Tour James M, Improved synthesis of graphene oxide, ACS nano, 4 (2010) 4806-4814 https://doi.org/10.1021/nn1006368.[14] Zhang Jiali, Yang Haijun, Shen Guangxia, Cheng Ping, Zhang Jingyan, Guo Shouwu, Reduction of graphene oxide via L-ascorbic acid, Chemical Communications, 46 (2010) 1112-1114 http://doi. org/10.1039/B917705A [15] Gong Ming, Zhou Wu, Tsai Mon-Che, Zhou Jigang, Guan Mingyun, Lin Meng-Chang, Zhang Bo, Hu Yongfeng, Wang Di-Yan, Yang Jiang, Nanoscale nickel oxide/nickel heterostructures for active hydrogen evolution electrocatalysis, Nature communications, 5 (2014) 4695 https:// doi.org/10.1038/ncomms5695.[16] Wu Zhong-Shuai, Yang Shubin, Sun Yi, Parvez Khaled, Feng Xinliang, Müllen Klaus, 3D nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel-supported Fe3O4 nanoparticles as efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 134 (2012) 9082-9085 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja3030565.[17] Nguyen Son Truong, Nguyen Hoa Tien, Rinaldi Ali, Nguyen Nam Van, Fan Zeng, Duong Hai Minh, Morphology control and thermal stability of binderless-graphene aerogels from graphite for energy storage applications, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 414 (2012) 352-358 https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.08.048.[18] Deng Yang, Englehardt James D, Treatment of landfill leachate by the Fenton process, Water research, 40 (2006) 3683-3694 https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.watres.2006.08.009.

A doença mão-pé-boca é uma infecção viral, normalmente benigna que afeta comumente crianças até 10 anos, causada pelos enterovírus humano. O propósito deste estudo foi revisar os aspectos da doença que se faz presente nos dias atuais abordando a etiologia, epidemiologia, surtos, sintomatologia e comorbidades, diagnóstico, prevenção e tratamento. Foram selecionadas publicações em periódicos referenciados nas fontes de dados do Google Acadêmico, Pubmed e Periódicos Capes com as palavras chaves relacionadas ao tema desse trabalho como doença mão-pé-boca e crianças, sendo selecionados artigos produzidos até 2017. Apesar de diagnóstico clínico aparentemente simples, a doença pode ser confundida com outras enfermidades por suas características semelhantes, que podem induzir o colega odontólogo ao equívoco de diagnóstico.Descritores: Doença de Mão, Pé e Boca; Diagnóstico, Odontopediatria.ReferênciasSarkar PK, Sarker NK, Tayab A. Hand, foot and mouth disease (hfmd):an update. 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Revision and expansion of the author's Thesis (Ph. D.--Sichuan da xue, 2003).
"Sichuan da xue shi wu '211 gong cheng' zhong dian jian she xue ke xiang mu." 880-07 Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--City University of Hong Kong, 2009.
"Submitted to Department of Management in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 158-173)