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Loewe, Michael. "On the Terms bao zi, yin gong, yin guan, huan, and shou Was Zhao Gao a Eunuch?" T'oung Pao 91, no. 4 (2005): 301–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853205774910124.
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Kong Ju, Park. "A Study on Practice of śamatha-vipaśyanā and samādhi in Mang-jin-huan-yuan-guan(妄盡還源觀)". BUL GYO HAK BO 82 (31 березня 2018): 113–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18587/bh.2018.03.82.113.
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Feng Xu, Tian-Zhi Gong, and Guiyuan Wang. "Comparison of Major Biological Characteristics and Adaptations of three Sand Pear Varieties in Hubei Province of China." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 10, no. 9 (2021): 441–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2021.1009.051.
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The growth performance and adaptability of 'Chang Li No.1', 'Cui Guan' and 'Yuan Huang' after their planted in the first and third years were investigated. The results showed that:(1) The first year after the bud seedling planted, in plant height aspect, 'Yuan Huang' was the highest about 164.4cm, 'Cui Guan' was the lowest about 116.4cm; in leaf number aspect, ‘Chang Li No.1’ was the least about 11, ‘Cui Guan’ and 'Yuan Huang' were equivalent; in rate of survival, the survival rate of ‘Chang Li No.1’ was the highest about 82.4%, however, the survival rate of 'Cui Guan' and 'Yuan Huang' were 64.9% and 62.1% respectively; (2) The third year after planted, in plant height aspect, 'Yuan Huang' was the highest about 3.46 m, ‘Cui Guan’ and ‘Chang Li No.1’ were 2.72 m and 2.65 m respectively; in crown diameter aspect, 'Yuan Huang’ was the largest, ‘Cui Guan’ and ‘Chang Li No.1’ were equivalent; (3) In the number of annual branches, 'Yuan Huang' was the largest whatever long, medium or short branches, and that of ‘Cui Guan’ and ‘Chang Li No.1’ were equivalent; (4) In the number of inflorescence per plant, 'Yuan Huang' was the most up to 81 clusters, ‘Cui Guan’ was middle about 48 clusters, ‘Chang Li No.1’ was the least only 28 clusters; in the number of inflorescence flowers aspect, ‘Chang Li No.1’ was the largest about 9, 'Yuan Huang' and 'Cui Guan' were equal only 7; (5) In phenological period, ‘Cui Guan’ and ‘Chang Li No.1’ were similar, 'Yuan Huang' was about 5 days later than that of ‘Cui Guan’ and ‘Chang Li No.1’, and their fruit maturity was about 10 days different each other; (6)In damage by insects expression, 'Yuan Huang' was the lightest, next to ‘Cui Guan’, ‘Chang Li No.1’ was the most serious. Thus it could be seen, ‘Yuan Huang’ had the strongest adaptability in Hubei province, and ‘Chang Li No.1’ had the weakest adaptability in Hubei province of China.
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., Mukodas, and Wildan F. Mubarock. "SISI HUMOR DAN CITA RASA KHONG GUAN PADA PUISI-PUISI JOKO PINURBO." Pedagonal : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan 4, no. 1 (2020): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33751/pedagonal.v4i1.1931.
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HUMOR AND TASTE OF KHONG GUAN IN JOKO PINURBO’S POEMJoko Pinurbo is one of productive writer. The most interesting part of all works from Jokpin is the humour or jokes he inserted. What makes it interesting there are several poems that he wrote which published in Kompas newspaper on 31st Agustus 2019. There are twelve poems which consists the word Khong Guan in every title: Perjamuan Khong Guan, Hujan Khong Guan, Tidur Khong Guan, Lebaran Khong Guan, Minuman Khong Guan, Sabda Khong Guan, Agama Khong Guan, Keluarga Khong Guan, Mudik Khong Guan, Doa Khong Guan, Bingkisan Khong Guan, dan Hati Khong Guan. Those twelve poems are the subject to this research. The aim of this research is to define how humor was created. Recent humors are mostly uneducated humor such as insult joke, bullying, and disrespectful. Joko Pinurbo gives alternative in doing humor, through poem. Humor found in the poem is dominated by tragedy humor. Descriptive qualitative method is used in this research. This research found that there are five poems which can be classified as tragedy
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Guan, Ming, Huan Wang, and Huang Fang. "Reply to the Letter to the Editor of Y. Zhao, et al. concerning “Association between IGF1 gene single nucleotide polymorphism (rs5742612) and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a meta-analysis” by Ming Guan, Huan Wang et al. Eur Spine J (2016). doi:10.1007/s00586-016-4742-7." European Spine Journal 26, no. 4 (2017): 1314–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00586-017-5007-9.
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Kofoed, Eric M., Donghong Yan, Anand K. Katakam, et al. "De NovoGuanine Biosynthesis but Not the Riboswitch-Regulated Purine Salvage Pathway Is Required for Staphylococcus aureus InfectionIn Vivo." Journal of Bacteriology 198, no. 14 (2016): 2001–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00051-16.
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ABSTRACTDe novoguanine biosynthesis is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that creates sufficient nucleotides to support DNA replication, transcription, and translation. Bacteria can also salvage nutrients from the environment to supplement thede novopathway, but the relative importance of either pathway duringStaphylococcus aureusinfection is not known. InS. aureus, genes important for bothde novoand salvage pathways are regulated by a guanine riboswitch. Bacterial riboswitches have attracted attention as a novel class of antibacterial drug targets because they have high affinity for small molecules, are absent in humans, and regulate the expression of multiple genes, including those essential for cell viability. Genetic and biophysical methods confirm the existence of a bona fide guanine riboswitch upstream of an operon encoding xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (xpt), xanthine permease (pbuX), inosine-5′-monophosphate dehydrogenase (guaB), and GMP synthetase (guaA) that represses the expression of these genes in response to guanine. We found thatS. aureusguaBandguaAare also transcribed independently of riboswitch control by alternative promoter elements. Deletion ofxpt-pbuX-guaB-guaAgenes resulted in guanine auxotrophy, failure to grow in human serum, profound abnormalities in cell morphology, and avirulence in mouse infection models, whereas deletion of the purine salvage genesxpt-pbuXhad none of these effects. Disruption ofguaBorguaArecapitulates thexpt-pbuX-guaB-guaAdeletionin vivo. In total, the data demonstrate that targeting the guanine riboswitch alone is insufficient to treatS. aureusinfections but that inhibition ofguaAorguaBcould have therapeutic utility.IMPORTANCEDe novoguanine biosynthesis and purine salvage genes were reported to be regulated by a guanine riboswitch inStaphylococcus aureus. We demonstrate here that this is not true, because alternative promoter elements that uncouple thede novopathway from riboswitch regulation were identified. We found that in animal models of infection, the purine salvage pathway is insufficient forS. aureussurvival in the absence ofde novoguanine biosynthesis. These data suggest targeting thede novoguanine biosynthesis pathway may have therapeutic utility in the treatment ofS. aureusinfections.
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Kerr, Derek. "Lin zhong guan huai: Terminal care in China." American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine® 10, no. 4 (1993): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104990919301000407.
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Meulenbeld, Mark. "The Peach Blossom Spring’s Long History as a Sacred Site in Northern Hunan." T’oung Pao 107, no. 1-2 (2021): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685322-10701001.
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Abstract Though long seen uniquely from the perspective of the Chinese literary canon, Tao Qian’s 陶潛 (365?–427) famous “Record of the Peach Blossom Spring” (“Taohuayuan ji” 桃花源記) may find an even more fruitful disciplinary home in religious studies. The story refers itself to a grotto at Wuling 武陵 (present-day northern Hunan province), a site that has been associated with Daoist transcendents (shenxian 神仙) at least since the middle of the sixth century. A Daoist monastery on that same site, the Peach Spring Abbey (Taoyuan guan 桃源觀) or Peach Blossom Abbey (Taohua guan 桃花觀), became officially recognized in 748 and received imperial support not long after. This article studies the long history of Peach Spring as a sacred site, or, as Tao Qian referred to it in his poem, a “divine realm” (shenjie 神界).
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Fairchild, R. M., P. R. Ellis, A. J. Byrne, S. D. Luzio, and M. A. Mir. "A new breakfast cereal containing guar gum reduces postprandial plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in normal-weight human subjects." British Journal of Nutrition 76, no. 1 (1996): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19960009.
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A new guar-containing wheatflake product was developed to assess its effect on carbohydrate tolerance in normal-weight, healthy subjects. The extruded wheatflake breakfast cereals containing 0 (control) or approximately 90 g guar gum/kg DM were fed to ten fasting, normal-weight, healthy subjects using a repeated measures design. The meals were similar in energy (approximately 1·8 MJ), available carbohydrate (78 g), protein (15 g) and fat (5·4 g) content. The guar gum content of the test meals was 6·3 g. Venous blood samples were taken fasting and at 15, 30, 45,60, 90, 120, 150 and 240 min after commencing each breakfast and analysed for plasma glucose, insulin and C-peptide. The guar wheafflake meal produced a significant main effect for glucose and insulin at 0-60 min and 0-240 min time intervals respectively, but not for the C-peptide levels compared with the control meal. Significant reductions in postprandial glucose and insulin responses were seen following the guar wheatflake meal compared with the control meal at 15 and 60 min (glucose) and 15, 60, 90 and 120 min (insulin). The 60 and 120 min areas under the curve for glucose and insulin were significantly reduced by the guar gum meal, as was the 240 min area under the curve for insulin. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of a severe method of heat extrusion to produce guar wheatflakes does not diminish the physiological activity of the guar gum.
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Tomlin, J., N. W. Read, C. A. Edwards, and B. I. Duerden. "The degradation of guar gum by a faecal incubation system." British Journal of Nutrition 55, no. 3 (1986): 481–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19860055.
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1. Homogenized and diluted faeces (50 g/l) from one human source were incubated with the complex plant polysaccharide, guar gum, to investigate the degradation of viscous polysaccharides by intestinal bacteria.2. Incubation of the faecal homogenate with guar gum produced a rapid decrease in viscosity and in pH, accompanied by the release of hydrogen.3. No changes in viscosity or pH were observed and there was no production of H2gas when guar gum was incubated with autoclaved faecal homogenate (20 min, 1.03 × 105Pa).4. A bacteria-free filtrate of faeces was prepared by centrifuging the faecal homogenate (2400 g for 100 min) followed by filtration through a Seitz filter and then a millipore filter (size 0.45 μm). Incubating this with guar gum produced a slow decrease in viscosity, but no significant change in pH and no generation of H2.5. Our results show that guar gum can be fermented by human colonic bacteria and suggest the possibility of predigestion by extracellular free enzymes.
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Ellis, Peter R., Fathy M. Dawoud, and Edwin R. Morris. "Blood glucose, plasma insulin and sensory responses to guar-containing wheat breads: effects of molecular weight and particle size of guar gum." British Journal of Nutrition 66, no. 3 (1991): 363–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19910041.
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The effectiveness of guar gum in reducing post-prandial blood glucose and plasma insulin levels in human subjects seems to depend mainly on its ability to increase the viscosity of digesta in the small intestine. However, the precise relationship between the rheological properties of guar gum (either in vitro or in vivo) and the changes in blood metabolites and hormones is unknown. The aim of the present study, therefore, was to investigate the effects of wheat breads containing guar gum samples varying in molecular weight (Mw) and particle size (characteristics that strongly influence the rheological properties of guar gum) on post-prandial blood glucose and plasma insulin levels in healthy subjects. The sensory qualities of breads containing guar-gum flours of different Mw were also evaluated using a hedonic scoring technique. No significant differences in the post-prandial blood glucose responses were found between the control and guar breads. However, all the guar breads elicited significant (P < 0.05) decreases in the post-prandial rise in plasma insulin, an effect that did not appear to be influenced by large variations in Mw or particle size of guar gum. Moreover, the sensory qualities of guar bread were markedly improved by using low Mw grades of guar gum.
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Herwirawan, Fransiscus Xaferius, Cecep Kusmana, Endang Suhendang, and Widiatmaka Widiatmaka. "Land Suitability for Community Forestry to Poverty Alleviation in the Border Area at Timor Tengah Utara District." Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management) 9, no. 1 (2019): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jpsl.9.1.29-39.
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Morgan, L. M., J. A. Tredger, A. Madden, P. Kwasowski, and V. Marks. "The effect of guar gum on carbohydrate-, fat- and protein-stimulated gut hormone secretion: modification of postprandial gastric inhibitory polypeptide and gastrin responses." British Journal of Nutrition 53, no. 3 (1985): 467–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19850056.
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1. The effect of incorporating guar gum into predominantly single-component meals of carbohydrate, fat or protein on liquid gastric emptying and on the secretion of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), gastrin and motilin, was studied in healthy human volunteers.2. Volunteers were given either 80 ml Hycal (carbohydrate meal), 150 g cooked lean minced beef (protein meal) or 200 ml double cream (fat meal) either with or without 5 or 6 g guar gum. Liquid gastric emptying was monitored in the fat and protein meals by taking 1.5 g paracetamol, consumed in water, with the meals and monitoring its appearance in circulation.3. Postprandial insulin and GIP levels were both significantly reduced by addition of guar gum to the carbohydrate meal. Postprandial GIP secretion was also reduced by addition of guar gum to the protein meal, but protein-stimulated gastrin secretion was enhanced by guar gum. There was a significant negative correlation between peak circulating gastrin levels and the corresponding GIP levels. Postprandial GIP secretion and plasma motilin levels were unaffected by addition of guar gum to the fat meal.4. 5 and 10 g guar gum/l solutions in water possessed buffering capacities between pH 2.75 and 5.5.5. Guar gum at 5 g/l caused no detectable change in liquid gastric-emptying time.6. The observed augmentation of gastrin secretion by guar gum following a protein meal could be due either to the buffering capacity of guar gum or to the attenuation of GIP secretion. It is possible that the chronic use of guar gum could be associated with changes in gastric acid secretion.
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Wang, M. L., and J. B. Morris. "Flavonoid content in seeds of guar germplasm using HPLC." Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization 5, no. 02 (2007): 96–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262107672335.
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Legume flavonoids have received considerable attention due to their beneficial effects on human health. Flavonoid content in the seeds of 36 germplasm accessions of guar [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba(L.) Taub.] was quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). On a per 100 g basis, the seed contained, on average, 1.114 mg (0–2.355) daidzein, 0.700 mg (0–1.685) genistein, 0.553 mg (0–1.250) quercetin and 14.460 mg (10.70–19.82) kaempferol. A significant positive correlation was observed between the content of daidzein and genistein; however, significant negative correlations existed between the content of kaempferol and daidzein and of kaempferol and genistein. Compared to soybean seeds, guar seeds contained very low amounts of daidzein and genistein, but a high amount of kaempferol. The information about the levels of flavonoids in guar seeds will be useful to breeding programmes for improving guar seed quality. Furthermore, the high kaempferol content of guar seeds may expand its nutraceutical and pharmaceutical utilization.
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Morgan, L. M., J. A. Tredger, Y. Shavila, J. S. Travis, and J. Wright. "The effect of non-starch polysaccharide supplementation on circulating bile acids, hormone and metabolite levels following a fat meal in human subjects." British Journal of Nutrition 70, no. 2 (1993): 491–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19930143.
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The effects of guar gum, sugar-beet fibre (SBF) and wheat bran supplementation of a high-fat test meal were compared with an NSP-free control meal and a meal containing an equivalent amount of the ion- exchange resin cholestyramine in healthy non-obese human volunteers. Their effects on gastric emptying, postprandial circulating bile acids, triacylglycerols and gastrointestinal hormone levels were studied. Thein vitrobinding of NSP and cholestyramine to [l-14C]glycocholic acid was measured and compared with theirin vivoeffect. Guar gum and cholestyramine supplementation significantly lowered circulating postprandial bile acid, triacylglycerol and gastric inhibitory polypeptide concentrations, but sugar-beet fibre and wheat bran were without effect. Liquid gastric emptying, as assessed by circulating paracetamol levels, was slightly accelerated in the guar gum-supplemented meal. Glycocholic acid bound strongly to the insoluble fraction of cholestyramine and the soluble fraction of guar gum. The insoluble fractions of SBF and wheat bran bound only small quantities of glycocholate; no bile acid binding was detected in the soluble fractions of these NSP. The study demonstrates that measurement of postprandial bile acids enables an indirect measurement to be made of bile acid binding to NSPin vivo. The results support the hypothesis that the hypocholesterolaemic action of guar gum is largely mediated via interruption of the enterohepatic bile acid circulation, but indicate that the hypocholesterolaemic action of SBF is mediated by another mechanism.
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Nair, Divek V. T., Devendra Paudel, Margherita Cantorna, and Vishal Singh. "DIETARY FIBER GUAR GUM EXACERBATES COLONIC INFLAMMATION IN MULTIPLE EXPERIMENTAL MODELS OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 27, Supplement_1 (2021): S2—S3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izaa347.004.
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Abstract The role of fermentable dietary fibers in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is not understood. Herein, we elucidated the effect of dietary fiber guar gum, commonly added to a wide range of processed foods, on colonic inflammation. The use of three different IBD models allowed us to examine the effect of guar gum on various aspects of human IBD, such as immune hyperactivity [IL-10 receptor (IL-10R) neutralization], epithelial injury [dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)], and infection [Citrobacter rodentium (CR)]-mediated inflammation. Wild-type (WT, C57BL/6) mice fed either control cellulose (insoluble fiber, aka non-fermentable fiber) or guar gum (soluble fiber, aka fermentable fiber, 7.5% w/w) were administered four weekly injections of IL-10R neutralizing antibody (α-IL-10R) to induce immune-hyperactivation mediated chronic colitis. Guar gum treated mice developed robust α-IL-10R mediated colitis. Guar gum fed mice had splenomegaly, colomegaly, elevated systemic proinflammatory markers [serum amyloid A (SAA), lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) and keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC)] and elevated colonic Lcn2 and interleukin (IL)-1β, and histopathology scores compared to control, cellulose-fed, mice. Similar results were observed in Toll-like receptor 5 deficient mice, which are prone to develop microbiota-dependent colitis. Next, to examine the effect of guar gum on the epithelial injury model, mice were treated with DSS (1.4% w/v in drinking water) for seven days. The guar gum fed group developed severe colitis, including reduced body weight, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, shortening of colon length, and elevated levels of pro-inflammatory markers (Lcn2, KC, and SAA)compared to the control group. The last model to be tested was infection-induced colitis. Since inflammation is required to clear the infection, we hypothesized that guar gum fed mice might clear CR infection better than controls. To our surprise, guar gum fed WT mice shed higher numbers of CR in the feces than the cellulose group. The guar gum fed mice had lower body weights, colomegaly, an elevated level of colonic and serum Lcn2, and higher serum SAA than the control group. Collectively, guar gum failed to protect against CR-induced colonic pathology. Altogether, the work demonstrates that guar gum feeding may exacerbate colonic inflammation following immune-hyperactivation, chemical, and infectious injury. Cautioning IBD patients to monitor their consumption of guar gum fiber might be a way to reduce the severity of intestinal inflammation.
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Martin, Patricia Y., and Charles Glisson. "Perceived Structure: Welfare Organizations in Three Societal Cultures." Organization Studies 10, no. 3 (1989): 353–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/017084068901000304.
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This paper replicates Glisson and Martin's (1980) study of social welfare organizations (SWOs) in St. Louis, Missouri (U.S.A.), with data from two samples of Pacific Island cultures, Guam and Oahu, Hawaii. We test the culture-free vs. culture-specific arguments about the effects of societal culture on internal structure. Our structural dimensions are formalization and centralization. They are measured as perceptions (regime) of social service workers rather than form that is officially prescribed. As expected, Guam and Oahu SWOs are smaller and younger than those in St. Louis. Guam SWOs are the most formalized and centralized; Oahu SWOs do not differ structurally from those in St. Louis. Multivariate regression results show that culture/locale significantly predicts formalization (Guam SWOs are the most formal ized) and both culture/locale and size predict centralization. Significant interaction effects were discovered, prompting rejection of the culture-free argument: larger size leads to more formalization in Oahu and St. Louis but to less in Guam; higher average worker tenure leads to more centralization in St. Louis but to less in Oahu. Alternative interpretations and implications of the results are considered.
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Massucco, Paola, Luigi Mattiello, Isabella Russo, et al. "High glucose rapidly activates the nitric oxide/cyclic nucleotide pathway in human platelets via an osmotic mechanism." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 93, no. 03 (2005): 517–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th04-06-0375.
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SummaryThe aim was to evaluate whether high glucose influences the nitric oxide (NO)/cyclic nucleotide pathway in human platelets via osmotic stress and to clarify the role of protein kinase C (PKC) in this phenomenon. The study was carried out on 33 healthy lean male volunteers, aged 28.3±1.3 years. NO synthesis was detected as L-citrulline production after L-arginine incubation in platelets incubated for 6 min with 22.0 mM D-glucose and isoosmolar concentrations of mannitol, L-glucose and fructose. To evaluate the influence of PKC, experiments with D-glucose and mannitol were repeated in the presence of the PKC-beta selective inhibitor LY379196, and NO synthesis was detected after a 6-min incubation with phorbol 12-mirystate 13-acetate (PMA), a non-selective PKC activator. Platelet content of guano-sine-3’, 5’-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) and adenosine-3’, 5’-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) was measured by radio-immunoassay in platelets incubated with iso-osmolar concentrations of D-glucose, mannitol, L-glucose and fructose. NO-dependence of cyclic nucleotide enhancements was evaluated by inhibiting NO synthase and guanylate cyclase. Platelet aggregation to ADP and collagen was evaluated in Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) in the presence of a 6-min incubation with D-glucose and mannitol, both without and with LY379196 and the guany-late cyclase inhibitor (H-[1, 2, 4]Oxadiazolo [4, 3-a]quinoxaline-1-one)(ODQ). Iso-osmolar concentrations of D-glucose, mannitol, L-glucose and fructose, and PMA increased NO production (p=0.0001). Effects of D-glucose and mannitol were blunted by LY379196. D-glucose and mannitol enhanced platelet cGMP and cAMP (p=0.0001) with a mechanism blunted by NO synthase and guanylate-cyclase inhibition, but did not modify platelet aggregation. In conclusion, glucose activates the NO/cyclic nucleotide pathway in human platelets with an osmotic mechanism mediated by PKC-beta.
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Banerjee, Somdatta. "Book Review: Benny Teh Cheng Guan, ed., Human Security: Securing East Asia’s Future." Jadavpur Journal of International Relations 17, no. 1 (2013): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973598414524129.
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Rapadas, Juan M. "Transmission of Violence: The Legacy of Colonialism in Guam and the Path to Peace." Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology 1, no. 2 (2007): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/prp.1.2.33.
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AbstractThe Western Pacific island of Guam, located in Micronesia has a long history of colonisation. Through centuries of warfare, violence, disease, subjugation, and disregard for basic human rights and freedom, the indigenous Chamoru people have been wounded and defeated in innumerable ways. They have persevered and survived throughout the centuries, despite their traumatic history, but not without consequences. This theoretical article explores those consequences and the traumatic ‘debris’ within the context of traumatology and post-traumatic stress disorder literature, the Jewish Holocaust experience, and the modern sociopolitical atmosphere on Guam. Finally, some recommendations that have themes of empowerment, reparations, cultural renaissance, and rebirth are offered to restore balance and peace to the lives of the native Chamoru of today's Guam.
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Liu, Yu-Huei, Meng-Luen Li, Meng-Yu Hsu, et al. "Effects of a Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guan-Jen-Huang (Aeginetia indicaLinn.), on Renal Cancer Cell Growth and Metastasis." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/935860.
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Aeginetia indicaLinn. (Guan-Jen-Huang, GJH), a traditional Chinese herb, has the potential to be an immunomodulatory agent. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of GJH in the treatment of renal cancer. Concentration-effect curves for the influence of GJH on cellular proliferation showed a biphasic shape. Besides, GJH had a synergistic effect on cytotoxicity when combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)which may be due to the alternation of the chemotherapeutic agent resistance-related genes and due to the synergistic effects on apoptosis. In addition, treatment with GJH extract markedly reduced 786-O cell adherence to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and decreased 786-O cell migration and invasion. In a xenograft animal model, GJH extract had an inhibitory effect on tumor cell-induced metastasis. Moreover, western blot analysis showed that the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in 786-O cells was significantly decreased by treatment with GJH extract through inactivation of nuclear factor-κB (NF--κB). These results suggest that GJH extract has a synergistic effect on apoptosis induced by chemotherapeutic agents and an inhibitory effect on cell adhesion, migration, and invasion, providing evidence for the use of water-based extracts of GJH as novel alternative therapeutic agents in the treatment of human renal cancer.
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El-Sawah, Ahmed M., Ali El-Keblawy, Dina Fathi Ismail Ali, et al. "Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Enhance Soil Key Enzymes, Plant Growth, Seed Yield, and Qualitative Attributes of Guar." Agriculture 11, no. 3 (2021): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11030194.
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Guar is an economically important legume crop that is used for gum production. The clean and sustainable production of guar, especially in newly reclaimed lands, requires biofertilizers that can reduce the use of mineral fertilizers, which have harmful effects on human health and the environment. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of biofertilizers produced from Bradyrhizobium sp., Bacillus subtilis, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), individually or in combinations, on microbial activity, and nutrients of the soils and the guar growth and seed quality and yield. The application of biofertilizers improved shoot length, root length, number of branches, plant dry weight, leaf area index (LAI), chlorophyll content, and nutrient uptake of guar plants compared with the control plants. Moreover, the application with biofertilizers resulted in an obvious increase in seed yield and has improved the total proteins, carbohydrates, fats, starch, and guaran contents in the seeds. Additionally, biofertilizer treatments have improved the soil microbial activity by increasing dehydrogenase, phosphatase, protease, and invertase enzymes. Soil inoculation with the optimized doses of biofertilizers saved about 25% of the chemical fertilizers required for the entire guar growth stages. Our results could serve as a practical strategy for further research into integrated plant-microbe interaction in agriculture.
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Nguyen, Tho Ngoc. "CHANGE AND EMPOWERMENT IN THE CULT OF GUAN GONG IN SOUTHERN VIETNAM." Scientific Journal of Tra Vinh University 1, no. 27 (2019): 56–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.35382/18594816.1.27.2017.130.
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Cultural practice is a kind of expression and reflection of real livelihood into human mind and experience, is a set of knowledge, values, faiths and social standards constructed by the whole community; therefore, it contains the rhythm and breath of life and can be changed to meet the demands. Regarding socialenvironment, the communities always keep going on the processes of developing and diversifying their culture through acculturation, exchange and localization, which finally constructs the social norms, goals and driving forces for their advancement. Among various approaches and methodologies, the change in empowerment in cultural practices actively offers the optimized values in functional standardization and implementation. The final value is undoubtedly the social capital. This research is to investigate the introduction, development, change and empowerment of the Chinese-rooted Guan Gong belief in Vietnam, through which emphasizes the process and nature of the cult during the deep absorption in Vietnamese history of anti-foreign invasions throughout the last two centuries, and enriches local values of a characteristic belief and a symbolic icon of multicultural exchanges in Vietnam, especially in the Southern region. Thispaper applies the theories of deconstruction and empowerment under cultural studies perspective in order to analyze and explain the processes of deconstruction, restructuring and empowerment in the cult of Guan Gong in Southern Vietnam as well as extract the regular principle of cultural exchanges locally.
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Musbah, Muhamad, Rahmi Fitriawati AM, Yeldi S. Adel, and Muliadin Muliadin. "EMULSI KAYA OMEGA-3 DAN SQUALENEDARI KOMBINASI MINYAK IKAN SARDIN DAN CUCUT." Jurnal Pengolahan Pangan 3, no. 1 (2018): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31970/pangan.v3i1.8.
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Sardine fish oil contains essential omega-3 fatty acids, EPA (Eikosapentanoat Acid) and DHA (Dokosaheksaenoat Acid) which have an important role for human health. In addition to omega-3 fatty acids there is also a squalen obtained from liver of sharkoils that have considerable benefits to human health as inhibitor cancer, diabetes and endurance. The combination of sardine oil rich omega-3 and squalen from shark oils into commercial emulsified products is underresearch. This research aims to make emulsion formulation fish oils rich of omega-3 and squaleneby treating the guar gum emulsifier concentration. Based on the stability test parameters and droplet / globula size the best emulsion product was produced on a formula with guar gum concentration of 1.1%.
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Li, Linlin, Joseph G. Victoria, Chunlin Wang, et al. "Bat Guano Virome: Predominance of Dietary Viruses from Insects and Plants plus Novel Mammalian Viruses." Journal of Virology 84, no. 14 (2010): 6955–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00501-10.
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ABSTRACT Bats are hosts to a variety of viruses capable of zoonotic transmissions. Because of increased contact between bats, humans, and other animal species, the possibility exists for further cross-species transmissions and ensuing disease outbreaks. We describe here full and partial viral genomes identified using metagenomics in the guano of bats from California and Texas. A total of 34% and 58% of 390,000 sequence reads from bat guano in California and Texas, respectively, were related to eukaryotic viruses, and the largest proportion of those infect insects, reflecting the diet of these insectivorous bats, including members of the viral families Dicistroviridae, Iflaviridae, Tetraviridae, and Nodaviridae and the subfamily Densovirinae. The second largest proportion of virus-related sequences infects plants and fungi, likely reflecting the diet of ingested insects, including members of the viral families Luteoviridae, Secoviridae, Tymoviridae, and Partitiviridae and the genus Sobemovirus. Bat guano viruses related to those infecting mammals comprised the third largest group, including members of the viral families Parvoviridae, Circoviridae, Picornaviridae, Adenoviridae, Poxviridae, Astroviridae, and Coronaviridae. No close relative of known human viral pathogens was identified in these bat populations. Phylogenetic analysis was used to clarify the relationship to known viral taxa of novel sequences detected in bat guano samples, showing that some guano viral sequences fall outside existing taxonomic groups. This initial characterization of the bat guano virome, the first metagenomic analysis of viruses in wild mammals using second-generation sequencing, therefore showed the presence of previously unidentified viral species, genera, and possibly families. Viral metagenomics is a useful tool for genetically characterizing viruses present in animals with the known capability of direct or indirect viral zoonosis to humans.
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Sowunmi, Akinleye, Vincent E. Efeovbokhan, Oyinkepreye D. Orodu, Oluwasanmi Olabode, and Alma Oputa. "Comparative Study of Biopolymer Flooding: A Core Flooding and Numerical Reservoir Simulator Validation Analysis." Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 2022 (February 24, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9420899.
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Polymers increase the macroscopic efficiency of the flooding process and increase crude oil recovery. The viscosity of 3 polymers xanthan, guar, and Arabic gums is measured in the lab and experimented with as EOR options. Xanthan and guar gum polymers are measured in weight percentages of 0.1, 0.2, 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, and 1, while gum Arabic is measured in 0.4, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, and 15 weight percentages. The viscosity experiments showed that gum Arabic had the lowest viscosity at 15% wt. Xanthan gum and guar gum had significantly higher viscosities than gum Arabic at corresponding weight percentages. At the same weight of 0.5%, xanthan, guar, and Arabic gums recorded a 63%, 53%, and 46% oil recovery, respectively. Due to the limitations surrounding core flooding experiments such as human error, equipment failure, and measurement of oil recoveries, it is necessary to validate the results obtained with other methods such as reservoir simulation. A reservoir model is built (using Eclipse) and incorporated with polymer and viscosity functions measured in the lab to validate results from the core flooding experiments. Peak oil recovery of 9.96%, 9.95%, and 9.90% was recorded for xanthan, guar, and Arabic gum, respectively, at a weight percentage of 0.5% weight. Also, increasing the wt% of injected polymers increases oil recovery. Results also indicate that the trend of oil recoveries during core flooding follows that observed during reservoir simulation and oil production increased as percentage weight increased for all the polymer cases considered.
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Nair, Divek VT, Devendra Paudel, Divya Prakash, and Vishal Singh. "Food Additive Guar Gum Aggravates Colonic Inflammation in Experimental Models of Inflammatory Bowel Disease." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (2021): 1142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab061_026.
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Abstract Objectives Guar gum, a soluble fiber, is commonly used as a thickener, stabilizer, and source of fiber in processed foods. The food industry has been encouraged to fortify foods with refined guar gum due to its numerous beneficial effects on the human gut and metabolic health. However, we have limited knowledge on whether processed guar gum holds the same physiological effects as its naturally occurring counterpart. In this study, we examined the impact of refined guar gum on intestinal inflammation. Methods We employed three different experimental models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)—(1) immune hyperactivity [IL-10 receptor (IL-10R) neutralization], (2) epithelial injury [dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)], and 3) infection [Citrobacter rodentium (CR)]- mediated inflammation—to elucidate the effect of refined guar gum on IBD comprehensively. The colitis development was examined by serological, histological, and immunological parameters. Results Wild-type (WT, C57BL/6) mice receiving guar gum (7.5% w/w) containing diet (GuD) along with α-IL-10R displayed severe colonic inflammation—as characterized by an enlarged spleen, thickening of the colon, and elevated systemic [serum amyloid A (SAA), lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) and keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC)] and colonic [Lcn2 and interleukin (IL)-1β] markers of inflammation—when compared to mice fed control (cellulose) diet. Histological examination of colonic sections displayed distorted and elongated crypt structure and reduced goblet cells. Inline, GuD-fed mice maintained on DSS (1.4% w/v) for seven days exhibited relatively worsened colitis compared to the control diet-fed group. Specifically, GuD-fed mice showed a more abrupt loss in body weight, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, shortening of colon length, and heightened proinflammatory cytokines, including KC, SAA, and Lcn2. In contrast to what we observed with immune hyperactivation and epithelial injury models, GuD did not exacerbate the CR-induced infectious colitis; however, no sign of protection was evident in the GuD-fed group. Conclusions This study collectively demonstrates that refined guar gum may heighten the intestinal inflammation in patients with IBD. Funding Sources This work is supported by a Career Development Award from the Crohn's & Colitis Foundation.
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Norasyifah, Norasyifah, Muhammad Ilyas Ilyas, Tuti Herlina Wati Wati, Kani Kani, and Mahdiannoor Mahdiannoor. "PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL PISANG MULI (Musa acuminata L.) DENGAN PEMBERIAN PUPUK ORGANIK GUANO." ZIRAA'AH MAJALAH ILMIAH PERTANIAN 44, no. 2 (2019): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.31602/zmip.v44i2.1844.
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Banana plants are plants that from the roots to the leaves can be used for human purposes. But the quantity and quality of production is still low, to increase production, it needs special treatment with fertilization. In addition to being a banana producer, Balangan Regency also has the potential for guano fertilizer. The purpose of this study was (i) to find out the growth and yield of muli bananas by guano organic fertilizer (ii) to get the best dose of guano organic fertilizer for optimal growth and yield of muli banana. This research was conducted in Kambiyain Village, Tebing Tinggi District, Balangan Regency, South Kalimantan Province, from March 2018 - May 2019. This experiment used a single randomized block design (RBD), the factor studied was the administration of various doses of guano fertilizer (G) consisting of 4 levels , namely: g1 = 10 tons. ha-1 is equivalent to 3.3 kg. 1, g2 = 15 tons. ha-1 is equivalent to 4.95 kg. 1, g3 = 20 tons. ha-1 is equivalent to 6 , 6 kg. -1, g4 = 25 tons. ha-1 is equivalent to 8.25 kg. -1. Each experimental treatment consisted of 4 combinations and repeated 6 times, so that 24 experimental units were obtained. Where each experimental unit consists of 2 plants so that the whole plant has 48 plants. The results showed the growth of plant height aged 2, 3 and 4 month after planting (MAP); number of leaves aged 4 MAP; stem diameters 2, 3 and 4 showed a response to the growth of muli banana plants against various doses of guano fertilizer on podsolic fields. In generative growth only affects many fruits per comb, while at flowering time, harvest age, bunch length and many combs do not respond to the administration of various doses of guano fertilizer on podsolic fields. The best dose of guano fertilizer was g4 (25 ton.ha-1) for the growth of mauli banana plants on podsolic fields.
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S, Ramakrishna, and Gopikrishna U. V. "Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Hair Gel." Scholars International Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine 5, no. 2 (2022): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sijtcm.2022.v05i02.002.
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Hair is an imperative part of human body. Due to use of various chemicals and synthetic compounds it usually causes destructive effects. A variety of herbal plants are used to promote hair growth as well as prevent hair loss. The present work is done by formulating hair gel using Guar gum and Jatamansi. Guar gum hydrates the hair by sealing in the moisture, Jatamansi shown to have the hair growth promoting activity. The gel was formulated in two steps, firstly extraction of the powdered rhizome of Nardostachys jatamansi was carried out by using alcohol by reflux condensation. Secondly Guar gum powder is triturated with water until gel consistency is obtained. Then the jatamansi extract was incorporated to this obtained gel. The jatamansi extract contains carbohydrates, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins. The formulation was evaluated for varies physical parameters like pH, viscosity, spreadability, homogeneity, stability studies, skin irritation and washability.
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Mairi, Assia, Abdelaziz Touati, Alix Pantel, et al. "First Report of CC5-MRSA-IV-SCCfus “Maltese Clone” in Bat Guano." Microorganisms 9, no. 11 (2021): 2264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9112264.
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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a widespread pathogen that could cause different illnesses in both human and animals. Presence of MRSA in animals raises concerns of their capacity to act as reservoirs, particularly in wild animals. This study aimed to characterize the resistance and virulence patterns of S. aureus strains isolated from bat guano in Algeria. From March to May 2016, 98 bat guano samples from Aokas’s cave (Bejaia, Algeria) were collected. Swabs were taken for microbiological studies. Isolates were identified by Vitek® MS system, and antibiotic susceptibility was determined by disk diffusion method. The clonal origin, virulence and antibiotic resistance profiles of S. aureus isolates were characterized by whole genome sequencing. Eleven S. aureus strains were obtained from the 98 guano samples. Seven isolates were sensitive to all antibiotics tested and four (36.3%) were resistant to penicillin G, cefoxitin and fusidic acid. The four MRSA isolates were assigned to the sequence type ST149 and related to spa type t010. These isolates harbored a SCCmecIV element and the fusidic acid resistance element Q6GD50 (fusC). They carried different virulence genes including several enterotoxins (sea, egc enterotoxin locus, sec, sel), and the toxic shock syndrome toxin (tst). Our results highlight that bat guano may constitute an important reservoir of MRSA strains.
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Kim, Haksu. "Guam Yi Jeong's Human Network – Knowledge-Cultural Communication Network and the Reality of 'Academic Lineage of Guam'." Journal of T'oegye Studies 152 (December 31, 2022): 201–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.46264/toegye.2022.152.05.
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McBurney, M. I., and L. U. Thompson. "Effect of human faecal inoculum on in vitro fermentation variables." British Journal of Nutrition 58, no. 2 (1987): 233–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19870091.
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1. Homogenized and diluted faeces (66.6 g/l) collected from one human source on three different months was incubated with four standard substrates (oat bran, wheat bran, red kidney beans (Phuseolus vulgaris) and guar gum) for 4, 8, 12 and 24 h.2. Neutral-detergent fibre and organic matter (OM) digestibility measurements and gas production (ml gas/g OM) were influenced by substrate and incubation period but not by day of collection.3. Production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) (mmol/g OM) was a function of substrate and incubation period but not day of collection at 4, 8 and 12 h. Rapidly fermentable substrates such as red kidney beans and guar gum did not ferment beyond 12 h and SCFA values were not different at 24 h.4. Substrates differed in amount, rate and type of SCFA produced.5. The results indicate that human faeces collected on different occasions were sufficiently uniform to yield similar in vitro fermentation findings among collections. Therefore, it is concluded that human faecal material is a practical source of micro-organisms to evaluate the fermentation properties of substrates.
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Nyman, Margareta, Nils-Georg Asp, John Cummings, and Hugh Wiggins. "Fermentation of dietary fibre in the intestinal tract: comparison between man and rat." British Journal of Nutrition 55, no. 3 (1986): 487–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19860056.
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1. The breakdown and faecal bulking capacity of dietary fibre preparations from wheat bran, apple, cabbage, carrot, and guar gum were compared in man and rat.2. The degradation of the fibre showed good correlation between man and rat (r 0.99, regression coefficient 0.86). Wheat bran was the least well-digested, 66 and 59% of the neutral sugars being excreted in faeces of man and rat respectively. The breakdown of the fibre in apple, cabbage, carrot and guar gum was more complete and 4–29% of the neutral sugars were recovered in faeces.3. The main dietary fibre constituents in each preparation were degraded to a similar extent in man and rat. The main dietary fibre constituents of apple, carrot, cabbage and guar gum were almost completely degraded. Of the xylose in wheat bran 45% (man) and 48% (rat) were recovered in faeces. However, the percentage excretion of glucose and arabinose from bran was higher in man.4. A faecal glucan other than cellulose was identified in human faeces after guar gum, and has been provisionally identified as starch. No such glucan occurred in rat faeces.5. A good correlation between the faecal bulking capacity in man and rat was seen (r 0.97, regression coefficient 0.56). Wheat bran had the best bulking capacity, while that of apple, cabbage, carrot and guar gum was less pronounced. Faecal bulking was inversely related to the amount of fibre which was water-soluble in each preparation.6. It is concluded that this rat experimental model is useful for the prediction of fermentative breakdown and bulking capacity of dietary fibre in man. However, more comparative studies are needed to evaluate animal experiments regarding other physiological effects of dietary fibre.
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Kim Yea Ho. "The developmental aspects of Huang-Lao thought, comparing and analyzing in Huang-di-si-jing and He-guan-zi." JOURNAL OF KOREAN PHILOSOPHICAL HISTORY ll, no. 26 (2009): 325–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.35504/kph.2009..26.012.
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Shen, Bin, Jiang Li, Yongtao Tang, Huihua Xu, and Fengyu Li. "An Ultra-Stretchable Sensitive Hydrogel Sensor for Human Motion and Pulse Monitoring." Micromachines 12, no. 7 (2021): 789. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12070789.
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Ionic hydrogels with intrinsic conductivity and stretchability show great potential in flexible electronics. However, it remains a great challenge to achieve hydrogels with mechanical stretchability, ionic conductivity, optical transparency, and a self-healing ability at the same time. In this paper, we developed a hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid (HEDP) assisted poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite hydrogel to achieve high-performance stretch-sensitive sensor. Through a facile freeze–thaw strategy, the hydrogel could achieve large stretchability (up to 950% strain), good conductivity (10.88 S/m), excellent linear sensitivity (GF = 2.72, within 100% strain), high transparency, and significant self-healing ability. The PVA-HEDP hydrogel-based strain sensor is capable of monitoring various human movements from small scale (e.g., laryngeal vibration while speaking) to large scale (e.g., knee joint movement). Moreover, the multisite sensor array is capable of detecting the subtle differences between the pulse wave features from Cun, Guan and Chi positions, mimicking the three-finger palpation in Traditional Chinese Medicine. This work demonstrates that the composite hydrogel-based flexible sensor provides a promising solution for multifunctional human activities and health monitoring.
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Constantine, D. G. "Disease exchange between bats and researchers: problems and precautions." Australian Mammalogy 8, no. 4 (1985): 325–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am85033.
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Extensive surveys of bats have revealed that various species may experience infection by a variety of pathogenic micro-organisms. Of foremost interest to humans are rabies in American bats and histoplasmosis in bats or guano from various parts of the world. Recently, certain African and European bats have been found infected with rabies-like viruses against which rabies vaccine provides little if any protection. Bat researchers may inadvertently introduce microbial pathogens into bat populations. For example, spores of the fungus that causes histoplasmosis might be transferred between bat roosts in guano particles on boots. Pathogenic organisms could be exchanged between species that normally are geographically or ecologically separate when they are caged together. Human pathogens might be introduced into bat populations by infected investigators.
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Track, Norman S., Vincent W. Lai, and Susan S. Chiu. "Guar by-product improves carbohydrate tolerance in healthy human subjects." Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 1, no. 2 (1985): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-8227(85)80037-1.
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Furey, Neil, Paul Racey, Saveng Ith, Van Touch, and Julien Cappelle. "Reproductive Ecology of Wrinkle-Lipped Free-Tailed Bats Chaerephon plicatus (Buchannan, 1800) in Relation to Guano Production in Cambodia." Diversity 10, no. 3 (2018): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d10030091.
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Wildlife populations in Southeast Asia are subject to increasing pressure from climate change, habitat loss and human disturbance. Cave-roosting bats are particularly vulnerable to all three factors. Because of the ecological services they provide, it is important to assess specific vulnerabilities to inform their conservation management. We evaluated the reproductive phenology and body condition of Chaerephon plicatus for 14 months in 2015–2016 and quantified guano harvesting at the largest colony in Cambodia in 2011–2016. As in Thailand and Myanmar, two annual breeding cycles were recorded, characterized as continuous bimodal polyoestry, with parturition primarily occurring in April and October. Significant declines occurred in body condition between the late wet season and the late dry season, suggesting that bats experience increasing energetic stress as the dry season progresses. Annual guano harvests increased over the study period but could not be used as a proxy for monitoring population size due to the loss of unknown amounts during the wet season and unquantified movements of bats between C. plicatus colonies in the region. We recommend studies to determine the scale and drivers of such movements and creation of sustainable guano harvesting and population monitoring initiatives to ensure the conservation of C. plicatus colonies in Cambodia.
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Zhang, Hengfei, Sijin Wu, Weixian Li, Yonghong Wang, Mingli Dong, and Lianxiang Yang. "Precise Detection of Wrist Pulse Using Digital Speckle Pattern Interferometry." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018 (June 7, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4187349.
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Pulse diagnosis is one of the four diagnostic methods of traditional Chinese medicine. However it suffers from the lack of objective and efficient detection method. We propose a noncontact optical method to detect human wrist pulse, aiming at the precise determination of the temporal and spatial distributions of pulse. The method uses the spatial-carrier digital speckle pattern interferometry (DSPI) to measure the micro/nanoscale skin displacement dynamically. Significant improvements in DSPI measurement have been made to allow the DSPI to detect the comprehensive information of the arterial pulsation at locations of Cun, Guan, and Chi. The experimental results prove that the spatiotemporal distributions of pulse can be obtained by the proposed method. The obtained data can be further used to describe most of the pulse parameters such as rate, rhythm, depth, length, width, and contour.
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Pozdniakova, Viktoria А., and Yekaterina S. Aplonova. "Pronouns in Ginyanga." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies 14, no. 2 (2022): 243–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2022.206.
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The paper presents a tentative overview of pronouns in Ginyanga, an understudied Kwa language spoken in Togo and Ghana; in particular, personal pronouns, reflexive pronouns, demonstratives, and quantifiers. There are no subject pronouns in Ginyanga. We define two personal pronoun series with a designated pronoun for each noun class: basic (emphatic and possessive) and object. The basic set of pronouns is used in independent and possessive contexts, as well as in reflexive constructions. The overview of Guang pronoun systems shows that Ginyanga falls into the typical Guang pattern. Possessive pronouns of the 1st (human) class exhibit some irregularities when used with kinship terms. In some cases, the morphological agreement pattern between a noun and its coreferential object pronoun can be violated on a semantic basis, e. g. human referents of non-human noun classes. Additionally, there is some variation in usage of object pronoun series by different consultants of different age groups, which may be an indication of language change. There are two demonstratives, -balɪ “this” and -bʊnʊ “that”, also subject to class agreement. In contrast to -balɪ, the demonstrative -bʊnʊ is also used in relative clauses and can be anaphoric. The majority of quantifiers demonstrate no class agreement. The only exceptions in our data are -kʊ “one” and kpɛkpɛ “each”.
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Jenifer, Preethi, Mangathayaru Kalachaveedu, Arun Viswanathan, Arumugam Gnanamani, and Mubeena. "Fabricated approach for an effective wound dressing material based on a natural gum impregnated with Acalypha indica extract." Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers 33, no. 6 (2018): 612–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883911518801046.
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Although acute wounds are common, treatment for a scarless condition remains limited and ineffective as medicated dressings act only as an epidermal coverage and no interdermal interactions happen. This study examined the benefit of Acalypha indica, a traditionally acclaimed plant for wound healing, as a three-dimensional nanofibrous dressing. guar gum, a natural polysaccharide, was chosen as the raw material, in combination with a synthetic copolymer polyvinyl alcohol. A series of polymer blend nanofibers made of 3:7 of 1% wt guar and 10% wt polyvinyl alcohol along with varied ratios of A. indica were prepared using electrospinning. The effect of cross-linking by citric acid on the nanofibers was studied using Fourier transform infrared. A 5% wt A. indica content was optimized in the electrospun solution to get nanosized morphology, roughness, water absorbing capacity, thermal stability, and tensile strength. The composite material was found inhibitory to both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains as measured by zone of inhibition. The ability of the dressing to support and proliferate human dermal fibroblasts was evaluated by cell proliferation assay and Calcein acetomethyl (AM) staining assay. The results confirmed that the composite dressing could support long-term cell growth in the 9-day cell culture study. The incorporation of A. indica to guar/polyvinyl alcohol composite nanofibers has thus resulted in a wound dressing material with nanosized morphology for mimicking the extracellular matrix, surface roughness for the absorbtion of proteins, swelling capacity for the absorption of exudates, antimicrobial activity for prevention of microbial infections, and cell proliferation activity for the complete wound closure. The electrospun guar/polyvinyl alcohol/ A. indica composite which proved to be a suitable dressing for acute wounds when ascertained in vitro can surely be developed as an ethical plant bioactive wound healant.
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Attele, Anoja S., Sangeeta Mehendale, Xiongfei Guan, Lucy Dey, and Chun-Su Yuan. "Analgesic Effects of Different Acupoint Stimulation Frequencies in Humans." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 31, no. 01 (2003): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x03000795.
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Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) provides a convenient and standardized technique for pain treatment. The cold-pressor test is a simple and reliable model in humans for the induction of tonic pain. In this controlled study, the effects of TEAS on cold pressor-induced pain were evaluated in 22 healthy human subjects. Electrical stimulation at 4 Hz and 32 Hz was applied to He-Gu (LI 4) and Nui-Guan (P 6) acupoints for 15 minutes. Pain score ratings were evaluated at four time points from 30–170 seconds during the cold-pressor test. We observed an analgesic effect at both 4 Hz and 32 Hz of stimulation, and pain score rating reductions were statistically significant compared to control (p < 0.01). Our data support the efficacy of TEAS analgesia. However, there was no significant difference between pain scores at 4 Hz and 32 Hz stimulation.
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Wen, Yuming. "Impacts of Human Activities on Groundwater Quality in Guam, Mariana Islands." International Journal of Environmental, Cultural, Economic, and Social Sustainability: Annual Review 7, no. 5 (2011): 243–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1832-2077/cgp/v07i05/54963.
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Arriaza, Bernardo T. "Spondylolysis in prehistoric human remains from Guam and its possible etiology." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 104, no. 3 (1997): 393–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199711)104:3<393::aid-ajpa8>3.0.co;2-w.
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Xu, Dong, Yan Lin, Rudolf Bauer, et al. "Organoleptic Evaluation of Amomi Fructus and Its Further Background Verified via Morphological Measurement and GC Coupled with E-Nose." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4689767.
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The present study investigated the maneuverability and reasonability of sensory analysis, which has been applied in TCM identification for a long time. Ten assessors were trained and generated the human panel to carry out the organoleptic evaluation of twenty-five batches of Sha-Ren samples. Accordingly, samples were scored from 0 (lowest) to 10 (highest) for sensory attributes. Based on this, samples were divided into three classes: high class (Yang-Chun-Sha from Guang-Dong), moderate class (Yang-Chun-Sha samples from Yun-Nan and Guang-Xi), and low class (Lv-Qiao-Sha from marketplaces). For further background, three instrumental approaches were employed: morphological measurement with three indices (longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter, and 100-fruit weight), GC for determination of bornyl acetate contents, and E-nose for aromatic fingerprint. It is demonstrated in the results that GC and E-nose analyses were in great agreement with organoleptic evaluation. It gives insights into further studies on searching better morphological indicators and improving discriminant model of E-nose.
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Sokol, Ella V., Maxim B. Kozlikin, Svetlana N. Kokh, et al. "Phosphate Record in Pleistocene-Holocene Sediments from Denisova Cave: Formation Mechanisms and Archaeological Implications." Minerals 12, no. 5 (2022): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12050553.
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The distribution of authigenic phosphates in the sedimentary sequence of prehistoric Denisova Cave (Altai, South Siberia) has important archeological implications. The sampled Late Pleistocene–Early Holocene sedimentary sequence in the East Chamber of the cave consists of argilo-sandy-phosphatic sediments intercalated with guano layers of insectivorous bats. The sediments bear partially degraded N-rich organic matter (OM); chitin fragments enriched in S, P, Zn, and Cu; and a set of phosphates. The guano layers record at least three prolonged episodes of cave occupation by colonies of insectivorous bats between 10 kyr and 5 kyr BP, after people had left the cave or visited it rarely in small groups. The formation of phosphates follows the OM biodegradation pathways, with acidic leaching and gradual neutralization of P-rich solutions. The depth profile of authigenic phosphates shows a suite of mineral assemblages that mark a trend from acidic to slightly alkaline pH conditions of guano degradation (from top to bottom): ardealite, taranakite, and leucophosphite corresponding to acidic environments; whitlockite, brushite, and hydroxylapatite, which are stable under slightly acidic and neutral conditions; and hydroxylapatite in coexistence with calcite and stable at the bottom of the leaching profile under alkaline conditions. Authigenic phosphates can be used as reliable indicators of human non-occupation (abandonment) periods of Denisova Cave. Acidic leaching is responsible for disturbance and/or elimination of archaeological and paleontological materials in Late Pleistocene–Early Holocene sediments that were exposed to at least three “acidic waves”.
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Wang, Shihang, Zhinan Zhang, Zhijian Chen, Deqing Mei, and Yancheng Wang. "Development of Pressure Sensor Based Wearable Pulse Detection Device for Radial Pulse Monitoring." Micromachines 13, no. 10 (2022): 1699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13101699.
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Wearable pulse detection devices can be used for daily human healthcare monitoring; however, the relatively poor flexibility and low sensitivity of the pulse detection devices are hindering the scrutiny of pulse information during pulse diagnosis of different pulse positions. This paper developed a novel and wearable pulse detection device based on three flexible pressure sensors using synthetic graphene and silver composites as the pressure sensing material. The structural design of the pulse detection device is firstly presented; the core component of pressure sensors is using the sawtooth protrusions to convert pressure induced by radial pulse vibrations into localized deformation of graphene composites. The fabricated pulse detection device is characterized by high pressure sensing performance, including relatively high sensitivity (8.65% kPa−1), broad sensing range (12 kPa), and good dynamic response with a response time of about 100 ms. Then, the pulse detection device is worn on a human wrist to detect the pulses from three pulse positions, namely, ‘Cun’, ‘Guan’, and ‘Chi’, and the results demonstrated the capability of using our device to detect pulse signals. The physical conditions of the subject, such as arterial stiffness index, can be further analyzed through the characteristics of the acquired pulse signals, demonstrating the potential application of using wearable pulse detection devices for human health monitoring.
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Soares, Rui Silva, Raquel Santos, Eva Cunha, Luís Tavares, Alexandre Trindade, and Manuela Oliveira. "Influence of Storage on the Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of a Nisin-biogel with Potential to be Applied to Diabetic Foot Infections Treatment." Antibiotics 9, no. 11 (2020): 781. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9110781.
Full textAbstract:
Staphylococcus aureus is the most prevalent pathogen in diabetic foot infections (DFIs). In addition to its ability to express several virulence factors, including the formation of recalcitrant biofilms, S. aureus is also becoming increasingly resistant to most antibiotics used in clinical practice. The search for alternative treatment strategies for DFI is urgently needed. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), namely, nisin, are emerging as potential new therapeutics for managing DFIs. Our team has developed a nisin-guar gum biogel to be applied to DFIs. In this study, to confirm its future in vivo applicability, we evaluated the influence of four storage temperatures (−20 °C, 4 °C, 22 °C, and 37 °C) during a 24 months storage period on its antimicrobial activity towards DFI S. aureus, and its cytotoxicity, to a human keratinocyte cell line. When stored at temperatures below 22 °C, the biogel antimicrobial activity was not significantly influenced by storage duration or temperature. Moreover, nisin incorporated within the guar gum biogel exhibited no significant levels of cytotoxicity on human keratinocyte cells, confirming its potential for DFIs therapeutics. In conclusion, results confirm that the nisin-biogel is a potential candidate to be used as an alternative or complement compound for conventional DFI therapeutics.
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Pardede, Oktaviandi, Ranto Manalu, Diwehati Salawajo, Sapriliyani Gulo, Nur Indah Sidebang, and Tabas Siagian. "PROGRAM LIFELONG LEARNING MERDEKA BELAJAR EDUKASI KOGNITIF MEWUJUDKAN SDGS GOAL 4 GUNA MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS SDM DI SLB MEDAN." SCHOOL EDUCATION JOURNAL PGSD FIP UNIMED 12, no. 3 (2022): 168–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/sejpgsd.v12i3.38859.
Full textAbstract:
Lifelong Learning can be experienced by every learning community. Instilling the values of academic education with the aim of improving the quality of Human Resources can trigger schools to seek to optimize innovative learning. Freedom to learn cognitive education as a reference for lifelong learning programs seeks to realize inclusive and equitable quality education. It is believed that the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that spur Indonesia's human development index need to be carried out at the Markus Medan Special School. This program is conducted for Markus SLB students for 1.5 months. The method used is participatory and experimental. During its implementation, students participate in building learning activities, so that data analysis is carried out qualitatively and quantitatively. The collected data is processed interactively and continuously until the data is saturated. The data are also interpreted descriptively through quantitative data measures. The results show that Markus Special School students can participate in cognitive education learning. Continuously, student learning products always influence their learning motivation, especially the results of drawing and motor skills of students. The experimental results showed a significant difference before and after experiencing cognitive education learning activities. As many as 60% of students get test scores above average.
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Ezzat, Shahira M., and Amira Abdel Motaal. "Isolation of New Cytotoxic Metabolites from Cleome droserifolia Growing in Egypt." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 67, no. 5-6 (2012): 266–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2012-5-605.
Full textAbstract:
The sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay was used to assess the cytotoxicity of the aqueous (AqEx) and ethanolic (AlEx) extracts, respectively, of the aerial parts of Cleome droserifolia (Forssk.) Del. against two human cancer cell lines, breast (MCF7) and colon (HCT116) adenocarcinoma. AqEx exhibited higher cytotoxic activity, thus its four subfractions, namely n-hexane (HxFr), chloroform (ClFr), ethyl acetate (EtFr), and n-butanol (BuFr) fractions, were also tested. Purifi cation of the more active ClFr and EtFr yielded nine compounds. Six terpenoids, guai-7(11),8-diene (C1), 1-hydroxy-guai-3,10(14)-diene (C2), 18-hydroxydollabela- 8(17)-ene (C3), (24E)-stigmasta-5,8-dien-3β-ol (C4), teucladiol [1α,5β-guai-10(14)- ene-4β,6β-diol] (C5), and buchariol (4,10-epoxy-6α-hydroxyguaiane) (C6), were isolated from ClFr and three fl avonol glycosides, isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (F1), quercetin- 3`-methoxy-3-O-(4``-acetylrhamnoside)-7-O-α-rhamnoside (F2), and kaempferol-4`-methoxy- 3,7-O-dirhamnoside (F3), were isolated from EtFr. Compounds C3 and F2 are new in nature. The isolated compounds were identifi ed using various spectroscopic methods (UV, IR, 1H NMR,13C NMR, HMQC, HMBC, and COSY). Compounds C1, C3, F2, and F3 showed significant cytotoxic activities against the two tested cell lines comparable to those of the anticancer drug doxorubicin®. The new compound C3 was the most active as it had the lowest IC50 values, (1.9 ± 0.08) and (1.6 ± 0.09) μg/ml corresponding to 6.5 and 5.4 μM, against MCF7 and HCT116 cells, respectively