Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Huile de palme'
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Da, Silva René. "Le marché au comptant et à terme de l'huile de palme : une analyse économique et financière." Orléans, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ORLE0506.
Full textMasson, Corinne. "Étude d'un procédé de neutralisation d'huiles végétales appliqué à la composition d'un carburant diésel." Toulouse, INPT, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986INPT009A.
Full textKoutou, Anatole. "Recherche de marqueurs enzymatiques liés à la teneur en huile de la pulpe du fruit chez le palmier à huile (Elaeis guineensis Jacq)." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20184.
Full textNdayishimiye, Pascal. "Utilisation d'un biocarburant à base d'huile de palme dans les moteurs à combustion interne." Nantes, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NANT2071.
Full textThe physical and chemical properties of palm oil are very similar to those of diesel fuel. Thus, palm oil can be used pure without engine modifications. However, its viscosity remains a major obstacle to its direct use. Therefore, the viscosity must be reduced close to that for diesel fuel. The various methods currently used to reduce the viscosity are expensive and often inaccessible, particularly for the countries, potential producers of palm oil. This work aims to explore alternative ways and methods of treatment less expensive and easy to implement. Various processes (preheating, dilution, transesterification and mixtures) were used and the biofuels made were tested in a diesel engine. The results were analyzed and compared. There is a slight reduction in thermal efficiency and an increase in fuel consumption, but there is a significant reduction of pollutant emissions, except for oxides of nitrogen. In light of these results, all palm oil based fuels made can be used in an unmodified engine without altering their characteristics. The results analysis allowed identifying the mixture which showcases the best benefits in terms of combustion characteristics, performances, pollutant emissions and the production cost. From the results of the economic analysis conducted, the cost of biofuel made shows that the biodiesel production process is not economically viable, at least if diesel price remains at its current level
Abbas, Houria. "Purification et caractérisation d'une lipase extracellulaire issue d'une souche fongique isolée à partir du fruit de palme : application à la synthèse d'esters aromatiques." Aix-Marseille 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX30056.
Full textDuring our screening of lipolytic fungus which may play a role in the acidification of palm oil, we have recently isolated a Mucor sp strain. Culture conditions were optimized and the highest lipase production amounting to 57-62 U/ml was achieved after 6 days of cultivation. The extracellular lipase was purified 1050 fold to a final specific activity of 6600 UI/mg. The structural characterization of the lipase did not showed similarity with the other lipases suggesting that the enzyme may be a new lipase. The ability of Mucor sp lipase immobilized on Amberlite IRC 50 to catalyze the synthesis of flavour esters was investigated in organic media at 35ʿC. Most of the esters were synthesized in good yield (>90%). Rapid and higher conversions of 92% and 98% were observed for methyl caproate and ethyl caproate respectively after 4 h reaction, and a yields of 95%, 100%, 93% were obtained for butyl butyrate, butyl caproate and allyl caproate respectively after 24 h reaction
Ngando, Ebongue Georges Franck. "Etude de la lipase endogène du mésocarpe du fruit du palmier à huile (Elaeis guineensis Jacq. ) : application à la sélection de lignées à faible acidité de l’huile." Bordeaux 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR21616.
Full textMonde, Absalome Ake. "Caractérisation des différentes formes variétales d'huile de palme de Côte d Ivoire : propriétés antioxydantes." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20067/document.
Full textThe purpose of the present study was to determine fatty acid, vitamin E, carotene and polyphenol contents in four oil palm species of Côte d'Ivoire (parental varieties: HP1et HP2, crossing varieties: HP3 and HP4), then to study their polyphenol antioxidant properties. The results showed that palm oil species were characterized by the special richness in polyunsaturated fatty acids composition, with a prevalence in oleic acid, especially the first variety, HP1 (60%), and the two hybrids ensuing from crossing HP3 (56%) and HP4 (57%) compared to HP2 (48%). Total vitamin E content was 864–1124 μg g−1, with a notable higher content of γ -and α-tocotrienol in variety HP2 and hybrids HP3 and HP4. Total carotene content of those varieties was higher, and the β-carotene and α-carotene levels were predominant in HP1, HP3 and HP4. The highest total phenolic contents were found for parental variety HP1, (0.195 mM GAE), the two crossing varieties HP3 and HP4 (0.191mM and 0.2 mM GAE). The main identified phenolic compounds were caffeic, chlorogenic, coumaric acids, rutin, and a non identified quercetin derivative. The antioxidative effects were monitored by Cu2+- or AAPH-induced generation of conjugated dienes (lag-time and oxidation rate) showed that these phenolic compounds inhibit human LDL oxidation in a synergistic manner. The antioxidant activities were significantly more important for HP3 and HP4 varieties compared to HP1 and HP2 varieties. All palm oil polyphenol extracts (compared to control) decreased PMA-stimulated O2•― production by THP-1 cells in a dose dependent manner in the modulation of NADPH oxidase. Using Western blot analysis, we further demonstrated that incubation for 24h of these polyphenol extracts with THP-1 cells led to a significant reduction in the expression of NADPH oxidase subunit p22phox (from 74% for HP1, 87% for HP2, 69% for HP3 and 75% for HP4). Crude palm oil could be considered as a good source of phenolic compounds, in particularly oil resulting from HP3 and HP4 varieties. These protective effects seemed to be more marked with the two crossing varieties in comparison with the two parental varieties
Profitos, Adrian. "Pluralisme juridique et dynamiques foncières émergentes à Sabah, Malaysia : paysanneries locales, huile de palme et développement." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/19726.
Full textVuillequez, Anaïs. "Stabilité physique de mélanges complexes à caractère cristallin et amorphe : application à l'huile de palme et à la poudre de lait." Rouen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ROUES045.
Full textThis report has been realized in the general context of the food-processing problem which concerns the control of product transformations during steps of manufacturing and storage. Following the physical state in which the product appears, these transformations can be of two kinds. In amorphous metastable state, transformations are associated with crystallization, while if the product is in glass state, it evolutions concern the ageing phenomena during which the system relax towards his state of balance. These two aspects are approached in this work. Differential scanning calorimetry measures show that two major ingredients of the studied foodstuff, the Plumpy’nut, present structural modifications in the domain of manufacturing and storage temperature. The first one, palm oil presents low-temperature liquid-crystal transitions whereas the second, milk powder is glassy at room temperature and change to over-melted state at high-temperature. These two compounds are the object of a detailed study of their stability property presented in this report
Hiol, Abel. "Contribution à l'étude de deux lipases extracellulaires issues de souches fongiques isolées à partir du fruit de palme." Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX30034.
Full textHetcheli, Follygan. "Place du palmier à huile dans le milieu rural traditionnel et dans les dynamiques de développement au Togo : cas de la région des plateaux." Aix-Marseille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX10086.
Full textDjohan, Youzan Ferdinand. "Influence d’un régime riche en huile de palme sur le statut antioxydant, la fonction mitochondriale et les désordres métaboliques associés à l'obésité." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTT035/document.
Full textPalm oil is the most consumed vegetable oil in the world. Because of its high content of saturated fatty acids (SFA), particularly palmitic acid, this oil is considered by some authors as potentially harmful to health. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of palm oil (red or olein), olive oil (considered good for health) and lard (rich in SFA), on health. To do this, 40 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups of 8 rats each: 1 control group et 4 groups fed by high fat diet (HFD) containing respectively red palm oil, palm olein, olive oil or lard. After 12 weeks of diet, the rats were sacrificed and the tissues removed. Tissue tests have shown that palm oil (red or olein) induces an antioxidant status and a lipid profile superimposed on those of olive oil. All HFD contributed to weight gain, impaired mitochondrial function, and disturbance of carbohydrate metabolism by the induction of insulin resistance. The study shows that olive oil is more deleterious to the liver than palm oil (red or olein) and lard. Apart from red palm oil, palm olein, olive oil and lard negatively influence adipose tissue. Studies on the aorta have shown that the vascular effects of palm oil are less deleterious to the aorta than lard and olive oil.Overall, the results of this study show that harmfull effects of palm oil (red or olein) were not worse than that of olive oil on organ that were analyzed
Laborbe, Jean-Marie. "Valorisation microbiologique de sous-produits et d'excédents de l'industrie des corps gras : pâtes de neutralisation, huile de palme." Montpellier 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON13512.
Full textVoituriez, Tancrède. "L'huile de palme et son marché : la modélisation de la volatilité." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010029.
Full textNkongho, Raymond. "Les conditions du développement durable des plantations villageoises de palmiers à huile au Cameroun." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MON30078/document.
Full textThe collapse of the FONADER sponsored partnership between oil palm smallholders and major agro-industries in Cameroon together with the structural adjustment program, the devaluation of the Franc CFA, the economic crises, as well as the fall in the international market price for cocoa and coffee, led to the emergence of independent oil palm producers in the country. These oil palm planters have been grappling with the management of their plantation and the processing of their FFB with the use of artisanal mills. But the numerous difficulties faced by these smallholders are translated into very low yields registered in their plantations. In the light of the recent interest expressed by new agro-industries to invest in the oil palm sector in Cameroon, and the decision by old companies to expand their surface areas, the study notes that in order to mitigate some of the social and environmental crises that result from land conflicts and forest degradation, the most sustainable approach to develop the sector will be to revamp win-win and equitable partnerships between oil palm planters and agro-industries.In Cameroon, four of the seven palm oil production basins carved out during the FONADER partnership scheme where selected for our study sites. They included Eseka in the Center region, Dibombari in the Littoral region, Muyuka and Lobe in the Southwest region. The respective agro-industries were Socapalm, Cameroon Development Corporation (CDC) and Pamol. In Malaysia and Indonesia, the study sites were the FELDA scheme of Besout in the district of Batang Padang, the PIR and KKPA scheme of PT SAL in the district of Bungo, the KKPA scheme of PT Megasawindo and PT Musim Mas in the district of Bungo and Pelalawan respectively. Data collection was organized through the administration of semi-guided questionnaires, secondary data sourcing, personal communication with different stakeholders in the sector, focus group discussions, internet and library search, as well as field observation visits.The study looked at the origine and evolution of partnership schemes between oil palm smallholders and agro-industries, what was right, what went wrong in the course of time, and why most partnerships collapsed. The study further looked at the strengths and weaknesses of today's independent oil palm smallholders and the reasons why these smallholders prefer to process their FFB in artisanal mills despite the presence of agro-industrial mills at the vicinity of their plantations. The study further drew inspiration on the positive and negative experiences of major schemes in Malaysia and Indonesia which have boosted production in their oil palm sector through case studies as well as through a participatory prospective analysis workshop in Cameroon on the future of the palm oil sector, as a way to generate policy recommendation on the way forward for future partnership schemes between oil palm smallholders and agro-industries in Cameroon.Keywords: Partnership, FONADER, FELDA, PIR, KKPA, agro-industry, smallholder, outgrower schemes
Amoussa, Hounkpatin Waliou B. A. "Évaluation du potentiel de couverture des besoins en vitamine A des jeunes enfants à partir des sauces accompagnant les aliments de base consommés au Bénin." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20160/document.
Full textThe identification and the improvement of the potential in pro-vitamins A of sauces accompanying staple foods could constitute a food-based approach for combating vitamin A deficiency (VAD) among young children in Benin. The nutritional quality and the retention of pro-vitamins A in sauces during traditional home processing has been assessed by using a field-laboratory iterative approach. Anthropometric measurements were used to appreciate subjects' nutritional status. A food consumption survey of 420 young children was conducted to assess the adequacy of iron, zinc and vitamin A (VA) intakes, and to identify the main VA-rich foods eaten by children using the weighed food record method. Mangoes, eggs, red palm oil (RPO), various leafy vegetables (LV) and palm nut juice sauces appeared to be the main VA-rich foods consumed by 34.2% investigated children. When consumed, these LV sauces containing RPO or palm nut juice (PNJ) contributed to the meeting of 71-129% of the recommended VA intake of young children. The traditional processing method of the most promising sauces such as amaranth leaf sauces based on RPO or PNJ was monitored step by step during home visits and allowed identifying the thermal treatments applied to LV, to palm nut or to RPO as critical steps. Heating the RPO at 180-200°C appears as the more prejudicial step to VA. It decreased more than 70% and in less than 3 min, α-carotene, β-carotene and Retinol Activity Equivalent (RAE) contents. Violaxanthin, a non pro-VA carotenoid, was the only compound to be significantly affected by the thermal treatment (100°C) of amaranth leaves. RAE remained high after blanching even when alkaline traditional potash was added. The formulated sauces on the basis of the ingredients LV-amaranth, palm nut or RPO present a good acceptability, a high RAE and their consumption could be promoted favorably in food-based strategies to alleviate VAD
Ruysschaert, Denis. "Le rôle des organisations de conservation dans la construction et la mise en œuvre de l'agenda international de conservation d'espèces emblématiques : le cas des orangs-outans de Sumatra." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00951940.
Full textMontoya, Jaramillo Carmenza. "Etude du déterminisme génétique de la composition en acides gras de l’huile de palme du genre Elaeis (E. guineensis et E. oleifera) par cartographie génétique et analyse différentielle de gènes candidats." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20007.
Full textAn Elaeis interspecific pseudo-backcross of first generation (E. oleifera x E. guineensis) x E. guineensis allowed tracing segregating alleles from both Elaeis genomes. Nineteen quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated to palm oil fatty acid proportions compared to 16 QTLs of same traits in an intra-specific oil palm cross evidenced common or specific QTLs in E. guineensis and E. oleifera. No correlation was found in oil palm between mesocarp fatty acid proportions and yieldtraits. The genetic determinism of main fatty acid proportions was confirmed. Genes related to palm oil fatty acids were investigated using full-length cDNA libraries and mRNA extracts from the mesocarp of developing fruits in each Elaeis species represented by four genetic pools. Expression of 113 key Elaeis genes or putative regulation factors of de novo fatty acid and triacylglycerol pathways were characterized at species level by in silico transcript profiling and Real Time RT-qPCR analysis. Genes were mapped on the pseudo-backcross using 180 intra-gene SNP markers. Forty-eight genes were differentially expressed between Elaeis species, with 94% over expressed in E. guineensis. The EgAP2-2 (WRI1-like) transcription factor might influence the start of the de novo fatty acid pathway by main action only on the MAT and KAS III genes, as independent in expression from other genes and not differential between species. Between species variations in C16:0 and C18:0 can be deciphered by relative expression levels and enzyme activities of the isoforms in the genome of FATB (2), KAS II (1) and SAD (3). An oil palm producing more oleic acid in proportion than pure E. oleifera is feasible
Zagre, Noël Marie. "Projet pilote d'introduction de l'huile de palme non raffinée comme source de vitamine A au Burkina Faso : évaluation de l'impact." Montpellier 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON20066.
Full textAwala, Hussein. "Synthèse des nanoparticules de zéolithe pour des applications environnementales." Caen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CAEN2012.
Full textZeolite nanoparticles with diverse pore architectures, high external surface area, micro/mesoporosity, define particle size and morphology open the door for advanced applications. In addition to catalysis, separation and ion exchange processes, nanosized zeolites assembled in films and three-dimensional constructs are used as optical devices, separation membranes and reactors for immobilization of chemical sensitive compounds. In this work the synthesis procedure for nanosized zeolites (FAU and EMT- framework types) from organic-template-free precursor suspensions is developed. Besides, seed-assisted approach is applied for preparation of high silica BEA-type zeolite. In addition, environmentally friendly synthesis of nanosized zeolites at ambient condition using rice husk ash as a silica source is developed. The crystallization and transformation processes of eight zeolites in organic-free precursor suspensions are studied in details. Finally, the applications of nanosized zeolites for (1) purification of water (removal of heavy metals and pesticides), (2) stabilization of methylene blue, (3) inhibition of palm oil oxidation, (4) Bragg stacks chemical sensors, and (5) antireflection coatings are demonstrated
Djouob, Martin. "Relation entre rendement du travail et l'état socio-sanitaire d'une population : cas des récolteurs de noix de palme des palmeraies de Ouesso (Congo)." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO10073.
Full textMuderhwa, Jean Mulimbi. "Biofaçonnement des huiles végétales par interesterification enzymatique, catalysée par des lipases régio-sélectives 1,3 : valorisation de l'huile de palme et de sa fraction concrète." Montpellier 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON20226.
Full textDu, Qin. "Optimisation des profils lipidiques du cerveau de rats déficients en oméga-3 au sevrage par l'utilisation de matière grasse laitière : conséquences au niveau du lipidome." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX20717/document.
Full textThe accretion of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in brain membranes mainly occurs around delivery and during the first two years of life. One of the main goals of neonatal nutrition is to optimize the incorporation of n-3 long chain polyinsaturate fatty acids (LC-PUFA) into the central nervous system, including DHA. Our goal was to study the impact of several kinds of diets based on dairy-fat to improve the n-3 LC-PUFA bioconversion and DHA accretion into brain. The other endpoint was to assess if beyond the brain fatty acid profiles, the dietary intakes would bring about a wider effect such as the one that can be appreciated through a lipidomic approach.We compared the nutritional effect of dairy-fat based diets to that of palm-oil based diets in the rat reproductive model. Mother rats were made deficient in α-linoleic acid (ALA) (0.4% of fatty acids (FA) for 6 weeks prior to mating and throughout gestation and lactation. After weaning, the resulting deficient 40 rat pups of either gender were split into 4 groups and received 10% fat diets made with either 1.5%ALA palm oil blend (P1), same added with 0.12% DHA and 0.4% arachidonic acid (ARA) (P2) , 1.5% ALA dairy-fat blend (B1) or 2.5% ALA dairy-fat blend (B2). The brain, red blood cell (RBC) and plasma fatty acid profiles were analyzed and treated using multivariate statistics. B1 was superior to both palm-oil based diets to improve the brain DHA contents (14.4% increase, P < 0.05). B2 brought an additional benefit for this parameter. The brain DHA contents in males were significantly lower than for the female because of a diet x gender interaction. This effect was smoothed with the dairy-fat diets or the palm-oil based diet augmented with preformed DHA.We calculated a new fatty acid index to predict the brain DHA contents, based on the fatty acid profiles measured in RBC and plasma, and which demonstrated a better performance than the existing published index. For the first time, we showed a profound and yet unsuspected effect of diets until now on the brain lipidome (lipids molecular species), affecting about 15% of the features detected. These changes were ascribed to the cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism, and to the lipid messengers, among others.In conclusion, our data appear highly relevant to improve infant formulas. The first use of the lipidomic approach in neonatal nutrition open the paths of new researches in the area of infant nutrition
Milovich, Finkelstein Juliana Yael. "Three Essays on Poverty and Well-Being in Developing Countries." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://faraway.parisnanterre.fr/login?url=http://bdr.parisnanterre.fr/theses/intranet/2019/2019PA100136/2019PA100136.pdf.
Full textThe research developed in this Thesis seeks to provide greater understanding on the determinants of poverty and well-being in developing countries and, by doing so, to highlight several paths to achieve the two first Sustainable Development Goals of the Agenda 2030. Starting with national data, to deepen the analysis using individual and household level data, this Thesis explores the types of social deprivations that characterize poverty and the factors that have a significant impact on some of them such as the nutritional health of children. It begins with a macroeconomic analysis for 64 developing economies, to continue with an analysis based on survey data for Guatemala, and finalizes with an impact evaluation using more specific individual data from a health program implemented by the Foundation FUNDAP in the western regions of the same country. More precisely, Chapter 1 analyses the relationship between development aid and poverty reduction, a topic for which previous studies have not yet produced conclusive results. Chapter 2 aims to understand and evaluate to what extent the expansion of african palm crop in Guatemala (agro-export sector) contributes to increasing food insecurity, as measured by higher child undernutrition. The last study presented in Chapter 3, seeks to evaluate the impact of a nutritional intervention in West Guatemala, called « Volunteers in Health », which operates at the community level and builds capacity by training individuals (90% women) on issues related to child nutrition and basic nursing
Pardon, Lénaïc. "Modelling of the nitrogen budget of oil palm plantations to help reduce losses to the environment. Case study in Sumatra, Indonesia." Thesis, Paris, Institut agronomique, vétérinaire et forestier de France, 2017. https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/52952/1/52952-pardon-2017-thesis.pdf.
Full textPardon, Lénaïc. "Modelling of the nitrogen budget of oil palm plantations to help reduce losses to the environment. Case study in Sumatra, Indonesia." Thesis, Paris, Institut agronomique, vétérinaire et forestier de France, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IAVF0018/document.
Full textHumanity faces the challenges of urgently decreasing the environmental impact of agriculture, shifting diets and increasing food production. Oil palm is a tropical perennial crop emblematic of these challenges. While its cultivation can be associated with environmental impacts, oil palm can produce 3 to 7 t of edible oil ha-1 in optimal conditions, which is 7 to 10 fold higher than in annual oil crops. In this context, improving palm oil production sustainability is crucial for both reducing negative environmental impacts and ensuring food security. Application of synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilisers was identified as a major source of environmental impacts associated with the cultivation of oil palm. Life cycle assessments of palm oil have already been performed to help quantify impacts and identify potential improvements of management practices. However, the only available emission models to estimate N losses to environment are generally valid for annual crops and temperate climate conditions. The use of such general models in life cycle assessment may lead to very uncertain results or to low sensitivity of assessments to management practices. The overall objective of this research work was to help identify management practices to reduce N losses in the environment. The core of the work was hence to develop a model that estimates all N losses in oil palm plantations, while being sensitive to management practices. The study focused on N fluxes in industrial oil palm plantations on mineral soils. We performed four steps in order to complete the objectives of this research work. First, we conducted a literature review of all the existing knowledge about N fluxes and losses in plantations. Second, we compared 11 existing models that may be used to predict N losses in plantations. Third, we performed an in-depth Morris’s sensitivity analysis of one of the models, the APSIM-Oil palm process-based model. Fourth, we used all the information identified in the previous chapters, together with expert knowledge, to build IN-Palm, an agri-environmental indicator for N losses in oil palm plantations. We used the INDIGO® method and the fuzzy decision tree modelling approach to develop IN-Palm, and we validated this indicator using a field dataset of N leaching from a plantation in Sumatra, Indonesia. Our literature review and model comparison showed that oil palm peculiarities may impact significantly N dynamics and losses. We identified research gaps and uncertainties about N losses, their drivers and the modelling of oil palm peculiarities. We identified the main drivers of N losses and yield in the APSIM-Oil palm processbased model. We built IN-Palm, which uses 21 readily available input variables to estimate each N loss pathway. IN-Palm predictions of N leaching were acceptable, and IN-Palm has shown efficient to help testing management changes. This research constitutes a comprehensive synthesis of the available knowledge and models for N fluxes and losses in oil palm plantations. One of the main results is a novel agri-environmental indicator, IN-Palm, operationally-oriented, sensitive to local practices and environmental conditions, as well as potentially useable as an emission model for holistic approaches such as life cycle assessment. The INDIGO® method and fuzzy decision tree modelling approach were shown to be very well adapted for building agri-environmental indicators in contexts of knowledge scarcity. This indicator can be a useful base for further research about using agrienvironmental indicators to reduce uncertainty in life cycle assessment, and for future adaptations for other tropical perennial crops
Hudiyono, Pws Sumi. "Analyse de matières grasses hydrogénées et influence de l'oxydation sur les compositions et propriétés physiques du beurre de cacao." Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD452.
Full textShukat, Rizwan. "Contribution des nanostructures dans les agrégats protéiques et d’émulsions stabilisées par des protéines en vue de la protection de vitamine." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AGPT0042.
Full textWe investigated effects of processing conditions for the preparation of protein aggregates and protein-stabilized lipid droplets, as matrix carriers of sensitive lipophilic bioactive compounds, with α-tocopherol as a model. Protein-based matrices were formed from whey protein concentrate (6 wt% WPC, pH 6.5 and 65 to 75°C), in presence or absence of 4% α-tocopherol. Mixing the protein solutions without or with α-tocopherol (65°C for 15 min) led to changes in particle surface charges (from -42 to -51 mV) and sizes (from 183 to 397 nm). These parameters decreased more under further high pressure homogenisation at 1200 bar than 300 bar, in parallel with increased vitamin protection over 8 week's storage. Molecular mechanisms involved in formation of corresponding α-tocopherol-loaded protein matrix were described on the basis of heat- and high-pressure-induced whey protein denaturation and aggregation, as evidenced by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), spectrofluorescence, multi-light scattering and SDS-PAGE electrophoretic patterns. Lipid-based matrices were developed from aqueous phases (80 wt%) containing WPC (6 wt% or 3 wt%) and lipid phases (20 wt%) in presence or absence of lecithins and/or 4% α-tocopherol, and by using a first dispersion step (65°C for 15 min) followed with HPH at 300 or 1200 bar. Our results showed that increasing HPH was accompanied by formation of lipid nanoparticles with decreasing size and protein surface concentration with an increase in α-tocopherol degradation (up to 15 wt% for 1200 bar). DSC in scanning and isothermal modes showed that reduction in lipid droplet size was accompanied by retardation in crystalline fat development under storage at 4°C, with further reduction in crystalline fat development along with further increase in supercooling for lipid droplets containing α-tocopherol. Fat polymorphism observed using time-resolved synchrotron X-ray scattering at wide and small angles (WAXS and SAXS) coupled with DSC, showed co-existence of 2Lα, 2Lβ' and 2Lβ polymorphs in all the emulsions, but at different proportions. It was observed that 2Lβ polymorphs were more prominent in lipid droplets with lower size and containing α-tocopherol in presence of lecithins that were shown to present the lowest long-term stability of α-tocopherol against chemical degradation
Verwilghen, Aude. "Rodent pest management and predators communities in oil palm plantations in Indonesia : comparison of two contrasted system." Thesis, Besançon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BESA2042/document.
Full textRodent pest control is often a major issue in agroecosystems. We conducted a 3-year comparative study (2010-2012) in oil palm plantations in Riau and Bangka provinces, in Indonesia: in both areas barn owls have been introduced for rat control, and were at least as abundant in Bangka plantations than in Riau, but in Riau rat populations have been maintained at an acceptable level without the use of rodenticide, whereas in Bangka intensive rodenticide applications did not prevent high levels of rat damage. We compared these two contrasting systems in terms of predator community (barn owls and small carnivores) abundance and/or diet. We found that small carnivores were much more abundant in Riau plantations than in Bangka, and that the leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis) was the dominant species in Riau while absent from Bangka. Our results on diet suggested that rat prey intake from barn owls and from the small carnivore community would be less in Bangka plantations than in Riau. Broadly, our results suggest that small carnivores, notably the leopard cat, play an important role in rodent control. In addition, we investigated spatial distribution of small carnivores within the oil palm habitat. Our results support the hypothesis that, although the oil palm may be habitable for some small carnivore species such as the leopard cat, where they supposedly forage at night, most species still need forest for their survival in oil palm landscapes. Oil palm plantations managers should adapt agricultural practices and land-use to enhance small carnivores, with the view to improve rodent control
Ngiye, Érasme. "La filière palmier à huile au Burundi : acteurs et territoires." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20140/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the study of the palm oil chain in Burundi. Its main aim is to analyze how this culture constructs its territory. It studies palm’s actors, their strategies and the way they are organized and the territorialized space by this chain. The palm oil chain in Burundi has experienced two important modes of cultures. The traditional method of farming dominated by the old variety "dura" and was characterized by extensive polyculture. Between spaced palms, food crops growing were possible. The second concerns the method of cultivation of monoculture oil palm which is only intended to produce palm oil. It involves cultivation of the new variety "tenera" considered more productive than the old variety. The transition from the old to the new farming method did not without consequences on the livelihoods of farmers in major palmicole areas Burundi (Rumonge and Nyanza-Lac). The installation of the new variety "tenera" in Rumonge and Nyanza Lac, respectively entrusted to the Regional Development Company Rumonge and Nyanza Lake project has certainly generated a real commercial agriculture, but it was at the expense of other food crops. In this work we show the socio-economic upheavals that culture has generated the lifestyles of farmers, for example the exacerbation of land conflicts. The cultivation of oil palm continues to expand into other regions. Through a historic analysis of the construction of oil palm land, we show how the construction of the oil palm area is about actors who do not have the same financial means nor the same objectives. The modes of organization and strategies vary according to each stakeholder group and initial financial capital. The weak organization of small producers of oil palm observed in Imbo area does not augur a good future for them. For lack of means, are forced to sell their farms to wealthy people. Finally, the study shows how capital holders access to the palm oil chain through the lease of land from poor peasants
Mirande-Ney, Cathleen. "C/K interactomics in oil palm metabolism and allocation related to yield." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASS035.
Full textOil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is one of the most productive oil crop in the world. Unfortunately, positive effect of K fertilization on fruit development with increasing in bunch weight and number, remain rather difficult to predict because of the lack of knowledge of underlying metabolic mechanisms. The objective of this thesis was precisely to assess the effect of K availability on oil palm metabolic pathways and determine if metabolic changes could be related to oil production. In addition to expected effects of potassium on vegetative traits and bunches, our results show that K availability affected carbon and nitrogen primary metabolism in both leaflets and developing fruits.This thesis presents, for the first time, a detailed metabolic exploration of oil palm in the field and shows that some metabolic traits (metabolites or enzymes) are linked to K availability, thereby opening avenues for the use of leaf biochemical markers to monitor oil palm mineral nutrition
Qadri, Rashad Waseem Khan. "Characterization of NAM/CUC3-related genes from oil palm (Elaeis guineensis L.) and factors regulating their expression during in planta and in vitro development." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20057/document.
Full textPlant development depends on functioning of meristems, which are at the base of organ production during the post-embryonic phase. The development depends also on the definition of boundaries between meristem and primordia but also between organs. NAM/CUC3 genes belonging to the NAC domain transcription factor family and their microRNA regulator miR164 play an important role in these mechanisms in eudicot species. In addition to their role in boundary definition, they are involved in the establishment of the shoot apical meristem during embryogenesis and in the control of the plant and organ architectures. On the basis of data from eudicot species, the conservation of these genes and their regulation, and their involvement in meristem functioning in palm species (Arecales, Arecaceae) and more generally in monocot species was still an open question. In this context, three NAM/CUC3-related genes have been isolated in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis L.), EgNAM1, EgNAM2 and EgCUC3. Theses genes are expressed in both vegetative and reproductive meristematic tissues. Our analysis revealed the conservation of the NAM-miR164 regulatory module in this species and a divergence in term of expression pattern between monocots and eudicots, which may be related to differences in cis-regulatory regions of NAM genes. In contrast the expression pattern of NAM/CUC3 during somatic embryogenesis indicates similarity in the timing of expression between oil palm, maize and rice and also a conservation of the auxin-dependent regulation of NAM genes during this developmental phase as observed in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, even if miR164-dependent post-transcriptional regulation of NAM genes was detected during somatic embryogenesis, auxin-dependent repression seems to be essentially through transcriptional regulation
Cros, David. "Etude des facteurs contrôlant l’efficacité de la sélection génomique chez le palmier à huile (Elaeis guineensis Jacq)." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NSAM0045/document.
Full textAgricultural production must increase at an unprecedented rate to meet the strong growth expected in food demand. Genomic selection (GS) could contribute to reaching this goal by allowing selection of individuals on their sole genotype, making breeding more efficient. Breeding for yield in oil palm, the first oil crop in the world, is currently based on hybrid production by reciprocal recurrent selection. The integration of GS to this scheme would have major repercussions. This thesis aims to assess the potential of GS to predict hybrid combining abilities in parental populations (Deli and group B). Data from the last breeding cycle were used to obtain the first empirical estimate of GS accuracy. Despite the small populations available to calibrate the genomic model, the study showed that with candidates related to the training population (sibs, progenies), the accuracy was sufficient to make a pre-selection in the group B on some yield components. In addition, simulations over four generations showed that the accuracy of several GS strategies (especially when training the model only in the first generation using hybrid genotypes) was high enough for non progeny tested individuals to allow selecting among them on their genotype. This resulted in an increase of more than 50% of annual genetic gain compared to traditional breeding. A faster increase in inbreeding was also demonstrated, but this could be limited by conventional methods of inbreeding management. Finally, the experimental and simulated data indicated that GS could reduce the average generation interval and increase the selection intensity, vastly speeding up the genetic progress for oil palm yield. A recurrent reciprocal genomic selection scheme was suggested for oil palm. Its application requires an experimental confirmation of the simulations, by estimating GS accuracy over several generations without retraining the model. Future research should use new GS models, potentially more effective (taking into account non additive effects or a priori information on marker effects, etc.)
Muderhwa, Jean-Mulimbi. "Biofaçonnement des huiles végétales par interstérification enzymatique, catalysée par des lipases régio-sélectives 1,3 valorisation de l'huile de palme et de sa fraction concrète /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37608310f.
Full textFeintrenie, Laurène. "Entre forêts, agroforêts et plantations : analyse des dynamiques paysagères à Bungo, province de Jambi, Indonésie." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30102/document.
Full textIn the wider context of the agrarian transition in Indonesia, changes in landscapes are happening very quickly and generally at the expense of forested lands. In 2010, Bungo district presents a landscape mosaic, combining remnant forest patches to rubber and durian agroforests and monoculture plantations of oil palm and rubber. Agroforests are increasingly converted into monoculture plantations by farmers, in intend to enhance their income. This evolution rests on the investment of different categories of stakeholders – population, governments, industrial sector - who share a common interest in the economic development of the district. This thesis analyses in details the dynamics of rubber agroforests conversion to rubber and oil palm monoculture plantations. A multi-scale and transdiciplinary approach was used to articulate different spatial and social scales, from the cultivated plot to the extended family, from the village to the district, and to the broader international context. Local communities are willing to intensify their agricultural practices, and voluntarily participate in the development of monoculture plantations, in particular of oil palm. The conservation of forests and agroforests in not their concern, but one of the international community, represented by non governmental organizations and international conventions for the preservation of the environment
Fooyontphanich, Kim. "Identification and analysis of the molecular components involved in the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) fruit abscission processhuile (Elaeis guineensis)." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS197/document.
Full textPlant organ abscission is a complex developmental process that involves cell separation regulated by the environment, stress, pathogens and the physiological status of the plant. In particular, seed and fruit abscission play a central role in seed dispersion and plant reproductive success, and are common domestication traits with important agronomic consequences for many crop species. Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) is cultivated throughout the tropical regions as one of the most economically important oil crop species in the world. The unsynchronized ripening of the oil palm fruit bunch leads to the abscission of the ripest fruit and consequently high labor cost for harvest and loss of yield. In this context, the control of oil palm ripe fruit abscission is an important agricultural concern for the cultivation of oil palm in a sustainable and cost effective way. In the present study, a protocol to phenotype the oil palm fruit abscission process was developed and used to identify a tree in the field that does not undergo ripe fruit abscission. In parallel, transcriptome and proteome analyses of the oil palm ripe fruit abscission zone (AZ) during abscission induced experimentally by ethylene compared to the AZ undergoing natural abscission in the field was performed. A total of 1,957 candidate genes were identified statistically as differentially expressed in the ripe fruit AZ during ethylene-induced abscission. Furthermore, a total of 64 of these differentially abundant candidates were statistically specific or enriched at least during one time point of the ethylene induced abscission, compared to their profiles in the AZ of immature fruit and the pedicel of ripe fruit, where cell separation is not observed. The profiles of these gene candidates were examined in the ripe fruit AZ undergoing natural abscission in the field to validate their potential role during abscission. Finally, the profiles of selected candidate genes were then examined in the AZ of the tree observed not to undergo fruit abscission in the field. The combined approaches provide evidence of wide scale conservation of the molecular components involved in organ abscission of this monocot compared with the model dicot plants tomato and Arabidopsis. For example, the identification of polygalacturonases very similar to those that function during Arabidopsis floral organ abscission suggests a conservation of the components for pectin disassembly despite the phylogenetic distance between these species. In addition, the data from the global analysis and complementary molecular, cellular and biochemical approaches suggest novel components and provide a robust list of genes and processes important for AZ function during ripe fruit abscission of this important monocot crop species
Auffray, Thomas. "Etude des interactions chimiques entre les espèces cultivées d'Elaeis et les insectes pollinisateurs." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTT074.
Full textThe African oil palm Elaeis guineensis Jacqu. (Arecales: Arecaceae) is a tropical plant of economic interest and the world's leading source of vegetable oil. Oil production depends on pollination by weevils of the genus Elaeidobius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). These insects are involved in a specialized mutualist relationship with the host plant: they develop at the expense of the male inflorescences they detect through the odors emitted during the anthesis, while the female inflorescences are pollinated by mimicking the male odors. E. guineensis is affected by a lethal disease in South America that leads to the development of commercial varieties of interspecific hybrids, resulting from artificial crossing between E. guineensis and the South American oil palm Elaeis oleifera (Knuth) Cortés. However, the natural pollination of these hybrids is inadequate and require the intervention of a costly assisted pollination. This thesis hypothesizes that the chemical communication underlying the successful encountering between each oil palm species and their respective pollinators is deficient in hybrid palms.The main objective of this work was to study the functioning of the pollination system for both oil palm species to understand why natural pollination in hybrids is inefficient. The study was conducted in a commercial plantation in Ecuador, including the two species E. guineensis and E. oleifera present with their respective pollinating insects, the African weevil Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust. and the South American weevil Grasidius hybridus O'Brien & Beserra (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), as well as interspecific hybrid palms. Using techniques of trapping and sampling of floral odors, our results showed the pollination system of both species of palm is based on the emission of a specific chemical signal and an olfactory deception, reinforced by a phenomenon of thermogenesis. The two insects are attracted in a small proportion to hybrid palms, which have an intermediate chemical composition compare to parent species. Physiological and behavioral tests permit the identification of the key volatile organic compounds responsible for pollinator attraction.This work should contribute to theoretical knowledge about the oil palm pollination system and the development of practical methods for pollinator management to reduce costs in assisted pollination
Yuan, Yijun. "Functional study of oil assembly pathway in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) fruits." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0158/document.
Full textOil palm is the highest oil-yielding crop-plant, accounting for approximately 40% of the total world vegetable oil production. The fruit accumulates oil, made of triacylglycerol (TAG) molecules, in both mesocarp and kernel with totally different fatty acid profiles. Fatty acids are assembled into oil through Kennedy pathway in the endoplasmic reticulum, which is complicated by editing processes involving phosphatidylcholine metabolism. To investigate oil assembly in oil palm, we use lipidomics as a tool to analyze different populations of palm to search for TAG structural diversity, and to further characterize changes in lipid content and composition in mesocarp and kernel during fruit ripening. We used yeast two-hybrid system (split ubiquitin) to test protein-protein interactions for almost all the enzymes (32) involved in oil assembly pathway, and we demonstrated 241 interactions, including 132 strong interactions, 73 medium interactions and 36 weak interactions. Our results suggest that all enzymes might assemble into one or several complexes that may form metabolons. In addition, different isoforms of enzymes showed distinct interaction profiles, providing hints for future studies. Moreover, we also characterized the in vivo function of a putative acyltransferase (designated EgWSD1-like) possibly involved in oil assembly and the three major diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) isoforms of palm mesocarp in the mutant yeast H1246, which is devoid of neutral lipid synthesis. EgWSD1-like only shows wax ester synthase activity in yeast, while three EgDGATs all can restore TAG biosynthesis in yeast with different substrate specificities
Lieugomg, Médard. "Les plantations industrielles et les plantations villageoises de palmiers à huile sélectionnées dans les zones d'intervention de la société camerounaise des palmeraies (So. Ca. Palm) : le cas des régions d'Eseka et de Dibombari." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100191.
Full textIn order to implement a palm-tree scheme in eastern Cameroon, a development enterprise, the societe camerounaise des palmeraies (so. Ca. Palm), was set up in 1968. Today, its action is extended to 5 areas (mbongo, dibombari, eseka, kienke and edea). Eseka and dibombari areas alone it controls 8 421 ha of improved palm-trees and more than 1 700 employees in industrial palm-groves and 5 154 ha for 1 348 small holders. So. Ca. Palm has achieved a noticeable progress as far as production is concerned but is confronted with problems due to personnel and small holders’ management. These problems are aggravated by the aging of plantations and difficulties in commercializing its products both on national and international markets. If the state cannot efficiently and competently manage with profitability a firm with so. Ca. Palm dimensions, the solution is either privatization or the creation of smaller enterprise, setting up of small structures by which peasants can understand why and for whom they should produce
Komba, Mayossa Prune Christobelle. "Dégradation du couvert forestier liée à la culture du palmier à huile par télédétection en milieu tropical humide : application au bassin du Congo." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0414.
Full textThe objective of this doctoral research is to study the degradation of forest cover due to the industrial cultivation of oil palm by remote sensing in the Congo Basin, particularly the SOCAPALM-Kienké palm grove in Cameroon. To characterize degradation, in order to highlight the systemic link between forest cover degradation and changes in palm grove and landscape structure, the functional approach to landscape ecology was combined with the spatial approach to remote sensing. To achieve this objective, several processing integrating spectral indicators, statistical indicators, structural landscape ecology indicators and remote sensing morphological indicators were carried out
Andru, Julie. "Les populations invasives de rongeurs en milieu agricole : une étude menée dans des cultures de grande échelle, les plantations de palmiers à huile en Indonésie : Approche paysagère, génétique et écotoxicologique." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00984597.
Full textSabajo, Clifton. "Changements dans l’utilisation des terres et de la couverture terrestre en Asie du sud-est : les effets de la transformation sur les paramètres de la surface en Indonésie." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AGPT0005.
Full textOver the last decades, Indonesia has experienced dramatic land transformations with an expansion of oil palm plantations at the expense of tropical forests. Indonesia is currently one of the regions with the highest transformation rate of the land surface worldwide related to the expansion of oil palm plantations and other cash crops replacing forests on large scales. As vegetation is a modifier of the climate near the ground these large-scale land transformations have major impacts on surface biophysical variables such as land surface temperature (LST), albedo, vegetation indices (e.g. the normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI), on the surface energy balance and energy partitioning.Despite the large historic land transformation in Indonesia toward oil palm and other cash crops and governmental plans for future expansion, this is the first study so far to quantify the impacts of land transformation on biophysical variables in Indonesia. To assess such changes at regional scale remote sensing data are needed.As a key driver for many ecological functions, LST is directly affected by land cover changes.We analyze LST from the thermal band of a Landsat image and produce a high-resolution surface temperature map (30 m) for the lowlands of the Jambi province in Sumatra (Indonesia), a region which experienced large land transformation towards oil palm and other cash crops over the past decades. The comparison of LST, albedo, NDVI, and evapotranspiration (ET) between seven different land cover types (forest, urban areas, clear cut land, young and mature oil palm plantations, acacia and rubber plantations) shows that forests have lower surface temperatures than the other land cover types, indicating a local warming effect after forest conversion. LST differences were up to 10.1 ± 2.6 ºC (mean ± SD) between forest and clear-cut land. The differences in surface temperatures are explained by an evaporative cooling effect, which offsets an albedo warming effect.Young and mature oil palm plantations differenced in their biophysical. To study the development of surface biophysical variables during the 20 – 25 years rotation cycle of oil palm plantations, we used three Landsat images from the Jambi province in Sumatra/Indonesia covering a chronosequence of oil palm plantations.Our results show that differences between oil palm plantations in different stages of the oil palm rotation cycle are reflected in differences in the surface energy balance, energy partitioning and biophysical variables. During the oil palm plantation lifecycle the surface temperature differences to forest gradually decrease and approach zero around the mature oil palm plantation stage of 10 years. Concurrently, NDVI increases and the albedo decreases approaching typical values of forests. The surface energy balance and energy partitioning show a development patterns related to biophysical variables and the age of the oil palm plantations. Newly established and young plantations (< 5 years) have less net radiation available than mature oil palm plantations, yet have higher surface temperatures than mature oil palm plantations. The changes in biophysical variables, energy balance and energy partitioning during the oil palm rotation cycle can be explained by the previously identified evaporative cooling effect in which the albedo warming effect is offset. A main determinant in this mechanism is the vegetation cover during the different phases in the oil palm rotation cycle. NDVI as a proxy for vegetation cover showed a consistent inverse relation with the LST of different aged oil palm plantations, a trend that is also observed for different land use types in this study. (Last and final summary in the thesis)
Zeba, Nawidimbasda Augustin. "Enrichissement des repas scolaires en huile de palme rouge au Burkina Faso : évaluation des résultats et de l'impact." Thèse, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17199.
Full textBougma, Karim. "Huile de palme rouge au Burkina Faso: Qualité et consommation par les femmes de la zone de production et impact sur leur statut en vitamine A." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3012.
Full textThe research activities of the phase III of the Red Palm Oil (RPO) project in Burkina Faso included a baseline study with 150 women of the RPO production area randomly selected by the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) random walk method. Their vitamin A (VA) status was assessed by HPLC and their dietary intake of VA by a food frequency questionnaire. The knowledge, perceptions, use and consumption patterns of RPO were assessed by individual interviews with a questionnaire. A comparative study on the physico-chemical, nutritional, microbiological and sensory quality of 13 RPO samples from different countries was also carried. The prevalence of low serum retinol was 10.7% and the dietary intake of VA was provided up to 90% by plant foods. Only 5.9% of women involved in RPO production presented a low retinol compared with 20.8% of women not producing RPO. The quality of the RPO samples was adequate although the microbiological counts were borderline for some samples. None of the samples presented an outstanding quality profile according to the criteria used. The study shows that provitamin A-rich plant foods, and RPO in particular as the highest source, can sustain an adequate VA status. The risk of contamination of RPO during retailing needs to be tackled through awareness and training in best manipulation practices. Key words: Red palm oil, vitamin A, food diversification, quality, Burkina Faso.
Ekobena, Iya Fabienne Elodie. "Exploitation élaeïcole au Cameroun : épuisement d'un modèle de développement inefficace et ses conséquences socio-économiques." Mémoire, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5181/1/M12651.pdf.
Full textDorais, Alexis. "Détection de points chauds de déforestation à Bornéo de 2000 à 2009 à partir d'images MODIS." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6864.
Full textBorneo’s forests are priceless. Beyond the richness and diversity of its fauna and flora, its natural habitats constitute efficient carbon reservoirs. Unfortunately, the vast forests of the island are rapidly being cut down, both by the forestry industry and the rapidly expanding oil palm industry. In this context, we’ve developed methods to detect deforestation and forest degradation in order to better understand and monitor the phenomena. In doing so, the peculiarities of Borneo, such as the persistent cloud cover, had to be accounted for. Nevertheless, we succeeded in producing a time series of the yearly forest degradation and deforestations hotspots for the year 2000 through the year 2009.
Ce travail s’inscrit dans le cadre d’un programme de recherches appuyé par le Conseil de recherches en sciences humaines du Canada.