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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Human Artifacts'

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1

Eilevstjønn, Joar. "Removal of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Artifacts in the Human Electrocardiogram." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-314.

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<p>Death from heart diseases is the most common type of mortality in western countries and the survival rate of cardiac arrest is dismally low. In the treatment of cardiac arrest, two therapeutic methods are most important: cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR; chest compressions and ventilations) and defibrillation (electrical shocks to restart a fibrillating heart).</p><p>An automated external defibrillator is commonly used for such shocks, and records and performs signal analysis on the electrocardiogram(ECG) in order to advice when to shock the patient. However, the mechanical activity duri
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Dillon, Andrew. "Artifacts as theories: Convergence through user-centered design." Medford, N.J.: ASIS, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105923.

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This item is not the definitive copy. Please use the following citation when referencing this material: Dillon, A. (1995) Artifacts as Theories: Convergence through User- Centered Design. 1995 Proceedings of the 58th Annual ASIS Conference, Medford NJ: ASIS, 208-210. Abstract: The present paper proposes the artifact as theory perspective which draws together models of scientific practice and design behaviour and in so doing, offers the view of any information technology system as a conjecture on the part of the design team of human and organizational requirements to be met. By adopting this p
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Lakew, Nathan. "Being-human in the world of digital artifacts: holistic rethinking of design practices." Doctoral thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för informations- och kommunikationssystem, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-29323.

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This  thesis  conducts  a  philosophical,  theoretical, and  practical  exploration  of digital technology design to examine how digital technologies can fulfill our two-facet of existentiality – identified in the thesis as belonginess and novelty. By belonginess, I identify human’s innate need for a feeling of connectedness and harmony with the self, others, and the natural world. The word novelty implies the human interest in exploration, invention, and desire for new experiences. This research suggests that contemporary  digital  technologies  are  largely  novelty  need-oriented,  while  o
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Rönmark, Lovisa. "The Never Ending Shower : planning ability, intellectual disability and cognitive artifacts." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-108845.

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Persons with intellectual disability have been found to perform more poorly on tasks, demanding the use of executive functions like planning, than their peers. This study investigated difficulties with planning, and how problems with planning ability can be supported by using cognitive artifacts to help performance on activities in everyday life, for adolescents with intellectual disability. The approach taken is one of situated cognition, where the natural environment plays a big role, to see if the same difficulties arise as results from traditional research has shown. The traditional view f
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Truong, Trong-Kha. "Susceptibility effects in ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging of the human brain." The Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1093830567.

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Kruse, Anna, and Mirja Åström. "Digital organizing of brief notes and schedules : supporting the collaboration between paper and digital artifacts." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för arbetsvetenskap och medieteknik, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-1632.

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Living in a time where mobility and wireless information are of great interest when developing new computer artifacts, but paper and pen, which are the most used artifacts of today for taking brief notes and scheduling, are easy not to consider even though we have seen that they are very mobile. In this report we are discussing the use of both paper and mobile computer artifacts and their properties to see where mobile computer artifacts can support or replace paper artifacts in connection to brief notes and schedules. We believe that the work toward a design is just as important as the design
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Mannerhagen, Anders. "A case study of nurses information and communication needs." Thesis, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-19833.

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<p>The role of information technology within health care is getting more central and prominent. The purpose of this change is both to make the health care more efficient and to heighten patient safety. This exploratory case study of four care units aims to provide a glimpse into the clinical work of nurses, and to indentify and describe their communication and information needs. The analytical framework used in this study is distributed cognition and the research method used is cognitive ethnography. The study provides a peek into the complex system of health care, and how the central artifact
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Harengel, Peter. "Three Tales of Dominant Technological Artifacts : Tracing the Paths from Success to Domination of Software Applications with the Help of Latour's Actor-Network-Theory and Bourdieu's Capital Theory." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-5265.

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Domination in the software application industry has been an issue since its early years. But how do these situations of market domination come into existence? This thesis discusses conventional approaches towards understanding market domination and their inherent weaknesses. As a result a new understanding, based on Actor-Network-Theory and Capital Theory unfolds, which achieves the uncovering of a much deeper complexity on how market domination comes into existence.
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King, Christopher David S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "A coupled contact-mechanics computational model for studying deformable human-artifact contact." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118672.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2018.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 199-205).<br>Gas-pressurized spacesuits are necessary for human spaceflight, most notably for extravehicular activity (EVA). Legacy EVA suits have been primarily rigid, and operation in such suits can result in significant metabolic expense, or eve
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Baklouti, Firas. "Modelling Soft-Tissue Motion During Human Movement Experiments to Improve Calculations of Skeletal Kinematics." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42207.

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In Canada, approximately 544,000 upper-limb injuries occurred in a 12-month period between 2009 and 2010, many of which were injuries to the rotator cuff muscles of the shoulder. Because of the complex structure and function of the shoulder, it is often difficult to determine which muscles have been injured. The most widely used technology to study human movement is motion capture, wherein markers are affixed to a subject’s skin and are tracked by cameras as the subject moves. The recorded marker trajectories are then used to estimate the bone locations and joint angles during the tracked moti
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Gao, Bo. "A new soft tissue artifact compensation technique in human motion analysis and clinical applications." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0041214.

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Perrone, Alyssa R. "An Artifact of Human Behavior? Paleoindian Endscraper Breakage in Midwestern and Great Lakes North America." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1586799200003825.

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Ahlström, Catharina, and Kristina Fridensköld. "How to support and enhance communication : in a student software development project." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för arbetsvetenskap och medieteknik, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-1624.

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This report, in which we have put an emphasis on the word communication, is based on a student software development project conducted during spring 2002. We describe how the use of design tools plays a key role in supporting communication in group activities and to what extent communication can be supported and enhanced by tools such as mock-ups and metaphors in a group project. We also describe a design progress from initial sketches to a final mock-up of a GUI for a postcard demo application.<br>I denna rapport, som baserar sig på ett studentprojekt utfört under våren 2002, har vi fokuserat
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Rahman, Nahian. "Creating a Sense of Presence in Remote Relationships : A concept of Calm Ambient artifact." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för skog och träteknik (SOT), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-101721.

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Loneliness is a growing social problem that affects people from different age groups. Studies have shown that loneliness is prevalent more in young adults and the elderly demographic. Loneliness can pose serious health issues like cognitive malfunction, heart disease, stroke, depression, etc. People who stay alone from friends and family tend to feel lonelier. Conventional communication tools like a phone or video calls or using social media applications can help the users connect with people but also have adverse effects. As a result of this, the potential of an alternative nonverbal mode of
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Delaney, Patrick J. "A grounded theory study of technology appropriation in anaesthesia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/37268/1/Patrick_Delaney_Thesis.pdf.

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The human-technology nexus is a strong focus of Information Systems (IS) research; however, very few studies have explored this phenomenon in anaesthesia. Anaesthesia has a long history of adoption of technological artifacts, ranging from early apparatus to present-day information systems such as electronic monitoring and pulse oximetry. This prevalence of technology in modern anaesthesia and the rich human-technology relationship provides a fertile empirical setting for IS research. This study employed a grounded theory approach that began with a broad initial guiding question and, through
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Andrén, Stina. "What is the Lega? : Exploring the use of a movement-based interactive artifact in an art exhibition." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-71044.

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This thesis explores the use of an interactive artifact designed to let friends physically share their experiences with each other in an art exhibition. The device, called “the Lega” is a research prototype designed with an interest in bodily interaction and visitors' interactions in museum environments. The Lega is a handheld device which has an ovoid shape that fits in the palm of a user's hand. By moving and touching the Lega in different ways the users can create tactile traces of their experiences that can be received by their friends.The thesis presents results from a qualitative analysi
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Dias, Lucia Rodrigues de Almeida. "Na tela, o cine Guaraci, um artefato transformado em símbolo geográfico no cruzamento dos tempos em Rocha Miranda, Rio de Janeiro." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7770.

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Esta pesquisa tem em vista a influência geográfica do Cinema Guaraci, um artefato geográfico, colaborador do desenvolvimento econômico e na formação sociocultural da população de Rocha Miranda. Localizado na zona norte da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, descortinando esta parte da cidade pouco estudada nos estudos citadinos, constitui este o recorte espacial sob o marco temporal compreendendo o período de sua inauguração de 1953 a 2013, quando persistem os esforços em prol da reabertura desta sala de espetáculos. Através da relação de significações e topofilia, de moradores e frequentadores do luga
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Li, Shuai. "Fragments of the prosperous age : living with heritage and treasure in contemporary China." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/282994.

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This thesis studies contemporary China's heritage boom phenomenon as experienced through the everyday lives of antiquarian communities (collectors, antique dealers etc.) and heritage professionals in and around Beijing. Aiming to extend our vision beyond heritage sites and museums, which constitute the traditional subject of anthropological studies of heritage, the thesis explores the ways in which 'heritage' and 'treasure' are lived by wider Chinese urban residents, constituting a total social fact. Challenging the popular assumption made by heritage scholars in which heritage phenomenon is c
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Riese, Emma. "Sharing IT knowledge within a Swedish bank : A survey based case study of IT related training, help functions and communication." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskaplig kommunikation och lärande (ECE), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-189549.

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An efficient, functioning IT environment is vital to many companies, even to those not calling themselves IT companies. How to assimilate the IT skills needed and get the IT department to share their knowledge with the rest of the organization can, however, be difficult. The aim of this thesis is to find differences between how a company’s IT department employees and other employees experience and use IT training and IT help functions. The aim is also to identify and make suggestions on what artifacts and help functions can be further developed in order to enhance learning and sharing of IT kn
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Nemback, Joakim. "Mobiltelefonen som social artefakt inom familjen : en studie med föräldrarna i fokus." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-16548.

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<p>Studies of modern communication media such as Cell Phones and so called Instant Messengers are popular today. This study focused on these modern techniques, focused on parents as a target group and on what is important for them in everyday communication.</p><p>By exploratory using three focus groups it became clear that the children, and the link to them was the absolute most important thing for the parents. It became clear that this link to a great extent today exists through the mobile phone.</p><p>In a following study a Mobile Instant Messenger called My Friends was introduced. It was us
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Czienskowski, Lennart. "Speculating Relationships." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22669.

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In this thesis the idea of relationship-centered design is proposed based on a speculative design project which is grounded in an understanding of post-anthropocentrism. To facilitate post-anthropocentric human-artifact relationships, that don’t favor living actors over non-living actor, objects may appear to have a life-like agency based on needs and therefore must be empathized with which can be achieved through object characters. Through the discussion of materiality, object behaviors, and object characters, the philosophy of object-oriented ontology and the social-theory of actor-network t
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Chen, Po-Yuan, and 陳柏元. "Measurement of Soft Tissue Artifacts in Human Motion Analysis." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09419246859853494386.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>醫學工程學研究所<br>96<br>The human motion analysis is essential for assessing musculoskeletal & joint disease or injury. Infrared stereophotogrammetry is currently the most common non-invasive method for the measurement of human motion. It is to determinate the spatial position and to get the understanding human body extremity section movements. Soft tissue artifacts (STA) are the most important errors in this method. If the STA are not able to be handled effectively, it will further create the deviation of the definition of the extremity section coordinates systems. The new method u
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CINI, DANIELA. "Optical sensing technologies for the generation of reality-based 3D models of Cultural Heritage artifacts." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/797869.

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The central theme of the thesis is the use of triangulation laser scanning and other optical three-dimensional surveying systems for the realization of 3D models of objects of historical and artistic interest - sculptures, archaeological finds, decorative elements in architecture. The subject is faced keeping in mind the purposes and needs the models should or could meet, and which are the challenging steps to become a more common tool. To name one, a fundamental aspect is bridging gaps between technology providers and Cultural Heritage practitioners. Research for new functional applications i
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Corrie, Brian D. "Human communication channels in distributed, artifact-centric, scientific collaboration." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/2952.

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This dissertation seeks to answer the research questions that arise when digital technologies are used to support distributed, artifact-centric, scientific collaboration. Scientific research is fundamentally collaborative in nature, with researchers often forming collaborations that involve colleagues from other institutions and often other countries. Modern research tools, such as high-resolution scientific instruments and sophisticated computational simulations, are providing scientists with digital data at an unprecedented rate. Thus, digital artifacts are the focus of many of today’s scien
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Huang, Sing-Hao, and 黃星豪. "Blocking Artifact Reduction in H.264 Based on Human Visual Characteristics." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12927820871706148511.

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碩士<br>國立中正大學<br>電機工程所<br>94<br>Currently, most video coding standards are designed for block-based processing. However, the block-based methods usually bring about unwanted blocking artifacts, especially in the of quantization and motion estimation steps of the coding. This property not only corrupts visual quality but also deteriorates coding efficient. Therefore, H.264 defines an adaptive deblocking filter in the standard. Different filtering strengths are defined according to local image characteristics in order to smooth out the blocking artifacts while preserving the content edges. Real-t
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Hsiao, Tzu Cheng, and 蕭子程. "Investigation of a Measurement Problemon the Complex Surface by MicroScribeDigitizer and RHINO:Typified by The Hand of Human Artifact." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41365597976359390941.

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碩士<br>大葉大學<br>工業工程與科技管理學系<br>95<br>Higher requirements on the stylish appearance of the product demand the manufacturers must design the product in free form surface. In the duplication of some artifacts with irregular shape, which is hard to define in terms of dimension and tolerance and is originally designed through free form surface modeling, some techniques must be implemented and fitted with CAD system to reconstruct its geometric form. This research uses RHINO system to mimic the human hand artifact and investigate the problems, which could be encountered through the reconstruction proc
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Yang, Fu Shang, and 楊復勝. "Investigation of a Measurement Problem on the Complex Surface by MicroScribe Digitizer and RHINO:Typified by the Ear of Human Artifact." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58253689125262129262.

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碩士<br>大葉大學<br>工業工程與科技管理學系<br>95<br>Using 3D software to mimic objects in industry is becoming more and more popular in recent years and what they emphasize is primarily on efficiency, cost and precision. To achieve the aim, this paper use surface modeling software, RHINO 3D, and its corresponding digitizer, Microscribe G2. The latter can transport the control points directly into the former. Some probable problems such as size, complexity and asymmetry of the objects in the mimicking are discussed. To cover the range of the problem, a human head artifact is chosen. The artifact is divided into
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Silva, Liliana Sofia de Aguiar Pereira de. "Biomechanical models of the lower limb and pelvis, for female human gait in regular and overload conditions related to pregnancy." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/8340.

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Doutoramento em Motricidade Humana na especialidade de Biomecânica<br>A gravidez é uma fase especial da vida , considerando as adaptações morfológicas, fisiológicas, biomecânicas e hormonais vivenciadas pelas mulheres durante cerca de 40 semanas e no período pós-parto, podendo modificar o padrão de marcha e contribuir para uma sobrecarga no sistema músculo-esquelético, causando dor nos membros inferiores, bacia e zona lombar. Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram: 1) analisar a marcha de mulheres grávidas no segundo trimestre; 2) comparar as adaptações biomecânicas da marcha, entre as mulher
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Sundaram, Arun N. E. "Saccade Related Gamma Potentials Recorded in Human Subthalamic Nucleus, Globus Pallidus Interna and Ventrointermediate Nucleus of the Thalamus." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/33702.

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Gamma oscillations of local field potentials (LFP) in the basal ganglia and thalamus had not been studied during saccades. Eleven patients were studied during deep brain stimulation (DBS); 6 were in the subthalamic nucleus (STN); 3 in the globus pallidus interna (GPi); and 2 in the thalamic ventralis intermedius nucleus (Vim). Patients performed horizontal saccades to visual targets while LFPs from DBS electrodes, scalp electroencephalogram (EEG), and electrooculogram (EOG) were recorded. Wavelet spectrograms were generated and saccade onset and event-related gamma synchronizations (ERS) we
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