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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Human body odour

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Academic literature on the topic 'Human body odour'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Human body odour"

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Hierl, Katharina, Ilona Croy, and Laura Schäfer. "Body Odours Sampled at Different Body Sites in Infants and Mothers—A Comparison of Olfactory Perception." Brain Sciences 11, no. 6 (June 21, 2021): 820. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11060820.

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Body odours and their importance for human chemical communication, e.g., in the mother–child relationship, are an increasing focus of recent research. Precise examination of sampling methods considering physiology and feasibility aspects in order to obtain robust and informative odour samples is therefore necessary. Studies comparing body odour sampling at different body sites are still pending. Therefore, we sampled axilla, breast, and head odour from 28 mother–infant dyads and examined whether odour perception differs with regard to the body site. The participating mothers were asked to evaluate their own and their infant’s body odour samples, as well as odours of two unfamiliar mother–infant dyads. We tested whether maternal pleasantness and intensity evaluation, as well as recognition ability of the odours differed between the body sites. In infants, the head odour exhibited slightly lower pleasantness ratings than axilla and breast, and intensity ratings did not differ between body sites. In mothers, body site affected intensity ratings but not pleasantness ratings, as the breast odour was rated as less intense compared with head and axilla. Across all body sites, mothers rated the own and their infant’s odour as less intense when compared with unfamiliar samples. Recognition ability did not differ between body sites, and in line with previous studies, mothers were able to recognize their own and their own infant’s odour above chance. In sum, our study extends the previous methodological repertoire of body odour sampling and indicates that the axilla, breast, and head of adults as well as infants serve as informative odour sources.

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Probst, Fabian, Urs Fischbacher, Janek S. Lobmaier, Urs Wirthmüller, and Daria Knoch. "Men's preferences for women's body odours are not associated with human leucocyte antigen." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1864 (October 11, 2017): 20171830. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.1830.

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Body odours reportedly portray information about an individual's genotype at the major histocompatibility complex (MHC, called human leucocyte antigen, HLA, in humans). While there is strong experimental support for MHC-associated mating behaviour in animals, the situation in humans is more complex. A lot of effort has been spent on testing HLA-associated odour preferences of women. To date, only very few studies have looked at HLA-linked olfactory preferences in men and these studies have revealed inconsistent results. Here, we investigate men's HLA-associated preferences for women's body odours. Importantly, and in contrast to previous studies, these odours were gathered at peak fertility (i.e. just before ovulation) when any HLA-associated odour preferences should be strongest. We scrutinized whether men's preference for women's body odours is influenced by (i) the number of shared HLA alleles between men and women, (ii) HLA heterozygosity, and (iii) the frequency of rare HLA alleles. We found that men could readily differentiate between odours they found attractive and odours they found less attractive, but that these preferences were not associated with HLA. Specifically, men did not prefer odours from women who are HLA dissimilar, HLA heterozygous, or who have rare HLA alleles. Together, these findings suggest that HLA has no effect on men's odour preferences.

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Hamada, Kaoru, Sanehito Haruyama, Takashi Yamaguchi, Kayo Yamamoto, Kana Hiromasa, Manabu Yoshioka, Daisuke Nishio, and Motonobu Nakamura. "What determines human body odour?" Experimental Dermatology 23, no. 5 (April 28, 2014): 316–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/exd.12380.

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Penn, Dustin J., Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Karl Grammer, Gottfried Fischer, Helena A. Soini, Donald Wiesler, Milos V. Novotny, Sarah J. Dixon, Yun Xu, and Richard G. Brereton. "Individual and gender fingerprints in human body odour." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 4, no. 13 (November 28, 2006): 331–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2006.0182.

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Individuals are thought to have their own distinctive scent, analogous to a signature or fingerprint. To test this idea, we collected axillary sweat, urine and saliva from 197 adults from a village in the Austrian Alps, taking five sweat samples per subject over 10 weeks using a novel skin sampling device. We analysed samples using stir bar sorptive extraction in connection with thermal desorption gas chromatograph–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and then we statistically analysed the chromatographic profiles using pattern recognition techniques. We found more volatile compounds in axillary sweat than in urine or saliva, and among these we found 373 peaks that were consistent over time (detected in four out of five samples per individual). Among these candidate compounds, we found individually distinct and reproducible GC–MS fingerprints, a reproducible difference between the sexes, and we identified the chemical structures of 44 individual and 12 gender-specific volatile compounds. These individual compounds provide candidates for major histocompatibility complex and other genetically determined odours. This is the first study on human axillary odour to sample a large number of subjects, and our findings are relevant to understanding the chemical nature of human odour, and efforts to design electronic sensors (e-nose) for biometric fingerprinting and disease diagnoses.

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Rikowski, Anja, and Karl Grammer. "Human body odour, symmetry and attractiveness." Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 266, no. 1422 (May 7, 1999): 869–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1999.0717.

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Fialová, Jitka, Vít Třebický, Radim Kuba, David Stella, Jakub Binter, and Jan Havlíček. "Losing stinks! The effect of competition outcome on body odour quality." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 375, no. 1800 (April 20, 2020): 20190267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0267.

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Dominance hierarchy is often established via repeated agonistic encounters where consistent winners are considered dominant. Human body odour contains cues to psychological dominance and competition, but it is not known whether competition outcome (a marker of a change in dominance hierarchy) affects the hedonic quality of human axillary odour. Therefore, we investigated the effect of winning and losing on odour quality. We collected odour samples from Mixed Martial Arts fighters approximately 1 h before and immediately after a match. Raters then assessed samples for pleasantness, attractiveness, masculinity and intensity. We also obtained data on donors' affective state and cortisol and testosterone levels, since these are known to be associated with competition and body odour quality. Perceived body odour pleasantness, attractiveness and intensity significantly decreased while masculinity increased after a match irrespective of the outcome. Nonetheless, losing a match affected the pleasantness of body odour more profoundly, though bordering formal level of significance. Moreover, a path analysis revealed that match loss led to a decrease in odour attractiveness, which was mediated by participants’ negative affective states. Our study suggests that physical competition and to some extent also its outcome affect the perceived quality of human body odour in specific real-life settings, thus providing cues to dominance-related characteristics. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Olfactory communication in humans’.

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Natsch, Andreas, and Roger Emter. "The specific biochemistry of human axilla odour formation viewed in an evolutionary context." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 375, no. 1800 (April 20, 2020): 20190269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0269.

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Human body odour is dominated by the scent of specific odourants emanating from specialized glands in the axillary region. These specific odourants are produced by an intricate interplay between biochemical pathways in the host and odour-releasing enzymes present in commensal microorganisms of the axillary microbiome. Key biochemical steps for the release of highly odouriferous carboxylic acids and sulfur compounds have been elucidated over the past 15 years. Based on the profound molecular understanding and specific analytical methods developed, evolutionary questions could be asked for the first time with small population studies: (i) a genetic basis for body odour could be shown with a twin study, (ii) no effect of genes in the human leukocyte antigen complex on the pattern of odourant carboxylic acid was found, and (iii) loss of odour precursor secretion by a mutation in the ABCC11 gene could explain why a large fraction of the population in the Far East lack body odour formation. This review summarizes what is currently known at the molecular level on the biochemistry of the formation of key odourants in the human axilla. At the same time, we present for the first time the crystal structure of the N α -acyl-aminoacylase, a key human odour-releasing enzyme, thus describing at the molecular level how bacteria on the skin surface have adapted their enzyme to the specific substrates secreted by the human host. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Olfactory communication in humans’.

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Milinski, Manfred, Ilona Croy, Thomas Hummel, and Thomas Boehm. "Major histocompatibility complex peptide ligands as olfactory cues in human body odour assessment." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 280, no. 1755 (March 22, 2013): 20122889. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.2889.

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In many animal species, social communication and mate choice are influenced by cues encoded by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). The mechanism by which the MHC influences sexual selection is a matter of intense debate. In mice, peptide ligands of MHC molecules activate subsets of vomeronasal and olfactory sensory neurons and influence social memory formation; in sticklebacks, such peptides predictably modify the outcome of mate choice. Here, we examine whether this evolutionarily conserved mechanism of interindividual communication extends to humans. In psychometric tests, volunteers recognized the supplementation of their body odour by MHC peptides and preferred ‘self’ to ‘non-self’ ligands when asked to decide whether the modified odour smelled ‘like themselves’ or ‘like their favourite perfume’. Functional magnetic resonance imaging indicated that ‘self’-peptides specifically activated a region in the right middle frontal cortex. Our results suggest that despite the absence of a vomeronasal organ, humans have the ability to detect and evaluate MHC peptides in body odour. This may provide a basis for the sensory evaluation of potential partners during human mate choice.

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Janeš, Damjan, Irena Klun, Blanka Vidan-Jeras, Matjaž Jeras, and Samo Kreft. "Infuence of MHC on odour perception of 43 chemicals and body odour." Open Life Sciences 5, no. 3 (June 1, 2010): 324–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11535-010-0020-6.

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AbstractThe Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) is a large gene family that is found in most vertebrates and has an important influence on body odour preference and mate selection in animals. In this research we found, that human leukocyte antigen (HLA) phenotype is strongly connected with the strength and pleasantness of perceived odour of selected chemical compounds found in sweat. Among different chemical classes of compounds tested, the esters of fatty acids such as methyl undecanoate, methyl decanoate, methyl nonanoate, methyl octanoate and methyl hexanoate show strongest connection to HLA. On the other hand, our experiment did not confirm the connection of MHC to the perceived strength and pleasantness of body odour.

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Borráz-León, Javier I., Ana Lilia Cerda-Molina, and Lilian Mayagoitia-Novales. "Testosterone level changes after perceiving the body odour of a possible rival in human males: the role of facial symmetry." Behaviour 154, no. 6 (2017): 677–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-00003437.

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An individual’s body odour is a characteristic that is used to obtain information about conspecifics. However, to our knowledge the role of body odour and the degree of facial symmetry on testosterone changes among men as indicators of possible rivals has not been investigated yet. A group of 113 men were photographed to obtain their degree of facial symmetry, i.e., the small random deviations in facial bilateral traits. They smelled and assessed the odour of men with different grades of facial symmetry, and donated two saliva samples (pre- and post-stimulus sample) to measure the change in their testosterone levels. We found that testosterone levels decreased in symmetrical men who perceived the odour of asymmetrical men. Our results suggest that men could perceive characteristics in other men that are highly valued by women through odour to identify possible rivals, and that the observed decrease in testosterone levels could be related to an inhibition of competitive behaviours.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Human body odour"

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Rennie, Paul John. "The skin microflora and the formation of human axillary odour." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246346.

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Allen, Caroline. "The artificially scented ape : investigating the role of fragrances and body odours in human interactions." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/22599.

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It was long believed that humans were unable to utilise the odours of conspecifics to co-ordinate social interactions in ways in which other species appear to be capable. However, a surge in interest in human social olfaction has recently challenged this view. The numerous studies conducted in this area have found that multiple state and trait related cues can be detected in body odour. Furthermore, many studies indicate that women are often more sensitive to these cues, and that sensitivity can be associated with fertility, findings that are consistent with sex differences in reproductive effort and benefits of choosiness in mate-searching. Since previous studies in this area have usually addressed the potential for humans to use olfactory communication in a comparable manner to other mammals, they typically involve collection and assessment of ‘natural’ odour. That is, they explicitly exclude the possibility of ‘contamination’ of odour samples by artificial fragrances. However, humans have used artificial fragrances for millennia, across many different cultures. This raises the question of whether widespread fragrance use may affect or disrupt the detection of this information in modern humans. The first aim of this thesis was to address this question by investigating how fragrance use may mediate the detection of olfactory information in humans. As well as providing further evidence for sex differences in the assessment of olfactory cues, and for the role of olfaction in real world partner choice, the findings herein suggest that fragrance may act differently on different information being assessed, potentially masking accurate assessment of certain traits (such as masculinity), while fragrance choice and preferences may be important in complementing other olfactory information (such as the general distinguishability of an individuals’ odour profile). A second aim of the thesis was to develop a scale in order to more accurately describe the varying perceptual qualities of human body odour – in other words to map human body odours. This work was conducted alongside perfumers in order to benefit from their expertise in olfactory perception and semantic labelling of odours. The development of such a scale could enable improved understanding of the perceptual qualities of human odour, making it possible to link specific perceptual qualities to specific cues (e.g. symmetry, masculinity, sex) or to manipulate odours based on perceptual qualities in experimental settings, and has direct practical implications for fragrance designers and for improving the ability of individuals to choose fragrance products that suit their odour profile. The second section of the thesis focuses on the effects of odours on the individual wearer as well as on perceivers in the environment. One study is presented which investigates the role of malodour reduction compared to the addition of fragrances in perceptions of confidence and attractiveness, finding that both the reduction of malodour and the addition of fragrance appear to be important for confidence as rated by others in the environment. The final study presented in the thesis examines a hitherto un-investigated role of olfaction during human pregnancy. The rationale for the study is based on evidence suggesting that in certain non-human species, which also show bi-parental care of offspring, there may be a role for chemical, or odour based, communication which underpins behavioural and endocrinological changes related to infant care behaviours in males. The study found little evidence to support the presence of analogous olfactory signalling during human pregnancy, though the findings are discussed in light of methodological changes which, if made in future studies, may result in different outcomes. The thesis concludes with a discussion of the importance of continuing to investigate various forms of olfactory communication, as well as improving our understanding of odours through the mapping of their perceptual qualities, and finally further examining the ways in which various fragranced products, which are widely used in society, may affect all of this. Future directions for this area of research are discussed. This line of investigation will, I argue, enable us to finally establish the true role of olfaction in contemporary social environments.

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Röder, Susanne. "Visual, Olfactory, and Vocal Cues to Fecundity in Human Females." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0022-5D86-B.

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Dneboská, Tereza. "Environmentální faktory ovlivňující tělesnou vůni člověka." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-327002.

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The main source of the human body odour is an axillary region. Human body odour is individually specific and results from genetic and environmental factors. Human body odour is an important sexual attractant for potential partners. It is influenced by environmental factors, such as an emotional state and health. Important environmental factors influencing human body odour are also eating habits. However, we know very little about how particular dietary components shape our body odour. Only the effect of red meat and garlic consumption have been tested. Here we tested the effect of caffeine (from usual source and guarana) and beta- carotene. In our three experiments we used a balanced within-subject experimental design. Volunteers donated twice their body odour: once after ingestion of the tested substance, second time in the control situation. Samples were then assessed for their attractiveness and intensity by group of women. Results showed that caffeine consumption may influence negatively attractiveness and intensity of human body odour. Guarana and beta-carotene did not show any significant results. These results partially confirmed that dietary factors influence the quality of the human body odour. This field should be further studied as a part of the environmental factors influencing human...

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Books on the topic "Human body odour"

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Inaba, Masumi, and Yoshikata Inaba. Human Body Odor. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66908-1.

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Inaba, Masumi. Human body odor: Etiology, treatment, and related factors. Tokyo: Springer-Verlag, 1992.

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Yokubōsuru bungaku: Odoru kyōjo de yomitoku Nichi-Ei jendā hihyō. Tōkyō: Eihōsha, 2007.

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Wedekind, Claus. Body Odours and Body Odour Preferences in Humans. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198568308.013.0022.

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Rowan, Peter. Body Odours (Smelly Science). Oxford University Press, 1999.

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Inaba, Masumi, and Yoshikata Inaba. Human Body Odor: Etiology, Treatment, and Related Factors. Springer, 2013.

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Maxwell, Catherine. Scent, the Body, and the Cosmopolitan Flaireur. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198701750.003.0005.

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This chapter focuses on the cosmopolitan flaireur, the sophisticated citizen of the world who relishes the fragrance of travel, represented by the historian and classicist John Addington Symonds and the journalist and critic Lafcadio Hearn, his junior by ten years. The smell of the human body is something that speaks intimately to the very nature of perfume, which references and alludes to corporeal odours as much as it camouflages them. Appreciators respectively of male and female body scents, both Symonds and Hearn write enthusiastically about the perfumes of the places they visit and the bodies they encounter there, but they are also keen consumers of the literature of other lands, both past and present, savoured by them for its release of distinctive male and female fragrances. This chapter focuses on the cosmopolitan flaireur, the sophisticated citizen of the world who relishes the fragrance of travel, represented by the historian and classicist John Addington Symonds and the journalist and critic Lafcadio Hearn, his junior by ten years. The smell of the human body is something that speaks intimately to the very nature of perfume, which references and alludes to corporeal odours as much as it camouflages them. Appreciators respectively of male and female body scents, both Symonds and Hearn write enthusiastically about the perfumes of the places they visit and the bodies they encounter there, but they are also keen consumers of the literature of other lands, both past and present, savoured by them for its release of distinctive male and female fragrances.

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Book chapters on the topic "Human body odour"

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Geier, Martin, Hinrich Sass, and Jürgen Boeckh. "A Search for Components in Human Body Odour that Attract Females of Aedes Aegypti." In Ciba Foundation Symposium 200 - Olfaction in Mosquito-Host Interactions, 132–48. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470514948.ch11.

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Inaba, Masumi, and Yoshikata Inaba. "Introduction." In Human Body Odor, 1–4. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66908-1_1.

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Inaba, Masumi, and Yoshikata Inaba. "Body Odor as a Psychosomatic Disorder." In Human Body Odor, 111–16. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66908-1_10.

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Inaba, Masumi, and Yoshikata Inaba. "Body Odor as Delusion." In Human Body Odor, 117–26. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66908-1_11.

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Inaba, Masumi, and Yoshikata Inaba. "Treatments for Palmar, Foot, and Genital Hyperhidrosis and Bromidrosis." In Human Body Odor, 127–30. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66908-1_12.

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Inaba, Masumi, and Yoshikata Inaba. "Pharmaceutical and Physical Treatment Procedures for Axillary Bromidrosis." In Human Body Odor, 131–50. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66908-1_13.

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Inaba, Masumi, and Yoshikata Inaba. "Surgical Procedures." In Human Body Odor, 151–70. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66908-1_14.

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Inaba, Masumi, and Yoshikata Inaba. "The Inaba Method." In Human Body Odor, 171–234. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66908-1_15.

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Inaba, Masumi, and Yoshikata Inaba. "The Question of Hair Regeneration." In Human Body Odor, 235–60. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66908-1_16.

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Inaba, Masumi, and Yoshikata Inaba. "Postscript." In Human Body Odor, 261–62. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66908-1_17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Human body odour"

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Shu, Minglei, Yunxiang Liu, and Hua Fang. "Identification authentication scheme using human body odour." In 2014 IEEE International Conference on Control Science and Systems Engineering (CCSSE). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccsse.2014.7224531.

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Hayashi, Kenshi. "Human Body Odor Visualization with 2-Dimensional Sensing." In 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Olfaction and Electronic Nose (ISOEN). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isoen.2019.8823549.

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Yang, Bin, and Wonjun Lee. "Human Body Odor Based Authentication Using Machine Learning." In 2018 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssci.2018.8628697.

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Wongchoosuk, Chatchawal, Mario Lutz, and Teerakiat Kerdcharoen. "Correction of humidity effect for detection of human body odor." In 2008 5th International Conference on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology (ECTI-CON). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ecticon.2008.4600562.

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Jha, Sunil Kr, Masahiro Imahashi, Kenshi Hayashi, and Tadashi Takamizawa. "Data fusion approach for human body odor discrimination using GC-MS spectra." In 2014 IEEE Ninth International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing (ISSNIP). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/issnip.2014.6827592.

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Eamsa-Ard, Tanthip, Toemsak Srikhirin, and Teerakiat Kerdcharoen. "Online Monitoring of Human Body Odor for the Improvement of Athlete's Health Status." In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics-Taiwan (ICCE-TW). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icce-china.2018.8448813.

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Choi, Mi Hyun, Joshua Lee, and Frank L. Hammond. "Wearable Olfactory Augmentation Device for Hazardous Gas Detection." In 2018 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2018-6953.

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The goal of this study was to develop a wearable olfactory augmentation device (Fig. 1) that provides an intuitive and objective delivery of complex olfactory information via haptic feedback, in the form of cutaneous vibrotactile stimuli, in order to enhance environmental awareness of odor signals. The hypothesis is that displaying olfactory information through the skin enables intuitive and prompt identification of potentially hazardous chemicals and odors before they pose actual threats to the human body. In this work, an olfactory augmentation prototype is designed and manufactured, and experiments are conducted to assess the performance of device components and to improve the functionality of the device.

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Eamsa-ard, Tanthip, Mon Myat Swe, Thara Seesaard, and Teerakiat Kerdcharoen. "Development of Electronic Nose for Evaluation of Fragrance and Human Body Odor in the Cosmetic Industry." In 2018 IEEE 7th Global Conference on Consumer Electronics (GCCE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gcce.2018.8574831.

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Khan, Sarah Ali, and Sameena Naaz. "Comparative Analysis of Finger Vein, Iris and Human Body Odor as Biometric Approach in Cyber Security System." In 2020 2nd International Conference on Innovative Mechanisms for Industry Applications (ICIMIA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icimia48430.2020.9074877.

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