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Journal articles on the topic 'Human Immunodeficient Virus'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Chalifoux, Laura V., Angela Carville, Douglas Pauley, Brendon Thompson, Andrew A. Lackner, and Keith G. Mansfield. "Enterocytozoon bieneusi as a Cause of Proliferative Serositis in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Immunodeficient Macaques (Macaca mulatta)." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 124, no. 10 (2000): 1480–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2000-124-1480-ebaaco.

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Abstract Context.—Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most frequent microsporidian parasite of human patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and is a significant cause of diarrhea and wasting. Recently, this organism has also been recognized as a spontaneous infection of several species of captive macaques. As in humans, E bieneusi frequently causes enteropathy and cholangiohepatitis in immunodeficient simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)–infected macaques. Objective.—To examine E bieneusi as an etiologic agent of nonsuppurative proliferative serositis in immunodeficient rhesus macaques (Ma

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2

Ito, Yusuke, Kensuke Takaoka, Kazuhiro Toyama, et al. "The First Case of Concomitant Mycobacterium genavense lymphadenitis and EBV-positive lymphoproliferative disorder." Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases 12, no. 1 (2020): e2020035. http://dx.doi.org/10.4084/mjhid.2020.035.

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This is the first case of concurrent Mycobacterium genavense lymphadenitis and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) in the same lymph node with no immunocompromised history. M. genavense infection is a rare opportunistic infection mainly for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. Although no immunodeficiency was detected in our patient, our case indicates that the immunodeficiency in the background of EBV latency type III and the immunosuppression by malignant lymphoma itself might induce the M. genavense lymphadenitis. This case highly alerts cli

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3

Kim, Jocelyn T., Gabrielle Bresson-Tan, and Jerome A. Zack. "Current Advances in Humanized Mouse Models for Studying NK Cells and HIV Infection." Microorganisms 11, no. 8 (2023): 1984. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11081984.

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has infected millions of people worldwide and continues to be a major global health problem. Scientists required a small animal model to study HIV pathogenesis and immune responses. To this end, humanized mice were created by transplanting human cells and/or tissues into immunodeficient mice to reconstitute a human immune system. Thus, humanized mice have become a critical animal model for HIV researchers, but with some limitations. Current conventional humanized mice are prone to death by graft versus host disease induced by the mouse signal regulatory prote

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4

Marusic, Carla, Paola Rizza, Laura Lattanzi, et al. "Chimeric Plant Virus Particles as Immunogens for Inducing Murine and Human Immune Responses against Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1." Journal of Virology 75, no. 18 (2001): 8434–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.75.18.8434-8439.2001.

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ABSTRACT The high-yield expression of a neutralizing epitope from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) on the surface of a plant virus and its immunogenicity are presented. The highly conserved ELDKWA epitope from glycoprotein (gp) 41 was expressed as an N-terminal translational fusion with the potato virus X (PVX) coat protein. The resulting chimeric virus particles (CVPs), purified and used to immunize mice intraperitoneally or intranasally, were able to elicit high levels of HIV-1-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA antibodies. Furthermore, the human immune response to CVPs was s

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Kumar, Shimareet, Mariarita Santi, Gilbert Vezina, Tena Rosser, Roma S. Chandra, and Robert Keating. "Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Smooth Muscle Tumor of the Basal Ganglia in an HIV+ Child: Case Report and Review of the Literature." Pediatric and Developmental Pathology 7, no. 2 (2004): 198–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10024-003-7079-2.

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We describe the clinicopathologic features of an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated smooth muscle tumor arising in the basal ganglia of a 10-year-old human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive child. Only a few cases of intracranial smooth muscle tumors are reported in the literature and virtually all of these have been extra-axial, involving the dura or sinuses in HIV+ adults. Our case underscores the need to include an EBV-associated smooth muscle tumor in the differential diagnosis when evaluating intracranial mass lesions in immunodeficient children.

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6

Burns, S. "Podiatric manifestations of AIDS." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 80, no. 1 (1990): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/87507315-80-1-15.

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Dermatologic, vascular, neurologic, and musculoskeletal complications are common among persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). These manifestations frequently involve the lower extremities and may be the initial presenting symptoms of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. It is important that practitioners of podiatric medicine be aware of these syndromes to facilitate early diagnosis of AIDS and to provide the best possible care for immunodeficient patients. The author provides a review of the manifestations of AIDS frequently encountered in podiatric practice, along w

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7

Delgado, Sandra, and Jaime Caceres. "Malignant Syphilis in a Human Immunodeficient Virus-Infected Patient." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 96, no. 3 (2017): 523–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.16-0755.

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8

Koka, Prasad S., John K. Fraser, Yvonne Bryson, et al. "Human Immunodeficiency Virus Inhibits Multilineage Hematopoiesis In Vivo." Journal of Virology 72, no. 6 (1998): 5121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.72.6.5121-5127.1998.

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ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals often exhibit multiple hematopoietic abnormalities reaching far beyond loss of CD4+ lymphocytes. We used the SCID-hu (Thy/Liv) mouse (severe combined immunodeficient mouse transplanted with human fetal thymus and liver tissues), which provides an in vivo system whereby human pluripotent hematopoietic progenitor cells can be maintained and undergo T-lymphoid differentiation and wherein HIV-1 infection causes severe depletion of CD4-bearing human thymocytes. Herein we show that HIV-1 infection rapidly and severely decrease

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9

Dekate, Jyoti, and Runjan Chetty. "Epstein-Barr Virus–Associated Smooth Muscle Tumor." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 140, no. 7 (2016): 718–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2015-0120-rs.

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Immunodeficient individuals are prone to develop a number of opportunistic infections and unique neoplasms. Epstein-Barr virus–associated smooth muscle tumor is an uncommon neoplasm associated with immunodeficiency. It has been described in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus, in the posttransplant setting, and in those with congenital immunodeficiency. Different anatomic sites can be involved by Epstein-Barr virus–associated smooth muscle tumor, and even multiple locations can contain these unique lesions within the same patient. The presence of variable numbers of intratumora

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10

Feichtinger, H., S. L. Li, E. Kaaya, et al. "A monkey model for Epstein Barr virus-associated lymphomagenesis in human acquired immunodeficiency syndrome." Journal of Experimental Medicine 176, no. 1 (1992): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.176.1.281.

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High-grade malignant nonHodgkin's lymphomas--five lymphoblastic, three pleomorphic, and two immunoblastic--developed in 10/25 cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) followed for up to 746 d after infection with simian immunodeficiency virus, strain SIVsm. These lymphomas were shown to be associated with an Epstein-Barr (EB)-like cynomolgus B-lymphotropic herpesvirus (CBLV) by electron microscopy, by Southern blot hybridization with probes against human EBV, and by the expression of antigens corresponding to EBV-associated nuclear antigens (EBNAs) involved in human B cells transformation. Sou

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11

Wesołowski, Roland, Marta Pawłowska, Małgorzata Smoguła, and Karolina Szewczyk-Golec. "Advances and Challenges in Diagnostics of Toxoplasmosis in HIV-Infected Patients." Pathogens 12, no. 1 (2023): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12010110.

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Toxoplasma gondii is a worldwide distributed protozoan parasite. This apicomplexan parasite infects one-third of the population worldwide, causing toxoplasmosis, considered one of the neglected parasitic infections. In healthy humans, most infections are asymptomatic. However, in immunocompromised patients, the course of the disease can be life-threatening. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients have a very high burden of Toxoplasma gondii co-infection. Thus, it is essential to use modern, sensitive, and specific methods to properly monitor the course of toxoplasmosis in immunode

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12

Farah, C. S., S. Elahi, K. Drysdale, et al. "Primary Role for CD4+ T Lymphocytes in Recovery from Oropharyngeal Candidiasis." Infection and Immunity 70, no. 2 (2002): 724–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.70.2.724-731.2002.

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ABSTRACT Oropharyngeal candidiasis is associated with defects in cell-mediated immunity and is commonly seen in human immunodeficiency virus positive individuals and AIDS patients. A model for oral candidiasis in T-cell-deficient BALB/c and CBA/CaH nu/nu mice was established. After inoculation with 108 Candida albicans yeasts, these mice displayed increased levels of oral colonization compared to euthymic control mice and developed a chronic oropharyngeal infection. Histopathological examination of nu/nu oral tissues revealed extensive hyphae penetrating the epithelium, with polymorphonuclear

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13

Mercader, Maria, Brian J. Nickoloff, and Kimberly E. Foreman. "Induction of Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 Replication by Human Herpesvirus 8." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 125, no. 6 (2001): 785–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2001-125-0785-iohivr.

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Abstract Background.—Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1)–infected individuals are commonly infected with herpesviruses, including cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, and human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8, also known as Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpesvirus [KSHV]). Previous studies have demonstrated that coinfection with herpesviruses can modulate HIV-1 replication. This can occur either through direct interaction between the 2 viruses or through secondary effects resulting from the release of cellular factors in response to infection. Objective.—To investigate HIV-1 rep

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14

REINHARDT, BARBARA, BRUCE E. TORBETT, RICHARD J. GULIZIA, PETER P. REINHARDT, STEPHEN A. SPECTOR, and DONALD E. MOSIER. "Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection of Neonatal Severe Combined Immunodeficient Mice Xenografted with Human Cord Blood Cells." AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 10, no. 2 (1994): 131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/aid.1994.10.131.

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15

Uckun, Fatih M., Lisa M. Chelstrom, Lisa Tuel-Ahlgren, et al. "TXU (Anti-CD7)-Pokeweed Antiviral Protein as a Potent Inhibitor of Human Immunodeficiency Virus." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 42, no. 2 (1998): 383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.42.2.383.

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ABSTRACT We have evaluated the clinical potential of TXU (anti-CD7)-pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP) immunoconjugate (TXU-PAP) as a new biotherapeutic anti-human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV) agent by evaluating its anti-HIV type 1 (anti-HIV-1) activity in vitro, as well as in a surrogate human peripheral blood lymphocyte-severe combined immunodeficient (Hu-PBL-SCID) mouse model of human AIDS. The present report documents in a side-by-side comparison the superior in vitro anti-HIV-1 activity of TXU-PAP compared to the activities of zidovudine, 2′,3′-didehydro-2′,3′-dideoxythymidine, unconj

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16

Silva, Dorotéa Lobato da, Renato Lopes Fernandes de Medeiros, Marluce Matos de Moraes, and Fernanda Sagicado Espírito Santo. "Restriction enzyme analysis of the human cytomegalovirus genome in specimens collected from immunodeficient patients in Belém, State of Pará, Brazil." Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 44, no. 5 (2011): 551–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0037-86822011005000052.

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INTRODUCTION: Human cytomegalovirus is an opportunistic betaherpesvirus that causes persistent and serious infections in immunodeficient patients. Recurrent infections occur due to the presence of the virus in a latent state in some cell types. It is possible to examine the virus using molecular methods to aid in the immunological diagnosis and to generate a molecular viral profile in immunodeficient patients. The objective of this study was to characterize cytomegalovirus genotypes and to generate the epidemiological and molecular viral profile in immunodeficient patients. METHODS: A total of

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17

Eddy Warman, Nur ‘Aini, and Nurul Yaqeen Mohd Esa. "A Rare and Challenging Case of Pulmonary Mycobacterium genavense in an Immunocompetent Adult." Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences 3, no. 1 (2018): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jchs.v3i1.6158.

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Mycobacterium genavense, a non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM), usually affects patients severely immunodeficient from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or any other immunocompromised states. We reported a case in a 70-year-old female with well-controlled diabetes and history of proximal cystic bronchiectasis. She presented with 2 months history of cough, haemoptysis, and night sweats of which serial sputa were positive for acid-fast bacilli and the culture repeatedly grew M. genavense. Treatment with rifampicin, ofloxacin, and clarithromycin was complicated with drug-induced liver

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18

Griffin, William C., Lawrence D. Middaugh, Jennifer E. Cook, and William R. Tyor. "The severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mouse model of human immunodeficiency virus encephalitis: Deficits in cognitive function." Journal of Neurovirology 10, no. 2 (2004): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13550280490428333.

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Weiss, Robin A. "The Leeuwenhoek Lecture 2001. Animal origins of human infectious disease." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 356, no. 1410 (2001): 957–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2001.0838.

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Since time immemorial animals have been a major source of human infectious disease. Certain infections like rabies are recognized as zoonoses caused in each case by direct animal–to–human transmission. Others like measles became independently sustained with the human population so that the causative virus has diverged from its animal progenitor. Recent examples of direct zoonoses are variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease arising from bovine spongiform encephalopathy, and the H5N1 avian influenza outbreak in Hong Kong. Epidemics of recent animal origin are the 1918–1919 influenza pandemic, and acqu

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20

Brown, Scott A., Julia L. Hurwitz, Amy Zirkel, et al. "A Recombinant Sendai Virus Is Controlled by CD4+ Effector T Cells Responding to a Secreted Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope Glycoprotein." Journal of Virology 81, no. 22 (2007): 12535–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00197-07.

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ABSTRACT The importance of antigen-specific CD4+ helper T cells in virus infections is well recognized, but their possible role as direct mediators of virus clearance is less well characterized. Here we describe a recombinant Sendai virus strategy for probing the effector role(s) of CD4+ T cells. Mice were vaccinated with DNA and vaccinia virus recombinant vectors encoding a secreted human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope protein and then challenged with a Sendai virus carrying a homologous HIV-1 envelope gene. The primed mice showed (i) prompt homing of numerous envelope-primed

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Hege, Kristen M., Keegan S. Cooke, Mitchell H. Finer, Krisztina M. Zsebo, and Margo R. Roberts. "Systemic T Cell–independent Tumor Immunity after Transplantation of Universal Receptor–modified Bone Marrow into SCID Mice." Journal of Experimental Medicine 184, no. 6 (1996): 2261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.184.6.2261.

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Gene modification of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) with antigen-specific, chimeric, or “universal” immune receptors (URs) is a novel but untested form of targeted immunotherapy. A human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope–specific UR consisting of the extracellular domain of human CD4 linked to the ζ chain of the T cell receptor (CD4ζ) was introduced ex vivo into murine HSC by retroviral transduction. After transplantation into immunodeficient SCID mice, sustained high level expression of CD4ζ was observed in circulating myeloid and natural killer cells. CD4ζ-transplanted mice were protecte

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22

Bateman, Caroline M., Alison Kesson, Madeleine Powys, Melanie Wong, and Emily Blyth. "Cytomegalovirus Infections in Children with Primary and Secondary Immune Deficiencies." Viruses 13, no. 10 (2021): 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13102001.

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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a human herpes virus that causes significant morbidity and mortality in immunosuppressed children. CMV primary infection causes a clinically mild disease in healthy children, usually in early childhood; the virus then utilises several mechanisms to establish host latency, which allows for periodic reactivation, particularly when the host is immunocompromised. It is this reactivation that is responsible for the significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised children. We review CMV infection in the primary immunodeficient host, including early identification of

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Koka, Prasad S., Beth D. Jamieson, David G. Brooks, and Jerome A. Zack. "Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Induced Hematopoietic Inhibition Is Independent of Productive Infection of Progenitor Cells In Vivo." Journal of Virology 73, no. 11 (1999): 9089–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.73.11.9089-9097.1999.

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ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals exhibit a variety of hematopoietic dysfunctions. The SCID-hu mouse (severe combined immunodeficient mouse transplanted with human fetal thymus and liver tissues) can be used to model the loss of human hematopoietic precursor cell function following HIV infection and has a distinct advantage in that data can be obtained in the absence of confounding factors often seen in infected humans. In this study, we establish that HIV type 1 (HIV-1) bearing a reporter gene inserted into the viralvpr gene is highly aggressive in depleting hum

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Gorantla, Santhi, Kathlyn Santos, VaKara Meyer, et al. "Human Dendritic Cells Transduced with Herpes Simplex Virus Amplicons Encoding Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 Elicit Adaptive Immune Responses from Human Cells Engrafted into NOD/SCID Mice and Confer Partial Protection against HIV-1 Challenge." Journal of Virology 79, no. 4 (2005): 2124–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.79.4.2124-2132.2005.

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ABSTRACT Small-animal models are needed to test human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine efficacy following viral challenge. To this end, we examined HIV-1-specific immune responses following immunization of nonobese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficient mice that were repopulated with human peripheral blood lymphocytes (hu-PBL-NOD/SCID mice). Autologous dendritic cells (DC) were transduced ex vivo with replication-defective, helper virus-free, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) amplicons that expressed HIV-1 gp120 and were then injected into the hu-PBL-NOD/SCID mice. This resulted in pr

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Khanna, Nina, Marcel Wolbers, Nicolas J. Mueller, et al. "JC Virus-Specific Immune Responses in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Patients with Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy." Journal of Virology 83, no. 9 (2009): 4404–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02657-08.

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ABSTRACT Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a frequently fatal disease caused by uncontrolled polyomavirus JC (JCV) in severely immunodeficient patients. We investigated the JCV-specific cellular and humoral immunity in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study. We identified PML cases (n = 29), as well as three matched controls per case (n = 87), with prospectively cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells and plasma at diagnosis. Nested controls were matched according to age, gender, CD4+ T-cell count, and decline. Survivors (n = 18) were defined as being alive for >1 year after

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Sánchez‐Velasco, Pablo, Javier G. Ocejo‐Vinyals, Reyes Flores, José J. Gómez‐Román, María‐José Lozano, and Francisco Leyva‐Cobián. "Simultaneous Multiorgan Presence of Human Herpesvirus 8 and Restricted Lymphotropism of Epstein‐Barr Virus DNA Sequences in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Negative Immunodeficient Infant." Journal of Infectious Diseases 183, no. 2 (2001): 338–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/317925.

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Grote, Deanna, Stephen J. Russell, Tatjana I. Cornu, et al. "Live attenuated measles virus induces regression of human lymphoma xenografts in immunodeficient mice." Blood 97, no. 12 (2001): 3746–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v97.12.3746.

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Derivatives of the Edmonston-B strain of measles virus (MV-Ed) are safe, live attenuated measles virus (MV) vaccines that have been used worldwide for more than 30 years. The cytoreductive potential of MV-Ed has been investigated in murine models of both aggressive and indolent B-cell lymphoma in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. The rationale for these studies was generated by experience with viral fusogenic membrane glycoproteins as cytotoxic genes and the recognition of the potential of replicating viruses in the treatment of human malignancy. Intratumoral injection of both unmod

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Roth, Michael D., Donald P. Tashkin, Ruth Choi, Beth D. Jamieson, Jerome A. Zack, and Gayle Cocita Baldwin. "Cocaine Enhances Human Immunodeficiency Virus Replication in a Model of Severe Combined Immunodeficient Mice Implanted with Human Peripheral Blood Leukocytes." Journal of Infectious Diseases 185, no. 5 (2002): 701–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/339012.

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Bintang, Andi Kurnia, Ummu Atiah, and Billi Billi. "HIV-RELATED CEREBRAL TOXOPLASMOSIS TREATED WITH ANTIMALARIA MEDICINES: A CASE REPORT." MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) 10, no. 1 (2024): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.mnj.2024.010.01.18.

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Background: Cerebral toxoplasmosis is a central nervous system disease caused by infection of intracellular parasite (Toxoplasma gondii) which happened due to activation of dormant form inside brain tissue in immunodeficient patients, especially in people living with HIV/AIDS (Human Immunodeficiency Virus/ Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) or PLWHA. Case Presentation: A 36-year-old man with subacute headache, fever, changing personal behaviour and confusion that persisted for one month. He also had white spot in mouth, history of significant weight loss, meningeal signs, and motoric disturba

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Navarro, Maritza, and I. Celine Hanson. "ENCEPHALOPATHY IN CHILDREN WITH PERINATALLY ACQUIRED HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION." Pediatrics 98, no. 2 (1996): 344–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.98.2.344a.

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HIV-induced encephalopathy is common among children with vertically acquired HIV (10% of HIV infected children; 23% of children with AIDS). HIV encephalopathy represents 12% of first-reported ADCs and 12% of subsequent ADCs. Most cases were diagnosed by 3 years of age and the highest risk occurred during the first year of life. No demographic or birth characteristics predicted the development of encephalopathy. An association between cardiomyopathy and encephalopathy was noted. Children with HIV encephalopathy were severely immunodeficient, and survival time was poor. This report demonstrates

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Kaiser, Marco, Déborah Delaune, Olivier Chazouillères, Johannes Blümel, Anne-Marie Roque-Afonso, and Sally A. Baylis. "A World Health Organization Human Hepatitis E Virus Reference Strain Related to Similar Strains Isolated from Rabbits." Genome Announcements 6, no. 16 (2018): e00292-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/genomea.00292-18.

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ABSTRACT We report here the genome sequence of a hepatitis E virus (HEV) strain from a chronically infected immunodeficient patient. Full-length sequence analysis revealed a distinct HEV strain, of a tentative new subgenotype, clustering with viruses from rabbits. It is a World Health Organization reference strain for validation of nucleic acid testing.

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Segall, H., I. Lubin, H. Marcus, A. Canaan, and Y. Reisner. "Generation of primary antigen-specific human cytotoxic T lymphocytes in human/mouse radiation chimera." Blood 88, no. 2 (1996): 721–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v88.2.721.bloodjournal882721.

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Severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice are increasingly used as hosts for the adoptive transfer of human lymphocytes. Human antibody responses can be obtained in these xenogeneic chimeras, but information about the functionality of the human T cells in SCID mice is limited and controversial. Studies using human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) injected intraperitoneally (IP) into SCID mice (hu-PBL-SCID mice) have shown that human T cells from these chimeras are anergic and have a defective signaling via the T-cell receptor. In addition, their antigenic repertoire is limited to xenoreact

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Kelly, Patrick F., Jody Vandergriff, Amit Nathwani, Arthur W. Nienhuis, and Elio F. Vanin. "Highly efficient gene transfer into cord blood nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency repopulating cells by oncoretroviral vector particles pseudotyped with the feline endogenous retrovirus (RD114) envelope protein." Blood 96, no. 4 (2000): 1206–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v96.4.1206.

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Abstract Limited expression of the amphotropic envelope receptor is a recognized barrier to efficient oncoretroviral vector–mediated gene transfer. Human hematopoietic cell lines and cord blood–derived CD34+ and CD34+, CD38− cell populations and the progenitors contained therein were transduced far more efficiently with oncoretroviral particles pseudotyped with the envelope protein of feline endogenous virus (RD114) than with conventional amphotropic vector particles. Similarly, human repopulating cells from umbilical cord blood capable of establishing hematopoiesis in immunodeficient mice wer

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Kelly, Patrick F., Jody Vandergriff, Amit Nathwani, Arthur W. Nienhuis, and Elio F. Vanin. "Highly efficient gene transfer into cord blood nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency repopulating cells by oncoretroviral vector particles pseudotyped with the feline endogenous retrovirus (RD114) envelope protein." Blood 96, no. 4 (2000): 1206–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v96.4.1206.h8001206_1206_1214.

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Limited expression of the amphotropic envelope receptor is a recognized barrier to efficient oncoretroviral vector–mediated gene transfer. Human hematopoietic cell lines and cord blood–derived CD34+ and CD34+, CD38− cell populations and the progenitors contained therein were transduced far more efficiently with oncoretroviral particles pseudotyped with the envelope protein of feline endogenous virus (RD114) than with conventional amphotropic vector particles. Similarly, human repopulating cells from umbilical cord blood capable of establishing hematopoiesis in immunodeficient mice were efficie

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Pai, Sung-Yun, Kathryn Lurain, and Robert Yarchoan. "How immunodeficiency can lead to malignancy." Hematology 2021, no. 1 (2021): 287–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/hematology.2021000261.

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Abstract Immunodeficiency, whether acquired in the case of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or congenital due to inborn errors of immunity (IEIs), presents clinically with not only infection and immune dysregulation but also increased risk of malignancy. The range of malignancies seen is relatively limited and attributable to the particular cellular and molecular defects in each disease. CD4+ T-cell lymphopenia in people living with HIV infection (PLWH) and certain IEIs drive the predisposition to aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas, including certain rare subtypes rarely seen

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Ober, B. T., P. Brühl, M. Schmidt, et al. "Immunogenicity and Safety of Defective Vaccinia Virus Lister: Comparison with Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara." Journal of Virology 76, no. 15 (2002): 7713–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.76.15.7713-7723.2002.

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ABSTRACT Potent and safe vaccinia virus vectors inducing cell-mediated immunity are needed for clinical use. Replicating vaccinia viruses generally induce strong cell-mediated immunity; however, they may have severe adverse effects. As a vector for clinical use, we assessed the defective vaccinia virus system, in which deletion of an essential gene blocks viral replication, resulting in an infectious virus that does not multiply in the host. The vaccinia virus Lister/Elstree strain, used during worldwide smallpox eradication, was chosen as the parental virus. The immunogenicity and safety of t

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Hartsfield, C. L., D. Lipke, Y. L. Lai, D. A. Cohen, and M. N. Gillespie. "Pulmonary mechanical and immunologic dysfunction in a murine model of AIDS." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 272, no. 4 (1997): L699—L706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.1997.272.4.l699.

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Human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients occasionally exhibit alveolar septal wall thickening and decreases in gas diffusion capacity, but the mechanism underlying these abnormalities is unknown. The present study evaluated septal wall thickness and gas exchange properties in a murine model of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and determined whether there were alterations in lung lymphocyte deposition and activation that could contribute to changes in respiratory structure and function. Although alveolar septal wall thickness did not differ from control at 1, 2, and 4 wk postimmunos

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Pisa, P., MJ Cannon, EK Pisa, NR Cooper, and RI Fox. "Epstein-Barr virus induced lymphoproliferative tumors in severe combined immunodeficient mice are oligoclonal." Blood 79, no. 1 (1992): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v79.1.173.173.

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Abstract Severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice reconstituted with lymphocytes from Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) negative human donors develop aggressive tumors after the chimeric mice are infected with EBV. The tumors were composed of human B cells that expressed EBV encoded antigens (latent membrane protein and EBV nuclear antigen2). Southern blot analysis of DNA from 16 SCID/hu tumors with human Ig gene probes showed that each tumor contained multiple heavy and light chain gene rearrangements. Ig kappa gene rearrangements were frequent, while clonal lambda gene rearrangements were infreque

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Pisa, P., MJ Cannon, EK Pisa, NR Cooper, and RI Fox. "Epstein-Barr virus induced lymphoproliferative tumors in severe combined immunodeficient mice are oligoclonal." Blood 79, no. 1 (1992): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v79.1.173.bloodjournal791173.

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Severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice reconstituted with lymphocytes from Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) negative human donors develop aggressive tumors after the chimeric mice are infected with EBV. The tumors were composed of human B cells that expressed EBV encoded antigens (latent membrane protein and EBV nuclear antigen2). Southern blot analysis of DNA from 16 SCID/hu tumors with human Ig gene probes showed that each tumor contained multiple heavy and light chain gene rearrangements. Ig kappa gene rearrangements were frequent, while clonal lambda gene rearrangements were infrequent. Analy

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Florea, Anca V., Diana N. Ionescu, and Mona F. Melhem. "Parvovirus B19 Infection in the Immunocompromised Host." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 131, no. 5 (2007): 799–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2007-131-799-pbiiti.

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Abstract Human parvovirus B19 is a single-stranded DNA virus with a predilection for infecting rapidly dividing cell lines, such as bone marrow erythroid progenitor cells. People with defective cell-mediated immunity (eg, severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome; acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; and patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy, ie, post organ transplant) can develop pure red cell aplasia, in which suppression of erythroid precursors is permanent. Identification of parvovirus inclusions in marrow biopsies and subsequent confirmation of infection by in situ hybridization is

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List, A. F., F. A. Greco, and L. B. Vogler. "Lymphoproliferative diseases in immunocompromised hosts: the role of Epstein-Barr virus." Journal of Clinical Oncology 5, no. 10 (1987): 1673–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1987.5.10.1673.

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Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous transforming virus of the herpes group showing tropism for B lymphocytes. Primary infection in normal hosts results in a transient lymphoproliferative disorder, acute infectious mononucleosis (IM), that is restricted by cytotoxic and suppressive lymphocytes. However, in the immunodeficient host, EBV-induced lymphoproliferation may behave in a biologically malignant fashion. Patients with primary immunodeficiencies and those with immune incompetence resulting from suppressive therapy in allograft transplantation or infection with human immunodeficiency v

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Baroncini, Luca, Simon Bredl, Kadzioch P. Nicole, and Roberto F. Speck. "The Humanized Mouse Model: What Added Value Does It Offer for HIV Research?" Pathogens 12, no. 4 (2023): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12040608.

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In the early 2000s, novel humanized mouse models based on the transplantation of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) into immunocompromised mice were introduced (hu mice). The human HSPCs gave rise to a lymphoid system of human origin. The HIV research community has greatly benefitted from these hu mice. Since human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 infection results in a high-titer disseminated HIV infection, hu mice have been of great value for all types of HIV research from pathogenesis to novel therapies. Since the first description of this new generation of hu mice, gr

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Sattler, F. R. "Effects of Pharmacological Doses of Nandrolone Decanoate and Progressive Resistance Training in Immunodeficient Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 84, no. 4 (1999): 1268–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.84.4.1268.

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Chao, Hengjun, and Christopher E. Walsh. "Induction of tolerance to human factor VIII in mice." Blood 97, no. 10 (2001): 3311–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v97.10.3311.

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Abstract This paper reports loss of human factor VIII (hFVIII) inhibitory antibody in immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice. High-titer anti-hFVIII antibody developed in the mice within 7 to 14 days of intraportal administration of adeno-associated virus (AAV) carrying FVIII that coincided with a reduction in plasma hFVIII antigen. Bethesda titers (&gt; 100 units) persisted relatively unchanged for 9 to 10 months. Unexpectedly, at 10 months after injection of the virus, hFVIII protein (up to 59 ng/mL) was detected in 3 mice at the same time as disappearance of hFVIII inhibitor. The level of hFVIII

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Delbue, Serena, Mariano Ferraresso, Luciana Ghio, et al. "A Review on JC Virus Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients." Clinical and Developmental Immunology 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/926391.

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The polyomavirus (PyV), JC virus (JCV), is a small nonenveloped DNA virus that asymptomatically infects about 80% of healthy adults and establishes latency in the kidney tissue. In case of immunodeficient hosts, JCV can lytically infect the oligodendrocytes, causing a fatal demyelinating disease, known as progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Although the reactivation of another human PyV, BK virus (BKV), is relatively common and its association with the polyomavirus associated nephropathy (PyVAN) following renal transplantation is proven, JCV replication and its impact on graft fu

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Kwant-Mitchell, Amanda, Ali A. Ashkar, and Kenneth L. Rosenthal. "Mucosal Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 in a Humanized Mouse Model." Journal of Virology 83, no. 20 (2009): 10664–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02584-08.

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ABSTRACT Genital herpes, caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), is one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted diseases worldwide and a risk factor for acquiring human immunodeficiency virus. Although many vaccine candidates have shown promising results in animal models, they have failed to be effective in human trials. In this study, a humanized mouse strain was evaluated as a potential preclinical model for studying human immune responses to HSV-2 infection and vaccination. Immunodeficient mouse strains were examined for their abilities to develop human innate and adaptive immune

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Krishnakumar, Vinodhini, Siva Durairajan, Kalichamy Alagarasu, Min Li, and Aditya Dash. "Recent Updates on Mouse Models for Human Immunodeficiency, Influenza, and Dengue Viral Infections." Viruses 11, no. 3 (2019): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11030252.

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Well-developed mouse models are important for understanding the pathogenesis and progression of immunological response to viral infections in humans. Moreover, to test vaccines, anti-viral drugs and therapeutic agents, mouse models are fundamental for preclinical investigations. Human viruses, however, seldom infect mice due to differences in the cellular receptors used by the viruses for entry, as well as in the innate immune responses in mice and humans. In other words, a species barrier exists when using mouse models for investigating human viral infections. Developing transgenic (Tg) mice

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Andreo, Ursula, Ype P. de Jong, Margaret A. Scull, et al. "Analysis of Hepatitis C Virus Particle Heterogeneity in Immunodeficient Human Liver Chimeric fah-/- Mice." Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology 4, no. 3 (2017): 405–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmgh.2017.07.002.

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Woods, Niels-Bjarne, Cecilia Fahlman, Hanna Mikkola, et al. "Lentiviral gene transfer into primary and secondary NOD/SCID repopulating cells." Blood 96, no. 12 (2000): 3725–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v96.12.3725.

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Abstract The ability of lentiviral vectors to transfer genes into human hematopoietic stem cells was studied, using a human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1)–derived vector expressing the green fluorescence protein (GFP) downstream of the phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) promoter and pseudotyped with the G protein of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). High-efficiency transduction of human cord blood CD34+cells was achieved after overnight incubation with vector particles. Sixteen to 28 percent of individual colony-forming units granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM) colonies derived from cord blood CD34+

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Woods, Niels-Bjarne, Cecilia Fahlman, Hanna Mikkola, et al. "Lentiviral gene transfer into primary and secondary NOD/SCID repopulating cells." Blood 96, no. 12 (2000): 3725–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v96.12.3725.h8003725_3725_3733.

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The ability of lentiviral vectors to transfer genes into human hematopoietic stem cells was studied, using a human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1)–derived vector expressing the green fluorescence protein (GFP) downstream of the phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) promoter and pseudotyped with the G protein of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). High-efficiency transduction of human cord blood CD34+cells was achieved after overnight incubation with vector particles. Sixteen to 28 percent of individual colony-forming units granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM) colonies derived from cord blood CD34+ cells wer

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