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Journal articles on the topic 'Human lower limb'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Duan, Lan, Chengwei Bao, Dongwen Li, and Xueming Qian. "Design of lower limb fitness exoskeleton based on ergonomics." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 81 (January 26, 2024): 790–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/2r7crk19.

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The lower limb fitness exoskeleton can overcome the load and reach the exercise effect by human moving arms and legs. In this paper, the structural features of human lower limb joints, human gait, and degrees of freedom of lower limbs are analyzed from the perspective of bionics, and a lower limb fitness exoskeleton structure is designed by combining the operating principle and main structural components of the lower limb exoskeleton. The modeling and calibration of the human body and lower limb fitness exoskeleton are completed by Solidworks and ANSYS. Developing the count recorder could dete

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2

Yu, Jian, Jun Yi Cao, and Cheng Guang Li. "Dynamic Modeling and Complexity Analysis of Human Lower Limb under Various Speeds." Applied Mechanics and Materials 868 (July 2017): 212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.868.212.

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Human lower limbs are the most important parts of human body due to their supporting the whole body in the process of human motions. There are many pathological joint diseases and accidental damage, such as traffic accident and falling off from high place, influencing the human daily life seriously. Therefore, dynamic model of human lower limb has received considerable interest from multi-disciplines including flexible mechanisms, smart structures, biomechanics and nonlinear dynamics. This paper establishes the simplified simulation model of human lower limb based on the acquired realistic dat

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Møller, Aage R., Peter J. Jannetta, and Hae Dong Jho. "Recordings from Human Dorsal Column Nuclei Using Stimulation of the Lower Limb." Neurosurgery 26, no. 2 (1990): 291–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/00006123-199002000-00017.

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Abstract Responses from the surface of the dorsal column nuclei and the dorsal surface of the spinal cord were recorded using monopolar electrodes after stimulation of the lower limbs (common peroneal nerve at the knee and posterior tibial nerve at the ankle) in patients undergoing neurosurgical operations for spasmodic torticollis. Those responses were smaller in amplitude than responses to stimulation of the upper limbs (median nerve at the wrist), and the waveforms differed. The negative deflection that is prominent in the response to stimulation of the upper limbs is more variable, broader

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Gonçalves, Rogério Sales, João Carlos Mendes Carvalho, Lucas Antonio Oliveira Rodrigues, and André Marques Barbosa. "Cable-Driven Parallel Manipulator for Lower Limb Rehabilitation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 459 (October 2013): 535–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.459.535.

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The development of robotic devices to apply in the rehabilitation process of human lower limbs is justified by the large number of people with lower limb problems due to stroke and/or accidents. Thus, this paper presents a cable-driven parallel manipulator for lower limb rehabilitation which is composed by a fixed base and a mobile platform that can be connected to one cable at most six and can performing the movement of human gait and the individual movements of the hip, the knee and the ankle. This paper starts with a study of the basic movements of the lower limb. Then the kinetostatic and

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Yang, Pei-Lin, and Lai-Hsing Hsu. "DIMENSIONLESS ANALYSIS OF HUMAN LOWER LIMB." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 29, no. 3 (2005): 423–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2005-0026.

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This study derives a dimensionless kinematic model using a coordinate transformation matrix to analyze the kinematic characteristics of human lower limb. The lower limb model in this study considers three segments including the thigh, shank and foot, and three joints, namely the hip, knee, ankle and the two extremes of the foot, namely the heel and toe. Based on the dimensionless analysis model ignoring human stature, the kinematic characteristics of lower limb can be described by the relationships of the dimensionless displacements, velocities and accelerations with respect to dimensionless t

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Sanyaolu, Olufemi Oluseun, Ayodele Samuel Onawumi, Abiola Olufemi Ajayeoba, Olanrewaju Seun Adesina, and Modupe Eunice Sanyaolu. "BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF THE LOWER EXTREMITY DURING MANUAL LIFTING ACTIVITIES." Suranaree Journal of Science and Technology 31, no. 2 (2024): 030181(1–13). http://dx.doi.org/10.55766/sujst-2024-02-e03106.

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Manual lifting activities involve lots of movement of the body and particularly the lower extremity. This study evaluated the biomechanical analysis of the human lower limb segments during manual lifting activities. The motion of the human lower limb in different cases is analysed, which provides a theoretical basis for motion dynamics. The lower limb segments are model as dynamic linkages with kinematics equations developed using inverse dynamics. Kinematic analysis of the human lower limb was done using the De Leva’s ratio and the Dempster’s Model. The hip, knee and foot segments were measur

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Ayad, Dina, Alaa Al-Ibadi, and Maria Elena Giannaccini. "Lower Limb Rehabilitation Exoskeleton Robots, A review." Iraqi Journal for Electrical and Electronic Engineering 21, no. 1 (2024): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.37917/ijeee.21.1.3.

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Using a lower limb exoskeleton for rehabilitation (LLE) Lower limb exoskeleton rehabilitation robots (LER) are designed to assist patients with daily duties and help them regain their ability to walk. Even though a substantial portion of them is capable of doing both, they have not yet succeeded in conducting agile and intelligent joint movement between humans and machines, which is their ultimate goal. The typical LLE products, rapid prototyping, and cutting-edge techniques are covered in this review. Restoring a patient's athletic prowess to its pr-accident level is the aim of rehabilitation

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Packard, David S., E. Mark Levinsohn, and David R. Hootnick. "Extent of Duplication in Lower-Limb Malformations Suggests the Time of the Teratogenic Insult." Pediatrics 91, no. 2 (1993): 411–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.91.2.411.

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Investigations of vertebrate limb development have suggested that a process called "specification" instructs the cells of the future limb as to which tissues they should form. This process proceeds in a wave-like manner, starting at the most proximal levels of the future limb and ending at its distal tip. Human limb specification probably occurs during the fourth and fifth weeks of development. It is proposed that human limb duplications result from errors of specification and, furthermore, that the more distal the duplication, the later the occurrence of the teratogenic event during the speci

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Ren, Bin, Jianwei Liu, Xurong Luo, and Jiayu Chen. "On the kinematic design of anthropomorphic lower limb exoskeletons and their matching movement." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 16, no. 5 (2019): 172988141987590. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881419875908.

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The lower limb exoskeleton is a wearable device for assisting medical rehabilitation. A classical lower limb exoskeleton structures cannot precisely match the kinematics of the wearer’s limbs and joints in movement, so a novel anthropomorphic lower limb exoskeleton based on series–parallel mechanism is proposed in this article. Then, the human lower limb movements are measured by an optical gait capture system. Comparing the simulation results of the series–parallel mechanism with the measured human data, the kinematics matching model at the hip joint is established. The results show that the

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Li, Jian, Jian Peng, Zhen Lu, and Kemin Huang. "The Wearable Lower Limb Rehabilitation Exoskeleton Kinematic Analysis and Simulation." BioMed Research International 2022 (August 29, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5029663.

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In recent years, due to the increase in the incidence of traffic accidents, the number of people with limb injuries has also increased. At the same time, among the aging population, neurological diseases or cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases have caused many people to have limb hemiplegia. It has been clinically proven that the use of rehabilitation equipment can help patients with limb injuries to restore limb motor function. This paper takes wearable lower limb rehabilitation exoskeleton as the research object, and its main contents are mechanical structure design, kinematics analys

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11

Huang, Yahui. "Intelligent assistive robot design based on big data analysis and biomechanical analysis." Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics 22, no. 5 (2025): 1381. https://doi.org/10.62617/mcb1381.

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To improve the training effectiveness of rehabilitation training for patients with lower limb injuries, the research optimized the long short-term memory network algorithm using convolutional neural network algorithm, and conducted big data analysis on the biomechanics of the human lower limb based on the optimized algorithm. Through the results of big data analysis, the mechanical response mechanism of the human lower limb during movement was studied, and a rehabilitation training intelligent assistive robot that aligns more closely with the biomechanical properties of the human body was desi

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Arnold, Edith M., and Scott L. Delp. "Fibre operating lengths of human lower limb muscles during walking." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 366, no. 1570 (2011): 1530–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0345.

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Muscles actuate movement by generating forces. The forces generated by muscles are highly dependent on their fibre lengths, yet it is difficult to measure the lengths over which muscle fibres operate during movement. We combined experimental measurements of joint angles and muscle activation patterns during walking with a musculoskeletal model that captures the relationships between muscle fibre lengths, joint angles and muscle activations for muscles of the lower limb. We used this musculoskeletal model to produce a simulation of muscle–tendon dynamics during walking and calculated fibre oper

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Yan, Gongxing, Jialing Li, Hui Xie, and Minggui Zhou. "Adaptive Control System of Intelligent Lower Limb Prosthesis Based on 5G Virtual Reality." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (March 18, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4572503.

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With the rapid development of computer science and technology in our country, especially the advent of the 5G network era, the emergence of smart prostheses makes it possible for disabled, injured, or amputee people with lower limbs to walk and exercise like normal people. However, due to the different selection of prosthetic materials, the final lower limb prostheses produced will also have different performance differences. How to select prosthetic materials to optimize the performance of the intelligent lower limb prosthesis is the focus of extensive discussion in the medical community. For

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Song, Lulu, Aihui Wang, and Junpei Zhong. "Inverse Dynamics Modeling and Analysis of Healthy Human Data for Lower Limb Rehabilitation Robots." Electronics 11, no. 23 (2022): 3848. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11233848.

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Bio-controllers inspired by the characteristics of the human lower limb play an important role in the study of lower limb rehabilitation robots (LLRRs). However, the inverse dynamics modeling of robots for human lower limb rehabilitation remains a challenging issue due to the non-linear and strong coupling characteristics of the bio-controller. To further improve the inverse dynamics model’s accuracy, this paper proposes the use of a non-parametric modeling approach in order to learn it. In detail, the main idea is to use the motion data of the main joints of the lower limbs of healthy people

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15

Riaz Baloch, Shahzaib, Syed Ata ur Rahman, Anisuddin Bhatti, and Fahad Jataoi. "Unveiling the Rarity: A Case Report of Rudimentary Third Lower Limb." SVOA Orthopaedics 4, no. 2 (2024): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.58624/svoaor.2024.04.068.

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Extra supernumerary lower limb a very rare manifestation in human being and animals. Till date literature review reveals around 31 cases. We are presenting such a case on Pygomelia of a 3 month old baby with a rudimentary (third) lower limb arising from her right buttock. Clinical examination revealed an extra lower limb that was arising from para-medial aspect of the right gluteal region just lateral to the gluteal cleft. The limb had some degrees of movement at the hip and rudimentary knee. Radiographically, the extra limb had a compete femora with a rudimentary tibia, ankle and foot. The kn

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16

Wang, Xusheng, Yongfei Feng, Jiazhong Zhang, et al. "Design and Analysis of a Lower Limb Rehabilitation Training Component for Bedridden Stroke Patients." Machines 9, no. 10 (2021): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines9100224.

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Carrying out the immediate rehabilitation interventional therapy will better improve the curative effect of rehabilitation therapy, after the condition of bedridden stroke patients becomes stable. A new lower limb rehabilitation training module, as a component of a synchronous rehabilitation robot for bedridden stroke patients’ upper and lower limbs, is proposed. It can electrically adjust the body shape of patients with a different weight and height. Firstly, the innovative mechanism design of the lower limb rehabilitation training module is studied. Then, the mechanism of the lower limb reha

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Weerakkody, Thilina H., Thilina Dulantha Lalitharatne, and R. A. R. C. Gopura. "Adaptive Foot in Lower-Limb Prostheses." Journal of Robotics 2017 (2017): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9618375.

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The human foot consists of complex sets of joints. The adaptive nature of the human foot enables it to be stable on any uneven surface. It is important to have such adaptive capabilities in the artificial prosthesis to achieve most of the essential movements for lower-limb amputees. However, many existing lower-limb prostheses lack the adaptive nature. This paper reviews lower-limb adaptive foot prostheses. In order to understand the design concepts of adaptive foot prostheses, the biomechanics of human foot have been explained. Additionally, the requirements and design challenges are investig

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18

Ostaszewski, Michał, and Franciszek Siemieniako. "Laboratory Station for Research on Angular Translocation in Human Lower Limbs." Solid State Phenomena 199 (March 2013): 326–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.199.326.

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In the article a construction of a laboratory station for determination of angles in three kinematic pairs of human lower limbs exoskeleton is described. The constructed exoskeleton is supposed to support human lower limbs only on plane vertical to ground. In article the results of measurement of movement parameters of walking human lower limbs obtained using the measuring station. Measurement of angular displacement on the station is realized using six angular displacement absolute transducers. The station is also one of the components contained in lower limb exoskeleton being constructed. Th

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19

Cherry, Michael S., Sridhar Kota, Aaron Young, and Daniel P. Ferris. "Running With an Elastic Lower Limb Exoskeleton." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 32, no. 3 (2016): 269–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.2015-0155.

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Although there have been many lower limb robotic exoskeletons that have been tested for human walking, few devices have been tested for assisting running. It is possible that a pseudo-passive elastic exoskeleton could benefit human running without the addition of electrical motors due to the spring-like behavior of the human leg. We developed an elastic lower limb exoskeleton that added stiffness in parallel with the entire lower limb. Six healthy, young subjects ran on a treadmill at 2.3 m/s with and without the exoskeleton. Although the exoskeleton was designed to provide ~50% of normal leg

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20

ZHOU, Xin, Geng LIU, Yunqi TANG, Bing HAN, and Xiaoli LIU. "Analysis and evaluation of human lower limb energy collection and walking assisted exoskeleton." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 40, no. 1 (2022): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20224010095.

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With the aging of the population, the decline of human body function leads to the decline of limb flexibility, and the severe cases lose the ability to walk. Research shows that the lower limb exoskeleton can assist human walking. In this paper, a lower limb exoskeleton is designed, which can collect the energy of the healthy side of the lower limb and release it when the affected side of the lower limb walks. The unilateral lower limb is used to compensate the movement of the affected limb, assist walking, and realize the collection, management and migration of human motion energy. The result

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Wang, Zhiming, Lizhen Cui, Zhenglong Cai, and Changfu Pang. "Modeling Analysis and Structural Design of Human Lower Limb Rehabilitation Robot." MATEC Web of Conferences 232 (2018): 02032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823202032.

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With the rapid development of science and technology, robots are widely used in rehabilitation training. According to the physiological structure of human lower limbs and gait characteristics of walking, a lower limb rehabilitation robot is designed in this paper. We design the structure in a form of exoskeleton with three degrees of freedom in which kinematics analysis is carried out by the D-H coordinate transformation method. And then we obtain the relationship between the end effector and the angle of each joint. In addition, the relationship between end effector speed and joint speed is o

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22

Zhao, Yixuan, Haonan Li, Zheng Li, Shuqin Wu, Yiming Wang, and Chenwen Chai. "Kinematics and Dynamics Simulation of Lower Limb Exoskeleton Walking Assist Mechanism." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2528, no. 1 (2023): 012052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2528/1/012052.

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Abstract To solve the problem of rehabilitation training for patients with limited mobility of lower limbs, a scheme of lower limb exoskeleton walking assistance mechanism was proposed. The D-H model of the walking assist mechanism is established, and the forward kinematics is solved. The exoskeleton workspace is analyzed by the Monte Carlo method. The kinematics and dynamics simulation analysis of the walking assist mechanism is completed by using ADAMS software, and the rationality of the kinematics and dynamics performance is verified. The results show that the lower limb exoskeleton walkin

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Rusu, Lucian, Mirela Toth-Taşcău, and Cristian Toader-Pasti. "Virtual Geometric Model of the Human Lower Limb." Key Engineering Materials 601 (March 2014): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.601.193.

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The aim of this paper is to develop and validate the mathematical model of the human lower limb based on Denavit-Hartenberg (D-H) robotics convention. The proposed geometric model has 7 degrees of freedom (DOF) (3 DOF in hip joint, 2 DOF in knee joint, and 2 DOF in ankle joint). The fixed reference system was placed in the weight centre of the human body. The input data for the model are the angle variations and anthropometric parameters of the lower limb. The angle variations can be defined or imported from a gait analysis system. The anthropometric parameters were introduced from the literat

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Ren, Bin, Zhiqiang Zhang, Chi Zhang, and Silu Chen. "Motion Trajectories Prediction of Lower Limb Exoskeleton Based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Networks." Actuators 11, no. 3 (2022): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act11030073.

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A typical man–machine coupling system could provide the wearer a coordinated and assisted movement by the lower limb exoskeleton. The process of cooperative movement relies on the accurate perception of the wearer’s human movement information and the accurate planning and control of the joint movement of the lower limb exoskeleton. In this paper, a neural network and a Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) machine learning model method is proposed to predict the actual movement trajectory of the human body’s lower limbs. Then a wearable joint angle measurement device was designed for gait trajectory p

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Molina, Ludwin, and Marek Iwaniec. "Lower limb models used for biomechanical analysis of human walking." MATEC Web of Conferences 357 (2022): 03006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202235703006.

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Over time, many researchers have focused on creating models to mathematically represent movements performed by human lower limbs, such as walking, running, and jumping. These models provide a non-invasive method to estimate kinematic and kinetic parameters under different conditions. This article reviews the main lower limb models used to study human walking and compares their performance with a 3D model consisting of seven links created using the simulation environment Simscape Multibody. A description of each model is presented, highlighting its main characteristics and the assumptions that

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Wang, Yuhong, Xianhui Wang, Ning Ma, Qiang Zhou, Jianguo Wang, and Xiaowang Sun. "Numerical simulation of response behavior and damage regularity of human lower limbs under axial impact load." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2791, no. 1 (2024): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2791/1/012011.

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Abstract Axial impacts to the lower extremities of personnel in events such as explosions and falls on the underside of vehicles, which are extremely hazardous to personnel, may result in serious injuries. Most of the current studies on human lower limb injuries from axial loading have not considered the restraining effect of the knee joint. In this paper, based on the THUMS human finite element model, the failure parameters of the tibia, calcaneus, and talus of the lower limb are added and verified. On this basis, the response behavior of the lower limbs of personnel under different axial loa

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Das, Susmita, Dalia Nandi, and Biswarup Neogi. "Design Analysis of Prosthetic Unilateral Transtibial Lower Limb with Gait Coordination." Prosthesis 5, no. 2 (2023): 575–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/prosthesis5020040.

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People with lower limb amputations struggle through difficulties during locomotion in their daily activities. People with transtibial amputations take support from prosthetic legs for systematic movement. During motion, they experience some mobility issues while using general prosthetic limbs regarding gait pattern. The design of a prosthetic-controlled lower limb with gait synchronization for physically disabled persons is the main goal of the present research work, which can provide an improved walking experience. The design and performance analysis of prosthetic lower limbs for people with

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Lace, Karol Lann vel, and Michalina Błażkiewicz. "How does the ski boot affect human gait and joint loading?" Biomedical Human Kinetics 13, no. 1 (2021): 163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2021-0020.

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Abstract Study aim: To investigate the effect of wearing ski boots on kinematic and kinetic parameters of lower limbs during gait. Furthermore, loads in lower limb joints were assessed using the musculoskeletal model. Material and methods: The study examined 10 healthy women with shoe size 40 (EUR). Kinematic and kinetic data of walking in ski boots and barefoot were collected using a Vicon system and Kistler plates. A musculoskeletal model derived from AnyBody Modeling System was used to calculate joint reaction forces. Results: Wearing ski boots caused the range of motion in the knee joint t

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Jiang, Feilong, Guoliang Tao, and Qingwei Li. "Analysis and control of a parallel lower limb based on pneumatic artificial muscles." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 9, no. 1 (2017): 168781401668500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814016685002.

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Most robots that are actuated by antagonistic pneumatic artificial muscles are controlled by various control algorithms that cannot adequately imitate the actual muscle distribution of human limbs. Other robots in which the distribution of pneumatic artificial muscle is similar to that of human limbs can only analyze the position of the robot using perceptual data instead of rational knowledge. In order to better imitate the movement of a human limb, the article proposes a humanoid lower limb in the form of a parallel mechanism where muscle is unevenly distributed. Next, the kinematic and dyna

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Zhigailov, Sergei, Victor Musalimov, Gennady Aryassov, and Igor Penkov. "Modelling and Simulation of Human Lower–Limb Motion." International Review on Modelling and Simulations (IREMOS) 9, no. 2 (2016): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.15866/iremos.v9i2.8358.

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Cofaru, Ioana, and Iulia Huzu. "Generalized Modeling of the Human Lower Limb Assembly." ACTA Universitatis Cibiniensis 64, no. 1 (2014): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aucts-2014-0005.

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Abstract The main reason for creating a generalized assembly of the main bones of the lower human member is to create the premises of realizing a biomechanic assisted study which could be used for the study of the high range of varieties of pathologies that exist at this level. Starting from 3D CAD models of the main bones of the lower human member, which were realized in previous researches, in this study a generalized assembly system was developed, system in which are highlighted both the situation of an healthy subject and the situation of the situation of a subject affected by axial deviat

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ITO, Akira, Sota SHIMA, Hiroto MINOURA, and Youjiro TAMURA. "Simulation of Human Lower Limb with OpenSim Software." Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) 2017 (2017): 2P2—K03. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmermd.2017.2p2-k03.

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Timmann, D., C. Plummer, M. Schwarz, and H. C. Diener. "Influence of flupirtine on human lower limb reflexes." Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control 97, no. 3 (1995): 184–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0924-980x(95)00049-q.

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Friederich, James A., and Richard A. Brand. "Muscle fiber architecture in the human lower limb." Journal of Biomechanics 23, no. 1 (1990): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(90)90373-b.

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Denisov, Alexey V., Sergey V. Matveikin, Sergey V. Zaikin, Alexey V. Anisin, Svetlana N. Vasilyeva, and Evgeny A. Selivanov. "Application of a mathematical model of a human lower limb for modeling shock-wave effects of contact explosion." Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy 26, no. 3 (2024): 337–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/brmma629470.

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A simulation finite-element model of the destruction process of biomaterials of the human musculoskeletal system under shock-wave effects of a contact explosion is substantiated to predict the nature and extent of damage to the lower limbs, including designing special explosion-proof shoes. The physical and mechanical properties of the biological tissues of human lower limbs and their behavior under local shock-wave action were analyzed. The mechanical behavior of each biological material as part of a mathematical model of a human lower limb was selected. The original finite-element model of t

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Koupani, Anastasia, Athanasios Manavis, and Konstantinos Kakoulis. "A CAD-BASED SYSTEM FOR THE AUTOMATIC DESIGN OF LOWER PROSTHETIC LIMBS." International Journal of Modern Manufacturing Technologies 16, no. 3 (2024): 75–83. https://doi.org/10.54684/ijmmt.2024.16.3.75.

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Even today, many people around the world, that need artificial limbs, do not have access to them. This is mainly because of the high cost associated with the design and production of artificial limbs. One critical key factor that contributes to the cost of the production of artificial limbs is the complete customization of shapes and proportions to each individual patient. Automating this process could substantially reduce the cost of producing artificial limbs. In this paper we utilize the API (Application Programming Interface) of a commercial CAD-based system to automate the three-dimension

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Long, Yi, Hexiao Guo, Yutian Chi, and Duncheng Mo. "Review of Human-exoskeleton Control Strategy for Lower Limb Rehabilitation Exoskeleton." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2456, no. 1 (2023): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2456/1/012002.

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Abstract The research on exoskeleton robots has been widely carried out for many years around the world, especially the development of new-style lower limb exoskeletons for rehabilitation and assistance is one of the key research directions. The focus on the control system of lower limb exoskeletons for rehabilitation is discussed. Based on the public literature in recent years, it is summarized from three aspects, i.e., movement mode switching, human gait recognition and human-exoskeleton interaction control. Finally, the technical issues of the current lower limb rehabilitation exoskeleton c

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Shi, Xin, Pengjie Qin, Jiaqing Zhu, Shuyuan Xu, and Weiren Shi. "Lower Limb Motion Recognition Method Based on Improved Wavelet Packet Transform and Unscented Kalman Neural Network." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (April 27, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5684812.

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Exoskeleton robot is a typical application to assist the motion of lower limbs. To make the lower extremity exoskeleton more flexible, it is necessary to identify various motion intentions of the lower limbs of the human body. Although more sEMG sensors can be used to identify more lower limb motion intention, with the increase in the number of sensors, more and more data need to be processed. In the process of human motion, the collected sEMG signal is easy to be interfered with noise. To improve the practicality of the lower extremity exoskeleton robot, this paper proposed a wavelet packet t

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Besnea, Daniel, Alina Spanu, Edgar Moraru, Ghebuta Florea, and Mazen Elfarra. "Silicone Rubber Used for Lower Limb Prostheses." MATEC Web of Conferences 343 (2021): 08013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202134308013.

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The liner is one of the most important part of the lower limb protheses, whose role is to maintain the contact between the residual limb and the socket. Taking into account the residual limb has a variable volume, we have analysed the closed-cell prototype of the liner made of silicon rubber RTV-2. The mechanical properties of this material could provide the requirements imposed for the lower limb prostheses. Meantime it is innocuous for the human body, especially for skin contact and could be used for medical devices manufacturing.

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Kennedy, Paul M., Andrew G. Cresswell, Romeo Chua, and J. Timothy Inglis. "Vestibulospinal influences on lower limb motoneurons." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 82, no. 8-9 (2004): 675–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y04-080.

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Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) is a research tool used to activate the vestibular system in human subjects. When a low-intensity stimulus (1–4 mA) is delivered percutaneously to the vestibular nerve, a transient electromyographic response is observed a short time later in lower limb muscles. Typically, galvanically evoked responses are present when the test muscle is actively engaged in controlling standing balance. However, there is evidence to suggest that GVS may be able to modulate the activity of lower limb muscles when subjects are not in a free-standing situation. The purpose of

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Lu, Yuyang. "Progress and development trends of lower limb exoskeleton rehabilitation robots." Applied and Computational Engineering 93, no. 1 (2024): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/93/20240918.

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Abstract. Currently, as the aging population intensifies, many elderly people are trapped by lower limb dysfunctions caused by diseases such as stroke sequelae, spinal cord injuries, and bone injuries. Research on lower limb exoskeleton robots has made progress both domestically and internationally. Foreign lower limb exoskeleton robot technology is very mature and widely applied; although starting later, domestic development in this field has been rapid. This paper studies the key technologies of lower limb exoskeleton robots from several aspects: the degrees of freedom in human lower limb mo

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Pamungkas, Daniel S., Wahyu Caesarendra, Hendawan Soebakti, Riska Analia, and Susanto Susanto. "Overview: Types of Lower Limb Exoskeletons." Electronics 8, no. 11 (2019): 1283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8111283.

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Researchers have given attention to lower limb exoskeletons in recent years. Lower limb exoskeletons have been designed, prototype tested through experiments, and even produced. In general, lower limb exoskeletons have two different objectives: (1) rehabilitation and (2) assisting human work activities. Referring to these objectives, researchers have iteratively improved lower limb exoskeleton designs, especially in the location of actuators. Some of these devices use actuators, particularly on hips, ankles or knees of the users. Additionally, other devices employ a combination of actuators on

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Yang, Ning, Jin Tao Li, and Rong Wang. "A Method of Lower Limb Joint Points Extraction Based on Pendulum Model under Arbitrary Gesture Walk." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 4347–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.4347.

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The position extraction of lower limb joint points is important for gait recognition because the feature data is always based on the position of lower limb joint points. Since the detection of motion information of human body can affect the gait recognition directly, we propose a position extraction method of lower limb joint points in this paper. Through the study on the human body centroid tracking, and positioning of human lower limb joint point, we can obtain the step cycle information. It has been demonstrated via plenty experiments that the proposed method is feasible and easy for implem

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Zhou, Jinman, Shuo Yang, and Qiang Xue. "Lower limb rehabilitation exoskeleton robot: A review." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 13, no. 4 (2021): 168781402110118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16878140211011862.

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Lower limb rehabilitation exoskeleton robots (LLRERs) play a positive role in lower limb rehabilitation and assistance for patients with lower limb disorders, and they are helpful to improve patients’ physical status. More and more experiments pay more attention to the kinematic and dynamic data characteristics of different patient groups. However, it is not clear whether these devices have broad adaptability and their clinical significance, so it is necessary to summarize and analyze these research results. This paper summarizes the LLRERs prototype and product in recent years, also compares

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Jordan, Daniel J., Marco Malahias, Sandip Hindocha, and Ali Juma. "Flap Decisions and Options in Soft Tissue Coverage of the Lower Limb." Open Orthopaedics Journal 8, no. 1 (2014): 423–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874325001408010423.

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The lower extremities of the human body are more commonly known as the human legs, incorporating: the foot, the lower or anatomical leg, the thigh and the hip or gluteal region.The human lower limb plays a simpler role than that of the upper limb. Whereas the arm allows interaction of the surrounding environment, the legs’ primary goals are support and to allow upright ambulation. Essentially, this means that reconstruction of the leg is less complex than that required in restoring functionality of the upper limb. In terms of reconstruction, the primary goals are based on the preservation of l

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Kotov, E. A., A. D. Druk, and D. N. Klypin. "Development of human lower limbs exoskeleton robot for medical rehabilitation." Omsk Scientific Bulletin, no. 178 (2021): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.25206/1813-8225-2021-178-91-97.

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The article deals with the solution of the problem of optimizing the characteristics of controlled motion of human lower limb exoskeleton robot for improving medical rehabilitation. The aim of the work is to develop a rehabilitation device capable of providing controlled motion in two planes, as well as maintaining balance without loss of mobility. The design and control system of a rehabilitation trainer designed for performing mechanotherapy of the lower limbs of patients with locomotive disorders are proposed and characterized. The developed system has a number of significant differences fr

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Dong, Fangyan, Haoyu Li, and Yongfei Feng. "Mechanism Design and Performance Analysis of a Sitting/Lying Lower Limb Rehabilitation Robot." Machines 10, no. 8 (2022): 674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10080674.

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To meet the various need of stroke patients’ rehabilitation training and carry out complex task training in real scenes, the structure of a lower limb rehabilitation robot with movements in the sagittal plane and coronal plane is usually complicated. A new sitting/lying lower limb rehabilitation robot (LOBO) with a simple mechanism form is proposed, which is designed based on a 2-PRR parallel mechanism. First, the kinematics, singularity, and condition number of the 2-PRR parallel mechanism are analyzed, which provides the basis for mechanism parameter design. Then, through the proportional–de

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Bondi, Moshe, Gabi Zeilig, Ayala Bloch, Alfonso Fasano, and Meir Plotnik. "Split-arm swinging: the effect of arm swinging manipulation on interlimb coordination during walking." Journal of Neurophysiology 118, no. 2 (2017): 1021–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00130.2017.

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Control mechanisms for four-limb coordination in human locomotion are not fully known. To study the influence of arm swinging (AS) on bilateral coordination of the lower limbs during walking, we introduced a split-AS paradigm in young, healthy adults. AS manipulations caused deterioration in the anti-phased stepping pattern and impacted the AS amplitudes for the contralateral arm, suggesting that lower limb coordination is markedly influenced by the rhythmic AS during walking.

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Guan, Wei, Lan Zhou, and YouShen Cao. "Joint Motion Control for Lower Limb Rehabilitation Based on Iterative Learning Control (ILC) Algorithm." Complexity 2021 (January 28, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6651495.

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At present, the motion control algorithms of lower limb exoskeleton robots have errors in tracking the desired trajectory of human hip and knee joints, which leads to poor follow-up performance of the human-machine system. Therefore, an iterative learning control algorithm is proposed to track the desired trajectory of human hip and knee joints. In this paper, the experimental platform of lower limb exoskeleton rehabilitation robot is built, and the control system software and hardware design and robot prototype function test are carried out. On this basis, a series of experiments are carried

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Yokoi, Takashi, Akihiko Takahashi, and Keigo Ohyama Byun. "Self-Organization of Lower Limb Motion in Human Locomotion." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 8, no. 4 (1996): 364–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1996.p0364.

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This project was undertaken to demonstrate the modal bifurcation displayed in human locomotion and the nature of motional self-organization found in the lower limb joints via the continuously measured walking and running of subjects on a treadmill for five minutes. The knowledge obtained from this study is as follows: (1) The self-organizational patterns of leg motion differ between walking and running. (2) This pattern shift is achieved based on the joint angular relationship and the change in the dynamical systems controlling the flexion and extension of the ankle and hip joints. The motion

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