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Journal articles on the topic 'Human milk fortification'

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Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

RAUPP, P. "HUMAN MILK FORTIFICATION." Lancet 331, no. 8595 (1988): 1160–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(88)91969-1.

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Moro, G. E., I. Minoli, M. Ostrom, et al. "Fortification of Human Milk." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 20, no. 2 (1995): 162–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005176-199502000-00005.

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Moro, G. E., I. Minoli, M. Ostrom, et al. "Fortification of Human Milk." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 20, no. 2 (1995): 162–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.1995.tb11529.x.

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SummaryHuman milk fed to very‐low‐birth‐weight infants must be fortified with protein, minerals, and vitamins. We tested a new fortification regimen in which the amount of fortifier was adjusted on the basis of frequent determinations of serum urea nitrogen (SUN). A newly formulated fortifier based on bovine milk proteins was employed either in the new fashion (regimen ADJ) or in the conventional fixed proportion (regimen FIX). Using the fixed proportion, the study also compared the new fortifier with a fortifier based on human milk protein (regimen HMP). Twelve infants were studied with each

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Schanler, Richard J. "VII. Fortification of Human Milk With Human Milk Components." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 61 (September 2015): S9—S10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.mpg.0000471455.78296.7d.

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Yoshida, Yurika, Minami Azuma, Haruhiro Kuwabara, et al. "Human milk-based fortifier is associated with less alteration of milk fat globule size than cow milk-based fortifier." PLOS ONE 16, no. 12 (2021): e0257491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257491.

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We aimed to evaluate if human milk-based fortifier (HMBF) affects human milk fat globule (MFG) size less than cow milk-based fortifier (CMBF), which may impact overall infant feeding tolerance. Measurements of donated human milk were performed before fortification as well as at 1 hour, 24 hours, and 48 hours after fortification with CMBF or HMBF. MFG size in each sample of fortified milk was measured by laser light scattering. MFG size in the fortified milks increased gradually over time. At 24 and 48 hours after fortification, MFG size in the milk with CMBF was larger than that in the milk wi

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Pilkington, Mercedes, Belal N. Alshaikh, and Mary E. Brindle. "Human Milk Fortification for Preterm Infants." JAMA Pediatrics 175, no. 8 (2021): 777. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.0689.

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Lee, Esther G., Lyssa Lamport, Harshit Doshi, and Richard J. Schanler. "Protein Status and Human Milk Fortification." Pediatrics 137, Supplement 3 (2016): 441A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.137.supplement_3.441a.

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8

Schanler, R. J. "Human milk fortification for premature infants." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 64, no. 2 (1996): 249–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/64.2.249.

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Polberger, Staffan. "III. Individualized Fortification of Human Milk." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 61 (September 2015): S3—S4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.mpg.0000471451.55494.e4.

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Arslanoglu, Sertac. "IV. Individualized Fortification of Human Milk." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 61 (September 2015): S4—S5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.mpg.0000471452.85920.4d.

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Bingham, RE, D. Pineda, A. Thompson, A. Gates, and B. Stansfield. "Displacement of human milk during fortification." American Journal of the Medical Sciences 365 (February 2023): S304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9629(23)00566-9.

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Agrawal, Gopal, Sanjay Wazir, Surender Kumar, Bir Singh Yadav, and Manish Balde. "Routine versus Selective Fortification of Human Milk with Powdered Human Milk Fortifiers in Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) Preterm Infants: A Retrospective Pre–Post Cohort Study." Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 65, no. 5 (2018): 439–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tropej/fmy074.

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Abstract Objectives The objective of this study was to show the effects of routine vs. selective fortification of human milk (HM) on short-term growth and metabolic parameters. Methods Single-centre retrospective pre–post cohort study in India. Preterm infants ≤32 weeks’ gestation and weighing ≤1500 g were included. Routine fortification: pre-fixed feed volume (100 ml/kg/day in our unit) at which fortification was done. Selective fortification: feed volume was gradually optimized till 180–200 ml/kg/day. If weight gain was below the expected threshold (<10 g/kg/day), then fortification was c

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Seliga-Siwecka, Joanna, Justyna Fiałkowska, and Anna Chmielewska. "Effect of Targeted vs. Standard Fortification of Breast Milk on Growth and Development of Preterm Infants (≤32 Weeks): Results from an Interrupted Randomized Controlled Trial." Nutrients 15, no. 3 (2023): 619. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15030619.

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Human milk is recommended for very low birth weight infants. Their nutritional needs are high, and the fortification of human milk is a standard procedure to optimize growth. Targeted fortification accounts for the variability in human milk composition. It has been a promising alternative to standard fixed-dose fortification, potentially improving short-term growth. In this trial, preterm infants (≤ 32 weeks of gestation) were randomized to receive human milk after standard fortification (HMF, Nutricia) or tailored fortification with modular components of proteins (Bebilon Bialko, Nutricia), c

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Radmacher, P. G., S. L. Lewis, and D. H. Adamkin. "Individualizing fortification of human milk using real time human milk analysis." Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine 6, no. 4 (2013): 319–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/npm-1373113.

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Cardoso, Manuela, Daniel Virella, Israel Macedo, Diana Silva, and Luís Pereira-da-Silva. "Customized Human Milk Fortification Based on Measured Human Milk Composition to Improve the Quality of Growth in Very Preterm Infants: A Mixed-Cohort Study Protocol." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 2 (2021): 823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020823.

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Adequate nutrition of very preterm infants comprises fortification of human milk (HM), which helps to improve their nutrition and health. Standard HM fortification involves a fixed dose of a multi-nutrient HM fortifier, regardless of the composition of HM. This fortification method requires regular measurements of HM composition and has been suggested to be a more accurate fortification method. This observational study protocol is designed to assess whether the target HM fortification method (contemporary cohort) improves the energy and macronutrient intakes and the quality of growth of very p

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Polberger, Staffan, Niels C. R. Räihä, Pekka Juvonen, Guido E. Moro, Iolanda Minoli, and Amiel Warm. "Individualized Protein Fortification of Human Milk for Preterm Infants: Comparison of Ultrafiltrated Human Milk Protein and a Bovine Whey Fortifier." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 29, no. 3 (1999): 332–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.1999.tb02424.x.

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ABSTRACTBackground:To improve the nutritional management of preterm infants, a new individualized human milk fortification system based on presupplementation milk protein analyses was evaluated.Methods:In an open, prospective, randomized multicenter study, 32 healthy preterm infants (birth weights, 920‐1750 g) were enrolled at a mean of 21 days of age (range, 9‐36 days) when tolerating exclusive enteral feedings of 150 ml/kg per day. All infants were fed human milk and were randomly allocated to fortification with a bovine whey protein fortifier (n = 16) or ultrafiltrated human milk protein (n

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Safina, A. I., I. I. Mebelova, and O. S. Dogotar. "Stepwise strategy to human milk fortification for preterm infants in inpatient and outpatient settings." Voprosy detskoj dietologii 22, no. 6 (2024): 40–46. https://doi.org/10.20953/1727-5784-2024-6-40-46.

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This article presents an analysis of recent literature and recommendation documents devoted to enteral feeding in preterm infants, their features affecting the efficacy of nutritional support, the issues of human milk fortification, and the fortifier composition. Special attention is paid to practical issues of fortification: to whom, how, when? Human milk fortification is currently the standard of nutrition in preterm infants, and understanding the practical issues surrounding its use may help to improve its effectiveness in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Key words: human milk fortif

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Radmacher, Paula G., and David H. Adamkin. "Fortification of human milk for preterm infants." Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine 22, no. 1 (2017): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.siny.2016.08.004.

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Chaudhuri, Partha K., Abha Madhur, Kumar Anshu, et al. "Exploring Current Practices, Challenges, and Innovations in the Nutrition and Feeding of Neonates, Including the Use of Human Milk, Fortifiers, and Formula: A Clinical Study." Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences 16, Suppl 3 (2024): S2815—S2817. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_431_24.

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ABSTRACT Background: Neonatal nutrition plays a crucial role in the growth and development of infants, particularly in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) where specialized care is essential. This study aims to explore current practices, challenges, and innovations in the nutrition and feeding of neonates, focusing on the utilization of human milk, fortifiers, and formula. Materials and Methods: A retrospective clinical study was conducted at a tertiary care NICU over a period of two years. Data were collected from medical records of neonates admitted to the unit. Information regarding fee

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20

Priti, Dipa Anesha, Ali Firoz, and Tiwari Abhishek. "Advances in Human Milk Fortification with Added Supplements." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 8, no. 1 (2023): 2467–75. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7677201.

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Humans require a variety of critical nutrients, and milk is one of the most significant sources of these nutrients. Farm animal milk, whether in the form of cheese, curd, butter, or other fermented or biotransformed products, is a common source of nutrients. Proteins and lipids are important components of milk's functional component, and studying them is a difficult task. Caseins, a type of protein found in milk, help to produce micelles that vary in size and casein content depending on the species;They play a significant role in the MFGM (Milk Fat Globule Membrane), a topic of recent, int

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Waqqas, Arouj, Zeeshan Ahmed, Huma Farrukh, Hina Khalid, and Talal Waqar. "HUMAN BREAST MILK FORTIFICATION WITH SKIMMED MILK AND OLIVE OIL FOR WEIGHT GAIN IN VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT NEONATES." PAFMJ 71, no. 3 (2021): 1080–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v71i3.4282.

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Objective: To observe the effect of fortification of expressed human breast milk with olive oil and skimmed milk in improving weight gain in very low birth weight neonates and shortening their length of hospital stay. Study Design: A comparative prospective study. Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital Lahore, from Mar 2018 to Mar 2019. Methodology: Neonates admitted with very low birth weight and gestational age of <34 weeks were included in study. Sixty babies were enrolled using non-probability consecutive sampling; random number table used to allocate

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22

Pozzo, Cirrincione, Russo, et al. "Comparison of Oxidative Status of Human Milk, Human Milk Fortifiers and Preterm Infant Formulas." Foods 8, no. 10 (2019): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods8100458.

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Preterm and low birth weight infants require specific nutrition to overcome the accumulated growth deficit, and to prevent morbidities related to postnatal growth failure. In order to guarantee an adequate nutrient-intake, mother’s own milk, when available, or donor human milk, are usually fortified with additional nutrients, in particular proteins. Fortification with processed ingredients may result in additional intake in oxidative compounds, deriving from extensive heat treatments, that are applied during processing. The aim of the present work was to compare the in vitro antioxidant activi

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23

Saleem, Sidra, Sana Arshad, Athar Razzaq, Kamran Hayat, Wasif ., and Hassan . "Comparison of Effect of Human Milk Fortification with Preterm Formula Powder Vs Human Milk Fortification with Human Milk Fortifier on the Growth of Very Low Birth Weight Newborns." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 17, no. 6 (2023): 462–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023176462.

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Aim: The primary aim of this scientific inquiry was to comprehensively assess how the nourishment of Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) newborns could be improved by supplementing their diet with either human milk fortifier or preterm formula powder. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was carried out at RTEH Muzaffargarh NICU, which involved the participation of 72 preterm infants weighing between 1.2 kg and 1.6 kg at birth. The infants were randomly allocated into two groups: one received human milk fortified with preterm formula powder. In contrast, the other group received human milk fortifie

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Lafeber, Harrie N. "Fortification of Human Milk Fed to Preterm Infants." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 57, no. 4 (2013): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mpg.0b013e3182a208f2.

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25

Hair, Amy B., Joanne Ferguson, Cristal Grogan, Jae H. Kim, and Sarah N. Taylor. "Human milk fortification: the clinician and parent perspectives." Pediatric Research 88, S1 (2020): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41390-020-1076-2.

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26

deRegnier, Raye-Ann. "Pragmatism vs idealism in preterm human milk fortification." Journal of Pediatrics 202 (November 2018): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.09.017.

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27

Parker, Leslie A. "Taking Human Milk Fortification to the Next Level." Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing 38, no. 1 (2024): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jpn.0000000000000800.

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Donovan, R., S. G. Kelly, P. Prazad, et al. "The effects of human milk fortification on nutrients and milk properties." Journal of Perinatology 37, no. 1 (2016): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jp.2016.166.

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Dobryanskyy, D., A. Menshykova, and I. Pasichniuk. "BREAST MILK FORTIFICATION FOR PRETERM INFANTS." Neonatology, surgery and perinatal medicine 8, no. 3(49) (2023): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.24061/2413-4260.xiii.3.49.2023.14.

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Mother’s own milk is the optimal food for infants. It is characterized not only by a unique balanced composition of nutrients, but also by essential biological properties, which is especially important for preterm infants. If there is no mother’s milk or it is amount is not enough to meet daily needs, it is recommended to use donor human milk (HM) instead. However, donor HM is commonly obtained from the women who delivered at term and often does not contain enough protein to promote proper growth of preterm infants. Whether donor milk or the mother’s own milk, human milk fortifi cation is esse

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Kostiuk, O. O., D. L. Spatz, and Ye Ye Shunko. "Comparative characterization the fortification of different types of nutrition for preterm and sick infants. What's the best? (Systematic review)." Modern pediatrics. Ukraine, no. 3(131) (April 28, 2023): 52–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/sp.2023.131.52.

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Human milk is the preferred feeding for all infants, including those of very low birth weight and vulnerable groups. However, mother’s milk is generally likely has insufficient protein to promote appropriate growth. That's why fortification of human milk is required to meet nutrient requirements for growth and development for these preterm infants who are at high risk for growth faltering during the hospital stay. There are multiple strategies and products that may be employed to support desired growth rates. Purpose - Conduct comparative analysis the current literature on the fortification ow

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Ottolini, Katherine Marie, Elizabeth Vinson Schulz, Catherine Limperopoulos, and Nickie Andescavage. "Using Nature to Nurture: Breast Milk Analysis and Fortification to Improve Growth and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Preterm Infants." Nutrients 13, no. 12 (2021): 4307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13124307.

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Premature infants are born prior to a critical window of rapid placental nutrient transfer and fetal growth—particularly brain development—that occurs during the third trimester of pregnancy. Subsequently, a large proportion of preterm neonates experience extrauterine growth failure and associated neurodevelopmental impairments. Human milk (maternal or donor breast milk) is the recommended source of enteral nutrition for preterm infants, but requires additional fortification of macronutrient, micronutrient, and energy content to meet the nutritional demands of the preterm infant in attempts at

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Nafisa, Sayyida, Ferika Indarwati, and Layli Anisah. "Nutritional Management of Very Low Birth Infant (VLBW ) Throught Human Milk Fortification, Formula Milk, and Breast Milk." An Idea Health Journal 5, no. 02 (2025): 170–75. https://doi.org/10.53690/ihj.v5i02.486.

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A very low birth weight infant (VLBW) with a birth weight of <1500 grams has extremely low nutrient reserves, such as calcium, phosphate, iron, zinc, and vitamins, with little to no subcutaneous fat and glycogen stores. The management of VLBW infants focuses on providing nutrition through fortification, formula milk, or breast milk if lactation is sufficient. This study aims to examine the impact of weight management in VLBW infants through the administration of fortification, formula milk, and breast milk.This research employs a case study method by administering fortified breast milk, for

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Giribaldi, Marzia, Chiara Peila, Alessandra Coscia, et al. "Urinary Metabolomic Profile of Preterm Infants Receiving Human Milk with Either Bovine or Donkey Milk-Based Fortifiers." Nutrients 12, no. 8 (2020): 2247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12082247.

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Fortification of human milk (HM) for preterm and very low-birth weight (VLBW) infants is a standard practice in most neonatal intensive care units. The optimal fortification strategy and the most suitable protein source for achieving better tolerance and growth rates for fortified infants are still being investigated. In a previous clinical trial, preterm and VLBW infants receiving supplementation of HM with experimental donkey milk-based fortifiers (D-HMF) showed decreased signs of feeding intolerance, including feeding interruptions, bilious gastric residuals and vomiting, with respect to in

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Cooke, R. J. "Adjustable fortification of human milk fed to preterm infants." Journal of Perinatology 26, no. 10 (2006): 591–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jp.7211576.

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35

Räihä, NCR. "Protein fortification of human milk for feeding preterm infants." Acta Paediatrica 83, s405 (1994): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1994.tb13405.x.

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36

Schanler, Richard J. "The Role of Human Milk Fortification for Premature Infants." Clinics in Perinatology 25, no. 3 (1998): 645–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0095-5108(18)30103-9.

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De Curtis, M., M. Candusso, C. Pieltain, and J. Rigo. "Effect of fortification on the osmolality of human milk." Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition 81, no. 2 (1999): F141—F143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/fn.81.2.f141.

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38

McLeod, Gemma, Jill Sherriff, Peter E. Hartmann, Elizabeth Nathan, Donna Geddes, and Karen Simmer. "Comparing different methods of human breast milk fortification using measured v. assumed macronutrient composition to target reference growth: a randomised controlled trial." British Journal of Nutrition 115, no. 3 (2015): 431–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515004614.

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AbstractThe variable content of human breast milk suggests that its routine fortification may result in sub-optimal nutritional intakes and growth. In a pragmatic trial, we randomised infants born below 30 weeks of gestation to either the intervention (Igp) of fortifying milk on measured composition according to birth weight criteria and postmenstrual age (PMA) or our routine practice (RPgp) of fortifying on assumed milk composition to target 3·8–4·4 g protein/kg per d and 545–629 kJ/kg per d. Milk composition was measured using the MIRIS® Human Milk Analyser. Percentage fat mass (%FM) was mea

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Zia, Ul Haq Afzal Khan, Naeem Hamid, and Waqar Muhammad. "Efficacy of human milk fortification in low-birth-weight infants; A randomized controlled trial." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 22, no. 1 (2024): 737–43. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14209789.

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<strong>Introduction</strong>: Low Birth Weight (LBW), less than 2500grams, has significant effect on baby survival and growth. A good supportive care in addition to breastfeeding is very important.  Breast milk fortification role is under research. <strong>Aims</strong>; To study the Efficacy of Human Milk Fortification in Low-Birth-Weight Infants <strong>Materials and Methods</strong>: This RCT was conducted at Department of pediatrics Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan, from October 2021 to March 2022. A total of 60 low birth weight neonates were randomly allocated into two arms

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Campbell-Yeo, Marsha, Courtney Gullickson, Holly McCulloch, Tim Disher, and Brianna Hughes. "Effect of Multi-Nutrient Milk Fortification on Preterm Neonate Outcomes: A Network Meta-Analysis." Nutrients 17, no. 10 (2025): 1651. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17101651.

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Background/Objectives: Optimal feeding regimens for preterm neonates, including the role of multi-nutrient fortification, are unknown, leading to large practice variation in comparing different feeding regimens that include fortification and their impact on outcomes for preterm infants. Methods: Using a network meta-analyses design, two reviewers independently extracted data. A Cochrane CENTRAL, Medline, Embase, and CINAHL search was conducted for all studies published up to 27 June 2023. Randomized clinical trials of feeding regimens for preterm infants that included multi-nutrient fortificat

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Pillai, Anish, Susan Albersheim, Nikoo Niknafs, et al. "Human Milk Calorie Guide: A Novel Color-Based Tool to Estimate the Calorie Content of Human Milk for Preterm Infants." Nutrients 15, no. 8 (2023): 1866. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15081866.

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Fixed-dose fortification of human milk (HM) is insufficient to meet the nutrient requirements of preterm infants. Commercial human milk analyzers (HMA) to individually fortify HM are unavailable in most centers. We describe the development and validation of a bedside color-based tool called the ‘human milk calorie guide’(HMCG) for differentiating low-calorie HM using commercial HMA as the gold standard. Mothers of preterm babies (birth weight ≤ 1500 g or gestation ≤ 34 weeks) were enrolled. The final color tool had nine color shades arranged as three rows of three shades each (rows A, B, and C

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Polberger, S., and B. Lönnerdal. "Simple and Rapid Macronutrient Analysis of Human Milk for Individualized Fortification." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 17, no. 3 (1993): 283–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.1993.tb10968.x.

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SummaryFeeding human milk exclusively to the very‐low‐birth‐weight infant may lead to insufficient intakes of protein and energy. Although the milk is therefore often supplemented with protein and additional calories, there is usually no prior information on its macronutrient composition. If such data were available, it would be possible to individualize the fortification of the milk. To find simple, rapid, and inexpensive methods of enriching it, we evaluated existing macronutrient assays of human milk. Thirty frozen samples of early human milk (3–20 days of lactation) were analyzed for conte

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Boyce, Catherine, Mistral Watson, Grace Lazidis, et al. "Preterm human milk composition: a systematic literature review." British Journal of Nutrition 116, no. 6 (2016): 1033–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114516003007.

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AbstractThere are wide variations in the macronutrient values adopted by neonatal intensive care units and industry to fortify milk in efforts to achieve recommended intakes for preterm infants. Contributing to this is the variation in macronutrient composition of preterm milk between and within mothers and the variable quality of milk analyses used to determine the macronutrient content of milk. We conducted a systematic review of the literature using articles published in English between 1959 and 2013 that reported the concentrations of one or more macronutrients or energy content in human p

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Schulz, Elizabeth V., Heidi J. Murphy, and Sarah N. Taylor. "Sooner or later: does early human milk fortification improve outcomes?" Journal of Perinatology 38, no. 4 (2017): 311–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41372-017-0013-7.

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45

Gathwala, G., C. Shaw, P. Shaw, S. Yadav, and J. Sen. "Human milk fortification and gastric emptying in the preterm neonate." International Journal of Clinical Practice 62, no. 7 (2008): 1039–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-1241.2006.01201.x.

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46

Salem, A., J. Ou, J. Lukemire, et al. "Human milk fortification and intestinal inflammation in very preterm infants." American Journal of the Medical Sciences 367 (February 2024): S459—S460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9629(24)00785-7.

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47

Zia Ul Haq, Afzal Khan, Hamid Naeem, and Muhammad Waqar. "Efficacy of human milk fortification in low-birth-weight infants; A randomized controlled trial." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 22, no. 1 (2024): 737–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.22.1.0755.

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Introduction: Low Birth Weight (LBW), less than 2500grams, has significant effect on baby survival and growth. A good supportive care in addition to breastfeeding is very important. Breast milk fortification role is under research. Aims; To study the Efficacy of Human Milk Fortification in Low-Birth-Weight Infants Materials and Methods: This RCT was conducted at Department of pediatrics Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan, from October 2021 to March 2022. A total of 60 low birth weight neonates were randomly allocated into two arms (group A fortified) and (group B unfortified) through no

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Lin, Yung-Chieh, Yen-Ju Chen, Chao-Ching Huang, and Chi-Chang Shieh. "Concentrated Preterm Formula as a Liquid Human Milk Fortifier at Initiation Stage in Extremely Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants: Short Term and 2-year Follow-up Outcomes." Nutrients 12, no. 8 (2020): 2229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12082229.

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Human milk (HM) must be accurately fortified for extremely low birth weight (ELBW) preterm infants with human milk fortifiers (HMFs). Powdered HMF has some limitations in terms of sterilization and accuracy. A concentrated preterm formula (CPF) may serve as a safe liquid HMF to facilitate growth. Hence, we launched a quality improvement project for fortification accuracy of minute volume HM. A CPF, Similac Special Care 30 (SSC30), was newly introduced as an HMF when daily feeding reached 100 cm3/kg. CPF + HM (1:2 volume ratio), CPF + HM (1:1 volume ratio), and powdered HMF + HM (1 packet in 25

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Sanchez-Holgado, Maria, Miguel Saenz de Pipaon, Maria Concepcion Jimenez, et al. "Adjusted versus Targeted Fortification in Extremely Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants: Fortin Study—A Randomized Clinical Trial." Nutrients 16, no. 17 (2024): 2904. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16172904.

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Fortified human milk is the first choice for preterm infants. Although individualized fortification is recommended, the optimal method for this population remains uncertain. We conducted a comparative study assessing the growth effects of adjusted (AF) and targeted fortification (TF) in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants. This single-center, randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted at a tertiary neonatal unit in Spain. Eligible participants were premature infants with a birthweight of <1000 g exclusively fed with human milk. A total of 38 patients were enrolled, 15 of them

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Vidhauliya, Yogesh, Bhopal Singh, and Akhilesh Kumar. "Enhancement of Nutritional Value of Fermented Buttermilk using Vitamin A and D." International Journal of Horticulture, Agriculture and Food science 8, no. 2 (2024): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijhaf.8.2.4.

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The demand of butter milk is increasing in the dairy industry. Traditionally, buttermilk is produced from curd or cultured milk. This study demonstrates that buttermilk has become a daily dietary drink with high nutritive value including vitamin A and D. process of buttermilk first taking pasteurized milk after boiling at 40ºC in the present paper, a study was conducted for the development and characterization of functional cultured buttermilk utilizing vitamin A and D as per the standards of Recommended Dietary Allowance. The significance of the study is to increase the shelf life of product

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