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Mohd Dina, Shamzani Affendy, Nik Nurul-Hidayah Nik Yahyab, and Alias Abdullah. "Coal Airborne Particulates and its Relationship with Human Health." Journal of ASIAN Behavioural Studies 3, no. 8 (May 24, 2018): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/jabs.v3i8.274.
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Airborne particles emitted from coal-fired power plant affects human behaviour. Two times 8 hours airborne particulate personal outdoor sampling through 7-hole and cyclone samplers has been conducted nearby a coal-fired power plant and a gas power plant. Two samplers used were 7-hole and cyclone. This research found that 58.25 per cent (%) from total inhalable dust exceeded the outdoor PM10 DOE 24 hours Malaysia Standard. The study also has found that the percentage ratio of respirable towards inhalable dust is at 51.7%. Finally, effects of coal particles to human health were identified.
Keywords: Airborne Particulates, Coal, Power Stations, Human Health.
eISSN 2514-7528 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
https://doi.org/10.21834/jabs.v3i8.274
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El-Ramady, Hassan, Peter Hajdú, Gréta Törős, Khandsuren Badgar, Xhensila Llanaj, Attila Kiss, Neama Abdalla, et al. "Plant Nutrition for Human Health: A Pictorial Review on Plant Bioactive Compounds for Sustainable Agriculture." Sustainability 14, no. 14 (July 7, 2022): 8329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14148329.
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Is there any relationship between plant nutrition and human health? The overall response to this question is very positive, and a strong relationship between the nutrition of plants and humans has been reported in the literature. The nutritional status of edible plants consumed by humans can have a negative or positive impact on human health. This review was designed to assess the importance of plant bioactive compounds for human health under the umbrella of sustainable agriculture. With respect to the first research question, it was found that plant bioactives (e.g., alkaloids, carotenoids, flavonoids, phenolics, and terpenoids) have a crucial role in human health due to their therapeutic benefits, and their potentiality depends on several factors, including botanical, environmental, and clinical attributes. Plant bioactives could be produced using plant tissue culture tools (as a kind of agro-biotechnological method), especially in cases of underexploited or endangered plants. Bioactive production of plants depends on many factors, especially climate change (heat stress, drought, UV radiation, ozone, and elevated CO2), environmental pollution, and problematic soils (degraded, saline/alkaline, waterlogged, etc.). Under the previously mentioned stresses, in reviewing the literature, a positive or negative association was found depending on the kinds of stress or bioactives and their attributes. The observed correlation between plant bioactives and stress (or growth factors) might explain the importance of these bioactives for human health. Their accumulation in stressed plants can increase their tolerance to stress and their therapeutic roles. The results of this study are in keeping with previous observational studies, which confirmed that the human nutrition might start from edible plants and their bioactive contents, which are consumed by humans. This review is the first report that analyzes this previously observed relationship using pictorial presentation.
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Adiaha, M. S., and C. S. Adiaha. "Impacts of climate change on human and plant nutrition and health." Plants and Environment 2, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 126–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/2582-3744.2020.dec.126.
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The impact of climate change on human and plant nutrition and health is felt worldwide. Rising atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations, temperature extremes, changes in precipitation, increases in the frequency and density of weather events, and rising sea levels confer severe direct and indirect impacts on human health. The rapid flooding, intensive drought, unpredictable heat-waves including rapid wildfire outbreak has been on the increase exacerbating various chronic diseases and intensifying global cardiovascular heat-stress. Indirect health impacts of climate change may be long-term and might progressively lead to behavioural changes. The field survey was carried out in Calabar and Obubra, where anthropometric measurement of children under five (5) years were carried out. Soil-pant visual assessment for soil-plant nutrition and health was carried out in both Obubra and Calabar. Correlation statistics and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze field data. Result of the field survey indicated that climate change can statistically (P˃0.05) damage plant-human health and nutrition. Result analysis output indicated that there exist a relationship between human-soil health/nutrition and climate change. A climatic percentage analysis relationship indicated that human nutrition/health has a (% Relationship = 77.59), plant-soil health interaction (% Relationship = 63.34) which indicated that the climatic system has a strong influence on human-plant-soil survival and sustainability. Findings of the study revealed variation in climatic element of rainfall, temperature and relative humidity of Obubra and Calabar. The study encourages mineral fertilizer application including application of organic amendment, as a targeted strategy for soil improvement to reduce malnutrition. Further aggressive implementation of scientific and traditional strategy and approaches that will enable CO2 and other greenhouse gas emission reduction have been advice for human-soil-crop health and nutrition sustainability.
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Cuevas-Tena, María, Eva María Gómez del Pulgar, Alfonso Benítez-Páez, Yolanda Sanz, Amparo Alegría, and María Jesús Lagarda. "Plant sterols and human gut microbiota relationship: An in vitro colonic fermentation study." Journal of Functional Foods 44 (May 2018): 322–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2018.03.023.
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Khadka, Gita, and Megh Dangal. "Lived Experience of Senior Citizens on Plant-Human Relationship: A Phenomenological Study of Therapeutic Wellbeing in Urban Nepal." Open Journal for Sociological Studies 6, no. 2 (September 14, 2022): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.ojss.0602.01057k.
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Ageing is a natural phenomenon, and it is inevitable. Everyone eventually grows, and this growth brings weakness and decline in the individual’s physical, mental, and overall well-being. There have been many studies done regarding identifying the possible link between the plant-human relationship and its impact on the well-being of humans. This phenomenological study has provided the perspective of elderly people/senior citizens concerning their experience with plant-related activities. The foundation of this study is based on five key primary questions in the thematic area of “plant-health relationship for subjective wellbeing in later life of retirees”. This study involved fifteen participants: four women and eleven men aged 60-80 years who were retired from 20 to 40 years of service in governmental, semi-, and non-governmental organizations. They were living with their families and had fairly similar physical and cognitive abilities. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, coded, and analyzed using the descriptive phenomenological method. Retired professionals from different sectors (education, police force, banking, agriculture, Army, engineering, nursing, community development, etc.) were found to be active, having a good understanding of plants and their relationship to human wellbeing. Most of them spent more than three hours daily in their horticultural activities (like kitchen gardening, rooftop gardening, terrace gardening, lawn or indoor plants). They utilized their competence and experiences gained from parents and ancestors, keeping themselves busy and productive after retirement. The narrative presented in this study directs towards a strong link between plant-human relationships and wellbeing.
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Loa, Jacky, Pierce Chow, and Kai Zhang. "Studies of structure–activity relationship on plant polyphenol-induced suppression of human liver cancer cells." Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology 63, no. 6 (September 3, 2008): 1007–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00280-008-0802-y.
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Kim, Taewoo. "Human-Plant Relationship as Healing : A Re-reading of East Asian Herb Medicine with Ontological Anthropology." Cross-Cultural Studies 24, no. 2 (August 31, 2018): 155–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17249/ccs.2018.08.24.2.155.
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Navarro, Teresa, Jalal El Oualidi, and Mohammed Sghir Taleb. "Relationship between seed size and related functional traits in North Saharan Acacia woodlands." Plant Ecology and Evolution 151, no. 1 (March 28, 2018): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2018.1368.
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Background and aims – North Saharan Acacia woodland is a fragile ecosystem altered by desertification and human activities. Little research has been conducted on the ecology of North Saharan Acacia woodland species. Seed size is a key trait to determine germination success, survival rate and establishment of Acacia woodland species under desert constraints.Methods – We analysed seed-size relationships in 42 selected woody plants in four different types of Acacia woodland vegetation which correspond to 26 plant species. We examined the correlation among seed size, fruit size, plant height, leaf size and flowering time and we tested seed size and fruit size variation among growth forms, dispersal modes and mechanisms to prevent dispersal. Key results – Close relationships were found between seed size and fruit size (r = 0. 77**), between fruit size and plant height (r = 0.51**) and between seed size and flowering duration (r = -0.46*) and a weak positive relationship was found between fruit and leaf size. Species with restricted spatial dispersal tended to have smaller seeds and fruits compared to those with well-developed spatial dispersal. Species which disperse and germinate throughout the year tended to have large diaspores, whereas species with seasonal germination tended to have small diaspores. The relationship between seed size and growth form/plant height was strong for gravity-dispersed (barochorous) species secondarily dispersed by vertebrates (Ziziphus lotus), seeds with secondary wind-assisted dispersal (Zilla spinosa subsp. macroptera) and for restricted-dispersal species (Tetraena gaetula). Precocious, short-flowering species that spread dispersal and germination over time (Acacia tortilis subsp. raddiana) tended to have large seeds. Early- and long-flowering herbaceous species tended to have small seeds (Brocchia cinerea).Conclusion – Close relationships are found between seed size and fruit size, between fruit size and plant height and between seed size and flowering duration in Moroccan Acacia woodland species.
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Morell-Hart, Shanti, Rosemary A. Joyce, John S. Henderson, and Rachel Cane. "ETHNOECOLOGY IN PRE-HISPANIC CENTRAL AMERICA: FOODWAYS AND HUMAN-PLANT INTERFACES." Ancient Mesoamerica 30, no. 3 (2019): 535–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536119000014.
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AbstractIn recent years, researchers in pre-Hispanic Central America have used new approaches that greatly amplify and enhance evidence of plants and their uses. This paper presents a case study from Puerto Escondido, located in the lower Ulúa River valley of Caribbean coastal Honduras. We demonstrate the effectiveness of using multiple methods in concert to interpret ethnobotanical practice in the past. By examining chipped-stone tools, ceramics, sediments from artifact contexts, and macrobotanical remains, we advance complementary inquiries. Here, we address botanical practices “in the home,” such as foodways, medicinal practices, fiber crafting, and ritual activities, and those “close to home,” such as agricultural and horticultural practices, forest management, and other engagements with local and distant ecologies. This presents an opportunity to begin to develop an understanding of ethnoecology at Puerto Escondido, here defined as the dynamic relationship between affordances provided in a botanical landscape and the impacts of human activities on that botanical landscape.
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Yuan, Ganjun, Xuexue Xia, Yingying Guan, Houqin Yi, Shan Lai, Yifei Sun, and Seng Cao. "Antimicrobial Quantitative Relationship and Mechanism of Plant Flavonoids to Gram-Positive Bacteria." Pharmaceuticals 15, no. 10 (September 27, 2022): 1190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph15101190.
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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a serious threat to human health, and new antimicrobial agents are desperately needed. Plant flavonoids are increasingly being paid attention to for their antibacterial activities, for the enhancing of the antibacterial activity of antimicrobials, and for the reversing of AMR. To obtain more scientific and reliable equations, another two regression equations, between the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (y) and the lipophilicity parameter ACD/LogP or LogD7.40 (x), were established once again, based on the reported data. Using statistical methods, the best one of the four regression equations, including the two previously reported, with regard to the antimicrobial quantitative relationship of plant flavonoids to Gram-positive bacteria, is y = −0.1285 x6 + 0.7944 x5 + 51.785 x4 − 947.64 x3 + 6638.7 x2 − 21,273 x + 26,087; here, x is the LogP value. From this equation, the MICs of most plant flavonoids to Gram-positive bacteria can be calculated, and the minimum MIC was predicted as approximately 0.9644 μM and was probably from 0.24 to 0.96 μM. This more reliable equation further proved that the lipophilicity is a key factor of plant flavonoids against Gram-positive bacteria; this was further confirmed by the more intuitive evidence subsequently provided. Based on the antibacterial mechanism proposed in our previous work, these also confirmed the antibacterial mechanism: the cell membrane is the major site of plant flavonoids acting on the Gram-positive bacteria, and this involves the damage of the phospholipid bilayers. The above will greatly accelerate the discovery and application of plant flavonoids with remarkable antibacterial activity and the thorough research on their antimicrobial mechanism.
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Wang, Ziyan, Cheng Wang, Zehui Jiang, Tao Hu, Wenjing Han, Chang Zhang, Jiali Jin, Kaiyue Wei, Jiao Zhao, and Xinyu Wang. "Relationship between Rural Settlements’ Plant Communities and Environmental Factors in Hilly Area of Southeast China." Sustainability 12, no. 7 (April 1, 2020): 2771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12072771.
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The construction of the ecological environment in rural settlements is a very important part of the development of human settlements. Key to this construction is the coordinated and sustainable development of plant environment, geographical environment, and human activities. Therefore, it is necessary to study the characteristics of plant diversity and their driving mechanisms. The study area, ‘Shanchuan Town’, is located in the hilly area of Southeast China, Anji County, Zhejiang Province. As bamboo forests cover 62% of the total forests, it has the reputation of being the “China town of bamboo”. To interpret rural plant community features, we extracted topography data by the field survey, satellite image, and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) based on ArcGIS platform, then used Spearman’s correlation and a redundancy analysis to examine the relationships between explanatory variables (e.g., plot elevation, slope aspect and architectural height, etc.) and the distribution of plant community diversity. In this study, 227 plots were selected from 14 settlements to investigate totally 105, 88, 206, and 17 species of trees, shrubs, herbs, and vines, respectively, belonging to 147 families, 324 genera, and 416 species. Among them, there were 19 bamboo species, and 47 species of alien plants, which accounted for 11.3% of the total. The dominant trees and shrubs were mainly native species with high edible or ornamental value. The dominant bamboo species were common species for bamboo shoots in Zhejiang Province, while most of the dominant herbaceous species were alien species. Among the explanatory variables, the impact of plot elevation (PE) on plant community was significantly higher than those of other explanatory factors. The correlation analysis showed that the richness and diversity indices of different plant life layers were significantly related to PE. Among the architectural factors, the architectural orientation (AO) and layout type (AT) effect on shrubs and other herbaceous species was stronger than those on trees and bamboo. There was a high plant community richness in the study area, and both topography and architectural factors had a significant effect on plant community. Therefore, construction of the plant landscape should conform to the topography and regulate the residential construction activities properly, so as to get rid of urban planning thinking and the excessive pursuit of plant diversity, realizing the sustainable development of ecological environment in settlements.
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Roy, Pranab, and Surupa Basu. "Microbes aiding plant growth: Probiotics in plants." American Journal of Applied Bio-Technology Research 2, no. 4 (November 1, 2021): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15864/ajabtr.243.
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Micro-organisms, including viruses, bacteria and fungi are generally perceived as pathogens, causing different diseases in plants and animals including human beings. However, there are many microbes known which not only help in the growth of their host organisms but are essential for their survival. Plants have symbiotic relationship with many microbes which are essential for the survival for both the host and micro-organisms. Nitrogen fixing bacteria which associate with the roots of leguminous plants can fix atmospheric Nitrogen gas into ammonia which is essential for plant growth. These bacteria, generally known as Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobcteria (PGPR) derive their food from the host leguminous plants, mutually benefitting each other. Some common examples of PGPR genera exhibiting plant growth promoting activity are: Pseudomonas, Azospirillum, Azotobacter, Bacillus, Burkholdaria, Enterobacter, Rhizobium, Erwinia, Mycobacterium, Mesorhizobium, Flavobacterium, etc. Viruses and fungi are also known to have such relationships with plants, eg. Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM).
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Zhao, Lianhe, Jiajia Wang, Yanyan Li, Tingrui Song, Yang Wu, Shuangsang Fang, Dechao Bu, et al. "NONCODEV6: an updated database dedicated to long non-coding RNA annotation in both animals and plants." Nucleic Acids Research 49, no. D1 (November 16, 2020): D165—D171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa1046.
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Abstract NONCODE (http://www.noncode.org/) is a comprehensive database of collection and annotation of noncoding RNAs, especially long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in animals. NONCODEV6 is dedicated to providing the full scope of lncRNAs across plants and animals. The number of lncRNAs in NONCODEV6 has increased from 548 640 to 644 510 since the last update in 2017. The number of human lncRNAs has increased from 172 216 to 173 112. The number of mouse lncRNAs increased from 131 697 to 131 974. The number of plant lncRNAs is 94 697. The relationship between lncRNAs in human and cancer were updated with transcriptome sequencing profiles. Three important new features were also introduced in NONCODEV6: (i) updated human lncRNA-disease relationships, especially cancer; (ii) lncRNA annotations with tissue expression profiles and predicted function in five common plants; iii) lncRNAs conservation annotation at transcript level for 23 plant species. NONCODEV6 is accessible through http://www.noncode.org/.
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Pati, Priyanka Priyadarsani, Tarasankar Pattanaik, Saurav Barman, and B. Praveen. "Relationship of organic farming and human health." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 17, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 658–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/17.2/658-665.
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In the last decade, the assembly and ingestion of organic food have exaggerated steady worldwide, despite the lower productivity of organic crops. Such foods run byorganic standards of manufacture, management, dispensation, and marketing. Most notably, the employment of artificial fertilizers, pesticides, and genetic modification isn’t allowed. One major reason for the exaggerated demand is that the perception that organic food is a lot of environmentally friendly and on the mend than conservatively made food. Shoppers of organic food tend to possess healthier dietary patterns overall. Medicine studies purpose to the negative effects of bound pesticides on children’s psychological feature development at current levels of exposure. Such risks will be decreased with organic food, particularly throughout maternity and in infancy, and by introducing non-pesticidal plant protection in typical agriculture. There are units few familiar integrative variations between organic and traditional crops. Maybe most significantly, there are indications that organic crops have lower metal content than typical crops because of variations in fertilizer usage and soil organic matter, a difficulty that’s extremely relevant to human health. Organic milk, and possibly additionally meat, contains a higher content of omega-3 fatty acid fatty acids compared to traditional product, however this is often unlikely to be nutritionally vital in lightweight of alternative dietary sources. The current use of antibiotics in typical animal production may be a key driver of antibiotic resistance. The hindrance of disease and a lot of restrictive use of antibiotics, as practiced in organic production, may minimize this risk, with probably tidy edges for public health. This review summarizes the scientific proof for integrative variations and health edges of organic compared with conventionally made food.
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FILIPCZUK-ROSIŃSKA, Sylwia. "A HUMAN RELATIONSHIP IS A PLANT – a cross-cultural analysis of the metaphor in English and Polish." Journal of Linguistic and Intercultural Education 10, no. 2 (December 15, 2017): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.29302/jolie.2017.10.2.3.
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Helmers, Adrian, Alexis Platek, Melissa Ponte, Natalie Secen, and Karl Cottenie. "The impacts of anthropogenic disturbance on plant species richness in the freshwater lakes of Algonquin Provincial Park." SURG Journal 9, no. 1 (April 9, 2017): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21083/surg.v9i1.3151.
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This study quantified the impact of human activity on aquatic and shoreline plant species richness. We hypothesized that human activity at the shoreline would negatively impact plant species richness and that the extent of the impact would depend on the intensity of human activity. To test this, we sampled 11 lakes in Algonquin Provincial Park, of which five permitted motorboat access, and five permitted canoe access and prohibited motorboat access. The remaining lake, which had no designated access point for boats and was only accessible to researchers, acted as a control. To assess the impact of anthropogenic disturbance at each lake, we measured plant species richness in three 10 m by 2 m plots: a first plot at the access point, assumed to be the site of highest disturbance; a second at the site of intermediate disturbance, 30 m down shore from the access point; and a third at the site of lowest disturbance, 60 m down shore from the access point. We found a significant negative relationship between the level of disturbance and plant species richness, both in the motorboat-accessible and canoe access-only lakes. The control lake exhibited no correlation between disturbance level and plant species richness. However, there was no significant difference between motorboat-accessible and canoe access-only lakes in the relationship between disturbance level and plant species richness. Overall, this study highlights the consequences of anthropogenic disturbance on freshwater aquatic and shoreline plant communities, and provides a framework for future management and rehabilitation strategies.
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Long, Tian, and Liang Liu. "Research Progress on the Relationship between Dietary Patterns and Hyperuricemia." Applied Bionics and Biomechanics 2022 (September 17, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5658423.
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As the final metabolite of purine metabolism, uric acid is critically associated with human health. The serum uric acid level is regulated by diet and the metabolic capacity of the human body. The impaired control of uric acid metabolism and excretion is associated with the increased level of serum uric acid, which ultimately results in hyperuricemia. Hyperuricemia is the “fourth-highest” after hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia. With progress made in the relationship between diet and hyperuricemia, different dietary patterns and lifestyles have been discussed, such as exercise, the amount intake of meat, seafood, supplements with omega-3 fatty acids, sugar-sweetened soft drinks and energy drinks, and lower-fat-containing foods as well as drinking beer, wine, and spirits in the present article. This study demonstrated that a lower risk of hyperuricemia is substantially correlated with higher baseline adherence to MeDiet, and plant polyphenols can combat hyperuricemia by blocking xanthine oxidase.
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Li, Zhi, Xu Wei, Shuyi Li, Jiashi Zhao, Xiang Li, and Liwan Zhu. "Research on Transboundary Regulation of Plant-Derived Exogenous MiRNA Based on Biological Big Data." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2021 (January 31, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6656763.
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In recent years, researchers have discovered plant miRNA (plant xenomiR) in mammalian samples, but it is unclear whether it exists stably and participates in regulation. In this paper, a cross-border regulation model of plant miRNAs based on biological big data is constructed to study the possible cross-border regulation of plant miRNAs. Firstly, a variety of human edible plants were selected, and based on the miRNA data detected in human experimental studies, screening was performed to obtain the plant xenomiR that may stably exist in the human body. Then, we use plant and animal target gene prediction methods to obtain the mRNAs of animals and plants that may be regulated, respectively. Finally, we use GO (Gene Ontology) and the Multiple Dimensional Scaling (MDS) algorithm to analyze the biological processes regulated by plants and animals. We obtain the relationship between different biological processes and explore the regulatory commonality and individuality of plant xenomiR in plants and humans. Studies have shown that the development and metabolic functions of the human body are affected by daily eating habits. Soybeans, corn, and rice can not only affect the daily development and metabolism of the human body but also regulate biological processes such as protein modification and mitosis. This conclusion explains the reasons for the different physiological functions of the human body. This research is an important meaning for the design of small RNA drugs in Chinese herbal medicine and the treatment of human nutritional diseases.
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White, Hannah J., Willson Gaul, Dinara Sadykova, Lupe León-Sánchez, Paul Caplat, Mark C. Emmerson, and Jon M. Yearsley. "Land cover drives large scale productivity-diversity relationships in Irish vascular plants." PeerJ 7 (May 31, 2019): e7035. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7035.
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The impact of productivity on species diversity is often studied at small spatial scales and without taking additional environmental factors into account. Focusing on small spatial scales removes important regional scale effects, such as the role of land cover heterogeneity. Here, we use a regional spatial scale (10 km square) to establish the relationship between productivity and vascular plant species richness across the island of Ireland that takes into account variation in land cover. We used generalized additive mixed effects models to relate species richness, estimated from biological records, to plant productivity. Productivity was quantified by the satellite-derived enhanced vegetation index. The productivity-diversity relationship was fitted for three land cover types: pasture-dominated, heterogeneous, and non-pasture-dominated landscapes. We find that species richness decreases with increasing productivity, especially at higher productivity levels. This decreasing relationship appears to be driven by pasture-dominated areas. The relationship between species richness and heterogeneity in productivity (both spatial and temporal) varies with land cover. Our results suggest that the impact of pasture on species richness extends beyond field level. The effect of human modified landscapes, therefore, is important to consider when investigating classical ecological relationships, particularly at the wider landscape scale.
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Feng, Yange, Enrico Benassi, Liqiang Zhang, Xiaojuan Li, Daoai Wang, Feng Zhou, and Weimin Liu. "Concealed Wireless Warning Sensor Based on Triboelectrification and Human-Plant Interactive Induction." Research 2021 (April 29, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2021/9870936.
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With the continuous development of artificial intelligence, the demand for sensors with simple preparation and strong concealment continues to increase. However, most of the high-sensitivity sensors have complex manufacturing methods, high costs, and single functions. In this paper, a sensitive motion sensor based on the triboelectric interaction between a living plant and the human body was designed to detect the real-time movements of human beings and provide danger warning. A certain relationship exists between the triboelectric signal and the distance between the plant and the human body, with effective signals being detected in the range of 1.8 m. In addition, the triboelectric signal generated by each person is unique like a fingerprint, which can be used for biometrics. On the basis of the triboelectric signal, a wireless character entry warning system is designed. This sensor can not only send out a wireless warning signal at a specific distance but also allow one to receive the warning information synchronously on a mobile phone in real time. The wireless movement sensor receives signals through a living plant, and it has the characteristics of convenient use, strong concealment, and shielding difficulty. This sensor has the potential to be widely used in person recognition, danger warning, and motion monitoring.
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Fritz, Susanne A., Jussi T. Eronen, Jan Schnitzler, Christian Hof, Christine M. Janis, Andreas Mulch, Katrin Böhning-Gaese, and Catherine H. Graham. "Twenty-million-year relationship between mammalian diversity and primary productivity." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 39 (September 12, 2016): 10908–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1602145113.
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At global and regional scales, primary productivity strongly correlates with richness patterns of extant animals across space, suggesting that resource availability and climatic conditions drive patterns of diversity. However, the existence and consistency of such diversity–productivity relationships through geological history is unclear. Here we provide a comprehensive quantitative test of the diversity–productivity relationship for terrestrial large mammals through time across broad temporal and spatial scales. We combine >14,000 occurrences for 690 fossil genera through the Neogene (23–1.8 Mya) with regional estimates of primary productivity from fossil plant communities in North America and Europe. We show a significant positive diversity–productivity relationship through the 20-million-year record, providing evidence on unprecedented spatial and temporal scales that this relationship is a general pattern in the ecology and paleo-ecology of our planet. Further, we discover that genus richness today does not match the fossil relationship, suggesting that a combination of human impacts and Pleistocene climate variability has modified the 20-million-year ecological relationship by strongly reducing primary productivity and driving many mammalian species into decline or to extinction.
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Balakina, N., and A. Balakin. "Evaluation of the Economic Efficiency of Measures to Reduce In-plant Noise." Bulletin of Science and Practice 6, no. 3 (March 15, 2020): 289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/52/34.
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An assessment of the socio-economic aspects of the negative impact of noise on the human body is given. The procedure for calculating the expected annual economic efficiency of implementing measures to reduce in-plant noise is considered. The dependence of the risk of hearing damage on the equivalent noise level and duration of operation is given. The relationship between measures to reduce in-plant noise and economic losses of the enterprise is established.
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Arora, Saroj, Davinder Singh, Ankita Rajput, Astha Bhatia, Avinash Kumar, Harneetpal Kaur, Palvi Sharma, et al. "Plant-Based Polysaccharides and their Health Functions." Functional Foods in Health and Disease 11, no. 4 (April 14, 2021): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v11i4.773.
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Plants are valuable source of polysaccharides that make a large portion of our daily diet. These are natural polymers that are essential to sustain life. They provide high-value nutrition and positively help the immune system and improve the digestive properties. They also help in the elimination of toxic by-products from the human body. Polysaccharides and human health are inextricably linked and intertwined. These are also important components of the cell wall that provides its strength and integrity. Due to their indispensable role in human health, it is very important to know the different modifications and loss of nutritional value during the processing of plant material. Nowadays, these plant-based polysaccharides are used for diverse applications including wound dressing, drug delivery, laxative, cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations. As an emerging area of plant-based medicines to reduce the side effects of synthetic sources, these polysaccharides are used to enhance the immunogenic response against a specific antigen. This review envisages some important polysaccharides (e.g. mucilages and gums, glycosamine glycans and chitin/chitosan) and their medical, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical applications, with emphasis on the relationship between their structure and function.Keywords: Polysaccharides; Nutrition; Health Functions; Cosmetics; Vaccine; Nutraceuticals
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Mazumder, Kishor, Asma Aktar, Priyanka Roy, Biswajit Biswas, Md Emran Hossain, Kishore Kumar Sarkar, Sitesh Chandra Bachar, Firoj Ahmed, A. S. M. Monjur-Al-Hossain, and Koichi Fukase. "A Review on Mechanistic Insight of Plant Derived Anticancer Bioactive Phytocompounds and Their Structure Activity Relationship." Molecules 27, no. 9 (May 9, 2022): 3036. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27093036.
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Cancer is a disorder that rigorously affects the human population worldwide. There is a steady demand for new remedies to both treat and prevent this life-threatening sickness due to toxicities, drug resistance and therapeutic failures in current conventional therapies. Researchers around the world are drawing their attention towards compounds of natural origin. For decades, human beings have been using the flora of the world as a source of cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Currently, clinically approved anticancer compounds are vincristine, vinblastine, taxanes, and podophyllotoxin, all of which come from natural sources. With the triumph of these compounds that have been developed into staple drug products for most cancer therapies, new technologies are now appearing to search for novel biomolecules with anticancer activities. Ellipticine, camptothecin, combretastatin, curcumin, homoharringtonine and others are plant derived bioactive phytocompounds with potential anticancer properties. Researchers have improved the field further through the use of advanced analytical chemistry and computational tools of analysis. The investigation of new strategies for administration such as nanotechnology may enable the development of the phytocompounds as drug products. These technologies have enhanced the anticancer potential of plant-derived drugs with the aim of site-directed drug delivery, enhanced bioavailability, and reduced toxicity. This review discusses mechanistic insights into anticancer compounds of natural origins and their structural activity relationships that make them targets for anticancer treatments.
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Khare, Swapnil, Dr Shubhangi Pawar, and Dr D. A. Patil. "Observations on Bioculture and Medicinal Practices in Akkalkuwa Tehsil (Nandurbar District) In Maharashtra." Plantae Scientia 5, no. 1 (February 19, 2022): 4–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.32439/ps.v5i1.4-7.
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An inventory was conducted in a tribal dominated tehsil Akkalkuwa in Nandurbar district of Maharashtra. It was aimed at knowing role of plants in the life of tribal people from the standpoint of concrete and abstract relationship with the ambient plant world. Total 12 angiospermic species belonging to 12 genera and 11 families have a considerable role in their bioculture and healthcare. All these species are used to combat various human afflictions in the form of different recipes. A considerable diversity of diseases is recorded in the area under study. Plant species interwoven with indigenous culture should also be examined for concrete relationship for the welfare of mankind.
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Di Bona, Gianpaolo, Domenico Falcone, Antonio Forcina, and Luca Silvestri. "Systematic Human Reliability Analysis (SHRA): A New Approach to Evaluate Human Error Probability (HEP) in a Nuclear Plant." International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering and Management Sciences 6, no. 1 (October 29, 2020): 345–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33889/ijmems.2021.6.1.022.
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Emergency management in industrial plants is a fundamental issue to ensure the safety of operators. The emergency management analyses two fundamental aspects: the system reliability and the human reliability. System reliability is the capability of ensuring the functional properties within a variability of work conditions, considering the possible deviations due to unexpected events. However, system reliability is strongly related to the reliability of its weakest component. The complexity of the processes could generate incidental situations and the worker appears (human reliability) to be the weakest part of the whole system. The complexity of systems influences operator’s ability to take decisions during emergencies. The aim of the present research is to develop a new approach to evaluate human error probability (HEP), called Systematic Human Reliability Analysis (SHRA). The proposed approach considers internal and external factors that affect operator’s ability. The new approach is based on Nuclear Action Reliability Assessment (NARA), Simplified Plant Analysis Risk Human Reliability (SPAR-H) and on the Performance Shaping Factors (PSFs) relationship. The present paper analysed some shortcomings related to literature approaches, especially the limitations of the working time. We estimated HEP, after 8 hours (work standard) during emergency conditions. The correlations between the advantages of these three methodologies allows proposing a HEP analysis during accident scenarios emergencies. SHRA can be used to estimate human reliability during emergencies. SHRA has been applied in a nuclear accident scenario, considering 24 hours of working time. The SHRA results highlight the most important internal and external factors that affect operator’s ability.
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Solanilla Medina, Y. M., and D. V. Mamchenkov. "Organic technique: The formation of a new type of human‐technique‐nature relationship as exemplified in bamboo construction." Technoetic Arts 17, no. 3 (October 1, 2019): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/tear_00019_1.
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Abstract This article demonstrates the possibilities and problems of the formation of a new type of human‐technique‐nature relationship ‐ the organic technique ‐ in modern civilization. It is a relationship in which neither human nor nature must adapt to the needs of technology; rather, the technique is embedded in nature and becomes 'human-sized'. We can find a model for building this new type of relationship in the construction of buildings from bamboo. The uniqueness of bamboo as a building material manifests in two ways. The first relates to resources: bamboo is a very fast-growing plant, so cutting it's stem does not destroy the plant itself and in three to four years there is a new 'harvest'. This means bamboo has an extremely low cost, which is critical for developing countries with rapidly growing populations. Second, bamboo has a number of architectural advantages. Due to the flexibility and elasticity of this product, bamboo buildings are earthquake resistant. Such structures do not violate the natural landscape, but instead work with it; they are characterized by low cost and ease of construction, in a variety of forms. This has led to the widespread use of bamboo by leading architects and innovators from different countries. This article shows that the application of bamboo in architecture ‐ as opposed to artificial materials such as concrete, which exploit and destroy nature and impose their forms on cultures ‐ helps this building technique to integrate into the life of ecosystems and society, and thus to become a model of harmonizing human‐technique‐nature relations.
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Kaur, Ramandeep, Pooja Sharma, Girish K. Gupta, Fidele Ntie-Kang, and Dinesh Kumar. "Structure-Activity-Relationship and Mechanistic Insights for Anti-HIV Natural Products." Molecules 25, no. 9 (April 29, 2020): 2070. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25092070.
Full textAbstract:
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), which chiefly originatesfroma retrovirus named Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), has impacted about 70 million people worldwide. Even though several advances have been made in the field of antiretroviral combination therapy, HIV is still responsible for a considerable number of deaths in Africa. The current antiretroviral therapies have achieved success in providing instant HIV suppression but with countless undesirable adverse effects. Presently, the biodiversity of the plant kingdom is being explored by several researchers for the discovery of potent anti-HIV drugs with different mechanisms of action. The primary challenge is to afford a treatment that is free from any sort of risk of drug resistance and serious side effects. Hence, there is a strong demand to evaluate drugs derived from plants as well as their derivatives. Several plants, such as Andrographis paniculata, Dioscorea bulbifera, Aegle marmelos, Wistaria floribunda, Lindera chunii, Xanthoceras sorbifolia and others have displayed significant anti-HIV activity. Here, weattempt to summarize the main results, which focus on the structures of most potent plant-based natural products having anti-HIV activity along with their mechanisms of action and IC50 values, structure-activity-relationships and important key findings.
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He, Xuemeng, Lili Ding, Wenbo Su, Haijun Ma, Hui Huang, Yanru Wang, and Hongqiang Ren. "Distribution of endotoxins in full scale pharmaceutical wastewater treatment plants and its relationship with microbial community structure." Water Science and Technology 77, no. 10 (April 12, 2018): 2397–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2018.162.
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Abstract Endotoxins are potential toxics impacting human health through respiration derived in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), yet the formation of endotoxins during wastewater treatment processes is still lacking research. In our study, the distribution of endotoxins and bacterial community structure in the wastewater of three full scale pharmaceutical WWTPs were explored using the limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test and MiSeq technique. Results showed that higher endotoxin activities in the influent of Plant A and Plant C (560 and 1140 EU/mL), stemming from the fermentation process, were found compared to that of Plant B (135 EU/mL), coming from the process of chemical synthesis. During the anaerobic treatment and the cyclic activated sludge system (CASS) in the three WWTPs, the endotoxin activity increased, while it declined in the aerobic treatment system. In all bioreactors, the relative abundance of Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 50.0–94.6%. Bacteria with high lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in LAL assay were found at the genus level of Bacteroides, Enterococcus, Desulfovibrio, and Megasphaera.
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Molina-Venegas, Rafael, Miguel Ángel Rodríguez, Manuel Pardo-de-Santayana, and David J. Mabberley. "A global database of plant services for humankind." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (June 15, 2021): e0253069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253069.
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Humanity faces the challenge of conserving the attributes of biodiversity that may be essential to secure human wellbeing. Among all the organisms that are beneficial to humans, plants stand out as the most important providers of natural resources. Therefore, identifying plant uses is critical to preserve the beneficial potential of biodiversity and to promote basic and applied research on the relationship between plants and humans. However, much of this information is often uncritical, contradictory, of dubious value or simply not readily accessible to the great majority of scientists and policy makers. Here, we compiled a genus-level dataset of plant-use records for all accepted vascular plant taxa (13489 genera) using the information gathered in the 4th Edition of Mabberley’s plant-book, the most comprehensive global review of plant classification and their uses published to date. From 1974 to 2017 all the information was systematically gathered, evaluated, and synthesized by David Mabberley, who reviewed over 1000 botanical sources including modern Floras, monographs, periodicals, handbooks, and authoritative websites. Plant uses were arranged across 28 standard categories of use following the Economic Botany Data Collection Standard guidelines, which resulted in a binary classification of 9478 plant-use records pertaining human and animal nutrition, materials, fuels, medicine, poisons, social and environmental uses. Of all the taxa included in the dataset, 33% were assigned to at least one category of use, the most common being “ornamental” (26%), “medicine” (16%), “human food” (13%) and “timber” (8%). In addition to a readily available binary matrix for quantitative analyses, we provide a control text matrix that links the former to the description of the uses in Mabberley’s plant-book. We hope this dataset will serve to establish synergies between scientists and policy makers interested in plant-human interactions and to move towards the complete compilation and classification of the nature’s contributions to people upon which the wellbeing of future generations may depend.
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Kotopoulou, Sotiria, Antonis Zampelas, and Emmanuella Magriplis. "Dietary nitrate and nitrite and human health: a narrative review by intake source." Nutrition Reviews 80, no. 4 (December 17, 2021): 762–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuab113.
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Abstract Nitrate and nitrite are plant nutrients that, although ubiquitous in plant foods, are highly controversial substances in human nutrition because they are also used as additives in processed foods and may be found as contaminants in drinking water. The aim for this narrative review is to provide a thorough insight into the current literature on the relationship between dietary nitrate and nitrite and the health risks and benefits by source of intake. The results highlight beneficial effects of nitrate and nitrite consumption from plant origin on cardiovascular disease and, to date, no positive correlation has been reported with cancer. On the contrary, high intake of these compounds from processed animal-based foods is related to an increased risk of gastro-intestinal cancer. Nitrate in drinking water also raises some concern, because it appears to be related to adverse health effects. The up-to-date debate on the role of nitrate and nitrite in human nutrition seems to be justified and more research is required to verify safe consumption.
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Rauf, Annisa Utami, Anwar Mallongi, and Ratna Dwi Puji Astuti. "Heavy Metal Contributions on Human Skin Disease near Cement Plant: A Systematic Review." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 8, F (July 25, 2020): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.4396.
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AIM: The aim of this systematic review was to investigate heavy metal roles at skin disease of humans in the cement industrial area.
METHODS: All research reporting a specific heavy metal, which could be increasing the risk of the disease, cause cement induced to skin. Fourteen selected articles from our inclusion criteria rated using eight quality-appraisal criteria derived from Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist and following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses methodology.
RESULTS: We performed a systematic review of published articles between 2009 and 2019 from ten case–control, two cohort, one ecological study, and one cross-sectional study showed the heterogeneity of the study design. The studies are focusing on the relationship between heavy metal and skin disease that appeared in cement plant areas such as dermatitis, skin cancer, eczema, and other allergies. Chromium, nickel, cobalt, zinc, cadmium, mercury may present and play an important role for human skin disease.
CONCLUSION: Heavy metals have been found in the skin of human living and work around the cement industry. Chromium, cobalt, and nickel are almost certainly present in every case of dermatitis and eczema. Signs and mild symptoms of skin disease include redness, itching, starch, and dryness. Elements such as cadmium, lead, and mercury usually are found in chronic skin disease (psoriasis and skin cancer) on a biologic test. These findings should raise an important concern and recommendation policy for controlling raw materials contains heavy metal in cement industrial areas and proper protection for workers and non-worker.
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Nam, Chang-Su, and Byung-Sik Lee. "Development of an Integrated Human Error Simulation Model in Nuclear Power Plant Decommissioning Activities." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2023 (January 12, 2023): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/8133223.
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In this study, an integrated human error simulation model in nuclear power plant (NPP) decommissioning activities (HEISM-DA) that can integrate and manage various factors affecting human errors is developed. In the HEISM-DA, an error probability input method suitable for the characteristics of each performance shaping factors (PSFs) was presented. Because each PSF has different importance on human error, the relative importance of decommissioning PSF Levels 1 and 2 and influential factors is considered. A multiplier was selected for each PSF and then used for human error evaluation. To calculate the human error probability (HEP) for the NPP decommissioning activity, the relationship between each PSF is identified and linked to develop a human error evaluation model. Using the HEISM-DA, HEP for reactor pressure vessel internal cutting work is evaluated based on the experience data. HEP is calculated to be approximately 1%. As a result of HEP calculation, it is found that the “operation” factor has a significant influence on the HEP of NPP decommissioning activities. Therefore, if the dismantling work is conducted by supervising the “operation” factors in a detailed and systematic approach, it is believed that the HEP will be reduced as other factors are also affected.
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Twelbeck, Kirsten. "Wheat: a powerful crop in US-American culture: Between politics and plant agency." GAIA - Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society 29, no. 4 (December 16, 2020): 235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14512/gaia.29.4.8.
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Intertwined in processes of ideological meaning-making, wheat has been particularly successful in pairing its genetic assets with a powerful symbolic charge in US-American culture. The sense of agency that US culture attaches to wheat is subsumed under paradigms of organized personhood such as the nation and the corporation. Artists and writers have merged the idea of “wheat power” with the fears and hopes of their specific historical moment.Wheat is not only genetically complex but has also been exceptionally culturally defined. Interestingly, some cultural representations of wheat emphasize what may be referred to as plant agency. This is particularly striking in North American art and literature. There is often a certain wildness, independence, and power to wheat that are lacking in other cultivated crops. Focusing on the 19th and early 20th centuries, this article examines the active role of wheat in shaping US-American history and society. Starting from the assumption that cultural artefacts help societies to understand and negotiate their norms and values, I take a look at a painting (Emanuel Leutze’s Mrs. Schuyler Burning Her Wheat Fields on the Approach of the British from 1852) and a novel (Frank Norris’s The Octopus from 1901) to analyze their representation of the human-wheat relationship. Using a historicizing, philological approach, this case study contributes to a debate in the environmental humanities that seeks to redefine the human-crop relationship in times of climate change, diminishing biodiversity, and human population growth. Can the American legacy of wheat help us to reframe the human-wheat relationship? Are there potential pitfalls of crop agency as it is depicted in American representations of wheat?
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HU, Liang-Jun, Ping LI, and Qinfeng GUO. "Positive Plant Diversity-Soil Stability Relationships are Mediated through Roots in the Songnen Grassland: Chronosequence Evidence." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 41, no. 2 (December 6, 2013): 626. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha4129306.
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Living plant diversity (excluding the litter issue) may affect below-ground properties and processes, which is critical to obtaining an integrated biodiversity-ecosystem functioning theory. However, related patterns and underlying mechanisms have rarely been examined, especially lacking long-term evidence. We conducted a factorial crossed sample survey to examine the effects of plant diversity on soil stability over succession based on space-for-time substitution in the Songnen Steppes, North-Eastern China. The results indicate that, under natural colonizing conditions, species-poor systems achieved lower soil stability than species-rich systems, regardless of successional stage. However, soil stability was significantly regulated by plant species richness (number), composition (identity), density (abundance), and functional roles. Our results confirm that a long-term positive plant diversity-soil stability relationship exists in steppe succession. In particular, this enhanced effect of biodiversity on soil stability may operate via diversifying plant root traits. Our results may underpin an integrated biodiversity-ecosystem functioning theory, and improve human use and conservation management of natural resources at an integrated ecosystem level.
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Zhang, Hai-Li, Mir Muhammad Nizamani, Josep Padullés Cubino, Lin-Yuan Guo, Jing-Jiang Zhou, and Hua-Feng Wang. "Spatiotemporal Variation of Urban Plant Diversity and above Ground Biomass in Haikou, China." Biology 11, no. 12 (December 14, 2022): 1824. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11121824.
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Understanding the drivers of urban plant diversity (UPD) and above ground biomass (AGB) in urbanized areas is critical for urban ecosystem services and biodiversity protection. The relationships between UPD and AGB have been investigated simultaneously. However, the drivers of UPD and AGB have been explored independently in tropical coastal areas at different time points. To fill this gap, we conducted a remote sensing interpretation, field plant plot surveys, and compiled socioeconomic and urban greening management survey data. We conducted spatial analyses to investigate the relationships among UPD and socioeconomic variables across different primary and secondary urban functional units (UFUs) in the tropical urban ecosystems of the coastal city of Haikou, China. The primary UFUs with the highest AGB were the recreation and leisure districts in 2015 and 2021. In 2015, AGB was mainly correlated with the number of herb species in undeveloped land and the districts of industry, business, recreation, and leisure. In 2021, AGB was affected primarily by the frequency of fertilizing, maintenance, and watering. Our study found that the relationship between UPD and AGB varied across time and space in Haikou. The plant diversity and AGB’s response to human activities and socioeconomics appear to have a time-lag effect. These results provide new insights in understanding how management decisions affect urban vegetation and could be used to guide future urban green space planning in Haikou.
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Lee, Suntae, Mamoru Suwa, and Hiroyuki Shigemura. "Occurrence and reduction of F-specific RNA bacteriophage genotypes as indicators of human norovirus at a wastewater treatment plant." Journal of Water and Health 17, no. 1 (December 13, 2018): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2018.367.
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Abstract F-specific RNA bacteriophages (FRNAPHs) have been suggested as good indicators of the presence of human enteric viruses in water treatment facilities. The occurrence and reduction of norovirus (NoV) and FRNAPH genotypes in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been well studied; however, the relationship between these genotypes in WWTPs has not been fully elucidated. Thus, we aimed to investigate the occurrence and reduction of FRNAPH genotypes in an attempt to identify NoV indicators in a WWTP via a 1-year survey. All FRNAPH and NoV genotypes were detected in WWTP influents at high rates (71–100%), including the infectious FRNAPH genotype IV (GIV), which has been rarely detected in previous studies. The reductions of FRNAPH GII and NoV GII during wastewater treatment indicated a relationship between the two (r = 0.69, P < 0.01), and the mean values were not significantly different. These results suggested that FRNAPH GII could be used as an appropriate indicator of NoV GII during wastewater treatment. FRNAPH GI was also found to be an appropriate indicator of viral reduction because of its high resistance to wastewater treatment compared with the other FRNAPH and NoV genotypes; therefore, it can be considered as a worst-case scenario organism.
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Kotus, Jacek. "The concept of agency in contemporary geographic reflection. Is it a step towards the narrative of agency of place?" Geographia Polonica 95, no. 2 (2022): 121–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.7163/gpol.0229.
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The study addresses two current issues in social geography: the modern reflection on the topic of agency and the possibility of introducing the notion of place agency. When discussing human-environment relations, geographers more often use the terms more-than-human or non-human beings and focus on the animal and plant worlds. However, the symmetrical or mutual relationship between humans and the natural environment can be linked to a question arises about the wider scope of the notion of place agency and understanding the phenomenon of place as an entity acting on its own rights.
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Luong, Pham Trong. "The stimulants and obstacles with regard to social resources for M’nong people in resettlement area and affected area by Buon Tua Srah hydroelectric power plant, Lak district, Dak Lak province." Hue University Journal of Science: Social Sciences and Humanities 128, no. 6B (July 29, 2019): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.26459/hueuni-jssh.v128i6b.5014.
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<p>While human resources are considered as key factors, social resources are breakthroughs for sustainable poverty reduction and famine elimination. For the M'nong in the area of Buon Tua Srah hydropower plant, Lak district, the establishment of a social network is very important, from which they have the opportunities and benefits to stick together in pursuit of developing sustainable livelihoods and improving the quality of life. Although there are significant signs of the motivating factors such as the good family relationships and clans; the limitation of out-of-date traditional customs; the good relationship between the people and the government, M'nong people are facing the obstacles such as the lack of knowledge and working skills; the unclear and ineffective activities of social organizations; the low training courses, etc.</p>This study identifies stimulants and obstacles regarding social resources in the livelihood development for M'nong people in resettlement and affected area at Buon Tua Srah hydropower plant.
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Deutsch, David. "Ecstatic queer nature: Flowers, seeds and everyday joys in paintings by Jonathan Lyndon Chase." Queer Studies in Media & Popular Culture 6, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 255–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/qsmpc_00060_1.
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This article demonstrates how Jonathan Lyndon Chase utilizes a range of abstract images of flowers, seeds and even a cowboy aesthetic to reimagine the relationship between nature and queer men of colour in the contemporary United States. Chase uses flowers and seeds as multifaceted symbols, carefully shaped, to evoke the fragile and yet revitalizing joys of a messy human growth. These allusions to growth, plant and human, offer a specific challenge to falsely naturalized, too curtailed conceptions of gender, sexuality and race in America.
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Lyons, Ivory. "‘Psychic Screams’: Reflections on a Howard Thurman Sermon." Tattva Journal of Philosophy 4, no. 2 (July 1, 2012): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.12726/tjp.8.6.
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The 20th century mystic/writer Howard Thurman makes a claim that there is a symbiotic relationship between the earth adn humans such that what humans experience as violence against each other is actually a reflection of the violence that humans do to the earth. The major contentions of this paper are (i) the curse as laid out in Genesis assumes that there is an intended harmony between the various elements of creation, but this harmony was disrupted ultimately by human mistrust of the divine; and (ii) that healing is possible if humans learn how to live in peace with the Earth. The paper will also explore possible ramifications for human life and for spiritual life on this plant if indeed this is the sort of harmony envisioned or entrusted to humans, animals and plant life.
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Fahad, Majid Jasim, and Asaad Kadhim Abdullah. "The Relationship Between Sulphur Dioxide and Trehalose and Their Effect on Some Biochemical Characteristics of Tomato Plants." Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution 19, no. 4 (July 26, 2022): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ajw220059.
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Sulphur oxide is one of the most serious problems of air pollution on the environment, especially human and plant health. This study was conducted to clarify the effect of sulphur dioxide (SO2) stress on some of the biochemical characteristics of tomato plant, Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. The plants were exposed to three doses of SO2 (0, 5, 10 mg.m-3), the exposure period was inclusive to 1 and 2 hours for each day. In order to reduce the toxicity of sulphur dioxide, the plants were treated by spraying them with trehalose sugar at concentrations of 0,50 and 100 mg.L-1. The results of the experiment showed that increasing the concentration of SO2 as well as increasing its exposure led to an increase in the activity of enzyme antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, SOD; peroxidase, POD; catalase CAT) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (Proline, Vitamin C, Lycopene), while the antioxidant activities decreased when spraying trehalose, especially at concentration 100 mg.L-1. It also recorded a positive effect in mitigating the negative effects of sulphur dioxide stress.
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Nema, Prakhar, Ankit Namdev, Amit Dangi, Amit Lodhi, Anjali Rohit, and Harshna Vishwakarma. "A Comprehensive Review on Antioxidant-Rich Natural Fruit and Vegetable Products and Human Health." Asian Journal of Dental and Health Sciences 2, no. 4 (December 15, 2022): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ajdhs.v2i4.20.
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Antioxidants are important ingredients that are present in fruits and vegetables (FAV). With increased consumption of FAV in its raw and processed form, a predominantly plant-based diet rich in FAV could reduce the risk of the development of chronic human diseases. This review highlights the potentials of the various types of antioxidants containing FAV; their impact on human health as nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and phytoceuticals; as well as prospects in tackling some chronic human diseases. The structures and activity relationship of the antioxidant compounds, as well as their mechanism of action, are examined from current scientific investigations. Information provided herein will give more insight into the roles of antioxidant ingredients present in FAV. Keywords - Fruits; vegetables; phytochemicals; antioxidants; human health; diets
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Zhang, Zhanyuan, Dermot P. Coyne, Anne K. Vidaver, and Amitava Mitra. "Expression of Human Lactoferrin cDNA Confers Resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum in Transgenic Tobacco Plants." Phytopathology® 88, no. 7 (July 1998): 730–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.1998.88.7.730.
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A construct containing a human lactoferrin cDNA was used to transform tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) using an Agrobacterium-mediated DNA-transfer system to express this human protein in transgenic plants. Transformants were analyzed by Southern, Northern, and Western blots to determine integration of the cDNA into the plant genome and lactoferrin gene expression levels. Most transgenic plants demonstrated significant delays of bacterial wilt symptoms when inoculated with the bacterial pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum. Quantification of the expressed lactoferrin protein by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in transgenic plants indicated a significant positive relationship between lactoferrin gene expression levels and levels of disease resistance. Incorporation of the lactoferrin gene into crop plants may enhance resistance to other phytopathogenic bacteria as well.
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Valencia-Quintana, Rafael, Sandra Gómez-Arroyo, Juana Sánchez-Alarcón, Mirta Milić, José Luis Gómez Olivares, Stefan M. Waliszewski, Josefina Cortés-Eslava, Rafael Villalobos-Pietrini, and María Elena Calderón-Segura. "Assessment of genotoxicity of Lannate-90® and its plant and animal metabolites in human lymphocyte cultures." Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 67, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 116–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aiht-2016-67-2763.
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AbstractThis study evaluated direct and metabolic genotoxic effects caused by Lannate-90®, a methomyl-based formulation (90 % active ingredient), in human lymphocyte cultures using sister chromatid exchange assay (SCE). Two processes were used for the plant promutagens evaluation: in vivo activation, applying the insecticide systemically in plants for 4 h and subsequently adding plant metabolites containing extracts to lymphocyte cultures; and in vitro activation, where the insecticide was incubated with Vicia faba S10 mix plus human lymphocyte culture. Direct treatment with the insecticide significantly increased SCE frequency in human lymphocytes (250-750 mgL−1), with cellular death observed at 1000 mgL−1 concentration. Using the extracts of Vicia faba treated with Lannate-90® to treat human lymphocytes, a dose-response relationship was observed. In lymphocyte cultures treated directly with the insecticide for 2 h, a negative response was obtained. When S10 mix was added, SCE frequency did not change significantly. Meanwhile, a mixture of S9 mammalian metabolic mix and Lannate-90® increased the SCE frequency, with an observed concentration-dependent response. Although Lannate-90® induced cellular death at the highest concentrations, it did not cause a delay in cell proliferation in any of the treatments, confirming its genotoxic action. This study is one of the first to evaluate and compare the direct effect of Lannate-90® in two bioassays, animal and vegetal, and the effect of plant and animal metabolism on its genotoxic potential.
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Wilder, Benjamin T., Richard S. Felger, and Exequiel Ezcurra. "Controls of plant diversity and composition on a desert archipelago." PeerJ 7 (July 9, 2019): e7286. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7286.
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AimWith the most robust floristic data set for any arid archipelago, we use statistical modeling to determine the underlying controls of plant diversity and species composition.LocationThe study was undertaken in the Midriff Islands of the Gulf of California, Mexico.MethodsUsing the area–diversity relationship we estimate the power coefficientzwith generalized linear models (GLM). We tested eight predictors (area, human presence, habitat diversity, topography, distance to mainland, island type, precipitation, and seabird dynamics) using a step-wise process on the same GLM procedure. Plant species composition was assessed by conducting a non-standardized principal component analysis on a presence-absence matrix of the 476 (plant species) × 14 (islands). Finally, families were tested for over or under representation with aX2analysis subjected to a Bonferroni correction.ResultsThe classic species-area model explained 85% of the variance in island plant diversity and yielded a slope (z) of 0.303 (±0.01). When the effect of area is removed, four additional factors were shown to account for observed variation; habitat diversity (34%), seabird dynamics (23%), island type (21%), topography (14%). Human presence and distance to mainland were not predictors of species richness. Species composition varies significantly with island area; small islands have a particular flora where certain families are overrepresented, such as Cactaceae, while the flora of larger islands is strongly dependent on the continental source.Main conclusionsThe factors that control diversity levels are expressions of geology, landscape heterogeneity, and land-sea connections. Species assemblages in small islands are governed by copious marine nutrients in the form of guano that depress species diversity. Distance to mainland and human presence hold no predictive power on diversity. The results show these islands to be isolated arid ecosystems with functioning ecological networks.
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Cadet, Patrice, Emmanuelle Pate, and Jean Thioulouse. "Relationship of nematode communities to human demographics and environment in agricultural fields and fallow lands in Senegal." Journal of Tropical Ecology 19, no. 3 (April 28, 2003): 279–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467403003316.
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One hundred and nine soil samples were collected in 69 different localities along two transects, one North-South, about 900 km in length, and the other East-West (750 km in length), across Senegal and Gambia. The first transect followed a rainfall gradient and the second a human density gradient. The relationship between carbon content, C/N ratio and soil type on the abundance and species distribution of the nematodes along the transects was studied. Results showed that short-term fallows did not influence the specific structure of the communities, when compared with the nematode communities of fields located in the immediate vicinity, where Scutellonema cavenessi and Tylenchorhynchus gladiolatus were the dominant species. The expected negative influence of human disturbance on nematode occurrence seemed to be compensated by greater crop diversity, mainly near the towns. Less-disturbed areas also maintained a high diversity, but were characterized by the presence of particular species such as Xiphinema spp. Soil type was the most important factor affecting the species composition of the nematode community. As a result, nematode communities followed a distribution in areas, corresponding to the successive soil types, but did not change in relation to the human or climatic gradients. At a large scale, the study of plant-parasitic nematodes can give both different and complementary information on the ecological trends of an area to that of free-living nematodes.
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Dong, J., W. H. Mao, G. P. Zhang, F. B. Wu, and Y. Cai. "Root excretion and plant tolerance to cadmium toxicity - a review." Plant, Soil and Environment 53, No. 5 (January 7, 2008): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2205-pse.
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Significant quantities of Cd have been added to soils globally due to various anthropogenic activities, posing a serious threat to safe food production and human health. Rhizosphere, as an important interface of soil and plant, plays a significant role in the agro-environmental system. This article presents a review of relationship between root excretion and microorganisms and plant resistance to Cd toxicity and possible mechanisms. Root exudates markedly altered in species and quantity under Cd stress. Root exudates can affect Cd absorption by plants through changing the physical and chemical characteristics of rhizospheres. The influence of root exudates on Cd bioavailability and toxicity may include modifying the rhizosphere pH and Eh, chelating/complexing and depositing with Cd ions, and altering the community construction, the numbers and activities of rhizospheric microbes. In this paper, the methods to reduce the transfer of Cd in soil-plant system by adjusting rhizosphere environment are discussed, and some aspects are also proposed that should be emphasized in the future research work.
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Zorić, Martina, Saša Kostić, Nebojša Kladar, Biljana Božin, Verica Vasić, Marko Kebert, and Saša Orlović. "Phytochemical Screening of Volatile Organic Compounds in Three Common Coniferous Tree Species in Terms of Forest Ecosystem Services." Forests 12, no. 7 (July 15, 2021): 928. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12070928.
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Multiple positive effects that forests have on human health and overall well-being have been reported widely in the literature. Still, multiple elements of this relationship remain unidentified and unexplained. In this study, the composition of leaf volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) content in three common coniferous species: the Austrian pine (Pinus nigra), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and Spruce (Picea abies), was analyzed. The specificity of BVOCs content in the examined species and their genotypes is observed as a plant potential to evaporate these organic compounds and potentially improve human health and well-being. Principal component analysis applied on BVOCs content among species showed significant differences between compounds that have previously been characterized as having positive effects on human health by acting as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and antibacterial. Variations among genotypes of the investigated species were observed in the content of BVOCs relevant for human health improvement, such as limonene, terpinolene, β-pinene, linalool, camphene, camphor, citronellol and α-cadinol. The observed intra- and inter-species variations in the BVOCs content provide an appropriate base for further research on the forest–human health relationship, breeding and selection of the most suitable genotypes for human health improvement, and could I mpact the sustainable management of forests.
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Addo-Fordjour, P., S. Obeng, M. G. Addo, and S. Akyeampong. "Effects of human disturbances and plant invasion on liana community structure and relationship with trees in the Tinte Bepo forest reserve, Ghana." Forest Ecology and Management 258, no. 5 (August 2009): 728–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.05.010.
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