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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Human reproductive technology – Kenya

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Academic literature on the topic 'Human reproductive technology – Kenya'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Human reproductive technology – Kenya"

1

Coban, Alev, and Klara-Aylin Wenten. "Who Cares for Agile Work? In/Visibilized Work Practices and Their Emancipatory Potential." NanoEthics 15, no. 1 (2021): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11569-021-00385-9.

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AbstractThe future of work has become a pressing matter of concern: Researchers, business consultancies, and industrial companies are intensively studying how new work models could be best implemented to increase workplace flexibility and creativity. In particular, the agile model has become one of the “must-have” elements for re-organizing work practices, especially for technology development work. However, the implementation of agile work often comes together with strong presumptions: it is regarded as an inevitable tool that can be universally integrated into different workplaces while having the same outcome of flexibility, transparency, and flattened hierarchies everywhere. This paper challenges such essentializing assumptions by turning agile work into a “matter of care.” We argue that care work occurs in contexts other than feminized reproductive work, namely, technology development. Drawing on concepts from feminist Science and Technology Studies and ethnographic research at agile technology development workplaces in Germany and Kenya, we examine what work it takes to actually keep up with the imperative of agile work. The analysis brings the often invisibilized care practices of human and nonhuman actors to the fore that are necessary to enact and stabilize the agile promises of flexibilization, co-working, and rapid prototyping. Revealing the caring sociotechnical relationships that are vital for working agile, we discuss the emergence of power asymmetries characterized by hierarchies of skills that are differently acknowledged in the daily work of technology development. The paper ends by speculating on the emancipatory potential of a care perspective, by which we seek to inspire careful Emancipatory Technology Studies.

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Sacks, Preston C. "Assisted human reproductive technology." Reproductive Toxicology 6, no. 1 (1992): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0890-6238(92)90028-r.

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Boldt, Jeffrey. "Micromanipulation in human reproductive technology." Fertility and Sterility 50, no. 2 (1988): 213–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60061-4.

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Deep, JP. "Assisted Reproductive Technology." Journal of Chitwan Medical College 4, no. 1 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v4i1.10840.

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All the treatment or procedure that includes the handling of both human sperm and oocytes or embryos in vitro for the purpose of establishing a pregnancy in order to bypass some pathological obstacles in human reproduction is known as Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART). Now we must be approaching 1.5 million Assisted Reproductive Technology birth since the birth of the world’s first in vitro fertilization baby, Louise Brown, in the United Kingdom. The infertility is caused by various reason and factors from either or both partners. Infertility affects worldwide by 8-15 percent of couples in general and defined as a disease of the reproductive system by the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after one year or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v4i1.10840 Journal of Chitwan Medical College 2014; 4(1): 1-10

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Orleans, Miriam, and Elina Hemminki. "ASSESSING REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 15, no. 1 (1999): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462399015111.

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The cultural and emotional importance of having and raising healthy children is undisputed. Cross-cultural solutions to problems resulting from involuntary childlessness have included such strategies as adoption, finding new partners, and dissolving marriages that do not produce offspring. While both males and female infertility may result from heritable factors, environmental exposures, and disease, it is usually the result of functional incapacity in youth and in old age. The high value attached to reproduction is not puzzling. Human reproduction is protected by strong basic instincts. Childlessness is seldom met with stoicism by those who wish to have children. The happiness that follows the successful birth of a wanted child must not be discounted. Traditional definitions of “family” imply “offspring” before the acknowledgment of other memberships.

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Ford, Norman M. "A Catholic ethical approach to human reproductive technology." Reproductive BioMedicine Online 17 (January 2008): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1472-6483(10)60329-x.

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Corral, Hernán. "Filiation and Assisted Reproductive Technology." Revue générale de droit 31, no. 4 (2014): 701–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1027998ar.

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This article deals with the various filiation issues arising from the application of assisted reproduction techniques. The author asserts that assisted reproduction techniques produce a dissociation between the blood and genetic elements of procreation and people's will to become parents, which causes hard judicial dilemma in paternity suits. Legislative and judicial criteria developed both under European and American legal systems to solve this case are systematized in the article, wherein the author directs criticism to those criteria that tend to undermine the natural physiology of human reproduction in spite of the "intent of reproduction" concept. This latest concept is criticized as being a form of contractualization of filiation links. The author suggests that a deeper understanding of the human dignity, and of the international standard of the best interest of the child should be useful to protect children from being a part of the new market-of-human-beings that could arise from the massive application of assisted reproduction techniques.

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Pool, Thomas B. "Development of culture media for human assisted reproductive technology." Fertility and Sterility 81, no. 2 (2004): 287–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.10.012.

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Ahmed, Bipasha, Angel ., and Smita Sharma. "Human Embryos and Oocytes Cryopreservation in Human Assisted Reproductive Technology-A Case Study." Scholars Journal of Medical Case Reports 08, no. 03 (2020): 373–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjmcr.2020.v08i03.032.

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Elsner, D. "Just another reproductive technology? The ethics of human reproductive cloning as an experimental medical procedure." Journal of Medical Ethics 32, no. 10 (2006): 596–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.2005.013748.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Human reproductive technology – Kenya"

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Wasunna, Angela. "Averting a clash between culture, law and science : an examination of the effects of new reproductive technologies in Kenya." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ64309.pdf.

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Szoke, Helen. "Social regulation,reproductive technology and the public interest : policy and process in pioneering jurisdictions /." Connect to thesis, 2004. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00002866.

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Ellender, Stacey. "Assisted reproduction defining and evaluating the multiple outcomes of technologically advanced interventions /." online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 2005. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?3193097.

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A, Muhlhauser Paul. "Imageneing the rhetoric of the human gamete industry /." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2009/p_muhlhauser_041709.pdf.

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Tang, Shiu-wai. "Reproduction has never been natural the social construction of reproduction in the age of new reproductive technologies /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22331888.

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Brokensha, Steven. "Psychosocial discourse and the "new" reproductive technologies : a critical analysis." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14320.

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Bibliography: leaves 47-53.<br>The "new" reproductive technologies (NRTs) have gathered substantial momentum in recent years. 'Psychological' discourse on these techniques has tended towards uncritical preoccupation with intra-individual, constitutional factors, and has ignored the sociocultural, political and economic contexts of these practices. Within an inter-disciplinary, social-constructionist framework, this study presents a feminist critique of the NRTs in which they are argued to be biopsychosocially noxious to women. Modern biomedicine's appropriation and ownership of infertility as "disease" is argued to be consistent with the agendas of capitalism and patriarchy. Results of fieldwork within a particular medical setting are presented to develop a hermeneutic of the discursive interface between medical gatekeepers and the applicant 'patients' with whom they negotiate treatment. In a concluding section a dominant theme in gatekeepers' talk, "the well-being of the child", is ideologically analyzed; women-centered strategies are briefly discussed; and implications for the interface between psychology and reproductive technology are drawn.

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Mignin, Erin Nicole. "Embryonic Policies: Reproductive Technology and Federal Regulation." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1354301736.

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Smith, Heather K. "The impact of framing on policy passage: the case of assisted reproductive technology." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42774.

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In the last 30 years, in vitro fertilization (IVF) has created a significant amount of controversy around the world. Within the U.S., policy movement has been limited, occurring primarily at the state level, which has created a fragmented system of rules to manage the technology. However, there appear to be indications that how the issue is presented, and which actors are chosen to be represented in legislation, may impact the passage of policy, thereby also providing a reason for why little policy movement has occurred. In this study, pieces of federal, California and Georgia legislation were examined for the occurrence of differing frames, as identified by the actors presented, in order to determine whether different frames occurred in passed legislation than those found in failed legislation. It was determined that, while actors did not differ significantly between passed and failed legislation, there were some slight differences between actors used at the federal level, as well between the different state levels. Even further, the presentation of actors and their interests did appear to differ slightly between passed and failed legislation.

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Batty, Lynne Patricia. "Assisted Reproductive Technology: The Aotearoa/New Zealand Policy Context: A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Sociology in the University of Canterbury." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Sociology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/912.

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The focus of this thesis is the current policy situation in relation to assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in Aotearoa/New Zealand. I explore how government policies (and lack of policy) have shaped access to ART. I also explore the policy initiatives of funding agencies, the National Ethics Committee on Assisted Human Reproduction (NECAHR), managers, healthcare professionals, and interest groups. My investigation into ART policy issues critically examines the various formal mechanisms and policies used to regulate and control ART in Aotearoa/New Zealand. Drawing on my analysis of policy-focused documents and material from in-depth interviews with key actors in the policy debate, I demonstrate how the ad hoc and contingent approach to ART developments, practices, funding, and access has contributed to inconsistent and inequitable access to ART services. I argue that the lack of an ART-specific policy organisation contributes to fragmented, and possibly discriminatory, policy decisions. I examine how the use of restrictive access criteria to manage the increasing demand for publicly funded ART services disadvantages certain groups wishing to use these services. By investigating the influence of rationing strategies on the allocation of resources and regulation of access, I provide some appreciation of the 'messy reality' of policy creation, interpretation, and implementation. I argue that the criteria used to limit access to public ART services obscure the use of social judgements and provider discretion. Likewise, they succeed in limiting publicly funded ART treatments to those who conform most effectively to the normative definition of family. My analysis of the ART policy discourse identifies silences and gaps in relation to specific ART practices, particularly the use of ART by Maori. I highlight the invisibility and marginalisation of Maori within the ART policy debate. After examining the broader issues concerning Maori access to health services, I explore how these may affect Maori using ART services to overcome infertility. I argue that the gathering of information about the utilisation of ART services is crucial for the accurate identification of the needs of Maori. It is also fundamental for effective monitoring of state health policy decisions and outcomes.

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Wilson, Poe Emma. "Vitrification of day 5/6 human morulas/blastocysts: A 10 year retrospective study in a private assisted reproductive techniques [ART] clinic." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96876.

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Thesis (MMed)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study was designed to retrospectively evaluate the established embryo vitrification/warming programme currently implemented at Drs Aevitas Institute for Reproductive Medicine and to look at factors that might play a role in optimizing the pregnancy outcomes thereof. Vitrification is the achievement of a “state of suspended animation” wherein molecular translational motions are arrested without structural reorganization of the liquid. In embryo vitrification it involves placement of the embryo in a very small volume of vitrification medium that must be cooled at extremely high cooling rates. The vitrification medium contains cryoprotectants to prevent any cryoinjury from occurring to the embryo. This process was initially proposed to effectively manage supernumerary embryos, but it has also provided a viable method of reducing costs for additional embryo transfers as well as the reduction of the incidence of multiple births. Patients who are at risk of ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome (OHSS) can also have all of their embryos vitrified in advance to reduce the likelihood of adverse clinical symptoms if a pregnancy is established. Throughout the period in which vitrification has been in practice, there have been advances in technology as well as continual research being conducted to establish whether newly suggested techniques do, in fact, optimize the outcomes of vitrification. Focus has subsequently been applied to the carrier device used for vitrification, the day on which the embryos are vitrified and stored, as well as the number of embryos transferred in each respective cycle, all to ensure the most favourable outcome. This retrospective study confirmed the use of the Cryotop® as the most viable carrier device for successful survival and pregnancy outcomes. Transfer of day 5 vitrified embryos resulted in significantly higher pregnancy rates compared to day 6 vitrified embryos. Results also indicated that the number of embryos transferred does indeed have a significant effect on the pregnancy outcome and consequently we can possibly argue against the implementation of single embryo transfer in the vitrification programme. Investigation into the effect of female age, specifically oocyte age, on each of these categories indicated that reduced age can be associated with optimal outcomes; however this could not be proven statistically in this cohort of patients. To further look at optimization of the vitrification/warming programme, a Literature Survey was conducted to ascertain the results after Assisted Hatching in frozen/warmed human embryos. Assisted Hatching has been proposed as a solution to Zona Pellucida hardening, which has been found to occur during vitrification. The need for further studies and a meta-analysis of the literature is confidently proposed, as well as a Prospective Study to evaluate the effect of Laser Assisted Hatching in the human blastocyst vitrification/warming programme at Drs Aevitas Institute for Reproductive Medicine.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie is ontwerp om die gevestigde embrio vitrifikasie/ontdooi program by Drs Aevitas Instituut vir Reproduktiewe Medisyne, retrospektief te evalueer en die faktore te optimaliseer wat swangerskap uitkomste kan beïnvloed. Vitrifikasie is die proses waardeur die molekulere aktiwiteit binne die embrio in ‘n staat van arres gehou word sonder om die strukture binne die sitplasma te versteur. Dit behels die plasing van ŉ embrio in 'n klein hoeveelheid vitrifikasie medium wat teen 'n hoë tempo afgekoel word. Die vitrifikasie medium bevat kriobeskermmiddels wat die embrio tydens die vitrifikasie proses teen moontlike skade beskerm. Hierdie proses is aanvanklik voorgestel om oortollige embrio’s doeltreffend te bestuur. Dit bied ŉ koste effektiewe metode vir embrio terugplasing, en verlaag die insidensie van veelvoudige swangerskap. Vitrifikasie bied pasiënte met ŉ hoë risiko vir ovariale hiperstimulasiesindroom (OHSS) ‘n alternatief om nadelige kliniese simptome te vermy indien ŉ swangerskap bereik word. Tegnologiese vordering en voortdurende navorsing ondersoek voortdurend nuwe tegnieke vitrifikasie uitkomste te optimaliseer. Fokus word geplaas op die draertoestel wat gebruik word vir vitrifikasie, die dag waarop die embrio's gevitrifiseer en gestoor word, sowel as die aantal embrio’s wat met elke vitrifikasie siklus teruggeplaas word. Hierdie retrospektiewe studie het bevestig dat die gebruik van die Cryotop® die mees suksesvolle toestel vir oorlewing en swangerskap uitkomste is. Die terugplasing van dag 5 gevitrifiseerde embrios het beduidende hoër swangerskapsyfers as dag 6 embrios tot gevolg gehad. Die resultate het ook aangedui dat die aantal embrio's wat teruggeplaas word 'n beduidende uitwerking op die swangerskapsyfer het. Daar kan dus moontlik teen die implementering van 'n enkel embrio-terugplasing neiging in die vitrifikasie program geargumenteer word. Resultate het ook getoon dat optimale uitkomste verwant is aan ŉ laer oösiet ouderdom, alhoewel dit nie in die groep pasiente statisties bewys kon word nie. 'n Literatuurstudie oor AH (Assisted Hatching) op gevitrifiseerde/ontdooide menslike embrio’s is uitgevoer om die vitrifikasie/ontdooi program verder te optimaliseer. AH bied ‘n oplossing vir Zona pellucida verharding, wat tydens vitrifikasie plaasvind. Verdere studies, 'n meta-analise van die literatuur, sowel as 'n prospektiewe studie om die effek van laser AH in gevitrifiseerde/ontdooide menslike blastosiste by Drs Aevitas Instituut vir reproduktiewe medisyne te evalueer, word voorgestel.

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Books on the topic "Human reproductive technology – Kenya"

1

Sterngass, Jon. Reproductive technology. Marshall Cavendish Benchmark, 2012.

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Gardner, David K., Botros R. M. B. Rizk, and Tommaso Falcone, eds. Human Assisted Reproductive Technology. Cambridge University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511734755.

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Canada. Library of Parliament. Research Branch., ed. New reproductive technologies. Library of Parliament, Research Branch, 1989.

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Kindregan, Charles P. The emerging law of assisted reproductive technology. American Bar Association, 2005.

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Andrews, Lori B. Feminist perspectives on reproductive technology. American Bar Foundation, 1987.

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Reproductive rights. Reference and Research Services, 1988.

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Rowland, Robyn. Living laboratories: Women and reproductive technology. Lime Tree, 1992.

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Living laboratories: Women and reproductive technology. Cedar, 1993.

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Lublin, Nancy. Pandora's box: Feminism confronts reproductive technology. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 1998.

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Association, Canadian Nurses'. New reproductive technologies: Accessible, appropriate, participative : a brief to the Royal Commission on New Reproductive Technologies. The Association, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Human reproductive technology – Kenya"

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Dye, Frank J. "Reproductive technology." In Human Life Before Birth. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351130288-24.

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Benirschke, Kurt, Graham J. Burton, and Rebecca N. Baergen. "Artificial Reproductive Technology (ART)." In Pathology of the Human Placenta. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23941-0_27.

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Engelhardt, H. Tristram. "Human Reproductive Technology: Why All the Moral Fuss?" In The Beginning of Human Life. Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8257-5_7.

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Bayertz, Kurt. "Increasing Responsibility as Technological Destiny? Human Reproductive Technology and the Problem of Meta-Responsibility." In Technology and Responsibility. Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-6940-8_7.

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Kimani, Stephen, Eunice Njeri, and John Njue. "Online Requirements and Portal Design for Female University Science and Technology Students in Kenya." In Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2013. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40498-6_31.

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Lwabukuna, Olivia. "Power, Prejudice and Transitional Constitution-Making in Kenya: The Gender of Law and Religious Politics in Reproductive Choice." In Gender in Human Rights and Transitional Justice. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54202-7_3.

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Chivusia, Shatikha S. "Experiences from the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights (KNCHR) on the promotion and protection of sexual and reproductive health and rights." In Advancing Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights in Africa. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003175049-13.

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Sirotkin, Alexander V., A. V. Makarevich, R. Grossmann, et al. "Evaluation of the Biological Activity of Some Hormones, Growth Factors and Drugs on Cultured Cells, Isolated from Animal and Human Reproductive Organs." In Animal Cell Technology: From Target to Market. Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0369-8_60.

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Ojuok, Irene, and Tharcisse Ndayizigiye. "Women Participation in Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration for Climate Resilience: Laisamis, Marsabit County, Kenya." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_152.

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AbstractDespite the fact that land degradation is both natural and human-induced, it is proven that human activities pose greatest threat and these include unsustainable land management practices such as destruction of natural vegetation, overcultivation, overgrazing, poor land husbandry, and excessive forest conversion. Other than reduced productivity, land degradation also leads to socioeconomic problems such as food insecurity, insufficient water, and regular loss of livestock which exacerbate poverty, conflicts, and gender inequalities that negatively impact mostly women and children especially the rural population. Increased efforts by governments, donors, and partners toward reversing land degradation through community-led, innovative, and effective approaches therefore remain to be crucial today than never before!Farmer-managed natural regeneration (FMNR) is a proven sustainable land management technology to restore degraded wasteland and improve depleted farmland. This approach has been tested across Africa with high success rates. In spite of the huge local, regional, and global efforts plus investments put on promoting FMNR across different landscapes among vulnerable communities for climate resilience, the implementation of such projects has not been as successful as intended due to slow women uptake and participation in the approach. In order of ensuring women who are mostly at highest risk to impacts of climate change enjoy the multiple benefits that come along with FMNR, the success rate for uptake of FMNR especially among women need to be enhanced.This chapter seeks to explore drivers and barriers of women participation in uptake of FMNR for climate resilience. Findings will be shared from a 3-year project dubbed Integrated Management of Natural Resources for Resilience in ASALs and a Food and Nutrition project both in Laisamis, Marsabit County, Kenya. The program interventions on natural resource management for livelihoods seek to integrate gender and conflict prevention and prioritize sustainable, market-based solutions to address the persistent challenges. The chapter discusses findings, successes, and lessons learned from the actions and the requirement to position women as vulnerable groups at the center of initiatives designed to address the climate change crisis. The outcome of this chapter will enhance gender-responsive FMNR programing through awareness creation, effective organization/project designs, strategies, and plans together with advocacy and policy influence. Limitations of the study and main recommendations for future programing in similar contexts are also shared.

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Ngari, James Mark. "Intellectual Capital and Business Performance of Pharmaceutical Firms in Kenya." In Human Performance Technology. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8356-1.ch043.

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Intellectual capital is an investment in the organization and it is perceived to be a strategic resource and a source of competitive advantage. The purpose of this chapter is to test the relationship between intellectual capital and business performance of pharmaceutical firms in Kenya. The specific objectives are to determine whether human capital, structural capital and relational capital influence business performance of pharmaceutical firms in Kenya. The results indicate that human capital, structural capital and relational capital influence business performance of pharmaceutical firms in Kenya. Human capital and structural capital relationship strongly exist among the studied pharmaceutical firms and significantly influenced business performance positively. In addition, the study confirmed that human capital, structural capital and relational capital are dimensions of intellectual capital. The developed model confirm that the theory fitted data with fit indices above or below the required thresholds and the empirical results provided strong support for the model.

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Conference papers on the topic "Human reproductive technology – Kenya"

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Hamidi, Foad, Patrick Mbullo, Deurence Onyango, Michaela Hynie, Susan McGrath, and Melanie Baljko. "Participatory design of DIY digital assistive technology in Western Kenya." In AfriCHI '18: 2nd African Conference for Human Computer Interaction. ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3283458.3283478.

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Oduor, Erick, Carman Neustaedter, Tejinder K. Judge, Kate Hennessy, Carolyn Pang, and Serena Hillman. "How technology supports family communication in rural, suburban, and urban kenya." In CHI '14: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2556288.2557277.

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Oduor, Erick, Peninah Waweru, Jonathan Lenchner, and Carman Neustaedter. "Practices and Technology Needs of a Network of Farmers in Tharaka Nithi, Kenya." In CHI '18: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3173574.3173613.

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Paolanti, Marina, Marco Mameli, Emanuele Frontoni, et al. "Automatic Classification of Human Granulosa Cells in Assisted Reproductive Technology using vibrational spectroscopy imaging." In 2020 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9412544.

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Omukaga, J. L. "Science and technology serving the human right to food: corporate responsibility of universities in Kenya." In Envisioning a Future without Food Waste and Food Poverty: Societal Challenges. Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-820-9_22.

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Mizuno, Jinji, Hiroko Nakamura, Yoshinobu Murayama, et al. "New embryo co-culture system for human Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART): Verification of the effects of mechanical stress to embryo co-culture system." In 2006 International Conference on Microtechnologies in Medicine and Biology. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mmb.2006.251485.

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Yuniarti, E., R. Darussyamsu, M. Fadilah, and S. R Yanti. "The relationship of teenager reproductive health knowledge and attitudes of prospective biology teacher student in the course of human anatomy and physiology in the biology department at universitas negeri padang." In International Conference on Education, Science and Technology. Redwhite Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32698/tech3248.

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Redding, Gabe P., and John E. Bronlund. "Engineering as a Tool in Assisted Reproduction: An Investigation Using Mathematical Modelling of Oxygen Transport in the Ovarian Follicle." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-66519.

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The key objective of any Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) is to provide infertile couples with the maximal chance of producing healthy offspring and there is a large body of research within this field directed toward this objective. However, despite this volume of research attention, the success rates of many procedures such as In-Vitro fertilization (IVF) have improved little since their inception. Engineering principles have not been widely applied to ART and, as a result, it appears that there is great potential for engineering to make a contribution to this field. The objectives of this work were to demonstrate the usefulness of engineering principles in this field via the example of modelling oxygen transport in the preovulatory human ovarian follicle. The results show mathematical relationships between follicular fluid dissolved oxygen levels, follicular vascularity and the developmental potential of the oocyte can be described. These relationships are shown to be consistent with findings reported in the literature. Significant results include the emergence of cut off levels of both follicular vascularity and follicle size below which all eggs will be starved of oxygen. Based on current model parameters these cut off levels are predicted to range from 22–40% and 3.5–4.3 ml (19.0–20.3 mm follicle diameter) for follicle vascularity and volume respectively. These results serve to highlight the potential contribution of engineering in general to ART. The implications of these findings are also discussed as are future improvements for modelling mass transport in the ovarian follicle.

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Reports on the topic "Human reproductive technology – Kenya"

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A multi-sectoral approach to providing reproductive health information and services to young people in Western Kenya: The Kenya adolescent reproductive health project. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh17.1008.

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Informing adolescents about appropriate and acceptable behaviors, and ways to protect themselves against unwanted and unprotected sex, has proved problematic in Kenya. Education programs for in- and out-of-school adolescents are lacking, there is controversy about providing services to sexually active adolescents, and a pervasive concern that sexuality education and contraceptive services leads to promiscuity. Unbiased and accurate information and services are needed if adolescents are to delay becoming sexually active, to resist pressures to engage in nonconsensual sex, and to protect themselves against unwanted pregnancies and infections if they do have sex. Moreover, strategies for providing such information and services need to be acceptable to the community and sustainable over time. The Population Council’s Frontiers in Reproductive Health Program and the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health Kenya office collaborated with three government of Kenya ministries to design and implement a multisectoral project to improve knowledge about reproductive health and encourage a responsible and healthy attitude toward sexuality among adolescents, delay the onset of sexual activity among younger adolescents, and decrease risky behaviors among sexually active adolescents. Three interventions were implemented and evaluated in two districts in Western Province and this report presents findings that directly evaluate and cost the interventions.

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African Open Science Platform Part 1: Landscape Study. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2019/0047.

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This report maps the African landscape of Open Science – with a focus on Open Data as a sub-set of Open Science. Data to inform the landscape study were collected through a variety of methods, including surveys, desk research, engagement with a community of practice, networking with stakeholders, participation in conferences, case study presentations, and workshops hosted. Although the majority of African countries (35 of 54) demonstrates commitment to science through its investment in research and development (R&D), academies of science, ministries of science and technology, policies, recognition of research, and participation in the Science Granting Councils Initiative (SGCI), the following countries demonstrate the highest commitment and political willingness to invest in science: Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda. In addition to existing policies in Science, Technology and Innovation (STI), the following countries have made progress towards Open Data policies: Botswana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, South Africa and Uganda. Only two African countries (Kenya and South Africa) at this stage contribute 0.8% of its GDP (Gross Domestic Product) to R&D (Research and Development), which is the closest to the AU’s (African Union’s) suggested 1%. Countries such as Lesotho and Madagascar ranked as 0%, while the R&D expenditure for 24 African countries is unknown. In addition to this, science globally has become fully dependent on stable ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) infrastructure, which includes connectivity/bandwidth, high performance computing facilities and data services. This is especially applicable since countries globally are finding themselves in the midst of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR), which is not only “about” data, but which “is” data. According to an article1 by Alan Marcus (2015) (Senior Director, Head of Information Technology and Telecommunications Industries, World Economic Forum), “At its core, data represents a post-industrial opportunity. Its uses have unprecedented complexity, velocity and global reach. As digital communications become ubiquitous, data will rule in a world where nearly everyone and everything is connected in real time. That will require a highly reliable, secure and available infrastructure at its core, and innovation at the edge.” Every industry is affected as part of this revolution – also science. An important component of the digital transformation is “trust” – people must be able to trust that governments and all other industries (including the science sector), adequately handle and protect their data. This requires accountability on a global level, and digital industries must embrace the change and go for a higher standard of protection. “This will reassure consumers and citizens, benefitting the whole digital economy”, says Marcus. A stable and secure information and communication technologies (ICT) infrastructure – currently provided by the National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) – is key to advance collaboration in science. The AfricaConnect2 project (AfricaConnect (2012–2014) and AfricaConnect2 (2016–2018)) through establishing connectivity between National Research and Education Networks (NRENs), is planning to roll out AfricaConnect3 by the end of 2019. The concern however is that selected African governments (with the exception of a few countries such as South Africa, Mozambique, Ethiopia and others) have low awareness of the impact the Internet has today on all societal levels, how much ICT (and the 4th Industrial Revolution) have affected research, and the added value an NREN can bring to higher education and research in addressing the respective needs, which is far more complex than simply providing connectivity. Apart from more commitment and investment in R&D, African governments – to become and remain part of the 4th Industrial Revolution – have no option other than to acknowledge and commit to the role NRENs play in advancing science towards addressing the SDG (Sustainable Development Goals). For successful collaboration and direction, it is fundamental that policies within one country are aligned with one another. Alignment on continental level is crucial for the future Pan-African African Open Science Platform to be successful. Both the HIPSSA ((Harmonization of ICT Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa)3 project and WATRA (the West Africa Telecommunications Regulators Assembly)4, have made progress towards the regulation of the telecom sector, and in particular of bottlenecks which curb the development of competition among ISPs. A study under HIPSSA identified potential bottlenecks in access at an affordable price to the international capacity of submarine cables and suggested means and tools used by regulators to remedy them. Work on the recommended measures and making them operational continues in collaboration with WATRA. In addition to sufficient bandwidth and connectivity, high-performance computing facilities and services in support of data sharing are also required. The South African National Integrated Cyberinfrastructure System5 (NICIS) has made great progress in planning and setting up a cyberinfrastructure ecosystem in support of collaborative science and data sharing. The regional Southern African Development Community6 (SADC) Cyber-infrastructure Framework provides a valuable roadmap towards high-speed Internet, developing human capacity and skills in ICT technologies, high- performance computing and more. The following countries have been identified as having high-performance computing facilities, some as a result of the Square Kilometre Array7 (SKA) partnership: Botswana, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Namibia, South Africa, Tunisia, and Zambia. More and more NRENs – especially the Level 6 NRENs 8 (Algeria, Egypt, Kenya, South Africa, and recently Zambia) – are exploring offering additional services; also in support of data sharing and transfer. The following NRENs already allow for running data-intensive applications and sharing of high-end computing assets, bio-modelling and computation on high-performance/ supercomputers: KENET (Kenya), TENET (South Africa), RENU (Uganda), ZAMREN (Zambia), EUN (Egypt) and ARN (Algeria). Fifteen higher education training institutions from eight African countries (Botswana, Benin, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, and Tanzania) have been identified as offering formal courses on data science. In addition to formal degrees, a number of international short courses have been developed and free international online courses are also available as an option to build capacity and integrate as part of curricula. The small number of higher education or research intensive institutions offering data science is however insufficient, and there is a desperate need for more training in data science. The CODATA-RDA Schools of Research Data Science aim at addressing the continental need for foundational data skills across all disciplines, along with training conducted by The Carpentries 9 programme (specifically Data Carpentry 10 ). Thus far, CODATA-RDA schools in collaboration with AOSP, integrating content from Data Carpentry, were presented in Rwanda (in 2018), and during17-29 June 2019, in Ethiopia. Awareness regarding Open Science (including Open Data) is evident through the 12 Open Science-related Open Access/Open Data/Open Science declarations and agreements endorsed or signed by African governments; 200 Open Access journals from Africa registered on the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ); 174 Open Access institutional research repositories registered on openDOAR (Directory of Open Access Repositories); 33 Open Access/Open Science policies registered on ROARMAP (Registry of Open Access Repository Mandates and Policies); 24 data repositories registered with the Registry of Data Repositories (re3data.org) (although the pilot project identified 66 research data repositories); and one data repository assigned the CoreTrustSeal. Although this is a start, far more needs to be done to align African data curation and research practices with global standards. Funding to conduct research remains a challenge. African researchers mostly fund their own research, and there are little incentives for them to make their research and accompanying data sets openly accessible. Funding and peer recognition, along with an enabling research environment conducive for research, are regarded as major incentives. The landscape report concludes with a number of concerns towards sharing research data openly, as well as challenges in terms of Open Data policy, ICT infrastructure supportive of data sharing, capacity building, lack of skills, and the need for incentives. Although great progress has been made in terms of Open Science and Open Data practices, more awareness needs to be created and further advocacy efforts are required for buy-in from African governments. A federated African Open Science Platform (AOSP) will not only encourage more collaboration among researchers in addressing the SDGs, but it will also benefit the many stakeholders identified as part of the pilot phase. The time is now, for governments in Africa, to acknowledge the important role of science in general, but specifically Open Science and Open Data, through developing and aligning the relevant policies, investing in an ICT infrastructure conducive for data sharing through committing funding to making NRENs financially sustainable, incentivising open research practices by scientists, and creating opportunities for more scientists and stakeholders across all disciplines to be trained in data management.

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