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Journal articles on the topic 'Human rhinovirus'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Lang, Judith, Matthias Soddemann, Michael J. Edwards, Gregory C. Wilson, Karl S. Lang, and Erich Gulbins. "Sphingosine Prevents Rhinoviral Infections." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 5 (2024): 2486. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25052486.

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Rhinoviral infections cause approximately 50% of upper respiratory tract infections and novel treatment options are urgently required. We tested the effects of 10 μM to 20 μM sphingosine on the infection of cultured and freshly isolated human cells with minor and major group rhinovirus in vitro. We also performed in vivo studies on mice that were treated with an intranasal application of 10 μL of either a 10 μM or a 100 μM sphingosine prior and after infection with rhinovirus strains 1 and 2 and determined the infection of nasal epithelial cells in the presence or absence of sphingosine. Final

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2

Ėmužytė, Regina, Regina Firantienė, Rasa Petraitytė, and Kęstutis Sasnauskas. "Human rhinoviruses, allergy, and asthma: a clinical approach." Medicina 45, no. 11 (2009): 839. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina45110109.

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The prevalence of allergic diseases is increasing in Lithuania as in the world. The prevalence of allergic sensitization is often higher than 50% of the population. The “hygiene hypothesis” proposed that reduced immune-stimulation by infections may have resulted in the more widespread clinical expression of atopic disease. However, it alone does not provide an adequate explanation for the observed increase of allergic diseases. Human rhinovirus infections are the major infections with a worldwide distribution. Viral infections of the respiratory tract are the most common triggers of acute asth

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3

Dee, Kieran, Daniel M. Goldfarb, Joanne Haney, et al. "Human Rhinovirus Infection Blocks Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Replication Within the Respiratory Epithelium: Implications for COVID-19 Epidemiology." Journal of Infectious Diseases 224, no. 1 (2021): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiab147.

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Abstract Virus-virus interactions influence the epidemiology of respiratory infections. However, the impact of viruses causing upper respiratory infections on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) replication and transmission is currently unknown. Human rhinoviruses cause the common cold and are the most prevalent respiratory viruses of humans. Interactions between rhinoviruses and cocirculating respiratory viruses have been shown to shape virus epidemiology at the individual host and population level. Here, we examined the replication kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 in the human

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4

Stone, Cosby A., and E. Kathryn Miller. "Understanding the Association of Human Rhinovirus with Asthma." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 23, no. 1 (2015): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00414-15.

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ABSTRACTHuman rhinoviruses are ubiquitous seasonal pathogens. They have known associations with first onset of wheezing illnesses in children and with asthma exacerbations in patients of all ages. It is not yet certain whether human rhinoviruses play a direct role in the pathogenesis of asthma by activating deleterious inflammatory responses or if they only serve as a catalyst to accelerate the disease in genetically predisposed individuals. There have been previously demonstrated reductions in the development of the asthmatic phenotype with passive immunization against respiratory syncytial v

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Lau, Susanna, Cyril Yip, Patrick Woo, and Kwok-Yung Yuen. "Human rhinovirus C: a newly discovered human rhinovirus species." Emerging Health Threats Journal 3, no. 1 (2010): 7106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ehtj.v3i0.7106.

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6

Mitra, Manu. "Rhinovirus Physiognomies." SunText Review of Virology 2, no. 2 (2021): 1–3. https://doi.org/10.51737/2766-5003.2021.023.

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Rhinovirus is one of the contagious viral agents in humans and is the principal cause of common cold. Rhinovirus belongs to the genus Enterovrirus in the family Picornaviridae. Rhinovirus are alienated as three standard classes (A, B and C) that includes 160 recognized types of human rhinovirus that differ according to their surface proteins (serotypes). They are lytic in nature and are one of the among the smallest viruses with diameter of about 30 nanometers. Comparatively with other viruses like smallpox and vaccinia are around ten times larger i.e. around 300 nanometers, while flu viruses

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7

Yamaya, Mutsuo, Hidekazu Nishimura, Yukimasa Hatachi, et al. "Levofloxacin Inhibits Rhinovirus Infection in Primary Cultures of Human Tracheal Epithelial Cells." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 56, no. 8 (2012): 4052–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00259-12.

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ABSTRACTRespiratory virus infections, including infections with rhinoviruses (RVs), are related to exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A new quinolone antibiotic, levofloxacin (LVFX), has been used to treat bacterial infections that cause COPD exacerbations as well as bacterial infections that are secondary to viral infection in COPD patients. However, the inhibitory effects of LVFX on RV infection and RV infection-induced airway inflammation have not been studied. We examined the effects of LVFX on type 14 rhinovirus (RV14) (a major human RV) infection of human trac

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8

Ksenafontov, Andrey D., Maria M. Pisareva, Veronica A. Eder, Tamila D. Musaeva, and Irina V. Kiseleva. "Research of the genetic diversity of human rhinoviruses on the territory of Saint Petersburg 2021–2022." Medical academic journal 2, no. 2 (2022): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/maj108734.

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BACKGROUND: Respiratory viruses circulate everywhere. Rhinoviruses are the most common cause of human upper respiratory tract infections. Therefore, it is necessary to study circulation of their species and types. AIM: To study circulation of different species and types of rhinoviruses in Saint Petersburg. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Detection of rhinoviruses was carried out by real-time PCR using commercial kits AmpliSens ORVI-screen-FL (Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor, Moscow); the study of the genetic diversity of rhinoviruses was carried out by Sanger s

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9

Staunton, D. E., A. Gaur, P. Y. Chan, and T. A. Springer. "Internalization of a major group human rhinovirus does not require cytoplasmic or transmembrane domains of ICAM-1." Journal of Immunology 148, no. 10 (1992): 3271–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.148.10.3271.

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Abstract Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (CD54), a cell adhesion molecule and the receptor for the major group of rhinoviruses, is a class 1 membrane protein with five Ig-like domains in its extracellular region, a transmembrane domain, and a short cytoplasmic domain. The amino-terminal domains (D1 and D2) are sufficient for virus binding and the first is most important (1). We have investigated whether other extracellular domains, transmembrane or cytoplasmic domains are required for virus entry as determined by postinfection virion protein biosynthesis. We demonstrate that cytoplasmic, tra

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10

Sittek, Lisa-Marie, Thomas Michael Schmidts, and Peggy Schlupp. "Ingredients Acting as a Physical Barrier for the Prevention and Treatment of the Rhinovirus Infection." Applied Sciences 10, no. 18 (2020): 6511. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10186511.

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Although the common cold, usually caused by human rhinoviruses, is responsible for enormous damage to the economy and health every year, there are hardly any treatment options or prophylaxis for rhinovirus infections. In this work, the potential of a hydrogel complex, based on polymers and an aqueous extract of Icelandic moss in isla® medic lozenges (Engelhard Arzneimittel, Niederdorfelden, Germany), and two other hydrogels (based on solely xanthan gum or sodium hyaluronate) are investigated for the first time in order to prevent and treat rhinovirus infections. By means of rheological investi

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11

Nokhova, Alina R., Tereza A. Saroyan, Mariya V. Solomatina, et al. "Genetic Diversity and Epidemiology of Enteroviruses and Rhinoviruses in Children Hospitalized with Acute Respiratory Infections in Novosibirsk, Russia (2023–2024)." Viruses 16, no. 12 (2024): 1924. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16121924.

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Rhinoviruses and respiratory enteroviruses remain among the leading causes of acute respiratory infections, particularly in children. Little is known about the genetic diversity of enteroviruses and rhinoviruses in pediatric patients with acute respiratory infections in Russia. We assessed the prevalence of human rhinoviruses/enteroviruses (HRV/EV) in 1992 children aged 0 to 17 years hospitalized with acute respiratory infections during the 2023–2024 epidemic season using PCR. The detection rate of HRV/EV was 11% (220/1992). We performed typing of 58 HRV and 28 EV viruses by partial sequencing

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Berginc, Nataša, Maja Sočan, Katarina Prosenc Trilar, and Miroslav Petrovec. "Seasonality and Genotype Diversity of Human Rhinoviruses during an Eight-Year Period in Slovenia." Microorganisms 12, no. 2 (2024): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12020341.

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Due to the high socioeconomic burden of rhinoviruses, the development of prevention and treatment strategies is of high importance. Understanding the epidemiological and clinical features of rhinoviruses is essential in order to address these issues. Our study aimed to define the seasonality and molecular epidemiology of rhinoviruses in Slovenia. Over a period of eight years, a total of 20,425 patients from sentinel primary healthcare settings and sentinel hospitals were examined for a panel of respiratory viruses in the national programme for the surveillance of influenza-like illnesses and a

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13

Ling, Hui, Pan Yang, Hai Hou, and Yao Sun. "Structural view of the 2A protease from human rhinovirus C15." Acta Crystallographica Section F Structural Biology Communications 74, no. 4 (2018): 255–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053230x18003382.

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The majority of outbreaks of the common cold are caused by rhinoviruses. The 2A protease (2Apro) of human rhinoviruses (HRVs) is known to play important roles in the propagation of the virus and the modulation of host signal pathways to facilitate viral replication. The 2Aprofrom human rhinovirus C15 (HRV-C15) has been expressed inEscherichia coliand purified by affinity chromatography, ion-exchange chromatography and gel-filtration chromatography. The crystals diffracted to 2.6 Å resolution. The structure was solved by molecular replacement using the structure of 2Aprofrom coxsackievirus A16

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Laza-Stanca, Vasile, Luminita A. Stanciu, Simon D. Message, Michael R. Edwards, James E. Gern та Sebastian L. Johnston. "Rhinovirus Replication in Human Macrophages Induces NF-κB-Dependent Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Production". Journal of Virology 80, № 16 (2006): 8248–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00162-06.

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ABSTRACT Rhinoviruses (RV) are the major cause of acute exacerbations of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Rhinoviruses have been shown to activate macrophages, but rhinovirus replication in macrophages has not been reported. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is implicated in the pathogenesis of acute exacerbations, but its cellular source and mechanisms of induction by virus infection are unclear. We hypothesized that rhinovirus replication in human macrophages causes activation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB, leading to TNF-α production. Using macrophages derived

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Zhao, R., M. Kremer, R. Kuhn, et al. "Crystal structure of human rhinovirus 3 and comparison with other rhinoviruses." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography 52, a1 (1996): C183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108767396091969.

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Jarju, Sheikh, Elina Senghore, Helen Brotherton, et al. "Circulation of respiratory viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic in The Gambia." Gates Open Research 6 (December 8, 2022): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.14155.1.

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Background: In many countries, non-pharmaceutical interventions to limit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission resulted in significant reductions in other respiratory viruses. However, similar data from Africa are limited. We explored the extent to which viruses such as influenza and rhinovirus co-circulated with SARS-CoV-2 in The Gambia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Between April 2020 and March 2022, respiratory viruses were detected using RT-PCR in nasopharyngeal swabs from 1397 participants with influenza-like illness. An assay to detect SARS-CoV

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Jarju, Sheikh, Elina Senghore, Helen Brotherton, et al. "Circulation of respiratory viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic in The Gambia." Gates Open Research 6 (March 27, 2023): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.14155.3.

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Background: In many countries, non-pharmaceutical interventions to limit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission resulted in significant reductions in other respiratory viruses. However, similar data from Africa are limited. We explored the extent to which viruses such as influenza and rhinovirus co-circulated with SARS-CoV-2 in The Gambia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Between April 2020 and March 2022, respiratory viruses were detected using RT-PCR in nasopharyngeal swabs from 1397 participants with influenza-like illness. An assay to detect SARS-CoV

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Jarju, Sheikh, Elina Senghore, Helen Brotherton, et al. "Circulation of respiratory viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic in The Gambia." Gates Open Research 6 (February 16, 2023): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.14155.2.

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Background: In many countries, non-pharmaceutical interventions to limit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission resulted in significant reductions in other respiratory viruses. However, similar data from Africa are limited. We explored the extent to which viruses such as influenza and rhinovirus co-circulated with SARS-CoV-2 in The Gambia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Between April 2020 and March 2022, respiratory viruses were detected using RT-PCR in nasopharyngeal swabs from 1397 participants with influenza-like illness. An assay to detect SARS-CoV

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19

Hewat, E. A., E. Neumann, and D. Blass. "Uncoating of human rhinovirus 2." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography 58, s1 (2002): c6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108767302085355.

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20

Ishiguro, Takashi, Yuki Yoshida, Yasuhito Kobayashi, Yoshihiko Shimizu, and Noboru Takayanagi. "Primary rhinovirus pneumonia in which bronchoalveolar lavage fluid yielded human rhinovirus." Respiratory Medicine Case Reports 28 (2019): 100910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmcr.2019.100910.

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21

Svitkin, Yuri V., Alessandra Gradi, Hiroaki Imataka, Shigenobu Morino, and Nahum Sonenberg. "Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4GII (eIF4GII), but Not eIF4GI, Cleavage Correlates with Inhibition of Host Cell Protein Synthesis after Human Rhinovirus Infection." Journal of Virology 73, no. 4 (1999): 3467–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.73.4.3467-3472.1999.

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ABSTRACT For many members of the Picornaviridae family, infection of cells results in a shutoff of host protein synthesis. For rhinoviruses and enteroviruses, the shutoff has been explained in part by the cleavage of eukaryotic initiation factor 4GI (eIF4GI), a component of the cap-binding protein complex eIF4F. The cleavage of eIF4GI is mediated by the virus-specific proteinase 2Aproand results in inhibition of cap-dependent, but not cap-independent, translation. The inhibition of host protein synthesis after infection with human rhinovirus 14 (HRV-14) lags behind the cleavage of eIF4GI. Rece

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Conti, Cinzia, Paola Mastromarino, Paola Goldoni, Gustavo Portalone, and Nicoletta Desideri. "Synthesis and Anti-Rhinovirus Properties of Fluoro-Substituted Flavonoids." Antiviral Chemistry and Chemotherapy 16, no. 4 (2005): 267–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095632020501600406.

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Fluoro-substituted flavones and 2-styrykhromones, related to natural and synthetic flavonoids previously described, were prepared, characterized and tested for anti-rhinovirus activity. Structural elucidation of the new compounds was performed by IR, NMR spectra and X-ray crystal structure analysis for 6-fluoro-3-hydroxy-2-styrylchromone. The antiviral potency was evaluated by a plaque reduction assay in HeLa cell cultures infected with rhinoviruses 1B and 14, selected as representative serotypes for viral groups B and A of human rhinoviruses, respectively. In comparison with results previousl

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Oliver, B. G. G., S. Lim, P. Wark, et al. "Rhinovirus exposure impairs immune responses to bacterial products in human alveolar macrophages." Thorax 63, no. 6 (2008): 519–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thx.2007.081752.

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Background:Rhinovirus infection is responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality as the major cause of exacerbations of asthma, and is also known to induce exacerbations of cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Exacerbations of these diseases are also frequently associated with bacterial and atypical bacterial infection. Alveolar macrophages are the major immune cells in the airways and are important in defence against bacterial infections.Methods:The authors investigated whether rhinovirus modifies cytokine release, the pattern recognition receptor expression and p

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Zalman, L. S., M. A. Brothers, P. S. Dragovich, et al. "Inhibition of Human Rhinovirus-Induced Cytokine Production by AG7088, a Human Rhinovirus 3C Protease Inhibitor." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 44, no. 5 (2000): 1236–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.44.5.1236-1241.2000.

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ABSTRACT Symptom severity in patients with human rhinovirus (HRV)-induced respiratory illness is associated with elevated levels of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8. AG7088 is a novel, irreversible inhibitor of the HRV 3C protease. In this study, AG7088 was tested for its antiviral activity and ability to inhibit the production of IL-6 and IL-8 in a human bronchial epithelial cell line, BEAS-2B. Infection of BEAS-2B cells with HRV 14 resulted in the production of both infectious virus and the cytokines IL-6 and IL-8. Treatment of HRV 14-infected cells with AG7088 result

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Stokes, C. A., R. Kaur, M. R. Edwards, et al. "Human rhinovirus-induced inflammatory responses are inhibited by phosphatidylserine containing liposomes." Mucosal Immunology 9, no. 5 (2016): 1303–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/mi.2015.137.

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Abstract Human rhinovirus (HRV) infections are major contributors to the healthcare burden associated with acute exacerbations of chronic airway disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. Cellular responses to HRV are mediated through pattern recognition receptors that may in part signal from membrane microdomains. We previously found Toll-like receptor signaling is reduced, by targeting membrane microdomains with a specific liposomal phosphatidylserine species, 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine (SAPS). Here we explored the ability of this approach

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Blomqvist, S., A. Skyttä, M. Roivainen, and T. Hovi. "Rapid Detection of Human Rhinoviruses in Nasopharyngeal Aspirates by a Microwell Reverse Transcription-PCR–Hybridization Assay." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, no. 9 (1999): 2813–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.9.2813-2816.1999.

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A rapid and sensitive microwell reverse transcription (RT)-PCR–hybridization assay was developed to detect human rhinoviruses in clinical specimens and cell culture suspensions. Two hundred three nasopharyngeal aspirates collected from children with symptoms of respiratory disease were analyzed by a classical rolling-tube cell culture method, microwell culture of HeLa Ohio cell monolayers, and RT-PCR with detection of the amplicons in a microwell hybridization assay. The RT-PCR was also done with harvests of the microwell cultures. RNA was extracted with a commercial kit, and the RT-PCR proced

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Terajima, Masanori, Mutsuo Yamaya, Kiyohisa Sekizawa та ін. "Rhinovirus infection of primary cultures of human tracheal epithelium: role of ICAM-1 and IL-1β". American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 273, № 4 (1997): L749—L759. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.1997.273.4.l749.

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Exacerbations of asthma are often associated with respiratory infection caused by rhinoviruses. To study the effects of rhinovirus infection on respiratory epithelium, a primary target for respiratory viruses, human rhinovirus (HRV)-2 and HRV-14 were infected to primary cultures of human tracheal epithelial cells. Viral infection was confirmed by showing that viral titers of supernatants and lysates from infected cells increased with time and by polymerase chain reaction. HRV-2 and HRV-14 infections upregulated the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) mRNA, the major rhinov

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Kitamura, Kouichi, and Minetaro Arita. "Evaluation of VP4-VP2 sequencing for molecular typing of human enteroviruses." PLOS ONE 19, no. 12 (2024): e0311806. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0311806.

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Enteroviruses and rhinoviruses are highly diverse, with over 300 identified types. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays targeting their VP1, VP4, and partial VP2 (VP4-pVP2) genomic regions are used for detection and identification. The VP4-pVP2 region is particularly sensitive to RT-PCR detection, making it efficient for clinical specimen analysis. However, a standard type identification method using this region is lacking. This study aimed to establish such a method by examining the divergence of VP4-pVP2 amino acid sequences between enterovirus and rhinovirus proto

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Hamamoto, Itsuki, and Noriko Shimasaki. "Erratum for “The Importance of Monitoring Viral Respiratory Infections During the COVID-19 Crisis” (Vol.17, pp. 73-81, 2022)." Journal of Disaster Research 17, no. 5 (2022): 839–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2022.p0839.

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Due to an authors’ error, the original version of this article contained errors in in-text citations under Section 4.4 and the corresponding references. Reference [55] should be listed as [56] and the following paper should be listed as [55]. K. P. Tao, M. Chong, J. C. S. Pun, J. G. S. Tsun, S. M. W. Chow, C. S. H. Ng, M. H. T. Wang, Z. Chan, P. K. S. Chan, A. M. Li, and R. W. Y. Chan, “Suppression of influenza virus infection by rhinovirus interference at the population, individual and cellular levels,” medRxiv, doi: 10.1101/2021.08.09.21256656, 2021. The two paragraphs in Section 4.4 (pp. 79

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Gamarnik, Andrea V., Nina Böddeker, and Raul Andino. "Translation and Replication of Human Rhinovirus Type 14 and Mengovirus in Xenopus Oocytes." Journal of Virology 74, no. 24 (2000): 11983–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.74.24.11983-11987.2000.

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ABSTRACT We have previously shown that Xenopus oocytes require coinjection of both poliovirus RNA and HeLa cell extracts to support a complete cycle of viral replication yielding high levels of infectious viral particles. This novel system provides a tool for identifying host factors and for biochemically dissect individual steps that lead to virus production. Here we demonstrate that Xenopus oocytes are able to support replication of other picornaviruses such as human rhinovirus 14 and mengovirus. Unlike poliovirus, microinjection of mengovirus RNA yields high viral titers (about 107PFU/oocyt

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Charles, Catherine H., Guang X. Luo, Lori A. Kohlstaedt, et al. "Prevention of Human Rhinovirus Infection by Multivalent Fab Molecules Directed against ICAM-1." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47, no. 5 (2003): 1503–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.5.1503-1508.2003.

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ABSTRACT We have developed a technology for improving avidity by making bivalent, trivalent, or tetravalent recombinant polypeptides. We designed tripartite proteins consisting of the Fab fragment of an antibody fused with a hinge derived from human immunoglobulin D that was further linked to polymerization domains derived from human coiled-coil proteins. We report here on the application of this method with a Fab domain directed against the major human rhinovirus receptor, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). Multivalent anti-ICAM-1 molecules were produced in bacteria and purified as s

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Drahos, Jennifer, and Vincent R. Racaniello. "Cleavage of IPS-1 in Cells Infected with Human Rhinovirus." Journal of Virology 83, no. 22 (2009): 11581–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01490-09.

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ABSTRACT Rhinoviruses are prevalent human pathogens that are associated with life-threatening acute asthma exacerbations. The innate immune response to rhinovirus infection, which may play an important role in virus-induced asthma induction, has not been comprehensively investigated. We examined the innate immune response in cells infected with human rhinovirus 1a (HRV1a). Beta interferon (IFN-β) mRNA was induced in HRV1a-infected cells at levels significantly lower than in cells infected with Sendai virus. To understand the basis for this observation, we determined whether components of the p

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Wang, Q. May, Robert B. Johnson, Louis N. Jungheim, Jeffrey D. Cohen, and Elcira C. Villarreal. "Dual Inhibition of Human Rhinovirus 2A and 3C Proteases by Homophthalimides." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 42, no. 4 (1998): 916–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.42.4.916.

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ABSTRACT The 2A and 3C proteases encoded by human rhinoviruses (HRVs) are attractive targets for antiviral drug development due to their important roles in viral replication. Homophthalimides were originally identified as inhibitors of rhinovirus 3C protease through our screening effort. Previous studies have indicated that the antiviral activity of certain homophthalimides exceeded their in vitro inhibitory activity against the viral 3C protease, suggesting that an additional mechanism might be involved. Reported here is the identification of homophthalimides as potent inhibitors for another

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Michi, Aubrey N., Michelle E. Love, and David Proud. "Rhinovirus-Induced Modulation of Epithelial Phenotype: Role in Asthma." Viruses 12, no. 11 (2020): 1328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12111328.

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Human rhinoviruses have been linked both to the susceptibility of asthma development and to the triggering of acute exacerbations. Given that the human airway epithelial cell is the primary site of human rhinovirus (HRV) infection and replication, the current review focuses on how HRV-induced modulation of several aspects of epithelial cell phenotype could contribute to the development of asthma or to the induction of exacerbations. Modification of epithelial proinflammatory and antiviral responses are considered, as are alterations in an epithelial barrier function and cell phenotype. The con

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Scully, Erik J., Sarmi Basnet, Richard W. Wrangham, et al. "Lethal Respiratory Disease Associated with Human Rhinovirus C in Wild Chimpanzees, Uganda, 2013." Emerging Infectious Diseases 24, no. 2 (2018): 267–74. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13534504.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) We describe a lethal respiratory outbreak among wild chimpanzees in Uganda in 2013 for which molecular and epidemiologic analyses implicate human rhinovirus C as the cause. Postmortem samples from an infant chimpanzee yielded near-complete genome sequences throughout the respiratory tract; other pathogens were absent. Epidemiologic modeling estimated the basic reproductive number (R0) for the epidemic as 1.83, consistent with the common cold in humans. Genotyping of 41 chimpanzees and examination of 24 published chimpanzee genomes from subspec

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Scully, Erik J., Sarmi Basnet, Richard W. Wrangham, et al. "Lethal Respiratory Disease Associated with Human Rhinovirus C in Wild Chimpanzees, Uganda, 2013." Emerging Infectious Diseases 24, no. 2 (2018): 267–74. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13534504.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) We describe a lethal respiratory outbreak among wild chimpanzees in Uganda in 2013 for which molecular and epidemiologic analyses implicate human rhinovirus C as the cause. Postmortem samples from an infant chimpanzee yielded near-complete genome sequences throughout the respiratory tract; other pathogens were absent. Epidemiologic modeling estimated the basic reproductive number (R0) for the epidemic as 1.83, consistent with the common cold in humans. Genotyping of 41 chimpanzees and examination of 24 published chimpanzee genomes from subspec

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Ruuskanen, Olli, Matti Waris, and Octavio Ramilo. "New Aspects on Human Rhinovirus Infections." Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 32, no. 5 (2013): 553–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/inf.0b013e3182833c90.

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Miller, E. K., J. V. Williams, T. Gebretsadik, et al. "Human Rhinovirus Clades in Infant Bronchiolitis." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 123, no. 2 (2009): S149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2008.12.558.

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Oliveira, Marcos A., Rui Zhao, Wai-Ming Lee, et al. "The structure of human rhinovirus 16." Structure 1, no. 1 (1993): 51–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0969-2126(93)90008-5.

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Alameedy, fadyia mahdi muslim. "EVALUATION OF PROINFLAMMATORY OF HUMAN RHINOVIRUS." Theoretical & Applied Science 29, no. 09 (2015): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15863/tas.2015.09.29.3.

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Aghayeva, Zarkhanim. "RAPID DIAGNOSTICS FOR HUMAN RHINOVIRUS C." SCIENTIFIC WORK 17, no. 4 (2023): 320–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/89/320-328.

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Xiang, Zichun, Richard Gonzalez, Zhengde Xie, et al. "Human rhinovirus C infections mirror those of human rhinovirus A in children with community-acquired pneumonia." Journal of Clinical Virology 49, no. 2 (2010): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2010.07.013.

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A. Hamada, Thekra, and Israa Ali Arif. "Seroprevalence of Rhinovirus in Common Cold Patients in Relation with ICAM-1 Level in Tikrit City." Al-Kufa University Journal for Biology 11, no. 2 (2019): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36320/ajb/v11.i2.8158.

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Human rhinoviruses is the major cause of cold illness, also this virus related with more severe illness like exacerbation of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the most causative agents of upper respiratory tract complications. The study aims to evaluate the relation of ICAM-1 levels in HRV infection among common cold patients. Across sectional study was carried out in Salahaldin governorate from December, 2017 to March 2018. The number of patients were 70 patients who clinically infected with common cold and were 17-66 years old that belonged different geographical area of Sala

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Darmawan, Anton Budhi, Aghnianditya Kresno Dewantari, Hanifah Fajri Maharani Putri, Ageng Wiyatno, Daniel Joko Wahyono, and Dodi Safari. "Identification of the Viral Pathogens in School Children With Acute Otitis Media in Central Java, Indonesia." Global Pediatric Health 10 (January 2023): 2333794X2211498. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2333794x221149899.

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Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common infectious diseases in pediatric clinical facilities and has a significant impact on health care. It is a polymicrobial disease and is usually preceded by a viral upper respiratory tract infection. Data on the spectrum of viruses that cause AOM in Indonesia are still limited. This study analyzed nasopharynx (NP) samples collected from 119 school children with AOM in Banyumas Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Viral RNA was extracted for cDNA synthesis, followed by PCR and sequencing tools for detection of a panel of respiratory viruses using fa

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Carraro, Silvia, Joseph Doherty, Khalequz Zaman, et al. "S-nitrosothiols regulate cell-surface pH buffering by airway epithelial cells during the human immune response to rhinovirus." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 290, no. 5 (2006): L827—L832. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00406.2005.

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Human rhinovirus infection is a common trigger for asthma exacerbations. Asthma exacerbations and rhinovirus infections are both associated with markedly decreased pH and ammonium levels in exhaled breath condensates. This observation is thought to be related, in part, to decreased activity of airway epithelial glutaminase. We studied whether direct rhinovirus infection and/or the host immune response to the infection decreased airway epithelial cell surface pH in vitro. Interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α, but not direct rhinovirus infection, decreased pH, an effect partly associated wit

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Barral, Sébastien, Aline Mamin, Carole Dantin, et al. "Rhinovirus Infections among Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients: A Pre-Transplant Dilemma?" Viruses 14, no. 2 (2022): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14020267.

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Respiratory viral infections (RVIs) in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT) recipients can be of concern due to the patients’ depressed immune status, but few data are available about the significance of a pre-transplant positive testing. In this retrospective observational study, we analyzed a cohort of patients that were transplanted between 1 January 2010 and 31 October 2019 in the Geneva University Hospitals with at least one RVI before or after transplantation. At least one RVI was detected in 319/533 (63.5%) transplanted patients. Rhinoviruses were most frequently id

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Hughes, P. J., C. North, C. H. Jellis, P. D. Minor, and G. Stanway. "The Nucleotide Sequence of Human Rhinovirus 1B: Molecular Relationships within the Rhinovirus Genus." Journal of General Virology 69, no. 1 (1988): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-69-1-49.

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Hastings, G. Z., D. J. Rowlands, and M. J. Francis. "Proliferative Responses of T cells Primed Against Human Rhinovirus to other Rhinovirus Serotypes." Journal of General Virology 72, no. 12 (1991): 2947–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-72-12-2947.

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Schibler, Manuel, Daniel Gerlach, Yannick Martinez, et al. "Experimental human rhinovirus and enterovirus interspecies recombination." Journal of General Virology 93, no. 1 (2012): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.035808-0.

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Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) and enteroviruses (HEVs), two important human pathogens, are non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA viruses of the genus Enterovirus within the family Picornaviridae. Intraspecies recombination is known as a driving force for enterovirus and, to a lesser extent, rhinovirus evolution. Interspecies recombination is much less frequent among circulating strains, and supporting evidence for such recombination is limited to ancestral events, as shown by recent phylogenetic analyses reporting ancient HRV-A/HRV-C, HEV-A/HEV-C and HEV-A/HEV-D recombination mainly at the 5′-untransl

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Indelicato, Giuliana, Paolo Cermelli, and Reidun Twarock. "A coarse-grained model of the expansion of the human rhinovirus 2 capsid reveals insights in genome release." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 16, no. 157 (2019): 20190044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2019.0044.

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Human rhinoviruses are causative agents of the common cold. In order to release their RNA genome into the host during a viral infection, these small viruses must undergo conformational changes in their capsids, whose detailed mechanism is strictly related to the process of RNA extrusion, which has been only partially elucidated. We study here a mathematical model for the structural transition between the native particle of human rhinovirus type 2 and its expanded form, viewing the process as an energy cascade, i.e. a sequence of metastable states with decreasing energy connected by minimum ene

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