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Journal articles on the topic 'Human trafficking – European Union countries'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Wong, Alfred, and Roxanne Gomes. "Societal and Economic Elements of Trafficking in Human Beings into the European Union." Issues in Ethnology and Anthropology 7, no. 3 (2016): 831–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21301/eap.v7i3.11.

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The European Union (EU) is an early signatory of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime. During the past decade, the EU has been undertaking various measures to conform to the "Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons". The mitigating strategy has been largely based on the enforcement of existing and new laws, inside as well as outside of the EU. To date, the results have been largely ineffective. Addressing the societal and economic elements of home and host countries could be a more enduring means to alleviate the problem of trafficking in

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2

Jovanovic, Marija. "International Law and Regional Norm Smuggling: How the EU and ASEAN Redefined the Global Regime on Human Trafficking." American Journal of Comparative Law 68, no. 4 (2020): 801–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcl/avaa030.

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Abstract The European Union (EU) and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) have developed fundamentally different regional regimes to address human trafficking despite both drawing on the framework established by the U.N. Palermo Protocol. These regimes have been deployed to achieve different missions: crime control animates the European framework whereas migration management informs the ASEAN regime. These different regional agendas have led to all central elements of the respective antitrafficking regimes being addressed differently including, the legal authority of the regional

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Szkurłat, Izabela. "Migration as a Threat to International Security." Security Dimensions 32, no. 32 (2019): 64–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.0987.

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The article presents migration as a threat to international security in the 21st century. The first part presents the problem of people migrating to Europe, including third-country nationals. It is shown that uncontrolled mass migration has forced European countries to provide budget, shelter and counselling for migrants. Furthermore, there were many cases when migration met with disapproval of indigenous people and fear of the impossibility of integrating different cultures and customs. European Union has introduced financial tools to support member countries in financing migration-related pr

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Kryshevych, Olha, and Inna Roschyna. "Migration and human trafficking in the conditions of armed conflict: relationship and consequences." Migration & Law 3, no. 1-2 (2023): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32752/2786-5185-2023-3-1-2-42-53.

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One of the key principles of the national foreign policy is to ensure Ukraine's integration into the European political, economic, and legal space with the aim of gaining membership in the European Union. For this purpose, the authorities in our country ratified international treaties and adopted a number of laws, which, both in the pre-war period and during martial law, significantly reduced the level of offenses in the field of human trafficking, since millions of Ukrainians have been abroad since the beginning of the war, and together with the temporary protection, refugees gained access to

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JABBA, Furqan Adil, and Hussein Mezher KHALAF. "COLOMBIA: ASSESSING THE ROLES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION IN CONFLICT RESOLUTION AND PEACEBUILDING." Conflict Studies Quarterly, no. 47 (April 5, 2024): 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/csq.47.1.

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Colombia’s internal armed conflict, dating back to the 1960s, has garnered interna tional attention and become a priority for many donor countries. The resurgence of violence in the 1990s, combined with the influx of drug trafficking funds and the emergence of new illegal actors, resulted in fresh humanitarian crises and human rights violations. Concurrently, the internationalization of the armed conflict, spearheaded by the government of Andrés Pastrana (1998-2002) through the policy of diplomacy for peace, brought the shared responsibility approach to drug control onto the global stage. The

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Kurbanov, Davlat Ravshanovich. "ISSUES OF LIABILITY FOR CRIMES AGAINST PERSONAL LIBERTY IN SOME FOREIGN COUNTRIES: A COMPARATIVE LEGAL ANALYSIS." Journal of law research 1, no. 5 (2022): 3. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7366016.

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This article provides a comparative legal analysis of issues of responsibility for crimes against personal freedom in some foreign countries. In particular, the experience of member states of the European Union, America, Asia and the Commonwealth of Independent States was studied in the research. In the criminal legislation of these countries, the system of norms, content, specific aspects and aspects different from the national criminal legislation are highlighted.

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Vita, Musatenko, and Smaglyuk Oleksandr. "Migration and current issues of anti-trafficking in human beings related to armed aggression on the territory of Ukraine." Migration & Law 2, no. 5-6 (2022): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32752/2786-5185-2022-2-5-6-44-52.

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In this article highlights the problems caused by changes in the migration situation in Ukraine after the beginning of the full-scale invasion of Russia on the territory of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, as well as proposals for improving the system of countering human trafficking and improving the mechanism of bringing guilty persons to criminal responsibility. The article shows that the military actions on the territory of Ukraine led to the migration of people from the territory of Ukraine, first of all, to the territory of the European Union, and within the country, which caused a number of

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Ristić, Vladimir. "The European model of the integrated border management." Pravo - teorija i praksa 39, no. 2 (2022): 91–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ptp2202091r.

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The enlargement of the European Union has called for a reevaluation of the way the external borders to be protected as a necessary consequence of the free movement of people in the European Union. It also appears to be a result of a fundamental component of the area of freedom, security and justice. The abolition of the internal border checks and a different approach to external borders followed by emerging forms of cross-border crime with a cross-border dimension, illegal migration, trafficking in human beings and terrorist threats constantly being on the rise, have requested a different appr

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VÂLCU, ELISE-NICOLETA. "EUROPEAN UNION LEGAL PROVISIONS ON THE ADMISSION OF THIRD-COUNTRY NATIONALS FOR THE PURPOSE OF EMPLOYMENTAS SEASONAL WORKERS." Agora International Journal of Juridical Sciences 12, no. 1 (2018): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/aijjs.v12i1.3415.

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”The global approach in matters of migration and mobility”, adopted by the Commission in 2011, sets out a general framework for the relations of the European Union with the third countries in matters of migration. This approach is based on four pillars: legal immigration and mobility, illegal immigration and human trafficking, international protection and asylum policy, as well as maximization of the impact of migration and of mobility on development.On 13th May 2015, the Commission presented”The European Agenda on migration” proposing immediate measures and actions to perform in the following

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10

Cvetković, Nenad, and Zoran Obradović. "The influence of the European Union on combating irregular migration in the Republic of Serbia." Politika nacionalne bezbednosti 27, no. 2 (2024): 53–77. https://doi.org/10.5937/pnb27-47311.

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The European Union has been leading a common policy in combating irregular migration for many years. It is based on the comprehensive cooperation of all actors involved in population migration and, above all, with the countries of origin, transition and final destination of migrants. In the process of joining and negotiating with the European Union, candidate countries such as Serbia are required to adapt to the EU's legal acquis in migration. It is also required to create appropriate institutional capacities and take measures to prevent illegal migrants from reaching their final destinations.

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11

Roschyna, Inna. "Criminal liability for using a minor migrant for begging: national and international legislation." Migration & Law 3, no. 3-4 (2023): 18–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32752/2786-5185-2023-3-3-4-18-36.

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One of the key principles of the national foreign policy is to ensure Ukraine’s integration into the European political, economic and legal space with the aim of gaining membership in the European Union. This integration is of great importance for the development of the country, improving its economy, strengthening democracy and ensuring human rights. Ratification of international treaties and adoption of laws contribute to creating a legal basis for reforms and solving problems, in particular in the field of human trafficking. Conflict and war often lead to a significant increase in the risk

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Irabor, Peter. "Response of the European Union on Return Directive and Readmission Agreements (RDRAs) on Nigerian Irregular Migrants." Rocznik Integracji Europejskiej, no. 17 (December 30, 2023): 257–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/rie.2023.17.16.

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This study appraised the EU RDRAs on Nigerian irregular migrants and examined the challenges of RDRAs on Nigerian irregular migrants. The study made use of primary sources of data through in-depth interview conducted on EU delegation to Nigeria and ECOWAS, European External Action Service, Frontex, International Organisation for Migration, Idia Renaissance, Nigeria Immigration Service and the National Agency for the Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons. Findings from the study showed that two types of return directive exits; voluntary return and enforced return. Voluntary returnees are provid

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van Kampen, Catherine, Elizabeth M. Zechenter, Sophia Murashkovsky Romma, and Robert Jeffrey Powell. "A Survey of Immigration Models and Refugee Protection Schemes and their Consequences: The Case of Ukrainian Refugees." Journal of Human Trafficking, Enslavement and Conflict-Related Sexual Violence 3, no. 2 (2022): 141–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7590/266644722x16710255213792.

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After its illegal occupation and annexation of Crimea in 2014 and continued military support for separatists in the Donbas, Russia escalated its war against Ukraine in February 2022 with direct ground attacks by Russian military forces on Ukraine's eastern, northern and southern borders, a blockade of Ukraine's coast and aerial attacks throughout the country. Millions of Ukrainians fled, including thousands of international students residing in Ukraine. Countries around the world responded to the resulting refugee crisis with varying policies. Many of Ukraine's neighboring countries enacted mo

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14

Tittel-Mosser, Fanny. "The Unintended Legal and Policy Relevance of EU Mobility Partnerships." European Journal of Migration and Law 20, no. 3 (2018): 314–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718166-12340033.

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Abstract The Mobility Partnerships between the European Union and third countries have a negative image as they are often viewed as a tool of migration control rather than a flexible instrument to enhance mobility. Yet so far scholars have predominantly investigated the asymmetric negotiation of Mobility Partnerships as well as their limited consequences for migrant rights in EU Member States. What is often overlooked is that these partnerships can also influence the development of the legal and policy frameworks of third countries in ways that go beyond what is foreseen at the time of the neg

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15

Djorobekova, A., A. Khamzin, A. Boretskiy, and Sh Fayziev. "Labour migration and forced labour in the context of economic integration: new challenges and realities: statement of the problem." Bulletin of the Innovative University of Eurasia 80, no. 4 (2020): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.37788/2020-4/56-61.

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Main problem:The main idea of this study is the development of proposals for improving the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as the regulatory framework of the Eurasian Economic Union, taking into account the experience of the European Union countries (as the largest integration association), towards the further development of the legal framework for cooperation in the social-labor sphere, as well as improving the integration and migration policy of the Eurasian Economic Union countries in general, and the Republic of Kazakhstan, in particular. In addition, this study intends

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16

Kivalova, T. S., and O. O. Bondaryuk. "Legal regulation of combating child abduction in international family law." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 3, no. 81 (2024): 245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2024.81.3.36.

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The obligation of states in accordance with the Convention on the Civil and Legal Aspects of International Child Abduction to carry out the immediate return of the child is not always effectively implemented due to the procedural defects of the Convention [1], which is confirmed by the practice of its application at the international level. Based on the analysis of the rulings of the European Court of Human Rights, some procedural gaps of the Hague Convention of 1980 [4] are investigated and ways to solve them are proposed. Today, in the conditions of war, solving the issue of child abduction

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17

Sonia, Morano-Foadi, and Ventrella Matilde. "Agencification, Fundamental Rights, and the Non-Delegation Doctrine: Frontex's Mandate on Trafficking in Human Beings (THB)." Yearbook of European Union and Comparative Law (YEUCL) 3 (November 12, 2024): 764–816. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14094052.

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<strong>Abstract: </strong>This article presents findings from an ongoing study examining Frontex's role in safeguarding human rights for undocumented migrants affected by return policies, as well as for actual and potential victims of trafficking in human beings (THB) who face precarious situations at the intersection of undocumented migration and trafficking dynamics. The Lisbon Treaty established the Area of Freedom, Security, and Justice (AFSJ), which has since seen a significantly expanded role for AFSJ decentralised agencies. Despite Member States’ (MSs) reluctance to transfer

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18

Lukianchuk, Y. L. "International cooperation between Ukraine and criminal justice agencies of the European Union." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 4, no. 88 (2025): 91–96. https://doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2025.88.4.13.

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The article explores the key aspects of international cooperation between Ukraine and the criminal justice authorities of the European Union. It analyzes the concept of criminal justice within the EU, which encompasses a set of legal, institutional, and procedural mechanisms aimed at ensuring criminal justice, preventing and investigating crimes, and holding perpetrators accountable. It is established that the EU criminal justice system includes the following key elements: law enforcement agencies, prosecutorial authorities, judicial institutions, as well as specialized European agencies that

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Hedlin, Simon. "Can Prostitution Law Reform Curb Sex Trafficking? Theory and Evidence on Scale Substitution, and Replacement Effects." University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform, no. 50.2 (2017): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.36646/mjlr.50.2.can.

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Sex trafficking, a pervasive problem in many parts of the world, has become increasingly salient to policymakers and the general public. Activists, politicians, and scholars continue to engage in debates about how best to curb it. This Article discusses one especially contentious dimension of these debates: does banning prostitution reduce sex trafficking? Or is legalizing prostitution the optimal approach? Or is there a third, better way? Proceeding both theoretically and empirically, this Article seeks to cast light on the relationship between different types of prostitution laws and the pre

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20

Bugyáki, Attila. "Milestones in the Foundation and Role of the Most Significant International Organizations against Money Laundering in the European Union." Academic and Applied Research in Military and Public Management Science 16, no. 3 (2017): 135–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32565/aarms.2017.3.9.

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In this two-piece study, the author introduces the most important international organizations and institutions fighting against money laundering of our time, through the main chapters of the formation of the international institutional system. The first part is focused on the creation of the international institutional system fighting against money laundering.By the 21st century the phenomenon of money laundering—with the need of the laundering of gradually increasing “dirty” money, mainly from drugs, weapons and human trafficking, prostitution and corruption—has become a worldwide problem. Wi

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21

Gordon, Joy. "Introduction." Ethics & International Affairs 33, no. 3 (2019): 275–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0892679419000340.

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It is hard to imagine a threat to international security or a tension within U.S. foreign policy that does not involve the imposition of economic sanctions. The United Nations Security Council has fourteen sanctions regimes currently in place, and all member states of the United Nations are obligated to participate in their enforcement. The United States has some thirty sanctions programs, which target a range of countries, companies, organizations, and individuals, and many of these are autonomous sanctions that are independent of the measures required by the United Nations. Australia, Canada

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Fasting, Ulla, Jan Christensen, and Susanne Glending. "Children Sold for Transplants: medical and legal aspects." Nursing Ethics 5, no. 6 (1998): 518–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096973309800500606.

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Over the last few decades there has been a substantially higher percentage of successful organ transplants but also a significant imbalance between the demand for and the supply of organs, creating the basis for a highly profitable black market trade in human organs. Sometimes there are reports that children have been kidnapped, only to reappear later lacking one kidney, or that they simply disappear and are subsequently killed to have all their transplantable organs removed for profit. The European Union feels that there is a need for action and that it has a duty to act in this field, especi

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Fihura, V. O. "THE NEED TO IMPLEMENT THE API/PNR SYSTEM AND THE CONCEPT OF INTERVIEWING." Constitutional State, no. 48 (December 19, 2022): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2411-2054.2022.48.267960.

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The article reveals issues regarding the possibility of implementing the API/PNR system in Ukraine in order to ensure national security and border security of our state. Emphasizing that the basis for the future implementation of advance passenger information and passenger registration records was the signing of the Agreement between the Governments of Ukraine and the United States in 2021. According to the agreements, international airports were to be the first checkpoints where API/PNR was planned to be launched, but, unfortunately, the undeclared war by the Russian Federation and the closi

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Polyvaniuk, V. D. "Types and forms of smuggling of illegal migrants, goods, narcotics and their precursors into (from) the territory of Ukraine." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 3, no. 88 (2025): 23–27. https://doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2025.88.3.3.

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The article examines the general concepts defined by law regarding the illegal import and movement into the territory of Ukraine outside customs control or with concealment from customs control of various items. The specified topic «Types and forms of smuggling of illegal migrants, goods and material values, narcotics and their precursors into (from) the territory of Ukraine» remains one of the most dangerous challenges of our time, which significantly affects the economic, social and national security of Ukraine. The geographical location of Ukraine at the intersection of international transp

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Gofman, Mikhail I., and Maria Villa. "Identity and War: The Role of Biometrics in the Russia-Ukraine Crisis." International Journal on Engineering, Science and Technology 5, no. 1 (2023): 89–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.46328/ijonest.143.

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On February 24, 2022, Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine. While many experts have examined the conflict from geopolitical, economic, and humanitarian angles, few have formally studied biometric technologies' role in the conflict. Our analytical survey helps fill this gap. On one hand, the faces and fingerprints of refugees are being used to protect the national security of asylum countries in what has become the worst refugee crisis since WWII. Biometric passports simplify travel for Ukrainian refugees to countries in the European Union through a visa-free traveling regime. Meanw

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Lutovac, Zoran. "Migration and European integration of Serbia." Stanovnistvo 54, no. 1 (2016): 41–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/stnv160519002l.

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This paper focuses on migration in the context of European integration which implies, on the one hand, internal integration, integration within the EU and, on the other hand, the enlargement process related to the countries that have applied to join the EU. The aim is to determine in which way the migration, especially refugee crisis in 2015, had influence on the EU, as a supranational political community, and what was the impact on Serbia which is in the process of integration into the European Union. Migrant crisis has shown that the EU has to confront many different issues including several

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Shimchenko, Ljudmila. "Migration processes in Ukraine during a period of full-scale war: security guarantees and legal opportunities." University Economic Bulletin, no. 57 (May 26, 2023): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2023-57-120-125.

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The subject of the research is security guarantees and legal opportunities of Ukrainian migrants in the conditions of Russia's wars against Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to determine the elements of the phenomenon of Ukrainian migration processes in the conditions of Russia's aggression against Ukraine. Research methods. In order to solve the research tasks, a systematic approach, methods of generalization, analysis, and synthesis were used, which made it possible to ensure the conceptual unity of the research. The results of the work: The article substantiates the phenomenon of Ukraini

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Legka, O. "Legal regulation registration of human genomic information: international and domestic experience." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 2, no. 72 (2022): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2022.72.44.

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The article analyzes the main regulatory and legal documents that regulate the issue of legal regulation of the state registration of human genomic information in Ukraine. It has been established that the functioning of the database of human genomic information in Ukraine is currently regulated by the Instruction on the Organization of the Operation of Forensic Records of the Expert Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, approved by the Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine dated September 10, 2009 No. 390. However, the sources of the formation of records of genetic charac

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Shelikhovska, Iryna, та Mykhailo Hribov. "Prosecutorʼs supervision of detection and investigation of drug crimes: International standards and best practices". Naukovij vìsnik Nacìonalʹnoï akademìï vnutrìšnìh sprav 28, № 4 (2023): 30–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.56215/naia-herald/4.2023.30.

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The rapid spread of drug addiction makes it necessary to step up counteraction to drug crimes (while the police strictly observe human rights), which is possible only if the prosecutorʼs supervision is effective, which determines the relevance of the study of its problems. The purpose of the study is to characterise the state of legal regulation and practical implementation of prosecutorʼs supervision over operational and investigative counteraction and pre-trial investigation of criminal offences in the field of drug trafficking in terms of compliance with international law, and also to formu

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Staiano, Fulvia. "THE PROTECTION OF EUROPEAN UNION CITIZENS VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN EUROPE." Italian Yearbook of International Law Online 25, no. 1 (2016): 159–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116133-90000111a.

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On February 2015, Eurostat issued a report highlighting that 65% of registered victims of human trafficking in Europe between 2010 and 2012 were citizens of the European Union (EU). Despite the seriousness of this phenomenon, EU citizens who are victims of trafficking are afforded little protection in the European legal space. First, the multi-level legal framework against trafficking applicable on the Union territory does not recognise clear residence rights to this group. Second, the general freedom of movement granted to all EU citizens under Directive 2004/38 might be precluded to victims

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Hughes, Donna M. "Trafficking in Human Beings in the European Union." SAGE Open 4, no. 4 (2014): 215824401455358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244014553585.

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Todić, Anđelija. "Application of article 4 of the European convention in the case law of the European court of human rights - between forced labor and human trafficking." Eudaimonia 7, no. 1 (2023): 123–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.51204/ivrs_23107a.

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The European Union perceived the case of hundreds of Vietnamese working in the Chinese factory „Linglong” in Serbia as forced labor and potential human trafficking for the purpose of labor exploitation. This case and European interpretation imply a deeper issue. How to qualify this situation – as forced labor, human trafficking or forced labor and human trafficking? Answering this question, the author observes a contradiction in the understanding of the relationship between forced labor and human trafficking in the instruments of the International Labor Organization, on one side, and the instr

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Tallmadge, Rachel, and Robert Jeffrey Gitter. "The Determinants of Human Trafficking in the European Union." Journal of Human Trafficking 4, no. 2 (2017): 155–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23322705.2017.1336368.

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Burcă, Nicoleta-Andreea-Teodora. "CRIMINAL POLICIES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION IN THE FIELD OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING." AGORA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF JURIDICAL SCIENCES 18, no. 1 (2024): 238–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/aijjs.v18i1.6760.

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Trafficking in persons, like any other crime, generates a negative behavior that affects some people, who in most cases give their consent without realizing the extent of the consequences. Trafficking in human beings implies, in most cases, the carrying out of specific activities on the territory of the victims' state of origin, continued actions on the territory of the destination state, where the criminal activity can be completed or continue on the territory of other states. Thus, the traffic acquires a transnational and cross-border character in the realization of which several people with

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Valkovičová, Veronika. "Gender mainstreaming and tackling human trafficking in the European Union." Czech Journal of Social Sciences, Business and Economics 4, no. 1 (2015): 42–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24984/cjssbe.2015.4.1.4.

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Vadura, Katharine. "Globalisation and Human Commodities: Combating Child Trafficking in the European Union." International Journal of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences: Annual Review 2, no. 1 (2007): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1833-1882/cgp/v02i01/52204.

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Beleš, Andrej. "Combating Trafficking in Human Beings (Sexual Exploitation) in EU Law: Current Challenges." Slovak Yearbook of European Union Law 2 (December 31, 2022): 9–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.54869/syeul.2022.2.331.

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Trafficking in human beings is a serious organised crime that appears in several forms. Sexual exploitation is the most common form of trafficking in human beings. The European Union combats sexual exploitation by harmonising substantive criminal law (Directives 2011/36/EU and 2011/93/EU) and certain procedural issues and by actively enforcing its policies. Nevertheless, the statistical data from the Member States concerning this crime indicate that the fight against this serious social phenomenon is not sufficiently effective. The European Commission has proposed a reform of Directive 2011/36

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Rossoni, Isotta. "Understanding EU Funding of Anti-Trafficking Initiatives: Where is the money (not) going?" Anti-Trafficking Review, no. 23 (September 30, 2024): 98–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.14197/atr.201224236.

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Critical trafficking scholars have questioned the staggering and ever-rising scale of financial investments in the anti-trafficking industry. While many analyses have focused on the United States, considerably less attention has been devoted to anti-trafficking funding provided by the European Union (EU). This paper draws on an analysis of the results of several EU programmes funding anti-trafficking actions during the 2014–2020 programming period. It describes the type of projects and organisations funded, the countries involved, the amounts awarded, and the potential reoccurrence of funding

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Symeonidou-Kastanidou, Elisavet. "Directive 2011/36/EU on Combating Trafficking in Human Beings." New Journal of European Criminal Law 7, no. 4 (2016): 465–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/203228441600700406.

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Directive 2011/36/EU constituted a very important step towards a “holistic” tackling of human trafficking in the European Union, incorporating provisions not only for the criminalisation and prosecution of trafficking, but also for victim protection and crime prevention. Nonetheless, many problems still exist with regard to the content or the implementation of these provisions, which seem to prevent or limit their effective application. Therefore, after presenting the main changes that Directive 2011/36/EU introduced in the institutional framework to address human trafficking, an effort is mad

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Heywood, Loria-Mae. "Before Saying “I Do”: Legal and Policy Considerations for Facilitating Clarity on Human Trafficking and the Protection of Children in Albania." Violence and Victims 35, no. 3 (2020): 285–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/vv-d-19-00067.

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Data available on victims of human trafficking in Albania does not appear to point to a significant problem of human trafficking in the country. For example, from the years 2016 to 2018, 61 persons were officially determined to be victims of human trafficking, in a context where the average population for that period was 2,871,978 persons. However, beneath this representation of an ostensible average level of trafficking in Albania are signs which seem to be suggestive of a more serious problem in the country. Reports, for example, indicate that authorities have sometimes associated traffickin

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B�r�vk�, V. "USE OF THE EXPERIENCE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION IN COMBATING TRANSNATIONAL DRUG TRAFFICKING IN THE ACTIVITIES OF THE SECURITY SERVICE OF UKRAINE." Scientific journal of the National Academy of National Guard "Honor and Law" 4, no. 87 (2023): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.33405/2078-7480/2023/4/87/295128.

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The article analyzes the institutional and legal foundations of combating transnational drug trafficking in the European Union (EU), as well as the regulatory and legal regulation of Ukraine's cooperation with relevant EU structures in the specified area. The regulatory and legal regulation and policy of the EU in the field of combating drug trafficking are studied from the point of view of their implementation in Ukraine as part of the implementation of the policy aimed at gaining full membership in the European Union. The works of Ukrainian and foreign scientists related to combating illegal

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Isaieva, Ilona, Serhii Zabolotnyi, Yurii Moisienko, Olena Androshchuk, Oleh Reznik, and Iryna Kovalska. "Development of online learning course in combating human beings trafficking for border guard officers of Ukraine." LAPLAGE EM REVISTA 7, Extra-B (2021): 536–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-622020217extra-b967p.536-543.

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The article outlines the important role of training the border guard agencies personnel to prevent and combat trafficking in human beings. The course development methodology included defining the professional competencies according to the Sectoral Qualification Framework for border guarding in European Union, determining the level of the course and learning outcomes, elaborating learning and assessment strategies. The online course was organized in 3 main stages: self-paced (asynchronous), synchronous and reflective. During the reflective learning stage the participants analysed and systematiz

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Ventrella, Matilde, and Sonia Morano Foadi. "Re-framing European Union (EU) - United Kingdom (UK) Cooperation to Address Human Trafficking and Migrant Smuggling." Border Crossing 15, no. 3 (2025): 17–36. https://doi.org/10.33182/bc.v15i3.2920.

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Since the UK’s departure from the EU, the two parties have established a Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA) to shape their post-Brexit trade relationship. However, no formal agreement has been reached to address people smuggling and human trafficking, despite the UK government's stated intention to collaborate with the EU in tackling these crimes. We argue that when such an agreement is negotiated, it should adopt a human rights-based approach, ensuring the effective identification and protection of actual and potential victims of human trafficking. Enhanced cooperation in integrated border

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Constantinou, Angelo. "All Fine at the EU’s Southeastern Front? An Investigation into the Countering of Sex Trafficking on the Island of Cyprus." International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 14, no. 1 (2025): 86–97. https://doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.3728.

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Human trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation is a complex global issue. This article explores this issue in the context of Cyprus, an island jurisdiction within the European Union. The article aims to pinpoint gaps in the process of investigating and prosecuting cases of trafficking in persons for sexual purposes on the island of Cyprus. Thirteen interviews were conducted with representatives from various agencies commissioned to deal with human trafficking on the island, including police, courts, and prosecution services. The findings reveal a corpus of breaches and flaws througho

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Friesendorf, Cornelius, and Jacqueline Berman. "EU Foreign Policy and the Fight Against Human Trafficking: Coercive Governance as Crime Control." European Foreign Affairs Review 13, Issue 2 (2008): 189–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2008014.

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Since the late 1990s, the European Union has increased significantly its efforts against human trafficking. These efforts have, however, been fraught with contradictions, misconstrued as part of other policy debates (e.g. security, migration and enlargement) and generally ineffective in their ability to fight this global phenomenon. In practice, the EU has built a response to trafficking that privileges certain coercive practices (i.e. stronger borders, internal law enforcement and external state ‘capacity–building’) over comprehensive measures able to redress trafficking (i.e. prevention, pro

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Szandra Windt and Petronella Deres. "The characteristics of trafficking in human beings in Hungary and Romania: Charakterystyka zjawiska handlu ludźmi na Węgrzech i w Rumunii." Archives of Criminology, no. XLII/1 (June 15, 2020): 139–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.7420/ak2020m.

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Hungary and Romania are both origin and transit countries for victims of human trafficking, considering the lack of work opportunities and the deep poverty in some parts of these countries. The TIP Report1 for 2019 lists both Hungary and Romania on the Tier 2 Watch List2 for different reasons. National and international organisations report an alarmingly high number of trafficking cases in both countries, while the number of trafficking investigations and the sentences for these crimes are low. Since 2010, the leadership of the two countries has tried to meet American and European expectations

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Figus, Alessandro. "European Union and Russia: international relations evolution." Geopolitical, Social Security and Freedom Journal 3, no. 2 (2020): 124–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/gssfj-2020-0016.

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Abstract Today the relationship between Russia and the today EU-28 (today EU-27) members of the European Union is essential and very strategically important; this issue is bound to become more urgent as the two draws closer together over the next decades. In this paper, we discuss this and the Russian Federation’s role in the Ukraine conflict that has seriously affected EU-Russia relations. The EU and Russia have a long record of cooperation on issues of bilateral and international concern in several fields, from climate change to drug and human trafficking, but also the organized crime, terro

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Hołdyńska, Marta. "Illegal migration and trafficking in human beings in the European Union after 2012." Rozprawy Społeczne 15, no. 2 (2021): 70–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.29316/rs/137334.

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Samoilenko, Oleksandr, Viktor Bereziuk, Olena Zabolotna, Artem Chornyi, and Oleksandr Adamchuk. "SWOT analysis to assess the threat of illegal arms trafficking on the Ukrainian border with the European Union countries in the context of the war." Cuestiones Políticas 40, no. 75 (2022): 694–716. http://dx.doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4075.42.

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The problem of combating threats of illegal trafficking of arms, ammunition and explosives at the border points of Ukraine with the countries of the European Union EU has become urgent under martial law. The aim of the study was to develop an optimal strategy for the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine (hereinafter referred to as "SBGSU") to combat threats of illegal arms trafficking at border points with EU countries under martial law. A comprehensive methodological approach combining the following scientific methods was used: comparative method, systems analysis method, structural-function

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Likaj, Matilda, and Ferit Baca. "Social and Psychological Trauma of Human Trafficking: Albanian Women Case." Interdisciplinary Journal of Research and Development 11, no. 2 (2024): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.56345/ijrdv11n212.

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Human trafficking is a phenomenon with a long history during the centuries. In Albania country, human trafficking has existed for a long time, even during the communist period. The post-communist period has been ranked as the top period for human trafficking and human slavery. As a result of the phenomena of the collapse of communism after 1990, in Albanian society happened so many changes in the field of government and political system, the opening of boundaries toward all countries of the world or free movement toward all countries, liberalisation of the economy, social and cultural changes

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