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1

Aesop. The Fables of Aesop and others translated into human nature. Bracken Books, 1986.

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2

Bonilla, Juan. The nubian prince: A novel : Juan Bonilla ; translated by Ether Allen. Metropolitan Books, 2006.

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3

Modern Greek philosophers on the human soul: Selections from the writings of seven representative thinkers of modern Greece : Benjamin of Lesvos, Vrailas-Armenis, Skaltsounis, St. Nectarios, Louvaris, Kontoglou, and Theodorakopoulos : on the nature and immortality of the soul, translated from the original Greek and edited with a preface, introduction, notes, and glossary. 2nd ed. Institute For Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies, 1987.

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4

France. The Code Napoleon: Verbally translated from the French to which is prefixed an introductory discourse, containing a succinct account of the civil regulations, comprised in the Jewish law, the ordinances of Menu, the Ta Tsing Leu Lee, the Zend Avesta, the laws of Solon, the twelve tables of Rome, the laws of the Barbarians, the Assises of Jerusalem, and the Koran. Lawbook Exchange, 2003.

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5

France. The Code Napoleon: Verbally translated from the French to which is prefixed an introductory discourse, containing a succinct account of the civil regulations, comprised in the Jewish law, the ordinances of Menu, the Ta Tsing Leu Lee, the Zend Avesta, the laws of Solon, the twelve tables of Rome, the laws of the Barbarians, the Assises of Jerusalem, and the Koran. Gaunt, 1999.

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6

On the Fabric of the Human Body, Vol. 4. Book V: The Organs of Nutrition and Generation. Translated by William Frank Richardson in collaboration with John Burd Carman. Norman Publishing, 2008.

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7

Estrada-Tanck, Dorothy. Gender Parity, Legal Pluralism, and Human Rights of Indigenous Women: An Outlook from Mexico. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829621.003.0008.

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Mexico is one of the world leaders in the move towards parity measures for women’s representation, through its constitutional requirement of equal gender representation in legislative candidacies. Mexico has also been on the frontlines of the trend to constitutionally recognize indigenous rights, including self-government. However, the link between the two movements remains controversial. On the one hand, electoral parity for women in state institutions has not translated into a significant increase in the representation of indigenous women. On the other, indigenous women have often been excluded from participating within indigenous forms of governance. Courts have been inconsistent in their interpretation of parity norms and participation rights. To address this challenge, indigenous women have appealed to gender equality, parity democracy, and international human rights, but also to context-specific goals, including the need to tackle violence against indigenous women as well as the grave poverty and vulnerability affecting indigenous peoples.
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8

Clarkson, Thomas. An Essay on the Slavery and Commerce of the Human Species, Particularly the African (Large Print Edition): Translated from a Latin Dissertation, Which ... Cambridge, for the Year 1785, with Additions. BiblioBazaar, 2006.

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Clarkson, Thomas. An Essay on the Slavery and Commerce of the Human Species, Particularly the African: Translated from a Latin Dissertation, Which Was Honoured with the ... Cambridge, for the Year 1785, with Additions. BiblioBazaar, 2006.

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Clarkson, Thomas. An Essay on the Slavery and Commerce of the Human Species, Particularly the African Translated from a Latin Dissertation, Which Was Honoured with the First ... Cambridge, for the Year 1785, with Additions. Hard Press, 2006.

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11

Dodsley, Robert. The Economy of Human Life : Translated from an Indian Manuscript Written by an Ancient Bramin: To Which Is Prefixed, an Account of the Manner in Which ... Gentleman Residing in China to the Earl. Franklin Classics Trade Press, 2018.

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12

Essay on the Slavery and Commerce of the Human Species: Particularly the African, Translated from a Latin Dissertation, Which Was Honoured with the First Prize in the University of Cambridge, for the Year 1785. University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, 2013.

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13

Charles, Parkinson. 2 The protection of rights in Britain and the protection of rights in its territories during colonial rule and at independence. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199231935.003.0002.

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This chapter sets out the intellectual history of the protection of rights in English constitutional thought from 1689 to present, and how this approach to protecting rights was translated to the British overseas territories. It then assesses how the mechanisms for the protection of rights in the overseas territories operated during times of emergency and considers human rights violations in the colonial territories. The impact upon the British attitude to human rights in its colonial territories as a result of Britain's international obligations under the League of Nations and the United Nations as well as the European Convention on Human Rights is considered. Finally, the use of constitutionally entrenched rights in former colonies granted independence prior to 1950 is described.
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14

Aubenque, Pierre. Science Regained [1962]. Translated by Clayton Shoppa. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474412094.003.0007.

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Pierre Aubenque’s “Science Regained” (1962; translated by Clayton Shoppa) was originally published as the concluding chapter of Le Problème de l’Être chez Aristote, one of the most important and original books on Aristotle’s Metaphysics. In this essay, Aubenque contends that the impasses which beset the project of first philosophy paradoxically become its greatest accomplishments. Although science stabilizes motion and thereby introduces necessity into human cognition, human thought always occurs amidst an inescapable movement of change and contingency. Aristotle’s ontology, as a discourse that strives to achieve being in its unity, succeeds by means of the failure of the structure of its own approach: the search of philosophy – dialectic – becomes the philosophy of the search. Aubenque traces this same structure of scission, mediation, and recovery across Aristotelian discussions of theology, motion, time, imitation, and human activity.
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15

Dodsley, Robert. Economy of Human Life : Translated from an Indian Manuscript Written by an Ancient Bramin: To Which Is Prefixed, an Account of the Manner in Which the Said Manuscript Was Discovered, in a Letter from an English Gentleman Residing in China to the Earl. HardPress, 2020.

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16

Morus, Iwan Rhys. Physics and Medicine. Edited by Jed Z. Buchwald and Robert Fox. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199696253.013.23.

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This article examines the relationship between physics and medicine during the nineteenth century, with particular emphasis on the ways that physics contributed to the practice of medicine. It begins with a background on Elements of Human Physiology, translated by Arthur Gamgee from the fifth edition of Ludimar Hermann’s Grundriss der Physiologie des Menschen. Both texts are particularly interesting and intriguing because of the language they used to describe exchanges of matter and energy in the human body. The article proceeds with a discussion of the problem of vitalism and its connection to materialism, focusing on the phenomena of animal electricity. It also considers how the doctrine of the conservation of energy provided a new way of talking about the human body’s balances and imbalances. Finally, it reviews novel therapeutics that were developed based on the instruments and ideas ofphysics, from electrotherapy and nerve vibration to X-ray therapies.
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17

Bushman, Richard Lyman. The Gold Plates as Foundational Text. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190274375.003.0002.

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Richard Bushman’s “The Gold Plates as Foundational Text” focuses on the making of the Book of Mormon. In contrast to the controversies over the recovery and translation of the gold plates, the translated text is detailed and precise in explaining its own construction. Even the complicated insertion of the “small plates” into a narrative based on the “large plates” is explained and rationalized as a cultural and political force within the story. First, Nephi was clearly a political document created to justify the division of the family and the nation. Furthermore, its spiritual and prophetic emphasis made it a model for Mormon’s abridgment of the large plates. The Book of Mormon, Bushman argues, comes through as a human text pieced together by human hands out of many parts.
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18

Kershner, Jon R. Woolman the Prophet. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190868079.003.0004.

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John Woolman’s ministry efforts translated his vision of God’s will for human affairs into the physical realm. This state of union with God entailed an outward dimension consistent with the transformed state Woolman believed God intended for creation. Woolman was committed to his religious community and viewed himself as representing the best of what colonial society would become. He understood himself to be a prophet like the Hebrew prophet Jeremiah, and so he believed his actions to be within the prophetic tradition. This chapter explores Woolman’s sense of commissioning to the prophetic role and his conceptions of what such a role entailed. Then, this chapter demonstrates that the content of Woolman’s message was the application of his vision to human affairs. This message declared God’s claim over the whole world, renounced idolatrous influences, and challenged the alienation of sin.
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19

Letters from an Alien Schoolboy Translated from Alien IE Written by RL Asquith. Piccadilly Books, 2010.

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20

Priestley, Carol. Some key body parts and polysemy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198736721.003.0006.

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This chapter discusses body part nouns, a part of language that is central to human life, and the polysemy that arises in connection with them. Examples from everyday speech and narrative in various contexts are examined in a Papuan language called Koromu and semantic characteristics of body part nouns in other studies are also considered. Semantic templates are developed for nouns that represent highly visible body parts: for example, wapi ‘hands/arms’, ehi ‘feet/legs’, and their related parts. Culture-specific explications are expressed in a natural metalanguage that can be translated into Koromu to avoid the cultural bias inherent in using other languages and to reveal both distinctive semantic components and similarities to cross-linguistic examples.
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21

Jonsson, Herbert, Lovisa Berg, Chatarina Edfeldt, and Bo G. Jansson, eds. Narratives Crossing Borders: The Dynamics of Cultural Interaction. Stockholm University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.16993/bbj.

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Which is the identity of a traveler who is constantly on the move between cultures and languages? What happens with stories when they are transmitted from one place to another, when they are retold, remade, translated and re-translated? What happens with the scholars themselves, when they try to grapple with the kaleidoscopic diversity of human expression in a constantly changing world? These and related questions are, if not given a definite answer, explored in the chapters of this anthology. Its overall topic, narratives that pass over national, language and ethnical borders include studies about transcultural novels, poetry, drama and the narratives of journalism. There is a broad geographic diversity, not only in the anthology as a whole, but also in each of the single contributions. This in turn demand a multitude of theoretical and methodological approaches, which cover a spectrum of concepts from such different sources as post-colonial studies, linguistics, religion, aesthetics, art and media studies, often going beyond the well-known Western frameworks. The works of authors like Miriam Toews, Yoko Tawada, Javier Moreno, Leila Abouela, Marguerite Duras, Kyoko Mori, Francesca Duranti, Donato Ndongo-Bidyogo, Rībi Hideo, and François Cheng are studied from a variety of perspectives. Other chapters deal with code-switching in West-african novels, border-crossing in the Japanese noh drama, translational anthologies of Italian literature, urban legends on the US-Mexico border, migration in German children's books, and war trauma in poetry. Most of the chapters are case studies, and may thus be of interest, not only for specialists, but also for the general reader.
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22

Turner, Martin R., Matthew C. Kiernan, and Kevin Talbot. Technical advances in neuroscience. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199658602.003.0001.

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This chapter highlights key technological advances in neuroimaging, the understanding of impulse transmission, and the molecular biology of the nervous system that have underpinned our modern understanding of the brain, mind, and nervous system. Neuroimaging spans the sub-cellular and systems levels of neuroscience, beginning with electron microscopy and then, 50 years later, magnetic resonance imaging and increasingly sophisticated mathematical modelling of brain function. These developments have been interleaved with the improved understanding of neurotransmission, starting with the seminal observations made from giant squid axon recordings, which were translated into clinically useable tools through the application of electric current, and later with magnetic stimulation. It is during the last 50 years that a molecular framework for these concepts emerged, with the cloning of genes that began in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, paving the way for the wider human genome project.
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23

Cordes, Eugene H. Hallelujah Moments. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199337149.001.0001.

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Drug discovery in the pharmaceutical industry has important consequences for the health and wellbeing of people everywhere. However, the general public knows little about the paths through which basic research findings are translated into products that protect or restore human health: the route from the laboratory bench to the bedside. In Hallelujah Moments, Eugene Cordes reveals how some of the most important and influential drugs have been brought into the practice of clinical medicine through the wit and determination of scientists in academia and industry. He shares his firsthand knowledge of the drug-discovery world, having spent a long and distinguished career in both the academic and industrial settings. These tales are "adventure stories," and they trace the route of important drugs like Januvia, Primaxin, Capoten, and Zocor from concept to the clinic. Cordes shows us the dynamic and critical thinking needed to create a drug that meets important health needs. These are human stories of imagination, risk-taking, problem-solving, and perseverance. Written accessibly for a non-scientist audience, Hallelujah Moments provides insights into the fascinating world of drug discovery like never before.
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24

Yu, Shirley P., and David J. Hunter. Prospects for disease modification. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199668847.003.0035.

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The tremendous individual and societal burden underpin a strong rationale for the development of disease-modifying agents for osteoarthritis. Current approaches to managing the disease remain largely palliative and focused on alleviating symptoms, specifically pain and functional limitation. The chapter considers the multitude of tissues that potentially can be targeted in this heterogeneous disease of osteoarthritis and the agents that can modify these tissues. It first focuses on molecules targeting inflammatory pathways and then breaks that down by particular tissue targeted: specifically and in particular synovium, cartilage, and bone. There is widespread demonstration of the ability to modify osteoarthritis in preclinical models; however, this has not been translated to the human disease to the satisfaction of regulatory bodies at this point in time. There are a number of products currently in testing that demonstrate great promise although there remain considerable challenges to the demonstration of disease modification.
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25

McEnery, Tony. Corpus Linguistics. Edited by Ruslan Mitkov. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199276349.013.0024.

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Corpus data have emerged as the raw data/benchmark for several NLP applications. Corpus is described as a large body of linguistic evidence composed of attested language use. It may be contrasted against sentences constructed from metalinguist reflection upon language use, rather than as a result of communication in context. Corpus can be both spoken and written. It can be categorized as follows: monolingual, representing one language; comparable, using multiple monolingual corpora to create a comparative framework; parallel corpora, wherein, corpus of one language is considered, and the data obtained, is translated in other languages. The choice of corpus depends on the research question/the chosen application. Adding linguistic information can enhance a corpus. Analysts, human or mechanical, or a combination achieves annotation. The modern computerized corpus has been in vogue only since the 1940s. Ever since, the volume of corpus banks have risen steadily and assumed an increasingly multilingual nature.
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26

Prescott, Anne Lake. Du Bellay and Shakespeare’s Sonnets. Edited by Jonathan Post. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199607747.013.0003.

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Shakespeare’s Sonnets relate intriguingly to Joachim Du Bellay’s Antiquitez, probably through Spenser’s Ruines of Rome as well as to Du Bellay’s La vieille courtisanne (translated by Gervase Markham) and his ‘J’ai oublié l’art de petrarquizer’. Drawn to the discourse of ruination, as witness also passages in his Lucrece, Shakespeare would have found in Du Bellay’s poetry a vocabulary with which to lament the depredations of time, images of the human body as a vulnerable city, the ambiguities of anti-Petrarchan satire that exploits the same vocabulary it renounces, and the paradoxes of a nothing, a zero, that is also an all, a globe or Globe. That a ruined abbey makes a mystifyingly anachronistic offstage appearance in Titus Andronicus is also a reminder of the two writers’ shared interest in a city whose collapse both created tragedy and cleared room for later writers and nationhoods.
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27

Brett, Annabel. Sources in the Scholastic Legacy. Edited by Samantha Besson and Jean d’Aspremont. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198745365.003.0003.

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This chapter observes that the ‘sources of international law’ is a complicated concept for later scholastic authors. This is because they have no doctrine of ‘sources’ and because the phrase ius gentium, as they employ it, is not appropriately translated by ‘international law’. When they write about the ius gentium, they are engaged in an exercise of hermeneutic reconstruction of a law that has already been legislated, a reconstruction that is also a legitimation of their own position in the present. They draw their materials from scholastic authorities, from natural law, and from human practice and history. The possibility of abrogation, however, puts pressure on even their most innovative thinking about the ius gentium. This shows yet again how difficult they find it to conceptualize making international law in the present, and thus to conceive of sources of international law in anything like the modern sense.
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28

Klingsporn, Lisa, Merete Peetz, and Christiane Wilke, eds. Otto Kirchheimer - Gesammelte Schriften. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783845290003.

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All of Otto Kirchheimer’s (1905–1965) important works which conduct a historical and comparative analysis of political justice and change to the rule of law are collated in this the fourth of the six-volume edition of his collected works. It contains a revised new edition of his major work ‘Politische Justiz: Verwendung juristischer Verfahrensmöglichkeiten zu politischen Zwecken’ (Political Justice: The Use of Legal Procedures for Political Purposes), translated by Arkadij R. L. Gurland. The volume also contains various thematically relevant essays, as well as reviews and journalistic contributions. In addition, it includes a transcript of Kirchheimer’s appearance before a committee of the US House of Representatives on the human rights situation in the GDR, which until now has been difficult to access. The volume begins with a detailed depiction of the history of ‘Politische Justiz’ and its background in terms of Kirchheimer’s works. This book will appeal all those interested in political science, law, contemporary history, criminology and sociology.
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29

Payne, Roberta. Translation and Ethics in Psychiatry. Edited by John Z. Sadler, K. W. M. Fulford, and Cornelius Werendly van Staden. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198732365.013.8.

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In this article, the author reflects on the importance of translation and ethics in psychiatry based on his personal experience as a patient suffering from paranoid schizophrenia, alcoholism, and cancer. He talks about his sessions with psychiatrists he has met—what he terms their “human translating.” More specifically, he emphasizes the translation activities between patients and psychiatrists that matter to him, mainly because they are not only fraught with ethical dangers but also present an opportunity for both patient and psychiatrist to excel. The author recalls his exchange with a psychiatrist and how they translated each other’s words very well, and how their session illustrates many ethical qualities for which the doctor should be proud. Finally, he lists the qualities that he deems important and useful and accessible today as they were in 1990, including respect for the patient’s intellect and pace of thinking, appreciation for the patient’s pain, and absence of intellectual competition with the patient.
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30

Storrie, Stefan, ed. Berkeley's Three Dialogues. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198755685.001.0001.

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Published in 1713 when Berkeley was twenty-nine years old, the Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous was the last of a trio of works, the others being the New Theory of Vision (1709) and the Principles of Human Knowledge, Part I (1710), that cemented Berkeley’s position as one of the truly great philosophers of the western canon. The dialogues were Berkeley’s most influential philosophical work in the eighteenth century, going through five editions compared to the Principles’ two. It was also, unlike the Principles, translated into French (1750) and German (1756, 1781) and therefore instrumental for spreading Berkeley’s philosophical views on the continent. The Three Dialogues is a dramatization of Berkeley’s philosophy in which the two protagonists, Hylas and Philonous, debate the full range of Berkeleyan themes: the rejection of material substance, the nature of perception and reality, the limits of human knowledge, and his approach to the perceived threats of scepticism, atheism, and immorality. This book is a collection of twelve essays on Berkeley’s Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous. The first eight papers have been arranged to broadly follow the general structure of the dialogues; the last four papers consider the work in its broader philosophical context.
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31

Tolstoy, Leo. The Death of Ivan Ilyich and Other Stories. Edited by Andrew Kahn. Translated by Nicolas Pasternak Slater. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199669882.001.0001.

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‘No one pitied him as he would have liked to be pitied.’ As Ivan Ilyich lies dying he begins to re-evaluate his life, searching for meaning that will make sense of his sufferings. In ‘The Death of Ivan Ilyich’ and the other works in this volume, Tolstoy conjures characters who, tested to the limit, reveal glorious and unexpected reserves of courage or baseness of a near inhuman kind. Two vivid parables and ‘The Forged Coupon’, a tale of criminality, explore class relations after the emancipation of the serfs in 1861 and the connection between an ethical life and worldly issues. In ‘Master and Workman’ Tolstoy creates one of his most gripping dramas about human relationships put to the test in an extreme situation. ‘The Death of Ivan Ilyich’ is an existential masterpiece, a biting satire that recounts with extraordinary power the final illness and death of a bourgeois lawyer. In his Introduction Andrew Kahn explores Tolstoy's moral concerns and the stylistic features of these late stories, sensitively translated by Nicolas Pasternak Slater.
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32

Numan, Michael. The Parental Brain. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190848675.001.0001.

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The Parental Brain: Mechanisms, Development, and Evolution takes a three-pronged approach to the parental brain. The first part of the book deals with neural mechanisms. Subcortical circuits are crucially involved in parental behavior, and, for most mammals, the physiological events of pregnancy and parturition prime these circuits so that they become responsive to infant stimuli, allowing for the onset of maternal behavior at parturition. However, since paternal behavior and alloparental behavior occur in some mammalian species, alternate mechanisms are shown to exist that regulate the access of infant stimuli to these circuits. In humans, cortical circuits interact with subcortical circuits so that parental feeling states (emotions) and cognitions can be translated into parental behavior. The section on development emphasizes the experiential basis of the intergenerational continuity of normal and abnormal maternal behavior in animals and humans: The way a mother treats her infant affects the development of the infant’s brain and subsequent maternal behavior. Genetic factors, including epigenetic processes and gene by environment (G × E) interactions, are also involved. The chapter on evolution presents evidence that the parental brain most likely provided the foundation or template for other strong prosocial bonds. In particular, cortical and subcortical parental brain circuits have probably been utilized by natural selection to promote the evolution of the hyper-cooperation and hyper-prosociality that exist in human social groups. A unique aspect of this book is its integration of animal and human research to create a complete understanding of the parental brain.
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33

Nepstad, Sharon Erickson. Catholic Social Activism. NYU Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479885480.001.0001.

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Catholic Social Activism asks a number of questions regarding Catholic faith and politics: How have American laypeople responded to contentious political moments, including times of war, severe economic trouble, human rights abuses, environmental degradation, and encounters with refugees fleeing these problems? How have they interpreted official church documents and translated them into progressive action for immigrant rights and women’s rights? And how have their movements influenced religious leaders and Catholic Social Teachings? Drawing upon in-depth interviews with activists, archival documents, and secondary resources, the book captures the lived religious experiences of progressive American Catholic activists. It explores how their faith has led them to innovative and sometimes controversial engagement in various movements, including the Catholic Worker, the United Farm Workers, peace movements, Catholic feminism, the Central America solidarity movement, the Sanctuary movement, and the environmental movement. The book argues that these activists have shaped the landscape of American Catholicism and pressured the Catholic hierarchy from below, often prompting them to take a stand and articulate the theological bases for social justice. In compelling prose, the book uncovers the progressive and sometimes radical history of American Catholics, whose stories have for too long remained on the margins of public awareness.
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34

Gary, Westfahl, ed. Science fiction quotations: From the inner mind to the outer limits. Yale University Press, 2005.

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35

Carlen, Joe. A Brief History of Entrepreneurship. Columbia University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/columbia/9780231173049.001.0001.

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A Brief History of Entrepreneurship charts how the pursuit of profit by private individuals has been a prime mover in revolutionizing civilization. Entrepreneurs often butt up against processes, technologies, social conventions, and even laws. So they circumvent, innovate, and violate to obtain what they want. This creative destruction has brought about overland and overseas trade, colonization, and a host of revolutionary technologies—from caffeinated beverages to the personal computer—that have transformed society. Consulting rich archival sources, including some that have never before been translated, Carlen maps the course of human history through nine episodes when entrepreneurship reshaped our world. Highlighting the most colorful characters of each era, he discusses Mesopotamian merchants’ creation of the urban market economy; Phoenician merchant-sailors intercontinental trade, which came to connect Africa, Asia, and Europe; Chinese tea traders’ invention of paper money; the colonization of the Americas; and the current “flattening” of the world’s economic playing field. Yet the pursuit of profit hasn’t always moved us forward. From slavery to organized crime, Carlen explores how entrepreneurship can sometimes work at the expense of others. He also discusses the new entrepreneurs who, through the nascent space tourism industry, are leading humanity to a multiplanetary future. By exploring all sides of this legacy, Carlen brings much-needed detail to the role of entrepreneurship in revolutionizing civilization.
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36

Two Hippocratic Treatises on Sight and on Anatomy: Edited and Translated With Introduction and Commentary (Studies in Ancient Medicine). Brill, 2006.

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37

Kennedy, J. Gerald, and Scott Peeples, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Edgar Allan Poe. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190641870.001.0001.

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No American author of the early 19th century enjoys a larger international audience than Edgar Allan Poe. Widely translated, read, and studied, he occupies an iconic place in global culture. Such acclaim would have gratified Poe, who deliberately wrote for “the world at large” and mocked the provincialism of strictly nationalistic themes. Partly for this reason, early literary historians cast Poe as an outsider, regarding his dark fantasies as extraneous to American life and experience. Only in the 20th century did Poe finally gain a prominent place in the national canon. Changing critical approaches have deepened our understanding of Poe’s complexity and revealed an author who defies easy classification. New models of interpretation have excited fresh debates about his essential genius, his subversive imagination, his cultural insight, and his ultimate impact, urging an expansive reconsideration of his literary achievement. Edited by leading experts J. Gerald Kennedy and Scott Peeples, this volume presents a sweeping reexamination of Poe’s work. Forty-five distinguished scholars address Poe’s troubled life and checkered career as a “magazinist,” his poetry and prose, and his reviews, essays, opinions, and marginalia. The chapters provide fresh insights into Poe’s lasting impact on subsequent literature, music, art, comics, and film and illuminate his radical conception of the universe, science, and the human mind. Wide-ranging and thought-provoking, this Handbook reveals a thoroughly modern Poe, whose timeless fables of peril and loss will continue to attract new generations of readers and scholars.
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38

Brown, Samuel Morris. Joseph Smith's Translation. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190054236.001.0001.

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Among many remarkable claims, Mormon founder Joseph Smith reported that he had translated ancient scriptures. He dictated the Book of Mormon, an American Bible from metal plates associated with Native antiquity; directly rewrote the King James Bible; and produced a scripture, derived from Egyptian funerary papyri, that he called the Book of Abraham. Smith and his followers used the term “translation” to describe the genesis of these English texts, which remain canonical for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Most commenters see these scriptures as merely linguistic objects; the central and controversial question has been whether Smith’s English texts are literal translations of extant source documents. On closer inspection, though, his translations are far more metaphysical than linguistic. These translations express a nonordinary power of language to connect people across barriers of space and time. Within these metaphysical scriptures, Smith expounded a theology of human deification that he also termed “translation.” This one word thus referred to a scripture capable of mediating between the living and the dead and to the transformation of humans into divine beings. Joseph Smith’s projects of metaphysical translation place Mormonism at a productive edge of tense transitions later associated with secular modernity, a modernity challenged by the very existence of the Latter-day Saints. Smith’s translations and the theology that supported them illuminate the power and vulnerability of his critique of American culture in transition as they set the stage for two more centuries of cultural change.
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39

Petit, Véronique, Kaveri Qureshi, Yves Charbit, and Philip Kreager, eds. The Anthropological Demography of Health. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198862437.001.0001.

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This book provides an integrative framework for the anthropological demography of health, a field of interdisciplinary population research grounded in ethnography and in critical examination of the social, political, and economic histories that have shaped relations between peoples. The field has grown from the 1990s, extending to a remarkable range of key human and policy issues, including: genetic disorders; nutrition; mental health; infant, child and maternal morbidity; malaria; HIV/AIDS; disability and chronic diseases; new reproductive technologies; and population ageing. Collaboration with social, medical, and demographic historians enables these issues to be situated in the evolution of institutional structures and inequalities that shape health and care access. Understanding fertility levels and trends has widened beyond parity and contraception to the many life course risks and alternative healing systems that shape reproductive health. By going beyond conventional demographic and epidemiological methods, and idealised macro/micro-level units, the anthropological demography of health places people’s health-seeking behaviour in a compositional demography based on ethnographic observation of group formation and change over time, and of variance between what people say and do. It tracks family and community networks; class, linguistic, and religious groups; sectoral labour and market distributions; health and healing specialisms; and relations between these bodies and with groups controlling local and national governments. The approach enables examination of how local cultures and experience are translated formally into measures on which survey and clinical programmes rely, thus testing the empirical adequacy of such translations, and leading to revision of concepts of risk and governance.
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40

Bélair-Gagnon, Valérie, and Nikki Usher, eds. Journalism Research That Matters. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197538470.001.0001.

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Despite the looming crisis in journalism, a research–practice gap plagues the news industry. This volume seeks to change the research–practice gap, with timely scholarly research on the most pressing problems facing the news industry today, translated for a non-specialist audience. Contributions from academics and journalists are brought together in order to push a conversation about how to do the kind of journalism research that matters, meaning research that changes journalism for the better for the public and helps make journalism more financially sustainable. The book covers important concerns such as the financial survival of quality news and information, how news audiences consume (or don’t consume) journalism, and how issues such as race, inequality, and diversity must be addressed by journalists and researchers alike. The book addresses needed interventions in policy research and provides a guide to understanding buzzwords like “news literacy,” “data literacy,” and “data scraping” that are more complicated than they might initially seem. Practitioners provide suggestions for working together with scholars—from focusing on product and human-centered design to understanding the different priorities that media professionals and scholars can have, even when approaching collaborative projects. This book provides valuable insights for media professionals and scholars about news business models, audience research, misinformation, diversity and inclusivity, and news philanthropy. It offers journalists a guide on what they need to know, and a call to action for what kind of research journalism scholars can do to best help the news industry reckon with disruption.
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