Journal articles: 'Humanness'

1

Oppenheimer, Max. "Criticism and Humanness." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 114, no. 3 (May 1999): 390–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/463378.

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Nanoglou, Stratos. "Qualities of Humanness." Journal of Material Culture 13, no. 3 (November 2008): 311–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359183508095498.

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Miron, Anca M., Susan H. McFadden, Nathan J. Hermus, Jennifer Buelow, Amanda S. Nazario, and Katarena Seelman. "Contact and perspective taking improve humanness standards and perceptions of humanness of older adults and people with dementia: a cross-sectional survey study." International Psychogeriatrics 29, no. 10 (June 15, 2017): 1701–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610217000989.

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ABSTRACTBackground:No empirical work has systematically explored perceptions of humanness of people with dementia and of older adults and the variables that could improve these perceptions. We thus investigated the role of contact and perspective taking in improving perceptions of humanness of these social groups. To do so, we developed a new concept, humanness standards, defined as the amount of evidence of ability impairment needed to conclude that elderly people and those with dementia have lost personhood.Methods:We used a cross-sectional survey design (n = 619) to assess participants’ humanness standards and perceptions of uniquely human characteristics and human nature characteristics of two social groups (people with dementia and older adults). Half the participants (n = 311) completed a survey about people with dementia and half (n = 308) assessed older adults.Results:People with dementia were perceived as possessing humanness characteristics to a lesser extent than were older adults. For both groups, contact predicted enhanced perceptions of humanness characteristics. Participants’ degree of contact with individuals with dementia also predicted humanness standards, but only under low perspective-taking conditions. As predicted, for older adults, participants set the highest humanness impairment thresholds in the high contact/high perspective-taking condition.Conclusions:We conclude that while social programs that bring persons with dementia and other individuals in contact could change humanness standards and perceptions of humanness characteristics of people with dementia, in the case of elderly adults, the contact must be supplemented by variables that facilitate taking the perspective of the person.

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Söderlund, Magnus, and Eeva-Liisa Oikarinen. "Service encounters with virtual agents: an examination of perceived humanness as a source of customer satisfaction." European Journal of Marketing 55, no. 13 (May 6, 2021): 94–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-09-2019-0748.

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Purpose Firms have begun to introduce virtual agents (VAs) in service encounters, both in online and offline environments. Such VAs typically resemble human frontline employees in several ways (e.g. the VAs may have a gender and a name), which indicates the presence of an assumption by VA designers – and by firms that employ them – that VA humanness is a positively charged characteristic. This study aims to address this assumption by examining antecedents to perceived humanness in terms of attribution of agency, emotionality and morality, and the impact of perceived humanness on customer satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire was distributed online to participants who had been interacting with existing VAs, and they were asked to focus on one of them for this study. The questionnaire comprised measures of antecedents to perceived humanness of VAs, perceived humanness per se and customer satisfaction. A structural equation modeling approach was used to assess associations between the variables. Findings Attributions of agency, emotionality and morality to VAs contributed positively to the perceived humanness of the VAs, and perceived humanness was positively associated with customer satisfaction. Research limitations/implications Additional humanness capabilities should be explored in further research. Practical implications Firms using VAs in service encounters should make attempts to maximize perceived VA humanness, and this study shows that it may be beneficial if such attempts comprise signals that VAs have agency, emotionality and morality. Originality/value By examining VAs in terms of a set of fundamental human capabilities, the present study contributes to existing research on human–VA service encounters, which to date has focused on more superficial VA characteristics (such as if the VA has a face and gender).

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Auzoult, Laurent. "Can Meaning at Work Guard Against the Consequences of Objectification?" Psychological Reports 123, no. 3 (February 2, 2019): 872–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033294119826891.

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Objectification at work reflects instrumentality and denial of humanness in work relationships. These relationships have deleterious consequences for workplace health. One of the consequences of this type of relationship is self-objectification in which the self is perceived as a non-person or as an object. This phenomenon leads to perceiving oneself without mental states (i.e., dementalization) or as an instrument (i.e., instrumentalization) and as a nonperson (i.e., loss of humanness). However, few studies have considered how to reduce these consequences. In this study, we examine the protective role of meaning at work against the consequences of objectification. A total of 153 employees answered an online questionnaire which measured objectification, meaning of work, mentalization, and instrumentality/humanness. The results highlight an impact of objectification on instrumentality and humanness but not on mentalization as in previous studies. There is also a moderation effect of the meaning of work on the relationship between objectification and humanness. These results lead us to consider instrumentality, humanness, and dementalization as separate constructs accounting for self-objectification.

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Bain, Paul, Jeroen Vaes, Yoshihisa Kashima, Nick Haslam, and Yanjun Guan. "Folk Conceptions of Humanness." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 43, no. 1 (August 26, 2011): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022111419029.

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Greitemeyer, Tobias, and Neil McLatchie. "Denying Humanness to Others." Psychological Science 22, no. 5 (March 21, 2011): 659–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797611403320.

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Sedley, David L. "Criticism and Humanness — Reply." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 114, no. 3 (May 1999): 391–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900155464.

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9

Haslam, Nick. "Morality, Mind, and Humanness." Psychological Inquiry 23, no. 2 (April 2012): 172–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1047840x.2012.655236.

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Gömer, Rüdiger. "The Decline of Humanness." Philosophy and History 18, no. 2 (1985): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philhist198518272.

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Boom, Ilona H., and Bartjan W. Pennink. "The Relationship between Humanness and Knowledge Sharing in Malaysia Empirical Evidence from Malaysian Managers." Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business 14, no. 2 (May 1, 2012): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/gamaijb.5443.

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This paper explores whether there is a relationship between humanness and the willingness to share knowledge in Malaysia. Furthermore, the differences between the Malay, Chinese and Indian ethnicities are researched for the presence of humanness and the willingness to share knowledge. Two hundred and fourteen respondents from privately owned companies participated in this research showing that there is a strong relationship between humanness and knowledge sharing. However, the differences between the three ethnicities are small, which is a surprising finding. It can be concluded that people-oriented managers (one of the ways to express humanness) are more willing to share knowledge, and differences between ethnicities have no influence in this matter. From these results, it can be recommended to managers and organizations in Malaysia that they pay more attention and be aware of their management style.Stressing the humanness aspects more as they are described could improve the knowledge transfer within companies.

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Prati, Francesca, Silvia Moscatelli, Paul A. M. Van Lange, Niels J. Van Doesum, and Monica Rubini. "The Central Role of Morality in Perceived Humanness and Unselfish Behaviors." Social Psychology 49, no. 6 (November 2018): 330–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000352.

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Abstract. There is ample evidence for the central role of morality in social judgments. However, research has not examined whether perceived morality of others also drives perceived humanness, nor has it extensively considered its behavioral consequences. These issues were addressed across two studies. Study 1 revealed that information about a target person’s morality increased his/her perceived humanness, which in turn explained positive behavioral intentions toward him/her. Study 2 pointed out that information about a target person’s morality increased unselfish behaviors toward him/her. This effect was explained by perceived humanness of the target. Implications of the relationship between morality, perceived humanness, and unselfish behaviors are discussed.

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13

Bain, Paul, Joonha Park, Christopher Kwok, and Nick Haslam. "Attributing Human Uniqueness and Human Nature to Cultural Groups: Distinct Forms of Subtle Dehumanization." Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 12, no. 6 (October 21, 2009): 789–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1368430209340415.

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Research on subtle dehumanization has focused on the attribution of human uniqueness to groups (infrahumanization), but has not examined another sense of humanness, human nature. Additionally, research has not extended far beyond Western cultures to examine the universality of these forms of dehumanization. Hence, the attribution of both forms of humanness was examined in three cross-cultural studies. Anglo-Australian and ethnic Chinese attributed values and traits (Study 1, N = 200) and emotions (Study 2, N = 151) to Australian and Chinese groups, and rated these characteristics on human uniqueness and human nature. Both studies found evidence of complementary attributions of humanness for Australians, who denied Chinese human nature but attributed them with greater human uniqueness. Chinese denied Australians human uniqueness, but their attributions of human nature varied for traits, values, and emotions. Study 3 ( N = 54) demonstrated similar forms of dehumanization using an implicit method. These results and their implications for dehumanization and prejudice suggest the need to broaden investigation and theory to encompass both forms of humanness, and examine the attribution of both lesser and greater humanness to outgroups.

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Arnocky, Steven, Valentina Proietti, Erika L. Ruddick, Taylor-Rae Côté, Triana L. Ortiz, Gordon Hodson, and Justin M. Carré. "Aggression Toward Sexualized Women Is Mediated by Decreased Perceptions of Humanness." Psychological Science 30, no. 5 (March 28, 2019): 748–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797619836106.

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Researchers have argued that the regulation of female sexuality is a major catalyst for women’s intrasexual aggression. The present research examined whether women behave more aggressively toward a sexualized woman and whether this is explained by lower ratings of the target’s humanness. Results showed that women rated another woman lower on uniquely human personality traits when she was dressed in a sexualized (vs. conventional) manner. Lower humanness ratings subsequently predicted increased aggression toward her in a behavioral measure of aggression. This effect was moderated by trait intrasexual competitiveness; lower humanness ratings translated into more aggression, but only for women scoring relatively high on intrasexual competition. Follow-up studies revealed that the effect of sexualized appearance on perceived humanness was not due to the atypicality of the clothing in a university setting. The current project reveals a novel psychological mechanism through which interacting with a sexualized woman promotes aggressive behavior toward her.

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Querejeta-Azurmendi, Iñigo, Panagiotis Papadopoulos, Matteo Varvello, Antonio Nappa, Jiexin Zhang, and Benjamin Livshits. "ZKSENSE: A Friction-less Privacy-Preserving Human Attestation Mechanism for Mobile Devices." Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2021, no. 4 (July 23, 2021): 6–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/popets-2021-0058.

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Abstract Recent studies show that 20.4% of the internet traffic originates from automated agents. To identify and block such ill-intentioned traffic, mechanisms that verify the humanness of the user are widely deployed, with CAPTCHAs being the most popular. Traditional CAPTCHAs require extra user effort (e.g., solving mathematical puzzles), which can severely downgrade the end-user’s experience, especially on mobile, and provide sporadic humanness verification of questionable accuracy. More recent solutions like Google’s reCAPTCHA v3, leverage user data, thus raising significant privacy concerns. To address these issues, we present zkSENSE: the first zero-knowledge proof-based humanness attestation system for mobile devices. zkSENSE moves the human attestation to the edge: onto the user’s very own device, where humanness of the user is assessed in a privacy-preserving and seamless manner. zkSENSE achieves this by classifying motion sensor outputs of the mobile device, based on a model trained by using both publicly available sensor data and data collected from a small group of volunteers. To ensure the integrity of the process, the classification result is enclosed in a zero-knowledge proof of humanness that can be safely shared with a remote server. We implement zkSENSE as an Android service to demonstrate its effectiveness and practicality. In our evaluation, we show that zkSENSE successfully verifies the humanness of a user across a variety of attacking scenarios and demonstrate 92% accuracy. On a two years old Samsung S9, zkSENSE’s attestation takes around 3 seconds (when visual CAPTCHAs need 9.8 seconds) and consumes a negligible amount of battery.

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16

Fiut, Aleksander. "Czesław Milosz's Search for "Humanness"." Slavic and East European Journal 31, no. 1 (1987): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/307014.

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17

Barrett, John C. "The material constitution of humanness." Archaeological Dialogues 21, no. 1 (May 16, 2014): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203814000105.

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AbstractThis contribution responds to recent calls to establish a ‘symmetrical archaeology’ that will assign agency both to humans and to things. My case is that living and non-living things should be distinguished, and for archaeology to be particularly concerned with the ways different qualities ofhumannesshave been constituted in the symbiotic relationships betweenHomo sapiensand other living and non-living things.

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Anderson, W. French. "Genetic Engineering and Our Humanness." Human Gene Therapy 5, no. 6 (June 1994): 755–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/hum.1994.5.6-755.

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Malik, Mohammad. "Infrahumanization and Mental Travel: Effects of Temporal Orientation on Perceived Humanness." Journal of Interpersonal Relations, Intergroup Relations and Identity 10 (2017): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.33921/wbga2099.

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According to the self-centric future hypothesis, mental simulations of future events, future-oriented mental time-travel may incorporate mental representations of the self. This experiment tests the self-centric future hypothesis in the context of infrahumanization. Mental simulations with current self-knowledge are constructed when people think of the future, which may influence the level of humanness they would attribute to strangers. It was predicted that participants in a future-oriented mindset, given their self-centric mental representation of the future, would be less likely than participants in a past-oriented mindset to infrahumanize strangers. There was not a significant direct effect of temporal focus on perceived humanness found. Effects of temporal focus on level of rated humanness were moderated by valence of emotional experiences attributed to others, such that the hypothesis was supported for negatively valenced emotional experiences only. Perceived humanness ratings were significantly higher in the future-oriented than in the past-oriented condition for negatively valenced indicators.

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Testé, Benoit. "Control Beliefs and Dehumanization." Swiss Journal of Psychology 76, no. 2 (March 2017): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185/a000194.

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Abstract. The present research examined the impact of the expression of internal versus external control beliefs on attributions of humanness. Building on previous findings on the cultural norm of internality and the dehumanization of others in social perceptions, we hypothesized that, in a Western society, an individual’s expression of an internal locus of control (i.e., internality) results in a greater degree of humanization of that individual by others than an individual’s expression of an external locus of control (i.e., externality). Two studies examined the effect of a target’s expression of internality (vs. externality) on the attribution or denial of humanness to that target. We measured the targets’ degree of humanization via the mentalization of each target, assessed using the Mind Attribution Scale, and via attributions of uniquely vs. nonuniquely human characteristics (emotions in Study 1, traits in Study 2). Participants also judged the target’s likability. In line with our hypothesis, the target’s expression of internality (compared to externality) consistently resulted in the participants making stronger attributions of humanness to the target. In addition, covariance analyses showed that the participants ascribed more humanness to targets with an internal than with an external locus of control, independent of the target’s likability.

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Haslam, Nick, Stephen Loughnan, Yoshihisa Kashima, and Paul Bain. "Attributing and denying humanness to others." European Review of Social Psychology 19, no. 1 (June 2, 2008): 55–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10463280801981645.

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Alpert, Judith L. "Loss of Humanness: The Ultimate Trauma." American Journal of Psychoanalysis 72, no. 2 (May 23, 2012): 118–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/ajp.2012.8.

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Hasker, William. "Humanness as the Mirror of God." Philosophia Christi 1, no. 1 (1999): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/pc1999116.

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Frankowsky, Maximilian, and Dan Ke. "Humanness and Classifiers in Mandarin Chinese." Language and Cognitive Science 2, no. 1 (2016): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17923/lcs201601003.

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Holt-Woehl, Hollie M. "Creation and a Theology of Humanness." Journal of Religion, Disability & Health 16, no. 2 (April 2012): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15228967.2012.673084.

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Thullier, Philippe, Oliver Huish, Thibaut Pelat, and Andrew C. R. Martin. "The Humanness of Macaque Antibody Sequences." Journal of Molecular Biology 396, no. 5 (March 2010): 1439–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2009.12.041.

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Beyers, Eefke. "Towards a Formulation of a Philosophical Base for Education in South Africa." South African Journal of Psychology 26, no. 3 (September 1996): 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/008124639602600309.

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The reconstruction of educational practice in South Africa, should have as an aim the accommodation of local realities. It is argued that this can be achieved when educational practice is inspired by a specific idea of what it means to be fully human. A definition is given of what is meant by the term ‘humanness’ in the following terms: Full humanness exists where a person achieves agency. Agency can be conceptualized in terms of the three phenomena — autonomy, reflexivity and mutuality, the latter being the situational condition for the existence of the former. Autonomy and reflexivity develop on two conditions: (1) where the intersubjective experiences of a person are open and take place in a spirit of mutuality and through talk; and (2) where the moral order which regulates the intersubjectivity, protects both autonomy and reflexivity. In turn, the moral order should also be protected by the intersubjective context. Two paradoxical positions are therefore emphasized: humanness as an expression of agency and the moral order which supports the agency. Further thoughts are given on how this idea of full humanness differs from what has up to now dominated the educational scene, also on why it should lead to its improvement.

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Hertz, Nicholas, and Eva Wiese. "Influence of Agent Type and Task Ambiguity on Conformity in Social Decision Making." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 60, no. 1 (September 2016): 313–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601071.

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Previous research has demonstrated reliable effects of social pressure on conformity and social decision-making in human-human interaction. The current study investigates whether non-human agents are also capable of inducing similar social pressure effects; in particular, we examined whether the degree of physical human-likeness of an agent (i.e., appearance) modulates conformity and whether potential effects of agent type on conformity are modulated further by task ambiguity. To answer these questions, participants performed a line judgment task together with agents of different degrees of humanness (human, robot, computer) in either a high or low ambiguity version of the task. We expected an increase in conformity rates for agents with increasing levels of physical humanness, as well as for increasing levels of task ambiguity. Results showed low-level conformity with all agents, with a significant difference in conformity between the high and low ambiguity version of the task (i.e., stronger compliance for the high versus the low task); the degree of humanness, however, did not have an influence on conformity rates (neither alone or in combination with task type). The results suggest that when performing a task together with others, participants always conform to some degree with the social interaction partner independent of its level of humanness; the level of conformity, however, depends on task ambiguity with stronger compliance across agents for more ambiguous tasks.

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Moreland, J. P. "Humanness, Personhood, and the Right to Die." Faith and Philosophy 12, no. 1 (1995): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/faithphil199512126.

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Bardolph, Jacqueline. "Animals and Humanness in Nuruddin Farah’s Secrets." Anglophonia/Caliban 7, no. 1 (2000): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/calib.2000.1396.

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Gao, Sean H., Kexin Huang, Hua Tu, and Adam S. Adler. "Monoclonal antibody humanness score and its applications." BMC Biotechnology 13, no. 1 (2013): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6750-13-55.

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Dumas, G., Q. Moreau, E. Tognoli, and J. A. S. Kelso. "The Human Dynamic Clamp Reveals the Fronto-Parietal Network Linking Real-Time Social Coordination and Cognition." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 5 (December 20, 2019): 3271–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhz308.

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Abstract How does the brain allow us to interact with others? Social neuroscience has already provided some answers to these questions but has tended to treat high-level, cognitive interpretations of social behavior separately from the sensorimotor mechanisms upon which they rely. The goal here is to identify the underlying neural processes and mechanisms linking sensorimotor coordination and intention attribution. We combine the human dynamic clamp, a novel paradigm for studyingrealistic social behavior, with high-resolution electroencephalography. The collection of humanness and intention attribution reports, kinematics, and neural data affords an opportunity to relate brain activity to the ongoing social behavior. Behavioral results demonstrate that sensorimotor coordination influences the judgments of cooperativeness and humanness. Analysis of brain dynamics reveals two distinct networks related to the integration of visuo-motor information from self and other which overlap over the right parietal region. Furthermore, judgment of humanness and cooperation of others modulate the functional connectivity between this right parietal hub and the prefrontal cortex. These results reveal how distributed neural dynamics integrates information from “low-level” sensorimotor mechanisms and “high-level” social cognition to support the realistic social behaviors that play out in real time during interactive scenarios.

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Lankton, Nancy, D. Harrison McKnight, and John Tripp. "Technology, Humanness, and Trust: Rethinking Trust in Technology." Journal of the Association for Information Systems 16, no. 10 (October 2015): 880–918. http://dx.doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00411.

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Lévêque, Yohana, Antoine Giovanni, and Daniele Schön. "Effects of humanness and gender in voice processing." Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology 37, no. 4 (May 15, 2012): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439.2012.687763.

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Kwok, Cathy, Jessica R. Grisham, and Melissa M. Norberg. "Object attachment: Humanness increases sentimental and instrumental values." Journal of Behavioral Addictions 7, no. 4 (December 2018): 1132–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/2006.7.2018.98.

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Timpano, Kiara R., and Ashley M. Shaw. "Conferring humanness: The role of anthropomorphism in hoarding." Personality and Individual Differences 54, no. 3 (February 2013): 383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2012.10.007.

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Finlay, Graeme. "THE AMAZING PLACENTA: EVOLUTION AND LIFELINE TO HUMANNESS." Zygon® 55, no. 2 (June 2020): 306–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zygo.12590.

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McLoughlin, Niamh, Steven P. Tipper, and Harriet Over. "Young children perceive less humanness in outgroup faces." Developmental Science 21, no. 2 (February 21, 2017): e12539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/desc.12539.

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Schuelka, Matthew J. "A faith in humanness: disability, religion and development." Disability & Society 28, no. 4 (June 2013): 500–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2012.717880.

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Abhinandan, K. R., and Andrew C. R. Martin. "Analyzing the “Degree of Humanness” of Antibody Sequences." Journal of Molecular Biology 369, no. 3 (June 2007): 852–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2007.02.100.

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Hagman, George. "Empathy: Expanding the Capacity for Humanness and Freedom." Psychoanalytic Review 108, no. 2 (June 2021): 155–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/prev.2021.108.2.155.

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This paper elaborates on the implications of Heinz Kohut's radical revision of the concepts of introspection and empathy for psychoanalytic practice and therapeutics. I focus on three of Kohut's papers: “Introspection, Empathy, and Psychoanalysis,” published in 1959, and its follow-up, “On Empathy”, and “Introspection, Empathy, and the Semi-Circle of Mental Health,” both published in 1981. Specifically, I address the importance of the analysand's introspective capacity as an active element in the therapeutic process augmented by the empathy of the analyst in the form of understanding and interpretation. Analysands enter psychoanalysis because they are aware that they cannot solve the problems with which they suffer or access the selfobject milieu that would help them. Through analysis patients' capacity for introspection and action is broadened and deepened, allowing them to understand and deal creatively with their problems, particularly their inability to fulfill the potential of their self.

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Porra, Jaana, Mary Lacity, and Michael S. Parks. "“Can Computer Based Human-Likeness Endanger Humanness?” – A Philosophical and Ethical Perspective on Digital Assistants Expressing Feelings They Can’t Have”." Information Systems Frontiers 22, no. 3 (December 9, 2019): 533–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10796-019-09969-z.

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AbstractDigital assistants engage with us with increasingly human-like conversations, including the expression of human emotions with such utterances as “I am sorry…”, “I hope you enjoy…”, “I am grateful…”, or “I regret that…”. By 2021, digital assistants will outnumber humans. No one seems to stop to ask if creating more digital companions that appear increasingly human is really beneficial to the future of our species. In this essay, we pose the question: “How human should computer-based human-likeness appear?” We rely on the philosophy of humanness and the theory of speech acts to consider the long-term consequences of living with digital creatures that express human-like feelings. We argue that feelings are the very substance of our humanness and therefore are best reserved for human interaction.

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Mouw, Richard J. "Of pagan festivals and meta-narratives: Recovering the awareness of our shared humanness." Scottish Journal of Theology 70, no. 3 (August 2017): 251–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0036930617000278.

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AbstractThe notion of human commonness was a key interest of the nineteenth-century theologian-statesman Abraham Kuyper. As an orthodox Calvinist, Kuyper accepted the division of humankind into the categories of ‘elect’ and ‘non-elect’, but he was also convinced that this way of classifying human beings failed to account for the positive contributions of non-Christians. As a political leader, Kuyper was also concerned to enlist his fellow Calvinists in the quest for justice in the larger society and specifically focused on the ways in which Christian worship can nurture a sense of shared humanness that extends beyond the walls of the church. In our contemporary setting, where our loss of an emphasis on a shared humanness is becoming widespread, Kuyper's effort to ground human solidarity in the practices of worship has much to commend it.

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Baechler, Raffaela. "Humanness in the 3rd Person Singular Personal Pronoun in Alemannic Dialects." Journal of Germanic Linguistics 30, no. 4 (December 2018): 307–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1470542717000150.

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This paper surveys the emergence of the categoryhumannessin the 3rd person singular personal pronoun in Alemannic (southwest German) dialects. The first part shows that some Alemannic dialects have developed a human/nonhuman distinction in the 3rd person singular neuter personal pronoun: a marked form encoding the human direct object has emerged. The emergence of this form can be explained by the differential object marking hypothesis. The second part reports on a pilot study of the 3rd person singular personal pronoun in Sense Alemannic on the basis of new data. In this dialect, humanness is distinguished not only in the neuter but also in the masculine and feminine. Additionally, some instances are observed that violate the differential object marking principle. Thus, both principles (humanness marking and the differential object marking) form part of the grammar, but the latter one may be violated.*

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McBrearty, Sally. "Advances in the Study of the Origin of Humanness." Journal of Anthropological Research 69, no. 1 (March 2013): 7–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3998/jar.0521004.0069.102.

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Mikołajczak, Małgorzata, and Michał Bilewicz. "Foetus or child? Abortion discourse and attributions of humanness." British Journal of Social Psychology 54, no. 3 (November 24, 2014): 500–518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12096.

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Ronald Shaw, Ian Graham, and Majed Akhter. "The Unbearable Humanness of Drone Warfare in FATA, Pakistan." Antipode 44, no. 4 (September 21, 2011): 1490–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8330.2011.00940.x.

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Culbertson, Leon. "Sartre on Human Nature: Humanness, Transhumanism and Performance-Enhancement." Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 5, no. 3 (August 2011): 231–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17511321.2011.602574.

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Kuntjoro, Antonius Puspo. "Toward More Stories About the Humanness of the Victims." Journal of Human Rights and Social Work 5, no. 1 (November 22, 2019): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41134-019-00108-x.

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Battle-Fisher, M. "Transhuman, posthuman and complex humanness in the 21st century." Ethics, Medicine and Public Health 13 (April 2020): 100400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemep.2019.07.001.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Humanness'

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