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1
Yu, Shiu-nung. "Upholding the sacred teachings : action and ideas against the reform movement in Hunan, 1897-1898 /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20735248.
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Yu, Shiu-nung, and 余劭農. "Upholding the sacred teachings." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31952549.
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Dai, Lizhu. "A new pattern of extended metropolitan regions (EMRs) in China: case study of the Changzhutan (CZT) EMR." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2013. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/230.
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Almost 30 years has passed since the concept of EMR first appeared. It is well acknowledged that globalization has been one of the major driving forces in the less-developed countries (LDCs) including China. The 2008 Global "Financial Tsunami" has recently ushered in a new economic dynamic in China, i.e. it has forced the Chinese government to take domestic demand as an important national development strategy and this will change its global economic relations as well as lead to changes in its domestic spatial dynamics. In that regard, new EMRs in Inland China, e.g. the Changzhutan (CZT) EMR in Hunan province, the Wuhan EMR in Hubei province, and the Zhongyuan EMR in Henan province, have been designated by the central government to support the domestic demand. Apart from the Coastal EMRs, i.e. the Pearl River Delta (PRD) EMR, this new phenomenon has also extended EMRs to Inland China. Would EMRs formed in Inland China share the same characteristics, mechanisms and spatial structure as those in the coastal areas? How will the new global economy, the demand for development of a low carbon economy and the domestic market impact on the growth of the interior EMRs in China? What can we learn from this new EMR experience in China, theoretically and practically for future policies and planning? Using provincial demographic data by municipality and county in 1990-2010 and supplemented by field surveys, we have tested our hypotheses after a literature review on the development of urban regions in the LDCs. Using the CZT as a case, temporal analyses based on municipal level demographic, economic and land-use data have been conducted to verify the hypothetical driving forces. Through the method of Fixed-effects (FE) model, it brings understanding on a possible new urbanization trend in China, which would likely be embedded in local forces against the nation's new development strategy of emphasizing domestic demand in the ii context of the country's transition towards a major global economy. Through the GIS mapping based county-level data of the CZT, spatial analyses are then conducted to examine the spatial structure of these EMRs in Inland China that are hypothesized as driven by the combination of domestic and global forces. The results have revealed that interior EMRs show a similar pattern to traditional Coastal EMRs in spatial pattern development, i.e. the co-existence of regional concentration of growth dynamics with the intra-EMR dispersion tendency of economic activities from its core to its peripheral "rural areas", although the nature of these forces might be different. For instance, its industrial activities that play a significant role in region-based concentration have shown a tendency toward "low-carbon" in line with the EMRs designation as the Experimental Zone of the "Two-oriented" (resource conserving and environmental-friendly)1 Society. Institutional perspectives have also been used to test the planning and management formation mechanisms of the EMR. It is found that the government role has been very significant and proactive in the formation of this region. Finally, a delimitation method is introduced to delimit the CZT into three rings to further demonstrate the spatial characteristics of region-based urbanization and its dynamics from domestic and global forces regulated by the government.
4
Tse, Lai-hing. "From bureaucrats to managers : the human dimension of market transition in Shenzhen, China /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13706299.
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Yan, Hao. "Fertility change and the impact of family planning in Shaanxi Province, China." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/117177.
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This study analyzes the fertility change in Shaanxi
Province, China and estimates the impact of family planning
programs on fertility decline during the 1972-1984. Data
used come from the 1985 Regional In-Depth Fertility Survey,
supplemented by service statistics of family planning.
Fertility change in Shaanxi is analyzed in terms of
children ever born to married women, parity progression
ratio, age— specific fertility rates, age— specific marital
fertility rates and total fertility rates, as well as
cohort-period fertility rates. The results confirm a
substantial fertility decline in the study areas,
particularly among women aged 30 and over and during the 9
years prior to the 1985 survey. This study reveals very high
levels of knowledge (5.2 methods per women) and use
(currently 69 percent) of contraceptives, suggesting that
contraceptive practice plays a key role in reducing
fertility among married women in Shaanxi. Of all methods
used, 92.6 percent are provided by family planning programs,
mainly the more efficient methods, the IUD and
sterilization. The study also finds that under strong family
planning programs, contraceptive use among married women is
irrespective of educational level,
Three evaluative methods have been employed to assess
the program impact on fertility decline: standardization
approach, component projection approach II, and the
prevalence model. It is estimated that, of all births
averted during the period 1972-1984, three-quarters had been
averted by women aged 25 — 39 at the time of the survey, and
about 80 percent had been averted by using the IUD and
sterilization.
6
Yang, Quanhe. "Fertility and family planning in Huaibei plain, Anhui province, China 1982." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/117034.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis falls naturally into two parts . The first part is
concerned with the level and trend of fertility in Huaibei Plain,
Anhui province , China since 1950 and the second with the examination
of some determinants of fertility decline . It makes use of data from
the 1/1000 Survey of China which was conducted by the Family Planning
Commission in 1982. The data used in this thesis are for one area in
Anhui province , China , namely Huaibei Plain. In the first part , fertility transition in Huaibei Plain is examined . It is found that the greatest decline in marital fertility occurred among women aged 35+ under the influence of the family planning program. In the second part , some determinants of fertility decline are examined. Fertility decline among younger women (under age 30) is largely due to later age at marriage . Consequently , the nuptiality pattern of Huaibei Plain has changed from an early and universal marriage to a later and universal marriage pattern.
Examination of current use of contraception suggests that the family
planning program, in particular , the one - child policy (1979) , has been
the major determinant in fertility decline. Fertility decline among
older women (35+) is primarily due to contraceptive practice . The
influence of the one-child policy is so strong that it has almost
eliminated the differentials in contraceptive use by education and
occupation under certain circumstances ; for example , for women who are
under age 45 and have more than two children.
7
Sheng, Xiaowu [Verfasser]. "Functional characterization of cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells / Xiaowu Sheng." Köln : Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Medizin, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1030210845/34.
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8
Ramponi, Roberta. "Xiaoxiao: Proposta di traduzione di un racconto di Shen Congwen." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/8188/.
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La tesi ha come oggetto la traduzione del racconto 萧萧 ‘Xiaoxiao’, scritto da Shen Congwen nel 1929. La vicenda, che appare di per sé singolare per il matrimonio combinato tra una bambina di tredici anni e un bambino ancora infante, si rivela il ritratto di una società in cambiamento e del il confronto - contrasto di tradizione e modernità che interessa l’intera Cina nel ventesimo secolo.
L’antagonismo nei confronti del confucianesimo, che con la sua dottrina aveva governato per secoli ogni aspetto del vivere comune, si esprime attraverso l’auspicato ritorno al modo di vivere e ai valori dei popoli primitivi che abitano i territori di frontiera, come lo Hunan Occidentale, patria dell’autore, nonché luogo dove si svolge la narrazione. La traduzione del racconto, correlata di commento che ne esplicita le principali scelte traduttive, viene inserita nel suo contesto socio-culturale e integrata con le nozioni essenziali sulla vita e sulla poetica di Shen Congwen, considerato uno degli autori più influenti del suo tempo.
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Lora-Wainwright, Anna. "Perceptions of health, illness and healing in a Sichuan village, China." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b00f24dc-3f7b-4ea3-a524-3f3b717b6c6f.
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This thesis explores attitudes to the body, illness and healing in contemporary rural China through the prism of Pierre Bourdieu's notion of habitus. It is divided in two parts. Part 1 aims to situate attitudes to the body in the specific social, cultural and political economic settings which have engendered them. I show that bodily dispositions articulate ways of engaging with one's surroundings and claims to authority and status. Past experiences equip different generations with different habitus (Bourdieu, 1977; 1990). At the same time, habitus is revised in light of engagements with new environments. As such, this section shows that habitus is made through daily practices, and that attitudes to the body are contingent and contested. Hierarchies with regard to what constitutes a desirable body or a healthy diet are not stable but always disputed. Negotiations surrounding them are informative of wider social processes and serve to reproduce or challenge social relations and values. Part 2 examines bodily practices at times of illness through the case of oesophagus cancer, an illness prevalent in the area, and with specific reference to one case and brief comparisons to others (including some discussion of stomach cancer). This section aims to show that family relationships are produced and contested through various practices of care, and that such relations engender particular bodily attitudes. These practices are not enactments of an already given reality or relationship, but rather vital to producing them. Closer attention to practices during illness are therefore important for understanding how illness is experienced by all involved, but also how it intersects with family relations, attitudes to resources, strategies to secure them and invest them, and perceptions of the state and welfare provision. It shows that a study of social change and reproduction is central to understanding cancer. Conversely, practices surrounding cancer, such as decisions not to undergo surgery, also present ways in which social reproduction and change take place. Employing habitus allows a closer grasp of the intricate processes through which family relations are formed, why families opt for particular forms of treatment and how the effectiveness of therapy is produced.
10
Li, Fang, and 李芳. "An analysis of 25,000 cases from a hospital in Guangdong birth defect monitoring network during 2000 to 2005." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39724487.
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Ying, Meng. "The archaeological investigation of human sacrifice at Xibeigang in Anyang during the late Shang dynasty." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/16127.
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The Late Shang dynasty is well-known for its intensive practice of human sacrifice. Headless skeletons and bodiless skulls have been found by archaeologists working at Xibeigang in Anyang, once a royal cemetery in the Late Shang dynasty. Based on the contexts in which they were found, these remains have come to be seen as a result of human sacrifice. While human sacrifice has been a topic of the Late Shang study for many decades, it lacks a thorough study rooted in archaeological materials. Therefore, the characteristics of human sacrifice in the Late Shang remain unclear and the function of human sacrifice has not been thoroughly examined against the archaeological record.
In this thesis, I present a systematic qualitative and quantitative analysis of published data of sacrificial human remains at Xibeigang. I analyze the characteristics of human sacrifice at Xibeigang (i.e. physical conditions, gender and age profiles, burial postures and spatial and temporal patenting). Based on these observations, I examine the function of human sacrifice especially within the broad ritual development happening in Anyang during the Late Shang. By doing so, I suggest that Shang rulers were increasingly being honored by human sacrifice which, in earlier times, was dedicated to certain deities. It was under this process that human sacrifice became a powerful instrument for Shang rulers to legitimize their political power and transform their status – in effort becoming divine kings.
12
Fowler, Vernon Keith. "An analysis of the uses of the various forms of the human figure in the Shang script." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29103.
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The present thesis is a study of the design of the script of the Shang dynasty oracle bones of China. These are the earliest known examples of the Chinese script, and may be dated roughly to 1200-1051 B.C. The creators of the Shang script basically had two
approaches to the representation of words: one was to represent the word indirectly, via the concept (i.e. draw the concept or refer to it graphically in some way), and the other was to represent the word directly (i.e. its phonetic shape-this was only possible after the first approach had been used, thus providing a source of graphs that could be used for their sound). In one type of graph, the so-called xingsheng or xi6sheng. both approaches are combined. In this thesis, I am primarily concerned with the type of graph in which either the whole graph or some part of it is designed with reference to the concept. In order to set reasonable bounds on the topic, I limit myself to an examination of graphs containing human figure elements. There are three basic human figure elements in the Shang script: [See thesis for symbols], and a small number of variations. The question I address in this thesis is: What determines their distribution? At first glance they appear simply to indicate different postures: a standing figure seen from the side, a standing figure seen from the front, and a kneeling figure seen from the side. One can readily understand why there should be a standing figure and a kneeling figure, but why should there be two standing figures seen from different angles? Taking as my corpus all the graphs in Shima Kunio's Inkyo bokuji sorui containing the above mentioned human figure elements (approximately 850 graphs, or about one seventh of the total number of bone graphs distinguished to date), I systematically investigated all of them, in order to determine the relationship between the human figure elements in them and the concepts that they represent. I then sorted out about 200 of those graphs for which I felt I had been able to arrive at a correct analysis. Finally, I compared the factors determining the usage of the human figure elements in each graph to see if any consistency could be detected. I then categorized these uses, and sorted the graphs into these various categories. The body of the thesis is structured according to these various categories. The conclusions of the thesis are:
1. The element [See thesis for symbol], although as an independent graph is the modern character da , did not signify 'big,' but was chiefly used instead of [See thesis for symbol] when the concept was felt
to be most easily or most naturally depicted from the front, i.e. where the involvement of both arms and/or both legs was felt to be particularly important to expressing the concept.
2. The [See thesis for symbol] element was used in graphs to do with (a) kneeling; (b) actions typically performed in a kneeling position; (c) concepts in which kneeling could be used as a sign of inferiority, yielding, submission, subjection, etc.
3 [See thesis for symbols], the commonest form of the human figure, could be used in any graph denoting any concept that was felt to have anything to do with human beings, and restrictions on its usage were determined by whether the other two elements were felt to be more appropriate.Arts, Faculty of
Asian Studies, Department of
Graduate
13
Mukherjee, Sapna Shukla [Verfasser], Rainer [Gutachter] Heintzmann, and Jer-Shing [Gutachter] Hunag. "Novel applications of nanogratings for high resolution microscopy / Sapna Shukla Mukherjee ; Gutachter: Rainer Heintzmann, Jer-Shing Hunag." Jena : Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1177595753/34.
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Wong, Yee-Shing. "The responses of Chinese Christians to Mencius' hsing-shang-lun (the theory of the goodness of human nature) /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1991. http://www.tren.com.
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Shao, Dingding. "Human risk assessment based on mercury contamination in food and environmental martrix at two regions in Guangdong and Zhejiang Provinces." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2011. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1269.
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Shen, Ying [Verfasser]. "Analysis of optical properties of paracrystalline ultrastructures in human oocytes by PolScope microscopy correlated to embryo quality and viability / vorgelegt von Ying Shen." Giessen : VVB Laufersweiler, 2007. http://d-nb.info/988724464/34.
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Cheng, Sheng [Verfasser], Jochen [Akademischer Betreuer] Neuhaus, Jens-Uwe [Gutachter] Stolzenburg, and Andreas [Gutachter] Reichenbach. "ATP induced intracellular calcium response and purinergic signalling in cultured suburothelial myofibroblasts of the human bladder : ATP induced intracellular calcium response and purinergic signalling in cultured suburothelial myofibroblasts of thehuman bladder / Sheng Cheng ; Gutachter: Jens-Uwe Stolzenburg, Andreas Reichenbach ; Betreuer: Jochen Neuhaus." Leipzig : Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1238076939/34.
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Cheng, Xiaoke. "Shang shi gong si ying yu zhi liang fen xi yu ping jia yan jiu ji yu Zhongguo zi ben shi chang huan jing de yan jiu gou jia yu jing yan zheng ju /." Dalian Shi : Dongbei cai jing da xue chu ban she, 2006.
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19
"隱形的禁令: 從長沙、益陽地區的花鼓戲現狀看文化政策下的湖南花鼓戲." 2009. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5896557.
Full textAbstract:
李環."2009年9月".
"2009 nian 9 yue".
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 125-136).
Abstracts in Chinese and English.
Li Huan.
Chapter 第一章 --- 導論 --- p.1
Chapter 第一節 --- 研究對象簡介 --- p.1
Chapter 第二節 --- 研究動機、範圍及局限 --- p.8
Chapter 第三節 --- 文獻回顧、研究方法 --- p.11
Chapter 第四節 --- 理論探討以及章節安排 --- p.16
Chapter 第五節 --- 實地考察 --- p.17
Chapter 第二章 --- 新中國初期的湖南花鼓戲 --- p.22
Chapter 第一節 --- 湖南花鼓戲的解禁 --- p.22
Chapter 第二節 --- 民間劇團與國有劇團的聯繫 --- p.29
小結 --- p.36
Chapter 第三章 --- “省花路子´ح：當代國有劇團的花鼓戲改革 --- p.38
Chapter 第一節 --- 學校教育的傳承方式 --- p.38
Chapter 第二節 --- 文化事業單位 --- p.41
Chapter 第三節 --- 改革中的花鼓戲 --- p.50
Chapter 第四節 --- 現代戲的尷尬 --- p.60
小結 --- p.72
Chapter 第四章 --- “老腔老調´ح：當代民間花鼓戲劇團 --- p.75
Chapter 第一節 --- 師徒相承的傳承方式 --- p.75
Chapter 第二節 --- 表演形式與表演劇目 --- p.78
Chapter 第三節 --- 經營方式 --- p.81
Chapter 第四節 --- “老腔老調´ح --- p.86
Chapter 第五節 --- 大眾媒體與民間花鼓戲 --- p.93
小結 --- p.100
Chapter 第五章 --- 文化政策與花鼓戲發展 --- p.104
Chapter 第一節 --- “專業´ح與“業餘´ح --- p.104
Chapter 第二節 --- “禁´ح與“扶持´ح --- p.111
Chapter 第六章 --- 結論 --- p.115
參考文獻 --- p.126
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"延續的邊緣: 從宋到清的湘西." Thesis, 2007. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b6074394.
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謝曉輝.論文(哲學博士)--香港中文大學, 2007.
參考文獻(p. 242-252).
Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Abstracts in Chinese and English.
Lun wen (zhe xue bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2007.
Can kao wen xian (p. 242-252).
Xie Xiaohui.
21
"尋求庇佑: 宋至清末湘中梅山地區的社會演變." 2012. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5549369.
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湘中梅山地區至今存在巫師、神明與祖先疊合祭祀的現象。地方上的各個村莊或院落普遍祭拜「家主」的木雕神像，這些「家主」的姓名、木雕的形式、傳說的故事各異，但就整個梅山地區而言，「家主」又有著共通的特點--他們都身兼巫師、神明與祖先。這跟粤西亦神亦祖、珠江三角洲及莆田地區神明與祖先明顯分開祭祀的現象很不一樣。我們該怎樣從歷史的角度來解讀梅山的「家主」祭祀傳統？本文冀通過史料的分析、科儀的解讀、地方文獻材料的耙梳以及田野調查的運用，探討不同的禮儀傳統如何形塑當地的「文化傳統」與「生活空間」。唐宋時期，佛教在梅山地區上有很大的影響力。北宋政府「開梅山」時，需要借助佛教的影響力使政權順利進入地方社會。「梅山」一詞不僅作為地理標籤，更成為山地人群與鬼神信仰的泛稱。元明時期，土地的開發提供了法術展演的場地，道教閭山派與本土的祭祀傳統融合，深刻地影響地方祭祀。元末明初，王朝國家在梅山地區建立社會秩序的辦法，是通過承認地方豪強勢力的合法性，換取他們支持政府的管治。然此一作法及其影響隨著明中葉政府加強稅收而有所改變。明清時期，世家大族往往以寺庵守墓護山，這傳統一直延續到清末。在此同時，城隍信仰作為王朝國家的象徵，最遲在明中葉進入地方社會，這套祭祀傳統的推廣有賴正一派道教的傳播。以理學為核心的王朝禮儀開始在地方社會推行，主要依靠一群有科舉功名的士紳，但士紳的影響相當有限。清初，修建祠堂開始成為社會風尚，建祠以「妥先靈」成了祭祖的另一種辦法。縱上所述，在湘中梅山民間宗教組織的發展中，各種宗教禮儀的傳統在不同時期進入鄉村社會，鄉土的鬼神信仰有機結合，形成本地的社會規範。在這個過程中，宗教成為各集團爭奪正統的戰場，宗教禮儀與信仰也隨之演變。
筆者以為要瞭解形塑地方社會的過程，便不能忽略地方社會整合進入國家的時間，因為國家在不同時期所倡導的意識形態，對於社會整合後所呈現的圖景有重要的影響。同時，我們也不能忽略地方本土固有的傳統，以及聚落環境的制約，禮儀變革與社會重組過程，其發展脈絡在不同的社會生態環境中往往會有所差異。要言之，無論是國家的制度或者是正統的意識形態，都必須跟原有的社會文化傳統、本土的鬼神信仰相結合，才能產生影響，在此一過程中，各種宗教集團與儀式專家有著關鍵而主導的作用。
Being attracted by the special phenomenon that family gods [Jiazhu] are worshiped widely in the local society, during my visits to the Central Region [Xiangzhong] of Hunan, I became interested in how that phenomenon was formed in a historical context. Jiazhu is treated as a member of the same clan with the highest spiritual power, showing its close identification with shamans and territorial gods. This pattern is very different when compared with the merging of ancestor with deity in Hainan and Leizhou, and the separation of ancestor and deity in the Pearl River Delta and the Putian Plain. This thesis thus focuses on how the pattern had evolved. Drawing on a variety of sources, including official documents, local materials, and Taoist ritual texts and so on, it studies the relation between religious practices and social changes that shaped the local “cultural traditions and “living space.
The history of the Central Hunan from the Song to the late Qing can be expressed as a story of the encroachment on territory vis-a-vis competitions among natives, newcomers, Buddhist monks, and Daoist ritual masters. In Tang-Song period, Buddhism had great influence on the local society. During the Northern Song dynasty, the Meishan region, then the frontier of Han China, was forcibly “opened by the imperial government with the assistance of Buddhist monks. Meishan was hereafter not only as a geographical label but also generally identified with the indigenous people and local spirits. In the early Ming period, newcomers used “spiritual power [Fashu] which co-worked with Lüshan Daoist traditions to sanctify their landownership. Applying Fashu became a predominant approach to open up primitive land. This is a significant period when the Meishan tradition and the Lüshan Daoist traditions mixed together. In local belief, both Jazhu and Dizhu were deities of the highest spiritual power. Dizhu was one who opened up primitive land. From the Late Yuan to the early Ming period, the dynasty established the social order by recognizing the interests of the local chiefs. This situation changed when the local government reformed the taxation system in the mid-Ming.
This thesis shows the dynamics of ritual representation of local society from the Song to late Qing period. During the Ming-Qing period, powerful hereditary families used Buddist monasteries to protect ancestral graveyards and the hill cemeteries. This tradition continued to the late-Qing. In addition, the City God, a symbol of the imperial government, was incorporated into the belief system of local society with the spread of the Orthodox Oneness Sect[Zhengyi sect]. The highly educated gentries began to promote state rituals in the locality for reconstructing their own traditions, with limited success. During the mid-Qing, building ancestral halls became a popular trend of housing the ancestral spirits.
This thesis argues that in understanding the shaping of the local society, one should not miss the timing of it being incorporated into the state, since the ideologies sanctioned by the state had a considerable and persistent impact on the integrated society. On the other hand, the persistence of the local and indigenous should not be underplayed. Ritual transformation and social restructuring vary with different social and ecological environments. State institutions and orthodox ideologies cannot work successfully unless they combine with indigenous traditions and deity systems. In such process, various religious groups and ritual masters played a leading role.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
呂永昇.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 231-246).
Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Abstracts in Chinese and English.
Lü Yongsheng.
Chapter 第一章 --- 緒論 --- p.1
Chapter 第一節 --- 南中國的移民、宗族、宗教與社區 --- p.1
Chapter 第二節 --- 亦巫亦神亦祖：湘中梅山地區的歷史地理與社會形態 --- p.19
Chapter 第三節 --- 論文架構、研究材料與方法 --- p.23
Chapter 第一部份 --- 進入地方社會的禮儀傳統 --- p.28
Chapter 第二章 --- 傳說與歷史 --- p.29
Chapter 第一節 --- 官與道士：晉文斤成道的傳說 --- p.29
Chapter 第二節 --- 密印寺與唐溈山僧 --- p.32
Chapter 第三節 --- 「梅山十峒獠」及宋初資江流域所奠定的格局 --- p.36
小結 --- p.40
Chapter 第三章 --- 北宋僧侶與資江流域的開發 --- p.42
Chapter 第一節 --- 僧侶與開梅山道 --- p.43
Chapter 第二節 --- 湘中格局的重整與族類的劃分 --- p.55
Chapter 第三節 --- 宋王朝的教化與「梅山」風俗 --- p.60
p.70
Chapter 第四章 --- 國家禮制、移民與戶籍：明代的梅山社會 --- p.72
Chapter 第一節 --- 元末明初土酋的勢力 --- p.73
Chapter 第二節 --- 明代行政、祭祀系統的建立與理學的推行 --- p.87
Chapter 第三節 --- 祖先的故事：譜牒中的移民記憶 --- p.102
小結 --- p.120
Chapter 第二部份 --- 禮儀疊合的地方社會 --- p.122
Chapter 第五章 --- 譜系的內外：清以降的社會建構 --- p.123
Chapter 第一節 --- 冷水江巖口鎮的族群與聚落 --- p.123
Chapter 第二節 --- 「家主」、「地主」與「廟王」的祭祀活動 --- p.135
Chapter 第三節 --- 蘇氏「家主」、「地主」及族人的分衍與定居 --- p.146
Chapter 第四節 --- 尊宗敬祖：從香火堂到祠堂 --- p.166
小結 --- p.176
Chapter 第六章 --- 禮儀的疊合：宋至清末湘中梅山地區宗教形態的演變 --- p.177
Chapter 第一節 --- 瑤人傳說中的祖源地：「梅山」 --- p.177
Chapter 第二節 --- 法術的開發：明代祖先拓殖的傳說 --- p.187
Chapter 第三節 --- 明清佛教與地方家族 --- p.199
Chapter 第四節 --- 王朝的體制與神靈體系的建構 --- p.204
小結 --- p.215
Chapter 第七章 --- 總論：法術的庇佑 --- p.216
附錄 --- p.222
徵引史料及參考書目 --- p.231
22
"全球化與中國電視的政治經濟分析: 湖南電視個案研究." 2006. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5896493.
Full textAbstract:
崔瑋."2006年9月"
論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2006.
參考文獻(leaves 132-141).
"2006 nian 9 yue"
Abstracts in Chinese and English.
Cui Wei.
Can kao wen xian (leaves 132-141).
Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2006.
Chapter 第一章 --- 導言
湖南電視爲硏究個案：變革中的中國省級電視 --- p.2
結構槪述 --- p.5
Chapter 第二章 --- 文獻回顧與理論綜述
Chapter 第一節： --- 文化全球化的議題 --- p.7
Chapter 第二節： --- 中國傳媒商業化與傳媒改革 --- p.20
Chapter 第三節： --- 相關理論參考 --- p.26
Chapter 第三章 --- 硏究問題與硏究方法
Chapter 一： --- 硏究問題和硏究範疇 --- p.34
Chapter 二： --- 硏究意義 --- p.36
Chapter 三： --- 硏究方法 --- p.38
Chapter 第四章 --- 中國電視政治經濟格局與湖南電視
Chapter 一： --- 政治經濟改革中的中國省級電視：從宣傳工具到文化產業 --- p.41
Chapter 二： --- 中國電視市場的體制結構與央視的壟斷 --- p.45
Chapter 三： --- 湖南電視的體制與生產經營結構 --- p.49
Chapter 第五章 --- 硏究發現：政治經濟矛盾變遷中的湖南電視改革
第一階段：拔河期 --- p.56
第二階段：市場爲主導的“保護色´ح期 --- p.61
本章小結 --- p.81
Chapter 第六章 --- 硏究發現：文化全球化下的本土化創新
Chapter 一： --- 本土化創新發生的環境以及政經條件 --- p.84
Chapter 二： --- 全球文化對本土電視節目的影響 --- p.87
Chapter 三： --- 本土化創新的過程和模式 --- p.94
Chapter 四： --- 本土化創新循環的模型 --- p.100
Chapter 五： --- “本土化´ح後的市場 --- p.102
本章小結 --- p.113
Chapter 第七章 --- 硏究解讀：文化全球化與湖南電視
Chapter 一： --- “麥當勞´ح文化與傳媒政治經濟關係 --- p.114
Chapter 二： --- 文化全球化提升黨辦電視商業化 --- p.119
Chapter 三： --- 解讀變革中的組織傳媒產品的回饋與互動 --- p.122
Chapter 第八章 --- 總結和討論
硏究總結 --- p.125
討論 --- p.128
參考文章和書目
英文 --- p.133
中文 --- p.139
附錄
附錄一：湖南廣電大事時間脈絡表 --- p.143
附錄二 ：深度訪談人員名錄 --- p.144
附錄三：湖南衛視參考資料 --- p.146
附錄四：《超級女聲》參考資料 --- p.148
23
Moore, Michelle L. (Michelle Lyn). "Effects of selenium supplementation on plasma and milk of lactating women of habitually low selenium status." Thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/26556.
Full textAbstract:
Twenty-one women, lifelong residents of Xichang County, Sichuan
Province, China, an area of very low soil selenium (Se), received tablets
containing either 100 μg Se daily as Se-enriched yeast (+Se) or no additional Se
(-Se), throughout the last trimester of pregnancy and the first three months of
lactation. Diet was analyzed using diet recalls and proximate analysis of mixed
diet samples. Milk and plasma samples were analyzed for Se content,
glutathione peroxidase activity, and fatty acid profile and plasma alone was
analyzed for vitamin E content and lipid peroxidation. At parturition and three
months after delivery, milk and plasma Se levels and plasma GPx activities were
significantly higher in the +Se women than the -Se women. Milk GPx activity did
not change significantly with supplementation. Plasma vitamin E was not
different between the treatment groups at either time. Plasma lipid peroxidation
levels (TBARS) were significantly higher in the supplemented women at both
time points. Fatty acid profiles at delivery and three months after delivery were similar in both plasma and milk between the two groups. The data suggest that
this level and length of supplementation, when given to pregnant women of very
low Se status, are not adequate to influence the fatty acids in milk.Graduation date: 2000
24
Wang, Yang-Yang, and 王洋洋. "The Study of Shen Cong-wen’s Novels about Western Hunan in 1937~1947." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39wb45.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立清華大學
中國文學系所
106
From 1937 to 1947, Shen Cong-wen created a series of novels based on the realistic themes of Western Hunan. In these novels, Shen Cong-wen reflected on the problems and difficulties that Western Hunan had faced in the course of modern history and made a formal innovation. The Long River takes the life story of the old sailor Manman and the young girl Yaoyao as the main line of the story, which connect the small village Turnip Creek and the Yuan River port town Lüjiaping a whole rural community life picture. Shen described the impact of "modern" things such as political revolution, civil war, modern economic form, and "the new life movement" on the rural society of Western Hunan. Based on the story of Mr. Da, Shen Cong-wen’brother Shen Yun-lu, The Chronicle of Yunlu criticizes the failed experience of China's political revolution in the past 30 years through Mr. Da's reflection of war, and points out that the way out of Chinese society cannot be solved by the war and should be solved by other abstract principles. Movement and Immobility describes the inner feelings of a wounded officer about the war and his worries about the future of the country. By means of anti-hero narrative and daily war narrative, it reveals the true nature of the war and the true situation of the wartime society. The series novel Snow Clear including The Red Nightmare, Snow Clear, Qiaoxiu and Dongsheng, The Legend is Not Strange. The four chapters is independent to each other and interconnected. In this novel, the country experience of the narrator "I" and the life stories of country girl Qiaoxiu, leads to the disputes of interests between Tian family and Man family in Gaoxian village. The novel describes different forms of life tragedy of the two generation of Gaoxian village, reveals the samsara of tragedy, and expect to love and forgiveness beyond the desire of the tragedy.
25
Kuo, Pi-Hua, and 郭碧華. ""To Make the Human Mind Better WithCompassion and Wisdom" in Thought and Practice of Master Sheng-Yen." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34290368246612066294.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺南大學
國語文學系國語文教學碩士班
102
The focus of this research is to investigate "to make the human mind better with compassion and wisdom "in thought and practice of the specific content and methods of Master Sheng-Yen. To make the human mind better can be said the entire Master Sheng-Yen's focal point of "Sheng-yen Thinking". Master Sheng-Yen hoped to make the human mind and the society better. He wanted to enhance people's quality and construct a paradise. The purpose is to purify the human mind to improve the quality of people to purify the society and make people healthy, happy and peaceful. Dharma is the law of the human mind. Dharma is wisdom and compassion, which can make all the people better. In the mind environmental practice, wisdom and compassion are indispensable, so Master Sheng-Yen's mind environmental thinking includes wisdom and compassion. In this research, first the researcher explains the backgrounds study experiences of Master Sheng-Yen, and illustrates the sources of the thinking. After Master Sheng-Yen's return from Japan, he taught the people the content of Meditation and created the Dharma Drum Mountain World Center for Buddhist Education to practice his ideals. Later he constructed the mind environmental thinking and explored the sources of the thinking "to make the human mind better with compassion and wisdom ". The researcher explains Master Sheng-Yen's ideas and methods of Meditation. Master Sheng-Yen proposed three kinds of education, four kinds of ideas of environmental protection, the mind May Fourth Movement and six kinds of virtues, which are specific content and methods. Master Sheng-Yen also hoped to promote world peace. Finally, The researcher proposes the induction of a new sense of the mind environmental thinking of "making the human mind better with compassion and wisdom "and discusses the impact of Master Sheng-Yen's new thinking.
26
Han, Cheng-Ta, and 韓政達. "Characterization and Generation of Antibodies to Human Shen-Dan and Fibulin 4." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65480952810367648858.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立陽明大學
遺傳學研究所
94
Abstract From the real-time PCR data it was shown that mRNA of human SD and its ligands HEDJ and fibulin 4, were over-expressed in the tissues of esophageal cancer patients. The mRNA of human SD and fibulin 4 also can be detected in esophageal cancer cell line. It suggests SD and its ligands HEDJ and fibulin 4 might have functions in esophageal cancer. In this project, we want to verify the expression of human SD and fibulin 4 proteins in esophageal cancer. We cloned human SD from TE-1 esophageal cancer cell line, and screen for antibodies can recognize human SD from 10 SD monoclonal antibodies that have already generated by Dr. Fann’s Lab. We found five antibodies could against human SD, and use three of them to detect human SD expression in six esophageal cancer cell lines. We also used immunoprecipitation and western blotting assay and immunohistochemistry staining to detect human SD protein expression in esophageal cancer cells. We could not detect human SD protein expression. To study fibulin 4 protein expression in esophageal cancer cell lines, we raised the antisera from rabbits, and the antisera could recognize fibulin 4 fusion protein.
27
Mountz, Alison. "Embodied geographies of the nation-state : an ethnography of Canada’s response to human smuggling." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/15114.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis provides a geographical analysis of the response of the Canadian nation-state to human smuggling. I contend that nation-states must be examined in relation to transnational migration and theorized as diverse sets of embodied relationships. As a case study, I conducted an ethnography of the institutional response to the arrival of four boats carrying migrants smuggled from Fujian, China to British Columbia in 1999. I studied the daily work of border enforcement done by civil servants in the federal bureaucracy of Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC), as well as the roles played by other institutions in the response to the boats. This "ethnography of the state" led me to theorize the nation-state geographically as a network of employees that interact with a variety of institutions in order to enact immigration policy. I also interviewed employees of other institutions involved in the response to human smuggling, including provincial employees, immigration lawyers, service providers, supra-state organizations, refugee advocates, and media workers. The thesis explores cross-institutional collaboration among them and the resulting decision-making environment in which civil servants design and implement policy. Civil servants practice enforcement according to how and where they "see" human smuggling. My conceptual understanding of state practices relates to these efforts to order transnational migration. Diverse institutional actors negotiate smuggling at a variety of scales. Power relations are visible through discussions of smuggling at some scales, but obscured at others. I "jump scale" through embodiment in order to understand the micro-geographies of the response. This shift in the scale of analysis of the nation-state uncovers different relationships, interests, and negotiations in which state practices are embedded. This approach to geographies of the nation-state considers the time-space relations across which state practices take place, the everyday enactment of policy, the categorization of migrants, and the constitution of borders through governance. I argue that such an approach is key to understanding the relationship between nation-states and smuggled migrants. The findings suggest a re-spatialization of enforcement through which nation-states increasingly practice interception abroad and design stateless: spaces, and in so doing, reconstitute international borders.
28
Shen, Yanqin [Verfasser]. "Sialate O-acetylation and de-O-acetylation in human colonic mucosa / vorgelegt von Yanqin Shen." 2002. http://d-nb.info/972214194/34.
Full text
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Sun, Fan-Ju, and 孫凡茹. "The Research on Human Resource Management of the Taiwanese Enterprises in Shen-chen Economic Zone." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25769215915412884714.
Full text
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Shen, Chia-Rong, and 沈家榮. "Sculpture of Human Bodies in Stillness and Motion：The Creative Research Programs of Chia-Rong Shen." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95783165320987638764.
Full textAbstract:
碩士台南科技大學
美術研究所
98
Mankind face a complicated and diverse social environment, body become a vessel for multiple characters, the human body brings emotion, and many messages. Using the “human form” as an element to represent humanity in a modern society, through transformation, distortion and composition, brings a new perception in the form. During the working progress, attempting to investigate how different material would have its own interpretation of human form, hoping a deconstruction and combination of soft and hard line, would penetrate the spatial aesthetic of body sculpture, and purified it with streaming and simplicity. The thesis focus on works between 2007 and 2010, which their motives and ideas will be presented in words. The thesis will be divided into five chapters. The first chapter explains my background and ideas, stating the reason for employing human figure. The second chapter discusses sculpture in classical, modern and contemporary period. The third chapter will first describe the property and character of materials, secondly, the intending meaning of the materials selected. The fourth chapter will explain the concept of working progress. In ideas of works, illustrate the configuration, formation and techniques which derive from the composition of material. Works'' content will be shown through the relationships between ideas, form, medium and technique. The works are shown in four series, namely: “Plaster series: Weighty life”, “Steel series: Dancing steel”, “Steel series: Extension of line”, and “Steel series: Leaping steel”. The fifth chapter of the thesis is the conclusion, providing a comprehensive discussion on works and future project.
31
Liu, He-chou, and 劉和純. "The study of the river writings of Shen Cong Wen’s works — use the themes of Western Hunan as examples." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91378312038182127710.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺南大學
國語文學系碩士班
99
The purpose of the research is to conclude the writings about the river imagery in Shen Cong Wen’s writings about western Hunan. Rivers are always the origins of civilization. That’s why Shen used a lot of materials about rivers in his writings. The river plays an important role in people’s lives in western Hunan. Moreover, the river imagery about the view, the people, and the culture of rivers are completely and concretely conceptualized in Shen’s writings. The research is to make a systematic conclusion of them. With analyzing the writings and an on-the-spot investigation, the river imagery is getting clear in my mind. At first, the research illustrates the background of Shen’s writings about western Hunan with its location, history, Shen’s background, and the writings about western Hunan folk literature which Shen took as reference. Second, I divide all of the materials into two themes, the view and the people. For example, the views about the rivers are the painting-like landscape , different kinds of ships, busy wharves, riverside streets, rapids, and the waterpower production tools. The people are the unconstrained sailor, the prostitute who values justice above material gains, the generous manager of the wharf, the serious president of the commercial association, and the affluent grain mill host. Finally, the research has a discussion about the life style and the interaction of those who live on rivers, the economics, the festivals, the custom, the folk songs, the living habits, and the other special landscapes.
32
Shen, Yang 1953. "A high-resolution genetic map of human chromosome 16 and localization of the MEF gene / by Yang Shen." 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21439.
Full textAbstract:
Copies of author's previously published articles inserted.Includes bibliographic references.
vii, 200, [74] leaves : ill. ; 30 cm.
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
Addresses a need for more highly informative markers to be placed on high density cytogenetic-based physical and genetic linkage maps of chromosome 16.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Paediatrics, Women's and Children's Hospital, 1994
33
McDonald, Brooke Daley. "From compensation to development: involuntary resettlement in the People's Republic of China." 2006. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/3122.
Full textAbstract:
The restoration of livelihoods in the event of involuntary resettlement is commonly based on providing compensation to those who are displaced. The outcomes of these resettlements have been well documented around the world and provide a serial of recurring horror stories. For this reason, it is proposed that a new foundation for conducting involuntary resettlement is needed. Academics profess that by conducting resettlement as a development project in its own right, the performance of resettlements can be improved and the benefits will accrue to the local population. This concept is called Resettlement with Development (RwD). To this end, China was the first country to include RwD in its National policies on involuntary resettlement. However, it was not until the Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze River that the policy was translated into practice.This research is an attempt to determine whether RwD is a suitable model for livelihood restoration and improvement. In exploring the primary research aim, a year was spent in the resettlement region of the Three Gorges Dam, visiting resettlers and undertaking questionnaires, interviews and policy analysis. Two counties in Hubei province were chosen for comparison - Badong county and Zigui county. The application of RwD in these two locales was variable, with an uneven level of development intervention. The investment environment and county policy of Zigui attracted a greater degree of investment and related development than that of Badong. The capacity of these development initiatives to generate sustainable livelihood outcomes for the resettlers was central to this research.
Through questionnaires, interviews and policy analysis, this research finds that although the RwD methods are applied more intensely in Zigui they do not necessarily translate into better outcomes for the resettlers at this locale. The data suggests that: (i) there is no difference in the degree of relative poverty in Zigui and Badong; (ii) Zigui is experiencing more relative poverty than Badong; (iii) there is no difference in vulnerability and resilience; (iv) the natural resource base is comparable in both counties; and (v) Badong and Zigui are both at risk of food insecurity. However, whilst the majority of households in all sites at Badong are experiencing declining incomes, there is no significant decline in incomes at Zigui. Although employment levels have declined at both Badong and Zigui, the decline is not so severe at Zigui. Finally, infrastructure in Zigui has improved in comparison to Badong after resettlement. Hence, although the RwD initiatives have not dramatically improved the situation for resettlers in Zigui, they have lessened the impoverishment effects that are synonymous with involuntary resettlement. Moreover, further analysis suggests that the outcomes seen in the TGP resettlement are not a consequence of the inadequacy of the RwD model. Instead, the RwD model is found to be only partially applied in the TGRA. Future attempts at RwD must endeavour to apply the RwD model more completely.
34
Liu, Ren-yin, and 柳人尹. "Building a Pure Land in the Human Realm through Travel Literature--An Analysis of Master Sheng Yen''s Foguo zhi lu (A Tour to Buddha''s Land)." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99526126210895284906.
Full textAbstract:
碩士雲林科技大學
漢學資料整理研究所碩士班
98
ABSTRACT Master Sheng-yen wrote many books with the purpose of making complicated Buddhist teachings accessible to the public. Among his books, many recorded his trips overseas for different purposes including missionary work. His large amount of writings about traveling make him one of the most prolific travel literature writers in Taiwan. Journey to the Homeland of the Buddha (Foguo zhi l? 佛國之旅) records his trip to India and Nepal with his followers. This trip serves the purpose of providing an experience of witnessing the demise of Buddhism in India to motivate his followers to devote themselves in the tasks for the continuation and development of Buddhism. In this book of this fifteen-day journey, Master Sheng-yen shows us how a chan master viewed the world with gratitude and religious sensitivity. Through this literary work, the practice of “Enhancing the quality of people, building a pure land in the human realm” has been fulfilled by the followers as Master Sheng-yen’s guidance in how one should adjust one’s minds in response to different situations along the journey provides a chan-like training. In this thesis, I will analyze how Master Sheng-yen teach chan through various situations and settings by a detailed textual analysis as well as a contrast with other travel literary works with trips to India as a destination. This analysis and contrast clearly demonstrates Master Sheng-yen’s chan training in a daily life setting, especially while traveling.
35
Tseng, Yu-Ching, and 曾郁晴. "1.Use of Sheng-Hua-Tang and health-related quality of life in postpartum women: a population-based cohort study in Taiwan 2.Determination of five phthalate metabolites in human urine using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88683041624275024003.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
職業醫學與工業衛生研究所
97
1. Abstract Background: Although Sheng-Hua-Tang (comprising Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Ligustici Rhizoma, Semen Persicae, Zingiberis Rhizoma and Glycyrrhizae Radix) use during the postpartum has been popular in Chinese communities over a long period, its benefits have not been evaluated in terms of its effects on the health-related quality of life of postpartum women. Objectives: This study aims to explore the relation between different patterns of Sheng-Hua-Tang use and the health-related quality of life in postpartum women. Design: A longitudinal birth cohort follow-up study. Settings and participants: We used multistage stratified systematic sampling to recruit 24,200 pairs, postpartum women and newborns, from the Taiwan national birth register in 2005. A structured questionnaire was successfully administered to 87.8% of the sampled population. Methods: Subjects underwent a home interview 6 months after their deliveries between June 2005 and July 2006. The Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form (SF-36) was used to measure the quality of life of the women with different patterns of Sheng-Hua-Tang use. Results: Compared with those who never used after delivery, the scores of role limitations due to physical health and emotional problems significantly increased in women who used Sheng-Hua-Tang within 1 month only but decreased in those who continuously used within 1 month and later. In addition, the scores of role limitations due to physical health and emotional problems significantly increased in women who used Sheng-Hua-Tang regardless of the frequency. Conclusions: Sheng-Hua-Tang use during the first month of the postpartum period may have a positive effect on women’s health-related quality of life especially in terms of role limitations due to physical health and emotional problems. However, continuous use after the first month of the postpartum period might have a negative effect on women’s quality of life. Further studies are needed to replicate the results and elucidate the causal relations. 2. Abstract Background: Phthalates are widely used as plasticizers in industry and our daily life and their hazards of reproductive and developmental dysfunction have been concerned. Validated analytical methods to measure the concentrations of phthalate metabolites in human are essential for assessing internal exposure to phthalates. Objectives: The main objective of this study is to modify the previously high performance liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) analytical methods, further develop a speedy and sensitive analytical method to assess the five phthalate monoesters in human urine. Methods: The modified solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedure, enzymatic deconjugation technique, and isotope ultra-performance liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used to analyze five phthalate monoesters, including monomethyl phthalate (MMP), monoethyl phthalate (MEP), mono butyl phthalate (MBP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), and mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) in urine. Results: The SPE recoveries of the five phthalate monoesters ranged from 89 % to 121 %, and the sample pretreatment recoveries ranged from 79-105%. Ion enhancement effect was founded in MMP and MEP, ion suppression effect of MBP, MBzP and MEHP was 18 %, 20% and 68 %, respectively. Instrumental detection limits (IDLs) ranged from 0.36 pg to 11.8 pg and instrumental quantitation limits (IQLs) ranged from 1.19 pg to 39.3 pg, respectively. The IDL and IQL were lowest in MEHP, and highest in MMP. Conclusions: The modified sample preparation processes maintain good SPE and sample pretreatment recoveries. And we developed a rapid analytical method for determination of five phthalate metabolites using isotopic UPLC-MS/MS due to the chromatographic time was only 6.7 min per run. The limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), accuracy and precision of the method are still needed to calculate to manifest it is also a sensitive and accurate method.