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Journal articles on the topic 'Hunger/satiety related hormones'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 February 2022

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1

Geliebter, Allan, Charlotte L. Grillot, Roni Aviram-Friedman, Sakeena Haq, Eric Yahav, and Sami A. Hashim. "Effects of Oatmeal and Corn Flakes Cereal Breakfasts on Satiety, Gastric Emptying, Glucose, and Appetite-Related Hormones." Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 66, no. 2-3 (2015): 93–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000365933.

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Objective: The extent to which different types of breakfasts affect appetite and food intake is unclear. To assess the satiety effects of a high-fiber cereal, we compared oatmeal, isocaloric corn flakes, and water. Subjects/Methods: Thirty-six subjects (18 lean, 18 overweight) were assigned to three conditions in a randomized sequence on different days. Ratings of hunger and fullness were obtained concurrently with blood samples for measuring concentrations of glucose, insulin, glucagon, leptin, and acetaminophen (gastric emptying tracer). Appetite was assessed by calculating the area under th

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Hellström, Per M., Allan Geliebter, Erik Näslund, et al. "Peripheral and central signals in the control of eating in normal, obese and binge-eating human subjects." British Journal of Nutrition 92, S1 (2004): S47—S57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20041142.

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The worldwide increase in the incidence of obesity is a consequence of a positive energy balance, with energy intake exceeding expenditure. The signalling systems that underlie appetite control are complex, and the present review highlights our current understanding of key components of these systems. The pattern of eating in obesity ranges from over-eating associated with binge-eating disorder to the absence of binge-eating. The present review also examines evidence of defects in signalling that differentiate these sub-types. The signalling network underlying hunger, satiety and metabolic sta

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Handayani, Dian, Dianita Setya Pradita Putri, Hidayat Sujuti, et al. "Plasma Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 and Cholecystokinin Responses to Fast Food in Healthy-Weight and Obese Men." Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya 31, no. 1 (2020): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jkb.2020.031.01.14.

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<p>Satiety hormones play a role in obesity metabolism. The satiety response to similar nutrients in food in healthy and obese men remains undefined. The research was aimed to determine the satiety response differences by comparing the effect of isocaloric fast-food consumption on reducing appetite-related gut hormones, such as glucagon-like fullness ratings and both GLP-1 and CCK among healthy and obese men. Respondents were given an isocaloric fast food, then GLP-1 and CCK levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Visual analogue scale (VAS) form was used for

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Tacad, Debra Kirsty, Sridevi Krishnan, Eduardo Cervantes, et al. "Appetite-Related Hormones and Subjective Feelings of Hunger and Satiety in Adults Who Regularly Consume Dairy and Those Who Limit Dairy Consumption." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (2021): 456. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab038_068.

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Abstract Objectives To compare self-reported feelings of hunger and fullness with biological markers associated with appetite and satiety in men and women who are habitual dairy consumers (DC) vs limited dairy consumers (LD). We hypothesize that the DC group will have different appetite perceptions along with different concentrations of the hunger hormone, ghrelin, and the anabolic hormone, insulin, before and following a mixed meal challenge. Methods Adults from a cross-sectional study who completed the Block food frequency questionnaire were categorized as DC (n = 40, consumed &gt;2 cup-

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Wikarek, Tomasz, Jerzy Chudek, Aleksander Owczarek, and Magdalena Olszanecka-Glinianowicz. "Effect of dietary macronutrients on postprandial incretin hormone release and satiety in obese and normal-weight women." British Journal of Nutrition 111, no. 2 (2013): 236–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114513002389.

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The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of dietary macronutrients on postprandial incretin responses and satiety and hunger sensation in obese and normal-weight women. A total of eleven obese and nine normal-weight women were recruited for the assessment of plasma concentrations of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and insulin and the sensation of satiety and hunger using a visual analogue scale before and during a 6 h period after administration of three different macronutrient test meals. The AUCtotalGLP-1 and AUCtotalGIP values

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Tataridas-Pallas, Nikolaos, Maximillian A. Thompson, Alexander Howard, et al. "Neuronal SKN-1B modulates nutritional signalling pathways and mitochondrial networks to control satiety." PLOS Genetics 17, no. 3 (2021): e1009358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1009358.

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The feeling of hunger or satiety results from integration of the sensory nervous system with other physiological and metabolic cues. This regulates food intake, maintains homeostasis and prevents disease. In C. elegans, chemosensory neurons sense food and relay information to the rest of the animal via hormones to control food-related behaviour and physiology. Here we identify a new component of this system, SKN-1B which acts as a central food-responsive node, ultimately controlling satiety and metabolic homeostasis. SKN-1B, an ortholog of mammalian NF-E2 related transcription factors (Nrfs),

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Bosch, Guido, Adronie Verbrugghe, Myriam Hesta, et al. "The effects of dietary fibre type on satiety-related hormones and voluntary food intake in dogs." British Journal of Nutrition 102, no. 2 (2009): 318–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114508149194.

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Depending on type and inclusion level, dietary fibre may increase and maintain satiety and postpone the onset of hunger. This 7-week study evaluated the effect of fibre fermentability on physiological satiety-related metabolites and voluntary food intake (VFI) in dogs. Sixteen healthy adult dogs were fed a low-fermentable fibre (LFF) diet containing 8·5 % cellulose or a high-fermentable fibre (HFF) diet containing 8·5 % sugarbeet pulp and 2 % inulin. Large intestinal fibre degradation was evaluated by apparent faecal digestibility of nutrients and faecal SCFA and NH3 concentrations. Postprandi

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Dunshea, Frank R., Ewa Ostrowska, Josie M. Ferrari, and Harsharn S. Gill. "Dairy proteins and the regulation of satiety and obesity." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 9 (2007): 1051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea06263.

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Over the past decade there has been growing scientific evidence and public acceptance of the role that dietary protein plays in regulation of satiety, feed intake and obesity-related disorders. Dietary protein appears to suppress food intake and delay the return of hunger more than fats or carbohydrates in a manner not due to energy content alone. Also, high-protein diets support the maintenance of muscle mass when subjects reduce their energy intake, ensuring primarily adipose tissue loss. Some protein sources, particularly dairy, contain specific peptides or proteins that may elicit direct e

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Tischmann, Lea, Mathijs Drummen, Blandine Gatta-Cherifi, et al. "Effects of a High-Protein/Moderate-Carbohydrate Diet on Appetite, Gut Peptides, and Endocannabinoids—A Preview Study." Nutrients 11, no. 10 (2019): 2269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11102269.

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Favorable effects of a high-protein/moderate-carbohydrate (HP/MCHO) diet after weight loss on body weight management have been shown. To extend these findings, associations between perception of hunger and satiety with endocannabinoids, and with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and polypeptide YY (PYY) were assessed. At approximately 34 months after weight loss, 22 female and 16 male participants (mean age 64.5 ± 5.9 years; body mass index (BMI) 28.9 ± 3.9 kg/m2) completed a 48 h respiration chamber study. Participants were fed in energy balance with a HP/MCHO diet with 25%:45%:30% or a moderat

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Benlloch, María, María Mar López-Rodríguez, María Cuerda-Ballester, et al. "Satiating Effect of a Ketogenic Diet and Its Impact on Muscle Improvement and Oxidation State in Multiple Sclerosis Patients." Nutrients 11, no. 5 (2019): 1156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11051156.

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Background: It was previously established that Multiple sclerosis (MS) generates energy alterations at the mitochondrial level related to the loss of muscle mass. Ketone bodies, mainly beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), re-establish this energy alteration causing satiety, changes in body composition and a decrease in hormone-dependant hunger, such as ghrelin. The aim of this study was to establish possible improvements in body composition and the level of oxidation in patients with MS, by means of the satiating effect of a ketogenic diet. Methods: A pilot study was carried out with 27 MS patients who

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Zhu, Yong, Walter H. Hsu, and James H. Hollis. "Increasing the number of masticatory cycles is associated with reduced appetite and altered postprandial plasma concentrations of gut hormones, insulin and glucose." British Journal of Nutrition 110, no. 2 (2012): 384–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114512005053.

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To determine the influence of masticatory efficiency on postprandial satiety and glycaemic response, twenty-one healthy males were recruited for this randomised cross-over trial. The participants consumed a fixed amount of pizza provided in equal-sized portions by chewing each portion either fifteen or forty times before swallowing. Subjective appetite was measured by appetite questionnaires at regular intervals for 3 h after the meal and plasma samples were collected for the measurement of selected satiety-related hormones, glucose, insulin and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) c

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Bacha, Fida, and Silva A. Arslanian. "Ghrelin and Peptide YY in Youth: Are There Race-Related Differences?" Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 91, no. 8 (2006): 3117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2005-2448.

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Abstract Objective: Obesity prevalence is higher in African-American (AA) vs. American white (AW) youth. Ghrelin is a “hunger” peptide that is high preprandially and decreases postprandially, and peptide YY (PYY) is a “satiety” hormone increasing after meals. Impaired regulation of ghrelin/PYY may be conducive to obesity. We hypothesized that racial differences in childhood obesity could partly be explained by differences in ghrelin/PYY dynamics. Research Design and Methods: We investigated: 1) ghrelin suppression/PYY elevation in response to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in AA vs. AW,

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Erdamar, Husamettin, and Muzaffer Cakmak. "Effect of One Unit Blood Donation on Appetite-Related Biomarkers." Clinical & Investigative Medicine 39, no. 6 (2016): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.25011/cim.v39i6.27509.

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Purpose: It is commonly reported that blood donation (BD) leads to an increase in appetite. To investigate this claim, a questionnaire was offered to 306 people who had a history of BD at least once in their life. Following a positive outcome from the questionnaire, we further investigated the impact of BD on appetite. Materials and Methods: The questionnaire study consists of a 5-question survey with VAS was performed on 399 volunteers. Later, 108 volunteers were enrolled in a laboratory study. Blood samples were withdrawn before and after BD. Leptin, ghrelin, neuropeptide-Y (NPY), and alpha-

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Polsky, Sarit, Lorraine Garratt Ogden, Paul Scown MacLean, Erin Danielle Giles, Carrie Brill, and Holly Roxanna Wyatt. "Biomarker Profile Does Not Predict Weight Loss Success in Successful and Unsuccessful Diet-Reduced Obese Individuals: A Prospective Study." ISRN Obesity 2013 (May 14, 2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/804129.

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Background. Individuals attempting weight reduction have varying success when participating in the same intervention. Identifying physiological factors associated with greater weight loss could improve outcomes. Methods. Sixty-one adults (BMI 27–30 kg/m2) participated in a 16-week group-based, cognitive-behavioral control weight loss program. Concentrations of 12 fasting hormones and cytokines related to adiposity, satiety/hunger, and inflammation were measured using the Milliplex human metabolic human panel before and after weight loss. Participants were grouped based on ≥8% (successful group

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Roche, John R., Dominique Blache, Jane K. Kay, Dale R. Miller, Angela J. Sheahan, and David W. Miller. "Neuroendocrine and physiological regulation of intake with particular reference to domesticated ruminant animals." Nutrition Research Reviews 21, no. 2 (2008): 207–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954422408138744.

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The central nervous system undertakes the homeostatic role of sensing nutrient intake and body reserves, integrating the information, and regulating energy intake and/or energy expenditure. Few tasks regulated by the brain hold greater survival value, particularly important in farmed ruminant species, where the demands of pregnancy, lactation and/or growth are not easily met by often bulky plant-based and sometimes nutrient-sparse diets. Information regarding metabolic state can be transmitted to the appetite control centres of the brain by a diverse array of signals, such as stimulation of th

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Yi, Chun-Xia, Jan van der Vliet, Jiapei Dai, Guangfu Yin, Liqiang Ru, and Ruud M. Buijs. "Ventromedial Arcuate Nucleus Communicates Peripheral Metabolic Information to the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus." Endocrinology 147, no. 1 (2006): 283–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2005-1051.

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The arcuate nucleus (ARC) is crucial for the maintenance of energy homeostasis as an integrator of long- and short-term hunger and satiety signals. The expression of receptors for metabolic hormones, such as insulin, leptin, and ghrelin, allows ARC to sense information from the periphery and signal it to the central nervous system. The ventromedial ARC (vmARC) mainly comprises orexigenic neuropeptide agouti-related peptide and neuropeptide Y neurons, which are sensitive to circulating signals. To investigate neural connections of vmARC within the central nervous system, we injected the neurona

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DeBenedictis, Julia Nicole, Siren Nymo, Karoline Haagensli Ollestad, et al. "Changes in the Homeostatic Appetite System After Weight Loss Reflect a Normalization Toward a Lower Body Weight." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 105, no. 7 (2020): e2538-e2546. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa202.

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Abstract Objective To compare appetite markers in reduced-obese individuals with a nonobese control group. Methods A total of 34 adults with obesity who lost 17% body weight at week 13 and maintained this weight loss (WL) at 1 year were compared with 33 nonobese controls matched for body composition. Basal and postprandial subjective appetite ratings and appetite-related hormone concentrations (ghrelin, total peptide YY, peptide YY3-36, total and active glucagon-like peptide 1, and cholecystokinin) were measured in all participants and repeated at week 13 and 1 year in the weight-reduced group

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Favero, Giovanna Ganem, Isabela Lopes Martin, Fernanda Pereira da Silva Albino, Carlos Eduardo Fontana, Sérgio Luiz Pinheiro, and Giovanna Rosa Degasperi. "Leptin’s and antigen-presenting cells’ functions in periodontitis – an overview / Leptin e as funções das células que apresentam antigénios na periodontite - uma visão geral." Brazilian Journal of Health Review 4, no. 2 (2021): 8011–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv4n2-333.

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Leptin is a hormone synthesized predominantly by white adipose tissue. Its production levels are directly proportional to the total mass of this tissue in an individual’s body. Apart from its classic role in the regulation of hunger and satiety, it also plays an important part in scenarios involving innate and adaptive immune responses. It has been discovered that leptin levels are altered in a variety of inflammatory responses, such as periodontitis, a condition which derives from a persistent inflammatory immune response from a host facing bacterial infection. The initial trigger for this re

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Lamas, Cristiane. "The gut and the heart: a concise narrative review." Heart, Vessels and Transplantation 3, Issue 3 (2019): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.24969/hvt.2019.137.

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Foods have a wider role besides simply satisfying hunger, and the gut may be the source of several diseases. The human gut is populated by 100 trillion microorganisms and the most abundant phyla are the Firmicutes ( 60 a 80%), such as the lactobacilli, and the Bacteroidetes ( 20 a 40%), such as the gender Bacteroides.The obesity epidemics may be related to the constant availability of food, less physical exercise, and influences on the gut microbiota such as type of food ingested (low fiber, high calorie, and high fat). The beneficial effects of the gut microbiota result partly from products d

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Vitaglione, Paola, Fabiana Zingone, Nicolina Virgilio, and Carolina Ciacci. "Appetite and Gastrointestinal Hormone Response to a Gluten-Free Meal in Patients with Coeliac Disease." Nutrients 11, no. 1 (2019): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11010082.

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Coeliac disease (CeD) is an immune-mediated inflammatory enteropathy triggered by the ingestion of gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. Gastrointestinal (GI) hormone response related to appetite and glucose metabolism is still under-investigated in patients with CeD. This study aimed at shedding light on the appetite sensations, glycaemia and hormone response induced by a complex meal in patients with coeliac disease. Twenty-two women with CeD, nine at the diagnosis (CeDD) and thirteen under a gluten-free diet (CeDGF), and ten healthy subjects (HS) were enrolled in a single day inter

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Lavin, J. H., G. Wittert, W. M. Sun, M. Horowitz, J. E. Morley, and N. W. Read. "Appetite regulation by carbohydrate: role of blood glucose and gastrointestinal hormones." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 271, no. 2 (1996): E209—E214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1996.271.2.e209.

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To investigate the mechanisms by which intestinal carbohydrate affects eating behavior, seven fasted, healthy male volunteers received intraduodenal infusions of glucose or saline over a 90-min period while blood glucose levels were matched by use of intravenous glucose and saline infusions. A second study examined the effect of intraduodenal glucose on eating behavior when the gastrointestinal hormone response was inhibited by intravenous octreotide. Intravenous glucose infusion did not affect hunger or satiety. In contrast, intraduodenal infusion of glucose suppressed hunger, increased fulln

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Khavkin, A. I., V. A. Ayrumov, N. O. Shvedkina, and V. P. Novikova. "Biological role and clinical significance of neuropeptides in pediatrics: peptide YY and ghrelin." Voprosy praktičeskoj pediatrii 15, no. 5 (2020): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1817-7646-2020-5-87-92.

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The increasing prevalence of alimentary obesity necessitates the search for its causes. In addition to eating disorders, other factors were found to affect lipid metabolism, including genetic predisposition, adipose tissue hormones, neurohormones, and digestive tract hormones regulating hunger and satiety, such as peptide YY (PYY) and ghrelin. This literature review focuses on these biologically active substances and their physiological and pathophysiological role. Key words: obesity, peptide, ghrelin

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Hamilton, Courteney C., Steve B. Wiseman, Jennifer L. Copeland, and Marc R. Bomhof. "Influence of postexercise fasting on hunger and satiety in adults." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 45, no. 9 (2020): 1022–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2019-0947.

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Research demonstrates that exercise acutely reduces appetite by stimulating the secretion of gut-derived satiety hormones. Currently there is a paucity of research examining the impact of postexercise nutrient intake on appetite regulation. The objective of this study was to examine how postexercise fasting versus feeding impacts the postexercise appetite response. In a randomized crossover intervention, 14 participants (body mass index: 26.9 ± 3.5 kg·m−2; age: 26.8 ± 6.7 years) received 1 of 2 recovery beverages: (i) water control (FAST) or (ii) sweetened-milk (FED) after completing a 45-min

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Heden, Timothy D., Ying Liu, Lauren Sims, et al. "Liquid meal composition, postprandial satiety hormones, and perceived appetite and satiety in obese women during acute caloric restriction." European Journal of Endocrinology 168, no. 4 (2013): 593–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-12-0884.

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ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to compare postprandial satiety regulating hormone responses (pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY)) and visual analog scale- (VAS) assessed perceived appetite and satiety between liquid high-protein (HP) and high-carbohydrate (HC) meals in obese women during acute (24-h) caloric restriction.DesignEleven obese premenopausal women completed two conditions in random order in which they consumed 1500 calories as six 250-calorie HP meals or six 250-calorie HC meals over a 12-h period. Blood samples were taken at baseline and every 20

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H. Mhaibes, Sarah, Najwan K. Fakree, and Sonia I. Naser. "Regulation of Appetite and Satiety by Gastrointestinal Peptides." Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN: 1683 - 3597 , E-ISSN : 2521 - 3512) 30, no. 1 (2021): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31351/vol30iss1pp14-21.

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In recent decades, global obesity has increased significantly, causing a major health problem with associated complications and major socioeconomic issues. The central nervous system (CNS), particularly the hypothalamus, regulates food intake through sensing the metabolic signals of peripheral organs and modulating feeding behaviors. The hypothalamus interacts with other brain regions such as the brain stem to perform these vital functions. The gut plays a crucial role in controlling food consumption and energy homeostasis. The gut releases orexigenic and anorexigenic hormones that interact di

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Tichonenko, Ekaterina V., Uliana A. Tsoi, Elena Yu Vasilieva, and Alina Yu Babenko. "Characteristics of eating behavior and the level of hormones regulating the appetite in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and body mass index more than 35 kg /m2." Obesity and metabolism 15, no. 1 (2018): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/omet2018130-38.

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Background. The role of the hormones in eating behavior in the regulation of appetite has been well studied, but their relationship with various types of eating behavior has not been established. Aims. To study the frequency of different types of eating behavior, hunger/satiety feeling estimated by the visual analog scale and levels of leptin and gastrointestinal tract hormones that are involved in appetite regulation, fat and carbohydrate metabolism (ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide 1) in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and obesity. Materials and methods. The study include

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Farias, Gisele, Bárbara Dal Molin Netto, Solange Cravo Bettini, Ana Raimunda Dâmaso, and Alexandre Coutinho Teixeira de Freitas. "Neuroendocrine regulation of energy balance: Implications on the development and surgical treatment of obesity." Nutrition and Health 23, no. 3 (2017): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0260106017719369.

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Introduction: Obesity, a serious public health problem, occurs mainly when food consumption exceeds energy expenditure. Therefore, energy balance depends on the regulation of the hunger–satiety mechanism, which involves interconnection of the central nervous system and peripheral signals from the adipose tissue, pancreas and gastrointestinal tract, generating responses in short-term food intake and long-term energy balance. Increased body fat alters the gut- and adipose-tissue-derived hormone signaling, which promotes modifications in appetite-regulating hormones, decreasing satiety and increa

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Reigh, Nicole, Alaina Pearce, Hugh Garavan, et al. "Association Between State-Based and Trait-Based Responsiveness to Satiety Cues Differs by Child Risk for Overweight/Obesity." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (2021): 1242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab055_052.

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Abstract Objectives The relationship between parentally reported satiety responsiveness (i.e., trait) and laboratory-assessed satiety responsiveness (i.e., state) in children is not known, making it difficult to interpret and generalize lab-based findings. In addition, while many studies have shown weight-related differences in children's eating behaviors, less is known about appetitive traits that are present before obesity develops. Therefore, we examined associations between trait- and state-based satiety responsiveness among children with healthy weight who differed by familial risk for ob

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Plihal, W., C. Haenschel, P. Hachl, J. Born, and R. Pietrowsky. "The Effect of Food Deprivation on ERP During Identification of Tachistoscopically Presented Food-Related Words." Journal of Psychophysiology 15, no. 3 (2001): 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027//0269-8803.15.3.163.

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Abstract The present study served to investigate the effects of food deprivation on the identification of subliminally presented food-related words by means of event-related potentials (ERPs). ERPs were recorded in 16 hungry and 16 satiated subjects during repeated tachistoscopic presentation of food-related words (food names) and food-unrelated words (neutral words, sexual words) as controls. ERPs were recorded during each presentation of a word prior to identification and during the first presentation after identification and exhibited N1, P2, and slow-wave components. The number of tachisto

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BALDEWEG, TORSTEN, PETER ULLSPERGER, REINHARD PIETROWSKY, HORST LORENZ FEHM, and JAN BORN. "Event-related brain potential correlates of self-reported hunger and satiety." Psychophysiology 30, no. 1 (2007): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1993.tb03201.x.

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Robinson, P. H. "Perceptivity and Paraceptivity During Measurement of Gastric Emptying in Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa." British Journal of Psychiatry 154, no. 3 (1989): 400–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.154.3.400.

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Gastric emptying of a mixed meal was measured in 22 patients with anorexia nervosa, ten with bulimia nervosa and ten controls. Ratings on a visual analogue scale (VAS) were made during the test. Patients with anorexia nervosa felt fuller and less hungry than controls, although satiety was not related to gastric emptying rate. Controls showed a correlation of about 0.6 between gastric contents and reported hunger and satiety. Patients with anorexia nervosa had significantly lower correlations between gastric contents and hunger, but normal correlations with fullness. Significant correlations we

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Prado, Wagner L., Mara C. Lofrano-Prado, Thiago Ricardo S. Tenório, et al. "Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Hunger Feelings and Satiety Regulating Hormones in Obese Teenage Girls." Pediatric Exercise Science 26, no. 4 (2014): 463–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.2013-0200.

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Weickert, Martin O., Joachim Spranger, Jens J. Holst, et al. "Wheat-fibre-induced changes of postprandial peptide YY and ghrelin responses are not associated with acute alterations of satiety." British Journal of Nutrition 96, no. 5 (2006): 795–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bjn20061902.

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Weight gain and risk of type 2 diabetes are inversely associated with a high intake of insoluble cereal fibres. Because nutrient-induced changes of ‘satiety hormones’ from the gut may play a role in this process, we evaluated the effects of purified insoluble fibres on postprandial responses of plasma peptide YY (PYY), serum ghrelin and satiety as secondary outcome measures of a study investigating effects of cereal fibres on parameters of glucose metabolism. Fourteen healthy women were studied on six occasions in a randomized, single-blind, controlled crossover design. After 24 h run-in perio

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Zhu, Lanjun, Yancui Huang, Indika Edirisinghe, Eunyoung Park, and Britt Burton-Freeman. "Using the Avocado to Test the Satiety Effects of a Fat-Fiber Combination in Place of Carbohydrate Energy in a Breakfast Meal in Overweight and Obese Men and Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial." Nutrients 11, no. 5 (2019): 952. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11050952.

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This study aimed to investigate the satiety effects of isocalorically replacing carbohydrate energy in a meal with avocado-derived fats and fibers. In a randomized 3-arm, 6-h, crossover clinical trial, thirty-one overweight/obese adults consumed a low-fat control meal (CON, 76% carbohydrate, 14% fat as energy, 5 g fiber, ~640 kcal) or high-fat meals similar in total fat and energy, but increasing avocado-derived fat and fiber content from half (HA, 68 g; 51% carbohydrate, 40% fat as energy, 8.6 g fiber) or whole avocado (WA, 136 g; 50% carbohydrate, 43% fat as energy, 13.1 g fiber) on three se

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Truby, Helen, Christie Bennett, and Catia Martins. "A review of the short- and long-term impact of weight loss on appetite in youth: what do we know and where to from here?" Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 79, no. 3 (2020): 357–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665120007028.

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This review seeks to synthesise our knowledge about changes in hunger and satiety that occur during diet-induced weight loss and during weight loss maintenance, with a particular focus on youth with obesity. Mechanisms of appetite responses to weight loss rely heavily on the adult literature. Physiological mechanisms that control appetite and satiety via the gut–brain axis have been elucidated but we have an incomplete picture of changes in gut hormones and peptides in youth with obesity. In adolescents, the role of the brain in long-term sensing of body composition and modifying appetite and

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Kraemer, Robert R. "How Does my Stomach Know What my Muscles Need? Effect of Exercise on Hunger/Satiety Hormones." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 41 (May 2009): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000352657.30866.2b.

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Madden, Clara EL, Sook Ling Leong, Andrew Gray, and Caroline C. Horwath. "Eating in response to hunger and satiety signals is related to BMI in a nationwide sample of 1601 mid-age New Zealand women." Public Health Nutrition 15, no. 12 (2012): 2272–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980012000882.

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AbstractObjectiveTo examine the association between eating in response to hunger and satiety signals (intuitive eating) and BMI. A second objective was to determine whether the hypothesized higher BMI in less intuitive eaters could be explained by the intake of specific foods, speed of eating or binge eating.DesignCross-sectional survey. Participants were randomly selected from a nationally representative sampling frame. Eating in response to hunger and satiety signals (termed ‘intuitive eating’), self-reported height and weight, frequency of binge eating, speed of eating and usual intakes of

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Williams, Gareth, Joanne A. Harrold, and David J. Cutler. "The hypothalamus and the regulation of energy homeostasis: lifting the lid on a black box." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 59, no. 3 (2000): 385–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665100000434.

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The hypothalamus is the focus of many peripheral signals and neural pathways that control energy homeostasis and body weight. Emphasis has moved away from anatomical concepts of ‘feeding’ and ‘satiety’ centres to the specific neurotransmitters that modulate feeding behaviour and energy expenditure. We have chosen three examples to illustrate the physiological roles of hypothalamic neurotransmitters and their potential as targets for the development of new drugs to treat obesity and other nutritional disorders. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is expressed by neurones of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (A

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Nieuwenhuizen, Arie G., Ananda Hochstenbach-Waelen, Margriet A. B. Veldhorst та ін. "Acute effects of breakfasts containing α-lactalbumin, or gelatin with or without added tryptophan, on hunger, ‘satiety’ hormones and amino acid profiles". British Journal of Nutrition 101, № 12 (2008): 1859–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114508131774.

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Proteins are the most satiating macronutrients. Tryptophan (TRP) may contribute to the satiating effect, as it serves as a precursor for the anorexigenic neurotransmitter serotonin. To address the role of TRP in the satiating properties of dietary protein, we compared three different breakfasts, containing either α-lactalbumin (high in TRP), gelatin (low in TRP) or gelatin with added TRP (gelatin+TRP, high in TRP), on appetite. Twenty-four subjects (22–29 kg/m2; aged 19–37 years) received a subject-specific breakfast at t = 0 with 10, 55 and 35 % energy from protein, carbohydrate and fat repec

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Hamad, Samar, Niloufar Rafiee Tari, Gajuna Mathiyalagan, and Amanda Wright. "Emulsion Colloidal Gastric Stability and Lipid Droplet Physical State Modulate Gastric Emptying and Short-Term Satiety in Healthy Men." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (2021): 584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab044_015.

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Abstract Objectives The aim of this randomized crossover study was to investigate the influences of TAG droplet physical state at 37°C and emulsion gastric colloidal stability on gastric emptying (GE), postprandial lipemia and satiety in healthy men. It was hypothesized that emulsions susceptible to flocculation in the stomach would augment GE compared to acid stable emulsions, and that the acute lipemic and satiety responses would be attenuated for emulsions containing crystalline TAG and/or an acid unstable emulsifier. Methods Twenty % palm stearin or palm olein emulsions with similar partic

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Demidova, Tatiana Y., Kristina G. Lobanova, and Olga S. Oynotkinova. "Gut microbiota is an endocrine organ." Obesity and metabolism 17, no. 3 (2020): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/omet12457.

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The gut microbiota affects the processes of food digestion, intestinal peristalsis, controls the work of the intestinal epithelium, has protective properties against pathogenic microorganisms, activating local immunity and stimulating the secretion of mucus by intestinal cells. Besides the gut microbiota participates in the metabolism of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, mediates the processes of gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis, lipogenesis and lipolysis, and affects on feelings of hunger and satiety. All these processes occur because the gut microbiota produces active metabolites throughout t

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Papamargaritis, Dimitris, and Carel W. le Roux. "Do Gut Hormones Contribute to Weight Loss and Glycaemic Outcomes after Bariatric Surgery?" Nutrients 13, no. 3 (2021): 762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13030762.

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Bariatric surgery is an effective intervention for management of obesity through treating dysregulated appetite and achieving long-term weight loss maintenance. Moreover, significant changes in glucose homeostasis are observed after bariatric surgery including, in some cases, type 2 diabetes remission from the early postoperative period and postprandial hypoglycaemia. Levels of a number of gut hormones are dramatically increased from the early period after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy—the two most commonly performed bariatric procedures—and they have been suggested as import

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Ye, Zhong, Visalakshi Arumugam, Esther Haugabrooks, Patricia Williamson, and Suzanne Hendrich. "Soluble dietary fiber (Fibersol-2) decreased hunger and increased satiety hormones in humans when ingested with a meal." Nutrition Research 35, no. 5 (2015): 393–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2015.03.004.

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Baumeister, Anna, Joachim Gardemann, Manfred Fobker, Verena Spiegler, and Tobias Fischer. "Short-Term Influence of Caffeine and Medium-Chain Triglycerides on Ketogenesis: A Controlled Double-Blind Intervention Study." Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 2021 (June 15, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1861567.

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Background. Ketone bodies are a highly relevant topic in nutrition and medicine. The influence of medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) on ketogenesis is well known and has been successfully used in ketogenic diets for many years. Nevertheless, the effects of MCTs and coconut oil on the production of ketone bodies have only partially been investigated. Furthermore, the increased mobilisation of free fatty acids and release of catabolic hormones by caffeine suggest an influence of caffeine on ketogenesis. Methods. In a controlled, double-blind intervention study, seven young healthy subjects receive

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Critchley, H. D., and E. T. Rolls. "Hunger and satiety modify the responses of olfactory and visual neurons in the primate orbitofrontal cortex." Journal of Neurophysiology 75, no. 4 (1996): 1673–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1996.75.4.1673.

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1. The primate orbitofrontal cortex is the site of convergence of information from primary taste and primary olfactory cortical regions. In addition, it receives projections from temporal lobe visual areas concerned with the representation of objects such as foods. Previous work has shown that the responses of gustatory neurons in the secondary taste area within the orbitofrontal cortex are modulated by hunger and satiety, in that they stop responding to the taste of a food on which an animal has been fed to behavioral satiation, yet may continue to respond to the taste of other foods. 2. This

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Schwarz, Neil A., B. Rhett Rigby, Paul La Bounty, Brian Shelmadine, and Rodney G. Bowden. "A Review of Weight Control Strategies and Their Effects on the Regulation of Hormonal Balance." Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 2011 (2011): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/237932.

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The estimated prevalence of obesity in the USA is 72.5 million adults with costs attributed to obesity more than 147 billion dollars per year. Though caloric restriction has been used extensively in weight control studies, short-term success has been difficult to achieve, with long-term success of weight control being even more elusive. Therefore, novel approaches are needed to control the rates of obesity that are occurring globally. The purpose of this paper is to provide a synopsis of how exercise, sleep, psychological stress, and meal frequency and composition affect levels of ghrelin, cor

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Argyrakopoulou, Georgia, Stamatia Simati, George Dimitriadis, and Alexander Kokkinos. "How Important Is Eating Rate in the Physiological Response to Food Intake, Control of Body Weight, and Glycemia?" Nutrients 12, no. 6 (2020): 1734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12061734.

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The link between eating rate and energy intake has long been a matter of extensive research. A better understanding of the effect of food intake speed on body weight and glycemia in the long term could serve as a means to prevent weight gain and/or dysglycemia. Whether a fast eating rate plays an important role in increased energy intake and body weight depends on various factors related to the studied food such as texture, viscosity and taste, but seems to be also influenced by the habitual characteristics of the studied subjects as well. Hunger and satiety quantified via test meals in acute

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Rigamonti, A. E., F. Agosti, E. Compri, et al. "Anorexigenic postprandial responses of PYY and GLP1 to slow ice cream consumption: preservation in obese adolescents, but not in obese adults." European Journal of Endocrinology 168, no. 3 (2013): 429–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-12-0867.

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ObjectiveEating slowly increases the postprandial responses of some anorexigenic gut hormones in healthy lean subjects. As the rate of food intake is positively associated with obesity, the aim of the study was to determine whether eating the same meal at different rates evokes different postprandial anorexigenic responses in obese adolescent and adult subjects.Design and methodsEighteen obese adolescents and adults were enrolled. A test meal was consumed on two different sessions by each subject, meal duration taking either 5 min (fast feeding) or 30 min (slow feeding). Circulating levels of

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Hochstenbach-Waelen, A., A. Nieuwenhuizen, and M. Westerterp-Plantenga. "Effects of alpha-lactalbumin, gelatin with or without added tryptophan-protein breakfasts on hunger, ‘satiety’ hormones, and protein kinetics." Appetite 51, no. 2 (2008): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2008.04.113.

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Sánchez-Murguía, Tania, Nathaly Torres-Castillo, Wendy Campos-Pérez, Citlalic Rodríguez-Reyes, Lisset Magaña-de la Vega, and Erika Martínez-López. "Association of Leu72Met Polymorphism of GHRL Gene and Gln223Arg of LEPR Gene With Hunger, Satiety, Biochemical, and Anthropometric Variables in Adults From Western Mexico." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (2021): 1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab052_008.

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Abstract Objectives To determine the association of Leu72Met single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of GHRL gene and Gln223Arg SNP of LEPR gene with hunger, satiety, biochemical, and anthropometric variables in adults from Western Mexico. Methods Quasi-experimental study design with 132 participants of which 109 were women. Inclusion criteria were age 18–25 years old, BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2, 10 hours of fasting, and have the habit of eating breakfast. Exclusion criteria were subjects with a diagnosed disease, vegetarians or vegans, use of drugs that alter appetite or for weight loss, food allergies

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