Relevant bibliographies by topics / Hunza (Pakistan)

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Hunza (Pakistan)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Hunza (Pakistan)"

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Allan, Nigel J. R. "Household Food Supply in Hunza Valley, Pakistan." Geographical Review 80, no. 4 (October 1990): 399. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/215849.

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Harding, R. R., and F. Wall. "Blue spinel from the Hunza valley, Pakistan." Journal of Gemmology 20, no. 7 (1987): 403–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.15506/jog.1987.20.7.403.

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Muhammad, Faqeer, Rehmat Karim, Abdullah Salman, Attaullah Shah, Javed Akhtar Qureshi, and Memoona Nilofer. "Impact of China Pakistan Economic Corridor on Local Economy and Tourism Development: Case of Hunza, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan." International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology 11, no. 4 (March 11, 2021): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.vol11.iss4.2020.509.

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This study is aimed to analyze the role of tourism in affecting the local economy of Hunza. The Structural Equation Modeling was applied for knowing the local people perception about CPEC projects and their effect on tourism economy development. In addition, descriptive statistics tools using STAT 12 have been used for the data analysis and prior to analysis, Cronbach’s alpha test was used to check reliability of various items of the questionnaire. The data werecollected from students, retailers, hotel owners, tour operators and travel agents. Results reveal that according to the respondents, CPEC is a game changer for the economy. In addition, there is significant effect of CPEC projects on the tourism development in Hunza. Results of the study also revealed that CPEC projects have negative effect on environment and local culture.
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Karim, D., I. Karim, S. Daveel, and A. Khan. "DAMMING HUNZA RIVER BY MASSIVE ATTABAD LANDSLIDE, STORY OF A RISK MANAGEMENT INITIATIVE FROM HUNZA, PAKISTAN." Journal of Mountain Area Research 5 (December 29, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.53874/jmar.v5i0.76.

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The mountainous region of northern Pakistan is seismically active as Indian plate is subducting beneath the Eurasian plate. Various geological phenomena are active due to the mountain building and landslides are one of the most destructive natural disasters in the Karakoram range. The northern part of Pakistan, Gilgit-Baltistan, falling in this region is no exception to that. Attabad was a remote village situated on the right bank of Hunza River at a ground distance of almost 125 km from Gilgit city. The area falls into Darkut-Karakoram metamorphic complex composed of granites, granodiorite, and gneiss. A devastating landslide occurred on 4th January 2010, as mode of circular failure which blocked the Hunza River forming a lake behind. The debris material hit the opposite rock cliff, due to narrow gorge the landslide mass travelled downstream 1.5km with huge debris surges, hitting 8 houses in lower Attabad which came under rubble and 19 people died. Aga Khan Agency for Habitat previously FOCUS Pakistan developed an inventory of active landslides across the KKH in Hunza in 2000-2001, however this landslide was not identified. Later in 2002 after the Astore earthquake initial cracks developed at the top of the slope. The 8th October Kashmir earthquake destabilized and U-shaped demarcation appeared across the slope. Anthropogenic activities like irrigation of lands, seepage of water from rain and snow melt water further destabilized the land. Finally, an earthquake in November 2009 in Hindukush region triggered the landslide and brittle failure occurred on 4th January 2010.
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Harlech-Jones, Brian, Shamshad Sajid, and Shams ur-Rahman. "The spread of English in two parts of the Northern Area of Pakistan, 1980–2002." English World-Wide 24, no. 2 (December 5, 2003): 163–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.24.2.03har.

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This article investigates the widespread conviction that during the period on which the study is based, 1980 to 2002, English spread faster and much more widely in Hunza than in Chilas, two political sub-districts of the Northern Area of Pakistan that have many similarities. In the absence of data, it was decided to study the expansion of formal education during the period 1980–2002, cross-referenced against the changing language content of curricula. Based on the data, a number of propositions were formulated for each area. Finally, the propositions were checked by means of a survey. The conclusion is that the proposition is correct. In Hunza there is convincing evidence of more widespread use of, and more favourable attitudes towards, English. The main reason for the differences between Chilas and Hunza seems to be the different expressions of Islam that pertain in each area.
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Ali Khan, M., F. Maghuly, E. G. Borroto-Fernandez, A. Pedryc, H. Katinger, and M. Laimer. "Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) from Northern Pakistan using Simple Sequence Repeats." Silvae Genetica 57, no. 1-6 (December 1, 2008): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sg-2008-0024.

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Abstract A collection of 44 P. armeniaca accessions and three related species, from diverse geographic areas, covering the entire Northern hemisphere with emphasis on Pakistani apricots, was screened with 10 SSR primer pairs developed in apricot, to characterize the cultivars and establish their genetic relationship. Given the fact that the Central Asian region is considered a center of origin of apricot, particular attention was devoted to accessions from the Hunza region of Pakistan. The primers correctly amplified a repeatable polymorphic pattern, which unequivocally distinguished all genotypes under study. Altogether 123 alleles were identified with an average of 12.30 alleles per locus. The observed heterozygosity for individual loci ranged from 0.28 to 0.77 with an average of 0.64. A neighbour joining method identified four groups from: (A) Central Asia, (B) Irano-Caucasia, (C) Continental Europe and (D) North America. The dendrogram confirms the historic dissemination pathways of apricot from its centre of origin in Asia to the West. Apricot cultivars from the Hunza region (Northern Pakistan) revealed a high variability, as genetic diversity is still conserved due to the traditional practice of planting seeds from the best trees.
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YAGI, Hiroshi, Hideaki MARUI, Allahbuksh KAUSAR, and Shablis SHERWALI. "Landslide damming at Atta Abad, Hunza, Pakistan in 2010." Journal of the Japan Landslide Society 47, no. 6 (2010): 335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3313/jls.47.335.

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Zanchi, Andrea, and Damiano Gritti. "Multistage structural evolution of Northern Karakorum (Hunza region, Pakistan)." Tectonophysics 260, no. 1-3 (July 1996): 145–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(96)00081-9.

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Bano, Tehzeeb, Umer Khayyam, and Arif Alam. "Livelihood Expansion and Local People’s Expectations in the Realm of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor in Hunza, Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan." European Journal of Sustainable Development 8, no. 3 (October 1, 2019): 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2019.v8n3p543.

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Economic Corridors around the world has been creating livelihood opportunities for people thus stimulating economic growth and development. This study has explored the opportunities for livelihood expansion which exists in the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) for the people of Gilgit Baltistan (GB), as the region lacks many vital livelihood opportunities. CPEC is considered as a fate changer, specifically for the people of Hunza valley, which provides the pathway to CPEC emanating from China to the rest of Pakistan. The economic growth process in the region is now been linked with the expansion of livelihood opportunities to benefit the local poor. This study has deployed quantitative research technique and used purposive sampling technique for field survey. Results show that a major bulk – 60% of the local respondents, 70% members of GBLA and 80% of the members of Chamber of Commerce in Hunza (Gilgit Baltistan) are hopeful that CPEC will create employment opportunities for local community. Due to high potential of GB in tourism sector, a high number of respondents (53%) expected that tourism sector will develop through CPEC while 28% of the local people and the members of Chamber of Commerce expected that industrial sector will get boost through CPEC, 19% of the respondents were having opinion that agriculture sector will develop through this mega project creating employment opportunities for the local youth in their native area. Keywords: CPEC, Gilgit Baltistan, employment opportunities, tourism, small industries.
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Mazhar, Nausheen, Dania Amjad, Kanwal Javid, Rumana Siddiqui, Muhammad Ameer Nawaz, and Zaynah Sohail Butt. "Mapping Fluctuations of Hispar Glacier, Karakoram, using Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) and Normalized Difference Principal Component Snow Index (NDSPCSI)." International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology 11, no. 4 (March 11, 2021): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.vol11.iss4.2020.516.

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Investigation of the fluctuations in the snow-covered area of the major glaciers of the Karakoram range is essential for proper water resource management in Pakistan, since its glaciers are responding differently to the rising temperatures. The objective of this paper is to map snow covered area of Hispar glacier in Hunza river basin for the years 1990, 2010 and 2018. Two techniques, (NDPCSI) Normalized Difference Principal Component Snow Index and (NDSI) Normalized Difference Snow Index were used. Hispar glacier of the Hunza basin has lost 114 km2 of its ice cover area, during the last 28 years, with an alarming annual retreat rate of 1.67 km2 of glacier ice from 1990 to 2018. Hunza basin experienced a +1°C rise in both mean minimum and mean maximum temperature during 2007 to 2018.as a result, Karakorum ice reserves have been affected by rising temperature of the region. Due to temperature rise, retreat of snowcovered area of Hispar, Karakoram mountain range shows a shift in the cryospheric hazard zone.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hunza (Pakistan)"

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Syed, Riaz Ahmad. "The potential of ecotourism in Hunza Valley Pakistan." Florianópolis, SC, 2000. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/78330.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico.
Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-17T12:52:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-09-25T16:38:58Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 174126.pdf: 4436192 bytes, checksum: e806cb60a8939f6916ec6ddcac618962 (MD5)
A presente dissertação considerou pontos tais como as que ampliam-se as adesões em favor da preservação do meio ambiente e da melhoria da qualidade de vida da humanidade. Os objetivos são fornecer alguma contribuição a Divisão de Turismo do Paquistão do Ministério de Esportes e Turismo, para comercializar e promover internacionalmente para as áreas do nordeste como destinação de ecoturismo internacional. e como fazer mais clara a ligação entre o bem estar do meio ambiente e o sucesso do turismo. Este segmento do turismo possui diferentes características de outras formas de turismo. A indústria do turismo é muito importante no desenvolvimento do ecoturismo, pois é ela que realmente proporciona as viagens e tem grande influência no destino dos turistas, atividades e experiências. Os consumidores necessitam de educação a respeito dos custos e dos benefícios do ecoturismo para posteriormente estarem aptos a decidir sobre sua viagem e sua participação na conservação do meio ambiente. São ressaltadas outras características do ecoturismo: Maior capacitação profissional dos guias. Impactos do Ecoturismo sobre o meio ambiente. Segundo BOO (1992), existem poucas destinações que demonstram todos os princípios do ecoturismo. Muitos dos parques não possuem planejamento turístico. Deve-se realizar um uso sustentável dos recursos e características naturais da área. Esta nova ideologia sensitiva ambientalista está refletida em destinações que têm, conseguido, só recentemente, embarcar na nova onda do desenvolvimento do turismo. Belize, um local relativamente novo na indústria do turismo, é bom exemplo. Esse tipo de viagem depende da conservação dos recursos da área natural. Essa parceria pode, de fato, proporcionar uma verdadeira experiência ecoturística por meio do aumento da consciência do público sobre proteção ambiental; da provisão de recursos econômicos para a gestão das áreas naturais; da maximização dos benefícios econômicos para as comunidades locais; doe estímulo à compreensão das diferenças culturais; e da diminuição dos efeitos adversos dos visitantes sobre o meio ambiente natural e cultural. Há várias etapas no desenvolvimento de diretrizes para a administração do bom visitante: Obter auxílio técnico de cientistas que estudaram o impacto do turismo. Criar um plano de distribuição do documento. Guias especializados em turismo de natureza devem estar bem informados sobre o impacto do turismo. Grande parte do impacto do turismo pode ser causado por visitantes desobedientes. Solicite aos funcionários do parque que recolham os questionários dos visitantes que estão de saída. América Central e do Sul. Incluindo alguns operadores de turismo domestico e com a Corporação de Desenvolvimento de Turismo do Paquistão. Setor Público. Agenciamento do setor público. Coorporação de Desenvolvimento do Turismo do Paquistão. Estão voltados somente com o setor público de hotéis e operadores. Considera-se o custo do Tour. Atividades na indústria do turismo. Devem desenvolver programas de treinamento em ecoturismo. Criar Identidades dos parques nacionais pois são ineficientes.
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Dolphin, Tania. "The discursive construction of Hunza, Pakistan, in travel writing, 1889-1999." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0020/MQ48423.pdf.

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Pirani, Khalil Karim. "In search of appropriate architecture : a jamat khana in Hunza, Pakistan." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76872.

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Thesis (M. Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1989.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 131-133).
In today's world of technological advancement, communication has become easier than ever before. This, along with its benefits, has inflicted severe blows to architecture in developing nations. Concepts have been imitated and technologies transposed without any concern or regard for appropriateness. Changes have been accepted without a care for the past and without any sense of future direction. This indifferent attitude is proving detrimental to the future built environment of Third World countries. Hunza, a region located in the north of Pakistan and untouched until the last few years, is facing new challenges because of increased communication not only with developed parts of the country, but also with the rest of the world. Its natural beauty and difficult mountain terrain has attracted people from all over the world by way of the newly built Karakoram highway. In this hazy mist of change in Hunza, the local architecture is being severely affected. People are using new building materials in their own way of construction without any fear or concern. A search to establish a comprehensive base for an appropriate architecture in the spirit of Hunza is beyond the scope of this thesis, but an attempt has been made in my own way to discover an architecture responding to current needs and using appropriate materials, while keeping in sight Hunza's history, tradition and culture which the faith of the locals, Islam, demands. This thesis addresses these issues by using the design of a jamat khana in the village of Karimabad, Hunza, as a vehicle. A community building of this significance may help in providing a forum for local builders, masons and craftsmen where they can revitalize their traditional ideas and search for appropriate solutions -- whatever the need be.
by Khalil Karim Pirani.
M.Arch.
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Dolphin, Tania (Tania Joanna) Carleton University Dissertation Geography. "The Discursive construction of Hunza, Pakistan in travel writing: 1889-1999." Ottawa, 2000.

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Charles, Christian. "La Vallée de Hunza Karakorum, Pakistan milieu naturel, aménagement traditionnel et mutations récentes dans une vallée aride du Nord-Ouest de l'ensemble hymalayen." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37594629d.

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Viquar, Sarwat. "Modernization and cultural transformation : change in building materials and house forms, Karimabad, Pakistan." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0025/MQ50693.pdf.

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Mahmud, Arif. "Impact of highland-lowland interaction on agriculture in Hunza valley : the socio-economic transformation of mountain societies." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307329.

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Fraser, James. "The structural and metamorphic evolution of the deep crust in the Hunza Karakoram, Pakistan." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393754.

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"Constructing pious identities through biomedicine: A case study of the Ismailis of Hunza, Pakistan." Tulane University, 2004.

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This dissertation examines the motivations for and consequences of biomedical health care use in a medically plural region in the Hunza valley of northern Pakistan. Hunza valley has undergone significant social, economic, and political changes in the past twenty-five years, including the construction of the Karakoram Highway and the rapid expansion of development programs initiated by non-government organizations that offer biomedical services, education, and financial and welfare opportunities to inhabitants. The primary force behind these changes is the Aga Khan, the affluent and influential supreme spiritual leader of the Ismaili sect of Shi'a Islam. Since a majority of Hunzakuts (inhabitants of the Hunza Valley) are followers of the Ismaili sect, the expansion of biomedical health care and other modernization policies promoted by subsidiary organizations of Aga Khan Foundation and Aga Khan Development Network have religious significance. I explore religion as it affects changes occurring in Hunza, and more specifically, to understand the circumstances affecting Hunzakuts' medical ideology and health-seeking behavior The results of this research show that health care decisions are important sources of social information and can be venues through which individuals actively seek to effect changes in their social relationships. Ismaili Hunzakuts are preferentially choosing biomedicine and other aspects of development in an attempt to exhibit their faith publicly in a religiously prescribed manner and reinforce their own sense of morality and piety. This study also shows that the arena of health care serves as an alternate social context for creating, redefining, and renegotiating one's religious identity and for acquiring religious prestige. Secondary benefits of an affiliation with biomedicine include economic benefits and acquiring political power that can contribute to the restructuring of existing social hierarchies This study has major implications for the understanding of Western-based constructs of religion and secular and for the relationship between Islam, development, and modernization. Findings show that Islam is compatible with a Western understanding of progress and modernity, but it has achieved it on its own terms through religious means rather than by relegating religion to the private sphere
acase@tulane.edu
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Books on the topic "Hunza (Pakistan)"

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Irrigation and state formation in Hunza: The anthropology of a hydraulic kingdom. Lanham, Md: University Press of America, 1996.

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Schmid, Anna. Die Dom zwischen sozialer Ohnmacht und kultureller Macht: Interethnische Beziehungen in Nordpakistan. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlg, 1997.

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Tiffou, Etienne. Hunza Proverbs. Univ of Calgary Pr, 1993.

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Hermann, Kreutzmann, ed. Karakoram in transition: Culture, development, and ecology in the Hunza Valley. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.

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Arts and Crafts of the Hunza Valley in Pakistan: Living Traditions in the Karakoram. Oxford University Press, 2018.

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Cooking in Hunza: Discover the secrets of a healthy and innovative mountain cuisine from Northern Pakistan. [S.l: s.n., 2003.

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Institute, Crop Diseases Research, and Pakistan Swiss Potato Development Project., eds. Powdery and common scab of potato in the Galis, Hunza-Gojal (northern areas) and Kaghan Valley, Pakistan. [Islamabad]: Crop Diseases Research Institute, Pakistan Swiss Potato Development Project, 1994.

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Die Dom Zwischen Sozialer Ohnmacht Und Kultureller Macht: Interethnische Beziehungen in Nordpakistan. Ergon Verlag, 1997.

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Mountain Berries and Desert Spice: Sweet Inspiration from the Hunza Valley to the Arabian Sea. Quarto Publishing Group UK, 2017.

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Usmani, Sumayya, and Joanna Yee. Mountain Berries and Desert Spice: Sweet Inspiration from the Hunza Valley to the Arabian Sea. Quarto Publishing Group UK, 2017.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hunza (Pakistan)"

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Hussain, Shafqat. "Multiple Sovereignty and Transnationalism in a Nation-State: Aga Khan Development Network in Hunza, Pakistan." In Democracy at Large, 191–204. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137032768_9.

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"From Hunza Road to China-Pakistan Economic Corridor." In Hunza matters, 59–222. Harrassowitz Verlag, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv10tq3ts.5.

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Saifullah, Muhammad, Shiyin Liu, Muhammad Adnan, Muhammad Ashraf, Muhammad Zaman, Sarfraz Hashim, and Sher Muhammad. "Risks of Glaciers Lakes Outburst Flood along China Pakistan Economic Corridor." In Glaciers and Polar Environment [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93459.

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The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) passes through the Hunza River basin of Pakistan. The current study investigates the creation and effects of end moraine, supra-glacial, and barrier lakes by field visits and remote sensing techniques along the CPEC in the Hunza River basin. The surging and moraine type glaciers are considered the most dangerous type of glaciers that cause Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) in the study basin. It can be concluded from the 40 years observations of Karakoram glaciers that surge-type and non-surge-type glaciers are not significantly different with respect to mass change. The recurrent surging of Khurdopin Glacier resulted in the creation of Khurdopin Glacial Lake in the Shimshal valley of the Hunza River basin. Such glacial lakes offer main sources of freshwater; however, when their dams are suddenly breached and water drained, catastrophic GLOFs appear and pose a great threat to people and infrastructure in downstream areas. This situation calls for an in-depth study on GLOF risks along the CPEC route and incorporation of GLOF for future policy formulation in the country for the CPEC project so that the government may take serious action for prevention, response to GLOFs, and rehabilitation and reconstruction of the areas.
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"The Dom of Hunza (Northern Areas of Pakistan)." In Disappearing Peoples?, 107–28. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315430416-11.

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"DIVISION OF LABOUR AND WOMEN'S WORK IN A MOUNTAIN SOCIETY: HUNZA VALLEY IN PAKISTAN Sabine Felmy." In Women and Work in South Asia, 214–26. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315887616-17.

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Adnan, Muhammad, Rana Muhammad Adnan, Shiyin Liu, Muhammad Saifullah, Yasir Latif, and Mudassar Iqbal. "Prediction of Relative Humidity in a High Elevated Basin of Western Karakoram by Using Different Machine Learning Models." In Weather Forecasting [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98226.

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Accurate and reliable prediction of relative humidity is of great importance in all fields concerning global climate change. The current study has employed Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline (MARS) and M5 Tree (M5T) models to predict the relative humidity in the Hunza River basin, Pakistan. Both the models provided the best prediction for the input scenario S6 (RHt-1, RHt-2, RHt-3, Tt-1, Tt-2, Tt-3). The statistical analysis displayed that the MARS model provided a better prediction of relative humidity as compared to M5T at all meteorological stations, especially, at Ziarat followed by Khunjerab and Naltar. The values of root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and coefficient of determination (R2) were (5.98%, 5.43%, and 0.808) for Khunjerab; (6.58%, 5.08%, and 0.806) for Naltar; and (5.86%, 4.97%, 0.815) for Ziarat during the testing of MARS model whereas, the values were (6.14%, 5.56%, and 0.772) for Khunjerab; (6.19%, 5.58% and 0.762) for Naltar and (6.08%, 5.46%, 0.783) for Ziarat during the testing of M5T model. Both the models performed slightly better in training as compared to the testing stage. The current study encourages future research to be conducted at high altitude basins for the prediction of other meteorological variables using machine learning tools.
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Hussain, Shafqat. "Souveraineté multiple et transnationalisme dans un État-nation : Le réseau de la fondation Aga Khan pour le développement dans la province de Hunza au Pakistan." In La fabrique de la démocratie, 217–35. Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l’homme, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.editionsmsh.14934.

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Conference papers on the topic "Hunza (Pakistan)"

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Zaidi, Arjumand Z., Zeenat Yasmeen, and Mohammad Danish Siddiqui. "Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF) risk mapping in Hunza River Basin (Pakistan) using geospatial techniques." In 2013 6th International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies (RAST). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rast.2013.6581198.

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Reports on the topic "Hunza (Pakistan)"

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Nazeer, M. M., S. Z. Al-Jalaly, and S. A. Qutub. Tourism for Local Community Development in the Mountain Areas of NWFP and the Northern Areas of Pakistan; Phase Two - Case Studies of Kalam and Hunza. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.214.

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Nazeer, M. M., S. Z. Al-Jalaly, and S. A. Qutub. Tourism for Local Community Development in the Mountain Areas of NWFP and the Northern Areas of Pakistan; Phase Two - Case Studies of Kalam and Hunza. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.214.

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