Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Hurricane Hugo / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Hurricane Hugo.

Journal articles on the topic 'Hurricane Hugo'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 June 2025

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Hurricane Hugo.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Heaton, Reid, Bo Song, Thomas Williams, William Conner, Zachary Baucom, and Brian Williams. "Twenty-Seven Year Response of South Carolina Coastal Plain Forests Affected by Hurricane Hugo." Plants 12, no. 4 (2023): 691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12040691.

Full text

Abstract:

In 1989, Hurricane Hugo inflicted catastrophic damage on approximately 1.8 million ha of forested land in South Carolina. The purpose of this study was to monitor species compositional shifts and structural changes in several forest types following the hurricane’s disturbance. The immediate consequences of hurricane damage are well documented, but there are few studies based on the long-term compositional and structural changes that may result from hurricane disturbance, especially in temperate forest ecosystems. Forty-two forested plots were monitored within four study areas that received varying degrees of hurricane damage. Inventories included species, damage class, tree diameter, and regeneration. The objectives of this study were (1) to compare the recovery speed of wetland forests (e.g., bottomland hardwood swamps and cypress-tupelo swamps) to that of upland pine and hardwood forests; (2) to discover how the degree of hurricane damage can affect the timing and the pattern of forest recovery in the coastal plain; and (3) to compare individual species response patterns across different forest types and at different levels of initial damage. Over the 27-year period following the hurricane, successional pathways have been variable among plots of different forest types and intensity of initial disturbance. We have observed an expected increase in basal area (BA) following the disturbance. Sapling populations in many species have increased dramatically, and some of these populations have begun to thin in recent years. In several forest types, loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.—not a predominant species in these sites prior to the hurricane) responded quickly and overtook some dominant species in BA and tree/sapling abundance. Several other species that were not a major component of the tree strata (wax myrtle [Morella cerifera (L.) Small], green ash [Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh.], and the invasive Chinese tallow [Triadica sebifera (L.) Small]) showed a large increase in sapling population. Overall, recovery speed and species resilience were specific to forest types and damage severity. The intensity and frequency of hurricanes may increase in the future as sea surface temperatures rise. Understanding how coastal forests respond to major hurricanes in the short-term and the long-term will aid us in preparing for future hurricanes and for potential changes in disturbance regimes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Ehinger, Louis. "Hurricane Hugo Damage." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 17, no. 3 (1991): 82–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1991.022.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Bush, Susan M. "Hurricane Hugo briefing." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 70, no. 49 (1989): 1531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/89eo20377.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Zhang, Jiaying, Tamara Heartsill-Scalley, and Rafael L. Bras. "Forest Structure and Composition Are Critical to Hurricane Mortality." Forests 13, no. 2 (2022): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13020202.

Full text

Abstract:

Hurricanes can cause severe damage to tropical forests. To understand the nature of hurricane impacts, we analyze and compare immediate effects from category-4 hurricane María in 2017 and category-3 hurricane Hugo in 1989 at Bisley Experimental Watersheds (BEW) in the Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico. We show that hurricane María caused lower mortality than hurricane Hugo, even though hurricane María was a stronger event with higher sustained wind. The lower mortality was due to the combination of lower accumulated cyclone energy at the site and more wind-resistant forest structure and composition at the time of disturbance. We compare our study site with a nearby location that has the same forest type, Luquillo Forest Dynamics Plot (LFDP), and describe the similarities and differences of mortality and impact factors between the two sites during the two events. During hurricane Hugo, LFDP experienced much lower mortality than BEW, even though the accumulated cyclone energy at LFDP was higher. The difference in mortality was due to contrasting forest structure and composition of the two sites. Our results demonstrate that forest structure and composition at the time of the disturbance were more critical to hurricane-induced mortality at the two sites than accumulated cyclone energy.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Basnet, Khadga, Gene E. Likens, F. N. Scatena, and Ariel E. Lugo. "Hurricane Hugo: damage to a tropical rain forest in Puerto Rico." Journal of Tropical Ecology 8, no. 01 (1992): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400006076.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACTHurricane Hugo of September 1989 caused severe damage to the rain forest in the north-rust corner of Puerto Rico. We assessed the severity of damage distributed in space, species, and size-classes of trees in the Bisley Watersheds of the Luquillo Experimental Forest. We analyzed pie- and post-hurricane data for vegetation from transects established in 1987 and 1988. The severity of damage was significantly greater in valleys than on ridges and slopes. All the species exceptDacryodes excelsa, Sloanea berteriana, andGuarea guidoniashowed 100% severe damage. Large trees (&gt; 70 cm DBH) were highly susceptible to hurricane damage, but there was no clear pattern in the small size-classes.D. excelsa(tabonuco) was the most resistant to damage by the hurricane. Tabonuco which has extensive root-grafts and root anchorage to bedrock and subsurficial rocks, apparently can survive frequent hurricanes and continue as a dominant species in this montane tropical rain forest. The high frequency of hurricanes, which can override other ecological and topographic factors, may largely determine the overall spatial pattern of species in this rain forest.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

KANDA, Jun. "Report on Hurricane “Hugo”." Wind Engineers, JAWE 1990, no. 42 (1990): 141–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5359/jawe.1990.141.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Edwards, Pam. "Preparing for Hurricane Hugo." Topics in Clinical Nutrition 5, no. 3 (1990): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008486-199007000-00003.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Gannon, Michael R., and Michael R. Willig. "The Effects of Hurricane Hugo on Bats of the Luquillo Experimental Forest of Puerto Rico." Biotropica 26, no. 3 (1994): 320. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13504670.

Full text

Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Natural disturbances can have large effects on ecosystem structure and function depending on their scale, and frequency. On 18 September 1989 Hurricane Hugo struck Puerto Rico, with the eye of the hurrica within 10 km of the Luquillo Experimental Forest. This provided a rare opportunity to evaluate the eff infrequent but large scale and high intensity disturbance on tropical bat species. Data on demographic p of three common phyllostomid bats (Artibeusjamaicensis, Stenoderma rufum, and Monophyllus redmani) wer for three years prior and three years after the hurricane. Population levels as estimated by captures per ne all three species were affected by Hurricane Hugo. Populations of A. jamaicensis and M. redmani retu predisturbance levels within two years. In contrast, population levels of S. rufum declined to about 30 prehurricane levels and have not recovered after three years. Moreover, telemetry data indicate that fora home range size expanded to encompass an area approximately five times larger than its prehurricane size of foraging, in terms of time and energy, may be considerably elevated over prehurricane scenarios. In fact, a s change in the age structure of the population (juvenile individuals have been absent from the popula Hurricane Hugo) as well as significant decline in the percent of reproductively active females indicate a fa reproduce in the posthurricane environment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Gannon, Michael R., and Michael R. Willig. "The Effects of Hurricane Hugo on Bats of the Luquillo Experimental Forest of Puerto Rico." Biotropica 26, no. 3 (1994): 320. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13504670.

Full text

Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Natural disturbances can have large effects on ecosystem structure and function depending on their scale, and frequency. On 18 September 1989 Hurricane Hugo struck Puerto Rico, with the eye of the hurrica within 10 km of the Luquillo Experimental Forest. This provided a rare opportunity to evaluate the eff infrequent but large scale and high intensity disturbance on tropical bat species. Data on demographic p of three common phyllostomid bats (Artibeusjamaicensis, Stenoderma rufum, and Monophyllus redmani) wer for three years prior and three years after the hurricane. Population levels as estimated by captures per ne all three species were affected by Hurricane Hugo. Populations of A. jamaicensis and M. redmani retu predisturbance levels within two years. In contrast, population levels of S. rufum declined to about 30 prehurricane levels and have not recovered after three years. Moreover, telemetry data indicate that fora home range size expanded to encompass an area approximately five times larger than its prehurricane size of foraging, in terms of time and energy, may be considerably elevated over prehurricane scenarios. In fact, a s change in the age structure of the population (juvenile individuals have been absent from the popula Hurricane Hugo) as well as significant decline in the percent of reproductively active females indicate a fa reproduce in the posthurricane environment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Jayakaran, A. D., T. M. Williams, H. Ssegane, D. M. Amatya, B. Song, and C. C. Trettin. "Hurricane impacts on a pair of coastal forested watersheds: implications of selective hurricane damage to forest structure and streamflow dynamics." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 18, no. 3 (2014): 1151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-1151-2014.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Hurricanes are infrequent but influential disruptors of ecosystem processes in the southeastern Atlantic and Gulf coasts. Every southeastern forested wetland has the potential to be struck by a tropical cyclone. We examined the impact of Hurricane Hugo on two paired coastal South Carolina watersheds in terms of streamflow and vegetation dynamics, both before and after the hurricane's passage in 1989. The study objectives were to quantify the magnitude and timing of changes including a reversal in relative streamflow difference between two paired watersheds, and to examine the selective impacts of a hurricane on the vegetative composition of the forest. We related these impacts to their potential contribution to change watershed hydrology through altered evapotranspiration processes. Using over 30 years of monthly rainfall and streamflow data we showed that there was a significant transformation in the hydrologic character of the two watersheds – a transformation that occurred soon after the hurricane's passage. We linked the change in the rainfall–runoff relationship to a catastrophic change in forest vegetation due to selective hurricane damage. While both watersheds were located in the path of the hurricane, extant forest structure varied between the two watersheds as a function of experimental forest management techniques on the treatment watershed. We showed that the primary damage was to older pines, and to some extent larger hardwood trees. We believe that lowered vegetative water use impacted both watersheds with increased outflows on both watersheds due to loss of trees following hurricane impact. However, one watershed was able to recover to pre hurricane levels of evapotranspiration at a quicker rate due to the greater abundance of pine seedlings and saplings in that watershed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Jayakaran, A. D., T. M. Williams, H. Ssegane, D. M. Amatya, B. Song, and C. C. Trettin. "Hurricane impacts on a pair of coastal forested watersheds: implications of selective hurricane damage to forest structure and streamflow dynamics." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 10, no. 9 (2013): 11519–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-11519-2013.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Hurricanes are infrequent but influential disruptors of ecosystem processes in the southeastern Atlantic and Gulf coasts. Every southeastern forested wetland has the potential to be struck by a tropical cyclone. We examined the impact of Hurricane Hugo on two paired coastal watersheds in South Carolina in terms of stream flow and vegetation dynamics, both before and after the hurricane's passage in 1989. The study objectives were to quantify the magnitude and timing of changes including a reversal in relative streamflow-difference between two paired watersheds, and to examine the selective impacts of a hurricane on the vegetative composition of the forest. We related these impacts to their potential contribution to change watershed hydrology through altered evapotranspiration processes. Using over thirty years of monthly rainfall and streamflow data we showed that there was a significant transformation in the hydrologic character of the two watersheds – a transformation that occurred soon after the hurricane's passage. We linked the change in the rainfall-runoff relationship to a catastrophic shift in forest vegetation due to selective hurricane damage. While both watersheds were located in the path of the hurricane, extant forest structure varied between the two watersheds as a function of experimental forest management techniques on the treatment watershed. We showed that the primary damage was to older pines, and to some extent larger hardwood trees. We believe that lowered vegetative water use impacted both watersheds with increased outflows on both watersheds due to loss of trees following hurricane impact. However, one watershed was able to recover to pre hurricane levels of canopy transpiration at a quicker rate due to the greater abundance of pine seedlings and saplings in that watershed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Marsinko, Allan P. C., Thomas J. Straka, and Jeffrey L. Baumann. "Hurricane Hugo: A South Carolina Update." Journal of Forestry 91, no. 9 (1993): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jof/91.9.9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Williams, Thomas M., and Donald J. Lipscomb. "Natural Recovery of Red-Cockaded Woodpecker Cavity Trees After Hurricane Hugo." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 26, no. 4 (2002): 197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/26.4.197.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Cavity trees of red cockaded woodpeckers (Picoides borealis) were monitored on Hobcaw Forest prior to Hurricane Hugo and through April 1996. There were 194 cavity trees in 28 clusters on the forest prior to Hurricane Hugo and 194 in 28 clusters again in April 1996. During that period, 135 cavity trees died: 74 from hurricane wind, 25 from saltwater intrusion, and 36 from wind, lightning, and insects not associated with the hurricane. Five clusters of cavity trees were destroyed or went inactive, and five new clusters were produced by budding. During the period, woodpeckers established new cavities in 135 trees for a complete recovery of cavity trees that had been lost to the hurricane. This recovery occurred without use of cavity inserts, drilled cavities, or translocation of birds. Retrospective comparison of the prehurricane forest to the Private Landowner Guidelines (Costa 1992) showed that habitat met most of the parameters in those guidelines prior to the hurricane. After all hurricane-induced mortality, clusters remained active despite available forage well below the 3000 ft2 of total basal area in large pines recommended in the guidelines. In fact, two clusters were produced by budding from clusters with less than the recommended potential forage. Survival of adequate longleaf pine for new cavities appeared to be the most important factor in recovery. South. J. Appl. For. 26(4):197–206.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Gannon, Michael R., and Michael R. Willig. "The Effects of Hurricane Hugo on Bats of the Luquillo Experimental Forest of Puerto Rico." Biotropica 26, no. 3 (1994): 320–31. https://doi.org/10.2307/2388854.

Full text

Abstract:

Natural disturbances can have large effects on ecosystem structure and function depending on their scale, intensity, and frequency. On 18 September 1989 Hurricane Hugo struck Puerto Rico, with the eye of the hurricane passing within 10 km of the Luquillo Experimental Forest. This provided a rare opportunity to evaluate the effects of an infrequent but large scale and high intensity disturbance on tropical bat species. Data on demographic parameters of three common phyllostomid bats (<i>Artibeus jamaicensis</i>. <i>Stenoderma rufum</i>, and <i>Monophyllus redmani</i>) were examined for three years prior and three years after the hurricane. Population levels as estimated by captures per net hour of all three species were affected by Hurricane Hugo. Populations of <i>A. jamaicensis</i> and <i>M. redmani</i> returned to predisturbance levels within two years. In contrast, population levels of <i>S. rufum</i> declined to about 30 percent of prehurricane levels and have not recovered after three years. Moreover, telemetry data indicate that foraging and home range size expanded to encompass an area approximately five times larger than its prehurricane size. The cost of foraging, in terms of time and energy, may be considerably elevated over prehurricane scenarios. In fact, a significant change in the age structure of the population (juvenile individuals have been absent from the population since Hurricane Hugo) as well as significant decline in the percent of reproductively active females indicate a failure to reproduce in the posthurricane environment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

J. D. Harmon, G. F. Grandle, and C. L. Barth. "EFFECTS OF HURRICANE HUGO ON AGRICULTURAL STRUCTURES." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 8, no. 1 (1992): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.26038.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Olson, Melodie, Nancee Sneed, Ramita Bonadonna, Janet Ratliff, and James Dias. "Therapeutic Touch and Post-Hurricane Hugo Stress." Journal of Holistic Nursing 10, no. 2 (1992): 120–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089801019201000204.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Saffir, Herbert S. "Hurricane Hugo: Lessons for the Design Engineer." Structural Engineering International 2, no. 1 (1992): 65–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686692780616995.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Griswold, J. S., T. L. Lightle, and J. G. Lovelady. "Hurricane Hugo: effect on state government communications." IEEE Communications Magazine 28, no. 6 (1990): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/35.56222.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Baumann, David P., William E. Mahan, and Walter E. Rhodes. "EFFECTS OF HURRICANE HUGO ON THE FRANCIS MARION NATIONAL FOREST WILD TURKEY POPULATION." Wildlife Society Bulletin 1995, S1 (1995): 55–60. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2328-5540.1995.tb00212.x.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract:The Francis Marion National Forest (FMNF) is an important area for wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) in South Carolina. On 21 September 1989, Hurricane Hugo, a category IV storm, struck the South Carolina coast, and the strongest winds swept across the FMNF. Over 1 billion board feet of timber were damaged or destroyed. To determine the effects of Hurricane Hugo on the FMNF wild turkey population, we examined spring turkey harvest and reproduction pre‐ and post‐Hugo. Prior to Hugo, the spring turkey harvest increased at a mean annual rate of 18% on the FMNF and 25% statewide. Following the storm, the harvest declined 22% per year on the FMNF, whereas the statewide spring harvest increased 4% annually. Mean number of hens with poults (P = 0.07), brood size (P = 0.008), gobblers observed (P = 0.018), total turkeys observed (P = 0.011), and recruitment ratio (P = 0.006) have declined since the storm. The negative habitat alterations from Hurricane Hugo that occurred on the FMNF were responsible for the decline in the wild turkey population.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Zhao, Dehai, Bruce Allen, and Rebecca R. Sharitz. "Twelve year response of old-growth southeastern bottomland hardwood forests to disturbance from Hurricane Hugo." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 36, no. 12 (2006): 3136–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x06-204.

Full text

Abstract:

The influence of wind damage from Hurricane Hugo on bottomland forest community structure and composition over a 12 year period was evaluated using data generated from repeated measurements in permanent plots. The resistance and responsiveness of the forests to hurricane disturbance at the community level are dependent on the prehurricane species composition and structure. However, there is no evidence to support the hypothesis that forests with higher species diversity are more resistant to hurricane disturbances. The hurricane disturbance does restructure species composition and may enrich species diversity, but the evidence of diversity enrichment is not strong. The effects of the hurricane on the succession of the bottomland forests are complex at the tree population level: both promoting colonization of some shade-intolerant pioneer species and removing other established pioneers. Changes in community composition and structure suggest that hurricane disturbance can accelerate succession of the bottomland hardwood forests.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Schaefer, Douglas A., William H. McDowell, Fredrick N. Scatena, and Clyde E. Asbury. "Effects of hurricane disturbance on stream water concentrations and fluxes in eight tropical forest watersheds of the Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico." Journal of Tropical Ecology 16, no. 2 (2000): 189–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400001358.

Full text

Abstract:

Stream water chemistry responds substantially to watershed disturbances, but hurricane effects have not been extensively investigated in tropical regions. This study presents a long-term (2.5–11 y) weekly record of stream water chemistry on eight forested watersheds (catchment basins) in the Luquillo Mountains of Puerto Rico. This includes a period before and at least 2 y after the disturbance caused by the 1989 Hurricane Hugo. Nitrate, potassium and ammonium concentrations increased after the hurricane and remained elevated for up to 2 y. Sulphate, chloride, sodium, magnesium and calcium showed smaller relative significant changes. Average stream water exports of potassium, nitrate and ammonium increased by 13.1, 3.6 and 0.54 kg ha−1 y−1 in the first post-hurricane year across all watersheds. These represent increases of 119, 182 and 102% respectively, compared to the other years of record. The increased stream outputs of potassium and nitrogen in the first 2 y post-hurricane are equivalent to 3% (potassium) and 1% (nitrogen) of the hurricane-derived plant litter. Effects of hurricanes on tropical stream water potassium and nitrogen can be greater than those caused by canopy gaps or limited forest cutting, but less than those following large-scale deforestation or fire.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Faupel, Charles E., Susan P. Kelley, and Thomas Petee. "The Impact of Disaster Education on Household Preparedness for Hurricane Hugo." International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 10, no. 1 (1992): 5–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072709201000101.

Full text

Abstract:

This article examines the impact of disaster education on hurricane preparedness among residents in Charleston, South Carolina. The article examines (1) the impact of participation in disaster education programs generally; (2) the impact of hurricane experience as a type of education; and (3) the impact of participation in earthquake specific education programs to determine whether there is any transference of knowledge across agent types. Two indices of preparedness are used: household planning activities, and adaptive response activities. It was found that participation in some type of disaster education program is strongly related to the preparedness measures. Hurricane experience has some minimal effect on adaptive response but not on household planning. Participation in the earthquake specific education programs is not a significant predictor when controlling for other variables.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Straka, Thomas J., Allan P. Marsinko, Jeffrey L. Baumann, and Robert G. Haight. "Site Preparation and Tree Planting Costs on Hurricane-Damaged Lands in South Carolina." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 19, no. 3 (1995): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/19.3.131.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Hurricane Hugo damaged 4.5 million ac of South Carolina forestland in 1989; 1.2 million of these acres required reforestation. Much of this acreage required site preparation. This article presents the major types of site preparation utilized after a natural disaster like Hurricane Hugo and contrasts the costs of these operations with those on conventional sites. In general, site preparation operations on hurricane-damaged lands ranged from 6% to 54% more costly than those on conventional sites. Tree planting costs by amount of residue and site preparation practice are presented. Limited data are presented on related chemical control and timber stand improvement costs. Low-cost regeneration alternatives are also discussed. South. J. Appl. For. 19(3):131-138.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Scatena, F. N., and M. C. Larsen. "Physical Aspects of Hurricane Hugo in Puerto Rico." Biotropica 23, no. 4 (1991): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2388247.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Chubon, Sandra J. "Home Care During the Aftermath of Hurricane Hugo." Public Health Nursing 9, no. 2 (1992): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1446.1992.tb00082.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Weinrich, Sally, Sally B. Hardin, and Maggie Johnson. "Nurses respond to hurricane Hugo victims' disaster stress." Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 4, no. 3 (1990): 195–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0883-9417(90)90009-a.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Hardin, Sally Brosz, Martin Weinrich, Carol Garrison, Sally Weinrich, and Thomas L. Hardin. "Psychological distress of adolescents exposed to Hurricane Hugo." Journal of Traumatic Stress 7, no. 3 (1994): 427–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jts.2490070308.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Bloch, Christopher P., and Michael R. Willig. "Context-dependence of long-term responses of terrestrial gastropod populations to large-scale disturbance." Journal of Tropical Ecology 22, no. 2 (2006): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467405002853.

Full text

Abstract:

Large-scale natural disturbances, such as hurricanes, can have profound effects on animal populations. Nonetheless, generalizations about the effects of disturbance are elusive, and few studies consider long-term responses of a single population or community to multiple large-scale disturbance events. In the last 20 y, two major hurricanes (Hugo and Georges) have struck the island of Puerto Rico. Long-term population trends of 17 species of terrestrial gastropod were evaluated to determine whether gastropods respond to hurricane disturbances in a consistent fashion. Some species increased, some decreased, and some exhibited no simple trend in density or spatial variability following disturbance. In addition, some species responded differently to the two hurricanes with respect to population density, absolute spatial variability, or relative spatial variability. Population responses probably hinge on trade-offs between sensitivity to microclimatic changes and resource availability resulting from the relocation of biomass from the canopy to the forest floor. The historical context within which a hurricane occurs may be as important, or more so, than the intensity of the storm, per se.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Zhang, Jun A., Frank D. Marks, Michael T. Montgomery, and Sylvie Lorsolo. "An Estimation of Turbulent Characteristics in the Low-Level Region of Intense Hurricanes Allen (1980) and Hugo (1989)." Monthly Weather Review 139, no. 5 (2011): 1447–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010mwr3435.1.

Full text

Abstract:

This study analyzes the flight-level data collected by research aircraft that penetrated the eyewalls of category 5 Hurricane Hugo (1989) and category 4 Hurricane Allen (1980) between 1 km and the sea surface. Estimates of turbulent momentum flux, turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), and vertical eddy diffusivity are obtained before and during the eyewall penetrations. Spatial scales of turbulent eddies are determined through a spectral analysis. The turbulence parameters estimated for the eyewall penetration leg are found to be nearly an order of magnitude larger than those for the leg outside the eyewall at similar altitudes. In the low-level intense eyewall region, the horizontal length scale of the dominant turbulent eddies is found to be between 500 and 3000 m, and the corresponding vertical length scale is approximately 100 m. The results suggest also that it is unwise to include eyewall vorticity maxima (EVM) in the turbulence parameter estimation because the EVMs are likely to be quasi-two-dimensional vortex structures that are embedded within the three-dimensional turbulence on the inside edge of the eyewall. This study is a first attempt at estimating the characteristics of turbulent flow in the low-level troposphere of an intense eyewall using in situ aircraft observations. The authors believe that the results can offer useful guidance in numerical weather prediction efforts aimed at improving the forecast of hurricane intensity. Because of the small sample size analyzed in this study, further analyses of the turbulent characteristics in the high-wind region of hurricanes are imperative.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Weddle, Michael, and Hugo Prado-Monje. "Utilization of Military Support in the Response to Hurricane Marilyn: Implications for Future Military-Civilian Cooperation." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 14, no. 2 (1999): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00027321.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractIntroduction:The past decade has been a period of evolution for the Federal disaster response system within the United States. Two domestic hurricanes were pivotal events that influenced the methods used for organizing Federal disaster assistance. The lessons of Hurricane Hugo (1989) and Hurricane Andrew (1992) were incorporated into the successful response to Hurricane Marilyn in the U.S. Virgin Islands in 1995. Following each of these storms, the Department of Defense was a major component of the response by the health sector. Despite progress in many areas, lack of clear communication between military and civilian managers and confusion among those requesting Department of Defense health resources may remain as obstacles to rapid response.Methods:This discussion is based on an unpublished case report utilizing interviews with military and civilian managers involved in the Hurricane Marilyn response.Results:The findings suggest that out-of-channel pathways normally utilized in the warning and emergency phase of the response remained operational after more formal civilian-military communication pathways and local assessment capability had been established.Conclusion:It is concluded that delays may be avoided if the system in place was to make all active pathways for the request and validation of military resources visible to the designated Federal managers located within the area of operations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Zhang, Jun A., and Michael T. Montgomery. "Observational Estimates of the Horizontal Eddy Diffusivity and Mixing Length in the Low-Level Region of Intense Hurricanes." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 69, no. 4 (2012): 1306–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-11-0180.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract This study examines further the characteristics of turbulent flow in the low-level region of intense hurricanes using in situ aircraft observations. The data analyzed here are the flight-level data collected by research aircraft that penetrated the eyewalls of category-5 Hurricane Hugo (1989), category-4 Hurricane Allen (1980), and category-5 Hurricane David (1979) between 1 km and the sea surface. Estimates of horizontal eddy momentum flux, horizontal eddy diffusivity, and horizontal mixing length are obtained. It is found that the horizontal momentum flux and horizontal diffusivity increase with increasing wind speed. The horizontal mixing length increases slightly with wind speed also, but the mixing length is not significantly dependent on the wind speed. The magnitude of the horizontal momentum flux is found to be comparable to that of the vertical momentum flux, indicating that horizontal mixing by turbulence becomes nonnegligible in the hurricane boundary layer, especially in the eyewall region. Within the context of simple K theory, the results suggest that the average horizontal eddy diffusivity and mixing length are approximately 1500 m2 s−1 and 750 m, respectively, at about 500 m in the eyewall region corresponding to the mean wind speed of approximately 52 m s−1. It is recalled also that the mixing length is a virtual scale in numerical models and is quantitatively smaller than the energy-containing scale of turbulent eddies. The distinction between these two scales is a useful reminder for the modeling community on the representation of small-scale turbulence in hurricanes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Ward, John H. "A Review of Numerical Forecast Guidance for Hurricane Hugo." Weather and Forecasting 5, no. 3 (1990): 416–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0434(1990)005<0416:aronfg>2.0.co;2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Thompson, Martie P., Fran H. Norris, and Betty Hanacek. "Age differences in the psychological consequences of Hurricane Hugo." Psychology and Aging 8, no. 4 (1993): 606–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.8.4.606.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Hardin, Sally Brosz, Linda Carbaugh, Sally Weinrich, Daniel Pesut, and Christopher Carbaugh. "Stressors and Coping in Adolescents Exposed to Hurricane Hugo." Issues in Mental Health Nursing 13, no. 3 (1992): 191–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01612849209078773.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Chinea, Jesus D. "Changes in the herbaceous and vine communities at the Bisley Experimental Watersheds, Puerto Rico, following Hurricane Hugo." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 29, no. 9 (1999): 1433–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x99-108.

Full text

Abstract:

While herbaceous species and vines constitute a minor portion of the biomass in tropical closed forest ecosystems, they account for a substantial portion of the diversity of these ecosystems and become more conspicuous after natural disturbances. This study describes the changes in abundance and diversity of the herbs and vines during 5 years following Hurricane Hugo at the Bisley Experimental Watersheds, Puerto Rico. The cover of herbs, ferns, and vine species was sampled within a 5-m2 area in 25 randomly chosen circular permanent plots within the 13 ha of these watersheds. Sampling was done 12, 18, 36, 48, and 60 months after the hurricane. One year after the hurricane the overall mean herbaceous cover in the watersheds was 55%. Four years later, the cover and species richness of herbs and vines, but not ferns, had been significantly reduced. The only change in species diversity (H') was a significant increase in ferns. These changes are explained in terms of the extent and spatial variability of the hurricane damage, as well as changes in the tree component of this ecosystem.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Bologna, Campanella, Restaino, Fetske, Lourenco, and Smalley. "Lingering Impacts of Hurricane Hugo on Rhizophora mangle (Red Mangrove) Population Genetics on St. John, USVI." Diversity 11, no. 4 (2019): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d11040065.

Full text

Abstract:

Stochastic events can have catastrophic effects on island populations through a series of genetic stressors from reduced population size. We investigated five populations of red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) from St. John, USVI, an UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, which were impacted by Hurricane Hugo in 1989. Our goal was to determine diversity and to ascertain potential population bottlenecks two decades after the event. With the lowest observed heterozygosity, highest inbreeding coefficient, and evidence of a major bottleneck, our results demonstrated that the Great Lameshur mangroves, devastated by Hurricane Hugo, were the least diverse stand of trees. The other four populations from St. John manifested diversity reflecting the vegetation patterns of “fringing” mangrove or “developed forest” characteristics. The two fringing mangrove populations (Hurricane Hole and New Found Bay) evinced low observed heterozygosity and high inbreeding coefficients, while the fully forested sites showed higher heterozygosity and lower inbreeding frequencies. As such, fringing mangroves may be at greater risk to disturbance events and especially susceptible to sea level rise since they do not have room landward to expand. Our pair-wise population analysis indicated genetic similarity between the hurricane-damaged Great Lameshur and Coral Bay population, whose propagules were used in previous restoration attempts and is the geographically closest population. While the effective population size for Great Lameshur Bay places it in risk of genetic dysfunction, future rehabilitation of the site may be possible by the introduction of propagules from other regions of the island. However, recovery will ultimately be contingent upon hydrological connectivity and environmental improvements.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Francis, John, and Andrew Gillespie. "Relating Gust Speed to Tree Damage in Hurricane Hugo, 1989." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 19, no. 6 (1993): 368–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1993.057.

Full text

Abstract:

From 17 through 19 September 1989 Hurricane Hugo passed through the Antilles from Guadalupe to Puerto Rico, causing severe damage to ornamental and shade trees. Damage to 1226 trees of 81 species on 18 urban and rural sites was related to maximum wind gust speeds. Damage (defoliation, minor branch breakage, major branch breakage, trunk snap, and tipping) began at gust speeds of about 60 km/hr, increased rapidly with gust speeds to about 130 km/hr, and although highly variable, did not worsen at higher gust speeds. The most severe forms of damage are apparently avoided if the crown surface area is reduced quickly by loss of leaves and twigs. Palms were more wind resistant than broadleaved trees.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Marks, Frank D., Peter G. Black, Michael T. Montgomery, and Robert W. Burpee. "Structure of the Eye and Eyewall of Hurricane Hugo (1989)." Monthly Weather Review 136, no. 4 (2008): 1237–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007mwr2073.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract On 15 September 1989, one of NOAA’s WP-3D research aircraft, N42RF [lower aircraft (LA)], penetrated the eyewall of Hurricane Hugo. The aircraft had an engine fail in severe turbulence while passing the radius of maximum wind and before entering the eye at 450-m altitude. After the aircraft returned to controlled flight within the 7-km radius eye, it gained altitude gradually as it orbited in the eye. Observations taken during this period provide an updated model of the inner-core structure of an intense hurricane and suggest that LA penetrated an intense cyclonic vorticity maximum adjacent to the strongest convection in the eyewall [eyewall vorticity maximum (EVM)]. This EVM was distinct from the vortex-scale cyclonic circulation observed to orbit within the eye three times during the 1 h that LA circled in the eye. At the time, Hugo had been deepening rapidly for 12 h. The maximum flight-level tangential wind was 89 m s−1 at a radius of 12.5 km; however, the primary vortex peak tangential wind, derived from a 100-s filter of the flight-level data, was estimated to be 70 m s−1, also at 12.5-km radius. The primary vortex tangential wind was in approximate gradient wind balance, was characterized by a peak in angular velocity just inside the radius of maximum wind, and had an annular vorticity structure slightly interior to the angular velocity maximum. The EVM along the aircraft’s track was roughly 1 km in diameter with a peak cyclonic vorticity of 1.25 × 10−1 s−1. The larger circulation center, with a diameter &gt;15 km, was observed within the eye and exhibited an average orbital period of 19 min. This period is about the same as that of the angular velocity maximum of the axisymmetric mean vortex and is in reasonable agreement with recent theoretical and model predictions of a persistent trochoidal “wobble” of circulation centers in mature hurricane-like vortices. This study is the first with in situ documentation of these vortical entities, which were recently hypothesized to be elements of a lower-tropospheric eye/eyewall mixing mechanism that supports strong storms.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Faupel, Charles E., and Susan P. Styles. "Disaster Education, Household Preparedness, and Stress Responses Following Hurricane Hugo." Environment and Behavior 25, no. 2 (1993): 228–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013916593252004.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Sparks, P. R., G. T. Reid, W. D. Reid, S. Welsh, and N. Welsh. "Wind conditions in Hurricane Hugo by measurement, inference, and experience." Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 41, no. 1-3 (1992): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(92)90393-o.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

PHILEN, ROSSANNE M., DEBRA L. COMBS, LYNN MILLER, LEE M. SANDERSON, R. GIBSON PARRISH, and ROY ING. "Hurricane Hugo-related Deaths: South Carolina and Puerto Rico, 1989." Disasters 16, no. 1 (1992): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7717.1992.tb00375.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Meloche, Stephen D. "An eyewitness account of Hurricane Hugo, 21-22 September 1989." Weather 54, no. 4 (1999): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1477-8696.1999.tb06434.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Kinnucan, Henry W. "Timber price dynamics after a natural disaster: Hurricane Hugo revisited." Journal of Forest Economics 25 (December 2016): 115–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfe.2016.09.002.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Schowalter, Timothy D., Manoj Pandey, Steven J. Presley, Michael R. Willig, and Jess K. Zimmerman. "Arthropods are not declining but are responsive to disturbance in the Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 2 (2021): e2002556117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002556117.

Full text

Abstract:

A number of recent studies have documented long-term declines in abundances of important arthropod groups, primarily in Europe and North America. These declines are generally attributed to habitat loss, but a recent study [B.C. Lister, A. Garcia, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 115, E10397–E10406 (2018)] from the Luquillo Experimental Forest (LEF) in Puerto Rico attributed declines to global warming. We analyze arthropod data from the LEF to evaluate long-term trends within the context of hurricane-induced disturbance, secondary succession, and temporal variation in temperature. Our analyses demonstrate that responses to hurricane-induced disturbance and ensuing succession were the primary factors that affected total canopy arthropod abundances on host trees, as well as walkingstick abundance on understory shrubs. Ambient and understory temperatures played secondary roles for particular arthropod species, but populations were just as likely to increase as they were to decrease in abundance with increasing temperature. The LEF is a hurricane-mediated system, with major hurricanes effecting changes in temperature that are larger than those induced thus far by global climate change. To persist, arthropods in the LEF must contend with the considerable variation in abiotic conditions associated with repeated, large-scale, and increasingly frequent pulse disturbances. Consequently, they are likely to be well-adapted to the effects of climate change, at least over the short term. Total abundance of canopy arthropods after Hurricane Maria has risen to levels comparable to the peak after Hurricane Hugo. Although the abundances of some taxa have declined over the 29-y period, others have increased, reflecting species turnover in response to disturbance and secondary succession.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Aberson, Sim D., Jun A. Zhang, and Kelly Nuñez Ocasio. "An Extreme Event in the Eyewall of Hurricane Felix on 2 September 2007." Monthly Weather Review 145, no. 6 (2017): 2083–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-16-0364.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract During a routine penetration into Hurricane Felix late on 2 September 2007, NOAA42 encountered extreme turbulence and graupel, flight-level horizontal wind gusts of over 83 m s−1, and vertical wind speeds varying from 10 m s−1 downward to 31 m s−1 upward and back to nearly 7 m s−1 downward within 1 min. This led the plane to rise nearly 300 m and then return to its original level within that time. Though a dropwindsonde was released during this event, the radars and data systems on board the aircraft were rendered inoperable, limiting the amount of data obtained. The feature observed during the flight is shown to be similar to that encountered during flights into Hurricanes Hugo (1989) and Patricia (2015), and by a dropwindsonde released into a misovortex in Hurricane Isabel (2003). This paper describes a unique dataset of a small-scale feature that appears to be prevalent in very intense tropical cyclones, providing new evidence for eye–eyewall mixing processes that may be related to intensity change.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Zhang, Jiaying, Tamara Heartsill-Scalley, and Rafael L. Bras. "Parsing Long-Term Tree Recruitment, Growth, and Mortality to Identify Hurricane Effects on Structural and Compositional Change in a Tropical Forest." Forests 13, no. 5 (2022): 796. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13050796.

Full text

Abstract:

After hurricane disturbances in tropical forests, the size structure and species composition are affected by immediate mortality, and subsequent recruitment and individual growth. Often, immediate post-disturbance stand-level data are presented but understanding of the components that affect changes in growth and longer-term responses to forest structure and composition are lacking. To answer questions about how mortality, recruitment, and growth change among successional Plant Functional Types (PFT) through time after a hurricane disturbance, we use long-term census data (1989–2014) collected in the Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico. We developed an algorithm to fill missing diameter data from the long-term data set that was collected three months after Hurricane Hugo; and subsequently at five-year intervals. Both the immediate hurricane-induced mortality and subsequent mortality were lower in stems with larger diameters, but varied among successional PFTs Early, Mid, Late, and Palm. Tree growth rates were observed to decrease with time since the hurricane disturbance. Five years after the hurricane, mortality was minimal but then increased gradually with time. In contrast, recruitment was highest five years after the hurricane and then decreased with time. The palm Prestoea montana became the most abundant species in the forest after the hurricane, as it had the lowest immediate hurricane-induced and subsequent mortality, and the highest recruitment. Twenty-five years after the hurricane, the palm and the Late PFT dominate the forest after shifting species composition from pre-hurricane conditions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Gresham, C. A., T. M. Williams, and D. J. Lipscomb. "Hurricane Hugo Wind Damage to Southeastern U.S. Coastal Forest Tree Species." Biotropica 23, no. 4 (1991): 420. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2388261.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Woolbright, Lawrence L. "The Impact of Hurricane Hugo on Forest Frogs in Puerto Rico." Biotropica 23, no. 4 (1991): 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2388267.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Alliss, Randall J., Sethu Raman, and Simon W. Chang. "Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) Observations of Hurricane Hugo (1989)." Monthly Weather Review 120, no. 12 (1992): 2723–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1992)120<2723:ssmooh>2.0.co;2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Powell, Mark D., Peter P. Dodge, and Michael L. Black. "The Landfall of Hurricane Hugo in the Carolinas: Surface Wind Distribution." Weather and Forecasting 6, no. 3 (1991): 379–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0434(1991)006<0379:tlohhi>2.0.co;2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!