Relevant bibliographies by topics / Hurricanes in Florida

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Hurricanes in Florida'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Hurricanes in Florida"

1

Jagger, Thomas H., and James B. Elsner. "Hurricane Clusters in the Vicinity of Florida." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 51, no. 5 (May 2012): 869–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-11-0107.1.

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AbstractModels that predict annual U.S. hurricane activity assume a Poisson distribution for the counts. Here the authors show that this assumption applied to Florida hurricanes leads to a forecast that underpredicts both the number of years without hurricanes and the number of years with three or more hurricanes. The underdispersion in forecast counts arises from a tendency for hurricanes to arrive in groups along this part of the coastline. The authors then develop an extension to their earlier statistical model that assumes that the rate of hurricane clusters follows a Poisson distribution with cluster size capped at two hurricanes. Hindcasts from the cluster model better fit the distribution of Florida hurricanes conditional on the climate covariates including the North Atlantic Oscillation and Southern Oscillation index. Results are similar to models that parameterize the extra-Poisson variation in the observed counts, including the negative binomial and the Poisson inverse Gaussian models. The authors argue, however, that the cluster model is physically consistent with the way Florida hurricanes tend to arrive in groups.
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Salvatore, James J., Mark A. Ritenour, Brian T. Scully, and L. Gene Albrigo. "(91) Yield Recovery of Commercial Citrus Trees Impacted by the 2004 and 2005 Florida Hurricanes." HortScience 41, no. 4 (July 2006): 1022D—1022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1022d.

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Up to three hurricanes (Charley, Frances, and Jeanne) passed over the same citrus-producing areas of Florida in August and September 2004. In October 2005, hurricane Wilma also passed over South Florida. We began evaluating citrus tree recovery in four commercial groves (red and white grapefruit, and `Murcott' tangerine) following the 2004 hurricanes to determine how quickly commercial groves recover following such catastrophic events. We previously reported that, among other things, even branches formed after the last 2004 hurricane matured sufficiently to flower the following spring, but to a lesser extent than older shoots. Here, we report hurricane effects on tree yield, fruit quality, and shelf life. Fruit loss was dramatic following the 2004 hurricanes (>90%). Fruit loss was also substantial following hurricane Wilma, with `Murcott' yields reduced 18% and grapefruit yields reduced 58%-65%. However, in comparison to 2003 pre-hurricane yields, yields following hurricane Wilma declined only 9% for `Murcott,' and 26%-40% for grapefruit. These yield reductions are less than the fruit lost due to the present year's hurricane. Therefore, the citrus trees studied demonstrated tremendous resilience and, if not for another hurricane the following year, would have likely exceeded pre-hurricane yields only 1 year after the devastating 2004 hurricanes. Effects of the hurricanes on harvested fruit quality and shelf life will also be discussed.
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Carlson, Douglas B., D. Diane Richards, and Joshua E. Reilly. "Hurricane Preparedness and Response Along Florida's Central-East Coast: Indian River Mosquito Control District's Experiences Over the Years." Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 36, no. 2s (June 1, 2020): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2987/19-6875s.1.

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ABSTRACT The hurricane is no stranger to longtime residents of Florida's east coast. In 1979, after about 15 years of local inactivity, Hurricane David made landfall in West Palm Beach. Thirteen years later and 100 miles south, category 5 Hurricane Andrew caused catastrophic damage when it hit the city of Homestead in the Miami-Dade area. In 2004, the counties along the east coast of central Florida were hit by 2 devastating hurricanes, Frances and Jeanne, that made landfall at Sewall's Point just 20 days apart. The very next year, Hurricane Wilma made landfall near Everglades City as a Category 3 storm. After a decade of relief, a glancing blow from Hurricane Matthew struck in 2016, only to be followed by the extremely devastating Hurricane Irma just 1 year later. Each of these hurricanes caused significant property damage and mosquito problems for the Florida residents affected by these storms. In 1997, the Indian River Mosquito Control District (IRMCD) developed a hurricane preparedness plan outlining the appropriate action to be taken depending on the severity of the approaching storm. The IRMCD has also learned to negotiate the intricacies of the Federal Emergency Management Agency's reimbursement program, thus reducing the financial impact to the District. This paper provides an overview of how IRMCD has prepared, reacted, and followed-up with the seemingly constant parade of hurricanes that have threatened and affected the east coast over time.
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Banks, DVM, MPH, Laura L., Mark B. Shah, MD, and Michael E. Richards, MD, MPA. "Effective healthcare system response to consecutive Florida hurricanes." American Journal of Disaster Medicine 2, no. 6 (November 1, 2007): 285–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajdm.2007.0038.

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In September 2004, two consecutive hurricanes (Hurricane Frances and Hurricane Jeanne) made landfall in Stuart, FL, and created healthcare needs that overtaxed the capacity of the local healthcare system. To determine the character and structure of the response to these hurricanes, researchers from the University of New Mexico, Center for Disaster Medicine conducted both a structured written survey of employees and a guided group interview with healthcare system management. The written survey queried staff on topics related to their ability and willingness to get to work and stay at work during the storms. The roundtable interview with leadership resulted in analysis of the preexisting Emergency Operations Plan and its use during the storms, including preparation and execution of plans for staffing, facility operation, communication, community resource utilization, and recovery. In addition, the interaction with federally deployed Disaster Medical Assistance Teams was documented and reviewed. In general, prior planning on the part of the healthcare system in Stuart, FL, resulted in a successful response to both hurricanes. Employees were willing and able to provide the necessary care for patients during the hurricanes, overcoming many physical and emotional barriers that arose during the month-long response. These barriers included concern for the safety of family and pets, inoperable or insufficient communication methods, and damage to employees’ personal property and homes. Recommendations for healthcare system preparedness and response were formulated by the researchers based on this healthcare system’s successful response to back-to-back hurricanes, including recommendations for interacting with disaster medical resources.
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Malmstadt, Jill C., James B. Elsner, and Thomas H. Jagger. "Risk of Strong Hurricane Winds to Florida Cities." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 49, no. 10 (October 1, 2010): 2121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jamc2420.1.

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Abstract A statistical procedure for estimating the risk of strong winds from hurricanes is demonstrated and applied to several major cities in Florida. The procedure, called the hurricane risk calculator, provides an estimate of wind risk over different length periods and can be applied to any location experiencing this hazard. Results show that the city of Miami can expect to see hurricane winds blowing at 50 m s−1 [45.5–54.5 m s−1 is the 90% confidence interval (CI)] or stronger, on average, once every 12 yr. In comparison, the city of Pensacola can expect to see hurricane winds of 50 m s−1 (46.9–53.1 m s−1, 90% CI) or stronger once every 24 yr. A quantile regression is applied to hurricane wind speeds in the vicinity of Florida. Results show that the strongest hurricanes are getting stronger as a consequence of higher offshore intensification rates.
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Grabich, Shannon C., Whitney R. Robinson, Charles E. Konrad, and Jennifer A. Horney. "Impact of Hurricane Exposure on Reproductive Health Outcomes, Florida, 2004." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 11, no. 4 (January 17, 2017): 407–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2016.158.

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AbstractObjectivePrenatal hurricane exposure may be an increasingly important contributor to poor reproductive health outcomes. In the current literature, mixed associations have been suggested between hurricane exposure and reproductive health outcomes. This may be due, in part, to residual confounding. We assessed the association between hurricane exposure and reproductive health outcomes by using a difference-in-difference analysis technique to control for confounding in a cohort of Florida pregnancies.MethodsWe implemented a difference-in-difference analysis to evaluate hurricane weather and reproductive health outcomes including low birth weight, fetal death, and birth rate. The study population for analysis included all Florida pregnancies conceived before or during the 2003 and 2004 hurricane season. Reproductive health data were extracted from vital statistics records from the Florida Department of Health. In 2004, 4 hurricanes (Charley, Frances, Ivan, and Jeanne) made landfall in rapid succession; whereas in 2003, no hurricanes made landfall in Florida.ResultsOverall models using the difference-in-difference analysis showed no association between exposure to hurricane weather and reproductive health.ConclusionsThe inconsistency of the literature on hurricane exposure and reproductive health may be in part due to biases inherent in pre-post or regression-based county-level comparisons. We found no associations between hurricane exposure and reproductive health. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:407–411)
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Jones, J. W. "Hurricanes and Florida Agriculture." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 126, no. 3-4 (November 2004): 297–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2004.05.006.

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Klein, Ryan W., Andrew K. Koeser, Brian Kane, Shawn M. Landry, Heather Shields, Stephen Lloyd, and Gail Hansen. "Evaluating the Likelihood of Tree Failure in Naples, Florida (United States) Following Hurricane Irma." Forests 11, no. 5 (April 25, 2020): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11050485.

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Trees in residential landscapes provide many benefits, but can injure persons and damage property when they fail. In hurricane-prone regions like Florida, USA, the regular occurrence of hurricanes has provided an opportunity to assess factors that influence the likelihood of wind-induced tree failure and develop species failure profiles. We assessed open-grown trees in Naples, Florida, following the passage of Hurricane Irma in September 2017 to determine the effect of relevant factors on the degree of damage sustained by individual trees. Of 4034 assessed individuals (n = 15 species), 74% sustained no damage, 4% sustained only minor damage (i.e., minimal corrective pruning needed), 6% sustained significant damage (i.e., major corrective pruning needed), and 15% were whole-tree failures (i.e., overturned trees or trees requiring removal). The proportion of individuals in each damage category varied among species, stem diameter at 1.4 m above ground, and the presence of utility lines, which was a proxy for maintenance. We compared our results with the findings of seven previous hurricanes in the region to explore species’ resilience in hurricanes.
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Elsner, James B., Sarah E. Strazzo, Thomas H. Jagger, Timothy LaRow, and Ming Zhao. "Sensitivity of Limiting Hurricane Intensity to SST in the Atlantic from Observations and GCMs." Journal of Climate 26, no. 16 (August 6, 2013): 5949–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-12-00433.1.

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Abstract A statistical model for the intensity of the strongest hurricanes has been developed and a new methodology introduced for estimating the sensitivity of the strongest hurricanes to changes in sea surface temperature. Here, the authors use this methodology on observed hurricanes and hurricanes generated from two global climate models (GCMs). Hurricanes over the North Atlantic Ocean during the period 1981–2010 show a sensitivity of 7.9 ± 1.19 m s−1 K−1 (standard error; SE) when over seas warmer than 25°C. In contrast, hurricanes over the same region and period generated from the GFDL High Resolution Atmospheric Model (HiRAM) show a significantly lower sensitivity with the highest at 1.8 ± 0.42 m s−1 K−1 (SE). Similar weaker sensitivity is found using hurricanes generated from the Florida State University Center for Ocean–Atmospheric Prediction Studies (FSU-COAPS) model with the highest at 2.9 ± 2.64 m s−1 K−1 (SE). A statistical refinement of HiRAM-generated hurricane intensities heightens the sensitivity to a maximum of 6.9 ± 3.33 m s−1 K−1 (SE), but the increase is offset by additional uncertainty associated with the refinement. Results suggest that the caution that should be exercised when interpreting GCM scenarios of future hurricane intensity stems from the low sensitivity of limiting GCM-generated hurricane intensity to ocean temperature.
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Liu, Kam-biu, and Miriam L. Fearn. "Reconstruction of Prehistoric Landfall Frequencies of Catastrophic Hurricanes in Northwestern Florida from Lake Sediment Records." Quaternary Research 54, no. 2 (September 2000): 238–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.2000.2166.

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Sediment cores from Western Lake provide a 7000-yr record of coastal environmental changes and catastrophic hurricane landfalls along the Gulf Coast of the Florida Panhandle. Using Hurricane Opal as a modern analog, we infer that overwash sand layers occurring near the center of the lake were caused by catastrophic hurricanes of category 4 or 5 intensity. Few catastrophic hurricanes struck the Western Lake area during two quiescent periods 3400–5000 and 0–1000 14C yr B.P. The landfall probabilities increased dramatically to ca. 0.5% per yr during an “hyperactive” period from 1000–3400 14C yr B.P., especially in the first millennium A.D. The millennial-scale variability in catastrophic hurricane landfalls along the Gulf Coast is probably controlled by shifts in the position of the jet stream and the Bermuda High.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hurricanes in Florida"

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Muhs, Tammy Marie Poitras. "Modeling mass care resource provision post hurricane." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4810.

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Determining the amount of resources needed, specifically food and water, following a hurricane is not a straightforward task. Through this research effort, an estimating tool was developed that takes into account key demographic and evacuation behavioral effects, as well as hurricane storm specifics to estimate the number of meals required for the first fourteen days following a hurricane making landfall in the State of Florida. The Excel based estimating tool was created using data collected from four hurricanes making landfall in Florida during 2004-2005. The underlying model used in the tool is a Regression Decision Tree with predictor variables including direct impact, poverty level, and hurricane impact score. The hurricane impact score is a hurricane classification system resulting from this research that includes hurricane category, intensity, wind field size, and landfall location. The direct path of a hurricane, a higher than average proportion of residents below the poverty level, and the hurricane impact score were all found to have an effect on the number of meals required during the first fourteen days following a hurricane making landfall in the State of Florida.
ID: 030646208; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 155-171).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Psychology
Sciences
Modeling and Simulation
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D'andrea, Joy Marie. "A Statistical Analysis of Hurricanes in the Atlantic Basin and Sinkholes in Florida." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6077.

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Beaches can provide a natural barrier between the ocean and inland communities, ecosystems, and resources. These environments can move and change in response to winds, waves, and currents. When a hurricane occurs, these changes can be rather large and possibly catastrophic. The high waves and storm surge act together to erode beaches and inundate low-lying lands, putting inland communities at risk. There are thousands of buoys in the Atlantic Basin that record and update data to help predict climate conditions in the state of Florida. The data that was compiled and used into a larger data set came from two different sources. First, the hurricane data for the years 1992 – 2014 came from Unisys Weather site (Atlantic Basin Hurricanes data, last 40 years) and the buoy data has been available from the national buoy center. Using various statistical methods, we will analyze the probability of a storm being present, given conditions at the buoy; determine the probability of a storm being present categorically. There are four different types of sinkholes that exist in Florida and they are: Collapse Sinkholes, Solution Sinkholes, Alluvial Sinkholes, and Raveling Sinkholes. In Florida there are sinkholes that occur, because of the different soil types that are prevalent in certain areas. The data that was used in this study came from the Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Subsidence Incident Reports. The size of the data was 926 with 15 variables. We will present a statistical analysis of a sinkholes length and width relationship, determine the average size of the diameter of a sinkhole, discuss the relationship of sinkhole size depending upon their soil types, and acknowledge the best probable occurrence of when a sinkhole occurs. There will be five research chapters in this dissertation. In Chapter 2, the concept of Exploratory Factor Analysis and Non-Response Analysis will be introduced, in accordance of analyzing hurricanes. Chapter 3 will also address the topic of hurricanes that have formed from the Atlantic Basin from 1992 – 2014. The discussion of the probability of a storm being present (also categorically) will be addressed. In Chapter 4 a study of sinkholes in Florida will be addressed. In Chapter 5 we will continue our discussion on sinkholes in Florida, but focus on the time to event between the occurrences of the sinkholes. In the last chapter, Chapter 6, we will conclude with a future works and projects that can be created from the foundations of this dissertation.
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Robertson, William. "Airborne Laser Quantification of Florida Shoreline and Beach Volume Change Caused by Hurricanes." FIU Digital Commons, 2007. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/35.

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This dissertation combines three separate studies that measure coastal change using airborne laser data. The initial study develops a method for measuring subaerial and subaqueous volume change incrementally alongshore, and compares those measurements to shoreline change in order to quantify their relationship in Palm Beach County, Florida. A poor correlation (R2 = 0.39) was found between shoreline and volume change before the hurricane season in the northern section of Palm Beach County because of beach nourishment and inlet dynamics. However, a relatively high R2 value of 0.78 in the southern section of Palm Beach County was found due to little disturbance from tidal inlets and coastal engineering projects. The shoreline and volume change caused by the 2004 hurricane season was poorly correlated with R2 values of 0.02 and 0.42 for the north and south sections, respectively. The second study uses airborne laser data to investigate if there is a significant relationship between shoreline migration before and after Hurricane Ivan near Panama City, Florida. In addition, the relationship between shoreline change and subaerial volume was quantified and a new method for quantifying subaqueous sediment change was developed. No significant spatial relationship was found between shoreline migration before and after the hurricane. Utilization of a single coefficient to represent all relationships between shoreline and subaerial volume change was found to be problematic due to the spatial variability in the linear relationship. Differences in bathymetric data show only a small portion of sediment was transported beyond the active zone and most sediment remained within the active zone despite the occurrence of a hurricane. The third study uses airborne laser bathymetry to measure the offshore limit of change, and compares that location with calculated depth of closures and subaqueous geomorphology. There appears to be strong geologic control of the depth of closure in Broward and Miami-Dade Counties. North of Hillsboro Inlet, hydrodynamics control the geomorphology which in turn indicates the location of the depth of closure.
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D'Andrea, Joy. "A Statistical Analysis of Hurricanes in the Atlantic Basin & Sinkholes in Florida." Thesis, University of South Florida, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10103862.

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Beaches can provide a natural barrier between the ocean and inland communities, ecosystems, and resources. These environments can move and change in response to winds, waves, and currents. When a hurricane occurs, these changes can be rather large and possibly catastrophic. The high waves and storm surge act together to erode beaches and inundate low-lying lands, putting inland communities at risk. There are thousands of buoys in the Atlantic Basin that record and update data to help predict climate conditions in the state of Florida. The data that was compiled and used into a larger data set came from two different sources. First, the hurricane data for the years 1992–2014 came from Unisys Weather site (Atlantic Basin Hurricanes data, last 40 years) and the buoy data has been available from the national buoy center. Using various statistical methods, we will analyze the probability of a storm being present, given conditions at the buoy; determine the probability of a storm being present categorically. There are four different types of sinkholes that exist in Florida and they are: Collapse Sinkholes, Solution Sinkholes, Alluvial Sinkholes, and Raveling Sinkholes. In Florida there are sinkholes that occur, because of the different soil types that are prevalent in certain areas. The data that was used in this study came from the Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Subsidence Incident Reports. The size of the data was 926 with 15 variables. We will present a statistical analysis of a sinkholes length and width relationship, determine the average size of the diameter of a sinkhole, discuss the relationship of sinkhole size depending upon their soil types, and acknowledge the best probable occurrence of when a sinkhole occurs. There will be five research chapters in this dissertation. In Chapter 2, the concept of Exploratory Factor Analysis and Non-Response Analysis will be introduced, in accordance of analyzing hurricanes. Chapter 3 will also address the topic of hurricanes that have formed from the Atlantic Basin from 1992–2014. The discussion of the probability of a storm being present (also categorically) will be addressed. In Chapter 4 a study of sinkholes in Florida will be addressed. In Chapter 5 we will continue our discussion on sinkholes in Florida, but focus on the time to event between the occurrences of the sinkholes. In the last chapter, Chapter 6, we will conclude with a future works and projects that can be created from the foundations of this dissertation.

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Zhao, Ruoshu. "Comparison of Beach Changes Induced by Two Hurricanes along the Coast of West-Central Florida." Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7388.

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The beach profiles pre-and post-the Hurricane Hermine (2016) and Irma (2017) along the Sand Key barrier island were collected to quantify longshore variations in storm induced beach changes as well as to compare the beach changes caused by hydrodynamic conditions of the two different hurricanes. Cross-shore beach profile are examined in 4 sections including dune field, dry beach, sand bar and whole beach to calculate beach change. The volume change for each section and shoreline contour change before and post the hurricane was computed. Hydrodynamic conditions were obtained from adjacent NOAA’s tide and wave gauges. Both hurricanes generated high offshore waves, with Hurricane Hermine generated waves mostly from southwest, and Irma generated waves dominantly from northeast. Hurricane Hermine generated a storm surge of up to 1 m. While hurricane Irma generated negative surge of -1.1 m. Several beach profile parameters such as the foreshore slope, as well as volume changes of dune field, dry beach and sand bar induced by the two hurricanes were computed. Under both storms, the foreshore slope became steeper after the storm north of the headland, while the foreshore slope became gentler south of the headland. Storm surge plays an important role in inducing beach erosion. Hurricane Hermine with 1 m surge caused significant dune erosion in terms of dune volume loss and dune line retreat. On the other hand, hurricane Irma with negative surge only caused minor dune erosion. Sand bar moved seaward during both hurricanes, with Irma induced a much greater offshore movement than that of Hermine. In addition, the sand bar height decreased significantly during Irma. In contrast, during Hermine the sand bar height remained largely similar before and after the storm. Large alongshore variations in beach erosion was observed during both hurricanes as influenced by background erosion rate and direction of incident waves as they approaching the curved shoreline. For both storms, the erosional hot spot at North Sand Key with the highest background erosion rate suffered the most sand loss over the entire profile. More sand was eroded from the dry beach along the broad headland than along the beaches both north and south of it. Corresponding to the higher volume of dry beach erosion, shoreline retreat was also the largest around the headland. During Hurricane Hermine, the headland sheltering of the southerly approaching waves resulted in more erosion to the south than to the north. The opposite happened during Hurricane Irma with northerly approaching wave. More erosion occurred to the north of the headland than that to the south. Systematic measurement of beach profile beach and after hurricanes can improve our understanding on beach morphodynamics on storm induced beach changes.
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Flott, Phyllis (Phyllis L. ). "An Analysis of the Determinants of Recovery of Businesses After a Natural Disaster Using a Multi-Paradigm Approach." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc935766/.

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This study examines the recovery process of businesses in Homestead, Florida after Hurricane Andrew in 1992. The goal of this study was to determine which organizational characteristics were useful in predicting the level of physical damage and the length of time to reopen for affected businesses. The organizational characteristics examined were age, size, pre-disaster gross sales, ownership of the business location, membership in the Chamber of Commerce, and property insurance. Three-hundred and fifty businesses in the area were surveyed. Because of the complexity of the recovery process, the disaster experiences of businesses were examined using three paradigms, organizational ecology, contingency theory, and configuration theory. Models were developed and tested for each paradigm. The models used the contextual variables to explain the outcome variables; level of physical damage and length of time to reopen. The SIC was modified so that it could form the framework for a taxonomic examination of the businesses. The organizations were examined at the level of division, class, subclass, and order. While the taxa and consistent levels of physical damage, the length of time needed to reopen varied greatly. The homogeneous level of damage within the groups is linked to similarity in assets and transformation processes. When examined using the contingency perspective, there were no significant relationships between the level of physical damage and the contextual variables. Only predisaster gross sales and level of physical damage had moderate strength associations with the length of time to reopen. The configuration perspective was applied by identifying clusters of organizations using the contextual variables. Clusters were identified and examined to determine if they had significantly different disaster experiences. The clusters varied significantly only by the length of time to reopen. The disaster experience of businesses is conceptualized as a process of accumulation-deaccumulation-reaccumulation. The level of physical damage is driven by selection while the lenght of time to reopen is determined by both adaptation and selection.
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Vanlandingham, Keith Marcel. "Disaster Preparedness in Escambia County Florida: The Influence of Oral Narratives." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1404515/.

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This work addresses hurricane preparedness in Escambia County, Florida. It explores preparing for hurricanes as an informal learning process occurring within personal networks and embedded in beliefs, values, and attitudes. Findings reveal that participants learned to prepare from their parents in childhood and improved upon that knowledge through direct experience in adulthood. Later, they passed this knowledge on to their children as well as co-workers. These preparations are embedded in beliefs of self-determination and attitudes of endurance. However, this body of knowledge and their respective practices are not equally accessible to all. Recommendations are provided so local organizations can incorporate local knowledge and practices with preparedness improvement efforts and foster social cohesion as well.
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Sajadi, Bami Fautemeh. "Water Scarcity in the Face of Hurricanes: Improving the Resilience of Potable Water Supplies in Selected Florida Counties." Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7923.

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Severe storms can threaten the reliability and accessibility of drinking water supplies. The state of Florida is frequently impacted by hurricanes and is often struck more than once a year. An example of this can be found in 2017 when hurricanes Harvey, Irma, and Maria caused much damage. Compromised utilities, well contamination, and shortages in bottled water and ice are just some of the problems that may threaten peoples’ drinking water. Faced with these issues, preparation and response efforts must be effective in order to promote human health. Recent events like Hurricane Irma caused shortages in potable water which suggest the need for improvements in these efforts. The purpose of this study was to review management policies (for both preparations and responses) in dealing with potable water paucity caused by Hurricane Irma. Current efforts for managing potable water supplies were researched across selected counties in Florida. The effectiveness and deficiencies of these policies were analyzed. A survey was utilized to gain an understanding of the effects of these policies from the people’s perspective. This study determined several issues with potable water management efforts in dealing with severe storms. These issues were: 1) Economic constraints preventing the obtainment of drinking water (particularly for the Hispanic ethnic group), 2) Lack of concern/care in keeping sanitary private well systems, 3) Policies to encourage locals to prepare to last three days without regular water supplies were inadequate since many people were left without water for far longer time periods, 4) Younger respondents experienced greater potable water shortages than the elderly, and 5) Many people who received emergency relief did not actually require aid. This study also identified potential improvements in both the short-term (emergency responses) and long-term (preparedness) management of drinking water in the face of hurricanes. Recommendations were made to address each of the found issues and ameliorate the management of potable water. These recommendations were: 1) To promote enforcement of anti-price gouging laws 2) Enhancing education on the importance of a sanitary well system. 3) Enhancing infrastructure and power by increasing redundancy, storage capacity, structural integrity, backup power and structural stability; and/or promote education informing locals to prepare for water shortages that last longer than three days 4) Encouraging younger residents to be more involved with their community elders 5) Relief efforts should be made more effective in reaching their targeted populations (those in true need of aid). The results of this research may be used to enhance potable water management plans to avoid suffering and loss of wellbeing in future hurricanes.
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Rios, Adyan Beatriz. "Do hurricanes and other severe weather events affect catch per unit effort of reef-fish in the Florida Keys?" Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32885.

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Severe weather events frequently affect important marine fish stocks and fisheries along the United States Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts. However, the effects of these events on fish and fisheries are not well understood. The availability of self-reported data from two fisheries in a region frequently affected by tropical cyclones provided a unique opportunity to investigate short-term responses to past events. This study involved selecting severe weather events, calculating changes in effort and catch-per-unit- effort (CPUE), and analyzing those changes across various temporal, spatial, and species-specific scenarios. Responses in each variable were analyzed within and across scenario factors and explored for correlations and linear multivariate relationships with hypothesized explanatory variables. A negative overall directional change was identified for logbook fishing effort. Based on both correlations and linear models, changes in logbook fishing effort were inversely related to changes in average maximum wind speed. Severe weather events are more likely to affect fishing effort than catch rates of reef-fish species. However, lack of responses in CPUE may also relate to the ability of this study to detect changes. The temporal and spatial scales analyzed in this study may not have been adequate for identifying changes in effort for the headboat fishery, or in CPUE for either fishery. Although there was no region-wide response in CPUE associated with severe weather events, further research on this topic is necessary to determine if storm-induced changes in fishery data are likely strong, long-lasting, or widespread enough to influence the outcome of stock-wide assessments.
Master of Science
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Stripling, Caitlin. "A Hurricane Specific Risk Assessment of the United States' Gulf Coast Counties." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1478090258882176.

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Books on the topic "Hurricanes in Florida"

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Kleinberg, Howard. Florida hurricane & disaster, 1992. Miami: Centennial Press, 1992.

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Security, United States Department of Homeland. Hurricane Charley in Florida: Observations, recommendations, and technical guidance. Wash., D.C.]: FEMA, 2005.

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M, Williams John. Florida hurricanes and tropical storms. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1997.

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Reardon, L. F. The Florida hurricane & disaster. Coral Gables, Fla: A. Parks, 1986.

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Security, United States Department of Homeland. Hurricane Ivan in Alabama and Florida: Observations, recommendations, and technical guidance. Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency, 2005.

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W, Duedall Iver, and Williams John M, eds. Florida hurricanes and tropical storms, 1871-2001. Gainesville, FL: University of Florida Press, 2002.

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Hemingway's hurricane: The great Florida Keys storm of 1935. Camden, Me: International Marine/McGraw-Hill, 2006.

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Black cloud: The great Florida hurricane of 1928. New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers, 2003.

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Verdi, Richard Jay. Hydrologic effects of the 2004 hurricane season in northwest Florida. Reston, Va: U.S. Geological Survey, 2005.

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W, Duedall Iver, and Williams John M, eds. Florida hurricanes and tropical storms, 1871-1993: An historical survey. Gainesville, FL: Florida Sea Grant College Program, University of Florida, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hurricanes in Florida"

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Doyle, Thomas W., and Garrett F. Girod. "The Frequency and Intensity of Atlantic Hurricanes and Their Influence on the Structure of South Florida Mangrove Communities." In Hurricanes, 109–20. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60672-4_6.

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Malmstadt, Jill C., James B. Elsner, and Thomas H. Jagger. "Frequency and Intensity of Hurricanes Within Florida’s Threat Zone." In Hurricanes and Climate Change, 191–203. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9510-7_11.

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Walker, William C., Sunhui Sim, and Lisa Keys-Mathews. "Use of Geographically Weighted Regression on Ecology of Crime, Response to Hurricane in Miami, Florida." In Forensic GIS, 245–62. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8757-4_12.

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Peyton, John. "Lessons Learned from the 2004 Atlantic Hurricane Season: How This Highly Active Year Helped Jacksonville, Florida, Build a Better Emergency Response System." In Safeguarding Homeland Security, 53–60. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0371-6_5.

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"Hurricanes." In Florida Weather and Climate, 141–69. University Press of Florida, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvx06wfz.15.

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Elsner, James B., and Thomas H. Jagger. "Hurricanes, Climate, and Statistics." In Hurricane Climatology. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199827633.003.0004.

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This book is about hurricanes, climate, and statistics. These topics may not seem related. Hurricanes are violent winds and flooding rains, climate is about weather conditions from the past, and statistics is about numbers. But what if you wanted to estimate the probability of winds exceeding 60 ms−1 in Florida next year. The answer involves all three, hurricanes (fastest winds), climate (weather of the past), and statistics (probability). This book teaches you how to answer these questions in a rigorous and scientific way. We begin here with a short description of the topics and a few notes on what this book is about. A hurricane is an area of low air pressure over the warm tropical ocean. The low pressure creates showers and thunderstorms that start the winds rotating. The rotation helps to develop new thunderstorms. A tropical storm forms when the rotating winds exceed 17 ms−1 and a hurricane when they exceed 33 ms−1. Once formed, the winds continue to blow despite friction by an in-up-and-out circulation that imports heat at high temperature from the ocean and exports heat at lower temperature in the upper troposphere (near 16 km), which is similar to the way a steam engine converts thermal energy to mechanical motion. In short, a hurricane is powered by moisture and heat. Strong winds are a hurricane’s defining characteristic. Wind is caused by the change in air pressure between two locations. In the center of a hurricane, the air pressure, which is the weight of a column of air from the surface to the top of the atmosphere, is quite low compared with the air pressure outside the hurricane. This difference causes the air to move from the outside inward toward the center. By a combination of friction as the air rubs on the ocean below and the spin of the earth as it rotates on its axis, the air does not move directly inward but rather spirals in a counter clockwise direction toward the region of lowest pressure.
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Nelson, David J. "A Tropical Depression." In How the New Deal Built Florida Tourism, 7–17. University Press of Florida, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056319.003.0002.

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From flappers and speakeasies to the Harlem Renaissance and The Great Gatsby, the Roaring Twenties has long been a common trope in popular American memory. Florida went through its own version with the land boom and the arrival of tin-can tourists. But there was an “other Florida” that was more in line with the rest of the Deep South than the pleasures of South Florida. After two disastrous hurricanes and the crash of the land boom, those two Floridas began to share similar concerns and fears as Florida suddenly found itself in the depths of the Great Depression.
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Elsner, James B., and Thomas H. Jagger. "Frequency Models." In Hurricane Climatology. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199827633.003.0011.

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Here in Part II, we focus on statistical models for understanding and predicting hurricane climate. This chapter shows you how to model hurricane occurrence. This is done using the annual count of hurricanes making landfall in the United States. We also consider the occurrence of hurricanes across the basin and by origin. We begin with exploratory analysis and then show you how to model counts with Poisson regression. Issues of model fit, interpretation, and prediction are considered in turn. The topic of how to assess forecast skill is examined including how to perform cross-validation. Alternatives to the Poisson regression model are considered. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristics (ROCS) are also covered. You use the data set US.txt which contains a list of tropical cyclone counts by year (see Chapter 2). The counts indicate the number of hurricanes hitting in the United States (excluding Hawaii). Input the data, save them as a data frame object, and print out the first six lines by typing . . . > H = read.table("US.txt", header=TRUE) > head(H) . . . The columns include year Year, number of U.S. hurricanes All, number of major U.S. hurricanes MUS, number of U.S. Gulf coast hurricanes G, number of Florida hurricanes FL, and number of East coast hurricanes E. Save the total number of years in the record as n and the average number hurricanes per year as rate. . . . > n = length(H$Year); rate = mean(H$All) > n; rate [1] 160 [1] 1.69 . . . The average number of U.S. hurricanes is 1.69 per year over these 160 years. First plot a time series and a distribution of the annual counts. Together, the two plots provide a nice summary of the information in your data relevant to any modeling effort. . . . > par(las=1) > layout(matrix(c(1, 2), 1, 2, byrow=TRUE), + widths=c(3/5, 2/5)) > plot(H$Year, H$All, type="h", xlab="Year", + ylab="Hurricane Count") > grid() > mtext("a", side=3, line=1, adj=0, cex=1.1) > barplot(table(H$All), xlab="Hurricane Count", + ylab="Number of Years", main="") > mtext("b", side=3, line=1, adj=0, cex=1.1) . . . The layout function divides the plot page into rows and columns as specified in the matrix function (first argument).
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Martínez-Fernández, Luis. "Geography and the Shaping of Early Colonial Cuba." In Key to the New World. University Press of Florida, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9781683400325.003.0002.

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This chapter offers a synthetic view of Cuba’s geography, including aspects such as location, insularity, topography, hydrography, climate, soils, sea and wind currents, natural disasters such as hurricanes and earthquakes, and natural resources. It also offers an overview of the Cuban archipelago’s geological evolution over millions of years. While this chapter does not subscribe to geographic determinism, it explores the ways in which Cuba’s geographic features have shaped its historical trajectory and the culture of its people. Geographical factors such as sea currents made Cuba a strategic location for a trade and military post, and its climatological, topographic, hydrographic, and soil conditions made the island an ideal location for sugar production.
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Elsner, James B., and Thomas H. Jagger. "Cluster Models." In Hurricane Climatology. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199827633.003.0015.

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A cluster is a group of the same or similar events close together. Clusters arise in hurricane origin locations, tracks, and landfalls. In this chapter, we look at how to analyze and model clusters. We divide the chapter into methods for time, space, and feature clustering. Of the three feature clustering is best known to climatologists. We begin by showing you how to detect and model time clusters. Consecutive hurricanes originating in the same area often take similar paths. This grouping, or clustering, increases the potential for multiple landfalls above what you expect from random events. A statistical model for landfall probability captures clustering through covariates like the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), which relates a steering mechanism (position and strength of the subtropical high pressure) to coastal hurricane activity. But there could be additional time correlation not related to the covariates. A model that does not account for this extra variation will underestimate the potential for multiple hits in a season. Following Jagger and Elsner (2006), you consider three coastal regions including the Gulf Coast, Florida, and the East Coast (Fig. 6.2). Regions are large enough to capture enough hurricanes, but not too large as to include many non-coastal strikes. Here you use hourly position and intensity data described in Chapter 6. For each hurricane, you note its wind speed maximum within each region. If the maximum wind exceeds 33 m s−1, then you count it as a hurricane for the region. A tropical cyclone that affects more than one region at hurricane intensity is counted in each region. Because of this, the sum of the regional counts is larger than the total count. Begin by loading annual.RData. These data were assembled in Chapter 6. Subset the data for years starting with 1866. . . . > load("annual.RData") > dat = subset(annual, Year >= 1866) . . . The covariate Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) data begins in 1866 . Next, extract all hurricane counts for the Gulf coast, Florida, and East coast regions. . . . > cts = dat[, c("G.1", "F.1", "E.1")] . . .
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Conference papers on the topic "Hurricanes in Florida"

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Ochi, Michel K. "Prediction of Hurricane Landfall Wind Speeds along the Florida Coast with Application to 2004 Hurricanes." In Solutions to Coastal Disasters Conference 2005. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40774(176)20.

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Krecic, Michael, Christopher Bender, and Kristen Odroniec. "Sediment Transport off Northeast Florida Outside the Surf Zone during Hurricanes." In Sixth International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Process. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40926(239)12.

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Young, William. "Renewable Energy and Disaster-Resistant Buildings." In ASME 2005 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2005-76044.

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Hurricanes, floods, tornados and earthquakes create natural disasters that can destroy homes, businesses and the natural environment. Such disasters can happen with little or no warning, leaving hundreds or even thousands of people without medical services, potable water, sanitation, communications and electrical services for up to several weeks. The 2004 hurricane season ravaged the State of Florida, U.S.A., with four major hurricanes within a 6-week timeframe. Over nine million people evacuated their homes and damage to property was extensive. One proactive strategy to minimize this type of destruction and disruption to lives is the implementation of disaster-resistant buildings that are functional and operational. This approach uses the best energy-efficient buildings, fortified to the latest codes, and incorporates renewable energy systems. Businesses, government facilities and homes benefit from using photovoltaics to power critical items. This concept is a mitigation tool to reduce damage and cost of the destructive forces of hurricanes and other disasters. This past season’s experience showed that buildings designed and built to the latest standards with photovoltaic and solar thermal systems survived with little damage and continued to perform after the storm passed. Even following a disaster, energy conservation and use of renewables promotes energy assurance while allowing occupants to maintain some resemblance of a normal life.
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Benedet, L., M. J. F. Stive, C. W. Finkl, and T. Campbell. "Morphological Impacts of Hurricanes Frances and Jeanne (2004) on Nourished Florida Beaches." In Fifth International Conference on Coastal Dynamics. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40855(214)97.

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Muraro, Ronald P., Thomas H. Spreen, and Marisa L. Zansler. "Florida’s Citrus Canker Eradication Program: Cost-Benefit Analysis With an Example of an Endemic Citrus Canker Situation for Florida Processed Oranges." In ASME 2006 Citrus Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cec2006-5201.

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The rapid expansion and integration of international trade, increased tourism, and changes in methods of production in recent decades have increased the likelihood of the introduction of invasive species to U.S. agriculture. Invasive species can have adverse environmental and/or economic impacts when introduced to a region. Economic impacts include marketing, production, and trade implications. One such invasive species imposing adverse economic impacts to the Florida citrus industry is a bacterial disease known as citrus canker (Xanthomonas axanopodis pv. citri). Citrus canker causes lesions on the leaves, stems, and fruit of citrus trees. The disease adversely affects the proportion of fruit intended for the fresh market, serves to weaken citrus trees, leads to a reduction in yields, and leads to higher costs of production. Florida’s Citrus Canker Eradication Program (CCEP) was implemented in the mid-1990s in an attempt to establish the guidelines for averting the spread of the disease. Currently there is no available biological or chemical cure for citrus canker. The CCEP instituted a policy of immediate eradication of any tree infected with citrus canker. Based upon the research by Gottwald et al., 2002, the CCEP also stipulated that all trees within a radius of 1900 feet of any infected trees be eradicated. Eradication is mandatory in such situations even if the trees within this radius do not yet show signs of infection. In addition to eradication, the CCEP defined additional regulations such as the decontamination of grove workers, field equipment, and packinghouses with approved chemicals (Chung et al., 2002). In 2004, an economic/benefit-cost analysis of the CCEP was conducted using the predicted values of the benefits and the costs associated with the policy. The actual expenditures of implementation through 2004 were weighed against the projected loss of revenue and the cost savings associated with an industry with pervasive citrus canker in an attempt to assess the net benefits of the policy. In this paper, a summary of the CCEP cost benefit analysis will be discussed. Three segments of Florida’s citrus industry were analyzed separately: 1) processed oranges; 2) fresh and processed grapefruit; and 3) specialty citrus fruit. An example will also be discussed which estimates the cumulative 15-year net grower returns for processed Hamlin and Valencia oranges which compares a no citrus canker situation with four possible endemic citrus canker fruit loss situations that include the additional grower costs to manage citrus canker. Note: The summary discussion presented in this paper on the economic impact of Florida’s citrus canker eradication program (CCEP) was completed in June–July 2004 prior to hurricanes Charley, Frances, and Jeanne, and in 2005 hurricane Wilma spreading citrus canker across Florida’s commercial citrus acreage. Updating economic impact of the CCEP to reflect the impact of the hurricanes is currently being planned. Paper published with permission.
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Turan, C. K., Y. P. Kinfu, M. A. Samad, A. Farhadzadeh, and K. Ng. "Comparison of ADCIRC and SLOSH Model Simulations for Hurricanes Andrew and Irma near Miami, Florida." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784481424.019.

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Hu, Guangdou Gordon, and Yongshan Wan. "Modeling the Hydrology and Hydrodynamics in Loxahatchee River and Estuary, Florida during Hurricanes Frances and Jeanne." In 10th International Conference on Estuarine and Coastal Modeling. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40990(324)9.

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King, Ronald (Ron), and G. Christopher P. Crall. "Florida Citrus Processing Facility Takes Leadership Role in Conducting a Facility Wide Insulation Energy Assessment." In ASME 2009 Citrus Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cec2009-5506.

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After attending a National Insulation Association (NIA) presentation on Insulation, The Forgotten Technology at ASME’s 2007 Citrus Engineering Conference, a major citrus processing facility in central Florida decided to examine the condition of their insulation systems and determine the potential energy savings that could be achieved by replacing or repairing their existing insulation. Facility management had previously examined abbreviated energy assessments for above and below ambient systems but had not commissioned an extensive below ambient assessment. Due to the age, complexity, and recent weather history of the facility (i.e. hurricanes), management wanted to examine the condition of the thermal insulation systems and any effect its condition may have on the refrigerant piping and overall system operating costs. The assessment process was more complex than originally anticipated and yielded a wealth of meaningful information. The facility covers about 50 acres and consists of a variety of production, warehousing, and shipping/receiving facilities. It is estimated that the facility processes roughly one billion pounds of oranges and grapefruits each year into juice and juice products. Refrigeration for the site is provided by a large and complex ammonia refrigeration system. A total of eight “engine rooms” house electric driven compressors and associated vessels and equipment. Installed capacity is roughly 3,000 tons of refrigeration with an estimated energy cost on the order of $2 million per year. The ammonia refrigerant is distributed throughout the site via a complex and interconnected refrigerant piping system. The total refrigerant charge in the system is roughly 300,000 lbs of ammonia. Paper published with permission.
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Brown, Richard E. "Hurricane hardening efforts in Florida." In Energy Society General Meeting. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pes.2008.4596940.

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Henderson, Thomas M., and Leah K. Richter. "Palm Beach County WTE Expansion Model." In 18th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec18-3530.

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Palm Beach County (Florida) Solid Waste Authority built an integrated solid waste management system in the 1980s and 1990s around an 1,800 tpd Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) Waste-to-Energy (WTE) facility. The system included a network of five regional transfer stations, Subtitle D sanitary landfill, recovered materials processing facility, composting facility, metals processing facility and household hazardous waste collection program. The WTE, which became operational in 1989, was built with two 900 tpd RDF combustion units. Space was provided for the addition of a third combustion unit, a second turbine-generator and an extra flue was installed in the facility’s stack. By 2004, the WTE was fifteen years old. It had been running at over 125% availability and well above its nominal capacity for almost a decade. Landfill capacity was being consumed at a rate which would see it filled in less than 20 years. The County had been hit with repeated hurricanes in recent years and the County’s population was continuing to grow making landfill capacity projections far from certain. The Authority began an assessment of its long term capacity options which included renovation of its existing WTE facility, expansion of that facility, development of a new WTE facility, development of a new Subtitle D Landfill and several out-of-county options. This paper will focus on the results of this assessment with emphasis on the current efforts to develop a new Mass Burn WTE facility with a capacity of 3,000 tpd and a commercial operations date of 2015. It will be the largest new WTE built in North America in more than 20 years. The choice of Mass Burn technology, facility and combustion module sizing, air pollution control technology, facility site selection, environmental permitting, public outreach program, project financing and procurement and contracting approach will be discussed.
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Reports on the topic "Hurricanes in Florida"

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Zivin, Joshua S. Graff, Yanjun Liao, and Yann Panassie. How Hurricanes Sweep Up Housing Markets: Evidence from Florida. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27542.

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Klein, Peter M. The Four Florida Hurricanes of 2004 and Their Impact on the Fleet. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada437041.

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Lott, Casey A. Distribution and Abundance of Piping Plovers (Charadrius melodus) and Snowy Plovers (Charadrius alexandrinus) on the West Coast of Florida Before and After the 2004/2005 Hurricane Seasons. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada508641.

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Webb, David H., and Stanley W. Gilbert. A Literature Review of Disaster-Induced Business Interruption and an Exploratory Analysis of the Effects of the 2004 Atlantic Hurricane Season on Florida Establishments at the Zip Code Level. National Institute of Standards and Technology, November 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.tn.1932.

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