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1

Volpe, F. A., P. D. Létourneau, and A. Zhao. "Huygens–Fresnel wavefront tracing." Computer Physics Communications 212 (March 2017): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2016.10.021.

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2

Borovytsky, Volodymyr. "Huygens–Fresnel principle and Abbe formula." Optical Engineering 57, no. 09 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.57.9.095104.

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3

Makris, Konstantinos G., and Demetri Psaltis. "Huygens–Fresnel diffraction and evanescent waves." Optics Communications 284, no. 6 (2011): 1686–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2010.10.001.

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4

Pham, Frédéric. "Résurgence d’un thème de Huygens-Fresnel." Publications mathématiques de l'IHÉS 68, no. 1 (1988): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02698542.

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5

Teperik, T. V., A. Archambault, F. Marquier, and J. J. Greffet. "Huygens-Fresnel principle for surface plasmons." Optics Express 17, no. 20 (2009): 17483. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.17.017483.

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6

Depasse, F., M. A. Paesler, D. Courjon, and J. M. Vigoureux. "Huygens–Fresnel principle in the near field." Optics Letters 20, no. 3 (1995): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.20.000234.

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7

Kinnunen, Jami J. "Why is there no Poisson spot in a solar eclipse?" American Journal of Physics 92, no. 12 (2024): 945–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/5.0227357.

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The Poisson spot is a fascinating lecture demonstration. Its simple explanation can lead to further questions, not only the one posed in the title, but also questions such as why the simple model that considers only light passing just outside the spherical object is successful. The Huygens–Fresnel diffraction model is applied to answer these questions.
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8

Kraus, Hal G. "Huygens–Fresnel–Kirchhoff wave-front diffraction formulation: spherical waves." Journal of the Optical Society of America A 6, no. 8 (1989): 1196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.6.001196.

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9

Gluza, Marek, Per Moosavi, and Spyros Sotiriadis. "Breaking of Huygens–Fresnel principle in inhomogeneous Tomonaga–Luttinger liquids." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 55, no. 5 (2022): 054002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ac39cc.

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Abstract Tomonaga–Luttinger liquids (TLLs) can be used to effectively describe one-dimensional quantum many-body systems such as ultracold atoms, charges in nanowires, superconducting circuits, and gapless spin chains. Their properties are given by two parameters, the propagation velocity and the Luttinger parameter. Here we study inhomogeneous TLLs where these are promoted to functions of position and demonstrate that they profoundly affect the dynamics: in general, besides curving the light cone, we show that propagation is no longer ballistically localized to the light-cone trajectories, di
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10

Ueda, Mitsuhiro. "Extension of the Huygens–Fresnel principle to a virtual space." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 96, no. 5 (1994): 3226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.411146.

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11

Fogret, Éric, and Pierre Pellat-Finet. "Agreement of fractional Fourier optics with the Huygens–Fresnel principle." Optics Communications 272, no. 2 (2007): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2006.11.039.

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12

Gitin, Andrey V. "Huygens–Feynman–Fresnel principle as the basis of applied optics." Applied Optics 52, no. 31 (2013): 7419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.52.007419.

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13

Volosyuk, V. K., S. S. Zhyla, and D. V. Kolesnikov. "Phenomenological description of coherent radar images based on concepts of the measure on a set and stochastic integral." Radiotekhnika, no. 194 (September 26, 2018): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.30837/rt.2018.3.194.01.

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The model of scattered electromagnetic fields in the region of their receiving for solving problems of the Earth remote sensing is proposed, using a phenomenological approach based on the laws of geometrical optics and the Huygens-Fresnel principle. The procedure for their processing, while restoring a coherent radar image of the earth's surface in the near Fresnel zone, is shown. The structure of the obtained image is described by the convolution integral of the complex scattering coefficient with the radar system ambiguity function. It is noted that, due to the complex internal structure of
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14

Tausendfreund, Andreas, S. Patzelt, S. Simon, and G. Goch. "Simulation of Light Scattering from Nanostructured Surfaces." Key Engineering Materials 381-382 (June 2008): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.381-382.27.

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This paper presents an efficient computation method to evaluate scattered light intensity distributions, generated by a nanostructured surface which is illuminated with a monochromatic laser beam of several millimeters in diameter. The new simulation approach based on a modified Huygens-Fresnel approximation enables to improve measuring methods without expensive and time consuming experiments. The qualitative verification of the model results in a roughness measuring principle based on double scattering of coherent light.
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15

Bogdanov, O. V., and E. I. Rozhkova. "Cherenkov radiation from relativistic heavy ions: interpretation in terms of diffraction." Journal of Instrumentation 19, no. 11 (2024): C11011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/11/c11011.

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Abstract We demonstrate here the relationship between the diffraction theory and the theory of optical radiation in the vicinity of the Cherenkov cone from relativistic heavy ions taking account of the slowing-down in a radiator. We draw an analogy with the Huygens-Fresnel principle and demonstrate how the Cornu spiral, known in physical optics, is useful for qualitative and quantitative analysis of the shape and width of the non-trivial angular distributions of radiation.
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16

Zhu, Kaicheng, Xiaolei Ma, Chang Gao, Dengjuan Ren, and Jie Zhu. "Propagation Properties of an Astigmatic Cos-Gaussian Beam through Turbulent Atmosphere." E3S Web of Conferences 299 (2021): 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129902003.

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We use the extended Huygens-Fresnel integral to investigate the propagation properties of a cos-Gaussian beam (cosGB) with astigmatism in atmospheric turbulence. The intensity distribution behaviour along the propagation distance for an astigmatic cosGB in atmospheric turbulence are analytically and numerically demonstrated. Some novel phenomena are presented graphically, indicating that the intensity distribution and the on-axial intensity closely depend on the astigmatic parameter and the turbulent structure constant of the cosGBs in the atmospheric turbulence.
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17

Alkelly, Abdu A., M. A. H. Khaled, and Labiba F. Hassan. "INFLUENCE OF ANISOTROPIC TURBULENT PLASMA ON THE PARTIALLY COHERENT FOUR-PETAL GAUSSIAN VORTEX BEAMS." Electronic Journal of University of Aden for Basic and Applied Sciences 3, no. 3 (2022): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.47372/ejua-ba.2022.3.179.

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Based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle, the analytical expressions for partially coherent four-petal Gaussian (FPG) vortex beams propagating in turbulent plasma are obtained, the influence of the turbulent plasma parameters on beam profile and coherence of the beams is discussed in detail using numerical examples. It is found that a four-petal Gaussian-shaped intensity distribution will eventually transform into a Gaussian distribution after propagating in turbulent plasma. Meanwhile, turbulent plasma parameters will also influence the coherence characterizations of the beams.
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18

Laurenzis, Martin, and Frank Christnacher. "Time domain analysis of photon scattering and Huygens-Fresnel back projection." Optics Express 30, no. 17 (2022): 30441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.468668.

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Stand-off detection and characterization of scattering media such as fog and aerosols is an important task in environmental monitoring and related applications. We present, for the first time, a stand-off characterization of sprayed water fog in the time domain. Using a time correlated single photon counting, we measure transient signatures of photons reflected off a target within the fog volume. We can distinguish ballistic from scattered photon. By application of a forward propagation model, we reconstruct the scattered photon paths and determine the fog’s mean scattering length μscat. in a
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19

Mahan, J. R., N. Q. Vinh, V. X. Ho, and N. B. Munir. "Monte Carlo ray-trace diffraction based on the Huygens–Fresnel principle." Applied Optics 57, no. 18 (2018): D56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.57.000d56.

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20

Charnotskii, Mikhail. "Extended Huygens–Fresnel principle and optical waves propagation in turbulence: discussion." Journal of the Optical Society of America A 32, no. 7 (2015): 1357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.32.001357.

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21

Zhang, Mei. "Determination of Glucose-Concentration of Turbid Sample by Optical Coherence Tomography at 1550nm Wavelength." Advanced Materials Research 677 (March 2013): 368–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.677.368.

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Glucose-concentration of turbid media is measured based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) . The effects of scattering coefficient and anisotropic factor on heterodyne efficiency factor were analyzed by the Monte Carlo simulation and analog calculation. A new method was developed to extract the optical properties using Extended Huygens-Fresnel principle for the case of the specular reflection. The scattering and absorption properties were obtained by measuring the IntralipidTMsolution of the different concentration. And the relationship between scattering coefficient and the concentration o
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22

Romero, P. C., and A. S. Ostrovsky. "Goos-Hänchen effect on a one transverse dimensional Hermite-Gaussian Beam." Revista Mexicana de Física 65, no. 2 (2019): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.31349/revmexfis.65.175.

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We study the lateral displacement (Goos-H\"{a}nchen effect) of a Hermite-Gaussian beam incident on a dielectric interface of lower index of refraction than the incident media. Unlike previous results on the same subject, the present result can be applied to an infinite family of higher order solutions (or modes) of the Huygens-Fresnel integral. The final theoretical expression is valid for values that are close to the critical angle $\theta_{c}$. Discussion is made for the behavior of the lateral displacement for different modes of the Hermite-Gaussian beam.
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23

Krivoruchenko, Mikhail I. "Superposition Principle and Kirchhoff’s Integral Theorem." Universe 8, no. 6 (2022): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe8060315.

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The need for modification of the Huygens–Fresnel superposition principle arises even in the description of the free fields of massive particles and, more extensively, in nonlinear field theories. A wide range of formulations and superposition schemes for secondary waves are captured by Kirchhoff’s integral theorem. We discuss various versions of this theorem as well as its connection with the superposition principle and the method of Green’s functions. A superposition scheme inherent in linear field theories, which is not based on Kirchhoff’s integral theorem but instead relies on the complete
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24

Li, Ya Qing, Zhen Sen Wu, Yuan Yuan Zhang, and Han Lu Zhang. "Study of Aperture-Averaged Scintillation for a Partially Coherent Gaussian Schell-Model Beam Propagation in Slant Atmospheric Turbulence." Advanced Materials Research 571 (September 2012): 337–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.571.337.

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Based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle, scintillation of a partially coherent Gaussian Schell-model (GSM) beam propagation in weakly slant atmospheric turbulence is studied. The expression of aperture-averaging factor of the system receiver is derived. We analyzed the aperture-averaged scintillation index numerically. A comparison of the aperture-averaged scintillation of the beam propagation in slant path with that of the beam propagation in horizontal path is made. Results obtained show using partially coherent beams and considering aperture-averaging effect can decrease the scintil
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25

Zhu, Kaicheng, Chang Gao, Jiahui Li, Dengjuan Ren, and Jie Zhu. "Propagations of Sin-Gaussian Beam with Astigmatism through Oceanic Turbulence." E3S Web of Conferences 299 (2021): 03013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129903013.

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The propagation behaviours of a sin-Gaussian beam (SiGB) with astigmatism in oceanic water is analysed. The analytical expressions for the average intensity of such a beam are derived by using the extended Huygens-Fresnel integral. Its average intensity and on-axial intensity distributions in oceanic water are numerically examined. Then, we mainly focus on the effect of the beam parameters and the medium structure constant on the propagation behaviours for the astigmatic SiGBs in oceanic water, revealing that the evolutions of the intensity distributions can be effectively modulated by adjusti
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26

Hashemipour, Seyed Hamid, A. Salman Ogli, and Nasim Mohammadian. "The Effect of Atmosphere Disturbances on Laser Beam Propagation." Key Engineering Materials 500 (January 2012): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.500.3.

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In this article, we probe the atmosphere disturbance such as Attenuation, Scattering, turbulence and thermal blooming on the laser beam propagated it. For investigating, we designed software which gives the vertically propagation characteristics of a general-type beam in atmosphere, based on the Huygens–Fresnel principle. When the required source and medium parameters are entered, the simulator yields the average intensity profile along the propagation axis in a video format. The results show that the peak value of the average intensity can be astonishingly affected by atmospheric turbulence,
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27

Lưu Đức Thọ та Lương Văn Trình. "Phương pháp Hybrid để giải quyết bài toán tán xạ sóng điện từ trên vật thể lý tưởng". Journal of Military Science and Technology, FEE (10 грудня 2023): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.54939/1859-1043.j.mst.fee.2023.127-133.

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Bài báo đề cập đến vấn đề tán xạ sóng điện từ trường trên hình trụ tròn dẫn điện lý tưởng, được giới hạn bởi hai nửa hình cầu, trong trường hợp phân cực H (vector điện trường-E không nằm trong mặt phẳng chiếu). Để giải quyết vấn đề này, một phương pháp Hybrid đã được sử dụng kết hợp phương pháp hàm riêng, sự nhiễu xạ liên tiếp và nguyên lý tương hỗ. So sánh kết quả tính toán giá trị RCS (Radar Cross Section) theo phương pháp Hybrid, phương pháp phương trình tích phân, phương pháp Huygens-Fresnel-Kirchhoff.
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28

Korotkova, Olga, and Yalçın Ata. "Electromagnetic Hanbury Brown and Twiss Effect in Atmospheric Turbulence." Photonics 8, no. 6 (2021): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8060186.

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The evolution of the 4 × 4 matrix with elements being the scintillation indices of the single-point Stokes parameters of a stationary electromagnetic beam-like optical field in classic, weak atmospheric turbulence is revealed. It is shown that depending on the choice of the source parameters, the source-induced changes in the matrix elements of the propagating beam and those produced by turbulence can be either range-separated or conjoined. For theoretical analysis, the unified theory of coherence and polarization is used together with the extended Huygens-Fresnel integral approach. The result
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29

Xianyang, Yang, and Fu Wenyu. "Properties of the Rotation and Mergence of Twisted Gaussian Schell Model Array Beams Propagating in Turbulent Biological Tissues." International Journal of Optics 2022 (March 10, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1157777.

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In this paper, an analytical expression for describing propagation properties of twisted Gaussian Schell model array (TGSMA) beams through turbulent biological tissues is derived based on the extended Huygens Fresnel integral. With the help of the formulae, properties of the rotation and mergence for the TGSMA beams in turbulent biological tissues are researched in detail. It is found that the TGSMA beams go through the distinct mergence period in the far field besides phenomena of abruption and rotation in the near field, and turbulent biological tissues play a dominated role in mergence of t
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30

LUKIN, I. P. "COHERENCE DISTRIBUTION IN THE CROSS-SECTION OF A PARTIALLY COHERENT VORTEX-FREE BESSEL-GAUSSIAN BEAM." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Fizika 67, no. 10 (2024): 92–101. https://doi.org/10.17223/00213411/67/10/12.

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This paper is devoted to the theoretical study of the coherence distribution in the cross-section of a partially coherent vortex-free Bessel-Gaussian beam propagating in a uniform medium. Based on the Huygens - Fresnel principle, we obtained a second-order mutual coherence function of a given beam in a paraxial approximation. It turned out that there is a dependence of the coherence degree and the integral scale of coherence of a partially coherent vortex-free Bessel-Gaussian beam on both the correlation width of the source field and the sum coordinate and mutual orientation of the vectors of
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31

Morrissey, F. X., and H. P. Chou. "Mode calculations in asymmetrically aberrated laser resonators using the Huygens–Fresnel kernel formulation." Optics Express 19, no. 20 (2011): 19702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.19.019702.

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32

Kraus, Hal G. "Huygens–Fresnel–Kirchhoff wave-front diffraction formulation: paraxial and exact Gaussian laser beams." Journal of the Optical Society of America A 7, no. 1 (1990): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.7.000047.

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33

Thrane, Lars, Harold T. Yura, and Peter E. Andersen. "Analysis of optical coherence tomography systems based on the extended Huygens–Fresnel principle." Journal of the Optical Society of America A 17, no. 3 (2000): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.17.000484.

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34

Nonogaki, Saburo. "A Rigorous Solution of Two-Dimensional Diffraction Based on the Huygens-Fresnel Principle." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 28, Part 1, No. 5 (1989): 786–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.28.786.

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35

Alkelly, Abdu A., M. A. H. Khaled, and Labiba F. Hassan. "Propagation of Partially Coherent Flat-Topped Vortex Hollow Beams in Anisotropic Turbulent Plasma." International Journal of Optics 2022 (September 7, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7798053.

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The propagation properties of partially coherent circular flat-topped (FT) vortex hollow/nonvortex beams are studied in anisotropic turbulent plasma. The analytical expression of the optical intensity of these beams is obtained by employing the extended Huygens–Fresnel integral. The effects of the source and turbulent plasma parameters on the intensity distribution of partially coherent circular FT vortex hollow/nonvortex beams are analyzed numerically. The results show that partially coherent circular FT vortex hollow/nonvortex beams will finally converge into a Gaussian intensity profile at
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36

Borovitsky, V. M., O. E. Hudz, and S. Ye Tuzhansky. "Method for calculating the scattering function of an optical system point." Optoelectronic Information-Power Technologies 41, no. 1 (2022): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31649/1681-7893-2021-41-1-69-77.

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The article presents a mathematical apparatus for precise calculation of the three-dimensional point spread function (PSF) of a high-aperture optical system. The proposed method is based on the Huygens-Fresnel principle: a spherical wave on the three-dimensional surface of the exit pupil is considered as result of the superposition of elementary secondary point radiation sources. These point sources emit coherent electromagnetic waves with a spherical wave front. They form a certain distribution of generalized complex amplitudes in three-dimensional space near the focus point. This distributio
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37

Cao, Pengfei. "Influence of anisotropic ocean turbulence on effective radius of curvature of partially coherent Hermite–Gaussian beam." Canadian Journal of Physics 100, no. 3 (2022): 158–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2019-0066.

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Based on the extended Huygens–Fresnel principle and Wigner distribution function (WDF), the influence of anisotropic ocean turbulence on effective radius of curvature (ERC) for partially coherent Hermite–Gaussian (PCHG) beams is studied in detail. Our numerical results show that the beam orders and the anisotropic ocean turbulence factors have a certain influence on ERC of PCHG beams propagating in anisotropic ocean turbulence. Besides, ocean turbulence parameters and beam initial parameters would exert different influence on ERC of PCHG beams propagating in anisotropic ocean turbulence. In ad
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38

Fogret, Éric, and Pierre Pellat-Finet. "A Light-Ray Approach to Fractional Fourier Optics." Fractal and Fractional 7, no. 7 (2023): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract7070505.

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A light ray in space is characterized by two vectors: (i) a transverse spatial vector associated with the point where the ray intersects a given spherical cap; (ii) an angular-frequency vector which defines the ray direction of propagation. Given a light ray propagating from a spherical emitter to a spherical receiver, a linear equation is established that links its representative vectors on the emitter and on the receiver. The link is expressed by means of a matrix which is not homogeneous, since it involves both spatial and angular variables (having distinct physical dimensions). Indeed, the
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39

Wang, Jun, Yu Hen Hu, Xin Zhou, Da Hai Li, and Qiong Hua Wang. "Calculation of Diffraction Patterns on inside Cylindrical Surface." Applied Mechanics and Materials 533 (February 2014): 260–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.533.260.

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In this paper, we propose a calculation method of diffraction patterns on inside cylindrical surface. The proposed method applies the Huygens-Fresnel principle and derives the diffraction distributions on the inside observation surface, which are propagated from point light sources on the outside concentric object surface. Although the calculation of diffraction patterns on the outside observation surface has been reported in the literature, that on the inside cylindrical surface is much different, and it has not been reported in the best of our knowledge. The simulation results of Youngs frin
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40

Guo, Lina, Li Chen, Rong Lin, Minghui Zhang, Yaru Gao, and Yangjian Cai. "Generation of an Adjustable Optical Cage through Focusing an Apertured Bessel-Gaussian Correlated Schell-Model Beam." Applied Sciences 9, no. 3 (2019): 550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9030550.

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An adjustable optical cage generated by focusing a partially coherent beam with nonconventional correlation function named the Bessel–Gaussian correlated Schell-model (BGCSM) beam is investigated in detail. With the help of the generalized Huygens–Fresnel integral and complex Gaussian function expansion, the analytical formula of the BGCSM beam passing through an apertured ABCD optical system was derived. Our numerical results show that the generated optical cage can be moderately adjusted by the aperture radius, the spatial coherence width, and the parameter β of the BGCSM beam. Furthermore,
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41

Collins, David, Sam Raymond, Ye Ai, John Willams, Richard O'Rorke, and Mahnoush Tayebi. "Acoustic field design in microfluidic geometries via Huygens-Fresnel diffraction and deep neural networks." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 148, no. 4 (2020): 2707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.5147500.

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42

Hofer, Dominik, and Bernhard G. Zagar. "A numerical approximation of the Huygens-Fresnel integral – Simulations of a rough wetting problem." Measurement 46, no. 8 (2013): 2828–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2013.05.003.

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43

Samad, Ricardo Elgul, and Nilson Dias Vieira, Jr. "Analytical description of z-scan on-axis intensity based on the Huygens–Fresnel principle." Journal of the Optical Society of America B 15, no. 11 (1998): 2742. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josab.15.002742.

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44

Kovalev, Alexey A., Victor V. Kotlyar, and Anton G. Nalimov. "Topological Charge and Asymptotic Phase Invariants of Vortex Laser Beams." Photonics 8, no. 10 (2021): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8100445.

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It is well known that the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of a light field is conserved on propagation. In this work, in contrast to the OAM, we analytically study conservation of the topological charge (TC), which is often confused with OAM, but has quite different physical meaning. To this end, we propose a huge-ring approximation of the Huygens–Fresnel principle, when the observation point is located on an infinite-radius ring. Based on this approximation, our proof of TC conservation reveals that there exist other quantities that are also propagation-invariant, and the number of these invar
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45

Jin, Long, Zirui Zhang, Nuo Wang, Zixin Liu, Yuwei Deng, and Yanhua Fu. "Intensity Distribution of Partially Coherent Array Finite Airy Beams Propagating in Atmospheric Turbulence." International Journal of Optics 2021 (February 5, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6649144.

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Based on the extended Huygens–Fresnel integral and the Rytov phase structure function, the closed-form expression of a partially coherent array finite Airy beams (PCAFABs) cutting through the Kolmogorov atmospheric turbulence is derived in the space domain under the paraxial approximation. The characteristics of the PCAFABs evoluting in the atmospheric environment are investigated in detail on the basis of the derived wave propagation formulae. We mainly illustrate the intensity profile of this beam changed with the truncation parameter, coherence length, and turbulence factor at several cross
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46

Al-Nadary, H. O., Shukri Kaid, Abdu A. Alkelly, Hassan T. Al-Ahsab, and M. S. Qusaila. "Influence of astigmatic aberration on partially coherent Gaussian-Schell vortex beam focused by lensacon." مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا 2, no. 5 (2024): 432–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.59628/jast.v2i5.1274.

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Based on the mathematical framework of the partially coherent Gaussian Schell model vortex (PCGSMV) beam and the Huygens-Fresnel integral, we conducted a study to analyze the intensity distribution and depth of focus (DOF) of the PCGSMV beam as it propagates through a classical axicon. Our numerical results indicate the influence of factors such as the beam width, spatial degree of coherence, topological charge, and axicon base angle on the intensity distribution and DOF. In addition, we investigated the relationship between the beam spot size and propagation distance, as well as the effects o
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47

Zhang, Xueqian, Quan Xu, Quan Li, et al. "Asymmetric excitation of surface plasmons by dark mode coupling." Science Advances 2, no. 2 (2016): e1501142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501142.

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Control over surface plasmons (SPs) is essential in a variety of cutting-edge applications, such as highly integrated photonic signal processing systems, deep-subwavelength lasing, high-resolution imaging, and ultrasensitive biomedical detection. Recently, asymmetric excitation of SPs has attracted enormous interest. In free space, the analog of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in metamaterials has been widely investigated to uniquely manipulate the electromagnetic waves. In the near field, we show that the dark mode coupling mechanism of the classical EIT effect enables an exoti
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48

Kaid, Shukri A. M., Hatim O. Al-Nadary, Mohammad S. Qusailah, and Abdu A. Alkelly. "Intensity distribution of the partially coherent Gaussian Schell vortex beam diffracted by classical axicon." مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا 2, no. 2 (2024): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.59628/jast.v2i2.899.

Full text
Abstract:
Based on the mathematical framework of the partially coherent Gaussian Schell model vortex (PCGSMV) beam and the Huygens-Fresnel integral, we conducted a study to analyze the intensity distribution and depth of focus (DOF) of the PCGSMV beam as it propagates through a classical axicon. Our numerical results indicate the influence of factors such as the beam width, spatial degree of coherence, topological charge, and axicon base angle on the intensity distribution and DOF. In addition, we investigated the relationship between the beam spot size and propagation distance, as well as the effects o
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49

Zhao, Yang, Zhiwen Yan, Yibo Wang, et al. "Second-Order Statistics of Partially Coherent Beams with Laguerre Non-Uniform Coherence Properties under Turbulence." Photonics 10, no. 7 (2023): 837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10070837.

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We use the extended Huygens–Fresnel integral to analyze the propagation properties of a class of partially coherent beams with Laguerre non-uniform coherence properties (called Laguerre non-uniformly correlated beams) in free space and in a turbulent atmosphere. We focus on how different initial beam orders and coherence lengths affect the propagation behavior of the beams, such as the evolution of intensity, degree of coherence, propagation factor, and beam wander. Our results show that non-uniform coherence properties play a role in resisting the degrading effects of turbulence. Furthermore,
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50

Guerrero-Viramontes, J. A., D. Moreno-Hernández, F. Mendoza-Santoyo, and M. Funes-Gallanzi. "3D particle positioning from CCD images using the generalized Lorenz–Mie and Huygens–Fresnel theories." Measurement Science and Technology 17, no. 8 (2006): 2328–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/17/8/039.

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