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1
Narayan, R. S., S. Mohan, and K. Sunitha. "Simulative Study into the Development of a Hybrid HVDC System Through a Comparative Research with HVAC: a Futuristic Approach." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 7, no. 3 (2017): 1600–1604. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.1192.
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High Voltage Direct Current Transmission (HVDC) is considered a better solution for bulk long distance transmissions. The increased use of HVDC is a result of its advantages over the HVAC systems and especially of its fault stability nature. A better solution is proposed by using a Voltage Source Controlled–HVDC as one of the infeed for the Multi-Infeed HVDC (MIDC or MI-HVDC) systems. The main advantage with the VSC converter is its flexible power control which enhances the stability of the MIDC systems. In this paper, the behavior of an HVDC system is compared with that of an HVAC during faults. A Hybrid HVDC system that includes a LCC as a rectifier unit and a VSC converter as the inverter is being proposed. It is considered suitable for MIDC systems and particularly for supplying a weak AC system. The performance of the system during steady state and transient conditions for all the proposed topologies including HVDC, HVAC and Hybrid HVDC are studied in MATLAB/SIMULINK. All of the proposed control strategies are evaluated via a series of simulation case studies.
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Narayan, R. S., S. Mohan, and K. Sunitha. "Simulative Study into the Development of a Hybrid HVDC System Through a Comparative Research with HVAC: a Futuristic Approach." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 7, no. 3 (2017): 1600–1604. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.809228.
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High Voltage Direct Current Transmission (HVDC) is considered a better solution for bulk long distance transmissions. The increased use of HVDC is a result of its advantages over the HVAC systems and especially of its fault stability nature. A better solution is proposed by using a Voltage Source Controlled–HVDC as one of the infeed for the Multi-Infeed HVDC (MIDC or MI-HVDC) systems. The main advantage with the VSC converter is its flexible power control which enhances the stability of the MIDC systems. In this paper, the behavior of an HVDC system is compared with that of an HVAC during faults. A Hybrid HVDC system that includes a LCC as a rectifier unit and a VSC converter as the inverter is being proposed. It is considered suitable for MIDC systems and particularly for supplying a weak AC system. The performance of the system during steady state and transient conditions for all the proposed topologies including HVDC, HVAC and Hybrid HVDC are studied in MATLAB/SIMULINK. All of the proposed control strategies are evaluated via a series of simulation case studies.
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Sunil, Kumar* Astha Dixit. "HIGH VOLTAGE DIRECT CURRENT (HVDC) IN APPLICATIONS FOR DISTRIBUTED INDEPENDENT POWER PROVIDERS (IPP)." Global Journal of Engineering Science and Research Management 6, no. 5 (2019): 89–100. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3075762.
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Last some decades the increase the demand of electricity, now it is used mostly bulk power transmission system over long distances and it is interconnected to grid system. The generation of HVDC, the growth of power demand for consumption and utility. Now a day HVDC systemic good solution over HVAC system. My scope of this research on focused on use and development of HVDC and study the ac to dc and dc to ac converter this thesis the compression between HVDC and HVAC overhead transmission system and to study of network of HVDC system. In this research HVDC system, mainly VSC-HVDC is used as interface to interconnected independent power provider system to grid system. There are some advantage due to fault accurse, it is independent of active power and reactive power. VSC-HVDC have advantages to protect integration of IPPs, interconnected to grid for stabilization. MATLAB/Simulink simulations for different grid connection for VSC-HVDC system. Due to IPPs technology model performs are studies due disturbance analysis of dynamic response with help of. MATLAB/Simulink simulations. So that the Simulation is satisfied condition and power quality improvement. And due to fault occur in VSC-HVDC system to prevent the propagation from grid to integrated IPPs units.
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Madras, University. "HVDC Links for Automatic Generation Control in a Multi-Area Interconnected Power System." Journal of Science Engineering Technology and Management Science 02, no. 04 (2025): 27–33. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15063908.
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<em> </em><em>This research analyses how variations in multi-area power system automatic generation control (AGC) work when an HVDC system functions with an HVAC system taking into account system parameter alterations. A fuzzy logic controller serves to connect four areas through parallel HVAC/HVDC transmission link systems also referred to as asynchronous tie lines. A linear model of HVAC/HVDC becomes available for evaluation purposes while analyzing abrupt load variations in the system. The investigation uses a four-area interconnected thermal power system. A system whose dynamic performance has been improved will deliver appropriate solutions to the automatic generation control problem affecting the four-region electrical power system. The controller robustness evaluation happens through varying system parameters. The simulation output demonstrates effectiveness of this approach. Advanced Fuzzy logic controllers in MATLAB-Simulink perform dynamic system analysis both in presence of and absence of an HVDC link. The suggested system achieves better results regarding settling time and overshoot compared to the existing model.</em>
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Hussain, Abadal Salam T., F. Malek, S. Faiz Ahmed, et al. "Operational Optimization of High Voltage Power Station Based Fuzzy Logic Intelligent Controller." Applied Mechanics and Materials 793 (September 2015): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.793.100.
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This paper discusses the use of the intelligent microcontroller and also discusses the results from the simulation application of fuzzy logic theory to the control of the high voltage direct and alternation current (HVDC)& (HVAC) power station systems. The application considered their implementation in both low and high level control systems in HVDC& HVAC power station systems. The results for the fuzzy logic based controller shows many improvements compared to the conventional HVDC& HVAC control system. The fuzzy logic based controller concept was further successfully extended to high level control of optimization problems such as the power swings. Based on simulation results, HVDC and HVAC breaker design are online protection against unwanted incidents happening to the system.
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Yang, Wen Qing, Wei Cao, Jian Kun Wu, and Lin Chen. "Research on the Technology of Converting the Existing AC Lines to DC Lines." Advanced Materials Research 614-615 (December 2012): 1394–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.614-615.1394.
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Power transmission is a key link in power system. As the increase of power supply, the transmission capacity of the lines should be enlarged too. In the developed area, the right-of-way for transmission line is hard to be obtained. And converting the existing HVAC overhead transmission lines using HVDC technology could enhance the transmission capability. There are three possible plans for different HVAC transmission lines: single-pole HVDC, bi-pole HVDC and tri-pole HVDC.
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G, D. Kamalapur, and Arakeri Keerti. "A Comparative Study of Monopolar and Bipolar HVDC Transmission Systems." European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology 7, no. 8 (2020): 21–26. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10667501.
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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> In recent years, there is a rapid growth in the demand for electricity and this demand is geographically uneven. Power is generated at remote locations and the wheeling of this power through AC lines is restricted by stability limitations. With the increasing size and complexity of transmission network its performance decreases. Hence there is a need for upgrading the existing system. This can be done by incorporating FACTS devices or by using HVDC transmission. FACTS devices are effective only for a limited distance and for long transmission HVDC is more advantageous. An attempt is made in this paper for a comparative study of three different long transmission technologies; High voltage AC (HVAC), monopolar High voltage DC (HVDC) and bipolar High voltage DC (HVDC). These are compared in terms of voltage regulation, THD and power loss for different transmission line lengths. The breakeven distance for monopolar and bipolar HVDC systems, power up gradation has been calculated by comparing the receiving end power in HVDC system with conventional HVAC system.
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Siregar, Yulianta, and Credo Pardede. "Study of Hybrid Transmission HVAC/HVDC by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)." Energies 15, no. 20 (2022): 7638. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15207638.
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There are considerable power losses in Indonesia’s SUMBAGUT 150 kV transmission High Voltage Alternating Current Network (HVAC) system. These power losses and the voltage profile are critical problems in the transmission network system. This research provides one possible way to reduce power losses involving the use of a High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) network system. Determining the location to convert HVAC into HVDC is very important. The authors of the current study used Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to determine the optimal location on the 150 kV SUMBAGUT HVAC transmission network system. The study results show that, before using the HVDC network system, the power loss was 68.41 MW. On the other hand, power loss with the conversion of one transmission line to HVDC was 57.31 MW for “Paya Pasir–Paya Geli” (efficiency 16.22%), 51.79 MW for “Paya Pasir–Sei Rotan” (efficiency 24.29%), and 60.8 MW for “Renun–Sisikalang” (efficiency 110.12%). The power loss with the conversion of two transmission lines to HVDC was 45.7 MW for “Paya Pasir–Paya Geli” and “Paya Pasir–Sei Rotan” (efficiency 33.19%), 44.95 MW for “Paya Pasir–Paya Geli” and “Renun–Sidikalang” (efficiency 26.98%), and 44.69 MW for “Paya Pasir–Sei Rotan” and “Renun–Sidikalang” (efficiency 34.67%). The power loss with the conversion of three transmission lines to HVDC was 38.71 MW for “Paya Pasir–Paya Geli,” “Paya Pasir–Sei Rotan,” and “Renun–Sidikalang” (efficiency 41.41%).
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Laninga, Jeff, Ali Nasr Esfahani, Gevindu Ediriweera, Nathan Jacob, and Behzad Kordi. "Monitoring Technologies for HVDC Transmission Lines." Energies 16, no. 13 (2023): 5085. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16135085.
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HVDC transmission systems are becoming more prevalent because of the advantages they offer. They are more efficient and environmentally friendly and are becoming preferred in distributed power generation. The reliable operation of HVDC transmission lines requires distributed, online monitoring, which is not as well-developed as those in an HVAC system. The advancement of HVDC systems will require online monitoring that provides information on the operating and environmental conditions, mechanical stress on the conductors and the structure, vegetation clearance, and security of the system. This perspective paper provides a thorough overview of the state-of-the-art technologies that are applicable to the monitoring of HVDC transmission lines. The challenges and future direction in the development of sensors for HVDC applications are highlighted. One of the key challenges unique to HVDC transmission lines is energy harvesting from the transmission line conductors to provide power for the monitoring equipment. This paper reviews the potential technologies for energy harvesting from HVAC transmission lines and their suitability for employment in HVDC transmission lines.
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Koondhar, Mohsin Ali, Ghulam Sarwar Kaloi, Abdul Sattar Saand, et al. "Critical Technical Issues with a Voltage-Source-Converter-Based High Voltage Direct Current Transmission System for the Onshore Integration of Offshore Wind Farms." Sustainability 15, no. 18 (2023): 13526. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151813526.
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Long-distance offshore wind power transmission systems utilize multi-terminal high voltage direct current (MT-HVDC) connections based on voltage source converters (VSCs). In addition to having the potential to work around restrictions, the VSC-based MT-HVDC transmission system has significant technical and economic merits over the HVAC transmission system. Offshore wind farms (OWFs) will inevitably grow because of their outstanding resistance to climate change and ability to provide sustainable energy without producing hazardous waste. Due to stronger and more persistent sea winds, the OWF often has a higher generation capacity with less negative climate effects. The majority of modern installations are distant from the shore and produce more power than the early OWF sites, which are situated close to the shore. This paradigm shift has compelled industry and professional researchers to examine transmission choices more closely, specifically HVAC and HVDC transmission. This article conducts a thorough analysis of grid connection technologies for massive OWF integration. In comparison to earlier assessments, a more detailed discussion of HVDC and HVAC topologies, including HVDC based on VSCs and line-commutated converters (LCCs), and all DC transmission systems, is offered. Finally, a selection criterion for HVDC transmission is advised, and its use is argued to be growing.
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Bidadfar, Ali, Oscar Saborío-Romano, Jayachandra Naidu Sakamuri, Vladislav Akhmatov, Nicolaos Antonio Cutululis, and Poul Ejnar Sørensen. "Coordinated Control of HVDC and HVAC Power Transmission Systems Integrating a Large Offshore Wind Farm." Energies 12, no. 18 (2019): 3435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12183435.
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The development of efficient and reliable offshore electrical transmission infrastructure is a key factor in the proliferation of offshore wind farms (OWFs). Traditionally, high-voltage AC (HVAC) transmission has been used for OWFs. Recently, voltage-source-converter-based (VSC-based) high-voltage DC (VSC-HVDC) transmission technologies have also been considered due to their grid-forming capabilities. Diode-rectifier-based (DR-based) HVDC (DR-HVDC) transmission is also getting attention due to its increased reliability and reduced offshore platform footprint. Parallel operation of transmission systems using such technologies can be expected in the near future as new OWFs are planned in the vicinity of existing ones, with connections to more than one onshore AC system. This work addresses the control and parallel operation of three transmission links: VSC-HVDC, DR-HVDC, and HVAC, connecting a large OWF (cluster) to three different onshore AC systems. The HVAC link forms the offshore AC grid, while the diode rectifier and the wind farm are synchronized to this grid voltage. The offshore HVDC converter can operate in grid-following or grid-forming mode, depending on the requirement. The contributions of this paper are threefold. (1) Novel DR- and VSC-HVDC control methods are proposed for the parallel operation of the three transmission systems. (2) An effective control method for the offshore converter of VSC-HVDC is proposed such that it can effectively operate as either a grid-following or a grid-forming converter. (3) A novel phase-locked loop (PLL) control for VSC-HVDC is proposed for the easy transition from the grid-following to the grid-forming converter in case the HVAC link trips. Dynamic simulations in PSCAD validate the ability of the proposed controllers to ride through faults and transition between grid-following and grid-forming operation.
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Ndlela, Nomihla Wandile, and Innocent Ewean Davidson. "Network Coordination between High-Voltage DC and High-Voltage AC Transmission Systems Using Flexible AC Transmission System Controllers." Energies 15, no. 19 (2022): 7402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15197402.
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The strategic intent of the African Union is to develop a “Smart Integrated African Electric Power Super Grid” driven by modern tools and advances in high-voltage direct current (HVDC) engineering and flexible alternating current technology systems (FACTS), which is central in supporting Africa’s sustained economic growth and development. The southern African region, including South Africa, is beset by the critical challenges of perennial load-shedding, which impedes economic growth and aggravates unemployment. This has led to the insecurity of electricity supplies and degraded the quality of life. The parallel operation of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) and flexible AC technology systems (FACTS) controllers is gaining traction as system conditions become more complex, such as weak power networks which requires increased stability requirements, resulting in load-shedding and power outages. These adversely affect business productivity and adversely affect GDP and economic growth. Thus, the application of innovative technologies such as HVDC links can stabilize weak power systems. It is established that HVDC delivery systems reduce losses in long transmission lines transporting bulk power compared with high-voltage alternating current (HVAC) transmission lines for power wheeling. This paper evaluates the parallel operation of the Cahora Bassa 1414 km bipolar HVDC link and a weak parallel 400/330 kV alternating current (AC) link. It demonstrates the use of FACTS controllers to enhance the technical performance of an existing network, such as voltage control, and technical loss reduction. It combines an HVDC line commutated converter (LCC) and HVAC transmission lines, in hybrid notation to increase the voltage stability of the system by controlling the reactive power with a Static Var Compensator (SVC). These modern tools can increase the transmission power controllability and stability of the power network. In this study, HVDC–LCC was used with a setpoint of 1000 MW in conjunction with the 850 MVAr SVC. The results show that the technical losses were reduced by 0.24% from 84.32 MW to 60.32 MW as Apollo 275 kV SVC was utilized for voltage control. The network analysis was performed using DIgSILENT PowerFactory software that is manufactured by DIgSILENT GmbH at Gomaringen, Germany
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Muzzammel, Raheel. "Traveling Waves-Based Method for Fault Estimation in HVDC Transmission System." Energies 12, no. 19 (2019): 3614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12193614.
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The HVDC transmission system is winning hearts of researchers and electrical engineers because of its notable merits as compared to the HVAC transmission system in the case of long-distance bulk power transmission. The HVDC transmission system is known for its low losses, effective control ability, efficiency and reliability. However, because of the sudden build-up of fault current in the HVDC transmission system, conventional relays and circuit breakers are required to be modified. Detection of fault location is an important parameter of protection of the HVDC transmission system. In this research paper, fault location methods based on traveling waves are reviewed for the HVDC transmission system. Arrival time and natural frequency are the two parameters of measurement in traveling waves. Advantages and disadvantages of methods of traveling waves with respect to their quantities of measurements are analyzed critically. Further, a two-terminal HVDC test grid is simulated over Matlab/Simulink. Different types of AC and DC faults and at different locations are analyzed on a test grid. A traveling wave-based technique of fault estimation is developed and is evaluated for identification, classification and finding location of faults to validate its performance. Moreover, this technique is supported with analysis of fast Fourier transform to accelerate its practicality and realization.
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Wu, Yuan Kang, Ching Yin Lee, Dong Jing Lee, and Yung Ching Huang. "Comparative Analysis of HVAC, HVDC and Hybrid HVAC-HVDC Transmission System Based Offshore Wind Farm." Advanced Materials Research 953-954 (June 2014): 342–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.953-954.342.
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Taiwan is developing the renewable energy actively, in which the wind energy is seen as one of important resources. However, the suitable locations for wind farm constructions are less and less on the shore, and the trend of wind farm development in the future will toward to offshore where the installation capacity of the wind farm could reach hundreds of megawatts. As the installation capacity of the wind farm increases, the effects on the interconnected AC grid are also more notable. In this paper, the off-peak system in Taiwan is used as a studied system in which the Penghu area and Taiwan grid is connected by submarine cables. This study explores the wind farm transmission system including HVAC, HVDC, and hybrid HVAC-HVDC systems and compares the differences of their impact on the system.
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Jung, Seungmin, and Minhan Yoon. "An Optimal HVDC Type Study to Increase Wind Power Capacity in Multi-Infeed HVDC Systems." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.39 (2018): 660–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.39.25676.
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Background/Objectives: The implementation of renewable energy sources such as wind power generators on power system and the use of DC systems that can compensate for unstable characteristics is increasing.Methods/Statistical analysis: In this paper, interaction factor criteria among buses for voltage stability criteria inertia criteria analysis for frequency stability are introduced in case that several HVDC converter stations are installed close to each other. The method has estimated a system stability analysis including stability, reliability, and interaction based on the generator constraints. To calculate available renewable energy capacity, power balance combination analysis has been performed.Findings: Conventional methods for analysis of HVDC system input are generally applied to a single infeed HVDC. In this paper, based on the existing analysis method, we analyze the influence of several and various types of HVDCs on the system and propose must-run generator condition to maintain the stability of the system. Furthermore, the effect on wind power penetration limit was analyzed depending on the combination of HVDC system. The superiority of VSC in multi-infeed HVDC system to promote renewable energy implementation could be estimated through the proposed analysis method.Improvements/Applications: The power system planning and operation including high penetration of renewable energy resources and multi-infeed HVDC system would be performed more appropriately.Â
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Oni, Oluwafemi Emmanuel, Kamati I. Mbangula, and Innocent Davidson E. Davidson. "Dynamic Voltage Stability Studies using a Modified IEEE 30-Bus System." Transactions on Environment and Electrical Engineering 1, no. 3 (2016): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.22149/teee.v1i3.30.
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Power System stability is an essential study in the planning and operation of an efficient, economic, reliable and secure electric power system because it encompasses all the facet of power systems operations, from planning, to conceptual design stages of the project as well as during the systems operating life span. This paper presents different scenario of power system stability studies on a modified IEEE 30-bus system which is subjected to different faults conditions. A scenario whereby the longest high voltage alternating current (HVAC) line is replaced with a high voltage direct current (HVDC) line was implemented. The results obtained show that the HVDC line enhances system stability more compared to the contemporary HVAC line. Dynamic analysis using RMS simulation tool was used on DigSILENT PowerFactory.
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Zhang, Jian, Xin Long Zheng, Guo Zhi Chen, Zhi Gang Zhang, and Bei Bei Xu. "Economic Comparison of VSC-HVDC and HVAC Systems for Connections of Offshore Wind Farms." Applied Mechanics and Materials 672-674 (October 2014): 325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.672-674.325.
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Large-scale offshore wind power has been developed in recent years, and two possibilities are considered for the transmission system between the offshore wind farms and the onshore grid: VSC-HVDC and HVAC. The paper aims to compare both systems for 300MW offshore wind farms, 25 km, 50km and 75km from the Point of Common Coupling on an economic basis using a DCF(discounted cash flow) analysis. A linear fit to the net present values has been made, obtaining the break-even distance of 47km. When the transmission distance is shorter than 47km, the HVAC system is more economic, otherwise the VSC-HVDC system is a more cost-efficient option.
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Rios, Mario A., and Fredy A. Acero. "Planning multi-terminal direct current grids based graphs theory." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 11, no. 1 (2021): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i1.pp37-46.
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Transmission expansion planning in AC power systems is well known and employs a variety of optimization techniques and methodologies that have been used in recent years. By contrast, the planning of HVDC systems is a new matter for the interconnection of large power systems, and the interconnection of renewable sources in power systems. Although the HVDC systems has evolved, the first implementations were made considering only the needs of transmission of large quantities of power to be connected to the bulk AC power system. However, for the future development of HVDC systems, meshed or not, each AC system must be flexible to allow the expansion of these for future conditions. Hence, a first step for planning HVDC grids is the planning and development of multi-terminal direct current (MTDC) systems which will be later transformed in a meshed system. This paper presented a methodology that use graph theory for planning MTDC grids and for the selection of connection buses of the MTDC to an existing HVAC transmission system. The proposed methodology was applied to the Colombian case, where the obtained results permit to migrate the system from a single HVDC line to a MTDC grid.
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Mario, A. Rios, and A. Acero Fredy. "Planning multi-terminal direct current grids based graphs theory." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 11, no. 1 (2021): 37–46. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i1.pp37-46.
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Transmission expansion planning in AC power systems is well known and employs a variety of optimization techniques and methodologies that have been used in recent years. By contrast, the planning of HVDC systems is a new matter for the interconnection of large power systems, and the interconnection of renewable sources in power systems. Although the HVDC systems has evolved, the first implementations were made considering only the needs of transmission of large quantities of power to be connected to the bulk AC power system. However, for the future development of HVDC systems, meshed or not, each AC system must be flexible to allow the expansion of these for future conditions. Hence, a first step for planning HVDC grids is the planning and development of multiterminal direct current (MTDC) systems which will be later transformed in a meshed system. This paper presented a methodology that use graph theory for planning MTDC grids and for the selection of connection buses of the MTDC to an existing HVAC transmission system. The proposed methodology was applied to the Colombian case, where the obtained results permit to migrate the system from a single HVDC line to a MTDC grid.
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Saadeh, Osama, Baher Abu Sba, and Zakariya Dalala. "Power System Analysis of Moving from HVAC to HVDC in the Presence of Renewable Energy Resources." Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2023 (November 8, 2023): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/8527308.
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As global energy consumption continues to increase, increased utilization and adaptation of renewable energy resources have tremendously increased over the last decades. Unfortunately, despite the many benefits of renewable energy resources, the intermittent nature of generation and the far distance of large installations from demand centers have tremendous effects on the connecting grid’s stability. In this study, high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems are proposed as a solution for stable and reliable grid operation in the presence of large renewable energy installations. This research investigates the deployment of an HVDC system into an entire network rather than studying it as an isolated radial system. Various power system analysis functions for both static and dynamic conditions are used to study the effect of integrating an HVDC system on the overall network’s stability. To verify the proposed approach, Jordan’s national electric grid was modeled and used as a case study. The results show when deploying HVDC transmission, losses are reduced by 70% from the baseline case, in addition to better handling of contingency events and enhanced grid’s stability when examining the generator’s rotor angle and speed. Rigorous modeling and simulations of the proposed system structure show the feasibility and prove the advantages of modern HVDC systems over HVAC counterparts.
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Syllignakis, John E., and Fotis D. Kanellos. "Operation Analysis of Power Systems with HVDC Interconnections Using a Transient Stability Aware OPF Method." Energies 17, no. 21 (2024): 5279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17215279.
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High-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems are widely used today due to their several advantages over high-voltage alternative current (HVAC) systems. They are primarily utilized in connecting different large grids or smaller independent networks, especially in submarine interconnections. Many studies have been conducted globally on the optimal planning, operation, and control of these power systems. Understanding the transient stability of these systems during significant disturbances is also of great importance. This paper specifically focuses on power systems with HVDC connections and high penetration of renewable energy sources. Analytical models were developed for power system components like HVDC converters, DC lines, and full converter wind generators. A simulation of a test-case power system was conducted, including various significant disturbances such as HVDC line trips, short circuits, power unit failures, and major changes in load. The voltage and frequency stability of the system under specific operational scenarios was also examined. The results obtained indicate technical limitations and operating guidelines to avoid undesirable conditions and system failure. In conclusion, adopting short-term stability tests the optimal operation point of the system, and the limitations in the penetration by RES units can be decided.
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Zakaria, Zahriladha, and Sabah Ramadhan Mohammed. "Computer Simulation of New High Capacity and Low-Loss HVDC Transmission for Sustainable Energy Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 699 (November 2014): 788–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.699.788.
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This paper presents a new technique for the design of high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system to transmit the electrical energy generated by sustainable energy sources to load center located at far distances. The problems with high power capacity and power loss of high voltage alternating current (HVAC) system particularly in long distance transmission, has led to emerge new technology which is HVDC transmission. Therefore, with the development of high voltage valves, it is possible to transmit DC power at high voltages and over long distances. Simulation results show that the HVDC has the capability to produce ±1000 kV with high power capacity of 3 GW and efficiency equal to 98% for load center located at 1000 km. The simulation of this study is implemented using MATLAB/Simulink software. This study provides an insight and useful for the design of future HVDC transmission technology to deliver a large amount of electricity over long distance efficiently.
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Le, Kim Hung, Ngoc Thien Nam Tran, Viet Tri Nguyen, The Khanh Truong, and Minh Quan Duong. "Operating Performance of Power Systems Integrated HVDC Solution: KonTum-GiaLai Transmission System Case Considering Penetration of Renewable Energy." Journal of Science and Technology: Issue on Information and Communications Technology 18, no. 4.2 (2020): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31130/ict-ud.2020.103.
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The increasing demand for electricity along with the development of distributed generators showed that improving transmission efficiency and reliability is an indispensable requirement in the operation of the power system. Advanced technologies need to be applied to modern power systems for purposes of conveying large power flows, mitigating the risk of faults. High-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission is now considered an effective solution for investment in large-length power lines, replacing the conventional high-voltage alternative current (HVAC) transmission system, especially in period of increasing generation capacity due to the penetration of renewable energy sources. This study assesses the performance of the HVDC system on an actual power grid based on planning and improvement demands. The calculation results of power flows, power losses and short-circuit faults were investigated using ETAP software
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Saadeh, Mahmood, Mohammad Hamdan, and Osama Saadeh. "Modelling and control of LCL voltage source converter-based hybrid high voltage alternating current/high voltage direct current system." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 15, no. 2 (2025): 1297. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v15i2.pp1297-1321.
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Voltage source converters (VSCs) have revolutionized high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission, offering numerous advantages such as black start capability, absence of commutation failure, and efficient control of bidirectional power flow. This study introduces a comparative analysis of advanced VSC technologies, focusing on a novel series hybrid converter incorporating an inductor-capacitor-inductor (LCL) passive circuit. This configuration is explored for its potential to enhance both high voltage alternating current (HVAC) and high voltage direct current (HVDC) side fault suppression capabilities and improve DC output voltage quality, addressing critical drawbacks of traditional VSCs. Through comprehensive simulations in MATLAB/Simulink, this research evaluates and compares three different converter topologies: the three-level neutral point clamped converter, the hybrid converter with AC side cascaded H-bridge cells, and the LCL hybrid converter. The comparison is based on key performance metrics such as DC output voltage quality, fault suppression capabilities, and system efficiency during normal and fault conditions. The study finds that the LCL hybrid converter outperforms traditional converters by significantly improving DC output voltage quality and enhancing fault suppression capabilities in HVDC systems. It effectively reduces ripple and maintains stability during faults, making it a superior choice for future HVDC converter designs and applications, offering valuable insights for advancing HVDC technology.
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Zhou, Xia, Cangbi Ding, Jianfeng Dai, et al. "An Active Power Coordination Control Strategy for AC/DC Transmission Systems to Mitigate Subsequent Commutation Failures in HVDC Systems." Electronics 10, no. 23 (2021): 3044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10233044.
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Subsequent commutation failures (CFs) in HVDC systems will cause large-scale power flow transfer in AC/DC transmission systems and lead to overload risk in HVAC systems. In order to cope with these effects, a power coordination control strategy for the AC/DC transmission system with high-proportion wind power is proposed. Firstly, a model of the AC/DC transmission system considering the large-scale wind farms access is established by analyzing the power transmission characteristics of the AC/DC transmission system with high-proportion wind power, and the power transmission characteristics are analyzed after subsequent CFs. Secondly, the HVDC subsequent CFs can be mitigated by adjusting DC power transmission, while the active power output of the sending-end AC system is reduced by active control of wind turbine generators (WTGs) to reduce the overload risk of the HVAC system. Finally, the proposed power coordination control strategy is simulated and verified based on the established simulation model and actual power grid, and the results show that this strategy can effectively mitigate HVDC’s subsequent CFs and reduce the overload risk in HVAC systems.
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Yang, Zhichao, Bingtuan Gao, and Zeyu Cao. "Optimal Current Allocation Strategy for Hybrid Hierarchical HVDC System with Parallel Operation of High-Voltage and Low-Voltage DC Lines." Processes 10, no. 3 (2022): 579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10030579.
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For long-distance and bulk-power delivery of new energy, high-voltage direct current (HVDC) is a more effective way than high-voltage alternative current (HVAC). In view of the current capacity disparity between line commutated converter (LCC) and voltage source converter (VSC), a hybrid hierarchical HVDC topology with parallel operation of 800 kV and 400 kV DC lines is investigated. The optimal current allocation method for hybrid hierarchical HVDC is proposed distinct from the same rated current command configuration method of high-voltage and low-voltage converters in traditional topology. Considering the transmission loss reduction of the HVDC system, a multi-order fitting function of transmission loss including LCC converter stations, VSC converter stations and DC lines is established. To minimize the transmission loss and the voltage deviation of key DC nodes comprehensively, a multi-objective genetic algorithm and maximum satisfaction method are utilized to obtain the optimal allocation value of rated current command for high-voltage and low-voltage converters. Through the optimization model, an improved constant current controller based on the current allocation strategy is designed. The hybrid hierarchical HVDC system model is built in PSCAD software, and simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed topology and optimal current allocation strategy.
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Gandotra, Rupika, Kanika, and Kirti Pal. "The VSC-HVDC Transmission System Performance Assessment." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2570, no. 1 (2023): 012025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2570/1/012025.
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Abstract As the use of renewable resources increases the transfer of power from remote area to consumer is a big challenge. Therefore, Voltage Source Converter High Voltage Direct Current (VSC-HVDC) transmission is gaining more popularity for integration of renewable energy generators to the consumers using smart grid. Even after many advantages of HVDC transmission system it is not used popularly due to unexpected instability in the system. However recent developments in semiconductor devices and control techniques the HVDC link operation in transmission system becomes easier. In this paper VSC based HVDC system is designed with AC-DC converter model for power flow assessment of both sides of HVDC link. To analyze the proposed model a simulation model of 75km DC line with voltage source converter (VSC) based AC-DC converter model on both side of DC line is designed in a MATLAB environment. HVDC link efficiency is calculated by analyzing power flow through AC lines at both ends of HVDC line.
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Guntamukkala, Vamsi, Kiran Kumar P, and Joga Rao G. "A Novel Method for Starting of VSC-HVDC System." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) 10, no. 2 (2021): 175–80. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.B6009.0710221.
Full textAbstract:
The voltage source converters (VSCs) are the circuits, which convert the power from one form to the other. The application of voltage source converter is vital in HVDC systems. The voltage source converter technology is employed for the smooth operation of any HVDC system. Hence, the HVDC systems based on VSC are gaining importance compared to the other HVDC systems. The starting up process of HVDC system is associated with large value of current, so a proper method of starting is required for the safe operation of the HVDC system. In this paper, a new and novel method is proposed for the smooth starting of the VSC based HVDC system, which will limit the current successfully with high speed operation.
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Mohd, Liaqat. "HVDC System a Need for Future Power Transmission." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 3, no. 2 (2019): 165–71. https://doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd20318.
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The continuously increasing demand for electric power and the economic access to remote renewable energy sources such as off shore wind power or solar thermal generation in deserts have revived the interest in high voltage direct current HVDC multiterminal systems networks . A lot of work was done in this area, especially in the 1980s, but only two three terminal systems were realized. Since then, HVDC technology has advanced considerably and, despite numerous technical challenges, the realization of large scale HVDC networks is now seriously discussed and considered. For the acceptance and reliability of these networks, the availability of HVDC circuit breakers CBs will be critical, making them one of the key enabling technologies. Numerous ideas for HVDC breaker schemes have been published and patented, but no acceptable solution has been found to interrupt HVDC short circuit currents. This paper aims to summarize the literature, especially that of the last two decades, on technology areas that are relevant to HVDC breakers. By comparing the mainly 20 years old, state of the art HVDC CBs to the new HVDC technology, existing discrepancies become evident. Areas where additional research and development are needed are identified and proposed. for the couple of well known applications are discussed. Mohd Liaqat "HVDC System: a Need for Future Power Transmission" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-2 , February 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd20318.pdf
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Chetty, L., and N. M. Ijumba. "System Identification of Classic HVDC Systems." SAIEE Africa Research Journal 102, no. 4 (2011): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/saiee.2011.8531910.
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Vamsi, G., P. Kiran Kumar, and G. Joga Rao. "A Novel Method for Starting of VSC-HVDC System." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) 10, no. 2 (2021): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.b6009.0710221.
Full textAbstract:
The voltage source converters (VSCs) are the circuits, which convert the power from one form to the other. The application of voltage source converter is vital in HVDC systems. The voltage source converter technology is employed for the smooth operation of any HVDC system. Hence, the HVDC systems based on VSC are gaining importance compared to the other HVDC systems. The starting up process of HVDC system is associated with large value of current, so a proper method of starting is required for the safe operation of the HVDC system. In this paper, a new and novel method is proposed for the smooth starting of the VSC based HVDC system, which will limit the current successfully with high speed operation. Index Terms: Nine level MLI, Control of inverter, Modular Inverter.
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Li, Zhengyang. "High-Voltage Direct Current Transmission Systems Based on Silicon Carbide MOSFETs." Transactions on Computer Science and Intelligent Systems Research 7 (November 25, 2024): 13–19. https://doi.org/10.62051/1ffqyk92.
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High-Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission technology plays a pivotal role in modern power systems due to its capability for efficient long-distance power transmission. Compared to traditional High-Voltage Alternating Current (HVAC) transmission, HVDC systems offer significant advantages in reducing transmission losses, enhancing transmission capacity, and bolstering system stability. In recent years, the use of Silicon Carbide (SiC) materials in power electronic devices has gained widespread attention. Compared to traditional silicon-based MOSFETs, SiC MOSFETs have a higher breakdown electric field, a wider bandgap, and higher thermal conductivity. These characteristics makes them highly promising in high-voltage, high-power applications and considered a significant developmental direction for future high-performance power electronic devices. This paper will initially introduce the material characteristics of SiC, including polymorphism, wide bandgap, and diverse characteristic colors. It will also discuss the structure and main characteristics of SiC MOSFETs, including transfer, output, and breakdown characteristics. Subsequently, it will present the fundamental principles of HVDC systems and the two primary topologies: Line Commutated Converter HVDC and Voltage Source Converters HVDC. Lastly, it will discuss the advantages of SiC MOSFETs over silicon devices in HVDC, along with potential application prospects. The research findings indicate that SiC MOSFETs possess significant application potential and technological advantages in high-voltage direct current transmission, providing theoretical support and a practical foundation for the optimization of future power electronic systems.
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Saadeh, Mahmood, Mohammad Hamdan, and Osama Saadeh. "Modelling and control of LCL voltage source converter-based hybrid high voltage alternating current/high voltage direct current system." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 15, no. 2 (2025): 1297–321. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v15i2.pp1297-1321.
Full textAbstract:
Voltage source converters (VSCs) have revolutionized high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission, offering numerous advantages such as black start capability, absence of commutation failure, and efficient control of bidirectional power flow. This study introduces a comparative analysis of advanced VSC technologies, focusing on a novel series hybrid converter incorporating an inductor-capacitor-inductor (LCL) passive circuit. This configuration is explored for its potential to enhance both high voltage alternating current (HVAC) and high voltage direct current (HVDC) side fault suppression capabilities and improve DC output voltage quality, addressing critical drawbacks of traditional VSCs. Through comprehensive simulations in MATLAB/Simulink, this research evaluates and compares three different converter topologies: the three-level neutral point clamped converter, the hybrid converter with AC side cascaded H-bridge cells, and the LCL hybrid converter. The comparison is based on key performance metrics such as DC output voltage quality, fault suppression capabilities, and system efficiency during normal and fault conditions. The study finds that the LCL hybrid converter outperforms traditional converters by significantly improving DC output voltage quality and enhancing fault suppression capabilities in HVDC systems. It effectively reduces ripple and maintainsstability during faults, making it a superior choice for future HVDC converter designs and applications, offering valuable insights for advancing HVDC technology.
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Reed, Liza, M. Granger Morgan, Parth Vaishnav, and Daniel Erian Armanios. "Converting existing transmission corridors to HVDC is an overlooked option for increasing transmission capacity." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 28 (2019): 13879–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1905656116.
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A changing generation mix and growing demand for carbon-free electricity will almost certainly require dramatic changes in the infrastructure and topology of the electricity system. Rather than build new lines, one way to minimize social opposition and regulatory obstacles is to increase the capacity of existing transmission corridors. In addition to upgrading the capacity of high-voltage alternating current (HVAC) lines, we identify a number of situations in which conversion from HVAC to high-voltage direct current (HVDC) is the least-cost strategy to increase the capacity of the corridor. If restricted to the existing right-of-way (ROW), we find DC conversion to be the least-cost, and in some cases the only, option for distances of >200 km or for increases of >50% capacity. Across all configurations analyzed, we assess HVDC conversion to be the lower-cost option at >350 km and >50% capacity increases. While we recognize that capacity expansion through HVDC conversion may be the optimal solution in only some situations, with future improvements in the cost and performance of solid-state power electronics, conversion to HVDC could be attractive in a growing set of circumstances.
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Yang, Guang Hao, You Bing Zhang, Ji Yun Yu, and Hui Yong Liu. "Modeling and Simulation of MMC-HVDC Energy System." Advanced Materials Research 960-961 (June 2014): 1361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.960-961.1361.
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In order to study the steady-state performance of modular multilevel voltage source converter (MMC-HVDC), a 21-level MMC-HVDC system is modeled by PSCAD/EMTDC software. This system uses the DC voltage and active power controls, which are designed by the fundamental operation principles and mathematical models of MMC-HVDC. By analyzing the steady-state performance of MMC-HVDC, the corresponding simulation waveforms verify the correctness and validity of the simulation model.
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Wu, Xinglong, Zheng Xu, and Zheren Zhang. "Power Stability Analysis and Evaluation Criteria of Dual-Infeed HVDC with LCC-HVDC and VSC-HVDC." Applied Sciences 11, no. 13 (2021): 5847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11135847.
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This paper analyzes the power stability of the hybrid dual-infeed high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) system containing a line commutated converter-based HVDC (LCC-HVDC) and a voltage source converter-based HVDC (VSC-HVDC). First, the concept and the calculation method of power stability for the hybrid dual-infeed HVDC system are introduced. Second, the influence of VSC-HVDC on the power stability of the system is investigated. Third, the relationship between the power stability and the effective short circuit ratio (ESCR) is discussed under different system parameters. Then, the value range of the critical effective short circuit ratio is determined. Finally, the evaluation criteria of power stability are proposed. The results show that the evaluation criteria of the single-infeed LCC-HVDC system can still be used, if the VSC-HVDC is in constant AC voltage control mode; if the VSC-HVDC is in constant reactive power control mode, the hybrid dual-infeed HVDC system cannot operate stably when the ESCR is less than 2.0 and can operate stably with high power stability margin when the ESCR is greater than 3.0. The ESCR index can still be used to measure the power stability of the hybrid dual-infeed HVDC system.
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Vijay, Prashant Yadaraju, and Kumar M. Siva. "Performance evaluation of power system with HVDC integration: Impact of SSSC and STATCOM on power system efficiency and stability." i-manager's Journal on Power Systems Engineering 12, no. 1 (2024): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jps.12.1.21168.
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This paper presents a comprehensive performance analysis of power systems incorporating High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission lines, with a focus on the impact of integrating advanced Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices, namely Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) and Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM). This study evaluates key performance parameters, including Total Power Loss (TPL), Voltage deviation (Vdev), transmission efficiency, and corona loss, across three configurations, HVDC alone, HVDC with SSSC, and HVDC with STATCOM. Through simulations conducted using MATLAB or Simulink, the results demonstrate that the addition of SSSC and STATCOM significantly improves system performance by reducing power losses, enhancing voltage stability, and optimizing transmission efficiency. The analysis reveals that HVDC systems with SSSC outperform other configurations in terms of power loss reduction and voltage stability, while STATCOM improves voltage regulation and minimizes deviations. This study highlights the benefits of incorporating SSSC and STATCOM into HVDC systems for enhancing power system efficiency, stability, and operational reliability.
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Olasunkanmi, Omowumi Grace, Waliu O. Apena, Andrew R. Barron, Alvin Orbaek White, and Grazia Todeschini. "Impact of a HVDC Link on the Reliability of the Bulk Nigerian Transmission Network." Energies 15, no. 24 (2022): 9631. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15249631.
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Regular and reliable access to energy is critical to the foundations of a stable and growing economy. The Nigerian transmission network generates more electricity than is consumed but, due to unpredicted outages, customers are often left without electrical power for several hours during the year. This paper aims to assess the present reliability indices of the Nigerian transmission network, and to determine the impact of HVDCs on system reliability. In the first part of this paper, the reliability of the Nigerian transmission system is quantified by building a model in DIgSILENT PowerFactory and carrying out a reliability study based on data provided by the Nigerian transmission-system operator. Both network indices and load-point indices are evaluated, and the weakest points in the network are identified. In the second part of the paper, an HVDC model is built and integrated into the existing network at the locations identified by the reliability study. A comparative study using two different HVDC connections is then carried out, to determine the critical impact of HVDC on system reliability. The reliability results indicate that the weakest points of the transmission system are the radial feeders, and the highest impact could be achieved by spanning an HVDC line between two busbars located at the two extremes of a radial feeder: Azura and Yola.
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SERRANO GONZALEZ, JAVIER, JESUS RIQUELME SANTOS, and ANGEL ARCOS VARGAS. "HVDC POWER TRANSMISSION. THE TECHNOLOGICAL RESURGENCE OF DIRECT CURRENT." DYNA 97, no. 3 (2022): 226–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.6036/10479.
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This article provides an overview of high voltage direct current (HVDC) and high voltage alternating current (HVAC) power transmission alternatives. The use of HVDC systems currently represents an efficient alternative under certain conditions, mainly due to reduced converter costs, improved power system flexibility and higher economic efficiency for long distances and, in particular, when it is relevant for power transmission over submarine or subway cables. Therefore, this paper describes the overview of the two alternatives, both from a technical and economic point of view
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Sahu, Pankaj Kumar. "Performance Analysis of Different Tie-Line for Synchronization of 12-Area Two Interconnected Thermal Power Grid." Asian Journal of Electrical Sciences 6, no. 2 (2017): 37–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajes-2017.6.2.1997.
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This paper represents the advantages of HVAC-HVDC parallel tie-line as compare to the Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) tie-line and normal HVAC tie-line for synchronization of 12-area two interconnected thermal power grid with its all 12 areas when load changed in power grid-1 (area-6). After load change in power grid-1 (area-6), 12-area two interconnected thermal power grid with its all 12 areas are synchronized at the same time only in case of HVAC-HVDC parallel tie-line. This paper also shows the Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) tie-line is better as compare to the normal HVAC tie-line. Performance analysis of different tie-line for synchronization or load (machine) frequency control of 12-area two interconnected thermal power grid is done in terms of settling time of frequency deviation of all 12 areas and settling time of tie-line power deviation of two interconnected areas or two interconnected power grid by using conventional integral controller when load changed in power grid-1 (area-6).
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Zhang, Rui, Yan Hong Shen, Cun Yu, Feng Long Li, Ke Wei Pang, and Ling Zhang. "Realization of Automatic Power Control in HVDC Control and Protection System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 716-717 (December 2014): 1226–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.716-717.1226.
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The paper briefly investigates the importance of power control of HVDC (high voltage direct current) control system in the HVDC projects and focus on the actual analysis and research on the realization of automatic power control in HVDC transmission. It has the important guiding significance for the implementation of automatic power control in HVDC transmission.
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Ding, Ruiyao. "Overcurrent system suppression measures for HVDC transmission system." Applied and Computational Engineering 103, no. 1 (2024): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/103/20241043.
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Abstract. LCC-HVDC technology, an essential Commutated Converter based on High Voltage Direct Current, is extensively employed in power system. However, because DC side overcurrent has the potential to seriously affect both system stability and equipment dependability, it has long been the focus of LCC-HVDC systems. This research presents an effective overcurrent suppression technique for the LCC-HVDC side overcurrent. This work first explains the damage caused by DC side overcurrent. A defect or abnormal situation in an LCC-HVDC system can result in DC side overcurrent, which can have a number of negative effects, including equipment damage, power grid instability, and system collapse. Therefore, it is imperative to address the DC side overcurrent issue in order to ensure the system's reliability and safe functioning. The overcurrent suppression method is then presented in this study. This research then presents an overcurrent suppression technique. This approach is predicated on a thorough examination of the properties of DC side pass current in conjunction with power electronic device regulation. First, the primary cause of the DC side pass current is identified by examining its source. Next, a control algorithm is created that has real-time monitoring and suppression capabilities for the DC side overcurrent. The method is able to precisely detect the overcurrent and promptly implement the necessary control measures.This study contrasts simulated trials carried out in the actual LCC-HVDC system with the conventional overcurrent suppression technique. The results show that the proposed overcurrent suppression strategy improves stability and reaction speed while effectively suppressing the DC side overcurrent. Furthermore, the method exhibits strong resilience and flexibility across a range of malfunction scenarios and operational contexts.
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Wu, Haitao, Yonghe Liu, Zhihe Wang, Lei Song, and Fan Wu. "Flexible CSC-HVDC system." Journal of Engineering 2019, no. 16 (2019): 2337–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/joe.2018.8566.
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Sato, Tadashi, Makoto Nishiuchi, Shinichi Saito, Masashi Suzuki, Naoto Nosaka, and Taku Yamakawa. "Kii-Channel HVDC system." IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering 4, no. 1 (2009): 22–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tee.20355.
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Wang, Yutong, Chenyong Zhao, and Heping Jia. "A Low-carbon Dispatching Method for Cascade Hydropower via HVDC Flexible Delivery." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2774, no. 1 (2024): 012085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2774/1/012085.
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Abstract As a country rich in hydropower resources, the transmission of Southwest hydropower through HVDC system can achieve a large range of optimal allocation of resources, but the traditional HVDC transmission plan is often operated in high and low binary value, which is difficult to give full play to the flexibility of HVDC transmission, and increase the carbon emission and operation cost of the power system. In order to fully explore the flexibility of HVDC transmission mode to reduce system carbon emissions, this paper builds a mixed integer programming model based on the scenario of hydropower being sent to the receiving system through the HVDC system, taking into account such factors as low operating costs and carbon dioxide emissions of thermal power units at the receiving end, overload capacity of the HVDC system, and reactive power compensation cost of the HVDC system. A low carbon scheduling method for cascade hydropower HVDC flexible delivery system is proposed. Finally, taking the cross-regional transmission system of cascade hydropower station as an example, the model proposed in this paper is compared with the high-low binary transmission of traditional HVDC system. The results show that the dispatch mode proposed in this paper and the flexible operation of the HVDC system can promote the consumption of new energy, reduce the CO2 emissions of the system and achieve the dispatch goal of both low carbon and economic operation.
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Zheng, Zhong, Yuqin Wang, Cunbin Li, Tao Zhang, and Yuanzhao Han. "Reliability model and algorithm research on HVDC system and flexible HVDC system." Journal of Engineering 2019, no. 16 (2019): 2621–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/joe.2018.8912.
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Liu, Jing Xia, and Gui Mei Cui. "The Influence of Weak AC System Accident to the Exchange Station." Advanced Materials Research 546-547 (July 2012): 363–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.546-547.363.
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HVDC transmission (HVDC) is very sensitive to the strength of the AC system especially in fault, may cause a DC power transmission interrupt. Based on the PSCAD simulation software built the HVDC transmission model and SVC-HDVC HVDC transmission model as an example. Made an analysis and research for the influence to the DC exchange station when the exchange side make fault.
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Gul, Mehr, Nengling Tai, Wentao Huang, Muhammad Haroon Nadeem, Muhammad Ahmad, and Moduo Yu. "Technical and Economic Assessment of VSC-HVDC Transmission Model: A Case Study of South-Western Region in Pakistan." Electronics 8, no. 11 (2019): 1305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8111305.
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The southwestern part of Pakistan is still not connected to the national grid, despite its abundance in renewable energy resources. However, this area becomes more important for energy projects due to the development of the deep-sea Gwadar port and the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). In this paper, a voltage source converter (VSC) based high voltage DC (HVDC) transmission model is proposed to link this area to the national gird. A two-terminal VSC-HVDC model is used as a case study, in which a two-level converter with standard double-loop control is employed. The proposed model has a capacity of transferring bulk power of 3500 MW at 350 kV from Gwadar to Matiari. Furthermore, the discounted cash flow analysis of VSC-HVDC against the HVAC system shows that the proposed system is economically sustainable. The outcomes of this study reveal that the implementation of this project can bring economic stability and energy security in the southwestern region.
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Rana, Kiran, Nand Kishor, Richa Negi, and Monalisa Biswal. "Fault Detection and VSC-HVDC Network Dynamics Analysis for the Faults in Its Host AC Networks." Applied Sciences 14, no. 6 (2024): 2378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14062378.
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High-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission is preferred over high-voltage alternating current (HVAC) for long power lines for asynchronous power grid interconnection and high-level renewable energy integration. The control and protection functions associated with HVDC systems help with fast and secure clearance of faults. The control and protection challenges in the embedded HVDC network are of great concern for the stable and secure operation of an HVDC network. The DC fault current may reach an extremely high level in a rather short period because of the low impedance in a DC system, which is dangerous for converters, and disturbances in the AC network directly influence the performance of the HVDC system. Sometimes, faults on the AC side may lead to disconnection or failure of the DC link, causing reliability problems as well as huge economic losses. AC and DC protection solutions are being developed for HVDC systems to enhance their sustainability and reliability. As such, AC and DC faults should be detected and cleared at a faster rate. Therefore, in this article, the feasibility of the synchro-squeezed transform (SST) is analyzed for detection purposes. For more accurate and faster detection, the signal is first decomposed using the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) technique, and then the SST is applied. A discrete Teager energy (DTE) spectrum is obtained with the processed signal, which works as the detection index. The algorithm shows low sampling frequency requirements, with higher efficiency and reliability for the purpose. PSCAD/EMTDC version 4.6 software and MATLAB 2022a software is used for the modeling and simulation.
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Wu, Qian Jin, and Xue Zhi Wang. "The Summary of HVDC Commutation Failure and Example Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 446-447 (November 2013): 853–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.446-447.853.
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Commutation Failure is the common fault of HVDC, continuous commutation failure may lead to HVDC block and affect the stability of the power system. Especially in southern power grid, china, its special that the end of four HVDC system are all in Guangzhou. If the AC system occurs serious fault, all of the HVDC system may occur commutation Failure, HVDC block, even occurs large area blackout. So how to avoid continuous commutation failure and restore the stability of HVDC is important for AC and DC parallel power system. This paper based on the mechanism of commutation failure, analyze the reason of commutation failure and identification method, preventive measures. At last, this paper uses actual recorded wave to analyze the diversification of system after commutation failure.