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Ramian, Haleh, Lindsay Sabik, Zhaojun Sun, Jonathan Yabes, and Bruce Jacobs. "Abstract PR004: Urban/rural differences in receiving cancer surgery at high-volume hospitals and sensitivity to hospital volume thresholds." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 32, no. 1_Supplement (2023): PR004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp22-pr004.
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Abstract Research Objective: There is strong evidence that hospital volume is associated with improved outcomes for patients undergoing surgery for cancer across a number of common cancers, yet there is no consensus on how to classify hospitals as high-volume. Further, lack of access to high-volume hospitals (HVHs) may contribute to rural-urban disparities in cancer outcomes. This study examines urban/rural differences in receipt of cancer surgery at HVHs and sensitivity to volume thresholds used. Study Design: We used logistic regression models to examine the association between cancer surgery at a HVH and individual and area factors using different volume thresholds that are commonly used in the literature: top 10%, 20%, 25%, and 30%. Population Studied: Using 2017-2020 statewide Pennsylvania Health Care Cost Containment Council (PHC4) inpatient data, we identified patients ages 18+ with a diagnosis of 10 cancers (lung, pancreas, breast, brain, rectum, bladder, colon, esophagus, prostate, stomach) who underwent a cancer-related surgery. Principal Findings: We found variability in the number of hospitals classified as high-volume as well as the percentage of surgeries performed at HVH. Across the 10 cancers examined, the relationship between rural residence and treatment in a HVH varied by cancer type, and for some cancers, varied depending on the volume threshold used. There was a consistent negative relationship between rural residence and surgery at a high-volume hospital for breast and lung cancer; for colon and prostate cancers the association was generally negative but only significant using certain high-volume thresholds. For esophageal and pancreatic cancer, there was a positive relationship between rural residence and surgery at a HVH and therefore, compared to urban counties, patients with esophageal and pancreatic cancer in rural counties were more likely to be treated at a HVH. Among less prevalent cancers (bladder, stomach, rectum and brain) there was less consistency in the relationship between rural residence and treatment at a HVH across different thresholds. Conclusions: For many cancers, rural patients are less likely to receive care at HVHs, though the relationship differs across cancers and depending on volume threshold examined. Findings highlight the complexity of examining patterns of cancer care at HVHs, and the importance of protocols outlining minimum procedural volume thresholds. Positive relationships between rural residence and treatment at a HVH may result from selection effects if rural patients are less likely to receive surgery overall. Implications for Policy or Practice: There has been interest in using treatment at HVHs as a quality metric for determining reimbursement, including for breast cancer in the New York Medicaid program in recent years. Our findings highlight the complexity of developing such programs for other cancers. This study informs protocols focusing on high-volume thresholds and have implications for surgical education and training. Citation Format: Haleh Ramian, Lindsay Sabik, Zhaojun Sun, Jonathan Yabes, Bruce Jacobs. Urban/rural differences in receiving cancer surgery at high-volume hospitals and sensitivity to hospital volume thresholds [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PR004.
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Loehrer, Andrew P., David C. Chang, Zirui Song, and George J. Chang. "Health Reform and Utilization of High-Volume Hospitals for Complex Cancer Operations." Journal of Oncology Practice 14, no. 1 (2018): e42-e50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jop.2017.025684.
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Purpose: Underinsured patients are less likely to receive complex cancer operations at hospitals with high surgical volumes (high-volume hospitals, or HVHs), which contributes to disparities in care. To date, the impact of insurance coverage expansion on site of complex cancer surgery remains unknown. Methods: Using the 2006 Massachusetts coverage expansion as a natural experiment, we searched the Hospital Cost and Utilization Project state inpatient databases for Massachusetts and control states (New York, New Jersey, and Florida) between 2001 and 2011 to evaluate changes in the utilization of HVHs for resections of bladder, esophageal, stomach, pancreatic, rectal, or lung cancer after the expansion of insurance coverage. We studied nonelderly, adult patients with private insurance and those with government-subsidized or self-pay (GSSP) coverage with a difference-in-differences framework. Results: We studied 11,687 patients in Massachusetts and 56,300 patients in control states. Compared with control states, the 2006 Massachusetts insurance expansion was associated with a 14% increased rate of surgical intervention for GSSP patients (incident rate ratio, 1.14; P = .015), but there was no significant change in the probability of GSSP patients undergoing surgery at an HVH (1.0 percentage-point increase; P = .710). The reform was associated with no change in the uninsured payer-mix at HVHs (0.6 percentage-point increase; P = .244) and with a 5.1 percentage-point decrease for the uninsured payer mix at low-volume hospitals ( P < .001). Conclusion: The 2006 Massachusetts insurance expansion, a model for the Affordable Care Act, was associated with increased rates of complex cancer operations and increased insurance coverage but with no change in utilization of HVH for complex cancer operations.
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Althumairi, Azah A., Joseph K. Canner, Michael A. Gorin, et al. "Reduction of Costs for Pelvic Exenteration Performed by High Volume Surgeons: Analysis of the Maryland Health Service Cost Review Commission Database." American Surgeon 82, no. 1 (2016): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481608200123.
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High volume hospitals (HVHs) and high volume surgeons (HVSs) have better outcomes after complex procedures, but the association between surgeon and hospital volumes and patient outcomes is not completely understood. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of surgeon and hospital volumes, and their interaction, on postoperative outcomes and costs in patients undergoing pelvic exenteration (PE) in the state of Maryland. A review of the Maryland Health Services Cost Review Commission database between 2000 and 2011 was performed. Patients were compared for demographics and clinical variables. The differences in length of hospital stay, length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, operating room (OR) cost, and total cost were compared for surgeon volume and hospital volume controlling for all other factors. Surgery performed by HVS at HVH had the shortest ICU stay and lowest OR cost. When PE was performed by a low volume surgeon at an HVH, the OR cost and total cost were the highest and increased by $2,683 ( P < 0.0001) and $16,076 ( P < 0.0001), respectively. OR costs reduced when surgery was performed by an HVS at an HVH ($-1632, P = 0.008). PE performed by HVS at HVH is significantly associated with lower OR costs and ICU stay. We feel this is indicative of lower complication rates and higher quality care.
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Ohki, Shingo, Makoto Otani, Shinichi Tomioka, et al. "Association between hospital case volume and mortality in pediatric sepsis: A retrospective observational study using a Japanese nationwide inpatient database." Journal of Critical Care Medicine 11, no. 1 (2025): 87–94. https://doi.org/10.2478/jccm-2025-0006.
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Abstract Introduction The survival benefits of treatment at high-volume hospitals (HVHs) are well-documented for several critical pediatric conditions. However, their impact on pediatric sepsis, a leading cause of mortality among children, remains understudied. Aim of the study To investigate the association between hospital case volume and mortality rates in pediatric sepsis. Material and Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database. The study included patients who met the following criteria: 1) aged 28 days to 17 years; 2) discharged from the hospital between April 2014 and March 2018; 3) had a sepsis diagnosis coded under the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision; 4) underwent blood cultures on hospital admission day (day 0) or day 1; 5) received antimicrobial agents on day 0 or 1; and 6) required at least one organ support measure (e.g., mechanical ventilation or vasopressors) on day 0 or 1. Hospitals were categorized by case volume during the study period, with HVHs defined as those in the highest quartile and low-volume hospitals (LVHs) as those in the remaining quartiles. In-hospital mortality rates between HVH and LVH groups were compared using mixed-effects logistic regression analysis with propensity score (PS) matching. Results A total of 934 pediatric patients were included in the study, with an overall in-hospital mortality rate of 16.1%. Of them, 234 were treated at 5 HVHs (≥26 patients in 4 years), and 700 at 234 LVHs (<26 patients in 4 years). Upon PS matching, patients treated at HVHs demonstrated significantly lower odds of in-hospital mortality compared with those treated at LVHs (odds ratio, 0.42; 95% confidence interval, 0.22–0.80; P = 0.008). Conclusions In pediatric patients with sepsis, treatment at HVHs was associated with lower odds of in-hospital mortality.
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Vold, Tonje. "Hvit støy." Samtiden 116, no. 01 (2007): 14–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18261/issn1890-0690-2007-01-04.
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Killingbeck, John P., Alain Grosjean, and Georges Jolicard. "Complex variable HVPT." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 37, no. 32 (2004): 7971–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/37/32/010.
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Miao, Huijie, Fei Wang, Xi Xiong, Chunxia Wang, and Yucai Zhang. "Clinical Benefits of High-Volume Hemofiltration in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients with Severe Sepsis: A Retrospective Cohort Study." Blood Purification 45, no. 1-3 (2017): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000481249.
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Aims: The study aimed to assess the clinical benefits of high-volume hemofiltration (HVHF) in pediatric patients with severe sepsis compared with standard-volume continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 155 pediatric patients with severe sepsis admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit of Shanghai Children's Hospital from January 2010 to June 2016. A total of 93 patients were treated with HVHF and 62 patients were treated with CVVH. Results: HVHF treatment did not significantly reduce 28-day mortality. Moreover, there was no significant difference in reducing the plasma level of inflammatory mediators and improving hemodynamic variables between HVHF and CVVH group. However, the incidence of hyperglycemia was significantly higher in HVHF group than in CVVH group. Conclusions: There is no evidence to indicate that HVHF is superior to CVVH in reducing 28-day mortality as an adjunct to the treatment of severe sepsis in pediatric patients.
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Bovi, Joseph, Stephanie Pugh, David Sabesevitz, et al. "RADI-04. PRETREATMENT VOLUME OF MRI-DETERMINED WHITE MATTER INJURY (WMI) PREDICTS COGNITIVE DECLINE AFTER HIPPOCAMPAL AVOIDANT (HA) WBRT FOR BRAIN METASTASES: SECONDARY ANALYSIS OF NRG ONCOLOGY RTOG 0933." Neuro-Oncology Advances 1, Supplement_1 (2019): i22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdz014.097.
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Abstract PURPOSE: RTOG 0933 demonstrated benefits to memory following HA-WBRT, supporting the hypothesis of hippocampal radiosensitivity and associated memory specificity. However, some patients demonstrated cognitive decline, suggesting mechanisms outside hippocampal radiosensitivity playing a role. WMI has been implicated in RT-induced cognitive decline. This secondary analysis explored the relationship between pre-treatment WMI and memory following HA-WBRT. METHODS AND MATERIALS: 113 patients received HA-WBRT. Standardized cognitive assessments were performed at baseline, 2, 4, and 6 months. The primary endpoint was Hopkins Verbal Learning Test Delayed Recall (HVLT-DR) at 4 mos. Secondary endpoints included HVLT Total Recall (HVLT-TR) and Recognition (HVLT-Recog). Of 113 patients, 34 underwent pre-treatment and 4-month post-treatment HVLT testing and pre-treatment post-contrast volumetric T1 and axial T2/FLAIR MRI. Volumetric analysis of metastatic disease burden and disease-unrelated WMI was conducted on the pre-treatment MRI. Correlational analyses were performed examining the relationship between pre-treatment WMI and HVLT outcomes following HA-WBRT. RESULTS: Correlation was found between larger volumes of pre-treatment WMI and decline in HVLT-Recog (r=.54, p&lt; .05) and a correlational trend was observed between larger volume of pre-treatment WMI and decline in HVLT-DR (r=.31, p=.08). Patients with higher pre-treatment disease burden experienced a greater magnitude of stability or positive shift in HVLT-recall and –delayed recall following HA-WBRT. (r=-.36 and r=-.36, p’s &lt; .05), compared to the magnitude of stability/positive shift in those with lesser disease burden. CONCLUSION: In patients receiving HA-WBRT, pre-treatment-WMI predicts memory decline, suggesting white matter integrity pre-treatment contributes to the pathogenesis of post-WBRT cognitive toxicity independent of hippocampal stem cell radiosensitivity. Less decline or improvement in HVLT following HA-WBRT for patients with higher pre-treatment intracranial metastatic burden supports the importance of WBRT-induced intracranial control on cognition. These imaging biomarkers for cognitive toxicity will be further explored on NRG CC001 and CC003, phase III trials of WBRT with or without HA.
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Heyman, Benjamin, Michael Choi, and Thomas J. Kipps. "A + AVD for Treatment of Hodgkin Lymphoma Variant of Richter’s Transformation." Case Reports in Hematology 2024 (February 24, 2024): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/7612622.
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Hodgkin lymphoma variant of Richter’s transformation (HvRT) is a rare complication for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), with an overall poor prognosis. We present the first known case series of patients with HvRT treated with the combination of brentuximab vedotin, doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (A + AVD). In our series of 4 patients, two patients treated with A + AVD for HvRT had durable remissions of 40 and 42 months, while two patients had disease progression and ultimately died. Continued investigation into the optimal management for patients with HvRT is still needed.
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Killingbeck, John P., Alain Grosjean, and Georges Jolicard. "Complex HVPT and hyperasymptotics." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 39, no. 34 (2006): L547—L550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/39/34/l01.
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Millert-Kalińska, Sonja, Dominik Pruski, Marcin Przybylski, Małgorzata Stawicka-Niełacna, Edyta Mądry, and Radosław Mądry. "High-Volume Hospitals’ Ovarian Cancer Care—Less Individual Approach or Better Treatment Results?" Current Oncology 29, no. 8 (2022): 5278–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29080419.
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Ovarian cancer (OC) is the eighth most common cancer worldwide and is usually diagnosed in advanced stages. The relationship between treatment in high-volume hospitals (HVHs) and survival in OC has been documented by multiple studies, which showed that superior treatment and survival outcomes are associated with surgical expertise and multidisciplinary resources. To our study, 135 first-time patients treated in the years 2019–2020 in the Department of Oncology of Poznań University of Medical Sciences were enrolled. Th analysis showed a significant dependency between being treated in a HVH from the beginning of one’s diagnosis and the scope of the first intervention. Additionally, among patients treated in our centre, a significant portion of patients underwent laparoscopy, and from one year to another the number of laparoscopies performed increased. This may indicate that more patients began to qualify for neoadjuvant treatment. Patients benefit the most from surgery in a centre with more experience in treating ovarian cancer. In the future, we will be able to expand this study by using data from patients treated before 2019 and analysing larger cohorts of patients. This might enable us to update the rates of overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS).
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Song, Fei, Tong Wang, Kan Tang, and Dan Zhu. "Feasibility Analysis on High Voltage Ride-through of Wind Turbines." Applied Mechanics and Materials 278-280 (January 2013): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.278-280.134.
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With the rapid increase of wind farms, a set of specific requirements have been established or are developing. The objective of these grid guidelines is to ensure wind farms not adversely affecting the power system. The control strategies and theories on low voltage ride through (LVRT) have been focused on for a long time, how to deal with the gird high voltage is seldom discussed. This paper introduces the main types of wind turbines, discusses the major grid requirements of high voltage ride through (HVRT). The capability of HVRT for current wind farms is introduced. The technology and its implementation of the HVRT of wind turbines are focused on. The technical feasibility to increase the capacity of HVRT for wind turbines and the cost are analyzed in detail. Finally a conclusion is achieved, that is installing DC chopper can help converters to realize HVRT.
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Thomson, Ron I. "High Variability [Pronunciation] Training (HVPT)." Journal of Second Language Pronunciation 4, no. 2 (2018): 208–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jslp.17038.tho.
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Abstract This article is a critical research synthesis of 32 studies that used the High Variability Phonetic Training (HVPT) technique to teach learners to better perceive and produce L2 sounds. Taken together, the studies surveyed provide compelling evidence that HVPT is a very effective pronunciation training tool, and that resulting improvement is long-lasting. The analysis of this research also helps to explain why very few teachers have heard of this empirically-driven approach to pronunciation instruction: HVPT studies are largely published in technically oriented journals; few are accessible to language teachers. A variety of obstacles to the widespread use of HVPT are discussed, and some possible solutions are provided.
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Kim, Byungki, Yang-Hyun Nam, Kyung-Sang Ryu, and Dae-Jin Kim. "Implementation Strategy of Test Facility Based on Auto-Transformer for LVRT/HVRT Evaluation of Large-Scale Wind Turbine." Energies 16, no. 10 (2023): 4194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16104194.
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In accordance with South Korea’s recent 2030 Carbon Neutral Plan, an 8GW offshore wind farm is planned for construction in the South-west Sea. Therefore, it is expected that large-scale wind turbines will be installed, and these turbines must operate stably, even when there are instantaneous voltage fluctuations in the power system. The grid code is described for the low-voltage-ride-through (LVRT) and high-voltage-ride-through (HVRT) functions, and a test facility that can perform both LVRT and HVRT tests is essential. In the case of LVRT/HVRT test facilities developed by the existing RLC (impedance component) method, it may be difficult to test large-scale wind turbines due to problems such as power quality, frequent failures and narrow short-circuit capacity ranges. Therefore, to solve such problems, this paper proposes an LVRT/HVRT test facility of the autotransformer type, which is capable of outputting the desired voltage range by changing the wiring method and tap position. Specifically, in order to implement the test facility of the autotransformer type, which is able to output the desired voltage range by changing the wiring method and tap according to the LVRT/HVRT test status, this paper presents an impedance determination algorithm (two-step layer impedance determination algorithm) of auto-transformer based on the fault-current analysis and operation strategy at a real LVRT/HVRT testing evaluation facility.
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Cheng, Xin-Bing, Jin-Liang Liu, Zhi-Qiang Hong, and Bao-Liang Qian. "Operating characteristics of intense electron beam accelerator at different load conditions." Laser and Particle Beams 30, no. 4 (2012): 531–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034612000456.
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AbstractAs the development of the pulsed power technology, high voltage pulse transformer (HVPT) is usually used instead of Marx generator as a charging device for the pulse forming line (PFL) of intense electron-beam accelerator (IEBA), and which make the IEBA compact. However, during the operation of the IEBA, the HVPT may be destroyed for the failure of electrical insulation and the over-voltage. So in this paper, the output voltage characteristics of IEBA, characteristics of the voltage at the output terminal of HVPT at four kinds of load conditions are analyzed, including load matching, load short, load open, and surface flashover in the vacuum chamber. It is found that load short, load open, and surface flashover in vacuum chamber will affect the voltage at the output terminal of HVPT, and an oscillation wave could be formed, which affect the electrical insulation of HVPT and decrease the lifetime of HVPT. Meanwhile, the waveform of the load voltage is also modified, especially at the conditions of load open and surface flashover in vacuum chamber. When the load is open, the amplitude of the output main pulse of IEBA is twice the charging voltage of BPFL. However, the amplitude of the output pulse of IEBA is modified by the voltage at the output terminal of HVPT, and the resistance of main switch channel has a great effect on the amplitude of the load voltage. When surface flashover occurs in the vacuum chamber, the pulse duration of the output voltage will be decreased. So, during the operation of IEBA, load short, load open and surface flashover in vacuum chamber should be avoided.
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Vansteenkiste, J., F. Rochette, and M. Demedts. "Diagnostic tests of hyperventilation syndrome." European Respiratory Journal 4, no. 4 (1991): 393–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.93.04040393.
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In 90 patients referred to the pulmonary function laboratory for evaluation of hyperventilation syndrome (HVS) and in whom somatic causes of the complaints had been excluded, we investigated the degree of concordance between three widely applied diagnostic methods: 1) the standardized Nijmegen questionnaire on major daily complaints; 2) the reproduction of the same symptoms during the hyperventilation provocation test (HVPT); and 3) the responses of end-tidal CO2 fraction (FETCO2) during the HVPT. In 86% of the patients a concordance was found between Nijmegen questionnaire (i.e. score of 24/64 or more) and symptom reproduction during HVPT (i.e. recognition of at least 2 major daily complaints). Based on these combined data we made a definite diagnosis of HVS in 37 patients, of non-HVS in 40 patients, and we retained only a possible HVS in 13 patients. Each of the 16 complaints in the questionnaire contributed significantly to the distinction between HVS and non-HVS patients, and a striking similarity in rank order of daily complaints and reproduced symptoms was found. The responses in FETCO, during HVPT had little additional diagnostic value. A spontaneous fall of at least 0.25% FETCO2 during the 5 min adaptation period before the HVPT, was most reliably correlated with the aforementioned diagnostic criteria of HVS: specificity 83%, sensitivity 57%, and accuracy 70%. Neither the 3 min FETCO2 ratio nor the 5 min FETCO2 ratio during recovery after the HVPT showed a good correlation with the other diagnostic criteria. The response of FETCO2 during HVPT did especially not provide additional useful diagnostic information in the 13 patients with only possible HVS.
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Dvorak, Emily, and James F. Sumowski. "34 Verbal Memory as a Language Function: Phonological Processing Contributes to Word List Recall in Persons with Multiple Sclerosis." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 29, s1 (2023): 549–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617723007051.
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Objective:Verbal memory deficits are present in multiple sclerosis (MS), but neither inflammatory T2 lesion volume nor cerebral atrophy (generalized or localized hippocampal atrophy) fully explain disease-related verbal memory changes. Importantly, the hippocampus does not function in a vacuum; memory encoding and retrieval requires interactions between the hippocampus and cortical areas where information is processed and represented. Indeed, we have previously shown that lexical access speed (a language function assessed by rapid automatized naming) independently predicted delayed recall of verbal information (word list) for persons with MS, even when controlling for total learning. Informed by this work and recent ultra high field (7.0 Tesla) MRI research reporting high cortical lesion count in regions associated with phonological processing (e.g., plenum temporale, superior temporal gyrus), we assessed whether phonological processing independently explains verbal memory deficits in persons with MS.Participants and Methods:Analyses were performed on a clinical sample of persons with MS aged 18 to 59 years (n=60: 49 relapsing, 11 progressive). Word-list memory was assessed by the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test, Revised (HVLT-R), which yielded scores for Total Learning (TL) and Delayed Recall (DR). Phonological processing was assessed with WIAT-4 Phonemic Proficiency. WIAT-4 Sentence Repetition was utilized as a non-phonological language control task, and WIAT-4 Word Reading was administered to control for premorbid verbal ability. CANTAB Paired Associate Learning served as a nonverbal memory comparison. Performance on tasks was standardized using published age-adjusted norms. Primary analyses used partial correlations to assess relationships between Phonemic Proficiency and (a) HVLT-R TL and DR controlling for WIAT-4 Word Reading, and (b) HVLT-R DR controlling for WIAT-4 Word Reading and HVLT-R TL. To assess specificity to phonological processing, the same partial correlations assessed relationships between Sentence Repetition and HVLT-R variables, and between Phonemic Proficiency and nonverbal memory (CANTAB PAL).Results:When controlling for premorbid verbal ability, Phonemic Proficiency performance accounted for 7.8% of the variance in HVLT-R TL (rpartial=0.28, p=0.031) and 16% of the variance in HVLT-R DR (rpartial=0.40, p=0.002). Moreover, when additionally controlling for HVLT-R TL, Phonemic Proficiency still accounted for 10% of the variance in HVLT-R DR (r partial— 0.32, p=0.016). Showing specificity to phonological processing ability, performance on Sentence Repetition was not significantly related to HVLT-R DR when controlling for premorbid verbal ability (WIAT-4 Word Reading) and HVLT-R TL (rpartial=0.09, p=0.510). Showing specificity to verbal memory, neither Phonemic Proficiency nor Sentence Repetition performance were reliably related to CANTAB PAL for any variance in performance in nonverbal memory (Ps>0.9).Conclusions:Results suggest that language ability, specifically phonological processing, contributes to delayed recall of word lists independent of premorbid verbal ability and initial total learning scores in persons with MS. These findings demonstrate contributions of language ability to verbal memory and highlight the need for further research into language ability changes in persons with MS. This may have implications for verbal memory rehabilitation in MS.
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Zeng, Zhanghui, Ning Han, Cuicui Liu, et al. "Functional dissection of HGGT and HPT in barley vitamin E biosynthesis via CRISPR/Cas9-enabled genome editing." Annals of Botany 126, no. 5 (2020): 929–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcaa115.
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Abstract Background and Aims Vitamin E (tocochromanol) is a lipid-soluble antioxidant and an essential nutrient for human health. Among cereal crops, barley (Hordeum vulgare) contains a high level of vitamin E, which includes both tocopherols and tocotrienols. Although the vitamin E biosynthetic pathway has been characterized in dicots, such as Arabidopsis, which only accumulate tocopherols, knowledge regarding vitamin E biosynthesis in monocots is limited because of the lack of functional mutants. This study aimed to obtain gene knockout mutants to elucidate the genetic control of vitamin E composition in barley. Methods Targeted knockout mutations of HvHPT and HvHGGT in barley were created with CRISPR/Cas9-enabled genome editing. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed to analyse the content of tocochromanol isomers in transgene-free homozygous Hvhpt and Hvhggt mutants. Key Results Mutagenesis efficiency among T0 regenerated plantlets was 50–65 % as a result of two simultaneously expressed guide RNAs targeting each gene; most of the mutations were stably inherited by the next generation. The transgene-free homozygous mutants of Hvhpt and Hvhggt exhibited decreased grain size and weight, and the HvHGGT mutation led to a shrunken phenotype and significantly lower total starch content in grains. HPLC analysis revealed that targeted mutation of HvHPT significantly reduced the content of both tocopherols and tocotrienols, whereas mutations in HvHGGT completely blocked tocotrienol biosynthesis in barley grains. Transient overexpression of an HvHPT homologue in tobacco leaves significantly increased the production of γ- and δ-tocopherols, which may partly explain why targeted mutation of HvHPT in barley grains did not eliminate tocopherol production. Conclusions Our results functionally validated that HvHGGT is the only committed gene for the production of tocotrienols, whereas HvHPT is partly responsible for tocopherol biosynthesis in barley.
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Fu, Yansong, Rui Yan, Dongli Liu, et al. "Characterization of Sinomonas gamaensis sp. nov., a Novel Soil Bacterium with Antifungal Activity against Exserohilum turcicum." Microorganisms 7, no. 6 (2019): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7060170.
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A novel Gram staining positive, aerobic bacterium NEAU-HV1T that exhibits antifungal activity against Exserohilum turcicum was isolated from a soil collected from Gama, Hadjer lamis, Chad. It was grown at 10–45 °C (optimum 30 °C), pH 5–10 (optimum pH 8), and 0–4% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 1%). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain NEAU-HV1T was closely related to Sinomonas susongensis A31T (99.24% sequence similarity), Sinomonas humi MUSC 117T (98.76%), and Sinomonas albida LC13T (98.68%). The average nucleotide identity values between NEAU-HV1T and its most closely related species were 79.34−85.49%. The digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between NEAU-HV1T and S. susongensis A31T, S. albida LC13T, and S. humi MUSC 117T were 23.20, 23.50, and 22.80%, respectively, again indicating that they belonged to different taxa. The genomic DNA G+C content was 67.64 mol%. The whole cell sugars contained galactose, mannose, and rhamnose. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, and four glycolipids. The respiratory quinone system comprised MK-9(H2), MK-10(H2), and MK-8(H2). The major cellular fatty acids (>5%) were anteiso-C15:0, anteiso-C17:0, C16:0, and iso-C15:0. Based on the polyphasic analysis, it is suggested that the strain NEAU-HV1T represents a novel species of the genus Sinomonas, for which the name Sinomonas gamaensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-HV1T (= DSM 104514T = CCTCC M 2017246T).
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Aczel, Miriam R., and Karen E. Makuch. "Environmental Impact Assessments and Hydraulic Fracturing: Lessons from Two U.S. States." Case Studies in the Environment 2, no. 1 (2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cse.2017.000638.
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Although the United States has been stimulating well production with hydraulic fracturing (“fracking”)1 since the 1940s [1], high-volume hydraulic fracturing (HVHF) combined with horizontal drilling is a relatively recent [2, 3] development with potential to adversely impact human health [4], environment [5], and water resources [6], with uncertainty about impacts and gaps in the data on HVHF compared to conventional drilling techniques [7]. Part of protecting environmental and public health is identifying potential risks before licenses are issued and drilling operations proceed. To this end, two case studies, focusing on the environmental impact assessment (EIA) procedures of California and New York, are analyzed in this paper. Both states have histories of strong environmental protection law and policy [8–10] and legally require an EIA to be conducted before development of HVHF sites [11, 12], an outgrowth of the 1969 federal National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). New York State conducted what appears to be a thorough EIA [13] and concluded that as there were too many gaps in the data on HVHF, fracking could not proceed. California’s EIA, which was less extensive, and did not consider health impacts [14], concluded that HVHF could proceed, relatively unabated. A comparison of these cases illustrates that the processes designed to ensure adequate identification, monitoring, and assessment of environmental impacts are prone to differences [15]—an outcome of the fact that laws governing HVHF in the US are not consistent across, nor controlled at, the federal level [16, 17].
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Qin, Yanhui, Zeyu Cao, Zhichao Yang, Bingtuan Gao, and Xuetao Dong. "High Voltage Ride through Strategy of Wind Farm Considering Generator Terminal Voltage Distribution." Applied Sciences 11, no. 3 (2021): 1248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11031248.
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When wind power is transmitted via high-voltage direct current (HVDC), the problem of high-voltage ride-through (HVRT), caused by direct-current (DC) blocking must be seriously taken into account. All the wind turbines in a wind farm are usually equivalent to a single turbine in the existing research on HVRT, which ignores the generator terminal voltage distribution in a wind farm. In view of the fact that the severity of fault voltage felt by each wind turbine in the field is different, an improved HVRT strategy considering voltage distribution is proposed in this article. First, this article analyzes the mechanism of voltage swell failure caused by DC blocking, and the characteristics of the generator terminal voltage distribution in wind farms. Second, the reactive power characteristic equations of the synchronous condenser and the doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) are derived. Third, based on the extraction of the key node voltage, this article takes the key node voltage as the compensation target, and put forwards a HVRT strategy combining the synchronous condenser and wind turbine. Finally, the simulation is carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in improving the HVRT capability of all wind turbines.
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Wei, Dongxu, Xiaowei Xu, Haibin Shen, and Kejie Huang. "C2F-FWN: Coarse-to-Fine Flow Warping Network for Spatial-Temporal Consistent Motion Transfer." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 4 (2021): 2852–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i4.16391.
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Human video motion transfer (HVMT) aims to synthesize videos that one person imitates other persons' actions. Although existing GAN-based HVMT methods have achieved great success, they either fail to preserve appearance details due to the loss of spatial consistency between synthesized and exemplary images, or generate incoherent video results due to the lack of temporal consistency among video frames. In this paper, we propose Coarse-to-Fine Flow Warping Network (C2F-FWN) for spatial-temporal consistent HVMT. Particularly, C2F-FWN utilizes coarse-to-fine flow warping and Layout-Constrained Deformable Convolution (LC-DConv) to improve spatial consistency, and employs Flow Temporal Consistency (FTC) Loss to enhance temporal consistency. In addition, provided with multi-source appearance inputs, C2F-FWN can support appearance attribute editing with great flexibility and efficiency. Besides public datasets, we also collected a large-scale HVMT dataset named SoloDance for evaluation. Extensive experiments conducted on our SoloDance dataset and the iPER dataset show that our approach outperforms state-of-art HVMT methods in terms of both spatial and temporal consistency. Source code and the SoloDance dataset are available at https://github.com/wswdx/C2F-FWN.
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Jo, Hyun-Bin, Jong-Beom Park, Jae-Beom Ahn, Seung-Beom Lim, and Hong-Je Ryoo. "LVRT & HVRT of Grid-connected 3-level TNPC Inverter." Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers 36, no. 2 (2022): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5207/jieie.2022.36.2.028.
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Hotvedt, Ragnar. "Kollegialitet, takstbruk og hvit løgn." Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening 130, no. 6 (2010): 654. http://dx.doi.org/10.4045/tidsskr.09.1367.
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Lærum, Ole Didrik. "Hvit frakk og svart humor." Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening 133, no. 10 (2013): 1098–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4045/tidsskr.13.0363.
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Nguyen Long, Le Anh, Megan Foster, and Gwen Arnold. "The impact of stakeholder engagement on local policy decision making." Policy Sciences 52, no. 4 (2019): 549–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11077-019-09357-z.
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Abstract We investigate how grassroots stakeholder engagement in municipal meetings shapes the decision making of local elected officials (LEOs) by examining the choices LEOs in New York State made on how to regulate high-volume hydraulic fracturing (HVHF) or fracking. We analyzed the content of 216 meeting minutes and 18 policy documents for 13 municipalities in New York. Our observations suggest that government responsiveness to local activism is shaped by the level of contestation between grassroots stakeholders. They reveal that contestation among grassroots stakeholders encourages LEOs to try to deflect responsibility for regulating fracking. When this contestation is high, LEOs tend to pursue actions which may limit but not prohibit HVHF within their jurisdiction. In contrast, when there is no contestation, LEOs more actively pursue substantive policy actions that prohibit HVHF. Generally, we find that that the level of contestation among grassroots stakeholders about HVHF impacts the political actions LEOs take.
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Zai, Xusheng, Bin Shi, Hongxia Shao, et al. "Recombinant Turkey Herpesvirus Expressing H9N2 HA Gene at the HVT005/006 Site Induces Better Protection Than That at the HVT029/031 Site." Viruses 14, no. 11 (2022): 2495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14112495.
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Turkey herpesvirus (HVT) is widely used as an effective recombinant vaccine vector for expressing protective antigens of multiple avian pathogens from different loci of the HVT genome. These include the HVT029/031 (UL22–23) locus for the insertion of IBDV VP2 and the recently identified HVT005/006 locus as a novel site for expressing heterologous proteins. In order to compare the efficacy of recombinant vaccines with the HA gene at different sites, the growth curves and the HA expression levels of HVT-005/006-hCMV-HA, HVT-005/006-MLV-HA, and HVT-029/031-MLV-HA were first examined in vitro. While the growth kinetics of three recombinant viruses were not significantly different from those of parent HVT, higher expression of the HA gene was achieved from the HVT005/006 site than that from the HVT029/031 site. The efficacy of the three recombinant viruses against avian influenza H9N2 virus was also evaluated using one-day-old SPF chickens. Chickens immunized with HVT-005/006-MLV-HA or HVT-005/006-hCMV-HA displayed reduced virus shedding compared to HVT-029/031-MLV-HA vaccinated chickens. Moreover, the overall hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titers of HVT-005/006-HA-vaccinated chickens were higher than that of HVT-029/031-HA-vaccinated chickens. However, HVT-005/006-MLV-HA and HVT-005/006-hCMV-HA did not result in a significant difference in the level of HA expression in vitro and provided the same protective efficacy (100%) at 5 days after challenge. In the current study, the results suggested that recombinant HVT005/006 vaccines caused better expression of HA than recombinant HVT029/031 vaccine, and that HVT-005/006-MLV-HA or HVT-005/006-hCMV-HA could be a candidate vaccine for the protection of chickens against H9N2 influenza.
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Kokudo, Takashi, Kiyoshi Hasegawa, Yutaka Matsuyama, et al. "Liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma associated with hepatic vein invasion: A Japanese nationwide survey." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 4_suppl (2017): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.4_suppl.371.
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371 Background: Because of the rarity of hepatic vein tumor thrombus (HVTT), compared with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT), in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), little is known about this disease entity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognosis of each treatment modality for HVTT through an analysis of data collected in a Japanese nationwide survey. Methods: We analyzed data for 1,021 Child-Pugh A HCC patients with HVTT without inferior vena cava invasion registered between 2000 and 2007. Of these patients, 540 patients who underwent liver resection (LR) and 481 patients who received other treatments were compared. The propensity scores were calculated and we successfully matched 244 patients (52.5% of the LR group). Results: The median survival time (MST) in the LR group was 2.89 years longer than that in the non-LR group (4.47 years vs 1.58 years; P < 0.001) and 1.17 years longer than that in the non-LR group (2.93 years vs 1.76 years; P = 0.009) in a propensity score-matched cohort. After curative resection, the MSTs were similar between patients with HVTT in the peripheral hepatic vein and those with HVTT in the major hepatic vein (4.85 years vs 4.67 years; P = 0.974). In the LR group, the postoperative 90-day mortality rate was 3.4% (16patients). In patients without PVTT, the MST was significantly better than that in patients with PVTT (5.67 years vs. 1.88 years; P < 0.001). Conclusions: LR is associated with a good prognosis in HCC patients with HVTT, especially in patients without PVTT.
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Villano, Anthony M., Alexander Zeymo, James McDermott, et al. "Regionalization of Retroperitoneal Sarcoma Surgery to High-Volume Hospitals: Missed Opportunities for Outcome Improvement." Journal of Oncology Practice 15, no. 3 (2019): e247-e261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jop.18.00349.
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PURPOSE: Surgery continues to be the dominant therapy for the management of retroperitoneal soft-tissue sarcoma (RPS). Many groups advocate performing these resections at high-volume hospitals (HVHs), given their complexity. We therefore sought to explore whether RPS surgery has indeed begun to regionalize to HVHs in the same manner as pancreatic cancer (PC) surgery during the last decade. METHODS: We identified 70,763 patients who underwent surgical resection for RPS or PC using the National Cancer Database (2004 to 2015). Patients were stratified by hospital surgical volume. We performed an adjusted time trend analysis to compare trends in performance of surgery at HVHs for RPS versus PC. Multivariable logistic analyses were then performed, controlling for covariables, to elucidate relationships between patient-, hospital-, and treatment-related variables that may contribute to these observed trends. RESULTS: Only 9.6% of patients underwent RPS surgery at HVHs. During this time period, the odds ratio of undergoing RPS compared with pancreatectomy at HVHs was 0.65 ( P < .05). Time trend analysis estimated that whereas both procedures are regionalizing, the rate of RPS regionalization grew at 30.5% of the rate of PC (1.017 v 1.056; P < .001) and remained consistent after using several hospital volume thresholds and hospital volume as a continuous variable. CONCLUSION: Results from this retrospective multi-institutional analysis uncovered a lag in the regionalization of surgery for RPS compared with PC surgery. These findings reinforce the call to regionalize surgery for RPS to HVHs in a manner that is similar to that of other procedures in complex cancer surgery.
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Zhao, Ping, Ruiqiang Zheng, Lu Xue, Min Zhang, and Xiaoyan Wu. "Early Fluid Resuscitation and High Volume Hemofiltration Decrease Septic Shock Progression in Swine." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/181845.
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This study aimed to assess the effects of early fluid resuscitation (EFR) combined with high volume hemofiltration (HVHF) on the cardiopulmonary function and removal of inflammatory mediators in a septic shock swine model. Eighteen swine were randomized into three groups: control(n=6)(extracorporeal circulating blood only), continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) (n=6; ultrafiltration volume = 25 mL/Kg/h), and HVHF (n=6; ultrafiltration volume = 85 mL/Kg/h). The septic shock model was established by intravenous infusion of lipopolysaccharides (50 µg/kg/h). Hemodynamic parameters (arterial pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, stroke volume variability, left ventricular contractility, systemic vascular resistance, and central venous pressure), vasoactive drug parameters (dose and time of norepinephrine and hourly fluid intake), pulmonary function (partial oxygen pressure and vascular permeability), and cytokines (interleukin-6 and interleukin-10) were observed. Treatment resulted in significant changes at 4–6 h. HVHF was beneficial, as shown by the dose of vasoactive drugs, fluid intake volume, left ventricular contractility index, and partial oxygen pressure. Both CRRT and HVHF groups showed improved removal of inflammatory mediators compared with controls. In conclusion, EFR combined with HVHF improved septic shock in this swine model. The combination decreased shock progression, reduced the need for vasoactive drugs, and alleviated the damage to cardiopulmonary functions.
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Sheena, Latif, and J. S. Savier. "Particle Swarm Optimized Phase Shifted DVR (PSDVR) for High Voltage Ride through in DFIG." Journal of Emerging Trends in Electrical Engineering 3, no. 1 (2021): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4596015.
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<em>Doubly fed Induction Generators have gained attention among wind power manufacturers across the globe, owing to its benefits of partially rated converters and stable performance during variable wind speed conditions. DFIGs are very sensitive to grid voltage sag or swell conditions. The low voltage ride through of DFIG during voltage sag has been a sensitive area of research for the past decade. A more serious issue now gaining interest among researchers world-wide is high voltage ride through (HVRT) of DFIG based wind farms. A sudden disconnection of connected inductive load or transformers or improper switching can lead to the voltage swell condition of grid connected DFIG. The rise in voltage has its effects on the stator flux and current of DFIG and its consequences on the magnetically coupled rotor and its converters. HVRT is a relatively new area of research and the various possibilities of HVRT technologies are still being investigated. This paper proposes a promising solution for HVRT of DFIG using Phase Shifted Dynamic Voltage Restorer (PSDVR) with governing equations and design considerations. The simulation is carried out in MATLAB/SIMULINK and the obtained results justify the analogy of Phase Shifted DVR for HVRT in DFIG. The DVR controllers are optimized using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithmic MATLAB.</em>
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Hemanth, T., G. V. Nagesh Kumar, and Vempalle Rafi. "An Enhanced Control Procedure for that DVR to accomplish both LVRT and HVRT in the DFIG Wind Turbine." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2325, no. 1 (2022): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2325/1/012026.
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Abstract In general, Double Fed Induction Generator DFIG-driven wind turbines are extremely sensitive to fluctuations in the grid voltage. For enhancing DFIG wind turbines, this paper proposes an improved procedure for controlling Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) to simultaneously perform both Low Voltage Ride Through (LVRT) and High Voltage Ride Through (HVRT) operations. Consequently, both LVRT and HVRT capabilities are used to increase DFIG performance during grid disturbances. In this study, the Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) has been presented to enhance the capabilities of LVRT and HVRT. MATLAB simulations show that a proposed strategy works as expected.
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Shao, Yijun, Yan Cheng, Stuart J. Nelson, et al. "Hybrid Value-Aware Transformer Architecture for Joint Learning from Longitudinal and Non-Longitudinal Clinical Data." Journal of Personalized Medicine 13, no. 7 (2023): 1070. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm13071070.
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Transformer is the latest deep neural network (DNN) architecture for sequence data learning, which has revolutionized the field of natural language processing. This success has motivated researchers to explore its application in the healthcare domain. Despite the similarities between longitudinal clinical data and natural language data, clinical data presents unique complexities that make adapting Transformer to this domain challenging. To address this issue, we have designed a new Transformer-based DNN architecture, referred to as Hybrid Value-Aware Transformer (HVAT), which can jointly learn from longitudinal and non-longitudinal clinical data. HVAT is unique in the ability to learn from the numerical values associated with clinical codes/concepts such as labs, and in the use of a flexible longitudinal data representation called clinical tokens. We have also trained a prototype HVAT model on a case-control dataset, achieving high performance in predicting Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias as the patient outcome. The results demonstrate the potential of HVAT for broader clinical data-learning tasks.
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Wang, Shi-Wan, Xiao-Wei Zhang, Jin-Xiu Qu, et al. "Hemolysis attributed to high dose vitamin C: Two case reports." World Journal of Clinical Cases 12, no. 17 (2024): 3168–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v12.i17.3168.
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BACKGROUND High-dose vitamin C treatment (HVCT) can reduce the adverse effect of chemotherapy and enhance the effect of antitumor therapy, which has been considered one of the safest alternative treatments. However, the severity of its adverse effects may have been underestimated. The most serious adverse effect is hemolysis, which may result in acute kidney injury or death. Although glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is considered to be the main cause, the probability and pathological mechanism are not completely understood, leading to a lack of effective and standardized treatment methods. CASE SUMMARY Two patients with colorectal cancer developed hemolytic anemia after using 1 g/kg HVCT. In contrast to previous cases, the lowest hemoglobin level in the two cases was < 50 g/L, which was lower than previously reported. This may be because Case 1 had chronic hepatitis B for many years, which caused abnormal liver reserve function, and Case 2 had grade II bone marrow suppression. Both patients improved and were discharged after blood replacement therapy. Our cases had the most severe degree of hemolysis but the best prognosis, suggesting that our treatment may be helpful for rescue of drug-induced hemolysis. This is the first review of the literature on hemolysis caused by HVCT, and we found that all patients with G6PD deficiency developed hemolysis after HVCT. CONCLUSION G6PD deficiency should be considered as a contraindication to HVCT, and it is not recommended for patients with bone marrow suppression, moderate-to-severe anemia, hematopoietic abnormalities, or abnormal liver and kidney function. Early blood purification and steroid therapy may avoid acute kidney injury or death caused by HVCT-related hemolytic anemia.
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Selingerova, Iveta, Klara Holikova, Tomas Chodur, et al. "Challenges with hippocampal MR spectroscopy as a surrogate for pre-radiotherapy assessment of neurocognitive impairment in patients with brain metastasis." Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic 168, no. 3 (2024): 206–15. https://doi.org/10.5507/bp.2024.012.
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Aim. Patients with multiple brain metastases (BM) benefit from hippocampal-avoiding whole brain radiotherapy (HA-WBRT), the challenging and less available form of WBRT. This study explores potential of pre-radiotherapy (preRT) hippocampal magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) measuring hippocampal neuronal density as an imaging surrogate and predictive tool for assessing neurocognitive functions (NCF). Methods. 43 BM patients underwent pre-RT hippocampal MRS. N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) concentration, a marker for neuronal density (weighted by creatine (Cr) and choline (Cho) concentrations), and neurocognitive function (NCF) tests (HVLT and BVMT) performed by certified psychologists were evaluated. Clinical variables and NAA concentrations were correlated with pre-RT NCFs. Results. HVLT and BVMT subtests showed pre-RT deterioration except for BVMT recognition. Significantly better NCFs were observed in women in HVLT subsets. Significantly higher NAA/Cr + Cho was measured in women (median 0.63 vs. 0.55; P=0.048) in the left hippocampus (no difference in the right hippocampus). In men, a positive correlation (0.51, P=0.018) between total brain volume and HVLT-TR, between left hippocampal NAA/Cr + Cho and HVLT-R (0.45, P=0.063), and between right hippocampal NAA/Cr + Cho and BVMT-recognition (0.49, P=0.054) was observed. In women, a borderline significant negative correlation was observed between left hippocampal NAA/Cr + Cho and BVMT-TR (−0.43, P=0.076) and between right NAA/Cr + Cho and HVLT-DR (−0.42, P=0.051). Conclusion. Borderline statistically significant correlations were observed with speculative interpretation underlying the challenges of hippocampal MRS as a surrogate for neurocognitive impairment. Further studies need to be done to ascertain the opportunities for imaging predictors of benefit from memory sparing radiotherapy.
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Hill, David M., Daniel Kail, Faisal Arif, Ibrahim Sultan-Ali, and Sai R. Velamuri. "516 Phosphorus Requirements in Patients with Severe Thermal Injuries Requiring High-Volume Hemofiltration." Journal of Burn Care & Research 43, Supplement_1 (2022): S93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/irac012.147.
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Abstract Introduction Patients with thermal injuries have increased metabolic demands, requiring increased phosphate supplementation. Evidence is scant depicting incidence of hypophosphatemia and repletion requirements in patients with thermal injuries treated with high-volume hemofiltration (HVHF) and a high-flux membrane. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of hypophosphatemia and characterize repletion requirements in this population. Methods This study was a case-control, retrospective chart review. Patients were included if sustained at least 20% total body surface area (TBSA) thermal injuries and required continuous HVHF (prescribed doses ≥ 35 mL/kg/hr). A randomly selected cohort (matched to age, TBSA, and inhalation injury) without acute kidney injury (AKI) was used to compare phosphorus requirements over an initial 14 day period. An a priori sample size was calculated (n = 26) to detect a minimum difference of 0.3 mmol/kg/day. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare requirements and concentrations. Demographics, diet, and variables affecting phosphorus concentrations were compared utilizing Fisher's exact, Student's t-test, or Mann-Whitney test depending on type and distribution. Results One thousand sixty-six patients were screened. Most were excluded from the HVHF group for TBSA &lt; 20% (58%) or not a burn injury (29%). Sixteen patients were included in each group. The average age was 60.2 ± 15.1 vs 53.3 ± 16.4 (p = 0.22) with median TBSA (p = 0.73) of 30% (23.4, 56.3) vs 29% (26.4, 33.9). All patients in the study group were started on HVHF for AKI, utilizing a 1.6m2 polyethersulfone membrane (mean delivered prefilter dose of 54.7 ± 1.5 ml/kg/hr), and had statistically higher potassium and phosphorous laboratory values at baseline. Parenteral phosphorus replacements were 2 fold higher in the HVHF group (p = 0.02), but not statistically different after accounting for estimated enteral intake. Despite providing 0.75 mmol/kg/day of phosphorous supplementation (vs 0.66 mmol/kg/day in control, p = 0.45), the HVHF group experienced more days with hypophosphatemia (49.6 ± 12.4 % vs 29.3 ± 16.3 %, p = 0.012). By 72h, every HVHF patient experienced at least one episode of hypophosphatemia. Patients on longer durations of therapy had increasing risk of hypophosphatemia. There was a significant difference in days requiring mechanical ventilation (p &lt; 0.001) Conclusions This study demonstrates thermally injured patients receiving HVHF for AKI are at increased risk for hypophosphatemia and require higher phosphate supplementation to maintain lower average serum concentrations, as compared to the controls with similar burns but without acute kidney injury.
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Zhu, Kai, Andrew Jamroz, Steven J. T. Huang, et al. "Hodgkin Variant of Richter's Transformation (HvRT) Among Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma (SLL) Patients in British Columbia (BC), Canada." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (2020): 13–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-141183.
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Background: Richter transformation (RT) to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a well-known complication of CLL/SLL, occurring in 2-10% of patients (pts); however, a minority transform to Hodgkin lymphoma, termed Hodgkin variant of RT (HvRT). Because of the rarity of HvRT, there is limited information regarding prognostic factors and treatment approach. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical characteristics, treatment and survival of HvRT in a population based cohort of CLL/SLL pts in BC. Methods: Provincial databases were retrospectively reviewed from Jan. 1994 - Feb. 2020 to identify all CLL/SLL pts in BC with histologically proven HvRT using central pathology review. Overall survival (OS) was defined from HL diagnosis to death/last follow-up (f/u); progression-free survival (PFS) was defined from HL diagnosis to lymphoma progression, death or last f/u. Results: 32 pts with HvRT from CLL (N=18) or SLL (N=14) were identified. Median f/u for living pts from CLL/SLL diagnosis was 129 months (mos) (range, 25-504). Most pts were male (87%) with median age at CLL/SLL and HL diagnoses of 64 years (y) (range, 35-83) and 71 y (range, 51-86), respectively. Median interval from CLL/SLL diagnosis to HvRT was 67 mos (range, 0-403), with composite CLL/SLL and HL diagnosed in 5 pts (16%). At CLL/SLL diagnosis, 50% (15/30) had Rai or Ann Arbor stage 3-4; 7% (1/14) had del(17p), 29% (4/14) del(13q), 0% (0/14) del(11q), 29% (4/14) trisomy 12 and 50% (7/14) had no abnormalities. Most pts (80%; 24/30) had treatment for CLL/SLL prior to HvRT: purine analogues (PA) in 67% (20/30), alkylators in 50% (15/30), rituximab in 60% (18/30) and ibrutinib in 17% (5/30%). Median number of treatment lines prior to HvRT was 2 (range, 0-4) and median time from last CLL/SLL therapy to HvRT was 15 mos (range, 1-107). HvRT was characterized by Ann Arbor stage 3-4 in 87% (25/29) of cases, B symptoms in 67% (18/27), International Prognostic Score (IPS) ≥ 4 in 67% (18/27), and Epstein Barr virus (EBV) positivity in 59% (13/22). Richter Prognosis Score (RPS) was low risk (RPS 0-1) in 48% (10/21 pts), low-intermediate (RPS 2) in 33% (7/21) and high-int/high (RPS 3-5) in 19% (4/21). ABVD (adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine) or ABVD-like therapy (AVD or modified ABVD dose/regimen) was the most common primary HL therapy, used in 65% (20/31). Others were alkylator-based regimens in 13% (4/31); brentuximab, ibrutinib and cyclosporine in 1 case each, and local excision in 1 case. 4 pts had radiotherapy for primary (N=2) or relapsed HL (N=2). No pts had autologous stem cell transplant (SCT); however, 1 had a reduced intensity allogeneic SCT 10.8 mos after HvRT. 3 pts (10%) had no HL therapy due to frailty. Median f/u for living pts from HvRT was 25 mos (range, 4-100). 18 pts (56%) experienced lymphoma progression: 5 CLL/SLL, 8 HL, 1 with a second RT to DLBCL and 4 with unknown subtype. One pt, who first progressed with CLL after HvRT, subsequently developed a second RT to DLBCL. At time of last f/u, 75% of pts (24/32) died. Cause of death was lymphoma in 14 pts (3 CLL/SLL; 7 HL; 2 DLBCL; 2 unknown subtype), treatment-related toxicity in 5, secondary malignancy in 2, other causes in 2 and unknown cause in 1. The 2 y OS and PFS from HvRT were 55% (95% CI: 36-71%) and 46% (95% CI: 28-62%), respectively, Fig. 1A-B. Factors at HvRT significantly affecting OS included low hemoglobin (&lt; 120 vs ≥ 120 x 109/L, P=.02), elevated lactate dehydrogenase (elevated vs normal, P=.04), high IPS (IPS ≥ 4 vs &lt; 4, P=.04), and, among pts who received chemotherapy (N=27), primary HL therapy (non-ABVD vs ABVD/ABVD-like, P=.048). The only factor significantly associated with PFS was primary HL treatment (P&lt;.001). 2 y OS and PFS for those who received ABVD/ABVD-like regimens (N=20) were 74% (95% CI: 49-89%) and 70% (95% CI: 45-85%), respectively. Time from last CLL therapy to HvRT (≤ 12 vs &gt;12 mos, P=.72), prior treatment for CLL (P=0.15), prior PA therapy (P=.14), B symptoms at HvRT (P=0.12), EBV positivity (P=.24) and RPS (0-2 vs 3-5, P=.85) did not significantly impact OS or PFS. Conclusion: In this real-world population-based cohort of CLL/SLL pts, HvRT was associated with poor clinical outcomes, with a median OS less than 3 y from time of HvRT. This may be in part due to the older age of HvRT diagnosis, which limits the ability to give curative therapy with ABVD. Further biological and clinical investigation of this rare entity, particularly in the era of novel agents, is warranted to improve outcomes. Disclosures Villa: Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria; Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; AZ: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Kite/Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria; Nano String: Consultancy, Honoraria; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Honoraria; Sandoz Canada: Consultancy, Honoraria; Immunovaccine: Consultancy, Honoraria; Purdue Pharma: Consultancy, Honoraria. Scott:NIH: Consultancy, Other: Co-inventor on a patent related to the MCL35 assay filed at the National Institutes of Health, United States of America.; Roche/Genentech: Research Funding; Abbvie: Consultancy; AstraZeneca: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy, Research Funding; NanoString: Patents & Royalties: Named inventor on a patent licensed to NanoString, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy. Sehn:Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; MorphoSys: Consultancy, Honoraria; Merck: Consultancy, Honoraria; Lundbeck: Consultancy, Honoraria; Karyopharm: Consultancy, Honoraria; Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria; Kite: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Acerta: Consultancy, Honoraria; Genentech, Inc.: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria; Apobiologix: Consultancy, Honoraria; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Honoraria; Servier: Consultancy, Honoraria; TG therapeutics: Consultancy, Honoraria; Chugai: Consultancy, Honoraria; Verastem Oncology: Consultancy, Honoraria; Teva: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria; Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria. Connors:Seattle Genetics: Other: Sponsorship to educational presentations; Takeda: Other: Sponsorship to educational presentations. Toze:Janssen: Consultancy. Savage:Merck, BMS, Seattle Genetics, Gilead, AstraZeneca, AbbVie, Servier: Consultancy; BeiGene: Other: Steering Committee; Merck, BMS, Seattle Genetics, Gilead, AstraZeneca, AbbVie: Honoraria; Roche (institutional): Research Funding. Gerrie:Roche: Research Funding; Sandoz: Consultancy; Astrazeneca: Consultancy, Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding.
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Stimmel, Marnina, Emmeline Ayers, Joe Verghese, and Erica Weiss. "A-160 Validating the Picture-Based Memory Impairment Screen as a Memory Screener in a Diverse Primary Care Setting." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 36, no. 6 (2021): 1215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acab062.178.
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Abstract Objective Quick cognitive screeners which can be used for ethnically and educationally diverse patients are particularly useful within the primary care setting. The Picture-Based Memory Impairment Screen (PMIS) is a brief screening tool which has been validated in such a population. Here we compare the PMIS against a gold-standard memory task (Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised [HVLT-R]) and evaluate its utility as a stand-alone memory screener. Method In this cross-sectional study, adults over 65 with cognitive concerns were recruited at their primary care visit to complete the PMIS as part of a larger randomized controlled trial aimed at improving detection of cognitive impairment. A subset of those participants also agreed to complete neuropsychological testing in English or Spanish (including the HVLT-R). Correlations were performed. Results 108 participants (Mean age = 73; 73% female; 39% Black/AA; 58% Hispanic; 52% evaluated in Spanish; Mean years education = 10.8) completed the PMIS and HVLT-R. The PMIS was correlated with the HVLT-R Immediate Raw Score (rs = 0.229, p = 0.17) and even more strongly correlated with the HVLT-R Delayed Raw Score (rs = 0.347, p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions Early results of this ongoing trial suggest that the PMIS is a useful memory screener which can be used to quickly identify individuals in a diverse primary care setting who are likely to have memory weakness.
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Nakamura, Kenichi, Toru Beppu, Hiromitsu Hayashi, et al. "Recurrence-Free Survival of a Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patient With Tumor Thrombosis of the Inferior Vena Cava After Treatment With Sorafenib and Hepatic Resection." International Surgery 100, no. 5 (2015): 908–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.9738/intsurg-d-14-00133.1.
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Sorafenib (Nexabar, Bayer, Berlin, Germany), one of multikinase inhibitors, can infrequently downstage advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). There are some reports that sorafenib in combination with other modalities, such as transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) or radiation therapy, could represent a bridge to surgery. We have observed a progressive HCC case with hepatic vein tumor thrombosis proceeding to the inferior vena cava (IVC-HVTT) convert to a state of feasible curative resection after a multidisciplinary treatment which included sorafenib. The patient underwent a successful resection in consequence of this therapy. A 45-year-old male with Hepatitis B Virus-associated chronic hepatitis was diagnosed as HCC with IVC-HVTT. To obtain oncological curative resection, we performed TACE, radiation therapy followed by administration of sorafenib (800 mg per day, total 72 g). The tumor including IVC-HVTT remarkably shrank, therefore, an extended posterior sectionectomy and total removal of the IVC-HVTT was successfully performed. The operation time was 736 minutes and the amount of intraoperative hemorrhage was 805 mL. No postoperative complication occurred. Adjuvant therapy with sorafenib was started four weeks after the operation and continued for 6 months (800 mg per day, total 144 g). The patient is alive without recurrence for about 4 years from the initial therapy. Multidisciplinary therapy including sorafenib, TACE, radiation, and hepatic resection may be an effective strategy to treat HCC patients with IVC-HVTT.
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Ting, Jonathan Y., Derek M. Houston, and Richard T. Miyamoto. "Does Early Speech Discrimination Predict Language Ability?" Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 139, no. 2_suppl (2008): P101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2008.05.523.
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Problem There is a paucity of instruments available to assess speech discrimination in normal-hearing (NH) and hearing-impaired (HI) infants. We assess the utility of a hybrid visual habituation paradigm (HVHP) in assessing speech discrimination and predicting later language ability. Methods NH infants were tested with the HVHP on an easier vowel contrast or a more difficult fricative contrast. Parents completed Macarthur Communicative Development Inventories (CDI) when infants were 14,18,24, and 30 months old to assess correlations between discrimination abilities and later language ability. Similarly, HVHP and CDI measures were obtained from HI infants at following hearing aid (HA) or cochlear implant (CI) use. Results 29% of NH infants significantly discriminated the vowel contrast. 6% of NH infants significantly discriminated the fricative contrast. Effect size of fricative discrimination at 9 months correlated with early gestures (n=10), r=.73 p=.02, and later gestures (n=10, r=.81 p = .01), at 14 months of age. HI infants tested on the vowel contrast at 3 months of HA use demonstrated significant correlations of effect size of discrimination with phrases understood at 6 months of HA use (n=4, r=.96, p=0.04) and vocabulary production at 9 months of HA use (n=5, r=.90, p=0.04). Conclusion The HVHP can be used with various contrasts to assess the speech discrimination abilities of NH and HI infants. While data collection is ongoing, it appears that performance on the HVHP may correlate with later language outcomes in both NH and HI infants. Significance This study assesses the utility of the HVHP in assessing speech discrimination, and is a step towards developing clinical tools to assess the progress of HI infants following early intervention. Support Supported by a 2007 AAO-HNSF Resident Research Award and NIH grant R01DC6235 to Indiana University.
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Xu, Huai, Widaliz Vega-Rodriguez, Kathrine Van Etten, and Keith Jarosinski. "The Requirement of Turkey Herpesvirus (HVT) Glycoprotein C During Natural Infection in Chickens and Turkeys." Pathogens 14, no. 6 (2025): 538. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14060538.
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The glycoprotein C (gC) of gallid alphaherpesvirus 2—better known as Marek’s disease (MD) virus (MDV)—and gallid alphaherpesvirus 3 is required for horizontal transmission in chickens. Since gC is conserved within the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily, we hypothesized that gC was also essential for the horizontal transmission of meleagrid alphaherpesvirus 1 (MeAHV1) or turkey herpesvirus (HVT). To test this hypothesis, we generated a fluorescent protein-tagged clone of recombinant (r)HVT (vHVT47G), removed the open reading frame of HVT gC from the genome (vHΔgC), and rescued the deletion by inserting an HA-epitope tagged HVT gC (vHΔgC-R) to test their ability to transmit in chickens and turkeys. We also tested whether MDV gC could compensate for HVT gC during transmission, where HVT gC was replaced with MDV gC (vH-MDVgC). Although all viruses replicated in chickens, none spread from chicken to chicken. However, when tested in turkeys, all viruses except vHΔgC transmitted from turkey to turkey. Importantly, the rescuent virus (vHΔgC-R) and HVT expressing MDV gC (vH-MDVgC) rescued transmission, showing that HVT gC is required and MDV gC can compensate for HVT gC for turkey-to-turkey transmission. These data confirm the host-specific transmission of HVT in turkeys and suggest that the essential function of alphaherpesvirus gC proteins is conserved. This information can be exploited while generating future vaccines against MD that will affect the poultry industry worldwide.
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Deng, Jun, Zhenghao Qi, Nan Xia, Tong Gao, Yang Zhang, and Jiandong Duan. "Control Strategy and Parameter Optimization Based on Grid Side Current Dynamic Change Rate for Doubly-Fed Wind Turbine High Voltage Ride Through." Energies 15, no. 21 (2022): 7977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15217977.
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High voltage ride through (HVRT) control strategies for doubly-fed induction wind turbines (DFIG) have mostly focused on the rotor side converter, while the reactive power compensation capability of the grid side converter and the impact of grid side converter current transients have often been ignored on the DC bus voltage and reactive power. Therefore, a control strategy based on grid side current dynamic change characteristics is proposed, which resets the reference values of the grid side active and reactive currents for wind turbine HVRT to ensure partial absorption of reactive power on the grid side. Secondly, the key parameter in the proposed control strategy is optimization to get the most suitable DC bus voltage value with the grey wolf algorithm. Finally, the grid-integrated wind turbine simulation model is built on the MATLAB/SIMULINK and RT-Lab platforms. The simulation test results show that the proposed HVRT control strategy and its parameter optimization method are effective, DFIG can achieve HVRT when the wind turbine voltage rises to 1.3 pu.
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Shah, Abid Ullah, Zhisheng Wang, Yating Zheng, et al. "Construction of a Novel Infectious Clone of Recombinant Herpesvirus of Turkey Fc-126 Expressing VP2 of IBDV." Vaccines 10, no. 9 (2022): 1391. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10091391.
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The increased virulence of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a threat to the chicken industry. The construction of novel herpesvirus of turkey-vectored (HVT) vaccines expressing VP2 of virulent IBDV may be a promising vaccine candidate for controlling this serious disease in chickens. We generated a novel infectious clone of HVT Fc-126 by inserting mini-F sequences in lieu of the glycoprotein C (gC) gene. Based on this bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC), a VP2 expression cassette containing the pMCMV IE promoter and a VP2 sequence from the virulent IBDV NJ09 strain was inserted into the noncoding area between the UL55 and UL56 genes to generate the HVT vector VP2 recombinant, named HVT-VP2-09. The recovered vectored mutant HVT-VP2-09 exhibited higher titers (p = 0.0202 at 36 h) or similar growth kinetics to the parental virus HVT Fc-126 (p = 0.1181 at 48 h and p = 0.1296 at 64 h). The high reactivation ability and strong expression of VP2 by HVT-VP2-09 in chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) were confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) and Western blotting. The AGP antibodies against IBDV were detected beginning at 3 weeks post-inoculation (P.I.) of HVT-VP2-09 in 1-day-old SPF chickens. Seven of ten chickens immunized with HVT-VP2-09 were protected post-challenge (P.C.) with the virulent IBDV NJ09 strain. In contrast, all chickens in the challenge control group showed typical IBD lesions in bursals, and eight of ten died P.C. In this study, we demonstrated that (i) a novel HVT BAC with the whole genome of the Fc-126 strain was obtained with the insertion of mini-F sequences in lieu of the gC gene; (ii) HVT-VP2-09 harboring the VP2 expression cassette from virulent IBDV exhibited in vitro growth properties similar to those of the parental HVT virus in CEF cells; and (iii) HVT-VP2-09 can provide efficient protection against the IBDV NJ09 strain.
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Erf, Gisela F., Gilles Le Pape, Sylvie Rémy, and Caroline Denesvre. "Mardivirus Infection and Persistence in Feathers of a Chicken Model Harboring a Local Autoimmune Response." Microorganisms 8, no. 10 (2020): 1613. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8101613.
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Herpesvirus of turkey (HVT) is commonly used as a vaccine to protect chickens against Marek’s disease. Following vaccination, HVT infects feathers where it can be detected in all chicken lines examined. Unlike the parental Brown line (BL), Smyth line (SL) chickens develop vitiligo, due to autoimmune destruction of melanocytes in feathers. Previous reports showed a strong inflammatory response in Smyth chickens’ feathers at vitiligo onset, that subsided once melanocytes were destroyed, and depigmentation was complete. Here, we questioned whether the local autoimmune response in the Smyth model influences HVT infection and persistence in feathers. For this, one-day-old SL and BL chickens were vaccinated with Newcastle disease (rHVT-ND). Vitiligo was scored and HVT loads in pigmented and non-pigmented growing feathers were quantified regularly over 20 weeks. Chickens of both lines showed moderate HVT loads in feathers. At the onset of active vitiligo, the HVT load was significantly higher in SL compared to BL feathers. However, no difference in HVT loads was noticed between pigmented and non-pigmented feathers from SL chickens. Therefore, surprisingly, the inflammatory response in feathers of SL chickens did not inhibit HVT infection and persistence, but on the contrary, temporarily promoted HVT infection in feathers.
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McDougall, Graham J., Ian M. McDonough, and Kyle Kraemer. "EFFECT OF STIGMA ON OUTCOMES OF A MEMORY TRAINING INTERVENTION." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (2019): S658. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2438.
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Abstract Cultural stereotypes equated with aging that emphasize decreasing competence and increasing forgetfulness can be threatening to older adults. Even brief exposure via entertainment media or the patronizing behavior of others may induce stigma in elders and thereby impair memory and executive functions. The sample was recruited for an RCT known as Senior WISE and conducted in Central Texas. The average age was 75 years and average of 14 years of education. Sex and minority status were consistent across groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS, v21. First, Pearson Rs were calculated between stigma (MIA Anxiety subscale) and memory outcomes at baseline. Stigma related significantly to Rivermead (RBMT), HVLT, and Memory Self-Efficacy (MSQ). Then, after controlling for the effects of trait anxiety, stigma explained a significant portion of the variance within scores on the RBMT (β = -.139, R2 MIA Change = .016, p = .037), HVLT (β = -.145 R2 Change = .017, p =.032), and MSQ-35 (β = -.253, R2 Change = .053, p &lt; .001). Change in stigma was significantly associated with change in HVLT scores among those in the memory training group, r(105) = -.228, p = .018. Reductions in stigma were related to increases in HVLT score, β = -.14, F(1, 201) = 3.021, p = .084, R2 Change = .015; however, the overall regression model was not a good predictor of HVLT change, F(4, 201) = 1.793, p = .132, R2 = .034. Stigma is a high priority area of scientific inquiry and a self-fulfilling prophecy.
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Bernat, Patrick, Darren G. Candow, Karolina Gryzb, Sara Butchart, Brad J. Schoenfeld, and Paul Bruno. "Effects of high-velocity resistance training and creatine supplementation in untrained healthy aging males." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 44, no. 11 (2019): 1246–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2019-0066.
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The purpose was to investigate the effects of high-velocity resistance training (HVRT) and creatine supplementation in untrained healthy aging males. Participants were randomized to supplement with creatine (0.1 g·kg−1·day−1 of creatine + 0.1 g·kg−1·day−1 of maltodextrin) or placebo (0.2 g·kg−1·day−1 of maltodextrin) during 8 weeks of HVRT. Prior to and following HVRT and supplementation, assessments were made for muscle strength, muscle thickness, peak torque, and physical performance. There was a significant increase over time for all measures of muscle strength (p < 0.001), muscle thickness (p < 0.001), and some measures of peak torque (knee flexion; 1.05 and 3.14 rad/s; p < 0.001) and physical performance (balance board time-to-completion; p = 0.017). There was a group × time interaction for leg press strength (p = 0.044) and total lower-body strength (leg press, knee flexion, knee extension combined; p = 0.039). The creatine group experienced greater gains in leg press and total lower-body strength compared with the placebo group, with no other differences. HVRT increases muscle strength, muscle thickness, and some measures of peak torque and physical performance in untrained healthy aging males. The addition of creatine supplementation to HVRT further augments the gains in leg press and total lower-body strength. Novelty High-velocity resistance training increases muscle mass and performance. Creatine supplementation increases lower-body muscle strength. High-velocity resistance training and creatine supplementation are safe interventions for aging adults.
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Crockett, Rachel, Holly Baker, Kai Uus, John Bamford, and Theresa M. Marteau. "Maternal anxiety and satisfaction following infant hearing screening: a comparison of the health visitor distraction test and newborn hearing screening." Journal of Medical Screening 12, no. 2 (2005): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0969141053908320.
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Background: Newborn hearing screening is currently replacing the health visitor distraction test (HVDT) conducted at eight months. Our previous research indicates that recall for further tests following newborn hearing screening can have a negative impact on the emotional well being of mothers, but it is not known if this is greater than that caused by recall following the distraction test. Objective: To compare the impact on maternal anxiety and satisfaction of recall following newborn hearing screening and the HVDT. Methods: Four groups participated: 27 mothers of babies receiving a satisfactory result and 21 mothers of babies recalled after the HVDT 26 mothers of babies receiving a satisfactory result and 16 mothers of babies recalled after newborn hearing screening. Questionnaires assessing maternal anxiety, worry and certainty about the babies' hearing, satisfaction with and attitudes towards the screening test were sent to mothers three weeks and six months following screening. Results: Comparison of the effects of receipt of different results showed no significant differences in maternal anxiety, worry and certainty between the two tests. Those mothers whose babies had a newborn hearing screening test were significantly more satisfied, regardless of the result received. Those who received a satisfactory result on the newborn hearing screening programme also had more positive attitudes towards that screening test than those receiving a satisfactory result following the HVDT. Conclusion: These results suggest that newborn hearing screening does not have a more negative emotional impact than the HVDT.
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Wittke, Andreas, Simon von Stengel, Michael Hettchen, et al. "Protein Supplementation to Augment the Effects of High Intensity Resistance Training in Untrained Middle-Aged Males: The Randomized Controlled PUSH Trial." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3619398.
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High intensity (resistance exercise) training (HIT) defined as a “single set resistance exercise to muscular failure” is an efficient exercise method that allows people with low time budgets to realize an adequate training stimulus. Although there is an ongoing discussion, recent meta-analysis suggests the significant superiority of multiple set (MST) methods for body composition and strength parameters. The aim of this study is to determine whether additional protein supplementation may increase the effect of a HIT-protocol on body composition and strength to an equal MST-level. One hundred and twenty untrained males 30–50 years old were randomly allocated to three groups: (a) HIT, (b) HIT and protein supplementation (HIT&P), and (c) waiting-control (CG) and (after cross-over) high volume/high-intensity-training (HVHIT). HIT was defined as “single set to failure protocol” while HVHIT consistently applied two equal sets. Protein supplementation provided an overall intake of 1.5–1.7 g/kg/d/body mass. Primary study endpoint was lean body mass (LBM). LBM significantly improved in all exercise groups (p≤0.043); however only HIT&P and HVHIT differ significantly from control (p≤0.002). HIT diverges significantly from HIT&P (p=0.017) and nonsignificantly from HVHIT (p=0.059), while no differences were observed for HIT&P versus HVHIT (p=0.691). In conclusion, moderate to high protein supplementation significantly increases the effects of a HIT-protocol on LBM in middle-aged untrained males.
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Niczyporuk, Jowita Samanta, Grzegorz Woźniakowski, Elżbieta Samorek-Salamonowicz, and Hanna Czekaj. "Effect of Fowl Adenovirus (FAdV-7) Infection on the Replication of Turkey Herpesvirus FC126 in Chicken Embryo Fibroblast Cultures." Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy 56, no. 4 (2012): 441–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10213-012-0078-1.
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Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the influence of simultaneous infection of chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) with different doses of adenovirus field strain serotype 7 (FAdV-7 JN-5/10j) and turkey herpesvirus strain FC126 (FC126 HVT) on replication of the herpesvirus in in vitro cultures. Three experiments were performed: simultaneous infection of CEF with adenovirus and HVT; inoculation of CEF culture with adenovirus, followed by infection with HVT after 24 h; and inoculation of CEF with HVT, followed by the infection with adenovirus 24 h later. In order to detect the presence of HVT and adenovirus strains in CEF culture, SORF 1 and hexon genes were determined, respectively. The infection with adenovirus lowered replication of FC126 HVT in chicken embryo fibroblast.
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Denesvre, Caroline, Yu You, Sylvie Rémy, et al. "Impact of viral telomeric repeat sequences on herpesvirus vector vaccine integration and persistence." PLOS Pathogens 20, no. 5 (2024): e1012261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012261.
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Marek’s disease virus (MDV) vaccines were the first vaccines that protected against cancer. The avirulent turkey herpesvirus (HVT) was widely employed and protected billions of chickens from a deadly MDV infection. It is also among the most common vaccine vectors providing protection against a plethora of pathogens. HVT establishes latency in T-cells, allowing the vaccine virus to persist in the host for life. Intriguingly, the HVT genome contains telomeric repeat arrays (TMRs) at both ends; however, their role in the HVT life cycle remains elusive. We have previously shown that similar TMRs in the MDV genome facilitate its integration into host telomeres, which ensures efficient maintenance of the virus genome during latency and tumorigenesis. In this study, we investigated the role of the TMRs in HVT genome integration, latency, and reactivation in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, we examined HVT infection of feather follicles. We generated an HVT mutant lacking both TMRs (vΔTMR) that efficiently replicated in cell culture. We could demonstrate that wild type HVT integrates at the ends of chromosomes containing the telomeres in T-cells, while integration was severely impaired in the absence of the TMRs. To assess the role of TMRs in vivo, we infected one-day-old chickens with HVT or vΔTMR. vΔTMR loads were significantly reduced in the blood and hardly any virus was transported to the feather follicle epithelium where the virus is commonly shed. Strikingly, latency in the spleen and reactivation of the virus were severely impaired in the absence of the TMRs, indicating that the TMRs are crucial for the establishment of latency and reactivation of HVT. Our findings revealed that the TMRs facilitate integration of the HVT genome into host chromosomes, which ensures efficient persistence in the host, reactivation, and transport of the virus to the skin.