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Journal articles on the topic 'Hybrid AC/DC Grid'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 19 October 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Marques, Goncalo, Vitor Monteiro, and Joao L. Afonso. "A Full-Controlled Bidirectional Dual-Stage Interleaved Converter for Interfacing AC and DC Power Grids." Energies 17, no. 13 (2024): 3169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17133169.

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Power grids are progressing, and the possibility of incorporating DC grids toward hybrid AC/DC grids is gaining increasing relevance, as several technologies available nowadays are operating natively in DC. This paper proposes a topology of a full-controlled bidirectional dual-stage interleaved converter for interfacing hybrid AC/DC grids. The topology is based on a dual-stage architecture, constituted by an AC/DC converter and by a DC/DC converter, both based on interleaved power converters. On the AC side, which is connected to the main AC power grid, the proposed dual-stage architecture ope

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Roy, Gaurav Kumar, Marco Pau, Ferdinanda Ponci, and Antonello Monti. "A Two-Step State Estimation Algorithm for Hybrid AC-DC Distribution Grids." Energies 14, no. 7 (2021): 1967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14071967.

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Direct Current (DC) grids are considered an attractive option for integrating high shares of renewable energy sources in the electrical distribution grid. Hence, in the future, Alternating Current (AC) and DC systems could be interconnected to form hybrid AC-DC distribution grids. This paper presents a two-step state estimation formulation for the monitoring of hybrid AC-DC grids. In the first step, state estimation is executed independently for the AC and DC areas of the distribution system. The second step refines the estimation results by exchanging boundary quantities at the AC-DC converte

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3

Yu, Dong, Shan Gao, Xin Zhao, Yu Liu, Sicheng Wang, and Tiancheng E. Song. "Alternating Iterative Power-Flow Algorithm for Hybrid AC–DC Power Grids Incorporating LCCs and VSCs." Sustainability 15, no. 5 (2023): 4573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15054573.

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AC–DC power-flow calculation is the basis for studying HVDC systems. Since traditional iterative methods need many alternative iterations and have convergence problems, this paper proposes an alternating iterative power-flow algorithm for hybrid AC–DC power grids incorporating line-commutated converters (LCCs) and voltage source converters (VSCs). Firstly, the algorithm incorporates the converter interface model into the AC side, considering the influence of the DC side on the AC side, and establishes an AC-augmented Jacobian matrix model with LCC/VSC interface equation variables. Then, accord

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Rodrigues, Justino, Carlos Moreira, and João Peças Lopes. "Fault-Ride-Through Approach for Grid-Tied Smart Transformers without Local Energy Storage." Energies 14, no. 18 (2021): 5622. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14185622.

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The Smart Transformer (ST) is being envisioned as the possible backbone of future distribution grids given the enhanced controllability it provides. Moreover, the ST offers DC-link connectivity, making it an attractive solution for the deployment of hybrid AC/DC distribution grids which offer important advantages for the deployment of Renewable Energy Sources, Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) and Electric Vehicles. However, compared to traditional low-frequency magnetic transformers, the ST is inherently more vulnerable to fault disturbances which may force the ST to disconnect in order to protec

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Monteiro, Vitor, Luis F. C. Monteiro, Francesco Lo Franco, et al. "The Role of Front-End AC/DC Converters in Hybrid AC/DC Smart Homes: Analysis and Experimental Validation." Electronics 10, no. 21 (2021): 2601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10212601.

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Electrical power grids are rapidly evolving into smart grids, with smart homes also making an important contribution to this. In fact, the well-known and emerging technologies of renewables, energy storage systems and electric mobility are each time more distributed throughout the power grid and included in smart homes. In such circumstances, since these technologies are natively operating in DC, it is predictable for a revolution in the electrical grid craving a convergence to DC grids. Nevertheless, traditional loads natively operating in AC will continue to be used, highlighting the importa

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Bakeer, Abualkasim, Andrii Chub, Abderahmane Abid, Sherif A. Zaid, Thamer A. H. Alghamdi, and Hossam S. Salama. "Enhancing Grid-Forming Converters Control in Hybrid AC/DC Microgrids Using Bidirectional Virtual Inertia Support." Processes 12, no. 1 (2024): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr12010139.

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This paper presents a new grid-forming strategy for hybrid AC/DC microgrids using bidirectional virtual inertia support designed to address weak grid conditions. The stability of hybrid AC/DC microgrids heavily relies on the AC mains frequency and the DC-link voltage, and deviations in these factors can lead to undesirable outcomes such as load curtailments and power system congestions and blackouts. This paper introduces a unique approach that leverages bidirectional virtual inertia support to enhance the stability and reliability of hybrid AC/DC microgrids under weak grid conditions. The pro

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Aravind, S. P., and E. Darwin Suthar. "Design & Analysis of Hybrid Micro Grid with DC Connection at Back to Back Converter." Asian Journal of Electrical Sciences 3, no. 1 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajes-2014.3.1.1919.

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A micro grid is a localized grouping of electricity generation, energy storage, and loads that normally operate connected to a traditional centralized grid (macro grid). This single point of common coupling with the macro grid can be disconnected. The micro grid can then function autonomously. Generation and loads in a micro grid are usually interconnected at low voltage. From the point of view of the grid operator, a connected micro grid can be controlled as if it were one entity. Micro grid generation resources can include fuel cells, wind, solar, or other energy sources. The necessity of an

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8

Li, Chenghao, Di Zhang, Zhiwei Liu, et al. "An Evaluation Method of Renewable Energy Resources’ Penetration Capacity of an AC-DC Hybrid Grid." Energies 15, no. 7 (2022): 2550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15072550.

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With increasingly more renewable energy being integrated into the AC-DC hybrid grid, the grid shows more complex dynamic characteristics due to the mutual coupling of HVDC and renewable energy. To evaluate the renewable energy resources’ penetration capacity of the AC-DC hybrid grid, this paper proposes an evaluation method of the renewable energy resources’ penetration capacity of an AC-DC hybrid grid, which considers both economy and safety. Firstly, indicators are proposed for an evaluation of the economy and safety of the AC-DC hybrid grid integrated with renewable energy, where both stati

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9

Pokakul, Wilailuk, and Nipon Ketjoy. "Performance Analyzing of Stand-Alone PV Hybrid Mini-Grid System with PV at DC and AC Coupling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 839 (June 2016): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.839.23.

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Stand-alone PV system has been originally developed to feed solar energy produced by PV modules into the system by using solar charger controller at DC bus called “DC Coupling” for long time. In Late 1990 there is a new concept of feeding solar energy to the PV system at AC bus called “AC Coupling”. The AC coupling system uses grid connected inverter to convert energy produced by PV modules and synchronize output to AC distribution line. In mini grid system the common AC output of Bi-directional inverters or diesel generators performs as grid forming device to supply distribution line. Since 1

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10

Luo, Yi, Yin Zhang, Muyi Tang, et al. "A Novel Receiving End Grid Planning Method with Mutually Exclusive Constraints in Alternating Current/Direct Current Lines." Sustainability 13, no. 13 (2021): 7141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13137141.

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The large-scale application of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission technology introduces mutually exclusive constraints (MEC) into the power grid planning, which deepens the complexity of power grid planning. The MECs decrease the planning efficiency and effectiveness of the conventional method. This paper proposes a novel hybrid alternating current (AC)/direct current (DC) receiving end grid planning method with MECs in AC/DC lines. The constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) is utilized to model the MECs in candidate lines and then the detailed planning model, in which mutually exc

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Agbemuko, Adedotun J., José Luis Domínguez-García, Eduardo Prieto-Araujo, and Oriol Gomis-Bellmunt. "Interconnection of hybrid AC/DC grids of arbitrary strengths using supplementary bus-voltage feedforwards." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 147 (January 29, 2024): 108803. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2022.108803.

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This article proposes an intuitive methodology to analyse and mitigate system-level interactions in hybrid ac/dc networks interconnecting ac grids of arbitrary strengths, and especially weak grids. In particular, the challenge of interconnecting such grids is posed as an interaction problem in which the mechanism can be analysed explicitly through the unique ac/dc interaction functions. Then, it is demonstrated how these interaction functions can be manipulated to mitigate ac–ac, ac–dc, and dc–dc interactions simultaneously through a simple augmentation of the classic vector

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12

Hwang, Sungchul, Sungyoon Song, Gilsoo Jang, and Minhan Yoon. "An Operation Strategy of the Hybrid Multi-Terminal HVDC for Contingency." Energies 12, no. 11 (2019): 2042. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12112042.

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The application of the direct current (DC) transmission is increasing through the interconnection between grids or the renewable energy resource integration. Various types of DC transmission topology are researched, and the hybrid multi-terminal high voltage DC (HVDC), called the “MTDC”, is one of the research subjects. The hybrid multi-terminal HVDC is the MTDC system that is composed with the Line Commutated Converter (LCC) and Voltage Source Converter (VSC). Most hybrid MTDC research has been focused on the connection of the renewable energy generation sources, especially offshore wind farm

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13

Razzaq, Syed Abdul, and Vairavasamy Jayasankar. "Energy management system for AC/DC HMGS integrated with interconnected renewable sources and interlinking converter." International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) 12, no. 1 (2023): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijape.v12.i1.pp24-36.

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AC/DC hybrid micro grid system (HMGS) is designed with renewable energy sources (RES) and battery energy storage system (BESS) with unique control schemes, interfaced with multi terminal interlinking converters (ILCs). This ILC operates on droop control scheme to guarantee bidirectional power sharing to AC/DC sub grids. The power sources in AC/DC sub grids like PV, Fuel cell, BESS are controlled by advance control methods for maximum power extraction with power quality. A three-level control structure is designed for optimal energy management system (EMS). The first level confirms the power ba

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Syed, Abdul Razzaq, and Jayasankar Vairavasamy. "Energy management system for AC/DC HMGS integrated with interconnected renewable sources and interlinking converter." International Journal of Applied Power Engineering 12, no. 01 (2023): 24~36. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijape.v12.i1.pp24-36.

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AC/DC hybrid micro grid system (HMGS) is designed with renewable energy sources (RES) and battery energy storage system (BESS) with unique control schemes, interfaced with multi terminal interlinking converters (ILCs). This ILC operates on droop control scheme to guarantee bidirectional power sharing to AC/DC sub grids. The power sources in AC/DC sub grids like PV, Fuel cell, BESS are controlled by advance control methods for maximum power extraction with power quality. A three-level control structure is designed for optimal energy management system (EMS). The first level confirms the power ba

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15

Pan, Hao, Ming Ding, Rui Bi, and Lei Sun. "Research on Cooperative Planning of Distributed Generation Access to AC/DC Distribution (Micro) Grids Based on Analytical Target Cascading." Energies 12, no. 10 (2019): 1847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12101847.

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With the wide application of distributed generation (DG) and the rapid development of alternating current/direct current (AC/DC) hybrid microgrids, the optimal planning of distributed generation connecting to AC/DC distribution networks/microgrids has become an urgent problem to resolve. This paper presents a collaborative planning method for distributed generation access to AC/DC distribution (micro) grids. Based on the grid structure of the AC/DC distribution network, the typical interconnection structure of the AC/DC hybrid microgrid and AC/DC distribution network is designed. The optimal a

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16

Chaurase, Payal, and Pankaj Ramtekkar. "A new design of control & power management strategies of hybrid ac-dc microgrids toward high power quality." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2089, no. 1 (2021): 012036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2089/1/012036.

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Abstract The micro grid idea provides for the lack of several reversing switches to unitary AC-DC grid that enables connection and charges (loads) to the electrical systems with changeable regenerative AC and CC sources. Safe operation and gadget safety involve digital integration with utilities/grid through power converters. Enhanced client reliability, decreased input losses, local voltages are supported, and waste heat efficiency increased, voltage drop or interruptible supply of electricity can be customized to satisfy their unique customer demands. Work at present Analyses the performance

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Gao, Jing, Yuan Zhao, Yi Lu, and Guangda Xu. "Resonance Detection Method of AC-DC Hybrid Micro-grid Based on Wavelet Transform and Fast Fourier Transform." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2747, no. 1 (2024): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2747/1/012003.

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Abstract The grid connection of a mass of distributed power sources in the AC/DC hybrid micro-grid will cause harmonics, voltage sags, voltage fluctuations, and flicker in the grid, which seriously affects the power quality of the grid. Therefore, the power quality problems such as the resonance generated by the AC/DC hybrid micro-grid need to be studied urgently. In this paper, a resonance detection technology based on the combination of wavelet transform (WT) and fast Fourier transform (FFT) is proposed. This method uses wavelet transform to process the high-frequency and low-frequency parts

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A.Chandrasekhar*1, &. Kamaraju.Vechalapu2. "HYBRID FUZZY CONTROLLED BASED POWER GRID APPLICATIONS." GLOBAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND RESEARCHES 5, no. 6 (2018): 34–41. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1262341.

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The penetration of renewable energy in modern power system, Microgrid has become a popular application worldwide. In this concept bidirectional converters for AC and DC hybrid Microgrid application are proposed as an efficient interface. To reach the goal of bidirectional power conversion, both rectifier and inverter modes are analyzed. In order to achieve high performance operation and single-phase bi-directional inverter with dc-bus voltage regulation and power compensation in dc-Microgrid applications. This concept proposes a control design methodology for a multi functional single-phase bi

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19

Peng Wang, L. Goel, Xiong Liu, and Fook Hoong Choo. "Harmonizing AC and DC: A Hybrid AC/DC Future Grid Solution." IEEE Power and Energy Magazine 11, no. 3 (2013): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mpe.2013.2245587.

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Anu G Pillai. "Power Quality Improvement for Hybrid Microgrid Integrated with Renewable Energy Sources." Communications on Applied Nonlinear Analysis 32, no. 2s (2024): 22–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/cana.v32.2247.

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Given the present energy crisis and depletion of fossil fuel reserves, there is a pressing need to enhance the integration of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) into the power system. This research focuses on designing and managing a Hybrid Microgrid (HMG) in fluctuating RES. The Direct Current (DC) sub-grid comprises a Wind Turbine (WT), a solar Photovoltaic (PV) array equipped with a Perturb-and-Observation (P&O) Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) method, a boost conversion, and a Battery Energy Storage System (B-ESS) connected to DC demands. The Alternative Current (AC) sub-grid comprises

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21

Luo, Yi, Yin Zhang, Muyi Tang, et al. "A Planning Method of Hybrid AC/DC Receiving End Grid with Mutually Exclusive Constraints." E3S Web of Conferences 256 (2021): 01036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125601036.

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With the large-scale application of LCC-HVDC and VSC-HVDC in power systems, the mutually exclusive constraints (MES) appear in the optimal planning of hybrid AC/DC receiving end power grid. The MES increase the scale of the construction set of substations and the transmission lines and decrease the planning efficiency and effectiveness of the conventional method. This paper proposes a novel hybrid AC/DC receiving end grid planning method with MES. Constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) is utilized to model the set of mutually exclusive selected lines, in which mutually exclusive candidate lines

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22

Wang, Zonghao, and Liying Sun. "Design of voltage stabilizing control for a hybrid microgrid with state constraints based on the switching system." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2474, no. 1 (2023): 012067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2474/1/012067.

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Abstract With the application and development of new energy generation technology and distributed power supply system, AC-DC hybrid microgrid has the comprehensive advantages of AC microgrid and DC microgrid, and it is significant to study the voltage stability of hybrid microgrid. Based on the switching system theory, the voltage stability control of the ac-dc hybrid micro-grid in grid-connected and the off-grid operation mode are studied in this paper. Considering that the AC and DC bus voltages of the microgrid are constrained in practical engineering applications, the Backstepping controll

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Aljafari, Belqasem, Subramanian Vasantharaj, Vairavasundaram Indragandhi, and Rhanganath Vaibhav. "Optimization of DC, AC, and Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid-Based IoT Systems: A Review." Energies 15, no. 18 (2022): 6813. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15186813.

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Smart microgrids, as the foundations of the future smart grid, combine distinct Internet of Things (IoT) designs and technologies for applications that are designed to create, regulate, monitor, and protect the microgrid (MG), particularly as the IoT develops and evolves on a daily basis. A smart MG is a small grid that may operate individually or in tandem with the electric grid, and it is ideal for institutional, commercial, and industrial consumers, as well as urban and rural societies. A MG can operate in two methods (stand-alone and grid-connected), with the ability to transition between

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Kumar, Dr A. Sendil. "PV-Battery Based AC/DC Hybrid Multiport LLC converter for Power Routing System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 13, no. 4 (2025): 6471–75. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.69887.

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This paper presents a PV-Battery Based AC-DC Hybrid Multiport LLC Converter for efficient power routing in smart grids. It integrates a photovoltaic (PV) module, battery energy storage system (BESS), and a multiport LLC resonant converter for seamless power transfer between DC and AC loads. The system employs a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm to optimize PV output, while a bidirectional DC-DC converter manages battery charging and discharging. The LLC converter uses zero-voltage switching (ZVS) for reduced losses, and grid-synchronized bidirectional inverters handle power exchang

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Xu, Xiao, Xiao Chun Ma, Zhen Ning Zi, Bao Qiang Ben, Hua Li, and Si Ming Wei. "Research on Electric Power Control Technique for Stable Operation of DC Micro-Grid." Advanced Materials Research 986-987 (July 2014): 1129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.986-987.1129.

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Distributed generation (DG) into DC micro-grid can save a lot of converter equipments compared with AC micro-grid,.So,with the popularity of DG,DC micro-grid technology also has get great development.However,the key technology of DC micro-grid is not yet mature.This paper is based on shanghai DC micro-grid demonstration project of Sate Grid Smart Grid Research Institute.Firstly,we analysis the advantages and disadvantages of AC,DC and AC/DC hybrid micro-grid.Then, after comparison and analysis of DC micro-grid topology,we put forward system scheme and corresponding control strategy.The simulat

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Cai, Hui, Mingxin Yan, Song Gao, Ting Zhou, Guoteng Wang, and Ying Huang. "Coupling Characteristic Analysis and Coordinated Planning Strategies for AC/DC Hybrid Transmission Systems with Multi-Infeed HVDC." Electronics 14, no. 11 (2025): 2294. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14112294.

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With the increasing penetration of renewable energy, the scale of AC/DC hybrid transmission systems continues to grow, intensifying risks such as line overloads under N-1 contingencies, short-circuit current violations, and operational stability challenges arising from multi-DC coupling. This paper explores the complex coupling characteristics between AC/DC and multi-DC systems in hybrid configurations, proposing innovative evaluation indicators for coupling properties and a comprehensive assessment scheme for multi-DC coupling degrees. To enhance system stability, coordinated planning strateg

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Sang, Zi-xia, Reng-cun Fang, He Lei, Dong-jun Yang, Zhu Chen, and Jiong Yan. "Fault Characteristic Analysis of Single-Phase Grounding Fault in AC grid of Energy Router in Interacted and Interconnected Micro Grid." E3S Web of Conferences 233 (2021): 01046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123301046.

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The energy router composed of double active bridge (DAB) can interconnect multiple voltage level AC distribution network through DC lines to form AC/DC hybrid distribution network. The fault types of the system are diverse and the fault characteristics are complex. This paper studies the fault characteristics of the system in detail. The single-phase grounding fault of AC network side and single-phase grounding fault of AC valve side occurred in the system. This paper explored the impact of the AC side of the system after the above failure, and make a detailed comparative analysis. The results

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Peña-Carro, Paula, and Oscar Izquierdo-Monge. "Hybrid AC/DC architecture in the CE.D.E.R.-CIEMAT microgrid: demonstration of the TIGON project." Open Research Europe 2 (October 26, 2022): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.15154.1.

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This article presents the demonstrative development of the Towards Intelligent DC-based hybrid Grids Optimizing the Network performance (TIGON) project at the Centre for the Development of Renewable Energy - Centre for Energy, Environmental and Technological Research (CE.D.E.R.-CIEMAT), as well as the established objectives to be achieved with the implementation of a microgrid with smart grid architecture based on direct current (DC) and integrated into the current energy system. This type of architecture is proposed as a future solution to reduce energy losses caused by DC-alternating current

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Peña-Carro, Paula, and Oscar Izquierdo-Monge. "Hybrid AC/DC architecture in the CE.D.E.R.-CIEMAT microgrid: demonstration of the TIGON project." Open Research Europe 2 (January 9, 2024): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.15154.2.

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This article presents the demonstrative development of the Towards Intelligent DC-based hybrid Grids Optimizing the Network performance (TIGON) project at the Centre for the Development of Renewable Energy - Centre for Energy, Environmental and Technological Research (CE.D.E.R.-CIEMAT), as well as the established objectives to be achieved with the implementation of a microgrid with smart grid architecture based on direct current (DC) and integrated into the current energy system. This type of architecture is proposed as a future solution to reduce energy losses caused by DC-alternating current

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Dhumal, S. D., and Dr P. V. Paratwar. "Estimating the Stability of an AC-DC Hybrid Micro Grid with Multilayer Power Flow While Using Interconnected Converter." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 6 (2023): 1615–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.52662.

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Abstract: Regionalized networks, also known as micro grids, must be able to operate independently by cutting off their connection to the main grid in order for a system to stay stable. Customers' reliability can be raised by providing a more robust power supply. Due to reversed energy flow from distributed generator units, regional fluctuations, temporary micro grid modes, significant frequency discrepancies in electrically isolated mode operation, as well as financial and supply demand uncertainties, consistency, dependability, and security are in fact the main problems with micro grids. The

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Jiang, Runhui, and Weimin Wu. "A new AC/DC converter with three-bus output and controllable DC link short-circuit current." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2823, no. 1 (2024): 012047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2823/1/012047.

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Abstract In the AC/DC hybrid microgrid, single-phase AC/DC converters play a vital role in maintaining the energy balance of the AC grid and DC grid. The industry usually uses large electrolytic capacitors to absorb the secondary ripple power. However, it produces a larger short-circuit current. This paper proposes a three-bus output AC/DC converter that can limit the short-circuit current. The feasibility of steady-state operation and the ability of transient processes to limit short-circuit current was verified.

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Hong, Yuan Xin, and Guang Qing Bao. "Emergency Power Support and Voltage Stability Analysis of the AC/DC Hybrid Transmission System." Advanced Materials Research 614-615 (December 2012): 1033–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.614-615.1033.

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With the completion of Three Gorges Project, the power system in China is forming a huge AC/DC network. In the hybrid AC/DC parallel transmission system, a line fault will cause fluctuations even crash of the system. The HVDC transmission system based on the emergency DC power support (EDCPS) can provide a fast emergency power support for the interconnected AC power grid flexibly and improve the stability of AC power. A model of AC/DC hybrid transmission system is established in the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation environment. An improved PID controller is firstly introduced to the hybrid AC/DC transmi

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Mohammadi, Fazel, Gholam-Abbas Nazri, and Mehrdad Saif. "An Improved Mixed AC/DC Power Flow Algorithm in Hybrid AC/DC Grids with MT-HVDC Systems." Applied Sciences 10, no. 1 (2019): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10010297.

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One of the major challenges on large-scale Multi-Terminal High Voltage Direct Current (MT-HVDC) systems is the steady-state interaction of the hybrid AC/DC grids to achieve an accurate Power Flow (PF) solution. In PF control of MT-HVDC systems, different operational constraints, such as the voltage range, voltage operating region, Total Transfer Capability (TTC), transmission reliability margin, converter station power rating, etc. should be considered. Moreover, due to the nonlinear behavior of MT-HVDC systems, any changes (contingencies and/or faults) in the operating conditions lead to a si

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Taleb, Maamar, Mohamed Amine Fnaiech, and Khaled Zehar. "An Enhanced Hybrid Grid Connected Photovoltaic System Using Voltage Oriented Controller and Class D Chopper." Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 21, no. 1 (2023): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj21.225.

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The performance of a shunt interconnection made from a PV system, a three phase grid voltage supply, and a DC shunt motor (DC load) is investigated The PV system participates with maximum powers to the overall interconnection active power flow. It uses a class D chopper circuitry controlled properly by a typical maximum power point tracker (MPPT) controller. The grid has the role of supplying active power in case of any power deficiency needed by the DC motor load. Similarly, it has also the role of absorbing active power in case of any additional power generated by the PV system and not neede

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Zhang, Junli, Guoteng Wang, Zheng Xu, and Zheren Zhang. "A Comprehensive Evaluation Method and Strengthening Measures for AC/DC Hybrid Power Grids." Energies 15, no. 12 (2022): 4432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15124432.

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Due to the complex operation characteristics of AC/DC hybrid power grids, it is a great challenge to comprehensively evaluate their stability and formulate appropriate strengthening schemes for them. To address this challenge, the following studies are carried out in this paper. First, an evaluation system including six indicators is established for AC/DC hybrid power grids. Next, aiming at the problems that may be revealed by the comprehensive evaluation, strengthening measures that can be utilized are introduced. Then, a comprehensive evaluation method for AC/DC hybrid power grids and their

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Vinothkumar, J., and R. Thamizhselvan. "Efficient Power Management and Control Strategy of Hybrid Renewable Energy System in Microgrid." International Journal on Applied Physics and Engineering 2 (July 17, 2023): 106–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232030.2023.2.11.

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Currently, the use of renewable energy has gradually increased due to the environmental problems present nowadays. The intermittency of distributed renewable generation poses significant challenges for the operation and integration of microgrids. Unlike the main power grid, where load balancing resources, in general, are abundant, the balancing of generation and load in a microgrid must be done by small gas turbines, diesel generators, or energy storage devices with very limited capacity and at much higher costs. Consequently, the proposed methodology seeks a model for minimizing the Energy Co

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Zhou, Bowen, Hongming Yang, Chen Lv, Quan Ma, and Yong Cui. "Multi-Dimensional Gray Relational Comprehensive Evaluation of an AC/DC Hybrid Grid Operation Mode Based on the DEMATEL-CRITIC Method." Sustainability 17, no. 7 (2025): 3037. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17073037.

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To evaluate the operation modes of AC/DC hybrid power grids, a comprehensive evaluation index system is established based on the principles of index system construction, with a focus on mode development personnel in practical engineering. This system includes four aspects: static security, transient stability, DC security, and economic performance of the operation mode, with detailed explanations of the statistical or computational methods for each index. This index system can objectively and comprehensively reflect the rationality of the operation mode. Then, the Decision-making Trial and Eva

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Razzaq, Syed Abdul, and Vairavasamy Jayasankar. "Autonomous power sharing for AC/DC HMGS using decentralized modified droop method for interlinking converter." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 13, no. 4 (2022): 2139. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v13.i4.pp2139-2147.

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<p>The present trend of integrating renewable energy sources (RES) in AC/DC hybrid micro grid systems (HMGS) has certainly reduced the greenhouse gases and provides the variety of power sources for micro grid (MG). Interlinking converter (ILC) is the main converter for interconnecting AC/DC sub-grids with a variety of features like autonomous bidirectional power sharing, reducing the power conversions in the grid and additionally a featuring aspect for energy management system (EMS). Interlinking converters are desired to maintain stable frequency, constant voltages at buses, reduce the

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Syed, Abdul Razzaq, and Jayasankar Vairavasamy. "Autonomous power sharing for AC/DC HMGS using decentralized modified droop method for interlinking converter." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems 13, no. 4 (2022): 2139~2147. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v13.i4.pp2139-2147.

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The present trend of integrating renewable energy sources (RES) in AC/DC hybrid micro grid systems (HMGS) has certainly reduced the greenhouse gases and provides the variety of power sources for micro grid (MG). Interlinking converter (ILC) is the main converter for interconnecting AC/DC sub-grids with a variety of features like autonomous bidirectional power sharing, reducing the power conversions in the grid and additionally a featuring aspect for energy management system (EMS). Interlinking converters are desired to maintain stable frequency, constant voltages at buses, reduce the power los

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Nelly, Safitri, M. Shiddiq Yunus A., Fauzi, and Naziruddin. "Integrated arrangement of advanced power electronics through hybrid smart grid system." TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control 18, no. 6 (2020): 3202~3209. https://doi.org/10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i6.13433.

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As an enabler component for renewable energy integration, power electronics (PE) technology in smart grid system is one of the most important issues of development the electrification, decentralization and information-technology/operation-technology (IT/OT) digitization within the electrical energy transmission and distribution systems. The arrangement of PE may different along the feeder either for grid-connected photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine, fuel cells, wave energy system and battery storage unit, respectively. This is due to the electric voltage that might need to be converted from alter

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Estabragh, Mohsen Rezaie, Ali Dastfan, and Morteza Rahimiyan. "Grid-Tied Hybrid AC-DC Microgrid: Finding Optimal Number of Parallel-Connected AC-DC Bidirectional Interfacing Converters." International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 2022 (June 2, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1932818.

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Linking AC and DC microgrids via a bidirectional AC-DC interfacing converter has emerged the hybrid AC-DC microgrid. The DC bus is connected to the grid by a series converter to mitigate the grid voltage’s power quality problems. To enhance the reliability and to increase transferring active and nonactive powers between DC and AC main buses, the AC-DC bidirectional interfacing converters are connected in parallel. In this paper, the optimal number (n) of parallel-connected bidirectional interfacing converters is obtained to minimize the annual cost of investment and the reliability cost. A two

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Rao, T. Jagan Mohana. "DESIGNING OF DC GRID SOLAR-WIND HYBRID POWER GENERATION SYSTEM." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 04 (2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem30345.

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Our project's main goal is to create a prototype hybrid renewable energy system that mixes solar and wind power. The system's goal is to directly feed energy from the turbine and solar panels into the DC grid. An inverter is also integrated to provide AC power. Our strategy emphasizes efficiency and simplicity by acquiring both AC and DC electricity from the project. Utilizing the complementing qualities of solar and wind energy, we want to develop a dependable and sustainable power generation system. We hope to show that combining renewable energy sources and maximizing energy output for both

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Jayaram, Jayachandran, Malathi Srinivasan, Natarajan Prabaharan, and Tomonobu Senjyu. "Design of Decentralized Hybrid Microgrid Integrating Multiple Renewable Energy Sources with Power Quality Improvement." Sustainability 14, no. 13 (2022): 7777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14137777.

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Due to the energy crisis and exhaustion in the amount of fossil fuels left, there is an urge to increase the penetration of renewables in the grid. This paper deals with the design and control of a hybrid microgrid (HMG) in the presence of variable renewable energy sources. The DC sub-grid consists of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) wind turbine, solar PV array with a perturb-and-observe (P&O) MPPT algorithm, boost converter, and battery energy storage system (BESS) with DC loads. The AC sub-grid consists of a PMSG wind turbine and a fuel cell with an inverter circuit synch

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Liu, Bei, Xu Shen, Ruosong Zhang, Haofei Chen, and Xiaohang Zhou. "Joint Planning Method of Virtual Power Plant for Distributed Generation and Grid in AC-DC Medium and Low Voltage Distribution Network." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2537, no. 1 (2023): 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2537/1/012021.

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Abstract The high proportion of virtual power plants (VPPs) used for distributed generation may cause problems such as power fluctuations and voltage distribution. In contrast, AC/DC hybrid power grid has strong transmission capacity due to its power information transmission. However, Its power grid structure and the location and capacity of VPP have an impact on the consumption capacity of the system, and the relationship between them are closely coupled. In addition, Under different operation modes, power grids of different voltage levels also have great differences. Therefore, the cooperati

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Lv, Zhaorui, and Ying Yang. "Design and analysis of relay protection system for AC DC hybrid system." E3S Web of Conferences 360 (2022): 01087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202236001087.

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With the national new energy policy, AC DC integrated distribution network is more and more common, in the AC DC hybrid grid, the interaction between AC and DC side will lead to complicated fault characteristics, which further affect the relay protection system strategy, with typical system as the object of the AC DC relay protection strategy, fault characteristics aimed at different short dot simulation study are done, and verify the correctness and feasibility of the system configuration.

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Monteiro, Vitor, and Joao L. Afonso. "The Future of Electrical Power Grids: A Direction Rooted in Power Electronics." Energies 16, no. 13 (2023): 4929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16134929.

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Electrical power grids are changing with a focus on ensuring energy sustainability and enhanced power quality for all sectors. Over the last few decades, there has been a change from a centralized to a decentralized paradigm, which is the consequence of a large-scale incorporation of new electrical technologies and resultant equipment. Considering the foreseeable continuation of changes in electrical power grids, a direction rooted in power electronics with a focus on hybrid AC/DC grids, including the support of solid-state transformers and unified systems, is presented in this paper. Convergi

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Kuang, Cuizhe, Meng Xiao, Zexing Chen, et al. "Fixed-frequency Current Control Method of Islanding Micro-grid Based on Improved Neural Network." International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 29, no. 07n08 (2020): 2040017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213020400175.

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In the islanding micro-grid operation mode, due to the lack of support from the large power grid, the voltage of the bus and each node in the network is completely supported by the cooperation of the micro-grid inverters in the grid. Therefore, the control performance of the micro-grid inverter determines the quality of the power supply voltage. This paper proposes an improved AC and DC islanding micro-grid fixed frequency current control method with variable topology. First, the neural network algorithm improved by particle swarm optimization is used as the basis to optimize the coordinated c

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Chen, Ye, Qiongqian Yang, Zhenting Li, Mengmeng Liu, Jianfeng Zhang, and Yang Pan. "Risk Assessment for Alternating Current / Direct Current (AC/DC) Hybrid Systems with Renewables Penetration." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2109, no. 1 (2021): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2109/1/012002.

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Abstract In this paper, a risk assessment method is proposed for AC/DC hybrid systems with renewables penetration, considering the effect of renewables penetration and the application of DC transmission. The sequential Monte Carlo method is introduced to simulate the output of renewables generators, and the unified iterative method is used to solve the problem of AC/DC hybrid system power flow calculation. By establishing the quantized risk assessment indices, the risk of AC/DC hybrid systems with renewables penetration can be analysed. The results of EPRI of China 6-machine-22-bus Test case s

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Ajbale, Shubham. "Study the Simulation of Hybrid Solar Wind Charging Station." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (2021): 5275–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36193.

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Electric vehicles play a vital role in energy saving and emission reduction of harmful greenhouse gases. electrical vehicles dispersion into the vehicles market has not been up to the mark because of less value effective and these vehicles have to be compelled to be compelled to recharge once in sixty five to seventy klick drive. The novel hybrid vehicle charging station carries with it fully totally different sources like PV systems, wind systems, the AC provide, batteries area unit used as a main energy storage system, kind DC little grid permanently energy delivery. Thus, grid offers decent

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Jiang, Ke, Feng Wu, Linjun Shi, and Keman Lin. "Distributed Hierarchical Consensus-Based Economic Dispatch for Isolated AC/DC Hybrid Microgrid." Energies 13, no. 12 (2020): 3209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13123209.

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In this paper, a distributed hierarchical consensus algorithm is proposed to solve the economic dispatch (ED) problem for the isolated AC/DC hybrid microgrid. At first, the whole nodes of the AC/DC hybrid microgrid are divided into two parts, that is, the leadership layer nodes and the tracking layer nodes. The leadership layer nodes update the data through their own feedback elements, while the tracking layer nodes receive the information from the leadership layer nodes and update the data. After several iterations, the two different layer nodes obtain the same state, which realizes the dynam

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