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Journal articles on the topic 'Hybrid composite'
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1
Monte Vidal, Dielly Cavalcanti da Silva, Heitor L. Ornaghi, Felipe Gustavo Ornaghi, Francisco Maciel Monticeli, Herman Jacobus Cornelis Voorwald, and Maria Odila Hilário Cioffi. "Effect of different stacking sequences on hybrid carbon/glass/epoxy composites laminate: Thermal, dynamic mechanical and long-term behavior." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 6 (August 6, 2019): 731–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319868512.
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In the present study, different stacking sequences on hybrid carbon/glass/epoxy composites laminate were examined in relation to thermal, dynamic mechanical and long-term behavior. A positive hybrid effect was found for both hybrid composites (interleaved-Hybrid 1 and in block-Hybrid 2) showing that in some cases hybrid composites can properly replace carbon or glass composites. The composite containing all glass fiber in the middle (Hybrid 2) presented similar thermal behavior when compared to glass fiber composite. All hybrid composites presented higher storage modulus when compared to glass composite. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that both hybrids can satisfactorily perform the requirement in a wide temperature range. The long-term prediction was successfully applied for all composites, showing to be highly temperature-dependent. Hence, depending on the application requirement, both hybrids can be used, saving weight and cost.
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Nguyen, Anh Vu, Karine Charlet, Belhassen Chedli Bouzgarrou, Ky Nam Pham, Trong Dai Vu, and Alexis Béakou. "Hybrid Effect on Hybrid Composite Reinforced Carbon Fibers and Flax Fibers." Key Engineering Materials 801 (May 2019): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.801.101.
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In this paper, hybrid composite made of carbon woven fibers and flax woven fibers is studied. This hybrid composite structure takes advantages of high resistance, high stiffness of carbon fibers and high damping and low density of flax fibers. Different structures of flax woven composites, carbon woven composites and hybrid composites were fabricated and tested experimentally. With aim of predicting the properties of the hybrid composite, a homogenization model of the composite is established. The homogenization model is based on the rule-of-mixture and iso-strain assumption. The results of the analytical homogenization model (AHM) are then compared with the results of experimental tests. The results show a good agreement between the AHM and the experimental results at the homogenization level of the woven composite. However, at the hybrid composite homogenization level, the experimental results present considerably higher stiffness than analytical results that is explained by hybrid effect on the hybrid composite.
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Saleh, Siti Shuhadah Md, Mohd Firdaus Omar, Hazizan Md Akil, Muhammad Helmi Abdul Kudus, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah, Andrei Victor Sandu, Petrica Vizureanu, et al. "Preparation of Carbon Nanotubes/Alumina Hybrid-Filled Phenolic Composite with Enhanced Wear Resistance." Materials 16, no. 7 (March 30, 2023): 2772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16072772.
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Hybrid fillers can be produced via various methods, such as physical mixing and chemical modification. However, there is a limited number of studies on the effect of hybridisation on the mechanical performance of hybrid filler-reinforced polymer composites, especially in the context of wear performance. This study investigated the wear resistance of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/alumina hybrid-filled phenolic composite, where two hybrid methods were used to produce the CNTs/alumina hybrid filler. The CNTs/alumina (CVD hybrid) was synthesised using the chemical vapour deposition (CVD) method, whereas the CNTs-/alumina (physically hybrid) was prepared using the ball milling method. The CNTs/alumina hybrid filler was then used as a filler in the phenolic composites. The composites were prepared using a hot mounting press and then subjected to a dry sliding wear test using a pin-on-disc (POD) tester. The results show that the composite filled with the CVD hybrid filler (HYB composite) had better wear resistance than the composite filled with physically hybrid filler (PHY composite) and pure phenolic. At 5 wt%, the HYB composite showed a 74.68% reduction in wear, while the PHY composite showed a 56.44% reduction in wear compared to pure phenolic. The HYB composite exhibited the lowest average coefficient of friction (COF) compared to the PHY composite and pure phenolic. The average COF decreased with increasing sliding speeds and applied loads. The phenolic composites’ wear and average COF are in the order HYB composite < PHY composite < pure phenolic under all sliding speeds and applied loads.
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Heckadka, Srinivas Shenoy, Suhas Yeshwant Nayak, and Navaneeth Krishna Vernekar. "Fabrication and Testing of Glass/Banana Hybridized Epoxy Mono Composite Leaf Spring under Static Loading." Key Engineering Materials 777 (August 2018): 432–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.777.432.
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This study makes use of E glass fiber and Banana fiber woven mats for the development of the hybrid composite mono leaf spring. Six composite laminates for selecting the optimum stack sequence were fabricated, four hybrids and two standalone using epoxy as matrix. From the flexural tests, two hybrid combinations were selected for fabricating the mono leaf spring. Among the hybrid composites, the one with three layers of glass fabric on the outside displayed maximum bending strength of 99.6 MPa. Composite mono leaf spring with three layers of glass fabric on the outside exhibited lower deflection when compared to conventional leaf spring. Results indicate that mono composite leaf spring has the potential to be used as an alternative to conventional leaf spring with continual research.
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Alzraikat, H., MF Burrow, GA Maghaireh, and NA Taha. "Nanofilled Resin Composite Properties and Clinical Performance: A Review." Operative Dentistry 43, no. 4 (July 1, 2018): E173—E190. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/17-208-t.
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SUMMARY The aim of this review was to compile recent evidence related to nanofilled resin composite materials regarding the properties and clinical performance. Special attention was given to mechanical properties, such as strength, hardness, abrasive wear, water sorption, and solubility. The clinical performance of nanocomposite materials compared with hybrid resin composites was also addressed in terms of retention and success rates, marginal adaptation, color match, and surface roughness. A search of English peer-reviewed dental literature (2003-2017) from PubMed and MEDLINE databases was conducted using the terms “nanocomposites” or “nanofilled resin composite” and “clinical evaluation.” The list was screened, and 82 papers that were relevant to the objectives of this work were included in the review. Mechanical properties of nanocomposites are generally comparable to those of hybrid composites but higher than microfilled composites. Nanocomposites presented lower abrasive wear than hybrids but higher sorption values. Their clinical performance was comparable to that of hybrid composites.
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AYYANAR, Athijayamani, Ramkumar GP, Alavudeen AZIZ BATCHA, and Thiruchitrambalam MANI. "Study of Mechanical Properties of Alkali Treated SZF/SF/VE Hybrid Composites under Wet Condition." Materials Science 27, no. 2 (May 5, 2021): 224–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j02.ms.25410.
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Mechanical properties of vinyl ester hybrid composites reinforced with alkali treated Smilax zeylanica and sisal fibers were studied at wet condition in the present communication. Hybrid composites were fabricated by using a simple hand lay up technique based on three different fiber loading of 25, 35, and 45 wt.% with alkali treated fibers. Hybrid composite specimens were then subjected to the water absorption test to observe the behaviours of composite specimens at wet condition under mechanical loads such as tensile, flexural and impact. Water absorption test was carried out in two ways at distilled water environment at room temperature. First way test was conducted for 10 days to observe the percentage of water particle absorption of hybrid composites. Second way test was performed for 5 days to determine the mechanical properties of hybrid composites at wet condition to observe its durability when they are used in outdoor applications. Mechanical properties of hybrid composite specimens at wet conditions were compared with the dry composite specimens. Experimental results showed that the percentage of the water particle absorption in the alkali treated hybrid fiber composites is lower as compared to the untreated hybrid fiber composites. Mechanical properties of alkali treated hybrid fiber composites at wet condition are slightly reduced as compared to the treated hybrid fiber composite at dry condition. As a result, it is observed that the resistance for the penetration of the water particles is higher for the alkali treated smilax zeylanica and sisal fibers reinforced vinyl ester hybrid composites. The fracture surfaces of the hybrid composite specimens were examined by scanning electron microscope to understand the effects of water absorption on the mechanical properties.
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Ashraf, W., M. R. Ishak, M. Y. M. Zuhri, N. Yidris, and A. M. Ya’acob. "Experimental Investigation on the Mechanical Properties of a Sandwich Structure Made of Flax/Glass Hybrid Composite Facesheet and Honeycomb Core." International Journal of Polymer Science 2021 (March 10, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8855952.
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This research is aimed at developing the sandwich structure with a hybrid composite facesheet and investigate its mechanical properties (tensile, edgewise compression, and flexural). The combination of renewable and synthetic materials appears to reduce the weight, cost, and environmental impact compared to pure synthetic materials. The hybrid composite facesheets were fabricated with different ratios and stacking sequence of flax and glass fibers. The nonhybrid flax and glass composite facesheet sandwich structures were fabricated for comparison. The overall mechanical performance of the sandwich structures was improved by increasing the glass fiber ratio in the hybrid composites. The experimental tensile properties of the hybrid facesheet and the edgewise compression strength and ultimate flexural facing stress of the hybrid composites sandwich structures were achieved higher when the results were normalized to the same fiber volume fraction of glass composite. The hybrid composite sandwich structure showed improved compression and flexural facing stress up to 68% and 75%, respectively, compared to nonhybrid flax composites. The hybrid composite using glass in the outer layer achieved the similar flexural stiffness of the nonhybrid glass composite with only a 6% higher thickness than the glass composite sandwich structure.
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Arun, M., K. Ragupathy, T. Anand, and S. Vishvanathperumal. "Fabrication and Characterization of a Stir Casting-Based Aluminium Hybrid MMC Reinforced with SiC, TiC, and MoS2." MATEC Web of Conferences 393 (2024): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202439301007.
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The need for strong, lightweight materials has prompted the creation of innovative metal matrix composites based on aluminum. The properties of metal matrix composites that are uniformly dispersed with nanoparticles are much superior to those of monolithic alloy and microparticle-reinforced composites. The objective of this work was to create and evaluate a metal matrix composite reinforced with MoS2, SiC, and TiC that is a hybrid aluminum alloy, Al6061. It was also investigated how the weight percentages (3, 6, 9, and 12%) of MoS2, SiC, and TiC reinforcement affected the mechanical, morphological, tribological, and physical characteristics of the metal matrix composite. The addition of SiC and MoS2 increased the density of the reinforced Al6061 composite when compared to as-cast non-reinforced Al6061. It was found that the hybrid composite Al6061/12% SiC/4% MoS2 had the maximum density. The hybrid metal matrix composite's toughness increased as the proportion of TiC weight increased. The composite made of Al6061, 12% TiC, and 4% MoS2 had the maximum hardness, measuring 114.03 HV. The composite Al6061/12% TiC/4% MoS2 has the most ultimate tensile strength. The tribology analysis revealed that when applied stress increased from 10 to 50 N, mass loss increased dramatically. Because of the solid MoS2 lubricant and the development of the TiC layer at the contact zone, Double- and triple-reinforced specimens had less wear loss than non-reinforced specimens, as shown by the wear performance of hybrid composites. The main wear mechanisms of the composites were delamination wear and wear debris.
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Zhang, Chun Hua, Jin Bao Zhang, Mu Chao Qu, and Jian Nan Zhang. "Toughness Properties of Basalt/Carbon Fiber Hybrid Composites." Advanced Materials Research 150-151 (October 2010): 732–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.150-151.732.
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Basalt fiber and carbon fiber hybrid with alternate stacking sequences reinforced epoxy composites have been developed to improve the toughness properties of conventional carbon fiber reinforced composite materials. For comparison, plain carbon fiber laminate composite and plain basalt fiber laminate composite have also been fabricated. The toughness properties of each laminate have been studied by an open hole compression test. The experimental results confirm that hybrid composites containing basalt fibers display 46% higher open hole compression strength than that of plain carbon fiber composites. It is indicated that the hybrid composite laminates are less sensitive to open hole compared with plain carbon fiber composite laminate and high toughness properties can be prepared by fibers' hybrid.
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Islak, Serkan. "Mechanical and corrosion properties of AlCu matrix hybrid composite materials." Science of Sintering 51, no. 1 (2019): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sos1901081i.
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In this study, AlCu matrix hybride composites with various ratios of boron carbide (B4C), hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), and graphite (Gr) were produced by using hot-pressing method. The microstructure, density, mechanical and corrosion properties of these composites were investigated. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction were used to characterize the microstructures, and the experimental densities of the composites were measured using a helium pycnometer. The mechanical properties including the hardness and transverse rupture strength were investigated using hardness and three-point bending tests, respectively. In addition, the hybrid composites were immersed in an aqueous solution of 3.5 wt.-percent NaCl at pH 3 for potentiodynamic and corrosion rate measurements. These tests revealed that a microstructure in which reinforcing particles are almost homogeneously dispersed in the matrix was obtained. Density measurements have shown that very dense and compact hybrid AMCs are produced. The hardness and transverse rupture strength of the composites were significantly increased by particulate addition to the matrix. Depending on the type and amount of reinforcement material, differences in the corrosion resistance of the hybrid composites have been determined. The results show that AlCu-8B4C-2Gr hybrid composite material has the highest corrosion resistance among the composite materials.
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Noor Zuhaira, Abd Aziz, and Mohamed Rahmah. "Effects of Calcium Carbonate on Melt Flow and Mechanical Properties of Rice Husk/HDPE and Kenaf/HDPE Hybrid Composites." Advanced Materials Research 795 (September 2013): 286–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.795.286.
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In this research, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) was compounded with rice husk/high density polyethylene (HDPE) and kenaf/HDPE composite at different filler loadings to produce hybrid composites. Melt flow index (MFI) and mechanical properties of hybrid composite was investigated. From the test results, the addition of CaCO3 filler had decreased melt flow index (MFI) on both composites. In terms of mechanical properties, tensile strength, elongation at break and impact strength decreased, whereas Youngs Modulus increased with the increase of CaCO3 in both kenaf/HDPE and rice husk/HDPE composites. Impact strength of unfilled rice husk/HDPE composite was lower than unfilled kenaf/HDPE composite, however impact strength of CaCO3/rice husk/HDPE hybrid composite were found to have slightly higher than CaCO3/kenaf/HDPE hybrid composite with addition of 10% and 20% of CaCO3.
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Anbusagar, N. R. R., K. Palanikumar, R. Mohanarangan, and P. Sengottuvel. "Flexural and Impact Properties of 2D and 3D Jute/GF/Epoxy Hybrid Composite Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 766-767 (June 2015): 178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.766-767.178.
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In order characterize the outstanding performance of the three dimensional (3D) hybrid composites, the charpy and flexural test has been carried out. 3D fiber structures have been achieved by using hand lay-up process and machine stitching method. Materials for hand lay-up and machine stitching process were glass fiber, jute fiber, and epoxy resin and nylon fiber respectively. Two dimensional (2D) glass fiber composite and 2D hybrid composite with the same stacking sequence as three dimensional (3D) counterparts have also been fabricated for the comparison of impact and flexural strength. The impact strength of 3D hybrid composite was increased (5-10%) compared with that 2D glass fiber and 2D hybrid composites. The flexural strength and modulus of 3D hybrid composite were increased (5-10%) compared with that of 2D hybrid composites.
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Abdelal, Nisrin R., and Steven L. Donaldson. "Interlaminar fracture toughness and electromagnetic interference shielding of hybrid-stitched carbon fiber composites." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 37, no. 18 (July 18, 2018): 1131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684418787642.
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In the current study, the production of multifunctional hybrid-stitched composites with improved interlaminar fracture toughness and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness is reported. Unidirectional carbon fiber-epoxy composite laminates stitched with Kevlar, nylon, hybrid stitched with both Kevlar and nylon and unstitched were prepared using resin infusion process. Representative specimens from unstitched and stitched composites were tested using rectangular waveguide and Mode I double cantilever beam tests. The Mode I experimental results showed that composite stitched with Kevlar exhibited the highest crack initiation interlaminar fracture toughness (GIC-initiation), whereas composite stitched with nylon exhibited the highest maximum crack propagation interlaminar fracture toughness (GIC-maximum). The four-hybrid stitching patterns exhibited higher GIC-initiation than the unstitched and stitched with nylon composites and lower than stitched with Kevlar composite, whereas they had higher GIC-maximum than the unstitched and stitched with Kevlar composites, although lower than stitched with nylon composite. The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness experimental results showed that stitched composites exhibited improved shielding effectiveness compared to unstitched composites. For example, composite stitched with nylon had highest shielding effectiveness value of 52.17 dB compared by the composite stitched with Kevlar which had 40.6 dB. The four hybrid-stitched composites exhibited similar shielding effectiveness with an average value of 32.75 dB compared to the unstitched composite shielding effectiveness of 22.84 dB. The experimental results comply with the initial goal of this study to manufacture multifunctional hybrid stitching composites with combined properties between Kevlar and nylon-stitched composites.
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Okafor, Patricia, and Jude Iroh. "Electrochemical Properties of Porous Graphene/Polyimide-Nickel Oxide Hybrid Composite Electrode Material." Energies 14, no. 3 (January 23, 2021): 582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14030582.
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Polyimide-graphene nanosheet composite electrodes are rigid and dense and, therefore, exhibit moderate electrochemical properties. The electrochemical properties of polyimide-graphene nanosheet electrodes were remarkably improved by creating voids in the composite followed by the insertion of nickel oxide into the composites. Nickel oxide particles were electrodeposited onto the porous graphene/poly(amic acid) composite, containing poly (acrylic resin). The hybrid composite was then subjected to thermal treatment at ≥ 300 °C to simultaneously complete imidization and degrade the poly (acrylic resin). Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to study the eletrochemical properties of the composite electrode material. It is shown that remarkable improvement in the electrochemical behavior of the hybrid composite occurred due to the removal of poly(acrylic acid) and the insertion of NiO particles into the polyimide matrix. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of the hybrid composites show distinct characteristic peaks for polyimide and NiO in the hybrid composite electrode. Scanning Electron Microscopy, SEM images of the composites, show the presence of NiO aggregates in the composite material. Compared to neat graphene/polyimide composite electrode (GR/PI) composites, the specific capacitance of the hybrid composite electrode increased remarkably by over 250% due to the high interfacial surface area provided by NiO and the concomitant improvement in the electrode–electrolyte interaction.
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Nassef, Belal G., Mohamed A. Daha, and Mohamed G. Nassef. "Hybrid Reinforced Aluminium Composites Using Reduced Graphene Oxide Fabricated via Powder Metallurgy Technique." Materials Science Forum 1059 (April 25, 2022): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-ydo661.
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Recently, carbonaceous materials, such as graphene, have proven to be promising additives that show considerable improvements in mechanical and tribological properties of aluminium-based composites. In this present investigation, novel aluminium based hybrid composite specimens of various RGO and Al2O3 contents are prepared using powder metallurgy technique. The composite specimens have been tested in wear and microhardness. The results show that the hybrid composite containing 0.3 wt.% RGO-5 wt.% Al2O3 experiences the highest wear resistance with a hardness of about 76 HV among the tested composite specimens. The improvement in properties in the optimized hybrid composite was found to be much higher when compared to hybrid Aluminium Composites in literature fabricated using other techniques.
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Aisyah, H. A., M. T. Paridah, S. M. Sapuan, A. Khalina, O. B. Berkalp, S. H. Lee, C. H. Lee, et al. "Thermal Properties of Woven Kenaf/Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Epoxy Hybrid Composite Panels." International Journal of Polymer Science 2019 (December 11, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5258621.
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The effects of carbon fibre hybridisation on the thermal properties of woven kenaf-reinforced epoxy composites were studied. Woven kenaf hybrid composites of different weave designs of plain and satin and fabric counts of 5×5 and 6×6 were manually prepared by a vacuum infusion technique. A composite made from 100% carbon fibre was served for a comparison purpose. Thermal properties of pure carbon fibre and hybrid composites were determined by using a thermogravimetric analyser (TGA) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). It was found that a hybrid composite with higher kenaf fibre content (fabric count 6×6) showed better thermal stability while the highest thermal stability was found in the pure carbon fibre composite. The TG and DTG results showed that the amount of residue decreased in the plain-designed hybrid composite compared to the satin-designed hybrid composite. The DSC data revealed that the presence of woven kenaf increased the decomposition temperature.
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Ikbal, Muhammad, Muhammad Rizal, Nurdin Ali, and Teuku Edisah Putra. "Effect of Hybridization of Ramie Fibers on the Vibrational and Damping Responses of Ramie/Glass/Epoxy Resin Composite Laminates." Key Engineering Materials 951 (August 7, 2023): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-vhk2we.
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Fiber reinforced polymer composites made with glass fibers are among the oldest and most popular kinds of composites in use today. Glass fiber reinforced composites' key benefits are their adaptability for specific material applications, which allows them to give a number of design advantages relating to strength, chemical stability, impact damage tolerance, heat insulation, and low cost. The focus of this research is to investigate the role of hybridized ramie fibers in the assessment of enhanced vibrational damping capabilities in fiber glass reinforced composites, as well as in the initial assessment to verify their acceptability for real-time applications. Composite molding employing the hand layup technique was used to fabricate hybrid epoxy composites with ramie to glass fiber weight ratios from 0 to 50%. A free vibration test was performed to determine the hybrid composite's vibration dampening capabilities as a function of the ramie fiber filler content. The results demonstrated that the damping ratio was reduced when the percentage of ramie fiber in the GFRP composite was raised from 10% weight to about 50% weight. But adding up to 40% wt of ramie fiber to the hybrid composite had the biggest effect on the damping ratio, natural frequency, storage modulus, and loss modulus. This means that using ramie fiber in hybrid composites will be cost-effective and good for the environment.
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Bin Salim, Mohamad Yusuf, Ali Farokhi Nejad, Mohd Yazid Yahya, Tobias Dickhut, and Seyed Saeid Rahimian Koloor. "Mechanical Characterization of Hybrid Steel Wire Mesh/Basalt/Epoxy Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Laminates." Journal of Composites Science 8, no. 5 (May 15, 2024): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs8050184.
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Hybrid composite materials have been widely used to advance the mechanical responses of fiber-reinforced composites by utilizing different types of fibers and fillers in a single polymeric matrix. This study incorporated three types of fibers: basalt woven fiber and steel (AISI304) wire meshes with densities of 100 and 200. These fibers were mixed with epoxy resin to generate plain composite laminates. Three fundamental mechanical tests (tensile, compression, and shear) were conducted according to the corresponding ASTM standards to characterize the steel wire mesh/basalt/epoxy FRP composites used as plain composite laminates. To investigate the flexural behavior of the hybrid laminates, various layer configurations and thickness ratios were examined using a design of experiments (DoE) matrix. Hybrid samples were chosen for flexural testing, and the same procedure was employed to develop a finite element (FE) model. Material properties from the initial mechanical testing procedure were integrated into plain and hybrid composite laminate simulations. The second FE model simulated the behavior of hybrid laminates under flexural loading; this was validated through experimental data. The results underwent statistical analysis, highlighting the optimal configuration of hybrid composite laminates in terms of flexural strength and modulus; we found an increase of up to 25% in comparison with the plain composites. This research provides insights into the potential improvements offered by hybrid composite laminates, generating numerical models for predicting various laminate configurations produced using hybrid steel wire mesh/basalt/epoxy FRP composites.
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SIDDIQUE, SHERAZ HUSSAIN, MUHAMMAD OWAIS RAZA SIDDIQUI, MUHAMMAD ALI, and DANMEI SUN. "Hybrid composites based on textile hard waste: use as sunshades." Industria Textila 73, no. 06 (December 20, 2022): 680–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.073.06.202158.
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Hybrid composites have gained exceptional interest from researchers and industry sectors in the last couple of decades with an aim to improve existing and/or develop new composites to cater for a wide variety of applications. In this research, hybrid composites utilizing glass fibre combined with textile hard waste were fabricated. A control sample and 7 hybrid composite samples including glass-polyester hard waste, glass-mercerized cotton hard waste and glass-cotton hard waste were developed as part of this study. Density, tensile strength and thermal conductivity of all developed samples and that of a commercial composite (purchased from the market) were measured. The results revealed that the control sample developed at the lab scale showed similar or higher values of density, tensile properties and thermal conductivity. Hybrid composites based on unmercerized and mercerized cotton showed very low tensile properties and similar conductivity, so they are not suitable for sunshade application. On the other hand, a composite made from polyester provided with highest tensile properties amongst all the hybrid composites but was still quite lower than a commercial sample. Polyester hybrid composite has enhanced thermal insulation properties suggesting that it has the potential to replace the existing composite, but a compromise needs to be made between the physical and thermal properties of the sunshade.
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Bandaru, Aswani Kumar, Shivdayal Patel, Suhail Ahmad, and Naresh Bhatnagar. "An experimental and numerical investigation on the low velocity impact response of thermoplastic hybrid composites." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 7 (June 19, 2017): 877–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998317714043.
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This paper presented an experimental and numerical investigation on the low velocity impact response of thermoplastic hybrid composites reinforced with Kevlar/basalt fabrics. Two hybrid and one Kevlar homogeneous composite laminates were manufactured with polypropylene as a resin. In the hybrid composites, one hybrid composite (H-1) was manufactured with alternate stacking of four layers of basalt and four layers of Kevlar and the second hybrid composite (H-2) was manufactured with four Kevlar layers on front face and four basalt layers on back face. Low velocity impact tests were performed using a drop-weight impact equipment at three different energies (25 J, 50 J and 75 J). Among the two hybrid composites H-1 hybrid composite exhibited 15.58–20.79% and 13.47–20.47% improvement in the peak force and energy absorption, respectively, than the H-2 hybrid composite. The peak force and energy absorption of Kevlar homogeneous composite was also improved by 10.07–14.37% and 5.38–11.29%, respectively, due to hybridization. A three dimensional (3D) dynamic finite element software, Abaqus/Explicit, was implemented to simulate the experimental results of low velocity impact tests. A user-defined material subroutine (VUMAT) based on Chang-Chang linear-orthotropic damage model was implemented into the finite element code. The predictions from numerical simulation were found to be in good agreement with the experimental results.
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Abd El-baky, MA, MA Attia, MM Abdelhaleem, and MA Hassan. "Mechanical characterization of hybrid composites based on flax, basalt and glass fibers." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 27 (May 25, 2020): 4185–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998320928509.
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An experimental study on tensile, flexural and impact properties of flax-basalt-glass reinforced epoxy hybrid composites is presented in this paper. Test specimens were fabricated by vacuum bagging process. The effects of reinforcement hybridization, fiber relative amounts and stacking sequence on the mechanical properties were investigated. Morphological studies of the fabricated and fractured surfaces through thickness were performed using scanning electron microscopy. Results showed that the developed hybrid composites display enhanced tensile, flexural and impact performance as compared with flax reinforced epoxy composite. The flexural strength increases when partial laminas from flax/epoxy laminate are replaced by basalt/epoxy and/or glass/epoxy laminas. Also, it is realized that incorporating high-strength fibers, i.e. glass or basalt, to the outer layers of the composite leads to higher flexural resistance, whilst the opposite was noticed for tensile properties. The fabricated hybrids were found to have economical and specific mechanical properties benefits. Fiber-relative amounts and stacking sequence have great effects on the mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of hybrid laminates are proven to be highly dependent on the position of the flax layers within the hybrid composite. The Hybridization with basalt and/or glass fibers is an effective method for enhancing the mechanical properties of flax/epoxy composites.
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Palpandi, M., T. Ramakrishnan, and T. Rajkumar. "Mechanical Characterization of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Composite." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-4 (June 30, 2018): 1015–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd14165.
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Chitturi, Sai Krishna, A. A. Shaikh, and Alpesh H. Makwana. "Static analysis of thermoset-thermoplastic-based hybrid composite." International Journal of Structural Integrity 11, no. 1 (August 7, 2019): 107–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijsi-05-2019-0046.
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Purpose A growing response in the development of hybrid composites to conquer the deficiency of neat composites has provoked doing this work. Thermoplastic Polycarbonate material offers better impact toughness with low structural weight. There is a little/no information available over the selected sandwich hybrid composite prepared from woven E-Glass and polycarbonate sheet. The purpose of this paper is to understand the response of the novel hybrid structure under tensile, flexural, interlaminar shear and impact loading conditions. Design/methodology/approach The hand-layup technique is used for fabricating the hybrid composites in the laminate configuration. The hybrid composites are prepared with a total fiber content of 70 percent weight fractions. The effect of the percentage of reinforcement on mechanical properties is evaluated experimentally as per American society for testing materials standard test methods. The damaged mechanisms of failed samples and fractured surfaces are well analyzed using vision measuring system and scanning electron microscopy. Findings A decline in densities of hybrid composites up to 22.5 percent is noticed with reference to neat composite. An increase in impact toughness up to 40.73 percent is marked for hybrid laminates owing to the ductile nature of PC. Delamination is identified to be the major mode of failure apart from fiber fracture/pull-out, matrix cracking in all the static loading conditions. Originality/value The response of novel hybrid composite reported has been explored for the first time in this paper. The outcome of experimental work revealed that hybridization offered lightweight structures with improved transverse impact toughness as compared to conventional composite.
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Nazem Salimi, Masoumeh, Mehdi Torabi Merajin, and Mohammad Kazem Besharati Givi. "Enhanced mechanical properties of multifunctional multiscale glass/carbon/epoxy composite reinforced with carbon nanotubes and simultaneous carbon nanotubes/nanoclays." Journal of Composite Materials 51, no. 6 (August 20, 2016): 745–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998316655201.
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Hybrid composites are being used in a wide variety of applications especially in the aircraft industry. Therefore, it would be of great use to develop a hybrid composite with a high mechanical performance. With this premise, this studyaimed to imbed secondary nanoscale reinforcement into the matrix of glass/carbon/epoxy composite where amino multi-walled carbon nanotubes and hybridization of amino multi-walled carbon nanotube and Nanoclay (Cloisite 30B) were utilized. The tensile, flexural and impact properties of hybrid composites were evaluated and a comparative study between hybrid composite reinforced with amino-MWCNTs and simultaneous amino-MWCNTs and Nanoclay was conducted. The fractured surfaces of tensile testing and bending testing specimens were characterized with a high precise field emission scanning electron microscopy. The results of the tensile test revealed that incorporation of amino-MWCNTs reduced the ultimate strength of hybrid composite, while the elastic modulus of composite with combination of amino-MWCNTs and Nanoclay increased. It was demonstrated that incorporation of nanotubes and simultaneous presence of both amino MWCNTs and Nanoclay could enhance exclusively the flexural strength of conventional hybrid composite by up to 10.5% and 22% respectively. Also, simultaneous presence of nano-fillers resulted in 12.2% enhancement of impact strength of hybrid composite where amino-MWCNTs exclusively increased it by up to 49.9%. Morphological characterization of composites indicated to strengthen interfacial interaction of fabrics to epoxy when matrix reinforced with nano-fillers, especially in combination of both nanotubes and nanoclays.
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Pu, Yongfeng, Baichuan Liu, Guilian Xue, Hongyu Liang, Fangwu Ma, Meng Yang, and Guangdong Tian. "Carbon/Basalt Fibers Hybrid Composites: Hybrid Design and the Application in Automobile Engine Hood." Polymers 14, no. 18 (September 19, 2022): 3917. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14183917.
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The low-velocity impact properties and the optimal hybrid ratio range for improving the property of hybrid composites are studied, and the application of hybrid composites in automobile engine hoods is discussed in this paper. The low-velocity impact properties of the hybrid composite material are simulated under different stacking sequences and hybrid ratios by finite element simulation, and the accuracy of the finite element model (FEM) is verified through experiments. Increasing the proportion of carbon fiber (CF) in the hybrid layer and placing the basalt fiber (BF) on the compression side can improve the energy absorption capacity under low-velocity impact loads. CF/BF hybrid composite hoods are optimized based on the steel hood and the low-velocity impact performance of the hybrid composite. The BCCC layer absorbs the most energy under low-velocity impact loads. Compared with CFRP, the energy absorbed under 10 J and 20 J impact energy is increased by 26.1% and 14.2%, respectively. Through the low-velocity impact properties of hybrid composites, we found that placing BF on the side of the load and keep the ratio below 50%, while increasing the proportion of CF in the hybrid laminate can significantly improve the property of the hybrid laminate. The results show that the stiffness and modal properties of the hybrid composite can meet the design index requirements, and the pedestrian protection capability of the hood will also increase with the increase in the proportion of BF.
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Attia, MA, MA Abd El-baky, and AE Alshorbagy. "Mechanical performance of intraply and inter-intraply hybrid composites based on e-glass and polypropylene unidirectional fibers." Journal of Composite Materials 51, no. 3 (July 28, 2016): 381–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998316644972.
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The aims of this study are to design, fabricate and investigate the mechanical properties of new hybrid composite laminates made from polypropylene-glass unidirectional fibers and epoxy matrix. Specimens were fabricated following the hand lay-up technique in intraply and inter-intraply configurations. Results are presented regarding the tensile, flexural, in-plane shear and interlaminar shear behaviors of fabricated composites with particular consideration of the effects of the plies stacking sequence and hybrid configuration. The experimental results reveal that the mechanical properties of polypropylene/epoxy composite can be effectively improved by the incorporation of glass fiber through the formation of either intraply or inter-intraply hybrid composites. With a proper choice of the hybrid configuration and the plies stacking sequence, the fabricated hybrid composites achieved property profiles close to those of homogeneous glass reinforced laminate in terms of specific properties. Resistance of the intraply hybrid composite to tensile and flexural loadings is higher than inter-intraply hybrid composites. On the other hand, the highest in-plane and interlaminar shear strengths are associated with the inter-intraply hybrid composite with glass fiber core. Additionally, an analytical analysis was also introduced to provide a good correlation with the experimental data, which give an insight on the ideal plies stacking sequence to achieve the required properties.
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Ab Ghani, Ahmad Fuad. "Hybrid Carbon/Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer; A Frontier Material for Aerospace Industry : A Review on Mechanical Properties Enhancement." Current Science and Technology 1, no. 2 (December 29, 2021): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/cst.v1i2.6919.
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Composite is the combination of two or more materials that differ in properties and composition to form unique properties. This paper reported in the literature on the field of deformation of hybrid composite under tensile, shear and flexural loading are presented in this chapter. This article review provides insight and state of the art for mechanics of composites that provides underlying theory for understanding the deformation and behaviour for the hybrid composite under various loading conditions. This paper also discusses mechanical behaviour of hybrid composites under static loading (Tensile, Shear, Flexural). It is essential to understand the principle that governs the mechanics of composites of laminate under loading which also applicable to hybrid composites C/GFRP.The high modulus fibre, such as Carbon fibre offers stiffness and load bearing capabilities, whereas the low modulus fibre, such as glass fibre makes the composite more durable and low in cost
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RAJENDIRAN, GANESH, and ANAND PALANIVEL. "ENHANCEMENT OF MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR THROUGH HYBRIDIZATION OF KENAF WITH BASALT FIBER IN REINFORCED VACUUM BAGGED POLYMER COMPOSITE." Cellulose Chemistry and Technology 56, no. 5-6 (June 21, 2022): 647–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2022.56.57.
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"Many researchers concentrate on designing and developing natural hybrid fiber-reinforced composites due to their tremendous merits in terms of mechanical and thermal behaviors, and biodegradability. The present work developed hybrid composites using the vacuum bagging method with woven kenaf and basalt fiber reinforcement. Six hybrid composites, with five stacks in six different stacking sequences, were produced and compared with five stacks of layered composite made of individual basalt and kenaf fiber, respectively, to analyze mechanical properties, such as tensile, flexural, compression, impact, hardness, thickness swelling and water absorption, according to ASTM standards. Results revealed that the tensile, compressive and flexural properties, as well as water absorption (hydrophobic behaviour) and thickness swelling, of basalt fiber reinforced laminates were better compared with those of kenaf fiber-reinforced laminates and of kenaf and basalt fiber hybrids. Laminates with basalt fiber as the outermost layer showed good hardness and impact strength results. Morphological analyses were carried out on fractured composite samples, using scanning electron microscopy to study the failure modes."
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Lopena, Jerome D., and Jeremiah C. Millare. "Mechanical Properties and Thermal Analysis of Salago and Coir Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Resin Composites." Key Engineering Materials 889 (June 16, 2021): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.889.3.
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The utilization of natural fibers in composites continues to increase due to their advantages over the synthetic fiber materials especially in terms of environmental impact and costs. One of the techniques that can be used to further enhance the properties of these natural fiber reinforced composites is through fiber hybridization. In this study, salago and coir fibers were reinforced in the epoxy resin to form a new hybrid composite. The salago to coir fiber weight ratios considered in the fiber hybridization were 3:1, 1:1 and 1:3. The performance of these hybrid fiber composites were compared to pure coir fiber composite and salago fiber composite in terms of impact strength, tensile properties and flexural properties. Among the hybrid fiber composites, the fiber weight ratio of 3:1 has the highest tensile strength (33.8 MPa), tensile modulus (3.57 GPa), flexural strength (44.2 MPa) and impact strength (42.3 J/m). It was found out that the addition of coir to this hybrid fiber composite improves the tensile strength by about 21.1 % as compared to the salago fiber composite. On the other hand, the addition of salago fiber to this hybrid fiber composite resulted to a higher tensile modulus (43.4 %) and impact strength (25.5 %) than the coir fiber composite. Moreover, the thermal analysis of the composites revealed a peak degradation temperature at around 370 °C which is associated to the decomposition of cellulose, hemicellulose and epoxy resin.
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Rusinov, Peter, Zhesfina Blednova, Anastasia Rusinova, George Kurapov, and Maxim Semadeni. "Development and Research of New Hybrid Composites in Order to Increase Reliability and Durability of Structural Elements." Metals 13, no. 7 (June 24, 2023): 1177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13071177.
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Hybrid composite materials can successfully solve the problems of reliability, durability, and extended functionality of products, components, and details, which operate under conditions of multifactorial influences (temperature, force, and deformation). The authors have developed a hybrid composite high-entropy AlCoCrCuFeNi material and ceramic cBNCoMo(B4CCoMo) layer. The formation of hybrid composites was carried out using new technology. This technology includes high-energy machining, high-velocity oxygen-fuel spraying in a protective environment, high-temperature thermomechanical treatment, and heat treatment. The use of the developed technology made it possible to increase the adhesive strength of the composite layers from 68 to 192 MPa. The authors performed an assessment of the structural parameters of the composite layers. The assessment showed that the composite layers had a nanocrystalline structure. The research included mechanical tests of the hybrid composites Hastelloy X (NiCrFeMo)—AlCoCrCuFeNi—cBNCoMo and Hastelloy X (NiCrFeMo)—AlCoCrCuFeNi—B4CCoMo for cyclic durability (fatigue mechanical tests) and friction wear. The use of surface-layered materials AlCoCrCuFeNi—cBNCoMo and AlCoCrCuFeNi—B4CCoMo in the composition of hybrid composites significantly increased cyclic durability. The use of surface-layered materials in the composition of hybrid composites made it possible to reduce wear intensity. The test results show that the developed composites are promising for use in various industries (including oil and gas), where high strength and wear resistance of materials are required.
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Saxena, Tanvi, and V. K. Chawla. "Elastic properties evaluation of banana-hemp fiber-based hybrid composite with nano-titanium oxide filler: Analytical and Simulation Study." Engineering Solid Mechanics 12, no. 1 (2024): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.esm.2023.7.001.
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In recent years, nano-filler-based hybrid composites have gained significant attention from the research community; The nano-filler-based hybrid composites can have potential applications in numerous sectors. Nano-fillers are bringing a leading development in material science and natural fibers-based composites. The present study considers the impact of various weight percentages of nano-titanium oxide (NTiO2) fillers (2%, 4%, and 6%) on the elastic features of novel hybridized banana-hemp fiber-reinforced epoxy composites. The proposed composite is analyzed for its elastic properties like longitudinal and transverse elastic modulus, axial Poisson's ratio, and axial shear modulus using homogenized micromechanical models, namely, Mori-Tanaka (M-T) model, Generalized self-consistent (G-SC) model and Modified Halpin-Tsai (M-HTS) model. The composite is modeled using one layer of banana fiber, one layer of NTiO2 and epoxy, and one layer of hemp fiber. All three layers of the composite are arranged in the sequence of banana fiber at 450, a layer of NTiO2 and epoxy at 00, and hemp fiber at 450. The proposed composite's vector sum deformation and strength are examined by employing the ANSYS APDL application. The results obtained in this study are compared with the experimental work mentioned in the literature. The composite reinforced with six weight% NTiO2 has the highest mechanical strength, and the modified Halpin-Tsai (M-HTS) model is the most effective in calculating the elastic features of the proposed composite. In addition to the above, the hybridization effect for the proposed composite is also estimated to analyze the tensile failure strain of banana and hemp fiber in the proposed hybrid composite structure.
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Hariprasad, T., K. Varatharajan, and S. Ravi. "Investigation of Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Al 5083-ZrSiO4-Gr Hybrid Composite." International Journal of Nanoscience 17, no. 04 (July 8, 2018): 1760029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x17600298.
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In this present work, an attempt is made to compare the microstructural, mechanical and tribological properties of Al 5083-5% and 10% Gr, Al 5083-5% and 10% ZrSiO4 composite with Al 5083-5, 10% Gr-5 and 10% ZrSiO4 hybrid composite. The samples were prepared by using the stir casting technique, and the characterizations of composites and hybrid composite were observed by using SEM, EDAX and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical properties such as hardness, tensile, compressive strength of hybrid composite were found to be better than those of composites. The wear test was carried out by using a pin-on-disc wear tribometer by varying parameters like normal load (5, 10[Formula: see text]N), sliding speed (1, 1.5, 2[Formula: see text]m/s) with constant sliding distance (2000[Formula: see text]m). The worn surface of the samples is examined by using SEM, and the wear properties of the hybrid composite are found to exhibit superior wear resistance properties than composites.
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Murugan, Giri, Ganesh Babu Loganathan, G. Sivaraman, C. Shilaja, and S. Mayakannan. "Compressive Behavior of Tamarind Shell Powder and Fine Granite Particles Reinforced Epoxy Matrix Based Hybrid Bio-Composites." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 7111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.7111ecst.
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Nowadays, hybrid bio-composites are being developed by combining different natural resources as reinforcement and filler components, and this has raised their necessary qualities dramatically. An epoxy resin matrix for compressive qualities was tested experimentally with the inclusion of fine granite powder and tamarind shell powder particles. As reinforcement materials, fine granite powder and tamarind shell powder are employed. Specimens of hybrid bio-composite were created by altering the reinforcement material weight % while maintaining the epoxy resin weight percentage the same. Utilizing a compression moulding process, composite boards made of hybrid biomaterials were created. Water jet machining is used to remove hybrid bio-composite specimens for compression tests in accordance with ASTM standards from the hybrid bio-composite boards. When fine granite and tamarind shell powder particles are added to the epoxy resin matrix, experimental results show that compressive characteristics of the hybrid bio-composites are greatly improved.
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Ramesh*, V., and P. Anand. "Evaluation on Impact Strength of Basalt/Kevlar Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 9, no. 1 (October 30, 2019): 4907–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.a2035.109119.
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Natural and synthetic fiber reinforced hybrid composites replacing conventional metals. Because of their improved properties such as higher strength, light weight, low cost, bio-degradable and green composite. An attempt made to find the impact strength of hybrid composites. The fiber in woven mat form is added to matrix element with varying stacking sequences of symmetrical laminates. Six types of hybrid laminate composites having basalt and Kevlar fibers are the reinforcements in varying stacking sequences are produced using hand lay-up technique followed by compression molding. The impact strength of the produced composites is evaluated. Experimental results found that composite having stacking sequences of K-B-K-B-K-B-K has the highest value of impact strength of 24 Joules respectively. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) is used to examine the morphology of fractured surface of hybrid composites during testing. SEM images revealed that hybrid composite with K-B-K-B-K-B-K had less defects on its fractured surface compared to other counter parts of the hybrid composites.
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Chen, Tianran, Dana Kazerooni, Lin Ju, David A. Okonski, and Donald G. Baird. "Development of Recyclable and High-Performance In Situ Hybrid TLCP/Glass Fiber Composites." Journal of Composites Science 4, no. 3 (August 24, 2020): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs4030125.
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By combining the concepts of in situ thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (TLCP) composites and conventional fiber composites, a recyclable and high-performance in situ hybrid polypropylene-based composite was successfully developed. The recycled hybrid composite was prepared by injection molding and grinding processes. Rheological and thermal analyses were utilized to optimize the processing temperature of the injection molding process to reduce the melt viscosity and minimize the degradation of polypropylene. The ideal temperature for blending the hybrid composite was found to be 305 °C. The influence of mechanical recycling on the different combinations of TLCP and glass fiber composites was analyzed. When the weight fraction ratio of TLCP to glass fiber was 2 to 1, the hybrid composite exhibited better processability, improved tensile performance, lower mechanical anisotropy, and greater recyclability compared to the polypropylene reinforced by either glass fiber or TLCP alone.
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Dhote, Sharvari, Kamran Behdinan, Jan Andrysek, and Jia Bian. "Experimental investigation of a hybrid nickel-carbon black polydimethylsiloxane conductive nanocomposite." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 15 (December 1, 2019): 2051–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319890406.
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This paper presents an experimental investigation of single and hybrid carbon black and spiky nickel-filled conductive composite to understand the synergy effect when different types and shapes of fillers are combined in a silicone polymer matrix. The electrical and mechanical properties of the conductive composites are measured under a compressive loading cycle. The results showed that the electrical properties of the hybrid conductive polymer composites have a better repeatability at low filler ratio as compared to the virgin nickel or carbon black composite. The new hybrid composite piezoresistive behavior is similar to a high filler ratio nickel composite. This study provided insights to develop a tailored conductive composite with a low mass-ratio and different morphology of fillers.
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Zhang, Chen, Yunfei Rao, Zhe Li, and Wei Li. "Low-Velocity Impact Behavior of Interlayer/Intralayer Hybrid Composites Based on Carbon and Glass Non-Crimp Fabric." Materials 11, no. 12 (December 5, 2018): 2472. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11122472.
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Composites have gained wide use in structural applications; however, they are sensitive to impact damage. The use of hybrid composites is an effective way to overcome this deficiency. The effects of various hybrid structures of interlayer and intralayer warp-knitted fabrics with carbon and glass fibers on the low-velocity impact behavior of composite laminates were studied. Drop-weight impact tests were conducted on two types of interlayer, sandwich and intralayer hybrid composite laminates, which were compared with homogenous composite laminates. During low-velocity impact tests, the time histories of impact forces and absorbed energy by laminate were recorded. The failure modes were analyzed using the micro-CT (computed tomography) and C-scan techniques. The results revealed that the hybrid structure played an important role in peak force and the absorbed energy, and that the hybrid interface had an influence on damage modes, whereas the intralayer hybrid composite laminate damage was affected by the impact location. The intralayer hybrid laminate with C:G = 1:1 exhibited better impact resistance compared to the other hybrid structures.
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Vijayakumar, M., K. Kumaresan, R. Gopal, S. D. Vetrivel, and V. Vijayan. "Effect of Silicon Carbide on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Snake Grass/Sisal Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Epoxy Composites." Journal of New Materials for Electrochemical Systems 24, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14447/jnmes.v24i2.a09.
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In this study, an attempt was made to develop and characterize Snake Grass Fiber (SGF)/Silicon Carbide (SiC)/epoxy and Snake Grass Fiber/Sisal Fiber (SF)/Silicon Carbide/epoxy hybrid composites using a compression moulding technique. Mechanical characteristics of the produced hybrid composites such as tensile, flexural, and hardness tests were analyzed. Also experiments have been carried out to predict the thermal stability of the fabricated composite samples. The interface between fiber and matrix was examined by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Among SGF/SiC/epoxy and SGF/SF/SiC/epoxy composites, it has been observed that hybrid composite SGF/SF/SiC/epoxy exhibits the higher hardness of 82 Shore-D, tensile strength of 51 MPa and flexural strength of 73 MPa. In contrast to the mechanical properties, the percentage of water absorption was lower in the SGF/SiC/epoxy hybrid composite. It is proven from the results that the SGF/SF/SiC/epoxy hybrid composites will enhance the strength of the composites. This composite material is also a potential candidate for the hardware of energy devices including electrochemical energy along with Fuel Cell systems.
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Reeb, Andreas, Volker Schulze, and Kay André Weidenmann. "Interface Characterization of Hybrid Composite Extrusions." Materials Science Forum 825-826 (July 2015): 134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.825-826.134.
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Through the development of new metal matrix composites, the specific strength and stiffness can be increased above the level of conventional light metal alloys and increase their potential for lightweight applications. The composite extrusion process is a promising manufacturing method for reinforced light metal extrusions. Particularly, the reinforcement with ceramic fibers can increase both the specific strength and stiffness which are essential for lightweight purposes. To exploit the full potential of the reinforcement, the interface of this MMC has to be optimized regarding the load transfer between matrix and fiber and therefore has to offer a strong bonding. In this contribution a hybrid composite is produced by using an Al2O3-fiber/AlMg0.2 composite wire which is embedded in an EN AW-6082 extrusion profile. Both the characterization of the interface and determination of the influence of processing and heat treatment are presented. For that purpose, the composites are characterized qualitatively by metallographic analysis and quantitatively by micro push-out testing of the ceramic fibers prior and after composite extrusion. To investigate the influence of additional heat treatment the state as fabricated, which equals a T4 state of the matrix material, as well as a T6 state with additional solution annealing and artificial ageing are compared. It was found that the extrusion process has a beneficial influence on the microstructure and the mechanical interface properties and therefore confirms applicability of composite extrusion for manufacturing of alumina reinforced profiles. The heat treatment however showed no significant influence on the embedded composite wire and its interface properties.
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Jayaraman, R., R. Girimurugan, V. Suresh, C. Shilaja, and S. Mayakannan. "Improvement on Tensile Properties of Epoxy Resin Matrix Sugarcane Fiber and Tamarind Seed Powder Reinforced Hybrid Bio-Composites." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 7265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.7265ecst.
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Nowadays, hybrid bio-composites are being developed by combining different natural resources as reinforcement and filler components, and this has raised their necessary qualities dramatically. Sugarcane fibre and tamarind seed powder particles added to an epoxy resin matrix to test the material's tensile strength were the focus of this study. A reinforcing material is sugarcane fibre, while filler components include tamarind seed powder particles. Different reinforcement and filler materials were used to make hybrid bio-composite specimens, while the epoxy resin weight percentage was maintained constant. Utilizing the hot press compression moulding technology, hybrid bio-composite boards were manufactured from start to finish. Water jet machining is used to remove hybrid bio-composite specimens for compression tests in accordance with ASTM standards from the hybrid bio-composite boards. It has been shown in experiments, for example, that adding tamarind seed powder particles to a sugarcane fiber/epoxy resin matrix considerably increases the hybrid bio-composites' tensile characteristics.
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Sekar, K., and P. Vasanthakumar. "Fabrication of Aluminium Hybrid Metal Matrix Composite Reinforced with Silicon Carbide and Graphite by Stir Casting Method." Materials Science Forum 1081 (March 24, 2023): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-109l81.
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The AA2014/SiC/Gr hybrid metal matrix composites are developed with addition of 0.5% to 1.5% SiC particles (weight fraction) in 0.5% weight fraction interval and the graphite (Gr) is 1% weight fraction constant for all composites were prepared by stir casting method. The effects of SiC and Gr on the microstructural and mechanical properties of the base cast and hybrid composites were studied by SEM, hardness, and impact tests. The results indicate that mechanical properties of the aluminium hybrid metal matrix composites (AHMMCs) change according to their increment of SiC and Gr particle. The hardness and impact strength of base cast and hybrid composites increased during the addition of SiC and Gr particle. The hardness and impact strength of base cast and hybrid composites increased during the addition of SiC and Gr particle. The maximum hardness is observed in the fourth sample with 1% Gr and 1.5% SiC with 7% increment which is 102.4 VHN. The high impact strength was observed for base alloy of 24% than hybrid composite. The composite of 1% SiC and 1% Gr is given less wear loss and coefficient of friction. The Corrosion resistance is better in the composite of 0.5% SiC and 1% Gr and the optical micrographs shows that the composite with 0.5% SiC and 1% Gr shows good texture.
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Radulović, Jovan. "Hybrid filament-wound materials: Tensile characteristics of (aramide fiber/glass fiber)-epoxy resins composite and (carbon fibers/glass fiber)-epoxy resins composites." Scientific Technical Review 70, no. 1 (2020): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/str2001036r.
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In this paper a tensile characteristics of filament-wound glass fiber-aramid fiber/epoxy resins hybrid composites and glass fiber-two carbons fibers/epoxy resins hybrid composites are presented. Basic terms about hybride composite materials (origin, reasons for manufacturing, advantages, definitions, levels of hybridization, modes of classifications, types, categorization, and possible interactions between constituents) and used reinforcements and matrices are described. For a manufacturing of NOL rings four reinforcements (glass fiber, polyamide aromatic fiber and two carbon fibers) and two matrices (high and moderate temperature curing epoxy resin system) are used. Based on experimentally obtained results, it is concluded that hybride composite material consisting of carbon fiber T800 (67 % vol) and glass fiber GR600 (33 % vol) impregnated with epoxy resin system L20 has the highest both the tensile strength value and the specific tensile strength value. The two lowest values of both tensile strength and the specific tensile strength have hybrid material containing aramide fiber K49 (33 % vol) and glass fiber GR600 (67 % vol) and epoxy resin system 0164 and hybrid NOL ring with wound carbon fiber T300 (33 % vol) and glass fiber GR600 (67 % vol) impregnated with the same epoxy resin system. This investigation pointed out that increasing the volume content of aramide fiberK49, carbon fiber T300 and carbon fiber T800 in appropriate hybrid composites with glass fiber GR600 increases both the tensile strength value and the specific tensile strength value and decrease the density value, no matter the used epoxy resin system.
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Abdelkarim, M. F., L. S. Nasrat, S. M. Elkhodary, A. M. Soliman, A. M. Hassan, and S. H. Mansour. "Volume Resistivity and Mechanical Behavior of Epoxy Nanocomposite Materials." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 5, no. 2 (April 20, 2015): 775–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.536.
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Electrical and mechanical properties of polymer composite materials are investigated through the determination of resistivity and hardness for composites samples. Epoxy composite samples have been prepared with different concentrations of certain inorganic fillers such as; Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and Silica (SiO2), of various size (micro, nano and hybrid) to study the electrical and mechanical behavior. The volume resistivity reaches 3.23×1014 ohm.cm for the micro silica composite. Surface of composite material has been mechanically examined by hardness test. The results show that the resistivity of microcomposites and nanocmposites are increased with the decrease of filler concentration. But the resistivity of hybrid composites is increased with the increase of filler concentration. Maximum hardness value was obtained from hybrid silica composite with 0.1% filler concentration.
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Lins, Sergio Augusto B., Marisa Cristina G. Rocha, and José Roberto M. d’Almeida. "Mechanical and thermal properties of high-density polyethylene/alumina/glass fiber hybrid composites." Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 32, no. 11 (September 24, 2018): 1566–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0892705718797391.
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In this investigation, composite materials made from high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and alumina, as well as from HDPE, alumina, and glass fibers, were prepared, aiming to improve the thermal stability, stiffness, and mechanical strength. The combined effects of alumina and glass fibers and the individual effects of alumina were studied. Alumina concentrations ranged from 5 wt% to 10 wt% and glass fiber concentrations ranged from 10 wt% to 30 wt%. For the hybrid composite materials, alumina concentration was maintained constant as the glass fiber concentration increased. The composites were processed with a double-screw extruder. Their properties were evaluated through a multi-analytical approach. Results pointed to a significant increase of the elastic modulus for the hybrid composite (up to 501% in comparison to the neat polymer), at the cost of a large decrease in toughness, alongside a decline in impact resistance. Elastic modulus improvement was observed in both hybrid and HDPE-alumina composites, being higher for the hybrid composites due to the addition of glass fibers. HDPE-alumina composites presented a decrease in mechanical strength, whereas the hybrid composites showed an increase of this parameter. Concerning thermal properties, the hybrid composites presented higher thermal stability than that of the HDPE-alumina composites and a similar degradation temperature as the neat polymer. Micrographs pointed to weak adhesion between alumina particles and the polymeric matrix as well as a slight degree of fiber detachment. Overall, the hybrid composites presented considerably higher stiffness and mechanical strength than the neat polymer and HDPE-alumina composite (19–26% increase), with no significant change in thermal stability.
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Bhedasgaonkar, Rahul. "Manufacturing and Mechanical Properties Testing of Hybrid Natural Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): 2390–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.43877.
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Abstract: A composite material is a materials system made up of two or more micro or macro elements with different forms and chemical compositions that are largely insoluble in one another. It basically comprises of two phases: matrix and fiber. Polymers, ceramics, and metals such as nylon, glass, graphite, Aluminium oxide, boron, and aluminium are examples of fibres. In the present research work epoxy is used as matrix and Bamboo, Sugarcane Bagasse and Coconut fibre are used as fibres for preparing the composites. In the preparation of specimen, the fibre as taken as a continuous fibre. The fibre is treated with NaOH solution. Hybrid natural fibre reinforced composites of bamboo, sugarcane baggase and coconut coir has been prepared using hand lay-up process of composite manufacturing. These hybrid composites were tested for determining their tensile and impact strengths. Results of mechanical testing reveals that the tensile strength of Bamboo- Bagasse hybrid composite is more compared to other composites. Taking into consideration of enhanced tensile and impact strength of bamboo-bagasse hybrid natural fibre polymer composite, we recommend the use of hybrid bamboo-bagasse composite in manufacturing of automotive bodies. Because of their unique characteristics of recyclability, waste utilization, biodegradability, good strength, and a viable alternative to plastics, these composites can be used for a variety of applications
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O′Brien, Caitlin, and Arash Zaghi. "Mechanical Characteristics of Hybrid Composites with ±45° Glass and 0°/90° Stainless Steel Fibers." Materials 11, no. 8 (August 4, 2018): 1355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11081355.
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Lack of energy dissipation is one of the shortcomings of conventional glass fiber reinforced composites. The addition of steel fibers to the conventional FRP composite to create a hybrid composite has been recently investigated as an option to address this limitation. The current literature is limited to composites reinforced with metal and non-metal fibers of the same alignment. In this study, hybrid and nonhybrid FRP composites of different layups, fiber content, and weave type were manufactured and subjected to hysteretic tensile loads. Woven glass fabrics in ±45° orientation were hybridized with unidirectional stainless steel fabrics in 0° and 90° orientations. This put the glass and steel layers in in-plane shear and normal stresses, respectively. The nonlinear stress–strain relationship, residual plastic strains, energy dissipation capability, and failure mechanisms of hybrid and nonhybrid composite type were compared. The hybrid composites presented improved energy dissipation, tensile strength, and stiffness when compared to nonhybrid ones. The applicability of an existing constitutive model that was originally developed for in-plane shear of conventional composites was investigated and refinements were proposed to present the hysteretic stress–strain relationship after addition of steel fibers. The refined model captured the increased plastic strain values and energy dissipation because of stainless steel fibers in the hybrid composite samples. An Armstrong–Frederick plasticity model was implemented to model the stress–strain relationship of the stainless steel composite samples.
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Kumar, Deepak, Pardeep Saini, and Pradeep Kumar Singh. "A study on Morphological and Mechanical Characterization of Al-4032/SiC/GP Hybrid Composites." Metallurgical and Materials Engineering 28, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.30544/728.
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The pattern of metal matrix composites can be enhanced by integrating the concept of hybrid metal matrix composite to produce newer engineering materials with improved properties. The morphological and mechanical characteristics of Al-4032/SiC/GP hybrid composites have been investigated. The aluminium alloy (Al-4032) based hybrid composites have been fabricated through the bottom pouring stir casting set up, by reinforcing the silicon carbide (SiC) and granite powder ceramic particles as the reinforcement material at various fraction levels i.e. 0, 3, 6, 9 weight% in equal proportion. The reinforcement particle size is up to 54μm. The microstructural characterization of the hybrid composite samples has been carried out using an optical microscope, SEM, and XRD. The study reveals that the reinforcement hybrid particles (SiC + GP) are almost uniformly distributed throughout the matrix phase. The mechanical properties (tensile strength, impact strength, and microhardness) of the hybrid composite samples have been obtained and found to be better than the unreinforced alloy.
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Patel, Mr Ashish Kumar. "Mechanical Properties of Luffa Cylindrica and Coconut Coir Reinforced Epoxy Hybrid Composite." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 11 (November 30, 2021): 54–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38759.
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Abstract: In the current day scenario all the researchers and engineers are searching for a better and cheaper alternative for the current engineering materials. The project deals with the low cost, light weight and biodegradable composites and their use in the current industries. Substituting the legacy fiber reinforced composites with the low-cost natural plant- based fibers reinforced composites help us achieve comparative mechanical properties. India has a quite rich source of natural plant-based fibers which can be used for the production of natural fiber reinforced composites. In this project we used a combination of luffa fibers and coir fibers to produce an epoxy hybrid composite. The current project explores two different problems related to the natural fiber reinforced hybrid composite: 1) Study of mechanical properties of the hybrid thermosetting composite. 2) Study of possibilities of use of natural fiber reinforced epoxy hybrid composites in the different industries
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Wu, Liwei, Xiaojun Sun, Chunjie Xiang, Wei Wang, Fa Zhang, Qian Jiang, Youhong Tang, and Jia-Horng Lin. "Short Beam Shear Behavior and Failure Characterization of Hybrid 3D Braided Composites Structure with X-ray Micro-Computed Tomography." Polymers 12, no. 9 (August 26, 2020): 1931. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12091931.
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Three-dimensional braided composite has a unique spatial network structure that exhibits the characteristics of high delamination resistance, damage tolerance, and shear strength. Considering the characteristics of braided structures, two types of high-performance materials, namely, aramid and carbon fibers, were used as reinforcements to prepare braided composites with different hybrid structures. In this study, the longitudinal and transverse shear properties of 3D braided hybrid composites were tested to investigate the influences of hybrid and structural effects. The damage characteristics of 3D braided hybrid composites under short beam shear loading underwent comprehensive morphological analysis via optical microscopy, water-logging ultrasonic scanning, and X-ray micro-computed tomography methods. It is shown that the shear toughness of hybrid braided composite has been improved at certain degrees compared with the pure carbon fiber composite under both transverse and longitudinal directions. The hybrid braided composites with aramid fiber as axial yarn and carbon fiber as braiding yarn exhibited the best shear toughness under transverse shear loading. Meanwhile, the composites with carbon fiber as axial yarn and aramid fiber as braiding yarn demonstrated the best shear toughness in the longitudinal direction. Due to the different distribution of axial and braiding yarns, the transverse shear property of hybrid braided structure excels over the longitudinal shear property. The failure modes of the hybrid braided composite under the two loading directions are considerably different. Under transverse loading, the primary failure mode of the composites is yarn fracture. Under longitudinal loading, the primary failure modes are resin fracture and fiber slip. The extensive interfacial effects and the good deformation capability of the hybrid braided composites can effectively prevent the longitudinal development of internal cracks in the pattern, improving the shear properties of braided composites.
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Jawaid, Mohammad, Azman Hassan, and H. P. S. Abdul Khalil. "Effect of Coupling Agent on Mechanical and Thermal Behaviour of Oil Palm/Jute Hybrid Composites." Advanced Materials Research 686 (April 2013): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.686.125.
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Hybrid composites prepared by using oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) and jute fibres as reinforcement in epoxy matrix by keeping the EFB/jute fibre weight ratio constant at 1:1. In this study, effect of coupling agent on tensile and flexural properties of oil palm empty EFB/jute fibres reinforced epoxy hybrid composites evaluated. Hybrid composites are prepared by using hand lay-up technique. Particular interest is the effect of coupling agent (CA), 2-Hyroxy ethyl acrylate (HEA) on the tensile and flexural properties of hybrid composites. The laminates coupled with HEA showed better tensile and flexural properties than the one without coupling agent. The highest tensile and flexural strength value has been obtained for hybrid composite of jute/EFB/jute (CA). Tensile fracture composite specimens were analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to know the morphological behaviour of composites. Thermal properties of the hybrid composites were investigate to observe the effect of 2-Hyroxy ethyl acrylate (HEA) on thermal stability of hybrid composites.