Journal articles: 'Hybrid operating'

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Kant, Sunil, Shakti Kumar Gupta, and V. Siddharth. "Planning Premises and Design Considerations for Hybrid Operating Room." International Journal of Research Foundation of Hospital and Healthcare Administration 2, no. 1 (2014): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10035-1015.

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ABSTRACT The hybrid operating room can be defined as the combination of imaging system and operating table installed in an operating theater room for, e.g. use of an angiography imaging system and operation table in an operation theatre or use of an operating table in angiography room. Shorter patient recovery time, decreased length of stay, streamlined care delivery, improvement in cross-specialty communication, minimized risk for communication-related errors across clinical specialties and lower overall cost of care are some of the advantages of the hybrid operating room. Although no/limited data exists in the literature, the potential disadvantages of hybrid operating suite are cost, infection, prolonged anesthesia and radiation exposure. The primary components of a hybrid operating suite are an imaging system and imaging compatible operation table. Area required for hybrid operating suite varies from 80 to 150 m2. The most common configuration of hybrid operating suite includes a flat panel angiographic X-ray imaging system and surgical equipment for cardiac surgery. How to cite this article Siddharth V, Kant S, Chandrashekhar R, Gupta SK. Planning Premises and Design Considerations for Hybrid Operating Room. Int J Res Foundation Hosp Healthc Adm 2014;2(1):50-56.

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Singh, Ajmer. "Hybrid operating room: Clinical applications." Indian Anaesthetists' Forum 17, no. 2 (2016): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0973-0311.195950.

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Shin, Ji-Hyun, Yoon-Bok Seong, Yong-In Kim, and Young-Hum Cho. "Development of Changeover Operating Method Based on Performance Prediction of Hybrid Geothermal Heat Pump Systems through Field Test and Numerical Analysis." Energies 13, no. 20 (2020): 5333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13205333.

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The installation and operation of geothermal systems increased due to the expectation of good cooling and heating performance due to stable heat source temperatures. In actual geothermal system operations, heat source temperature rises or falls due to an imbalance of heating and cooling energy usage. Problems of source side temperature result in reduced geothermal system performance. The purpose of this study is to develop hybrid geothermal system operation technology to stabilize temperature and improve system performance by utilizing auxiliary heat source system. The auxiliary heat source system is operated by comparing the performance when operating the geothermal heat pump system alone and the performance when operating the hybrid geothermal heat pump system. The performance of a hybrid geothermal system is determined by the circulating water temperature of the geothermal system and the circulating water temperature of the auxiliary heat source system. Hybrid geothermal heat pump system performance is predicted through numerical analysis and collection of hybrid geothermal system performance data at various temperature ranges through field test. An operating method was developed using the predicted performance as the changeover operating point of the hybrid geothermal heat pump system. When applying the development and operation technology, it handled about 11% more load than the existing geothermal system operation. The addition of an auxiliary heat source increases the initial investment cost compared to the existing geothermal system, but decreases energy consumption, confirming that the initial investment cost of 15.3 years is recovered.

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Volodarets, M., I. Gritsuk, I. Taran, V. Volkov, M. Bulgakov, and M. Izteleuova. "Features of modernization of a truck with a hybrid power transmission." Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, no. 1 (February 28, 2023): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2023-1/080.

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Purpose. Substantiation of peculiarities of modernization of a heavy-duty vehicle with a hybrid power transmission by using the formed set of analytical and technological solutions for power transmission under operating conditions. Methodology. For the developed functional model of a hybrid vehicle operation, the parameters of the functional model and its links are presented, the relationships between the elements are described, and the boundary conditions are formed. A combined series-parallel hybrid drive scheme has been used, as it has a higher efficiency compared to parallel and series ones. When operating in idle mode and low loads, the diesel generator set replenishes the energy reserve in the energy storage device and the vehicle is operated. To recharge the energy storage devices, it is possible to use the traction electric motor as a generator, and during operation it is used in the energy recovery mode during vehicle braking. An optimization mathematical model has been developed to determine the parameters of the power plant and energy storage device, taking into account operating conditions. A procedure has been developed along with, on its basis, a subroutine algorithm for calculating the required energy intensity of the energy storage device and the power of the vehicle’s power plant. An assessment of the modernization effectiveness of mining dump trucks by hybrid power transmission was made. Findings. A functional model of a hybrid vehicle operation under appropriate operating conditions has been developed, and the main parameters limitations of the state have been given. The corresponding procedures and algorithm for calculating the parameters of the energy storage device and the power unit were compiled and then were used in the corresponding computer calculation program. In the study on fuel efficiency, three BelAZ-7547 dump trucks were considered. The values of the kinetic energy configuration were determined with an increase in speed (acceleration) and with a decrease in speed (deceleration). An assessment of the upgrading effectiveness was made for mining trucks with hybrid power transmission. The payback period of the corresponding measures was 1.42 years. Originality. To determine the power storage and power unit parameters, a functional model of a hybrid vehicle operation and an optimization mathematical model for determining the parameters of the power plant and energy storage, taking into account operating conditions, have been developed. The substantiation of a complex of analytical and technological solutions for the power transmission of a hybrid mining dump truck under operating conditions has been carried out. Practical value. The results obtained are useful in the implementation of the modernization of heavy mining dump trucks with hybrid power transmission in the operating conditions.

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Boudoulas, Konstantinos Dean, Konstantinos Marmagkiolis, Antonios A. Pitsis, and Harisios Boudoulas. "Hybrid Coronary Revascularization and the Hybrid Cardiovascular Operating Room." Cardiology 140, no. 2 (2018): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000489040.

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Abdulrazzak, Akroot. "Effect of Operating Temperatures on the Performance of a SOFC GT Hybrid System." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 3, no. 3 (2019): 1512–15. https://doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd23412.

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This article presents a steady state thermodynamic model of a solid oxide fuel cell gas turbine hybrid cycle which developed by using a simulation software, MATLAB®. The hybrid model integrates a zero dimensional level SOFC model with gas turbine. The hybrid system was used to study the effects of some operation parameter such as SOFC operating temperature, and current density on the specific work output, electrical efficiency, and exergy efficiency of a generic hybrid cycle. The results show that if the SOFC operating temperature, the power output, electrical efficiency, and exergy efficiency increase. The electrical efficiency of the hybrid system increase from 62 to 68 , and the exergy efficiency of the hybrid system increases from 60 to 66 when the operation temperature increases from 600°C to 750°C at a current density of 6000 A cm2. On the other hand, the system efficiency and exergy decreases with an increase in the current density. Abdulrazzak Akroot "Effect of Operating Temperatures on the Performance of a SOFC/GT Hybrid System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23412.pdf

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Drabkin I. A. and Ershova L.B. "Hybrid Operating Modes of Thermoelectric Modules." Semiconductors 56, no. 1 (2022): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/sc.2022.01.53113.06.

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It is suggested that thermoelectric coolers designing should not be limited to the extreme modes of their operation. In some cases, it is convenient to use the so called hybrid modes --- a combination of the extreme mode of maximum coefficient of performance for large temperature differences and a general cooling mode for small ones. The proposed hybrid mode makes it possible to control the cooling capacity of the module and not to confine this value to that under the extreme operating conditions, the maximum coefficient of performance in particular. Keywords: Thermoelectric module, hybrid mode, cooling capacity per pellet.

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Șoimoșan, Teodora Melania, Raluca Andreea Felseghi, Calin Ovidiu Safirescu, and Georgiana Dorina Iacob. "Influence of the Operating Regime on the Performances of Thermal Solar Systems Integrated in Heating Networks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 772 (July 2015): 531–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.772.531.

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The energy performances of the integrated thermal solar systems in the hybrid heating systems are influenced by several aspects like technology used and the way the collectors are placed, the type and technology of the heating storage, the operating temperatures in the hybrid system and last, but not least, the chosen control strategy. The operating regime of the thermal solar system characterized mainly by the thermal solar agent’s temperature and flow rate, as well as the corresponding control strategy, define the parametric framework of the system and impose its energy performances during operation. The optimized systemic variation of the temperatures and flow rates in both, the solar loop and the heating circuit, results in higher annual energy performances of the hybrid heating system. The present paper approaches the premises referring to the different operating regimes that characterize thermal solar systems in order to highlight and quantify their influence over the energy performances of the thermal system. In this respect, a set of computational operating simulations were carried out on the targeted system during one year of operation, in different configurations and operating regimes, for the energy assesment of the thermal system.

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Huda, M. Nazmul, Pengcheng Liu, Chitta Saha, and Hongnian Yu. "Modelling and Motion Analysis of a Pill-Sized Hybrid Capsule Robot." Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems 100, no. 3-4 (2020): 753–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10846-020-01167-3.

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AbstractThis paper presents a miniature hybrid capsule robot for minimally invasive in-vivo interventions such as capsule endoscopy within the GI (gastrointestinal) tract. It proposes new modes of operation for the hybrid robot namely hybrid mode and anchoring mode. The hybrid mode assists the robot to open an occlusion or to widen a narrowing. The anchoring mode enables the robot to stay in a specific place overcoming external disturbances (e.g. peristalsis) for a better and prolonged observation. The modelling of the legged, hybrid and anchoring modes are presented and analysed. Simulation results show robot propulsions in various modes. The hybrid capsule robot consisting four operating modes is more effective for the locomotion and observation within GI tract when compared to the locomotion consisting a single mean of locomotion as the hybrid robot can switch among the operating modes to suit the situation/task.

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Suzuki, H., T. Aikawa, T. Haneyoshi, and M. Tadokoro. "Operating characteristics of Hybrid inverter system." Journal of the Magnetics Society of Japan 9, no. 2 (1985): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3379/jmsjmag.9.235.

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Suzuki, H., T. Aikawa, T. Haneyoshi, and M. Tadokoro. "Operating Characteristics of Hybrid Inverter System." IEEE Translation Journal on Magnetics in Japan 1, no. 5 (1985): 600–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tjmj.1985.4548879.

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Eliseu, António, and Rui Castro. "Wind-Hydro Hybrid Park operating strategies." Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 36 (December 2019): 100561. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2019.100561.

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Xiao, Nengqi, Xiang Xu, and Baojia Chen. "Research on Simulation and Experiment of Ship Complex Diesel-Electric Hybrid Propulsion System." Journal of Ship Research 64, no. 02 (2020): 171–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.2020.64.2.171.

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This article introduces the composition and 12 operating conditions of a four-engine two-propeller hybrid power system. Through the combination of gearbox clutch and disconnection, the propulsion system has four single-engine operation modes, two double-engine parallel operation modes, and six PTI operation modes. Because the propulsion system has a variety of operating conditions, each operating condition has a form of energy transfer. As a result, its energy management and control are more complicated. To study the energy management and control strategy of a diesel- electric hybrid propulsion system, this work mainly studies the simulation model and sub-models of a diesel-electric hybrid propulsion system. In this study, MATLAB/ SIMULINK software is used to build the diesel engine model, motor model, and ship engine system mathematical model. The test and analysis were carried out on the test bench of the diesel-electric hybrid power system. By comparing the theoretical value of the SIMULINK simulation model with the test value of the test bench system, the correctness of each sub-model modeling method is verified. On the one hand, research on the text lays a theoretical foundation for the subsequent implementation of the conventional energy management and control strategy based on state identification on the unified management and distribution of the diesel-electric hybrid power system. At the same time, energy management of the diesel-electric hybrid system is also carried out. Optimization research provides theoretical guidance.

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Yan, Xianghai, Hui Zhang, Xianzhe Li, Yanying Li, and Liyou Xu. "Control Strategy of Torque Distribution for Hybrid Four-Wheel Drive Tractor." World Electric Vehicle Journal 14, no. 7 (2023): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj14070190.

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Based on the analysis of the operating conditions of the tractor, a Hybrid four-wheel drive tractor is proposed, and formulate the torque distribution control strategy based on fuzzy control, to control the driving wheel slip rate of the Hybrid four-wheel drive tractor in the high traction efficiency operating range of the tractor. The vehicle model of the Hybrid four-wheel drive tractor is established in AVL-CRUISE software, and the torque distribution control strategy based on fuzzy control is established in MATLAB/Simulink software. The AVL-CRUISE and MATLAB/Simulink co-simulation was carried out based on the plowing condition of the tractor. The simulation results show that the torque distribution control strategy based on fuzzy control can control the driving wheel slip rate of the Hybrid four-wheel drive tractor in the high traction efficiency operating range, the power performance of the Hybrid four-wheel drive tractor is improved, while the engine runs smoothly and is always in the high-efficiency range of engine operation, and the economy is better.

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أ.م.د.رواء صالح محمد صالح and م.فراس منذر جاسم. "A comparison and an application of reliability, reliability system, hybrid reliability system functions for Rayleigh, Pareto, and Rayleigh Pareto distributions." Journal of Administration and Economics 48, no. 138 (2024): 255–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31272/jae.i138.1124.

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This study dealt with the analysis of the reliability function for hybrid systems with asymmetric components, where the operating times of these components follow Rayleigh, Pareto, and Rayleigh Pareto distributions, furthermore, we introduced a method of operation based on hybrid systems in order to increase the reliability of the machines operating times. Different simulation experiments were done to estimate the reliability function of these systems using the ML method, then a comparison was made between those estimators, the simulation results proved that the Rayleigh-Pareto distribution gives the best estimate for the reliability functions, also the estimated values for the reliability function for the hybrid parallel-series system greater than the estimated values of the reliability function for the hybrid series-parallel system, finally, the estimated reliability function values of the proposed system are better than the estimated values of the two other systems. In the application part, it was chosen the operating times for the machines of the University House for printing, publishing ,and translation in Baghdad, where the factory management depends on the system hybrid serial-parallel system to operate the factory machines, this system leads to a decrease in the reliability of the operating times of the factory machines to 50% at the first operating hour, but if the blistering hybrid system is followed, i.e. the similar machines are run in parallel, and the different machines are run in series, then the probability that the machinery system will continue to operate for four hours will be 50%.

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Rakov, Vyacheslav Alexandrovich. "FORECASTING CONDITIONS FOR EFFECTIVE OPERATION OF HYBRID VEHICLES." World of transport and technological machines 85, no. 2-1 (2024): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7432-2024-2-1(85)-99-105.

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The article provides a set of assessment methods that allow us to formulate criteria for the efficiency of hybrid cars. To predict the fuel efficiency of hybrid vehicles under given operating conditions, a theoretical calculation method is used, in which the hybrid engine is considered as a system in which energy from the gasoline engine is transmitted to the drive wheels through several energy chains. Taking into account the design features and the type of hybrid engine, energy trans-fer losses and fuel consumption are determined. As an example, the results of assessing the fuel consumption and CO2 emissions of cars with three types of hybrid engines when driving on the WLTC test cycle are presented. Based on the developed methods for assessing the operating efficiency and the method for predicting the fuel consumption of hybrid vehicles, the boundaries of their economically efficient operation were determined.

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Karlušić, Juraj, Mihael Cipek, Danijel Pavković, et al. "Simulation Models of Skidder Conventional and Hybrid Drive." Forests 11, no. 9 (2020): 921. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11090921.

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The paper presents a hypothetical conversion of a conventional cable skidder powertrain to its hybrid version. Simulations of skidder operation were made for two existing forest paths, based on the technical characteristics of the engine, transmission system and the characteristics of the winch. Fuel and time consumption were calculated per working cycle considering the operating conditions (slope, load mass). The model was then converted to a hybrid version by adding a battery energy storage system in parallel with the electrical power generator and by employing an energy management control strategy. The dimensions of the battery and the power generator were chosen based on the characteristics of the existing winch with the aim of completely taking over its operation. The management strategy was selected using the specific fuel consumption map. All simulations were repeated for the hybrid drive under the same operating conditions. The results show that fuel savings of around 13% can be achieved with the selected hybrid drive and steering strategy.

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Akroot, Abdulrazzak. "Effect of Operating Temperatures on the Performance of a SOFCGT Hybrid System." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-3, Issue-3 (2019): 1512–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd23412.

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Prasad, Prakash S., and Akhilesh R. Upadhyay. "Design of Hybrid Kernel and the Performance Improvement of the Operating System." International Journal of Engineering and Technology 4, no. 2 (2012): 162–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijet.2012.v4.340.

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Zhang, Chenjun, Hanqi Li, Xi Zhang, Man Shen, and Xu Jin. "The Performance Evaluation of a Hybrid System Combining an Alkaline Fuel Cell with an Inhomogeneous Thermoelectric Generator." Energies 17, no. 9 (2024): 2066. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17092066.

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To harness the full potential of the exhaust heat produced by an alkaline fuel cell (AFC), a novel coupling system that combines an AFC with an inhomogeneous thermoelectric generator (ITEG) is proposed. Detailed models of both the AFC and ITEG are developed, accounting for various irreversible losses. Following model validations, mathematical expressions for the power output density (POD) and energy efficiency (EE) of the hybrid system are derived. Though performance comparisons, the hybrid system’s effectiveness and competitiveness are demonstrated. Our calculation results reveal that the hybrid system achieves a 31.19% increase in its maximum POD and 54.61% improvement in its corresponding EE compared to that of the standalone AFC. Furthermore, numerous parametric studies are conducted. Some findings indicate that the POD of the hybrid system can be improved by elevating the operating temperature of the AFC and the environmental temperature, and that it can be optimized using the geometric characteristics of an ITEG. However, the EE of the hybrid system gains improvement via increasing the operating temperature of the AFC or decreasing both the environmental temperature and geometric characteristics of the ITEG. Additionally, the coefficient of the spatial inhomogeneity of the ITEG determines the optimal operating current density of the AFC. These insights offer valuable guidance for the integration and operation of practical hybrid systems.

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Bryakin, Ivan V., Igor V. Bochkarev, Vadim R. Khramshin, and Vadim R. Gasiyarov. "Hybrid Vibration Sensor for Equipment Monitoring and Diagnostics." Sensors 24, no. 11 (2024): 3535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24113535.

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Vibration diagnostics based on vibroacoustic signal data belong to the most common ways to monitor the technical condition of equipment and technical structures. The paper considers the general issues of vibration-based diagnostics and shows that in general, it is required to monitor both axial and torsional oscillations, as well as the inclination angle, occurring during the operation of various technical objects. To comprehensively monitor these parameters, a hybrid vibration sensor is proposed, simultaneously implementing three operating modes: recording linear displacements of the vibrating object; recording the rotation angle of the object at its torsional oscillations; recording the object angular deviation from the vertical component of the natural local geomagnetic field, i.e., the inclinometer mode. The proposed hybrid sensor design is described, and a theoretical analysis of the sensor’s operation in each of the aforementioned operating modes is performed. The authors show that in the inclinometer mode the sensor actually operates as a fluxgate meter. Generalizing the results of the sensor’s operation simultaneously in all three operating modes, an equation for the total output data signal has been obtained, which allows for obtaining the required information on the current values of linear displacements and rotation and inclination angles by selectively filtering it with respective three filters tuned to specific frequencies. The experimental studies of the proposed hybrid vibration sensor confirmed its ability to record various vibrational disturbances and changes in the inclination angle of the monitored object.

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XIONG, XIAOLING, CHI K. TSE, and XINBO RUAN. "SMOOTH AND NONSMOOTH BIFURCATIONS IN MULTI-STRUCTURE MULTI-OPERATING-MODE HYBRID POWER SYSTEMS." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 23, no. 05 (2013): 1350094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127413500946.

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Hybrid renewable power generation systems have been developed rapidly in recent years. Due to the inherent fluctuation of availability of energy from renewable sources, systems that are designed to capture energy from such sources and deliver it in loads have to cope with the difficult challenges of maintaining stability under all possible operating conditions. As a result, the structures and operating modes of such hybrid systems are inherently time-varying. Due to their multiple structures and operating-modes, hybrid systems have rather complex dynamic behavior and the design for stable operation requires thorough consideration of the effects of variation in parameters on the operating modes and corresponding stability statuses. This paper presents a formal system description for such systems and a general procedure for analyzing the change of dynamical behavior under parameter variations (i.e. bifurcation) of this kind of systems. A hybrid power system consisting of dual-input buck converters is taken as an example for illustrating the possible complex behavior. We reveal smooth and nonsmooth bifurcation phenomena in this system. Under certain conditions, nonsmooth bifurcations have been observed and verified with full-circuit simulations. Moreover, a detailed analysis based on an averaged model is performed to identify two specific types of bifurcation and evaluate the stability boundaries of the system.

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Kadam, Serdar, Wolfgang Hofbauer, Stefan Lais, et al. "Hybridization of a RoR HPP with a BESS—The XFLEX HYDRO Vogelgrun Demonstrator." Energies 16, no. 13 (2023): 5074. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16135074.

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In the XFLEX HYDRO Vogelgrun demonstrator, a run-of-river hydropower plant, the hybridization of one turbine-generator unit with a battery energy storage system is being investigated. This paper describes the integration methodology of the hybrid control algorithm without replacing the existing speed governor of the unit. Furthermore, the comparison of the performances of a non-hybrid and hybrid unit is discussed, and first experiences gained during the operation and monitoring of the hybrid operating mode are presented.

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Abramkina, D. "JUSTIFICATION OF HYBRID VENTILATION SYSTEMS OPERATING BOUNDARIES." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 7, no. 2 (2022): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2021-7-2-38-46.

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The paper presents the results of a theoretical study of existing terms of hybrid ventilation. A classification of hybrid ventilation strategies has been drawn up: concurrent and changeover operations. Concurrent operation includes the sharing of mechanical and natural ventilation systems, for example, in the case of natural inlet and the removal of contaminated air from the room by axial roof fans; mechanical systems, equipped with low-pressure fans, used in conjunction with technologies aimed at increasing natural pressure (heat and wind inducement). Changeover operation includes seasonal work, night cooling and local alternating work. The analysis of climatic characteristics based on data from meteorological station 27612 (Moscow, VDNH) shows that the average temperature of outdoor air exceeds the requirement temperature for natural ventilation calculations for most of the year. Annual average air exchange factors for the period 2016-2020 are less than 50 %, which proves the need for a seasonal hybrid ventilation system. Based on the calculation of average monthly air exchange factors, the mechanical inducement is recommended from March to November.

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Aljuboori, Zaid. "Optimal design of neurosurgical hybrid operating room." Surgical Neurology International 12 (May 17, 2021): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/sni_281_2021.

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Puprasert, Chaiyaporn, Vorasiri Siangsanung, Christelle Guigui, Céline Levecq, and Gilles Hébrard. "Hybrid hydrocyclone process operating with natural water." Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification 61 (November 2012): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2012.07.001.

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Clark, Allison, Michaela K. Farber, Hans Sviggum, and William Camann. "Cesarean Delivery in the Hybrid Operating Suite." Anesthesia & Analgesia 117, no. 5 (2013): 1187–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ane.0b013e3182a00aff.

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Clark, A., M. K. Farber, H. Sviggum, and W. Camann. "Cesarean Delivery in the Hybrid Operating Suite." Obstetric Anesthesia Digest 34, no. 4 (2014): 230–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.aoa.0000455603.46651.98.

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Mohit, Singh, and G. Shobha. "Comparative Analysis of Hybrid Mobile App Development Frameworks." International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering (IJSCE) 10, no. 6 (2021): 21–26. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijsce.F3518.0710621.

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With the rise of mobile devices and their usage, a lot of development has been made in terms of the development of applications for mobile devices. Traditionally, app development was restricted to the particular operating system, and a separate codebase was required for applications to be developed for multiple operating systems. A new paradigm of development took place in recent years which was of Hybrid app development, leading to the development of multiple frameworks which allowed for a single codebase to be used for multiple operating systems. This paper explores the features and analysis of different hybrid app development frameworks available in the market. A comprehensive analysis has been made to compare the different frameworks which are cross-platform and support web, Android, and iOS platforms. The analysis shows that all the frameworks have their merits and usage of anyone framework over others can vary from case-to-case basis. The detailed analysis of the features will bring a general conclusion over the choice of framework.

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Ren, Yan, Linmao Ren, Kai Zhang, Dong Liu, Xianhe Yao, and Huawei Li. "Research on the Operational Strategy of the Hybrid Wind/PV/Small-Hydropower/Facility-Agriculture System Based on a Microgrid." Energies 15, no. 7 (2022): 2466. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15072466.

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The use of renewable energy sources, such as wind, photovoltaics (PV), and hydropower, to supply facility agriculture may effectively mitigate food and environmental pollution problems and ensure continuity of the energy supply. The operating conditions of a hybrid system are complex, so the operating strategy is very important for system configuration and scheduling purposes. In the current study, first, a hybrid wind/PV/small-hydropower/facility-agricultural system was constructed. Then, the chaotic particle swarm method was applied to optimize hybrid system operation, and a scheduling strategy of the hybrid system was proposed. Finally, combined with an example, according to wind and PV power output and load curves, supply-to-load curves for wind, PV, and small hydropower were obtained. The operational strategy proposed in this study maximizes the utilization of wind and solar resources and rationally allocates hydropower resources. The aforementioned operational strategy provides a basis for hybrid system capacity allocation and scheduling.

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Li, Song, Yali Zhang, and Jiahong Xun. "Studies on the hybrid model and flow characteristics in vanadium redox flow battery." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 3031, no. 1 (2025): 012007. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3031/1/012007.

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Abstract To improve the operating efficiency of vanadium redox flow battery (VRB), this paper considers the effects of electrolyte flow rate and charge-discharge current on the VRB operation state. By coupling the equivalent loss model, the electrochemical model, and the pump loss model to establish a hybrid model for VRB. Through simulation analysis of the established model, obtain the influence rules of electrolyte flow rate and current change on VRB operating efficiency, thereby obtaining the optimal flow rate corresponding to currents of different sizes that maximizes operating efficiency. Real-time control of the electrolyte flow rate based on the size of the current can improve operating efficiency.

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Tyagunov, Mikhail G., and Razhidin P. Sheverdiev. "Models and Methods for Studying Factors Influencing the Performance of a Hybrid Guaranteed Power Supply Complex." Vestnik MEI, no. 5 (2021): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.24160/1993-6982-2021-5-58-68.

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The aim of the work is to study the factors influencing the composition, parameters, and operation modes of a hybrid energy complex intended for providing guaranteed power supply to consumers located in isolated and hard-to-reach areas. The article presents mathematical models of the operating modes of power installations based on renewable energy sources as part of a hybrid energy complex involving parallel operation of different types of energy storage units, with taking into account the lifecycle, technical and process features of their functioning in isolated power systems. A 3D model of the hybrid energy complex has been developed, using which its performance can be studied under operating conditions close to real ones. In addition, a methodology of applying the model in solving design problems concerned with substantiating the parameters of isolated systems supplying power to consumers in hard-to-reach areas has been elaborated.

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Savoulides, N., K. S. Breuer, S. Jacobson, and F. F. Ehrich. "Low-Order Models for Very Short Hybrid Gas Bearings." Journal of Tribology 123, no. 2 (2000): 368–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1308000.

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A low-order model was created to analyze a small-scale gas bearing with a diameter of 4.1 mm, designed to spin at 2.4 million rpm. Due to microfabrication constraints, the bearing lies outside the standard operating space and stable operation is a challenge. The model is constructed by reference to Newton’s second law for the rotor and employs stiffness and damping coefficients predicted by other models. At any operating point it is able to predict (1) whether the journal can sustain stable operation, and (2) the whirling frequency of the journal. Analysis shows that the best way to operate the bearing is in a hybrid mode where the bearing relies on hydrostatics at low speeds and hydrodynamics at high speeds. However, in transitioning from hydrostatic to hydrodynamic operation, the model shows that the bearing is prone to instability problems and great care must be taken in scheduling the bearing pressurization system in the course of accelerating through low and intermediate rotational speeds.

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Madhulika, Dewangan, Rizvi Tanu, and Bhonsle Devanand. "Enhancing grid-connected hybrid PV-Wind systems: A comprehensive review." i-manager’s Journal on Electrical Engineering 16, no. 4 (2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jee.16.4.19443.

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The ability to convert energy from one form to another is essential for both survival and the advancement of society. Wind and solar energy represent the most abundant and widely accessible renewable energy sources globally. It offers significant potential for sustainable power generation and reducing dependence on fossil fuels. Because of the tremendous advancements in power electronic systems in recent years, the output of electricity from wind and photovoltaic energy sources has expanded dramatically. The nonlinear programming (NLP) optimization method was used to determine the maximum electrical efficiency of the grid-connected SOFC subject to the constraints of fuel utilization factor, stack temperature, and output active power based on the benchmark Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) dynamic model for power system studies and the analysis of the SOFC operating conditions. By solving the NLP issue with the power required by the air compressor, the optimal operating conditions of the grid-connected SOFC were determined. With the optimal SOFC operating conditions for maximum efficiency operation obtained at different active power output levels, a hierarchical load tracking control scheme for the grid-connected SOFC was proposed to have maximum electrical efficiency operation while keeping the stack temperature bounded.

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Zhao, Xiu Guo, Xin Xi Xu, Fu Niu, Zhi Guo Liu, Hui Jie Wang, and Xu Dong Ren. "Consideration of Planning a Mobile Hybrid Operating Room." Applied Mechanics and Materials 496-500 (January 2014): 2756–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.496-500.2756.

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Mobile operating room plays a very important role in treating patients in natural disasters such as earthquake and tsunami. However, development of surgical technology in the 21st century provides the opportunity for constructing a mobile operating room, which is also increasingly dependent on demonstrating safety, efficacy and cost effectiveness. Success in planning an efficiently mobile hybrid operating room many factors must be considered including pace limited, workflow, protocols, equipment and ergonomics. This paper will present several considerations of setting up a mobile hybrid operating room.

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Prajzendanc, Pawel, Ryszard Palka, Piotr Paplicki, et al. "Improving the Efficiency of the Axial Flux Machine with Hybrid Excitation." Electronics 13, no. 11 (2024): 2219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13112219.

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This paper discusses the construction and operating principle of an axial flux electric machine with hybrid excitation. Based on computer simulations using the Finite Element Method, an analysis was conducted with changes in the geometry of the magnetic circuit, which involves the rotation of the rotor disks relative to each other on the operating parameters of the machine. Both the generator state of operation, in the meaning of analyzing the induced voltage (adjustment at −11% ÷ +64%) and the cogging torque, and the motor state of operation, in the meaning of analyzing the ripple of the electromagnetic torque (possible reduction by almost 30%), were examined. The article concludes with observations on how the change in the angle of the rotor disks affects the efficiency of the disk machine with axial flux and hybrid excitation.

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Ryan, Stephen G., Jennifer W. Tucker, and Paul A. Zarowin. "Classification and Market Pricing of the Cash Flows and Accruals on Trading Positions." Accounting Review 81, no. 2 (2006): 443–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr.2006.81.2.443.

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Despite the classification of the cash flows on trading positions as operating under SFAS No. 102, trading is economically a hybrid operating/non-operating activity. Reflecting this hybrid nature, we hypothesize and find that the change in net trading assets has a less positive association with returns and future CFO than do the pure operating components of cash flows and accruals, and it has a more positive association with returns and future CFO than do the pure non-operating components of cash flows. Our paper is the first to propose and test hypotheses about the valuation implications of such hybrid cash flows and accruals.

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Du, Ai Min, and Da Jin Xu. "Dynamic Analysis and Various Mode Strategy Comparisons of the Two-Mode Hybrid Transmission." Key Engineering Materials 584 (September 2013): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.584.92.

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In 2007, a new hybrid electric vehicle was released by General Motor, which is called as Two-mode hybrid electric vehicle. The two-mode hybrid car is famous for its hybrid transmission, which contains two electric motors/generators, three planetary gear sets and four controlled clutches, and allows six different operation modes: two electrically variable transmission modes and four fixed-gear modes [. This paper analyzes the operating condition of the electric machines (Motors/generators) in each mode. And then, it presents three mode selection strategies in order to make a comparison of them.

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Can, Erol. "A Common Capacitor Hybrid Buck-Boost Converter." Jordan Journal of Electrical Engineering 9, no. 1 (2023): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/jjee.204-1666615450.

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DC-DC converters are electronic circuit elements that are frequently used to change the direct current (DC) level. This paper presents a hybrid buck-boost converter - with constant modulation index - that can change a DC voltage at two directions compared to the conventional buck-boost DC-DC converters. First, the circuit structure and operation are given. Then, the performance of the proposed converter is tested on resistive and inductive loads, and compared with that of conventional buck-boost converters. The obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed converter. They unveil that the proposed converter - compared to the conventional buck-boost converters – produces a higher and flexible rate of conversion without changing the operating ratio of the switches. Moreover, the proposed converter is able to change the voltage on double way on load for a constant operating ratio, while the traditional converters provide a one-way conversion.

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Di Maria, Francesco, and Federico Sisani. "Effectiveness of municipal solid waste incinerators in replacing other fuels. A primary energy balance approach for the EU28." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 36, no. 10 (2018): 942–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x18785737.

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The latest European Union legislation introduced the possibility of considering high efficiency incineration of waste as a recovery operation, that is, to use waste as a means of producing energy and hence able to replace other fuels. This possibility has been further investigated by expanding the boundaries for the mass and energy balance of municipal solid waste incinerators operating in the EU28. An energetic analysis based on a hybrid primary energy (MJ Mg-1) approach was performed also using the cumulative energy demand index. Average results showed a net hybrid primary energy >0 for those municipal solid waste incinerators recovering only electricity, indicating that no primary energies can be replaced. For those operating in combined heat and power mode, an average hybrid primary energy ranging from about −200 MJ Mg-1 to about −4800 MJ Mg-1 was detected for large-size municipal solid waste incineration facilities (>200,000 Mg y-1). The value of hybrid primary energy for medium and small facilities ranged from about +3000 MJ Mg-1 to −4000 MJ Mg-1. Furthermore, in some operating conditions landfill had a lower hybrid primary energy than those of small-size municipal solid waste incinerators. To some degree, these results are not in agreement with the classification of municipal solid waste incinerators based on the energy efficiency formula, particularly for those recovering only electrical energy.

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Cameretti, Maria Cristina, Antonino Pontecorvo, and Raffaele Tuccillo. "Performance and Combustion Analysis of a Micro Gas Turbine–Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Hybrid System." Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology 4, no. 4 (2006): 459–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2756572.

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An integrated methodology aims at estimation of the actual possibility of operating an hybrid system based on a solid oxide fuel cell and a micro gas turbine, by paying special attention to the adaptation of the rotating and stationary components to the off-design conditions. The method leads to the definition of the operating space of the hybrid system, thus allowing detection of optimal choices for an efficient part-load operation. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based analysis of the combustion chamber is addressed to the verification of the response of this component when employed as an afterburner of the residual species from the fuel cell.

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Burmakina, M. D., V. Yu Cherebillo, A. V. Sergeev, and B. A. Kachanov. "Intraoperative diagnostics for cerebral aneurysm microsurgery in a hybrid operating room." Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery), no. 10 (October 17, 2024): 1234–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2410-07.

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Intraoperative diagnostics in microsurgery for cerebral aneurysms allows for timely identification and prevention of potential complications. Commonly accepted intraoperative diagnostic methods, such as indocyanine green videoangiography and microvascular doppler ultrasound, are minimally invasive techniques routinely used in aneurysm surgery. CTA and cerebral angiography, which can be applied intraoperatively in a hybrid operating room, are used less frequently and require further study. Purpose. То study intraoperative cerebral angiography and CTA in a hybrid operating room during microsurgery for cerebral aneurysms. Materials and methods. Surgical treatment was performed in a hybrid operating room. The hybrid operating room is equipped with a radiolucent operating table, a robotic angiographic system that allows for a transition to the endovascular surgery stage without compromising sterility, and an intelligent positioning system for the robotic C-arm. The hybrid operating room equipment makes it possible to perform two-dimensional CAG, 3D angiography, and flat-detector CT angiography intraoperatively. During the reporting period, there were 23 microsurgeries for intracranial aneurysms in the hybrid operating room. Results. According to the results of intraoperative flat-detector CT angiography, the position of the clips was satisfactory in 15 patients after microsurgical clipping of cerebral aneurysms. In these cases, radical exclusion of the aneurysm from the bloodstream and the absence of functionally significant stenoses of the aneurysm-carrying arteries and adjacent perforating vessels were diagnosed. In 2 patients (8.7 % of cases), incomplete clipping of the neck of the aneurysm was detected. Conclusions. CTA and cerebral angiography have greater diagnostic value compared to indocyanine green videoangiography and microvascular doppler ultrasound. The hybrid operating room allows for the use of CTA and cerebral angiography intraoperatively, which helps in identifying residual parts of aneurysms, stenoses, and occlusions of functionally important brain vessels at early stages and preventing acute ischemia and hemorrhagic complications.

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Veerashekar, Kishan, Halil Askan, and Matthias Luther. "Qualitative and Quantitative Transient Stability Assessment of Stand-Alone Hybrid Microgrids in a Cluster Environment." Energies 13, no. 5 (2020): 1286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13051286.

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Neighboring stand-alone hybrid microgrids with diesel generators (DGs) as well as grid-feeding photovoltaics (PV) and grid-forming battery storage systems (BSS) can be coupled to reduce fuel costs and emissions as well as to enhance the security of supply. In contrast to the research in control and small-signal rotor angle stability of microgrids, there is a significant lack of knowledge regarding the transient stability of off-grid hybrid microgrids in a cluster environment. Therefore, the large-signal rotor angle stability of pooled microgrids was assessed qualitatively and also quantitatively in this research work. Quantitative transient stability assessment (TSA) was carried out with the help of the—recently developed and validated—micro-hybrid method by combining time-domain simulations and transient energy function analyses. For this purpose, three realistic dynamic microgrids were modelled regarding three operating modes (island, interconnection, and cluster) as well as the conventional scenario “classical” and four hybrid scenarios (“storage”, “sun”, “sun & storage”, and “night”) regarding different instants of time on a tropical partly sunny day. It can be inferred that, coupling hybrid microgrids is feasible from the voltage, frequency, and also transient stability point of view. However, the risk of large-signal rotor angle instability in pooled microgrids is relatively higher than in islanded microgrids. Along with critical clearing times, new stability-related indicators such as system stability degree and corrected critical clearing times should be taken into account in the planning phase and in the operation of microgrids. In principle, a general conclusion concerning the best operating mode and scenario of the investigated microgrids cannot be drawn. TSA of pooled hybrid microgrids should be performed—on a regular basis especially in the grid operation—for different loading conditions, tie-line power flows, topologies, operating modes, and scenarios.

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Shen, S. C., Y. S. Tsuei, W. H. Chen, and C. C. Shen. "Hybrid surgery for dural arteriovenous fistula in the neurosurgical hybrid operating suite." Case Reports 2014, jan23 1 (2014): bcr2013011060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2013-011060.

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Shen, Shih-Chieh, Yuang-Seng Tsuei, Wen-Hsien Chen, and Chiung-Chyi Shen. "Hybrid surgery for dural arteriovenous fistula in the neurosurgical hybrid operating suite." Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery 7, no. 2 (2014): e6-e6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/neurintsurg-2013-011060.rep.

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Beatrice, C., C. Capasso, S. Doulgeris, Z. Samaras, and O. Veneri. "Hybrid storage system management for hybrid electric vehicles under real operating conditions." Applied Energy 354 (January 2024): 122170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.122170.

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Svensson, Annika M., Claes-Göran Östenson, Birgitta Bodin, and Leif Jansson. "Lack of compensatory increase in islet blood flow and islet mass in GK rats following 60% partial pancreatectomy." Journal of Endocrinology 184, no. 2 (2005): 319–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.1.05676.

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The effects of a 60% partial pancreatectomy were studied in hyperglycemic GK (Goto–Kakizaki) rats. Partial pancreatectomy or a sham operation was performed on 12-week-old female Wistar rats, GK rats or hybrids between male GK rats and female Wistar rats. Measurements of pancreatic blood flow and islet blood flow were performed by a microsphere technique 2 weeks after surgery. Glucose tolerance was decreased in hybrid compared with Wistar rats, and in GK rats compared with both hybrid and Wistar rats before surgery. Partial pancreatectomy induced minor changes in glucose tolerance. Wistar rats had a decreased islet mass following partial pancreatectomy. Both hybrid and GK rats showed a significant decrease in relative islet volume, but only GK rats in total islet mass, compared with Wistar rats 2 weeks after surgery. Pancreatic blood flow and islet blood flow did not significantly differ between sham-operated Wistar, hybrid or GK rats. After partial pancreatectomy, islet blood flow in relation to islet mass increased 3-fold in Wistar rats and 2-fold in hybrid rats. In contrast, GK rats showed no increase in islet blood flow following partial pancreatectomy. It is concluded that compensatory mechanisms after partial pancreatectomy are operating less effciently in hybrid and GK rats.

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PIELECHA, Ireneusz, Wojciech CIEŚLIK, and Kinga FLUDER. "Analysis of energy management strategies for hybrid electric vehicles in urban driving conditions." Combustion Engines 173, no. 2 (2018): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2018-203.

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The pursuit of fuel consumption reduction by vehicles leads to a sudden increase in the share of hybrid and electric drives in the vehicle market. Replacing hybrid vehicles with electric vehicles requires long-term technological solutions, both for the infrastructure and the vehicles themselves. Therefore, one of the leading types of passenger car drives is currently the hybrid drive. The generated work share of electric drives used to power hybrid vehicles is a determinant of the viability of using electric drives. The article estimates the operating time share of electric and hybrid modes operation in real driving conditions (RDC) based on the latest Toyota hybrid model. The research object was a vehicle from the crossover group equipped with a fourth generation hybrid drive. Analysis of the drives operation allowed to determine the conditions of energy flow and determine the work share of the electric drive in the total driving time.

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Sergeev, A. V., V. Yu Cherebillo, A. V. Savello, and F. A. Chemurzieva. "Surgical treatment of cerebrovascular diseases in a hybrid operating room." Russian journal of neurosurgery 24, no. 4 (2022): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/1683-3295-2022-24-4-12-21.

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Background. Surgical treatment of complex neurovascular pathology remains an important problem requiring use of a combination of various techniques. Utilization of a hybrid operating room allows to simultaneously or sequentially combine microsurgical and endovascular surgical methods which can improve treatment outcomes.Aim. To improve surgical treatment of patients with cerebrovascular pathology by utilizing the capabilities of a hybrid operating room.Materials and methods. Surgical interventions were performed in a hybrid operating room with a combination of endovascular and microsurgical methods for treating the following cerebrovascular pathologies: complex dural fistulas, complex aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations. The type of surgical intervention – hybrid, combined, staged – was chosen in accordance with the nature of the pathology.Results. In 5 years, 41 patients underwent surgery in the hybrid operating room. Among them, 33 patients had arteriovenous malformations, 6 had complex aneurysms, 2 had complex dural fistulas. Combination interventions were performed in 27 patients, staged – in 12, hybrid – in 2. According to the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) the following outcomes were observed: no complications in cases of complex aneurysms (6 patients) – mRS 0 (points), as well as in cases of dural fistulas (2 patients) – mRS 0 (points); in arteriovenous malformation, 30 patients did not have any complications – mRS 0; 3 patients had complications (of different types) – mRS 1.Conclusions. The combination of microsurgical and endovascular methods of treatment in a hybrid operating room allows to combine the positive features of the two methods in accordance with surgical needs which improves the outcomes of neurosurgical interventions in complex neurovascular pathology.

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Zhang, Han, Jibin Yang, Jiye Zhang, Pengyun Song, and Ming Li. "Optimal energy management of a fuel cell-battery-supercapacitor-powered hybrid tramway using a multi-objective approach." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit 234, no. 5 (2019): 511–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954409719849804.

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Achieving an optimal operating cost is a challenge for the development of hybrid tramways. In the past few years, in addition to fuel costs, the lifespan of the power source is being increasingly considered as an important factor that influences the operating cost of a tramway. In this work, an optimal energy management strategy based on a multi-mode strategy and optimisation algorithm is described for a high-power fuel cell hybrid tramway. The objective of optimisation is to decrease the operating costs under the conditions of guaranteeing tramway performance. Besides the fuel costs, the replacement cost and initial investment of all power units are also considered in the cost model, which is expressed in economic terms. Using two optimisation algorithms, a multi-population genetic algorithm and an artificial fish swarm algorithm, the hybrid system's power targets for the energy management strategy were acquired using the multi-objective optimisation. The selected case study includes a low-floor light rail vehicle, and experimental validations were performed using a hardware-in-the-loop workbench. The results testify that an optimised energy management strategy can fulfil the operational requirements, reduce the daily operation costs and improve the efficiency of the fuel cell system for a hybrid tramway.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Hybrid operating'

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