Relevant bibliographies by topics / Hybrid yarn

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Hybrid yarn'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Hybrid yarn"

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Kang, Bok Choon, K. H. Min, Y. H. Lee, Beong Bok Hwang, and Chathura Nalendra Herath. "Microscopic Evaluation of Commingling-Hybrid Yarns." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 992–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.992.

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Fibers made of elements such as carbon, aramid and glass have higher mechanical properties than other conventional textile fibers and they enable the production of light weight composites as end products. Furthermore, commingling hybrid yarns generally have a characteristic feature so that their components are distributed homogeneously enough over the yarn cross section. A normal air texturerising machine was modified to produce commingling hybrid yarns for test samples. Different process parameters were applied to produce the hybridized yarn samples. However, these process parameters turned out to have little effect on the filament distribution over the hybrid yarn cross section in terms of homogeneity. The analysis in this paper is focused on the pattern of mixing of filaments over a cross section of hybrid yarns according to different combinations of reinforcement and matrix filament yarns through microscopic view. The volume content of filament in hybrid yarn cross section was maintained at 50% for both reinforced and matrix, and the hybrid yarns count at 600 tex throughout experiments. It was concluded from the experiments that the diameters of reinforcement and matrix filaments have strong effects on the pattern of mixing of filaments over a cross section of hybrid yarns such that the hybrid yarns with more or less equal diameters of reinforcement and matrix filaments showed considerably even distributions over the hybrid yarn cross section.
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Korkmaz Memiş, Nazife, Gizem Kayabaşı, and Demet Yılmaz. "Development of a novel hybrid yarn production process for functional textile products." Journal of Industrial Textiles 48, no. 9 (March 25, 2018): 1462–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083718766847.

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In this study, an innovative method consisting of electrospinning and conventional textile production techniques was built up to produce hybrid yarns enabling the production of functional textile products. The principle of the developed method is to open the twist of spun yarn, make this fibre bundle conductive for use as a collector, collect the electrospun nanofibres onto the conductive opened fibre bundle and finally twist this structure to produce hybrid yarn. To determine the feasibility of the developed method, surface morphology, chemical composition, coating features and tensile properties of the hybrid yarns were compared with that of the pure yarn and nanofibre-coated yarns produced without untwisting and retwisting processes. Test results demonstrated that untwisting process in hybrid production method provided the application of nanofibres interior structure of the spun yarn while retwisting process made integration of classical textile fibres and nanofibres together and hence locking the obtained yarn structure effectively. Thanks to the integrated structure, it was successful to get the yarn have the required tensile properties for weaving, knitting and other processes. Three minutes was determined as the optimum coating time for the effective nanofibre deposition and tensile properties. Summing up the results, it was believed that the method helps to benefit from the special properties of nanofibres for the functional yarn production together with durability and higher tensile properties of the spun yarns for larger usage areas. The presented findings could encourage the researchers to commercialize the method in order to get nanofibre-coated functional yarns.
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Mirdehghan, Abolfazl, Hooshang Nosraty, Mahmood M. Shokrieh, and Mehdi Akhbari. "The structural and tensile properties of glass/polyester co-wrapped hybrid yarns." Journal of Industrial Textiles 47, no. 8 (June 26, 2017): 1979–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083717716166.

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This research describes the structural and tensile properties of glass/polyester hybrid yarns produced by co-wrapped and side-by-side technologies. Based on co-wrapping technology, the hybrid yarn is composed of polyester and glass fibers as shell and core structure, respectively. In order to produce this type of yarn, a new machine was designed and manufactured to investigate the influence of linear densities (16, 50.67, and 67.11 tex) and wrapping densities (115, 180, and 230 turns/m) of polyester fibers. It was found that the linear and wrapping densities have a significant effect on the structural and tensile properties of the final hybrid yarn. In order to compare, another type of hybrid yarn was also been investigated by hybridization of glass and polyester fibers (16, 50.67, and 67.11 tex) via side-by-side method. In comparison with the side-by-side and single glass yarns, the co-wrapped yarns have higher breaking load and tenacity due to the lateral compression force of the wrapped filament. The results show a 62% increase in breaking load of co-wrapped hybrid yarns in comparison with the side-by-side and single glass yarns.
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Hasan, Mir Mohammad Badrul, Martin Hengstermann, Rebekka Dilo, Anwar Abdkader, and Chokri Cherif. "Investigations on the Manufacturing and Mechanical Properties of Spun Yarns Made from Staple CF for Thermoset Composites." Autex Research Journal 17, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 395–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aut-2016-0034.

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Abstract This article reports the results of investigations carried out to produce yarns consisting of staple carbon fiber (CF) obtained from process waste for the manufacturing of composites suitable especially for thermoset applications. For this purpose, a comparative analysis is done on processability between 100% staple CF and 60 weight% staple CF mixed with 40 weight% PVA fibers in carding, drawing and spinning process. The hybrid yarns are produced by varying twist level. The PVA fibers of the hybrid yarn are then dissolved using hot water treatment. The mechanical properties of yarns consisting of 100% staple CF and hybrid yarns consisting of staple CF and PVA before and after hot water treatment are investigated. Furthermore, test specimen is also prepared by impregnating 100% staple CF yarn and the hybrid yarns (after the dissolving of PVA) with epoxy resin. The results of the tensile test of the yarns in consolidated state reveals that the hybrid yarn produced with 80 T/m after hot water treatment exhibits approximately 75% of the tensile strength of virgin filament tow, and it is expected that the hybrid yarns can be applied for the manufacturing of thermoset based composites for load bearing structures.
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Yilmaz, Berrin. "ARAMID–NYLON 6.6 HYBRID CORDS AND INVESTIGATION OF THEIR PROPERTIES." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 85, no. 2 (June 1, 2012): 180–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/rct.12.88970.

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Abstract Hybrid cords of two different polyamide yarns, poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide; aramid) and poly(hexamethylene adipamide; nylon 6.6) have been investigated. Aramid is a high-tenacity, high-modulus, low-elongation, and thermally stable yarn material. Nylon 6.6 is a high-elongation, low-modulus, high-fatigue-resistant, and good adhering synthetic yarn. The combination of these two different synthetic yarns enables hybrid cords with a diversified range of mechanical properties. The hybrid cord product property diversification is achieved by proper combination of different cord-forming properties of individual plies, such as linear densities, twist levels, ply numbers, treating conditions, and so forth. The effect of linear densities, twist level of plies, and twist level of cabled cord and ply number on the cord properties and also cord performance have been summarized. Aramid yarn having an 1100 linear density has been combined with nylon 6.6 yarn with a different linear density, ranging from 940 to 2100, to form hybrid cord structures. Twisting of aramid and nylon 6.6 yarns has been kept between 150 and 450 twists per meter, while the ply number of aramid and nylon 6.6 yarns has been varied as one and two plies by keeping the total ply number of the cord as three.
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Herath, Chathura Nalendra, Bok Choon Kang, Jong Kwang Park, Yong Hwang Roh, and Beong Bok Hwang. "Breaking Elongation Properties of Hybrid Yarns by Commingling Process." Materials Science Forum 532-533 (December 2006): 337–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.532-533.337.

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This paper is concerned the breaking elongation properties of Carbon/Aramid-, Carbon/Glass- and Aramid/Glass- matrix hybridized commingling yarns. The hybrid yarns produced by commingling process were investigated in terms of breaking elongation property. In experiments, carbon (CF), aramid (AF), and glass (GF) filament yarns were combined. In this study, selected matrix materials include Polyether-ether-Keeton (PEEK), and polyester (PES), or polypropylene (PP). The volume content of filament in hybrid yarn cross section was maintained at 50% for both reinforced and matrix, ant hybrid yarns count at 600 tex, respectively. The reinforcement to matrix filament combination was selected as 1:1 proportion. The effect of different air pressures and material combinations was investigated in terms of breaking elongation. In experiments, each type of hybrid yarn sample has been tested 20 times at the testing speed of 10mm/min. under 3 bar of yarn clamping pressure. Since breaking elongation is one of most important properties in textile fiber, it was examined closely with reference to the first breaking point of commingling-hybrid yarns. It was concluded from experiments that hybrid yarns with higher breaking elongation and higher tensile strength tend to show better force-elongation relationship. It was also known from experiments that the combination of two reinforcement filament yarns gives always much better results than a single reinforcement filament yarns in terms of elongation property. GF/AF/matrix is shown very much better elongation properties. PP and PES gives higher elongation than PEEK as a matrix material.
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Tunák, Maroš, Veronika Tunáková, Martin Schindler, and Jiří Procházka. "Spatial arrangement of stainless steel fibers within hybrid yarns designed for electromagnetic shielding." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 10 (July 3, 2018): 2019–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517518783354.

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Yarns containing textile fibers and fine metal fibers in their structure are often used to produce electrically conductive fabrics. The blending quality of the fiber components in a yarn significantly affects the properties of the yarn and the produced fabric. Therefore, the arrangement of metal fibers in yarn structures needs to be analyzed, which can be done using image analysis and spatial statistics methods. One of the aims of this paper is to introduce a suitable methodology for obtaining adequate cross-sections of a yarn containing metal fibers that would allow the usage of objective image analysis methods to identify the component fibers for subsequent evaluation of spatial arrangement. In this paper, an algorithm for the objective segmentation of the component fibers in a yarn cross-section is proposed, and a methodology for evaluating the spatial arrangement of fibers using spatial statistics data is presented. The second aim is to study the specific arrangement of the fibers in hybrid yarns containing 20 wt% of a conductive component, more precisely extremely thin discrete stainless steel fibers, by the proposed methodology. Based on the results, it is concluded that the metal fibers in the cross-sections of this hybrid yarn are randomly arranged.
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Wu, Liwei, Wei Wang, Qian Jiang, Chunjie Xiang, and Ching-Wen Lou. "Mechanical Characterization and Impact Damage Assessment of Hybrid Three-Dimensional Five-Directional Composites." Polymers 11, no. 9 (August 24, 2019): 1395. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11091395.

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The effects of braided architecture and co-braided hybrid structure on low-velocity response of carbon-aramid hybrid three-dimensional five-directional (3D5d) braided composites were experimentally investigated in this study. Low-velocity impact was conducted on two types of hybridization and one pure carbon fiber braided reinforced composites under three velocities. Damage morphologies after low-velocity impact were detected by microscopy and ultrasonic nondestructive testing. Interior damages of composites were highly dependent on yarn type and alignment. Impact damage tolerance was introduced to evaluate the ductility of hybrid composites. Maximum impact load and toughness changed with impact velocity and constituent materials of the composites. The composite with aramid fiber as axial yarn and carbon fiber as braiding yarn showed the best impact resistance due to the synergistic effect of both materials. Wavelet transform was applied in frequency and time domain analyses to reflect the failure mode and mechanism of hybrid 3D5d braided composites. Aramid fibers were used either as axial yarns or braiding yarns, aiding in the effective decrease in the level of initial damage. In particular, when used as axial yarns, aramid fibers effectively mitigate the level of damage during damage evolution.
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Laqraa, Chaimae, Manuela Ferreira, Ahmad Rashed Labanieh, and Damien Soulat. "Elaboration by Wrapping Process and Multiscale Characterisation of Thermoplastic Bio-Composite Based on Hemp/PA11 Constituents." Coatings 11, no. 7 (June 26, 2021): 770. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11070770.

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The present work investigates the potential of developing bio-composites based on thermoplastic polymers reinforced with natural fibres by using hybrid yarns. The hybrid yarns were produced by the wrapping technique, in which a multifilament of polyamide 11 (PA11) was wrapped around an untreated low-twisted hemp roving to produce a yarn with sufficient tenacity and stiffness for the next step of weaving. The tensile behaviour of the wrapped yarns was identified both in the dry- and thermo-state. Then, two different fabrics were woven and tested to study the influence of yarn densities and weave diagrams on the tensile and flexural properties. At this fabric scale, properties of fabrics made from hybrid yarns were compared with those of fabrics from a previous study made from 100% hemp roving. Composites made from these fabrics, with stacking of two cross-plies, were produced by thermocompression and characterised regarding mechanical strength.
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Khurshid, Muhammad Furqan, Martin Hengstermann, Mir Mohammad Badrul Hasan, Anwar Abdkader, and Chokri Cherif. "Recent developments in the processing of waste carbon fibre for thermoplastic composites – A review." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 14 (November 7, 2019): 1925–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319886043.

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The aim of this paper is to highlight recent developments in the processing of waste carbon fibre for thermoplastic composites. Initially, injection moulding and nonwoven technologies have been used to integrate waste carbon fibres into fibre-reinforced thermoplastic composites. Recently, tape and hybrid yarn spinning technologies have been developed to produce tape and hybrid yarn structures from waste carbon fibre, which are then used to manufacture recycled carbon fibre-reinforced thermoplastics with much higher efficiency. The hybrid yarn spinning technologies enable the development of various fibrous structures with higher fibre orientation, compactness and fibre volume fraction. Therefore, thermoplastic composites manufactured from hybrid yarns possess a good potential for use in load-bearing structural applications. In this paper, a comprehensive review on novel and existing technologies employed for the processing of waste carbon fibre in addition to different quality aspects of waste carbon fibre is presented.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hybrid yarn"

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Hasan, M. M. B., M. Offermann, M. Haupt, A. Nocke, and Ch Cherif. "Carbon filament yarn-based hybrid yarn for the heating of textile-reinforced concrete." Sage, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35610.

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In this study, the application of carbon filament yarn (CFY)-based conductive hybrid yarn as the heating element in a textile-reinforced concrete structure is reported. For this purpose, a hybrid yarn having a core-sheath structure (the core is made of carbon filament yarn and the sheath consists of a mixture of short glass and polypropylene fibres) is manufactured by DREF-2000 spinning technique and integrated into textile structure by tailored fibre placement method. Heat can be generated in the concrete structure by passing electric current through the conductive carbon filament yarn core of the hybrid yarn using the principle of resistive heating, where the sheath acts as the protection and isolation layer. From the initial investigations made on a small concrete specimen, important information is gathered and a large concrete slab with integrated conductive hybrid yarn is manufactured. The heat ability and the comfort level of the manufactured concrete slab are measured. The investigations have revealed the potential of using such hybrid yarn for a pointwise heating of the concrete surface for possible appliance in outdoor furniture.
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Hengstermann, M., N. Raithel, A. Abdkader, M. M. B. Hasan, and Ch Cherif. "Development of new hybrid yarn construction from recycled carbon fibers for high performance composites: Part-I: basic processing of hybrid carbon fiber/polyamide 6 yarn spinning from virgin carbon fiber staple fibers." Sage, 2016. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35421.

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The availability of a considerable amount of waste carbon fiber (CF) and the increased pressure to recycle/reuse materials at the end of their life cycle have put the utilization of recycled CF (rCF) under the spotlight. This article reports the successful manufacturing of hybrid yarns consisting of staple CF cut from virgin CF filament yarn and polyamide 6 fibers of defined lengths (40 and 60 mm). Carding and drawing are performed to prepare slivers with improved fiber orientation and mixing for the manufacturing of hybrid yarns. The slivers are then spun into hybrid yarns on a flyer machine. The investigations reveal the influence of fiber length and mixing ratio on the quality of the card web, slivers and on the strength of the hybrid yarns. The findings based on the results of this research work will help realize value-added products from rCF on an industrial scale in the near future.
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Hasan, M. M. B., E. Staiger, M. Ashir, and C. Cherif. "Development of carbon fibre/polyamide 6,6 commingled hybrid yarn for textile-reinforced thermoplastic composites." Sage, 2015. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35638.

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With increased use of carbon fibre (CF)-based textile-reinforced thermoplastic composites, the demand of hybrid yarns consisting of carbon filament yarns (CFYs) and thermoplastic filament yarns with improved properties is also high. Hybrid yarn manufacturing using commingling process by means of compressed air shows some distinct advantages over other hybrid yarn manufacturing processes. However, the potential of commingling process for the production of CF-based thermoplastic hybrid yarns is not yet fully explored. In this article, extensive investigations have been carried out for the development of commingled hybrid yarns manufactured from CFY and polyamide 6,6 (PA 6,6) filament yarns with improved adhesion properties between CFY and matrix in composites. Hybrid yarns are manufactured by varying air pressure and keeping overfeeds and delivery speed constant. Moreover, an additional heat treatment on CFY is done online for a better opening of CFY prior to the mixing with PA 6,6 filament yarn. The tensile properties of hybrid yarns as well as different mechanical properties of unidirectional composite, such as tensile, flexural, impact and interlaminar shear strength are investigated. The results show good potential for the development of hybrid yarns produced from CFY and thermoplastic filament yarns with improved adhesion properties for their application in textile-reinforced thermoplastic composites.
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Hengstermann, M., M. M. B. Hasan, A. Abdkader, and Ch Cherif. "Development of new hybrid yarn construction from recycled carbon fibers (rCF) for high performance composites: Part-II: Influence of yarn parameters on tensile properties of composites." Sage, 2017. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35532.

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This article reports the successful manufacturing of hybrid yarns from virgin staple CF (40 or 60 mm) or recycled staple CF (rCF) by mixing with polyamide 6 (PA 6) fibers of defined length. The hybrid yarns are produced using an optimized process route of carding, drawing, and flyer machine. Furthermore, the influence of CF length, CF type (i.e. virgin or rCF), CF volume content, and twist of the yarn are also investigated regarding the tensile properties of unidirectionally laid (UD) thermoplastic composites. The results show that CF length, yarn twist, and CF content of composites play a big role on the tensile properties of thermoplastic composites. From the comparison of tensile strength of UD composites produced from 40 and 60mm virgin staple CF, it can be seen that the increase of yarn twist decreases the tensile strength. However, the effect of twist on the tensile properties of UD composites manufactured from 40mm virgin staple CF is insignificant. The tensile strength of UD thermoplastic composites manufactured from the hybrid yarn with 40 and 60mm virgin staple CF and rCF is found to be 771 ± 100, 838 ± β1, and 801 ± 53.4 MPa, respectively, in the case of 87 T/m containing 50 volume% CF.
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Torun, Ahmet Refah. "Advanced manufacturing technology for 3D profiled woven preforms." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-71966.

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3D textile performs offer a high potential to increase mechanical properties of composites and they can reduce the production steps and costs as well. The variety of woven structures is enormous. The algorithms based on the conventional weaving notation can only represent the possible woven structures in a limited way. Within the scope of this dissertation, a new weaving notation was developed in order to analyze the multilayer woven structures analytically. Technological solutions were developed in order to guarantee a reproducible preform production with commingled hybrid yarns. Terry weaving technique can be utilized to create vertical connections on carrier fabrics, which makes it suitable for the development of complex profiles. A double rapier weaving machine was modified with electronically controlled terry weaving and pneumatic warp yarn pull-back systems. Various spacer fabrics and 3D profiles were developed. A linear take-up system is developed to assure reproducible preform production with a minimum material damage. Integrated cutting and laying mechanisms on the take-up system provides a high level of automation.
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Gong, Ting. "Tensile behavior of high-performance cement-based composites with hybrid reinforcement subjected to quasi-static and impact loading." Technische Universität Dresden, 2020. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A73914.

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Hochduktile Betone (Engl.: Strain-Hardening Cement-based Composites – SHCC) und Textilbetone (engl.: Textile Reinforced Concrete – TRC) sind zwei neuartige Faserbetone, die ein duktiles und dehnungsverfestigendes Zugverhalten aufweisen. SHCC bestehen aus feinkörnigen Zementmatrizen und kurzen Hochleistungspolymerfasern, während TRC eine Kombination aus feinkörnigen Zementmatrizen und kontinuierlichen zwei- oder dreidimensionalen Textilschichten darstellt. Letztere bestehen aus Multifilamentgarnen aus Kohlenstoff, alkalibeständigem Glas oder Polymerfasern. Die hohe elastische Verformbarkeit beider Verbundwerkstoffe bis zum Erreichen der Zugfestigkeit entsteht aus der sukzessiven Bildung multipler feiner Risse. Neben der hervorragenden Risskontrolle und Duktilität weisen diese Verbundwerkstoffe ein hohes Energieabsorptionsvermögen auf, was in Bezug auf kurzzeitdynamische Belastungen eine durchaus erstrebenswerte Eigenschaft darstellt. Obwohl SHCC eine höhere Dehnungskapazität als herkömmliche TRC zeigen, weisen die Textilbetone eine erheblich höhere Zugfestigkeit auf. Darüber hinaus besitzen die textilbewehrten Betone deutlich niedrigere Einflüsse von Anwendungstechnologie und Maßstab auf das Zugverhalten, d. h. eine bessere Robustheit. Daher stellt die Kombination dieser beiden Bewehrungskonzepte einen vielversprechenden Ansatz dar. Während die Kurzfasern für eine bessere Risskontrolle und Erstrissfestigkeit sorgen, sichern die Textilgelege eine hohe Zugfestigkeit sowie Steifigkeit im gerissenen Zustand und eine gleichmäßige Verteilung der Kräfte in der Verstärkungsschicht bzw. im Bauteil. Dieser synergetische Effekt kann jedoch nur durch eine zielgerichtete Materialentwicklung erreicht werden, die eine grundlegende Materialcharakterisierung unter verschiedenen Belastungsszenarien erfordert. Im Rahmen des DFG-finanzierten Graduiertenkollegs GRK 2250 „Impaktsicherheit von Baukonstruktionen durch mineralisch gebundene Komposite“ werden duktile und Impakt resistente Komposite entwickelt, charakterisiert und erprobt, die als dünne Verstärkungsschichten auf bestehende Konstruktionen bzw. Bauelemente aufgetragen werden und dadurch deren Widerstandsfähigkeit und Resilienz gegen extreme kurzzeitdynamische Beanspruchungen signifikant erhöhen. Die in der vorliegenden Arbeit vorgestellten Ergebnisse wurden im Rahmen des A3-Projektes innerhalb des GRK 2250/1 erzielt. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, die grundlegenden mechanischen Eigenschaften und die Dehnratenabhängigkeit von mineralisch gebundenen Kompositen mit hybrider Faserbewehrung zu erfassen und zu beschreiben. Das Forschungskonzept besteht aus systematischen und parametrischen Untersuchungen der einzelnen Komponenten (Faser, Textil, zementgebundene Matrix), ihres Verbundes und der entsprechenden Verbundwerkstoffe. Hierfür wurden zweckbestimmte Prüfkonfigurationen und dreidimensionale Messverfahren angewandt, die in anderen Projekten des GRK 2250/1 entwickelt wurden. Außer uniaxialen, quasistatischen und dynamischen Zugversuchen wurden quasistatische und dynamische Einzelgarnauszugsversuche durchgeführt. Die wichtigsten untersuchten Materialparameter waren die Art der Kurzfaserbewehrung und der Textilien (Material, geometrische und Oberflächeneigenschaften, Art der Tränkung usw.). Auf Basis der mechanischen Experimente wurde ein analytisches Modell eingesetzt und angepasst, dass das Zugverhalten solcher Komposite in Abhängigkeit von verschiedenen Materialparametern abbilden soll. Zusätzlich zu der detaillierten Beschreibung der Materialeigenschaften, der maßgebenden Mechanismen und synergetischen Effekte bilden die erzielten Ergebnisse eine umfangreiche experimentelle Basis für eine empirische und Modell gestützte Weiterentwicklung und Optimierung dieser Verbundwerkstoffe mit Hinblick auf wirtschaftliche und ökonomische Aspekte.
Strain-hardening cement-based composites (SHCC) and textile-reinforced concrete (TRC) are two novel types of fiber-reinforced cementitious composites that exhibit ductile, strain-hardening tensile behavior. SHCC comprises fine-grained cementitious matrices and short, high-performance polymer fiber, while TRC is a combination of a fine-grained, cementitious matrix and continuous two- or three- dimensional textile layers of multi-filament yarns, usually made of carbon or alkali-resistant glass. Both composites yield high inelastic deformations in a strain-hardening phase due to the successive formation of multiple fine cracks. Such cracking behavior stands for high energy absorption of the composites when exposed to extreme loading, without abrupt loss of load-bearing capacity. In comparative terms, SHCC shows superior strain capacity, while TRC yields considerably higher tensile strength. The addition of short fibers strengthens the matrix by efficiently restraining the micro-cracks’ growth and reducing spallation, while the textile reinforcement ensures a secure confinement of the reinforced concrete element (substrate to be strengthened), as well as a favorable stress distribution. The combination of SHCC and textile reinforcement is expected to deliver high tensile strength and stiffness in the strain-hardening stage along with pronounced multiple cracking. In order to achieve a favorable synergetic effect, a purposeful material design is required based on a clear understanding of the mechanical interactions in the composites. In the framework of the DFG Research Training Group GRK 2250, which aims at enhancing structural impact safety through thin strengthening layers made of high-performance mineral-based composites, this work focuses on developing hybrid fiber-reinforced cementitious materials to be applied on the impact rear side. The development concept builds upon a systematic investigation of various aspects of the mechanical behaviors of SHCC and textile at quasi-static and impact strain rates, including the bond properties of fiber to matrix and textile to matrix. Accordingly, uniaxial quasi-static tension tests were first performed on SHCC, bare textile, and hybrid-reinforced composite specimens. The parameters under investigation were types of short fiber and textile reinforcements, reinforcing the ratio for textile as well as bond properties between textile and the surrounding SHCC. Furthermore, impact tension tests were performed to study the strain rate effect on the synergetic composite response. Finally, single-yarn pull-out tests were carried out under both quasi-static and impact loading rates to supplement the comparative assessment of the hybrid fiber-reinforced composites. These tests yielded shear strength-related parameters for quantifying the bond properties of different materials, which were then used as input of the analytical model developed to describe the mechanics of crack propagation and tension stiffening effect of textile-reinforced composites without short fibers. This model is the first step towards a comprehensive analytical description of the tensile behavior of hybrid fiber-reinforced composites based on the experimental data and input parameters attained through the work at hand.
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Maron, Bernhard. "Beitrag zur Modellierung und Simulation des Thermoformprozesses von textilverstärkten Thermoplastverbunden." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-207535.

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Der komplexe Verarbeitungsprozess endlosfaserverstärkter Textilthermoplaste beeinflusst maßgeblich die resultierende textile Struktur und damit im gleichen Maße die strukturellen Eigenschaften des Verbundes. Zur vollständigen Ausschöpfung des vielversprechenden Potentials dieser innovativen Werkstoffgruppe ist es daher notwendig, die Fertigungssimulation in den Entwicklungsprozess zu integrieren. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird eine qualitative als auch quantitative Beschreibung der komplexen Deformationsphänomenologie von Textilthermoplasten beim Thermoformen vorgenommen, wobei die eingehende Analyse der lokalen Textilthermoplaststruktur und -verformung fokussiert wird. Auf Grundlage eines umfangreichen experimentellen Prüfprogramm wird abschließend zur modellbasierten Beschreibung der Deformationsvorgänge ein neuartiges Multi-Skalen-Modell entwickelt, mit dem sich die auftretende Phänomenologie virtuell wiedergeben lässt.
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Zhou, Fenglei. "Flat Spinneret Electrospinning and Nanocoating for Hybrid Yarns." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.508557.

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Jordão, Joana Raquel Delgado. "A presença do vazio arquitectónico. Elemento estruturador de um edifício híbrido." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Arquitectura de Lisboa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3332.

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Tese de Mestrado em Arquitectura
A presente Dissertação, intitulada A Presença do Vazio Arquitectónico – Elemento Estruturador de um Edifício Híbrido tem como objectivo o estudo da condição do vazio presente na Arquitectura resultando numa proposta para um objecto híbrido que responde a novas situações de vazio, tirando partido deste último como elemento de composição, estruturação e qualificação espacial. Desta forma, partiu-se da definição do conceito de Vazio, identificaram-se e exploraramse três vazios arquitectónicos, contidos (fechados) e definidos, presentes na cidade tradicional: a praça, o pátio e o saguão. Propõe-se uma reinterpretação dos vazios arquitectónicos acima mencionados, passando por uma proposta de redefinição sem que os mesmos percam a lógica morfológica. presente na memória colectiva do peão comum. Explora-se o seu recurso e aplicabilidade no desenvolvimento de um objecto arquitectónico híbrido, capaz de albergar em si as diversas actividades do dia-a-dia: o habitar, o trabalhar, o aprender e o lazer. Finalmente, a Luz como matéria de caracterização dos espaços desenhados, associada e desenvolvida segundo os vazios propostos.
This dissertation, named The Presence of the Architectural Void – Structural Element of an Hybrid Building is a contemplation about the condition of the element void in Architecture and the development of an Hybrid building based on the idea of the void as a structural and compositional element in the spatial qualification. Starting from the definition of the Void’s Concept, there was the intention of identifying and exploring three types of architectural voids that make part of the traditional city: the square, the courtyard and the patio. I propose a new reading for these architectural voids, pursuing a redefinition without loosing the morphological sense, kept in the common memory of the inhabitant of the city. The overcoming study is tested in an hybrid building that contains the main activities of the daily live: to inhabit, to work, to learn and to play. The light as a material for characterizing space which links and enhances the spatial conditions of the proposed voids.
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Kravaev, Plamen, Steffen Janetzko, Thomas Gries, Bong-Gu Kang, Wolfgang Brameshuber, Maike Zell, and Josef Hegger. "Commingling Yarns for Reinforcement of Concrete." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1244040840310-74290.

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Textile reinforced concrete (TRC) is an innovative composite material, which is being intensely and practice-oriented investigated on national and international level. In the last few years this material has gained increasing importance in the field of civil engineering. In the context of the collaborative research project SFB 532 at the RWTH Aachen University, research was carried out to understand and to predict the behaviour of different yarn structures in fine grained concrete. Based on the results, innovative commingling yarns were made of alkali-resistant glass fibres and water soluble PVA. These hybrid yarns have an open structure, which improves the penetration of the textile reinforcement by the concrete matrix. Hence, the load bearing capacity of TRC structural elements was significantly improved. This paper presents a technique for the production of such commingling yarns for concrete applications. The mechanical properties of the new yarns are determined due to tensile stress tests. The bond behaviour of the commingling yarns was investigated by pull-out- and tensile stress tests on TRC-specimens. The results of the different tests are being presented and briefly discussed.
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Books on the topic "Hybrid yarn"

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Zhong guo shui dao yan jiu suo, ed. Zhongguo shui dao xin pin zhong shi yan: 2007 nian nan fang dao qu guo jia shui dao pin zhong qu shi hui zong bao. Beijing: Zhong guo nong ye ke xue ji zhu chu ban she, 2008.

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Ji yu Fan Han dui kan de "Fa hua jing" yu fa yan jiu. Beijing: Shang wu yin shu guan, 2011.

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Wo guo hun he zhi yang lao zhi du de ji jin dong tai ping heng yan jiu: A study on dynamic balance of the fund of China's hybrid pension system in transition. Beijing Shi: Zhongguo cai zheng jing ji chu ban she, 2009.

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Khūkhūsamut, Charin, Khrōngkān Wičhai Phatthanā Chonnabot Phāk Tawanʻō̜k Chīang Nư̄a (Thailand), and Mahāwitthayālai Khō̜n Kǣn. Sathāban Wičhai læ Phatthanā., eds. Rāingān kānwičhai rư̄ang kānphatthanā khunnaphāp sen mai phan Thai lūkphasom phư̄a kānphalit nai radap ʻutsāhakam: Quality improvement of the Thai-hybrid silk yarn for industrial production. [Khon Kaen]: Sathāban Wičhai læ Phatthanā, Mahāwitthayālai Khō̜n Kǣn, 1991.

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1930-, Yuan Longping, ed. Chao ji za jiao dao yan jiu. Shanghai: Shanghai ke xue ji shu chu ban she, 2006.

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1930-, Yuan Longping, ed. Chao ji za jiao dao yan jiu. Shanghai: Shanghai ke xue ji shu chu ban she, 2006.

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Alagirusamy, R., R. Fangueiro, and V. Ogale. Hybrid Yarns and Textile Preforming for Thermoplastic Composites (Textile Progress, No 4). Woodhead Publishing Ltd, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hybrid yarn"

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Gooch, Jan W. "Hybrid Yarn." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 373. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_6088.

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Lovell, Donald R. "Hybrid Yarn & Fabric." In Carbon and High Performance Fibres Directory and Databook, 265–301. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0695-5_10.

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Bar, Mahadev, R. Alagirusamy, and Apurba Das. "Advances in Natural Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastic Composite Manufacturing: Effect of Interface and Hybrid Yarn Structure on Composite Properties." In Advances in Natural Fibre Composites, 99–117. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64641-1_10.

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Saa’di, Vida, Marzieh Ranjbar Mohamadi, Meysam Moezzi, and Reza Sghafi. "Fabrication of Hybrid Suture Yarn Containing Chitosan/Poly(Vinyl Alcohole)-Poly(Lactic Acid) Micro and Nanofibers and Investigation of Their Mechanical Properties." In Eco-friendly and Smart Polymer Systems, 276–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45085-4_66.

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Kang, Bok Choon, K. H. Min, Y. H. Lee, Beong Bok Hwang, and Chathura Nalendra Herath. "Microscopic Evaluation of Commingling-Hybrid Yarns." In THERMEC 2006, 992–96. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-428-6.992.

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Herath, Chathura Nalendra, Bok Choon Kang, Jong Kwang Park, Yong Hwang Roh, and Beong Bok Hwang. "Breaking Elongation Properties of Hybrid Yarns by Commingling Process." In Materials Science Forum, 337–40. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-421-9.337.

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Asghar, Ali, Mohd Rozi Ahmad, Mohamad Faizul Yahya, Syed Zameer Ul Hassan, and Muhammad Kashif. "Hybrid Cover Yarn’s Element Orientation and Its Impacts on Mechanical/Tensile Behavior of Conductive Yarns and Fabrics." In Functional Textiles and Clothing, 77–90. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7721-1_7.

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"Hybrid yarn." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 504. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30160-0_5994.

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Mankodi, H. R. "Developments in hybrid yarns." In Specialist Yarn and Fabric Structures, 21–55. Elsevier, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9780857093936.21.

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Kurban, Mutlu, Osman Babaarslan, and İsmail Hakkı Çağatay. "Hybrid Yarn Composites for Construction." In Textiles for Advanced Applications. InTech, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.69034.

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Conference papers on the topic "Hybrid yarn"

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Dippolito, Mario, Youqi Wang, Ying Ma, Chian-Fong Yen, James Q. Zheng, and Virginia Halls. "Real Scale Simulation of Ballistic Tests for Multi-Layer Fabric Body Armors." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-39538.

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The bottle-neck issues to resolve for numerical simulation of real scale ballistic tests of fabric body armors are computer capacity limitation and prohibitive computational cost. It is not realistic to use micro-level computer simulations for an open end design process. Most numerical simulations are only applicable for small scale parametric analyses, which could facilitate apprehension of fabric failure mechanisms during ballistic impact, but not applicable for the design process. In this paper, a sub-yarn model, the digital element approach, is applied to simulate real scale ballistic tests for soft body armors. In this approach, a yarn is discretized into multiple digital fibers and each fiber is discretized into many digital elements. In order to improve efficiency, two hybrid element mesh concepts are investigated: area based hybrid mesh and yarn based hybrid mesh. The area based hybrid mesh procedure is similar to one utilized in the conventional finite element approach. A fine element mesh is adopted in the area near the impact center; a course element mesh in the area far away. However, numerical simulation results show that the stress wave travels along the principal yarns at the speed of sound immediately after ballistic impact. High yarn stress develops quickly from the impact center to a distance along the principal yarn. As such, the area based hybrid mesh approach fails to obtain improved computer efficiency without loss of accuracy. Because the high stress only develops within principal yarns after a ballistic impact, a yarn based hybrid element mesh procedure is adopted. In this procedure, only principal yarns and yarns near principal yarns are discretized into fine digital fibers; other yarns are discretized into coarse digital fibers. Because only a few principal yarns resist load in a typical ballistic impact, the yarn based hybrid technique could improve simulation efficiency up to 90–95% without sacrificing accuracy. A numerical tool is then developed to generate fabric with a yarn based hybrid mesh. Accuracy of the approach is analyzed. The hybrid mesh technique is applied to simulate real scale ballistic tests of ballistic armors made of 4 to 20 piles of 2-D plain woven fabrics. Numerical results are compared to real scale standard ballistic results.
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Haines, Carter S., Márcio D. Lima, Na Li, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Javad Foroughi, John D. W. Madden, Shaoli Fang, et al. "Mechanism of stroke enhancement by coiling in carbon nanotube hybrid yarn artificial muscles (presentation video)." In SPIE Smart Structures and Materials + Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring, edited by Yoseph Bar-Cohen. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2046188.

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Araujo, Paulo, José Carlos Teixeira, Dionisio Silveira, Elisabete Silva, Delfim Soares, Raul Fangueiro, and Maria Cândida Vilarinho. "Development of Fiber Structures for High Performance Heat Resistant Curtains." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24016.

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Abstract The protection of human life and goods assumes a growing concern in all forms of activities. The fire and smoke curtains have as main role to act as a physical barrier to prevent the fire from spreading between spaces as well as to staunch the smoke and heat transfer to adjacent areas. They can also be easily operated (opening and closing) causing a minimal interference with the flow of materials and humans within confines spaces, such as warehouses and industries, while providing adequate protection. Thus, there are a set of characteristics that these products must exhibit high fire protection, thermal resistance and gas impermeability. The classification of the heat resistance, described in the European Standard BS EN 1634-1: Fire resistance and smoke control tests for door, shutter and, openable window assemblies and elements of building hardware — fire resistance tests for doors, shutters and openable windows, is the procedure that allows determining the response of a product in contributing by its decomposition to a fire to which it is exposed, being according to three criteria: (i) integrity, (ii) insulation and (iii) radiation. Usually curtains are based on fiber-based structures which can be coated to enhance their protective capabilities. In addition, the fibrous structure can be tailored to optimize its behaviour using 2D and 3D complex architectures, with single or multiple materials. The performance assessment of the curtains regarding the aforementioned parameters is performed resorting to several experimental procedures that are detailed in the specific standards. The present paper reports the development of novel fibrous structures used for heat protection curtains. They are based on the various combinations of hybrid structures combining 2 or 3 different yarn materials. The tests are carried out in a purpose built oven that induces a steep temperature rate (approximately 600 °C in 5 min) on one side of the sample followed by a slower rate up to 950 °C in 60 min. The sample is placed under stress during the test in order to mimic that caused by its own weight. Thermocouples monitor the temperature on both sides of the sample and its integrity is assessed by both the occurrence of fabric rupture and smoke release due to ignition. Both the fabric integrity and the temperature on the back side of the sample are an indicator of its performance which follows the European Standard BS EN 13501-2: Fire classification of construction products and building elements. Classification using data from fire resistance tests, excluding ventilation services. From the results one can conclude that hybrid structures, including either basalt and glass fibers, are the most suitable.
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Choi, Min Ki, and Jooyong Kim. "Transmission characteristics of hybrid structure yarns for e-textiles." In 2014 20th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/padsw.2014.7097909.

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Guo, Xi, Shell Ying Huang, Wen Jing Hsu, and Malcolm Yoke Hean Low. "A simulation based hybrid algorithm for yard crane dispatching in container terminals." In 2009 Winter Simulation Conference - (WSC 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wsc.2009.5429203.

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He, Junliang, Daofang Chang, Weijian Mi, and Wei Yan. "A Strategy for Yard Crane Scheduling Based on Hybrid Parallel Genetic Algorithm." In 2008 International Symposium on Knowledge Acquisition and Modeling (KAM). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/kam.2008.81.

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Abbas, Syed Muzahir, Javad Foroughi, Yogesh Ranga, Ladislau Matekovits, Karu Esselle, Stuart Hay, Michael Heimlich, and Farzad Safaei. "Stretchable and Highly Conductive Carbon Nanotube-Graphene Hybrid Yarns for Wearable Systems." In 10th EAI International Conference on Body Area Networks. ICST, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.28-9-2015.2261421.

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Ichikawa, Daiki, Masayuki Kitamura, Yuqiu Yang, and Hiroyuki Hamada. "Mechanical Properties of the Multilayer Laminated Intra-Hybrid Woven Fabric Composites." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-37864.

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Generally hybrid composite material is with two or more reinforcements or matrixes. They are referred as hybrid matrix and fiber hybrid. Further it is also included hybrid interface using different materials state of the interface. Therefore high functionality which compensates the disadvantages of each other by a hybrid can be expected. At current study, additionally, various strengthening forms were obtained and spread to textile material with hybrid(s). For example, techniques used in the weft and warp fibers/yarns might be different in making a fabric. It will be referred to as intra-layer hybrid fabric. It means in making fabric. It means that different physical properties due to the loading direction in one layer, the mechanical properties unique variety can be expected. In this study, carbon/glass intra-hybrid woven fabric was used to fabricate fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) composite through hand lay-up method. Then, the investigation on the mechanical property and fracture behaviour was carried out. Tensile test combined with acoustic emission (AE) measurement was conducted in this research. Knee point stress was the main factor of initial damage which discussed with AE characteristics during mechanical test. Due to the difference of energy release from fracture between glass fiber and matrix, the fracture characteristics of composite could be monitored during the test through AE facility. Relation between bundle and cracks inside the materials was examined through optical microscope. Scanning electron microscope observation was also carried out to examine the fracture of materials after testing.
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Tehrani, Mehran, Masoud Safdari, Scott W. Case, and Marwan S. Al-Haik. "Using Multiscale Carbon Fiber/Carbon Nanotubes Composites for Damping Applications." In ASME 2011 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2011-5087.

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A novel technique to grow carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the surface of carbon fibers in a controlled fashion using simple lab set up is developed. Growing CNTs on the surface of carbon fibers will eliminate the problem of dispersion of CNTs in polymeric matrices. The employed synthesis technique retains the attractive feature of uniform distribution of the grown CNTs, low temperature of CNTs’ formation, i.e. 550 °C, via cheap and safe synthesis setup and catalysts. A protective thermal shield of thin ceramic layer and subsequently nickel catalytic particles are deposited on the surface of the carbon fiber yarns using magnetron sputtering. A simple tube furnace setup utilizing nitrogen, hydrogen and ethylene (C2H4) were used to grow CNTs on the carbon fiber yarns. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a uniform areal growth over the carbon fibers where the catalytic particles had been sputtered. The structure of the grown multiwall carbon nanotubes was characterized with the aid of transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Dynamical mechanical analysis (DMA) was employed to measure the loss and storage moduli of the hybrid composite together with the reference raw carbon fiber composite and the composite for which only ceramic and nickel substrates had been deposited on. The DMA tests were conducted over a frequency range of 1–40 Hz. Although the storage modulus remained almost unchanged over the frequency range for all samples, the loss modulus showed a frequency dependent behavior. The hybrid composite obtained the highest loss modulus among other samples with an average increase of approximately 25% and 55% compared to composites of the raw and ceramic/nickel coated carbon fibers, respectively. This improvement occurred while the average storage modulus of the hybrid composite declined by almost 9% and 15% compared to the composites of reference and ceramic/nickel coated samples, respectively. The ultimate strength and elastic moduli of the samples were measured using standard ASTM tensile test. Results of this study show that while the addition of the ceramic layer protects the fibers from mechanical degradation it abolishes the mechanisms by which the composite dissipates energy. On the other hand, with almost no compromise in weight, the hybrid composites are good potential candidate for damping applications. Furthermore, the addition of CNTs could contribute to improving other mechanical, electrical and thermal properties of the hybrid composite.
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Utsunomiya, Tomoaki, Hidekazu Matsukuma, Shintaro Minoura, Kiyohiko Ko, Hideki Hamamura, Osamu Kobayashi, Iku Sato, Yoshihisa Nomoto, and Kentaro Yasui. "On Sea Experiment of a Hybrid SPAR for Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Using 1/10 Scale Model." In ASME 2010 29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2010-20730.

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This study aims at development of a cost-effective floating offshore wind turbine. The proto-type model considered herein is composed of 1) 2MW horizontal-axis wind turbine (HAWT) of down-wind type, 2) steel mono-tower with 55m hub height above sea level, 3) steel-prestressed concrete (PC) hybrid SPAR-type foundation with 70m draught, and 4) catenary mooring system using anchor chains. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of the concept, on-sea experiment using a 1/10 scale model of the prototype has been made. The demonstrative experiment includes 1) construction of the hybrid SPAR foundation using PC and steel as same as the prototype, 2) dry-towing and installation to the on-sea site at 30m distance from the quay of the Sasebo shipbuilding yard, 3) generating electric power using a 1kW HAWT, and 4) removal from the site. During the on-sea experiment, wind speed, wind direction, tidal height, wave height, motion of the SPAR, tension in a mooring chain, and strains in the tower and the SPAR foundation have been measured. Motion of the SPAR has been numerically simulated and compared with the measured values, where basically good agreement is observed.
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Reports on the topic "Hybrid yarn"

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Baughman, Ray, and Michael Kozlov. High Performance Artificial Muscles Using Nanofiber and Hybrid Yarns. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada622843.

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Rossettos, John, Sinan Muftu, and John Jagodnik. Experimental Investigation of Slip and Strength Characteristics of Hybrid Yarns. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada413075.

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