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1

Vaghela, Arunkumar Ramjibhai, and Tejas H. Ganatra. "A detailed review of immunotherapeutics with a special emphasis on hybridoma technology." American Journal of Biopharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 4 (January 25, 2024): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/ajbps_13_2023.

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The paper offers a thorough analysis of immunotherapeutics with a focus on hybridomas. It describes how focused and precise treatments for a variety of illnesses, such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases, have been made possible by immunotherapeutics, which are based on antibody and hybridoma technology. The main therapeutics produced by this method are monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). The article describes the hybridoma technology process, in which a heterogeneous population of cells that produce unique mAbs are created by combining immortalized myeloma cells with B lymphocy
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2

Heilmann, Katja, and Pamela Holzlöhner. "Generation of antigen-specific monoclonal antibodies by in vitro immunization (TECH2P.904)." Journal of Immunology 194, no. 1_Supplement (2015): 206.14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.194.supp.206.14.

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Abstract Monoclonal antibodies are one of the most important tools in biomedicine but the generation by hybridoma technology is very time consuming and laborious. The adaptation of the process to an in vitro approach is therefore a smart alternative to reduce the disadvantages of hybridoma technology. In this study a protocol for in vitro immunization was developed which enables hematopoietic stem cells to differentiate into naïve dendritic cells. These cells were specifically activated with the antigen of interest and cocultivated with naïve B and T lymphocytes in order to generate antigen sp
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Shevchuk, Kateryna, Anastasia Baranovska, Andrii Chernetskyi, Nataliia Shchotkina, and Alexander Besarab. "Biosafety Aspects of Hybridoma Technology: Nature of Risks and Approaches to Their Management." Innovative Biosystems and Bioengineering 9, no. 2 (2025): 29–41. https://doi.org/10.20535/ibb.2025.9.2.320712.

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This study investigates the biosafety aspects of hybridoma technology, focusing on the identification and management of associated risks. Monoclonal antibodies, essential tools in immunology, biotechnology, and medicine, are primarily produced through hybridoma technology. This process involves fusing B lymphocytes from immunized animals with myeloma cells to create hybridomas, which are then cultured to produce specific antibodies. The research highlights significant contamination risks, particularly from rodent-borne viruses and other pathogens, during both in vivo and in vitro cultivation.
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Hidayati, Wahyu, Desti Hidayati, Pratiwi Pudjilestari Sudarmono, Tjahjani Mirawati Sudiro, Heri Wibowo, and Beti Ernawati Dewi. "Fully Human Monoclonal Antibodies Generated by Hybridoma Technology Blockade the Interaction of Spike Protein to Ace-2 Receptor." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 62, no. 3 (2024): 118–29. https://doi.org/10.37934/araset.62.3.118129.

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Hybridoma technology has been used to generate monoclonal antibodies for both diagnostics and therapy. Furthermore, hybridoma technology can also be an alternative to produce human monoclonal antibodies for COVID-19 therapy. This study aimed to produce fully human-neutralized monoclonal antibodies for COVID-19. The fully human monoclonal antibodies were generated by fusion between human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and partner cells, K6H6/B5. The human-neutralized monoclonal antibodies were isolated and characterized by cloning dilution, recognition ability test and neutralization
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5

El Fitro, Sulis, Sutiman Bambang Sumitro, and Umie Lestari. "Development of Interactive Multimedia Based on Research of Hybridama Technology." Indonesian Journal of Science Learning (IJSL) 3, no. 1 (2022): 26–33. https://doi.org/10.15642/ijsl.v3i1.1984.

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The ability to understand and apply the current methods of Biotecnology as hybridoma technology needs to be taught to students. But in conducting laboratory activities hybridoma technology in the classroom activities takes time and costs are relatively large. This study was conducted to generate instructional media for students based research. The purpose of this research is to produce learning multimedia of hybridoma technology in Biotechnology course. This study uses the ADDIE development model. The results of this research is based on the feasibility studies show that interactive multimedia
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Moraes, Jane Zveiter, Bárbara Hamaguchi, Camila Braggion, et al. "Hybridoma technology: is it still useful?" Current Research in Immunology 2 (2021): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crimmu.2021.03.002.

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7

Yagami, Hisanori, Hiroshi Kato, Kanta Tsumoto, and Masahiro Tomita. "Monoclonal antibodies based on hybridoma technology." Pharmaceutical Patent Analyst 2, no. 2 (2013): 249–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/ppa.13.2.

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8

Pirofski, L., A. Casadevall, L. Rodriguez, L. S. Zuckier, and M. D. Scharff. "Current state of the hybridoma technology." Journal of Clinical Immunology 10, S6 (1990): 5S—14S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00918686.

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9

Maier, Natalia, Pamela Holzloehner, Anja Hoenow, Astrid Scheunemann, Daniel Weschke, and Katja Hanack. "Characterization of monoclonal antibodies generated by in vitro immunization." Journal of Immunology 196, no. 1_Supplement (2016): 209.25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.209.25.

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Abstract Monoclonal antibodies are highly valuable tools in biomedicine but the generation by hybridoma technology is very time-consuming and elaborate. In order to circumvent the consisting drawbacks an in vitro immunization approach was established by which murine as well as human monoclonal antibodies against a viral coat protein could be developed. The in vitro immunization process was performed by isolation of murine hematopoietic stem cells or human monocytes and an in vitro differentiation into immature dendritic cells. After antigen loading the cells were co-cultivated with naive T and
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10

Fan, Guo Ying, and Jin Qing Jiang. "Preparation and Immunological Traits of Monoclonal Antibody against Sarafloxacin." Advanced Materials Research 459 (January 2012): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.459.54.

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Through cell fusion technology, five hybridoma lines of sarafloxacin (SAR), named S1-B2, S2-C6, S2-E7, S3-C5, and S3-E5, were identified and their corresponding mAbs were of the IgG1 isotype with a k light chain. The Kaffs of all mAbs were between 2.8 and 4.6×109 L/mol. The titers and IC50 values of purified ascite fluids were in the range of 0.512–2.56×106 and 0.32–0.48 ng/mL, respectively. The performances of S1-B2 and S2-C6 were more consistent in the stability experiments. Based on the S1-B2 hybridoma, an icELISA method was developed. The dynamic range was from 0.004 to 18 ng/mL, with a de
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11

van der Schoot, Johan M. S., Felix L. Fennemann, Michael Valente, et al. "Functional diversification of hybridoma-produced antibodies by CRISPR/HDR genomic engineering." Science Advances 5, no. 8 (2019): eaaw1822. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaw1822.

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Hybridoma technology is instrumental for the development of novel antibody therapeutics and diagnostics. Recent preclinical and clinical studies highlight the importance of antibody isotype for therapeutic efficacy. However, since the sequence encoding the constant domains is fixed, tuning antibody function in hybridomas has been restricted. Here, we demonstrate a versatile CRISPR/HDR platform to rapidly engineer the constant immunoglobulin domains to obtain recombinant hybridomas, which secrete antibodies in the preferred format, species, and isotype. Using this platform, we obtained recombin
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12

Bongertz, Vera, and Neide Thomaz. "Control of Mycoplasma contamination in hybridoma technology." Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 83, no. 2 (1988): 265–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0074-02761988000200020.

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13

Williams, Jeffrey F., Norman J. Stern, and H. Ray Gamble. "Hybridoma Technology in Agricultural and Veterinary Research." Journal of Parasitology 72, no. 2 (1986): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3281598.

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14

Samoilovich, Sergio R., Charles B. Dugan, and Alberto J. L. Macario. "Hybridoma technology: new developments of practical interest." Journal of Immunological Methods 101, no. 2 (1987): 153–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(87)90147-5.

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15

Earley, Elizabeth M., and Joan C. Rener. "Preface hybridoma technology I: Murine monoclonal antibodies." Journal of Tissue Culture Methods 9, no. 3 (1985): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01665916.

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16

Boylston, A. W. "Hybridoma technology in the biosciences and medicine." Immunology Today 7, no. 4 (1986): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-5699(86)90153-2.

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17

บุญให้, สมพงศ์. "การผลิตน้ำยาตรวจหมู่โลหิต anti-M ด้วยวิธีhuman hybridoma technology". Chulalongkorn Medical Journal 60, № 1 (2016): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.58837/chula.cmj.60.1.8.

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18

Nikita, Sapkal Ritesh Rathod* Sakshi Lande Pallavi Radal Haridas Khose. "Monoclonal Antibodies: Insight Review." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2, no. 12 (2024): 249–64. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14265260.

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Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are a significant achievement in biotechnology and medicine. Kohler and Milstein's Nobel Prize-winning research on murine hybridoma technology in 1975 resulted in the development of mAbs, which are designed to function as substitute antibodies that can restore, augment, or mimic the immune system's attack on cancer cells and other infections. In 1986, the FDA approved the first monoclonal antibody, Orthoclone OKT3® (muromonab-CD3), a huge step forward in antibody research and development. Monoclonal antibodies are glycoproteins produced by identical B cell clon
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19

Teng, Man, Jin-Ling Liu, Qin Luo, et al. "Efficient Cross-Screening and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies against Marek’s Disease Specific Meq Oncoprotein Using CRISPR/Cas9-Gene-Edited Viruses." Viruses 15, no. 4 (2023): 817. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15040817.

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Marek’s disease (MD) caused by pathogenic Marek’s disease virus type 1 (MDV−1) is one of the most important neoplastic diseases of poultry. MDV−1-encoded unique Meq protein is the major oncoprotein and the availability of Meq-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is crucial for revealing MDV pathogenesis/oncogenesis. Using synthesized polypeptides from conserved hydrophilic regions of the Meq protein as immunogens, together with hybridoma technology and primary screening by cross immunofluorescence assay (IFA) on Meq-deleted MDV−1 viruses generated by CRISPR/Cas9-gene editing, a total of five
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20

Adhikari, Diwas, and Sharada Pokhrel. "Monoclonal Antibodies: A Brief Review on Delivery Trends." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 15, no. 2 (2025): 79–85. https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v15i2.6992.

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Immunoglobulin derivatives which are derived from the monoclonal cell line and which offers a wide range of specificity are the monoclonal antibodies. They are specially produced by the hybridoma technology by the fusion of B-cells with the immortal myeloma cells in presence of PEG. Humanized mAbs are considered to be the fastest growing group in clinical trials. After development, these mAbs undergoes analytical evaluation for their efficient characterization. Developed hybridomas can be preserved for long term use through the cryopreservation techniques. Monoclonal antibodies can be delivere
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21

Chen, Shu-Mei, Tsung-Chin Hsu, Chee-Ho Chew, et al. "Microtube Array Membrane Encapsulated Cell Therapy: A Novel Platform Technology Solution for Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 12 (2022): 6855. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23126855.

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Alzheimer’s disease is the most frequent form of dementia in aging population and is presently the world’s sixth largest cause of mortality. With the advancement of therapies, several solutions have been developed such as passive immunotherapy against these misfolded proteins, thereby resulting in the clearance. Within this segment, encapsulated cell therapy (ECT) solutions that utilize antibody releasing cells have been proposed with a multitude of techniques under development. Hence, in this study, we utilized our novel and patented Microtube Array Membranes (MTAMs) as an encapsulating platf
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22

Ansell, Phillip R. J. "Hybridoma technology: a view from the patent arena." Immunology Today 21, no. 8 (2000): 357–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-5699(00)01688-1.

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23

Hiatt, Andrew C. "Monoclonal antibodies, hybridoma technology and heterologous production systems." Current Opinion in Immunology 3, no. 2 (1991): 229–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0952-7915(91)90056-7.

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24

Leickt, Lisa, Anders Grubb, and Sten Ohlson. "Screening for weak monoclonal antibodies in hybridoma technology." Journal of Molecular Recognition 11, no. 1-6 (1998): 114–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1352(199812)11:1/6<114::aid-jmr403>3.0.co;2-#.

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25

Siripanthong, Sitthinon, Anchalee Techasen, Chanin Nantasenamat, et al. "Production and characterization of antibody against Opisthorchis viverrini via phage display and molecular simulation." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (2021): e0248887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248887.

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In this study, a key issue to be addressed is the safe disposal of hybridoma instability. Hybridoma technology was used to produce anti–O. viverrini monoclonal antibody. Previous studies have shown that antibody production via antibody phage display can sustain the hybridoma technique. This paper presents the utility of antibody phage display technology for producing the phage displayed KKU505 Fab fragment and using experiments in concomitant with molecular simulation for characterization. The phage displayed KKU505 Fab fragment and characterization were successfully carried out. The KKU505 hy
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26

Kershaw, Kathleen, Lucienne Bosler, Wei-Ying Kuo, et al. "Efficient, cost-effective isolation of functional antigen specific antibodies using Nanovial technology." Journal of Immunology 212, no. 1_Supplement (2024): 0249_4702. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.212.supp.0249.4702.

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Abstract The therapeutic application of monoclonal antibodies has been invaluable in improving the quality of life for countless patients across numerous indications. Despite advances in streamlining the process, enhanced screening methods still necessitate substantial investments in equipment, reagents, and training. To address this gap, we have developed a workflow utilizing Nanovials, hydrogel nanoliter containers, to enable the discovery of functional antibodies from single cells with a simple workflow without any new equipment or protracted hands-on assay steps. We demonstrate this workfl
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Huy, Nguyen Quoc, Ta Huong Giang, and Nguyen Dang Quan. "Isolation and characterization of full-length genes encoding the anti-human CD45 antibody from the hybridoma cell line 16E8-F2." HO CHI MINH CITY OPEN UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF SCIENCE - ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 12, no. 2 (2022): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.46223/hcmcoujs.tech.en.12.2.2319.2022.

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Though the hybridoma technology has been widely applied in the production of monoclonal antibodies, it has existed some disadvantages including low yield and genetic instability. Therefore, an alternative approach should be taken into account. Recently, recombinant monoclonal antibody technology has emerged as the best choice to cure hybridoma related drawbacks. However, recombinant antibodies require known genes for their generation. The purpose of this study is to collect the full-length genes encoding the anti-human CD45 antibody derived from the hybridoma cell line 16E8-F2. In this researc
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Asadi, A., A. A. Pourfathollah, M. Mahdavi, M. M. Eftekharian, and S. M. Moazzeni. "Preparation of antibody against horseradish peroxidase using hybridoma technology." Human Antibodies 17, no. 3-4 (2008): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/hab-2008-173-404.

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Chin, Jade. "Hybridoma Technology in the Biosciences and Medicine.Timothy A. Springer." Quarterly Review of Biology 61, no. 2 (1986): 301–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/415019.

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Butcher, Robin N., Kenneth C. McCullough, Claudine Jarry, and Jennifer Bryant. "Mitomycin C-treated cell feeder layers in hybridoma technology." Journal of Immunological Methods 107, no. 2 (1988): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(88)90225-6.

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31

Cambrosio, Alberto, and Peter Keating. "Between fact and technique: The beginnings of hybridoma technology." Journal of the History of Biology 25, no. 2 (1992): 175–230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00162840.

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32

Trung, Nguyen Thi, and Truong Nam Hai. "Establishment of a procedure for producing the anti-b monoclonal antibody from B4C10D9 hybridoma cell line." TAP CHI SINH HOC 39, no. 3 (2017): 342–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7160/v39n3.10765.

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There are two the most important blood group system in blood transfusion, that is the ABO system and the Rh system. The anti-A or anti-B antibodies in the blood of recipient cause strongly agglutination the red blood cells of donor bearing A or B antigens on their surface respectively. So, all donated blood and received blood must be typed group for the ABO system to be safe in blood transfusion. To blood grouping, used of know antisera reacts with the whole blood samples to determine antigen on the surface of red blood cell or use of know red blood cells reacts with the individual's serum to
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Krohn, Steffen, Tosca Holtrop, Arianne M. Brandsma та ін. "Combining Cellular Immunization and Phage Display Screening Results in Novel, FcγRI-Specific Antibodies". Viruses 16, № 4 (2024): 596. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v16040596.

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Antibodies that specifically bind to individual human fragment crystallizable γ receptors (FcγRs) are of interest as research tools in studying immune cell functions, as well as components in bispecific antibodies for immune cell engagement in cancer therapy. Monoclonal antibodies for human low-affinity FcγRs have been successfully generated by hybridoma technology and are widely used in pre-clinical research. However, the generation of monoclonal antibodies by hybridoma technology that specifically bind to the high-affinity receptor FcγRI is challenging. Monomeric mouse IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3
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Wu, Meng, Qiang Ke, Jinhao Bi, et al. "Substantially Improved Electrofusion Efficiency of Hybridoma Cells: Based on the Combination of Nanosecond and Microsecond Pulses." Bioengineering 9, no. 9 (2022): 450. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9090450.

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As the initial antibody technology, the preparation of hybridoma cells has been widely used in discovering antibody drugs and is still in use. Various antibody drugs obtained through this technology have been approved for treating human diseases. However, the key to producing hybridoma cells is efficient cell fusion. High-voltage microsecond pulsed electric fields (μsHVPEFs) are currently one of the most common methods used for cell electrofusion. Nevertheless, the membrane potential induced by the external microsecond pulse is proportional to the diameter of the cell, making it difficult to f
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Holzloehner, Pamela, Erik Schliebs, Natalia Maier, Jonas Füner, Burkhard Micheel, and Katja Heilmann. "Production of monoclonal camelid antibodies by means of hybridoma technology (P3376)." Journal of Immunology 190, no. 1_Supplement (2013): 135.14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.135.14.

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Abstract Here we describe the first monoclonal immunoglobulins produced by camelid hybridomas. Hybridomas were generated by using the CBF7 heteromyeloma line to fuse peripheral blood lymphocytes from New World camels (llamas, alpacas) and Old World camels (Bactrian camels). The hybridomas produced immunoglobulins of IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3 subclasses as defined by both enzyme immunoassays and PCR and subsequent gene sequencing. The subclass-specific murine monoclonal antibodies were also produced in the experiments described here. They could be used to detect conventional four-chain camelid antibo
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Paul, Martin, and Michael G. Weller. "Antibody Screening by Microarray Technology—Direct Identification of Selective High-Affinity Clones." Antibodies 9, no. 1 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antib9010001.

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The primary screening of hybridoma cells is a time-critical and laborious step during the development of monoclonal antibodies. Often, critical errors occur in this phase, which supports the notion that the generation of monoclonal antibodies with hybridoma technology is difficult to control and hence, a risky venture. We think that it is crucial to improve the screening process to eliminate most of the critical deficits of the conventional approach. With this new microarray-based procedure, several advances could be achieved: Selectivity for excellent binders, high-throughput, reproducible si
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YUAN, F., J. WATT, and A. GECZY. "Does hybridoma technology still have a place in transfusion medicine?" Transfusion Medicine Reviews 16, no. 3 (2002): 230–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/tmrv.2002.33436.

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38

Yu, Tian, Jonathan Hull, Andrea Ruiz, Ashwini Bhat, and Amar Basu. "Expediting antibody discovery using Bioelectronica’s HypercellTM platform." Journal of Immunology 204, no. 1_Supplement (2020): 86.36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.86.36.

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Abstract Antibody-based drugs have been successful in a range of therapeutic categories. However, generating monoclonal antibodies is time-consuming and expensive. A common approach is Hybridoma technology, which overcomes the short life-span of IgG-secreting plasma B cells in vitro. However, many plasma B cells are lost due to the low efficiency of hybridoma cell fusion (typically &amp;lt;10%). Direct single B cell screening strategies have emerged to bypass hybridoma fusion and recombinatorial display, coupled with the generation of recombinant monoclonal antibodies through mammalian express
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Ta, Giang Huong, Huy Quoc Nguyen, and Quan Dang Nguyen. "Generating and characterizing the anti-human CD45 monoclonal antibody." Science and Technology Development Journal 23, no. 3 (2020): 665–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v23i3.2409.

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Introduction: CD45 is a common marker of leukocytes. Anti-human CD45 monoclonal antibody (MAb) has been used widely in diagnosing and monitoring hematologic diseases. The aim of this study was to generate an anti-human CD45 MAb, which can be used in research and diagnosis.&#x0D; Methods: Recombinant human CD45RO antigen was expressed from E. coli BL21 (DE3), purified and analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. The purified CD45RO antigen was used to immunize Balb/c mice. Spleen cells from immunized mouse were collected and fused with P3X63Ag8.653 myeloma cells to form hybridoma. Anti-CD45 a
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Borovikov, S. N., L. А. Tokhtarova, K. N. Mukantayev, and A. S. Syzdykova. "MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES AGAINST CTLA-4 AND PD-L1 RECEPTORS OF THE CATTLE IMMUNE SYSTEM." HERALD OF SCIENCE OF S SEIFULLIN KAZAKH AGRO TECHNICAL RESEARCH UNIVERSITY: Veterinary sciences, no. 1(005) (March 28, 2024): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.51452/kazatuvc.2024.1(005).1627.

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With the progression of bovine leukemia virus (BLV), the concentration of T-cells, as well as CTLA-4 and PD-1 receptors on their cytoplasmic membrane increases. Elevated concentrations of regulatory T-cells lead to increased production of transforming growth factor-β (TGF β), suppression of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) expression, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and inhibition of natural killer (NK) cells. Effector and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, as well as the production of cytokines IFN-γ and TNF-α, play a crucial role in immune response against viral infections. However, at late subclinical stages, T
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Lin, Mong-Shang, Carolina Franco Nitta, Mackenzie Pierce, Bo Lin, Leo L. Chan, and Jessie Ni. "Abstract 3168: High-throughput hybridoma monoclonality characterization using the Celigo™ Image Cytometer." Cancer Research 85, no. 8_Supplement_1 (2025): 3168. https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2025-3168.

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Abstract Hybridomas are hybrid cells produced by fusing an antibody producing B cell with a myeloma cell to produce a specific monoclonal antibody. In the process of generating stable clones, developers are often required to perform several rounds of subcloning by plating cultures with a density of a single cell per well. The wells with a single colony are then selected to produce the target antibodies. Traditionally, this lengthy process was heavily relied on researchers with extensive training and experience; however, even experienced researchers may suffer from human error of selecting clon
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42

Singh, Rohit, Pankaj Chandley, and Soma Rohatgi. "Recent Advances in the Development of Monoclonal Antibodies and Next-Generation Antibodies." ImmunoHorizons 7, no. 12 (2023): 886–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/immunohorizons.2300102.

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Abstract mAbs are highly indispensable tools for diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic applications. The first technique, hybridoma technology, was based on fusion of B lymphocytes with myeloma cells, which resulted in generation of single mAbs against a specific Ag. Along with hybridoma technology, several novel and alternative methods have been developed to improve mAb generation, ranging from electrofusion to the discovery of completely novel technologies such as B cell immortalization; phage, yeast, bacterial, ribosome, and mammalian display systems; DNA/RNA encoded Abs; single B cell
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43

Borrebaeck, Carl A. K. "Development of in vitro immunization in murine and human hybridoma technology." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 5, no. 8 (1987): 783–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0731-7085(87)80096-1.

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Lee, Rozanne, Mylinh Tran, Mark Nocerini, and Meina Liang. "A High-Throughput Hybridoma Selection Method Using Fluorometric Microvolume Assay Technology." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 13, no. 3 (2008): 210–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087057108314148.

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Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) are not only useful reagents but also represent a promising type of therapeutics due to their high affinity and exquisite specificity for their antigens. A critical step in mAb generation is to identify antigen-specific antibodies. Although enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been broadly applied for antibody selection against secreted antigens, an inherent disadvantage for ELISA is the difficulty in identifying antibodies that recognize the native conformation of cell surface antigens. To overcome this drawback, the authors have developed a high-throughpu
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Goldsby, R. A., S. Srikumaran, A. Arulanandam, et al. "The application of hybridoma technology to the study of bovine immunoglobulins." Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 17, no. 1-4 (1987): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-2427(87)90124-3.

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Rodríguez-Téllez, Rosa Isela, Rosa María Ribas-Aparicio, and Genaro Patiño-López. "Detection of Myosin 1g Overexpression in Pediatric Leukemia by Novel Monoclonal Antibodies." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 7 (2022): 3912. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073912.

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Myosin 1g (Myo1g) is a mechanoenzyme associated with actin filaments, expressed exclusively in hematopoietic cells, and involved in various cellular functions, including cell migration, adhesion, and membrane trafficking. Despite the importance of Myo1g in distinct functions, there is currently no monoclonal antibody (mAb) against Myo1g. mAbs are helpful tools for the detection of specific antigens in tumor cells and other tissues. The development of mAbs against targeted dysregulated molecules in cancer cells remains a crucial tool for aiding in the diagnosis and the treatment of patients. Us
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Ratnofsky, S. E., A. Peterson, J. L. Greenstein, and S. J. Burakoff. "Expression and function of CD8 in a murine T cell hybridoma." Journal of Experimental Medicine 166, no. 6 (1987): 1747–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.166.6.1747.

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In general, the human CD8 molecule is expressed on T cells specific for HLA class I molecules. Studies designed to delineate the function and to define the ligand of the CD8 molecule have been complicated by the fact that the presumptive ligand for CD8 is on the HLA class I molecule, the same molecule encoding the ligand for the antigen-specific T cell receptor. The ability to express genes in cells other than their natural host has produced a new technology with which to approach CD8 functional studies. The insertion of a cDNA clone for CD8 in a defective retroviral vector has allowed the tra
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Haque, Shoebul. "Breakthroughs in monoclonal antibody therapies 2024: new horizons in treatment strategies in India." Journal of Medical Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences 14, no. 1 (2025): 6996–7002. https://doi.org/10.55522/jmpas.v14i1.6832.

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Recent advancements in biotechnology have revolutionized the development of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). offering highly targeted therapies with fewer side effects compared to conventional treatments. As of 2024, several mAbs have been approved for import and marketing in India. Notable approvals include enfortumab vedotin for advanced urothelial cancer, nivolumab for metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and non-small cell lung cancer, and guselkumab for active psoriatic arthritis. Furthermore, advancements in monoclonal antibody development techniques such as hybridoma technology, g
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Fleischer, Johannes, Kalpana Singh, Volker Nölle, Jens Hellmer, and Jürgen Schmitz. "Recombinantly engineered antibodies for reproducible and background free flow cytometry analysis." Journal of Immunology 198, no. 1_Supplement (2017): 213.6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.198.supp.213.6.

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Abstract Antibodies are key reagents for numerous cell analysis applications. Therefore, the contribution of antibodies in experimental irreproducibility is being critically looked at. The majority of antibodies used in basic research are still derived from hybridoma technology established in 1975. As highlighted during recent debates, hybridoma-based antibodies are prone to quality issues, i.e., lot-to-lot variability and lack of specificity. In addition, the technology itself doesn’t allow any improvements in the quality and the properties of the antibodies. Recombinantly generated antibodie
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Trung, Nguyễn Thị, and Trương Nam Hải. "Isotyping antibodies produced from hybridoma A6G11C9." Vietnam Journal of Biotechnology 15, no. 1 (2018): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1811-4989/15/1/12318.

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Hybridoma technology was discovered in 1975 to produce the monoclonal antibodies. By this way, we can produce a desired antibody in large amounts. From a single hybrid cell line, they grow and develop to produce a monoclonal antibody with large enough quantities to use for the research, treatment and diagnosis. The level of the antibody producing is depended on the cell density and the incubation period. The growth capacity of each hybrid cell line depends on the composition of the substances in the culture medium of animal cells. Among them, fetal bovine serum is the most commonly used serum-
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