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Journal articles on the topic 'Hydraulic retarder'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Lei, Yulong, Pengxiang Song, Hongpeng Zheng, Yao Fu, Xingzhong Li, and Bin Song. "Application of fuzzy logic in constant speed control of hydraulic retarder." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 9, no. 2 (2017): 168781401769095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814017690956.

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Hydraulic retarders are extensively used in commercial vehicles because of their advantages, such as their large braking torque and long continuous operating hours. In this article, the structure and working principles of hydraulic retarders are introduced, and their dynamic characteristics are analyzed. The theoretical model of a hydraulic retarder is then established based on the dynamic analysis of a vehicle driving downhill. The braking process that involves the hydraulic retarder is divided into three stages. Moreover, the filling ratio controller of the hydraulic retarder is designed by

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2

Xu, Ming, and Hui Yuan Li. "Research on Constant Torque Control System Design for Hydraulic Retarder of Heavy Vehicle." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 2493–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.2493.

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The analysis of inner circulation circle flow characteristic of the partly filled hydraulic retarder during its braking course is carried out. a relation between the liquid filled ratio of the circulation circle in hydraulic retarder， the inner flow field pressure characteristic and the output torque characteristic of it is established, The control parameter token for the hydraulic retarder torque characteristic is acquired, then the Constant Torque Control System for Heavy Vehicle Hydraulic Retarder is formed. Through a test bed experiment of Constant Torque Control System for Heavy Vehicle H

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3

Wang, Kuiyang, Jinhua Tang, and Guoqing Li. "Research on Parametric Design of Hydraulic Retarder Based on Multi-Field Coupling of Heat, Fluid and Solid." Open Mechanical Engineering Journal 9, no. 1 (2015): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874155x01509010058.

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In order to optimize the design method and improve the performance of hydraulic retarder, the numerical simulation of multi-field coupling of heat, fluid and solid is carried out to hydraulic retarder, based on the numerical computation and algorithm of heat-fluid coupling and fluid-solid coupling. The computation models of heat-fluid coupling and fluid-solid coupling of hydraulic retarder are created. The three dimensional model of hydraulic retarder is established based on CATIA software, and the whole flow passage model of hydraulic retarder is extracted on the basis of the three dimensiona

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4

Li, Shu Mei, Wei Dong Luo, and Hui Pu Liu. "Influence of Hydraulic Retarder on Commercial Vehicle’s Rear Axle Sideslip." Applied Mechanics and Materials 525 (February 2014): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.525.193.

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Combined with the correlative parameters of a certain commercial vehicle, the change of brake forces match and the effect on vehicle’s brake stability was analyzed when using hydraulic retarder. In order to avoid the trend of rear axle sideslip, there is a limited brake torque for a commercial vehicle with fixed parameters. Then the state of the commercial vehicle was simulated using MATLAB, obtaining the allowable maximum hydraulic retarder gears at different initial brake speeds. The results indicate that when vehicle’s actual brake forces distribution value is changeless, this method can de

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5

Wang, Kui Yang, Jin Hua Tang, and Guo Qing Li. "Research on Coordination Control Strategy of Hydraulic Retarder and Friction Brake of Coach." Advanced Materials Research 1049-1050 (October 2014): 1009–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1049-1050.1009.

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Based on the matching relationship between curve I of ideal braking force distribution and curve β of brake’s braking force distribution, the effect of hydraulic retarder on braking stability of coach is analysed, and the ideal braking force distribution strategy between hydraulic retarder and friction brake is put forward. The coordination control strategy of braking force between hydraulic retarder and friction brake is analyzed, and the dynamic coordination control strategy based on double closed-loop control structure and the coordination control algorithm with Anti-lock brake system (ABS)

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6

Wu, Chao, Zhen Chuan Song, Shou Sheng Tang, and Wei Gang Shan. "The Experimental Study of Unload on Temperature Characteristics of Hydraulic Retarder." Applied Mechanics and Materials 620 (August 2014): 255–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.620.255.

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The experimental study of unload on temperature characteristics is put up for heavy vehicle hydraulic retarder, forms the retarder unload testing method of temperature characteristics, confirms the relationship between the temperature of hydraulic retarder inner cavity and unload torquecavity air density, which can be used to instruct the simulation of retarder inside flow field in unload condition and actualize method to reduce air losing, and it lays the foundation for developing mechanism research to reduce air losing of retarder.

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7

Kovalev, I. S. "MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER SIMULATION OF THE COMMERTIAL VEHICLE’S HYDRAULIC RETARDER." Vestnik SibADI 15, no. 3 (2018): 400–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.26518/2071-7296-2018-3-400-411.

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Introduction.The article represents the mathematical model of commercial vehicle’s hydraulic retarder. The model is based on the mathematical model of the variable filling hydraulic dynamometer.Materials and methods.The retarder model was designed with the possibility of its integration with the mathematical model of the engine cooling system. For this purpose, the state function of fluid temperature in a working chamber of the retarder was added to the retarder model. Consequently, fluid compression in the working chamber was included into the model to avoid unlimited filling because of possi

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8

Li, Hui Yuan, Ming Xu, and Chao Wu. "Flow Field Analysis and Experiment Study on Air Losing of Hydraulic Retarder." Advanced Materials Research 378-379 (October 2011): 94–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.378-379.94.

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Based on application characteristic of hydraulic retarder in combined braking, the generant mechanism of air losing is analyzed, by adding baffle-plate setting, air losing is reduced. Using CFD technology, the ameliorative hydraulic retarder is studied contrastively, and the results are in good agreement with the experiment.

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9

Chu, Ya Xu, and Jin He Lv. "Influence for Brake Torque of Hydraulic Retarder with Shape of Circulation Circle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 380-384 (August 2013): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.43.

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Based on CFD software platform, numerical simulation of 3-D with the internal characteristic of hydraulic retarder with different shape of circulation circle was simulated, and the RNG turbulence was adopted. Through the result show that under model circle shape of the shape of circulation circle of hydraulic retarder has the biggest static pressure and the fastest velocity magnititude and the biggest moment.

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10

Zhao, Xu Fei, Chang You Li, Xiao Wen Li, Feng Ying Xu, Zhi Wei Mai, and Yu Qiu. "Modal Analysis of the Hydraulic Retarder Shell." Advanced Materials Research 418-420 (December 2011): 2195–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.418-420.2195.

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The 3D model of THB40 hydraulic retarder shell was established which was based on the Pro/E modeling software. The model was simplified and was introduced to ANSYS Workbench as FEA model by ANSYS-Pro/E data interface. The constraints were imposed on the FEA model for the preceding six modal analysis. The former 6 order natural frequencies and the biggest resonance deformation is obtained to determine whether there are some vibration forms which have unfavorable effects on the vehicle and to avoid resonance phenomenon to appear. At the same time, it provides the reference for the further resear

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11

Li, Ronghao, Jue Yang, and Wenming Zhang. "Simulation Study of the Vehicle Hydraulic Retarder." International Journal of Control and Automation 8, no. 2 (2015): 263–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijca.2015.8.2.26.

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12

Li, Hui Yuan, Hai Ji, Xu Qing Qin, Chao Wu, and Yun Hu Wang. "Research on Racing Loss of a High-Power Hydraulic Retarder." Applied Mechanics and Materials 541-542 (March 2014): 574–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.541-542.574.

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This paper aims at the requirement of tracklayer gearing controlling racing power loss (for short racing loss), analyzed mechanism of generating racing loss of a high-power hydraulic retarder. By adding different number of baffle-plate equipment, racing loss was reduced. Using CFD technology, this paper studied contrastively the racing loss of hydraulic retarder in different condition, and compared with experiment result. The result indicated that the racing loss reduced obviously after fixing baffle-plate equipment, and the CFD simulation results agree well with the experimental results.

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13

Zheng, Hongpeng, Yulong Lei, and Pengxiang Song. "Designing the main controller of auxiliary braking systems for heavy-duty vehicles in nonemergency braking conditions." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 232, no. 9 (2017): 1605–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406217706386.

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With the development of the road industry, heavy-duty vehicles now require additional braking power to fulfill their braking requirements. Auxiliary braking systems, which include a hydraulic retarder and an engine brake, can provide additional braking force in nonemergency braking conditions. A water medium retarder is a new type of hydraulic retarder that can convert the kinetic energy of a vehicle into the thermal energy of coolant. This study introduces a novel auxiliary braking system involving a water medium retarder and an engine brake for heavy-duty vehicles. The specific forces of hea

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14

Song, Zhen Chuan, Hui Yuan Li, and Chao Wu. "CFD Simulation and Study of Air Pump Loss on Two Kinds of Retarders with Different Turbulent Structures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 620 (August 2014): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.620.3.

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Bench test and computational fluid dynamics (CFD ) simulation of the air pump loss on the 380 hydraulic retarder are completed in this paper . It turns out that the CFD simulation has nice reliability from the contrast of the air pump loss between the test and the simulation . And on this foundation , CFD simulation of two kinds of retarders with different turbulent structures is done . The contrast of the results of the simulation give the effects of different turbulent structures on cutting down the are pump loss .

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15

Chen, Ming, Xuexun Guo, Gangfeng Tan, Xiaofei Pei, and Wei Zhang. "Effects of blade lean angle on a hydraulic retarder." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 8, no. 5 (2016): 168781401664805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814016648056.

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16

Chu, Yaxu, Lin Liu, and Wengpeng Sun. "Simulation Research on the Viscosity Characteristics of Hydraulic Retarder." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1965, no. 1 (2021): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1965/1/012007.

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17

Li, Xiao Wen, Chang You Li, Xu Fei Zhao, Zhen Tai Li, and Jian Quan Wei. "Design and Finite Element Analysis in Hydraulic Retarder Bracket Based on ANSYS." Applied Mechanics and Materials 117-119 (October 2011): 146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.117-119.146.

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While hydraulic retarder installed on the transmission shaft, both ends of rotating shaft and transmission shaft are directly connected. It needs bracket to be fixed on the automobile frame, deformation of the bracket directly influenced the normal work and life span of the hydraulic retarder. So we must pay more attention to the strength of the bracket during our design. This paper obtained the stress state and the structural deformation situation under different structures, and confirmed the dangerous parts of the bracket by designing two different projects of the bracket and using ANSYS sof

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18

Liu, Chun-bao, Jing Li, Wei-yang Bu, Zhi-xuan Xu, Dong Xu, and Wen-xing Ma. "Application of scale-resolving simulation to a hydraulic coupling, a hydraulic retarder, and a hydraulic torque converter." Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A 19, no. 12 (2018): 904–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1631/jzus.a1700508.

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19

Mu, Hongbin, Wei Wei, Lingxing Kong, Yulong Zhao, and Qingdong Yan. "Braking characteristics integrating open working chamber model and hydraulic control system model in a hydrodynamic retarder." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 233, no. 6 (2018): 1952–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406218780510.

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Hydraulic control system has important influence on the steady and transient braking performance of a hydrodynamic retarder. The braking characteristics of hydrodynamic retarder regulated by hydraulic control system should be investigated first, before designing and making the braking strategy and control method. The accurate and detailed braking characteristics models of open working chamber and hydraulic control system are established, integrated, and validated by steady and dynamic experimental data. Based on full factorial design experimental method, the influence of control parameters on

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20

Liu, Wei, Gangfeng Tan, Xuexun Guo, Jiafan Li, Yuanqi Gao, and Wei Li. "Boiling Coolant Vapor Fraction Analysis for Cooling the Hydraulic Retarder." SAE International Journal of Engines 8, no. 4 (2015): 1629–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2015-01-1611.

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21

Yang, Bo, Sijing Guo, Xiaofei Pei, Chaoxian Wu, and Xuexun Guo. "Hydraulic retarder torque control for heavy duty vehicle longitudinal control." International Journal of Heavy Vehicle Systems 26, no. 6 (2019): 854. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijhvs.2019.10023846.

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22

Wu, Chaoxian, Xuexun Guo, Bo Yang, Xiaofei Pei, and Sijing Guo. "Hydraulic retarder torque control for heavy duty vehicle longitudinal control." International Journal of Heavy Vehicle Systems 26, no. 6 (2019): 854. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijhvs.2019.102694.

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23

Yan, Jun. "Analysis of the Stress Intensity of Rotor Blade in Hydraulic Retarder." Advanced Materials Research 179-180 (January 2011): 1453–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.179-180.1453.

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Based on CFD numeric simulation for hydraulic retarder under full-filled condition, the pressure distribution functions of the rotor blades surfaces are approached by coordinate transformation and surface fitting. Through the APDL program, loads which involved not only centrifugal force but also flow pressure are loaded on the FEA model according to the approximating pressure functions. The FEA model is solved and the blades strength is analyzed more accurately. Noted moment and speed, that is respectively 4000 N • m and 1343rpm, is determined under the promise of blade strength, and controlli

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24

Xiao, Hui, and Ya Xu Chu. "Effect of Blade Inclining Angle on Internal Characteristic of Hydraulic Retarder." Applied Mechanics and Materials 664 (October 2014): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.664.89.

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Based on CFD software platform the numerical simulation of internal characteristic of hydraulic retarder was performed by moving mesh method with the RNG turbulence model and the SIMPLEC algorithm simultaneously, the internal characteristics of velocity and pressure distribution were analyzed through the numerical simulation and post-processing. Comparing the calculation braking torque with the simulation results. The result shows that the model under 42°vane degree has the biggest impact.

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25

Chunbao, Liu, Ge Linshan, Ma Wenxing, and Li Xuesong. "Multiobjective Optimization Design of Double-Row Blades Hydraulic Retarder with Surrogate Model." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 7, no. 2 (2014): 508185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/508185.

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26

Wang, Changcheng, Bo Zou, Zhanyu Zhan, et al. "Research on FSI Analyses of Blade Cascade Structural Strength of Hydraulic Retarder." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 237 (March 19, 2019): 032084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/237/3/032084.

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27

Chen, Ming, Xuexun Guo, Gangfeng Tan, and Zhigang Fang. "Thermodynamic analysis and fluid selection for hydraulic retarder waste heat organic rankine cycle." Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy 36, no. 2 (2016): 548–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ep.12508.

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28

Chen, Ming, Xuexun Guo, and Gangfeng Tan. "Heat source temperature control investigation of a hydraulic retarder based organic Rankine cycle." International Journal of Vehicle Performance 3, no. 4 (2017): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvp.2017.086910.

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29

Liu, Chunbao, Weiyang Bu, and Tongjian Wang. "Numerical investigation on effects of thermophysical properties on fluid flow in hydraulic retarder." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 114 (November 2017): 1146–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2017.06.124.

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30

Park, In-Sung, Hyun Jang, and Jeong-Se Suh. "Numerical Analysis Study on the Fluid Flow Characteristics of Hydraulic Retarder for Heavy Vehicles." Journal of The Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers 24, no. 1 (2015): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7735/ksmte.2015.24.1.069.

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31

Li, Xue-song, Qing-tao Wu, Li-ying Miao, Yu-ying Yak, and Chun-bao Liu. "Scale-resolving simulations and investigations of the flow in a hydraulic retarder considering cavitation." Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A 21, no. 10 (2020): 817–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1631/jzus.a1900466.

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32

Song, Zhenchuan, Huiyuan Li, and Ming Xu. "Experimental Study on Braking Performance of an AT Integrated Hydraulic Retarder of HPT Series." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1626 (October 2020): 012102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1626/1/012102.

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33

Wei, Wei, Bo Zou, Qing Dong Yan, and Hui Yuan Li. "Study on Accurate Strength Analysis of Blade Wheel in Vehicular Hydraulic Retarder Based on Sequential Coupling Method." Advanced Materials Research 346 (September 2011): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.346.103.

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Based on theory of fluid-solid interaction (FSI), a three dimensional finite element computational model of blade wheel in a vehicular hydraulic retarder was built considering accurate fluid pressure and centrifugal stress with unidirectional FSI method, and viscous numerical simulation of computational fluid dynamics and then strength analysis were implemented, and the reliability of blade wheel was verified. The results showed that incipient fault of safety existed in the root of rotor blade, and the method of accurate strength analysis was credible and facilitate on the platform of commerci

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34

Zhong, Youkun. "Design and Analysis of Thermal Management System of Power Matching Transmission in Energy Machinery." International Journal of Heat and Technology 39, no. 2 (2021): 629–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijht.390234.

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With the technical development of energy conservation and emission reduction technology, the internal structure of engineering machinery has become denser. The rising full-machine heat load that ensues challenges the effect of the cooling system. In the traditional thermal management system for the transmission in energy machinery, the cooling capacity does not fully match the load of each subsystem, and the thermal management components cannot adapt to the dynamic cooling demand of engineering machinery. To solve these problems, this paper designs and analyzes the thermal management system of

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35

Tian, Jinshan, Desheng Li, and Lezhi Ye. "Study on Braking Characteristics of a Novel Eddy Current-Hydraulic Hybrid Retarder for Heavy-Duty Vehicles." IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 35, no. 3 (2020): 1658–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tec.2020.2978304.

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36

Wu, Chaoxian, Xiaofei Pei, Zhenfu Chen, Xuexun Guo, and Bo Yang. "Heavy-duty vehicle longitudinal automation with hydraulic retarder via H infinity control and off-policy reinforcement learning." International Journal of Vehicle Design 82, no. 1/2/3/4 (2020): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvd.2020.10036462.

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37

Wu, Chaoxian, Xuexun Guo, Bo Yang, Xiaofei Pei, and Zhenfu Chen. "Heavy-duty vehicle longitudinal automation with hydraulic retarder via H infinity control and off-policy reinforcement learning." International Journal of Vehicle Design 82, no. 1/2/3/4 (2020): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvd.2020.113914.

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38

Bu, Weiyang, Guang Shen, Haifeng Qiu, and Chunbao Liu. "Investigation on the dynamic influence of thermophysical properties of transmission medium on the internal flow field for hydraulic retarder." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 126 (November 2018): 1367–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.05.037.

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39

Zheng, Hongpeng, Yulong Lei, and Pengxiang Song. "Design of a filling ratio observer for a hydraulic retarder: An analysis of vehicle thermal management and dynamic braking system." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 8, no. 10 (2016): 168781401667409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814016674098.

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40

Mohiuddin, Khawar, Minhoo Choi, Junkyu Park, and Sungwook Park. "Effect of hydraulic flow rate, injection timing, and exhaust gas recirculation on particulate and gaseous emissions in a light-duty diesel engine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 234, no. 5 (2019): 1279–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407019875296.

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Nozzle hydraulic flow rate is a critical parameter that affects the combustion process and plays a vital role in the production of emissions from a diesel engine. In this study, injection characteristics, such as normalized injection rate and spray tip penetration, were analyzed for different hydraulic flow rate injectors with the help of spray experiments. To further investigate the effects of hydraulic flow rate on engine-out particulate and gaseous emissions, engine experiments were performed for different values of hydraulic flow rate in multiple injectors. Various operating conditions and

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41

Song, Lianfa. "Modeling and Optimization of Membrane Process for Salinity Gradient Energy Production." Separations 8, no. 5 (2021): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations8050064.

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When hydraulic pressure was added on the feed side of the membrane in the otherwise conventional pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) process, the production rate of the salinity gradient energy could be significantly increased by manipulating the hydraulic pressures on both sides of the membrane. With hydraulic pressure added on the feed side of the membrane, much higher water flux could be obtained than that under the osmotic pressure of the same value. The osmotic pressure of the draw solution, instead of drawing water through the membrane, was mainly reserved to increase the hydraulic pressure

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42

You, Kwang Suk, Ji Whan Ahn, Bong Han Lee, and Choon Han. "Hydraulic Properties of Tetracalcium Aluminoferrite with Adsorption of Silicate Ions." Materials Science Forum 510-511 (March 2006): 994–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.510-511.994.

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The results obtained in this study confirm that the hydration of C4AF (C: CaO, A: Al2O3, F: F2O3) is retarded by the presence of silicate ions in the solution. In practical terms, C4AF has a low hydraulic reactivity in solution containing silicate ions. The silicate ions in the solution are adsorbed on the surface of the C4AF particles, and they form a silica layer on the surface. From the results of the calculation with the DX-Xα method, it is also believed that silicate ions adsorbed on the surface are very stable, and that there are strong interactions between silicate ions and the surface

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43

Sterling, G., G. D. McBain, J. A. Harris, and M. Boland. "Drainage after total knee replacement." ANZIAM Journal 48, no. 2 (2006): 199–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1446181100003035.

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AbstractA simple lumped hydraulic model of knee drainage following arthroplasty is developed incorporating a pressure-volume equation of state for the knee capsule and a wound healing rate dynamically retarded by the blood flow-induced shear stress. The resulting second-order nonlinear ordinary differential system is examined numerically and qualitatively to map the parameter space. In the model, moderate suction or a slight back-pressure promotes gradual drainage and healing whereas excessive suction can lead to a bifurcation in which healing is retarded or even prevented. Guided, then, by th

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44

Amornraksa, Suksun, Kanokporn Youyen, and Lida Simasatitkul. "Performance analysis of two-stage pressure retarded osmosis." E3S Web of Conferences 302 (2021): 01012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130201012.

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The performance of a two-stage pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) for power generation with a total membrane length of 1 meter was investigated and analyzed in this work. Two feed configurations of freshwater and seawater were studied: one with the freshwater entering at the first stage only and the other with freshwater entering at both stages. The effect of membrane length and flow ratio between freshwater and seawater on the PRO performance were also examined. The results revealed that the performances of both feed configurations were quite similar. The membrane with a shorter length offered a

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45

Suh, Dongwoo, Hongsik Yoon, and Jeyong Yoon. "Effect of Hydraulic Pressure on Organic Fouling in Pressure Retarded Osmosis (PRO) Process." Journal of the Korean Society of Water and Wastewater 29, no. 1 (2015): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.11001/jksww.2015.29.1.133.

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46

Izumi, Hidemi, and Atsuo Fujii. "Vase Life of Cut Rose Flowers Harvested at Different Months and Treated with Poly(2-Hydroxypropyldimethylammonium Chloride)." HortScience 33, no. 3 (1998): 486e—486. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.3.486e.

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Flowering rose (cv. Rote Rose) stems, harvested at different months of the year, were placed in 250 ppm poly(2-hydroxypropyl-dimethylammonium chloride)(PHPAC) solution or in water as the control at 4 °C for 24 h. They were then transferred to water and held at 20 °C for 6 or 7 days. Bent-neck of control roses was the greatest with those harvested in July, least with December or May harvest, and intermediate with October harvest, and occurred after day 2, 4, 4, and 3 at 20 °C, respectively. PHPAC reduced the occurrence and degree of bent-neck of all roses and had the greatest inhibitory effect

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47

Wegner, Lars H. "A pump/leak model of growth: the biophysics of cell elongation in higher plants revisited." Functional Plant Biology 44, no. 2 (2017): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp16184.

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Current concepts of growth hydraulics in higher plants are critically revisited, and it is concluded that they partly fail to interpret the experimental data adequately, particularly in the case of hydroponics-grown roots. Theoretical considerations indicate that the growth rate in roots is controlled by the extensibility of the cell wall, excluding water availability (i.e. hydraulic conductance) as a major constraint. This is supported by the findings that the growth rate does not scale with turgor, and that no radial nor axial water potential gradients have been observed in the root elongati

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48

Zhang, Huyuan, Bo Yang, Guangwei Zhang, and Xuechao Zhang. "Sewage sludge as barrier material for heavy metals in waste landfill." Archives of Environmental Protection 42, no. 2 (2016): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aep-2016-0020.

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Abstract Heavy metal pollutants in the leachate of waste landfill are a potential threat to the environment. In this study, the feasibility of using municipal sewage sludge as barrier material for the containment of heavy metal pollutants from solid waste landfills was evaluated by compaction test and hydraulic conductivity test concerning compaction property, impermeability and heavy metal retardation. Results of the compaction test showed that the maximum dry density of 0.79 g·cm−3 was achieved at the optimum water content of about 60%. The hydraulic conductivities of compacted sewage sludge

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Straub, Anthony P., Ngai Yin Yip, and Menachem Elimelech. "Raising the Bar: Increased Hydraulic Pressure Allows Unprecedented High Power Densities in Pressure-Retarded Osmosis." Environmental Science & Technology Letters 1, no. 1 (2013): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ez400117d.

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Kim, Jihye, Jungmin Lee, Seung-Hyun Kim, and Joon Ha Kim. "Impact of hydraulic pressure and pH on organic fouling in pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) process." Desalination and Water Treatment 57, no. 22 (2015): 10121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1043489.

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