Relevant bibliographies by topics / Hydrocarbons Petroleum

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Hydrocarbons Petroleum'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Hydrocarbons Petroleum"

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Truskewycz, Adam, Taylor D. Gundry, Leadin S. Khudur, Adam Kolobaric, Mohamed Taha, Arturo Aburto-Medina, Andrew S. Ball, and Esmaeil Shahsavari. "Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contamination in Terrestrial Ecosystems—Fate and Microbial Responses." Molecules 24, no. 18 (September 19, 2019): 3400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24183400.

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Petroleum hydrocarbons represent the most frequent environmental contaminant. The introduction of petroleum hydrocarbons into a pristine environment immediately changes the nature of that environment, resulting in reduced ecosystem functionality. Natural attenuation represents the single, most important biological process which removes petroleum hydrocarbons from the environment. It is a process where microorganisms present at the site degrade the organic contaminants without the input of external bioremediation enhancers (i.e., electron donors, electron acceptors, other microorganisms or nutrients). So successful is this natural attenuation process that in environmental biotechnology, bioremediation has developed steadily over the past 50 years based on this natural biodegradation process. Bioremediation is recognized as the most environmentally friendly remediation approach for the removal of petroleum hydrocarbons from an environment as it does not require intensive chemical, mechanical, and costly interventions. However, it is under-utilized as a commercial remediation strategy due to incomplete hydrocarbon catabolism and lengthy remediation times when compared with rival technologies. This review aims to describe the fate of petroleum hydrocarbons in the environment and discuss their interactions with abiotic and biotic components of the environment under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Furthermore, the mechanisms for dealing with petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in the environment will be examined. When petroleum hydrocarbons contaminate land, they start to interact with its surrounding, including physical (dispersion), physiochemical (evaporation, dissolution, sorption), chemical (photo-oxidation, auto-oxidation), and biological (plant and microbial catabolism of hydrocarbons) interactions. As microorganism (including bacteria and fungi) play an important role in the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons, investigations into the microbial communities within contaminated soils is essential for any bioremediation project. This review highlights the fate of petroleum hydrocarbons in tertial environments, as well as the contributions of different microbial consortia for optimum petroleum hydrocarbon bioremediation potential. The impact of high-throughput metagenomic sequencing in determining the underlying degradation mechanisms is also discussed. This knowledge will aid the development of more efficient, cost-effective commercial bioremediation technologies.
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Bekturova, Assemgul, Zhannur Markhametova, and Zhaksylyk Masalimov. "Plasmids Role in Survival of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus A1 Exposed to UV-Radiation and Hydrocarbons." Advanced Materials Research 905 (April 2014): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.905.151.

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The role of plasmids in hydrocarbon-degrading bacteriaAcinetobacter calcoaceticus A1survival to UV-radiation and hydrocarbons was studied. Natural plasmids-containingA. calcoaceticus A1showed high resistance to UV-radiation.A. calcoaceticus A1showed active growth under exposed to UV-radiation for up to 30 minutes. Combined effects of UV-radiation and petroleum hydrocarbons did not considerably reduce the growth of strains. It was shown a stimulating effect of UV-radiation on the growth curves of strains ofA. calcoaceticus A1. Constructed recombinant strain (E.coli XL blueRec) showed the ability to grow on medium with addition petroleum hydrocarbons. Combined effects of UV-radiation and petroleum hydrocarbons have had a negative effect on the growth ofE.coli XL blueRec. Thus, results showed that the plasmid DNA of natural hydrocarbon-degrading bacteriaA. calcoaceticus A1may contain genes of microbial resistance to UV - radiation and petroleum hydrocarbons.
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Liu, Jianbo, Liming Xu, Feifei Zhu, and Shouhao Jia. "Effects of surfactants on the remediation of petroleum contaminated soil and surface hydrophobicity of petroleum hydrocarbon degrading flora." Environmental Engineering Research 26, no. 5 (September 20, 2020): 200384–0. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/eer.2020.384.

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It has been proven that surfactants used in the remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil have great application potential. In this study, the effects of five surfactants (SDBS, Tween80, Tween60, rhamnolipid and TRS-1) on leaching of petroleum hydrocarbons from soil were investigated through orthogonal experiments, and petroleum hydrocarbon components were analyzed by GC/MS. The effects of surfactants on the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon were analyzed by the changes of microbial growth curve and surface hydrophobicity. The results showed that surfactant type, temperature and surfactant concentration had significant effects on the removal rate of petroleum hydrocarbon. Tween80, rhamnolipid and TRS-1 have good bio-friendliness and a high removal rate of petroleum hydrocarbons (up to 65%), suitable for the restoration of the soil used in the experiment And Surfactants exhibited a higher removal rate for small molecules and petroleum hydrocarbons with odd carbon atoms. Surfactants have a certain modification effect on the surface of relatively hydrophilic bacteria under the initial conditions, making their surface properties develop in the direction of enhanced hydrophobicity, and the hydrophobicity has increased from less than 20% to about 40%.
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Sun, Xiao Nan, An Ping Liu, Wen Ting Sun, and Shu Chang Jin. "The Remedial Effect of the Decomposing Bacteria on Different Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contamination." Advanced Materials Research 414 (December 2011): 88–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.414.88.

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Petroleum contamination has become one of the major soil contaminations. Aiming at petroleum hydrocarbon contamination, the multi-group opposite experiments is set; this paper use some petroleum hydrocarbon-decomposing bacteria to remedy the soil contaminated by different carbon chain petroleum hydrocarbons. Compare and study the remedial results, and study the growth of the bacteria in the decomposing process. The Study shows that the degradation rate of the bacteria to short-chain petroleum hydrocarbons is relatively high; Within 40 days without nutrient substance, degradation rate of bacteria to gasoline and diesel is 80%, degradation rate of bacteria to aromatics and lubricants is 50%, the trend of bacteria’s growth curve and the degradation rate curve of each component are approximate.
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Gurov, Yuri P., Evgeny О. Zemlianskii, Andrey G. Mozyrev, and Slavik G. Agaev. "PARAMETERS CRYSTALLIZATION PROCESSES AND SOLID PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS DISSOLUTION." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENII KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 63, no. 6 (May 13, 2020): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20206306.6181.

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In the proposed work, the experimental data on the processes of crystallization and different nature waxy hydrocarbons recrystallization in hydrocarbon solvents have been compared. T-1 technical paraffin (GOST 23683-89) with the melting point of 54 °С and ceresin-80 (GOST 2488-79) with the dropping temperature of 80 °C have been used. РТ-1 kerosene (GOST 10227-86) and de-waxed oil of fraction 420-490 °С have been used as hydrocarbon solvents. The experimental data on crystallization and recrystallization processes of paraffin wax with a melting temperature of 54 ºC and ceresin with a dropping temperature of 80 °C in kerosene and dewaxed oil are presented in this paper. It is shown that chemical structure has the main influence on the processes of crystallization and recrystallization of solid petroleum hydrocarbons. An exceedance of solid hydrocarbons solution temperatures tр above their cloud points tп has been observed which is explained by hysteretic processes. The temperature difference Δt = tр- tп depends on the solid hydrocarbons nature and their content in solvents. Wax solutions in kerosene have higher values Δt relative to ceresin solutions in kerosene, which can be explained by the difference in chemical structure of solid hydrocarbons. With the increase in solid hydrocarbons content in their solvents due to the differences in solid hydrocarbons diffusion rate, Δt decreases. The discovered regularities of solid hydrocarbons crystallization and recrystallization should be taken into account in the processes of paraffin oil production, transportation and processing.
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Gargouri, Boutheina, Najla Mhiri, Fatma Karray, Fathi Aloui, and Sami Sayadi. "Isolation and Characterization of Hydrocarbon-Degrading Yeast Strains from Petroleum Contaminated Industrial Wastewater." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/929424.

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Two yeast strains are enriched and isolated from industrial refinery wastewater. These strains were observed for their ability to utilize several classes of petroleum hydrocarbons substrates, such asn-alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons as a sole carbon source. Phylogenetic analysis based on the D1/D2 variable domain and the ITS-region sequences indicated that strains HC1 and HC4 were members of the generaCandidaandTrichosporon, respectively. The mechanism of hydrocarbon uptaking by yeast,Candida,andTrichosporonhas been studied by means of the kinetic analysis of hydrocarbons-degrading yeasts growth and substrate assimilation. Biodegradation capacity and biomass quantity were daily measured during twelve days by gravimetric analysis and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry techniques. Removal ofn-alkanes indicated a strong ability of hydrocarbon biodegradation by the isolated yeast strains. These two strains grew on long-chainn-alkane, diesel oil, and crude oil but failed to grow on short-chainn-alkane and aromatic hydrocarbons. Growth measurement attributes of the isolates, usingn-hexadecane, diesel oil, and crude oil as substrates, showed that strain HC1 had better degradation for hydrocarbon substrates than strain HC4. In conclusion, these yeast strains can be useful for the bioremediation process and decreasing petroleum pollution in wastewater contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons.
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Sharma, S. S., and A. Vashishtha. "Physicochemical characterisation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated land of Guru Gobind Singh refinery’s peripheral area, Punjab." Environment Conservation Journal 22, no. 1&2 (June 19, 2021): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.2021.221230.

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Petroleum hydrocarbons are a critical environmental contaminant and pose a serious hazard to the living system as petroleum hydrocarbons are identified as carcinogenic and neurotoxic organic pollutants. Therefore, remedial methods are required to dispose of it. With a modern understanding of nature and microorganisms, bioremediation is the preferred method for soil pollution control. However, before the implementation of successful bioremediation technology, it is required to assess various physico-chemical parameters of contaminated soil. In the present study, various physico-chemical parameters, including pH, electrical conductivity, water holding capacity, organic carbon, organic matter, available nitrogen, carbonate, bicarbonate, potassium and sodium contents of the petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil were estimated. The results suggested a rise in all the estimated parameters for the petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil.
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Petrov, Al A., and N. N. Abryutina. "Isoprenoid petroleum hydrocarbons." Russian Chemical Reviews 58, no. 6 (June 30, 1989): 575–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/rc1989v058n06abeh003461.

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AL-Kindi, A. Y. A., J. A. Brown, and C. P. Waring. "Endocrine, Physiological and Histopathological Responses of Fish and their Larvae to Stress with Emphasis on Exposure to Crude Oil and Various Petroleum Hydrocarbons." Sultan Qaboos University Journal for Science [SQUJS] 5 (December 1, 2000): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/squjs.vol5iss0pp1-30.

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Various endocrine and physiological responses of fish exposed to forceful physical and chemical stimuli are reviewed with emphasis on the effects of crude oils and their hydrocarbon constituents. The chemistry and toxicity of petroleum hydrocarbons are examined and methods for experimental exposure of fish to crude oil and petroleum hydrocarbons are considered. A variety of blood-borne parameters recognized as reliable tools in determining the relative severity of stress in fish are reviewed. The effects of stress and petroleum hydrocarbons on endocrine responses including changes in plasma catecholamines, corticosteroids, and thyroid hormones are reviewed. The physiological responses: changes in plasma glucose, osmotic and ionic regulation, blood oxygen, hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration are explored, and histopathological effects of crude oil on fish are reviewed. Recent studies of the effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on fish larvae are considered and the increased sensitivity of the early life stages of fish are highlighted.
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Thi Quynh Hoa, Kieu, Nguyen Vu Giang, Nguyen Thi Yen, Mai Duc Huynh, Nguyen Huu Dat, Vuong Thi Nga, Nguyen Thi Thu Ha, and Pham Thi Phuong. "Enhanced bioremediation of crude oil polluted water by a hydrocarbon-degrading Bacillus strain immobilized on polyurethane foam." Vietnam Journal of Biotechnology 18, no. 3 (November 28, 2020): 581–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1811-4989/18/3/15714.

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During the production and transportation of petroleum hydrocarbons, unsuitable operation and leakage may result in contamination of water and soil with petroleum hydrocarbons. Petroleum contamination causes significant marine environmental impacts and presents substantial hazards to human health. Bioremediation of contaminated water and soil is currently the effective and least harmful method of removing petroleum hydrocarbons from the environment. To improve the survival and retention of the bioremediation agents in the contaminated sites, microbial cells must be immobilized. It was demonstrated that immobilized microbial cells present advantages for degrading petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants compared to free suspended cells. In this study, the ability of a Bacillus strain (designed as Bacillus sp. VTVK15) to immobilize on PUF and to degrade crude oil was investigated. The immobilized Bacilllus strain had the highest number (5.38 ± 0.12 Í 108 CFU/g PUF) and a maximum attachment efficiency of 92% on PUF after 8 days. Analysis by GC-MS revealed that both free and immobilized cells of Bacillus sp. VTVK15 were able to degrade 65 and 90% of the hydrocarbons in 2% (v/v) crude oil tested after 14 days, respectively. The results suggest the potential of using PUF-immobilized Bacillus sp. VTVK15 to bioremediate petroleum hydrocarbons in an open marine environment.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hydrocarbons Petroleum"

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Mejeha, Obioma Kelechi. "Biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in soils co-contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals derived from petroleum." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3391.

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The biodegradation of sites co-contaminated by organic pollutants and Heavy Metals is often a challenge due to the inhibition of microbial activities. Microbes play important role in the mineralization of petroleum hydrocarbons to CO2 by utilizing petroleum hydrocarbons as a carbon/ energy source. Heavy metals are often constituents of petroleum. Petroleum spills may result to the release associated metals (e.g. Ni, Cd, Pb, As) into the environment. Subsequent spills may cause an increase in metal concentrations in soils that may build to concentrations above intervention values. This may result to the inhibition of important biological activities such as the biodegradation of organic contaminants. This research investigates the effects of Ni, Cd and Pb contamination on biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in complex soil system using a microbiological approach combined with geochemical approach. Such an approach will provide a more detailed understanding of the patterns of oil degradation under different and increasing metal stresses and how microbial communities change in such environments. Results indicated that Ni has stimulatory or no effects on biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in soils depending on the chemical form of added Ni. The stimulatory effect was observed in Ni-Porphyrin contaminated soils and declined with increasing Ni concentration. In NiO soils, no effects occurred at low concentrations and increased concentration of Ni resulted to increased inhibition of biodegradation. This is unlike NiCl2 amended soils where Ni effects on biodegradation were neutral irrespective of Ni concentration. The microbial diversity study of the microbial soil community indicated that there was a selective enrichment of species in the soil communities. Phylogenetic study indicated that the dominant microorganism in the community is a strain of Rhodococcus (100%), which was closely related to most Rhodococcus strains isolated from hydrocarbon-contaminated environments, metal contaminated environments and extreme environments. Results indicated that Cd inhibited biodegradation of crude oil in soils, irrespective of Cd form or concentrations. The inhibitory effect increased with increasing concentrations. Also, the microbial diversity study of the microbial soil community indicated that there was a selective enrichment of species in the soil communities. Similar to Ni, Phylogenetic study indicated that the dominant microorganism in the community is a strain of Rhodococcus. Also biodegradation of petroleum was significantly reduced in crude oil degrading short-term Pb contaminated soils, irrespective of Pb form or concentration. However, in long-term Pb contaminated soils, while maximal rate of petroleum degradation reduced at high- Pb concentration, no effect was observed at low lead concentration. Also, the microbial diversity study of the microbial soil community indicated that there was a selective enrichment of species in the soil communities. Two dominating specie were identified in Pb-soils depending on soil. Both are closely related to a strain belonging to Bacillales that were originally isolated Rock, Scopulibacillus darangshiensis strain (98%) and oil contaminated soil Bacillus circulans (99%). While the former dominated in Pb -short-term contaminated soils as well as Pb-long term contaminated soil at high concentration, the later dominated long-term-Pb contaminated soil at low concentration.
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Critchley, John G. "Composting of soils contaminated with heavy petroleum hydrocarbons." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0016/MQ48146.pdf.

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Agbeotu, Emibra E. "Plant enhanced biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=59440.

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Hydrocarbons in soil may assert acute or chronic impacts to plants, animals and microbial processes if contacted. These have raised political and scientific concerns. Consequential research efforts corroborated that constitutive microorganisms contact the compounds for their metabolic activities. This may result in mineralisation, transformation and/or detoxification (biodegradation) of the compounds. Hydrocarbon biodegradation is relatively cost-effective and ecological, but often marred with limited availability to plant or animal cells (bioavailability) for metabolism. Several authors reported that growth of some plants or administration of requisite rootexudates into soil with hydrocarbons often increases hydrocarbon bioavailability for enhanced biodegradation. However, development of knowledge about this respite from plants is often founded on impacts of plants on single dose or selected mixture of hydrocarbons in soils or culture solutions. These do not; and cannot represent the heterogeneous complex mixture of numerous organic and inorganic compounds in soils where plants grow naturally. In this study, synthetic root-exudates, seedlings of lupin and ryegrass were applied separately into respective soils that were contaminated with aged and/or fresh petroleum hydrocarbons. Individual impacts of the treatments on bulk hydrocarbon concentrations, rate of microbial respiration and total numbers of culturable bacterial colonies in the soils were investigated. Results suggested that application of lupin, ryegrass or synthetic root-exudates into the soils significantly (p ≤ 0.05) induced reduction or upsurge of hydrocarbon biodegradation end-points relative to the type and concentration of hydrocarbons in soil. Thus, it is inferred that growth of plants or administration of root-exudates into hydrocarbon contaminated soils could result in enhanced biodegradation of hydrocarbons in soil.
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Adelaja, O. "Bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons using microbial fuel cells." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2015. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/9qvyy/bioremediation-of-petroleum-hydrocarbons-using-microbial-fuel-cells.

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Environmental pollution by petroleum hydrocarbons has serious environmental consequences on critical natural resources upon which all living things (including mankind) largely depend. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) could be employed in the treatment of these environmental pollutants with concomitant bioelectricity generation. Therefore, the overarching objective of this study was to develop an MFC system for the effective and efficient treatment of petroleum hydrocarbons in both liquid and particulate systems. Biodegradation of target hydrocarbons, phenanthrene and benzene, was investigated in dual-chambered microbial fuel cells (MFCs) using different inoculum types - Shewanella oneidensis MR1 14063, Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCTC 10662, mixed cultures and their combinations thereof. All the inocula showed high potentials for phenanthrene and benzene degradation in liquid systems with a minimum degradation efficiency of 97 % and 86 % respectively with concomitant power production (up to 1.25 mWm-2). The performance of MFCs fed with a mixture of phenanthrene and benzene under various operating conditions - temperature, substrate concentration, addition of surfactants and cathodic electron acceptor type – was investigated. The interaction effects of three selected operating parameters - external resistance, salinity and redox mediator were also investigated using response surface methodology. The outcomes of this study demonstrated the robustness of MFCs with good degradation performance (range 80 - 98 %) and maximum power production up to 10 mWm-2 obtained at different treatment conditions. Interactive effects existed among the chosen independent factors with external resistance having a significant impact on MFC performance, with maximum power output of 24 mWm-2 obtained at optimised conditions - external resistance (69.80 kΩ) , redox mediator (29.30μM, Riboflavin) and salinity (1.3 % w/v NaCl). The treatment of a mixture of phenanthrene and benzene using two different tubular MFCs designed for both in situ and ex situ applications in aqueous systems was investigated over long operational periods (up to 155 days). The outcomes of this work demonstrated stable MFC performance at harsh nutrient conditions and ambient temperatures. Simultaneous removal of petroleum hydrocarbons (> 90 %) and bromate, used as catholyte, (up to 79 %) with concomitant biogenic electricity generation (i.e. peak power density up to 6.75 mWm-2) were observed. The performance of a tubular MFC system in phenanthrene-contaminated soil was investigated in the last study. The outcomes of this work has demonstrated the simultaneous removal of phenanthrene (86%) and bromate (95%) coupled with concomitant bioelectricity generation (about 4.69 mWm-2) using MFC systems within a radius of influence (ROI) up to 8 cm. The overall outcomes of this study suggest the possible application of MFC technology in the effective treatment of petroleum hydrocarbons contaminated groundwater or industrial effluents and soil systems (mostly in subsurface environments), with concomitant energy recovery. MFC technology could potentially be utilised as an independent system in lieu of other bioremediation technologies (e.g. pump and treat, electrobioremediation or permeable reactive barriers) or integrated with existing infrastructure such as monitoring wells or piezometers.
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Phillips, Pamela June. "Microbial degradation of hydrocarbons in aqueous systems." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2003. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/842666/.

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There is a vast worldwide consumption of petroleum hydrocarbons and accidental release in to the environment is common. For example petroleum forecourt retail outlets have 'interceptors' to prevent release of hydrocarbons into the environment. The aim of this study was to investigate options for in-situ bioremediation of the hydrocarbon substrates within these 'interceptors' in a laboratory model. The initial studies on bioremediation were undertaken with diesel as the substrate. It was shown that the addition of nitrogen and phosphorus to the system increased hydrocarbon mineralisation by a factor of 16, resulting in increased carbon dioxide evolution. There was strong evidence indicating that nitrogen and phosphorus were the limiting factor for hydrocarbon metabolism in this aqueous system. Trichoderma harzianum and a soil bacterial isolate LFC D1 FI were assessed and shown to degrade hexadecane and pristane. The positive affect of adding a cosubstrate was evident in flask studies; the rates of degradation by LFC D1 FI and T. harzianum were approximately doubled and tripled respectively in the presence of glucose compared to treatments without glucose. Previous attention has focused on the ability of Phanerochaete chrysosporium to degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; in this study the degradation of aliphatics was investigated. Spores from P. chrysosporium induced on the hydrocarbon substrate were found to be necessary to degrade hexadecane. Pseudomonas putida was unable to grow in liquid media containing hydrocarbons, however on solid media and in an aqueous environment containing acid-washed sand, degradation of hydrocarbons was evident, hi the presence of sand P. putida degraded both hexadecane and pristane by 70% of the initial concentration added; in the absence of sand no degradation in the aqueous system was seen. This suggests surface attachment plays an important role in hydrocarbon degradation by P. putida. The attachment and use of the sessile P. putida in aliphatic hydrocarbon degradation is discussed.
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Vogdt, Joachim. "Bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02132009-172348/.

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Ucankus, Tugba. "Modeling Natural Attenuation Of Petroleum Hydrocarbons (btex) In Heterogeneous Aquifers." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606869/index.pdf.

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Natural Attenuation can be an effective cleanup option for remediation of Groundwater contamination by BTEX. One of the important aspects of the methodology that has been recognized recently is that mass removal rates, the most important parameters used to determine effectiveness of the methodology, is controlled by groundwater flow regime, which to a large extent controlled by aquifer heterogeneity. Considering this recognition, the primary objective of this research is to quantitatively describe the relationship between natural attenuation rates of BTEX and aquifer heterogeneity using numerical solution techniques. To represent different levels of aquifer heterogeneity, hydraulic conductivity distributions are simulated using Turning Bands Algorithm, changing statistical parameters Coefficient of Variation (CV) and correlation length (h). Visual MODFLOW is used to model the transport of BTEX contamination, at different hydraulic conductivity fields. Degradation rates are calculated by Buscheck&
Alcantar and Conservative Tracer Methods. The results show that, for a given h, as CV increases, the plume slows down and stays longer at the domain, so areal extent of plume decreases. For anisotropic field, plumes are more dispersed along x and y-direction, and areal extents of the plumes are greater. During MNA feasibility studies, for the aquifer heterogeneity level of CV and h smaller than 100 % and 10 m, respectively, a minimum recommended biodegradation rate constant of 0.02 d-1 can be used, whereas for the aquifer heterogeneity level of CV and h greater than 100 % and 10 m, respectively, using a minimum biodegradation rate constant of 0.06 d-1 can be recommended.
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Al, Mohanna M. M. M. "Effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on some fish and food organisms." Thesis, Swansea University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.635700.

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The effect of hydrocarbons, in the form of WSF (water soluble fraction) of North Sea crude oil and naphthalene, upon the respiratory rate and survival of the freshwater isopod, Asellus aquaticus (L.), was examined at different temperatures (10°C and 17°C). The influence of pH and water hardness on the toxicity of the WSF was investigated; it was found to be less toxic in pH 7 and in hard water. Asellus was found to accumulate naphthalene (labelled with 14C) rapidly. The effects of these hydrocarbons on postfertilization development in the Atlantic herring Clupea harengus (L.) were also studied. Artificially fertilized eggs were exposed to different concentrations, the volume of egg, yolk and perivitelline space were measured and the development of the embryos was observed. Exposure to hydrocarbons altered the rates of development, heart beat and embryonic movement; the hatching point was retarded and deformities were observed amongst the resulting larvae. The influeace of naphthalene on the ultra-structure of brain and muscle in C. harengus larvae, hatched from eggs previously exposed to naphthalene, was examined. Electron microscopy revealed cellular changes: many mitochrondria were swollen, their cristae disrupted. The accumulation and distribution of crude oil and naphthalene introduced into adult rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri (Richardson) in their diet, were followed. High concentrations of these hydrocarbons were accumulated in both the gut and the liver of the trout; smaller quantities were found in their gills, kidneys, muscle, heart and brain.
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Orlu, Rosemary Nmavulem. "Geochemical controls during the biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in soils." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/19846/.

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The microbial transformation of Fe (III) to Fe (II) can be coupled to the oxidation and reduction of organic contaminants in sub-oxic to anoxic environments. A multidisciplinary approach was adopted in this study to investigate the biogeochemical influences on the degradation of toluene (a representative of the class of aromatic hydrocarbons collectively known as BTEX) using experimental analogues of subsurface soil environments under predominantly iron-reducing conditions. The removal of toluene over the period of incubation indicated the soil-water mixture supported the degradation of toluene under predominantly iron-reducing conditions. Chemical sequential extractions showed the removal of toluene in the active mesocosms induced an increase in carbonate-bound iron fractions from 196.1 ± 11.4 mg/kg to 5,252.1 ± 291.8 mg/kg and a decrease in the reducible iron fraction from 2,504.4 ± 1,445.9 mg/kg to 375.6 ± 20.8 mg/kg. Analysis of the soil-water mixture showed slight shifts in the pH of the control and active mesocosms at the start of the experiments however these shifts occurred to a lesser degree over the remainder of the incubation period. Further experiments analysed the degree of influence of differing soil matrices and extraneous sources of iron (hematite, goethite, magnetite, ferrihydrite and lepidocrocite) on toluene removal. With the exception of the lepidocrocite-amended mesocosms, all of the iron-amended mesocosms were shown to have supported toluene removal. The presence of hematite, goethite and magnetite did not produce a significant change in the pH or total iron concentrations of the soil-water mixture. However the presence of ferrihydrite in the ferrihydrite-amended mesocosms induced a decrease in pH to slightly acid values ranging between pH 6.5 at the start of the experiments and 5.2 at the end of the experiments. The lepidocrocite-amended mesocosms induced a change to slightly alkaline values ranging between pH 8.4 and 8.8 during the period of incubation. All of the soil-amended mesocosms supported the removal of toluene in the soil-water mixture. The mesocosms containing soils with a greater percentage clay fraction removed higher amounts of toluene, possibly an indication that the bulk of this removal was sorption-induced and not microbially-mediated. An experimental approach based on the standard stable carbon isotope analytical method made it possible to determine the source of carbon in the incubated mesocosm material. The application of the mixed effects model approach to analyse the repeatedly measured experimental data demonstrated the possibility of producing predictive models for toluene removal in soil.
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Marchand, Charlotte. "Phytoremediation of soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons and trace elements." Doctoral thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-60839.

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The rapid urbanization and industrialization has led to an increase of disposal petroleum hydrocarbons (PHC) and trace elements (TE) into the environment. These pollutants are considered as the most toxic contaminants in the world due to their persistence in the environment, and the long range of toxicological effects for living beings. Recent concerns regarding the environmental contamination have initiated the development of several remediation technologies, including physical, chemical, and biological approaches. In this thesis, gentle soil remediation options (GRO) were investigated at different scales for the reclamation of PHC and TE co-contaminated soil. In the first part of this thesis, laboratory experiments were performed to characterize PHC and TE contaminated soil as well as the indigenous microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) present inside these contaminated soil. It was found that the studied aged contaminated soil had a negative effect on earthworm’s development and L. sativum biomass. Moreover, a high respiration of microorganisms attributed to the transformation/ mineralization of organic matter or/and organic pollutants was observed. This presence of viable microorganisms suggested an adaptation of microorganisms to the contaminant. Further results showed that the long-term exposure of soil microorganisms to high PHC concentration and the type of isolation culture media did not influence the ability of isolates to effectively degrade PHC. However, phylogenic affiliation had a strong on PHC biodegradation. In the second part of this thesis, preliminary studies in greenhouse were assessed to investigate the ability of M. sativa assisted by compost in the greenhouse aided-phytoremediation of PHC and TE. It was found that compost incorporation into the soil promoted PHC degradation, M. sativa growth and survival, and phytoextraction of TE. Residual risk assessment after the phytoremediation trial also showed a positive effect of compost amendment on plant growth and earthworm development. Pilot scale ecopile experiment carried out in the third part of this thesis allow a reduction of up to 80% of PHC and 20% of metals after 17 months. This research demonstrated that M. sativa and H. annus were suitable for phytodegradation of PHC and phytoextraction of TE.  Results from this thesis are helpful for further full-scale phytoremediation studies.
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Books on the topic "Hydrocarbons Petroleum"

1

Petrov, Alexander A. Petroleum Hydrocarbons. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71737-6.

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Petrov, Aleksandr A. Petroleum hydrocarbons. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1987.

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Kuppusamy, Saranya, Naga Raju Maddela, Mallavarapu Megharaj, and Kadiyala Venkateswarlu. Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24035-6.

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Reservoir formation damage: Fundamentals, modeling, assessment, and mitigation. 2nd ed. Amsterdam: Gulf Professional Pub., 2007.

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Reservoir formation damage: Fundamentals, modeling, assessment, and mitigation. Houston, TX: Gulf Pub. Co., 2000.

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Filler, Dennis M., Ian Snape, and David L. Barnes, eds. Bioremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Cold Regions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511535956.

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C, Coon Nancy, ed. Interpreting residues of petroleum hydrocarbons in wildlife tissues. Washington, DC: Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Dept. of the Interior, 1988.

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Memon, Allah Dino. Petroleum geology and hydrocarbon prospects of Sindh, Pakistan. Hyderabad: Allah Dino Memon, 2005.

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Memon, Allah Dino. Petroleum geology and hydrocarbon prospects of Sindh, Pakistan. Hyderabad: Allah Dino Memon, 2005.

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L, Winegardner Duane, and Testa Stephen M, eds. Restoration of contaminated aquifers: Petroleum hydrocarbons and organic compounds. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: Lewis, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hydrocarbons Petroleum"

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Gooch, Jan W. "Petroleum Hydrocarbons." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 528. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_8609.

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Petrov, Alexander A. "Introduction." In Petroleum Hydrocarbons, 1–3. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71737-6_1.

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Petrov, Alexander A. "General Characteristics of Petroleum Hydrocarbons Molecular and Group-Type Methods of Analysis and Classification." In Petroleum Hydrocarbons, 4–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71737-6_2.

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Petrov, Alexander A. "C5–C40 Alkanes." In Petroleum Hydrocarbons, 27–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71737-6_3.

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Petrov, Alexander A. "Cycloalkanes (Naphthenes)." In Petroleum Hydrocarbons, 68–137. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71737-6_4.

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Petrov, Alexander A. "Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Arenes)." In Petroleum Hydrocarbons, 138–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71737-6_5.

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Petrov, Alexander A. "Sources and Reactions of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Formation." In Petroleum Hydrocarbons, 165–96. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71737-6_6.

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Petrov, Alexander A. "Transformations of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Nature (Chemical and Biochemical Alteration of Crude Oils)." In Petroleum Hydrocarbons, 197–236. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71737-6_7.

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Petrov, Alexander A. "Conclusion Venues of Further Research on Petroleum Hydrocarbon Composition and Structure." In Petroleum Hydrocarbons, 237. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71737-6_8.

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Assaad, Fakhry A. "Introduction—Petroleum Hydrocarbons." In Field Methods for Petroleum Geologists, 3–9. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-78837-9_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Hydrocarbons Petroleum"

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Rybak-Franko, Y. V., K. Y. Uporov, and I. V. Nokhrina. "Geology and Petroleum Potential of the Ilpinsky and Olyutorsky Basins: New Data." In Far East Hydrocarbons 2014. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20142307.

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Zharkov, A. M., and L. S. Margulis. "Geology and Petroleum Potential of the fore-Sette-Daban Margin of Siberia." In Far East Hydrocarbons 2014. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20142309.

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Holliday, G. H., and L. E. Deuel. "Determining Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Soil." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/26394-ms.

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Gretskaya, E. V. "Catagenetic Structure and Predication of Petroleum Content." In First Workshop on Far East Hydrocarbons 2011. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20144329.

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Balandin, S., A. Johnson, S. Dreyfus, and D. Converse. "Petroleum Geochemistry of the Arkutun-Dagi Field, Offshore Sakhalin Island, Russia: Potential Application for Allocation." In Far East Hydrocarbons 2014. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20142297.

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Goncharov, I., N. Oblasov, and V. Samoylenko. "Geochemical Problems of Petroleum System Modelling on Sakhalin." In First Workshop on Far East Hydrocarbons 2011. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20144316.

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Ahsan, A., and D. A. Karlsen. "Biodegradation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Petroleum Reservoirs." In 60th EAGE Conference and Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201408551.

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Becke, Peter, Dagobert Kessel, and Iradj Rahimian. "Influence of Liquid Hydrocarbons on Gas Hydrate Equilibrium." In European Petroleum Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/25032-ms.

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Romashov, M. V., E. G. Koblov, V. Kharakhinov, and N. Tkacheva. "Potential of Seismic Velocity Modeling in Exploration of Petroleum Bearing Basin." In First Workshop on Far East Hydrocarbons 2011. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20144308.

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Litvinova, I. "An Integrated Approach to the Prediction of the Petroleum Potential of the Underexplored Sections of Leno-Vilyujskoj Oil and Gas Area." In Far East Hydrocarbons 2019. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201951014.

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Reports on the topic "Hydrocarbons Petroleum"

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Song Jin, Paul Fallgren, and Terry Brown. Bioremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Heterogeneous Soils. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/910138.

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Labranche, David F., and M. R. Collins. Stripping Volatile Organic Compounds and Petroleum Hydrocarbons from Water by Tray Aeration. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada323603.

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Song Jin. Biodegradation of BTEX and Other Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Enhanced and Controlled Sulfate Reduction. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/993833.

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Apitz, Sabine E. Fate of Complex Aromatic Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Marine Sediments: Biological Transformation, Degradation and Sequestration. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada401427.

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Jiang, C., L. J. Pyle, and L. P. Gal. Organic geochemistry of petroleum hydrocarbons in Middle to Upper Devonian outcrop samples from Mackenzie Plain area. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/295194.

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Lieberman, Stephen H., David S. Knowles, William C. McGrinnis, Michele Davey, and T. Hampton. Comparison of In Situ Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF) Measurements of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Soils with Conventional Laboratory Measurements. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada350643.

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Steven B. Hawthorne. CHARACTERISTICS AND PERFORMANCE OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION (SFE) IN THE ANALYSIS OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS IN SOILS AND SLUDGES. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/760133.

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Kabadi, V. N. A study of the effects of enhanced oil recovery agents on the quality of Strategic Petroleum Reserves crude oil. [Physical and chemical interactions of Enhanced Oil Recovery reagents with hydrocarbons present in petroleum]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6643602.

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Mallon, B. J. Transport and environmental chemistry of selected C sub 1 and C sub 2 chlorinated compounds and petroleum hydrocarbons in soils and ground water. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5039373.

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Beal, Samuel, Ashley Mossell, and Jay Clausen. Hydrocarbon treatability study of Antarctica soil with Fenton’s reagent. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41260.

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The study objectives were to determine the effectiveness of Fenton’s Reagent and Modified Fenton’s Reagent in reducing Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) concentrations in petroleum-contaminated soil from McMurdo Station, Antarctica. Comparisons of the contaminated soils were made, and a treatability study was completed and documented. This material was presented at the Association for Environmental Health and Sciences Foundation (AEHS) 30th Annual International Conference on Soil, Water, Energy, and Air (Virtual) on March 25, 2021.
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