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1
Shireen Farhana. S, Usharani Boopathy, Shobana Chandrasekar, and Rohini Durairaj. "Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis of Cinnamomum Tamala Leaf Extract." Journal of Advanced Zoology 44, S5 (2023): 3071–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/jaz.v44is5.2390.
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Objective: The purpose of the study is to assess the properties and bioactive components of Cinnamomum tamala leaves. Methods: The leaves of Cinnamomum tamala were extracted. Different experimental methods have been used to study the phytochemicals (qualitative and quantitative). The phytochemical screening was evaluated in different extractions such as aqueous, hexane, ethanol, petroleum ether and hydroethanolic to compare the solubility of various bioactive components. Further, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were also performed to study the presence of flavonoids and secondary metabolites respectively. Results: The Qualitative analysis showed the presence of phytochemical compounds in higher concentration in hydroethanolic extract of the leaves of Cinnamomum tamala. In comparison with other extracts, hydroethanolic extract had larger yields of flavonoids (186.42 ± 13.04 mg/g QE), phenols (226.34 ± 15.84 mg/g GAE), saponins (112.10 ± 7.84 mg/g) and steroids (161.30 ± 11.29 mg/g CL). HPLC analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids in hydroethanolic extracts of the leaves of Cinnamomum tamala. GC-MS analysis proved the presence of various bioactive compounds in the hydroethanolic extract of the leaves of Cinnamomum tamala. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated the significance of the leaves of Cinnamomum tamala. We concluded that Cinnamomum tamala leaves have various biological activities which can treat diseases..
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Zouheira, Djamila, Sylvie Lea Wansi Ngnokam, Sylviane Laure Poualeu Kamani, et al. "In Vitro Antilipidic and Antithrombotic Activities of Plectranthus glandulosus (Lamiaceae) Leaves Extracts and Fractions." BioMed Research International 2022 (February 7, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4145659.
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Objective. The present study investigated the effect of the leaves extracts and fractions of Plectranthus glandulosus on the inhibition of pancreatic lipase, cholesterol esterase, adipocytes lipid uptake, and antithrombotic activity which may be important in atherosclerosis development. Methods. Aqueous, ethanolic, and hydroethanolic extracts of Plactranthus glandulosus were prepared by maceration. The hydroethanolic extract was fractionated into n-hexane, ethylacetate, and n-butanol fractions and their inhibition of pancreatic lipase, cholesterol esterase, adipocytes lipid uptake, and antithrombotic activities measured. Liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) analysis was carried out to determine phytochemical constituents present in the extracts. Results. The standard orlistat exhibited a higher inhibitory activity on pancreatic lipase and cholesterol esterase (16.31 μg/mL and 15.75 μg/mL, respectively) compared to ethyl acetate fraction (IC50, 17.70 μg/mL and IC50, 24.8 μg/mL, respectively). Among crude extract, hydroethanolic extract showed a better inhibition against pancreatic lipase (IC50, 21.06 μg/mL) and cholesterol esterase (IC50, 25.14 μg/mL) though not comparable to the effect of orlistat. The best lipid uptake inhibition was observed in the hydroethanolic extract (IC50, 45.42 μg/mL) followed by the ethyl acetate fraction (IC50, 47.77 μg/mL). A better antithrombolytic activity was exhibited by the ethyl acetate fraction at all concentrations (50-800 μ/mL), while hydroethanolic extract exhibited the best activity among crude extract. However, these were not comparable to the standard aspirin. The LC-HRMS analysis revealed the presence of 7-O-methyl luteolin 5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, chrysoeriol 5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, 5,7-dihydroxy-3,2 ′ ,4 ′ -trimethoxyflavone, and plectranmicin as major compounds in both hydroethanolic extract and ethyl acetate fraction. Conclusion. Thus, our finding supports the traditional use of this plant, which might provide a potential source for future antiatherosclerotic drug discovery.
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Ouattara, Anzoumana Lassinan, Ouattara Abou, Dominique Konan Tano, and Akissi Jeanne Koffi. "Phenolic Compound Content and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from the Leaves of Anogeissus leiocarpus (Combretaceae), a Plant Used in the North of Côte d'Ivoire for the Traditional Treatment of Gastrointestinal Disorders in Broiler Chickens." International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review 33, no. 4 (2024): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijbcrr/2024/v33i4869.
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Anogeissus leiocarpus (Combretaceae) (DC.) Guill. & Perr. is a plant found in West Africa, from Senegal to Cameroon and extending to Ethiopia and East Africa. In the north of Côte d’Ivoire, this plant is commonly used by livestock farmers to treat various pathologies, including digestive and gastrointestinal disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the phenolic compound content and antioxidant properties of 70% hydroethanol and aqueous extracts of A. leiocarpus’ leaves. Phenolic compound contents were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Antioxidant activities were assessed using ABTS, DPPH and FRAP tests. The 70% hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts of A. leiocarpus presented roughly equivalent concentrations of total polyphenols (608.41 and 558.25 mg EAG/g respectively). However, the hydroethanolic extract was richer in flavonoids (539.60 mg EQ/g) than the aqueous extract (388.95 mg EQ/g). In addition, the average inhibition rate of the ABTS radical in the presence of the 70% hydroethanol extract was 11.56 µM Trolox equivalent/g, compared with 8.32 µM Trolox equivalent/g with the aqueous extract. The average chelation percentages were 31.93% (70% hydroethanol extract) and 20.92% (aqueous extract). As for the reduction of DPPH radical, the ICs50 for the 70% hydroethanol and aqueous extracts were 4.4 mg/mL and 6.0 mg/mL respectively. This study confirms that Anogeissus leiocarpus is a plant containing phenolic compounds. The presence of these phenolic compounds in this plant, together with its antioxidant activities with low values (IC50), could justify its widespread use by livestock farmers in northern Côte d'Ivoire, particularly those rearing broiler chickens.
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EVENAMEDE, Kodjo Selom, Yaovi Samuel APETI, Mamatchi MELILA, Kafui KPEGBA, Amegnona AGBONON, and Oudjaniyobi SIMALOU. "Phytochemical Study and Evaluation of the Nutritional Potential of Glyphaea brevis Leaves from the Flora of Togo." Chemical Science International Journal 34, no. 3 (2025): 24–37. https://doi.org/10.9734/csji/2025/v34i3965.
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Glyphaea brevis is a food plant used in traditional medicine to treat hypertension and a number of infectious diseases. It has been the subject of very few studies and there is little data on its nutritional value. The aim of the present study is therefore to exploit the leaves of Glyphaea brevis from Togolese flora. Aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts were obtained by maceration of leaf powder. Phytochemical tests and polyphenol and flavonoid assays were carried out using colorimetric methods. Antioxidant activity was assessed in vitro using the DPPH radical scavenging test and the FRAP test. The nutritional value of Glyphaea brevis leaves was assessed using standard AOAC methods, and toxicity was assessed using an acute toxicity test in wistar rats. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponosides, tannins, gallic tannins, terpenoids and mucilages in the aqueous extract. In addition to these compounds, anthocyanins and terpenes were found in the hydroethanol extract. The determination of polyphenols and flavonoids in the considered extracts showed that the hydroethanolic extract of the leaves contained the highest levels of these phenolic compounds: 200.893 ± 4.805 mgEAG/gE for polyphenols and 74.034 ± 2.815 mgEQ/gE for flavonoids respectively. The IC50 for antiradical compounds (DPPH●) were 1271.136 ± 3.204 μg/mL for the hydroethanolic extract and 1535 ± 2.310 μg/mL for the aqueous extract and the antioxidant activity with the FRAP test was 914.333 ± 2.205 μmol/L and 440.966 ± 1.105 μmol/L respectively. The levels of biochemical compounds were 64.99% for digestible carbohydrates, 12.14% for fibre, 19.03% for protein and 3.84% for fats. The energy value was 393.85 Kcal/100g DM. Spectrophotometer assays revealed the presence of minerals such as Na, Ca, Mg, K and Fe at significant levels, with a Na/K ˂ 1 ratio. The acute toxicity test did not reveal any signs of toxicity. All the results obtained in this study therefore justify the therapeutic and dietary use of Glyphaea brevis leaves.
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Rahayu, Ika, Susana Elya Sudrajat, Sancnia Sancnia, Monica Puspasari, and Kris Herawan Timotius. "The Phytochemical constituents and biological activities of sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) leaves hydroethanolic extracts." JPBIO (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi) 9, no. 1 (2024): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31932/jpbio.v9i1.3398.
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Peronema canescens, Jack commonly known as "sungkai," has been traditionally used as a herbal medicine for various health conditions. This study aimed to explore the bioactive compound of the P. canescens leaves hydroethanolic extract, along with assessing its antioxidant and antimutagenic properties. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was utilized for phytochemical analysis of the hydroethanolic extracts, while antioxidant activity was evaluated through the DPPH radical scavenging method. Quantification of total phenolic and flavonoid content was achieved via colorimetric analysis. Furthermore, the DNA protection activity was assessed using plasmid pBR322 subjected to free radical treatment. The primary bioactive compounds identified in the P. canescens hydroethanolic extracts belonged to the alkaloid and flavonoid groups. The antioxidant activity of P.canescens leaves hydroethanolic extracts showed an IC50 value of 0.02±0.00 µg/mL. Additionally, the total flavonoid and phenolic content were measured at 33,769±3,626 µg QE/mL and 638,924±6,683 µg GAE/mL, respectively. Notably, P.canescens exhibited significant potential in mitigating DNA damage. In conclusion, the P. canescens leaves hydroethanolic extracts demonstrate promising attributes as a herbal medicine, highlighting notable antioxidant and antimutagenic effects.
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Ni Putu Ermi Hikmawanti, Hayati, and Yeni Andriyani. "Total Flavonoid Content in Hydro-ethanolic Extract of Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr Leaves from Three Regions with Different Altitude." Jurnal Jamu Indonesia 6, no. 2 (2021): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jji.v6i2.195.
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Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr (Phyllanthaceae), also known as katuk in Indonesia, is a plant that grows in tropical climates. The study aimed to determine the total flavonoid levels of hydroethanolic extract of katuk leaves from three regions with different altitudes. Dried katuk leaves were macerated using hydroethanolic (the mixture of ethanol:H2O (7:3, v/v)) as solvent extraction at room temperature. Determination of flavonoid levels was carried out by the colorimetry method using AlCl3 reagent. Quercetin was used as a reference. A UV-Visible spectrophotometer measured the absorbance at the maximum wavelength of 434.50 nm. The total flavonoids level of hydroethanolic extract of katuk leaves from a different region with low-altitude (Bogor), medium-altitude (Sleman), and high-altitude (Bandung) are 8.56±0.63 mgQE/g, 4.67±0.30 mgQE/g, and 9.72±0.24 mgQE/g, respectively. Thus, it can be concluded that there are differences in total flavonoid levels of hydroethanolic extract of katuk leaves from three regions with different altitudes.
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Tokoudagba, Kossi Jean Marie D., Alban G. Houngbèmè, Habib Ganfon, et al. "Isolation of Biomolecules from the Leaves of Lecaniodiscus cupanoides (Sapindaceae), a Plant used in Traditional Medicine in Benin." Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research 14, no. 3 (2023): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajacr/2023/v14i3269.
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The aim of the present study was to identify the structure of the bioactive molecules in the active ethyl acetate fraction of the hydroethanolic extract of Lecaniodiscus cupanoides (Sapindaceae), a Beninese plant used in the treatment of microbial infections. We prepared the hydroethanolic extract from powdered dried leaves. We fractionated the hydroethanol extract using the liquid-liquid extraction method with solvents of increasing polarity. The active ethyl acetate fraction obtained after bioguided fractionation of the hydroethanol extract on bacterial strains was purified by a series of atmospheric pressure column chromatographic methods coupled with thin layer chromatography. At the end of this purification process, three compounds, including a flavonoid and two fatty acids, were isolated and identified by interpretation of 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectrometry spectra. These were: 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one;(E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-(3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) acryloyloxy) propanoic acid and (E)octadec -9- enoic acid (oleic acid).
 The added value of this work lies in the fact that these three molecules have never before been identified in this plant, and therefore represent a potential avenue for the development of a therapeutic arsenal to combat microbial infections.
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Moyo, Batanai, and Stanley Mukanganyama. "The Anticandidal and Toxicity Properties of Lampranthus francisci." Journal of Mycology 2015 (October 15, 2015): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/898202.
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Fungal infections have been rising due to the increasing number of immunocompromised patients and intensive use of some antifungal agents. Lampranthus francisci is an ornamental succulent plant. In Zimbabwe, the fresh sap from the leaves is used to treat fungal scalp infections. The activity of L. francisci fresh and dry acetone, ethanol, hydroethanolic, and aqueous extracts against Candida albicans and Candida krusei was determined. Mouse peritoneal cavity cells and sheep red blood cells were used to investigate L. francisci’s toxicity profile. The hydroethanolic extracts were the most effective extracts against C. albicans. The fresh ethanol extract was the most effective extract against C. krusei. The dry acetone extract, dry ethanol extract, and the fresh and dry aqueous extracts promoted the growth of C. krusei. The hydroethanolic extracts caused haemolysis of sheep cells. The hydroethanolic extracts promoted the growth of the mouse peritoneal cavity red blood cells. Both aqueous extracts increased the density of the mouse cells, but only the fresh extract increased the metabolism of the mouse cells. L. francisci has some fungicidal activity and boosts the growth of immune cells, thus validating its use in ethnomedicine. L. francisci extracts are potential leads for the isolation of immune stimulatory compounds.
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O R, Kasthuri, and Ramesh B. "PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF LEAF EXTRACTS OF ALTERNANTHERA BRASILIANA (L). KUNTZE AND ALTERNANTHERA BETTZICKIANA REGEL." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 6 (2018): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i6.25136.
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Objectives: The present study was carried out to determine the phytochemical constituents and in vitro antioxidant activities of leaf extracts of Alternanthera brasiliana (L). Kuntze (A. brasiliana) and Alternanthera bettzickiana regel (A. bettzickiana).Methods: Preliminary phytochemical screening was performed in petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone, ethanol, hydroethanolic and water extracts of leaves of A. brasiliana and A. bettzickiana. The level of alkaloids, flavonoids, total phenolic content, tannins, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, GSH, and total proteins were determined in hydroethanolic, ethanol, and water extracts. Antioxidant activity of the hydroethanolic leaf extracts of A. brasiliana and A. bettzickiana were determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate free radical scavenging assay, nitric oxide scavenging assay, superoxide anion scavenging assay, ferric reducing antioxidant power assay, total antioxidant capacity, and reducing power assay.Results: The phytochemical screening of six different extracts of A. brasiliana and A. bettzickiana revealed the presence of various phytonutrients. Quantitative analysis of secondary metabolites in ethanol, hydroethanolic and water extracts of leaves of A. brasiliana and A. bettzickiana showed the presence of high amount of secondary metabolites in the hydroethanolic extract. In vitro, antioxidant assay of two plant extracts revealed that A. bettzickiana was more potent than A. brasiliana in scavenging free radicals.Conclusion: The different extracts from A. brasiliana and A. bettzickiana and specifically the hydroethanolic extract of A. bettzickiana revealed several properties such as rich source of phytonutrients, higher free radical scavenging properties, and significant antioxidant capabilities. Therefore, the bioactive compound should be isolated in future studies and could be used as a safe and serve as a potential source of natural antioxidants.
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Antunes, Kátia Avila, Débora da Silva Baldivia, Paola dos Santos da Rocha, et al. "Antiobesity Effects of Hydroethanolic Extract of Jacaranda decurrens Leaves." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4353604.
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Obesity is a worldwide epidemic that reduces life expectancy; therefore, the search for new alternative and effective treatments is ongoing. The aim of the present investigation was to identify the chemical compounds in the hydroethanolic extract of leaves of Jacaranda decurrens subsp. symmetrifoliolata and to evaluate their toxicity and antiobesity effects. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to identify the chemical constituents, and acute toxicity was evaluated in rats treated with doses of 2 and 5 g·kg−1 body mass. The antiobesity effect was determined in rats with hypercaloric diet-induced obesity. Our results revealed the presence of compounds, such as jacaric, ursolic, and oleic acids, as well as luteolin, quercetin, and kaempferol, in the extract. The acute toxicity tests revealed that rats treated with elevated doses of the extract showed no signs of toxicity. The extract induced reduction in total body mass and the white adipose tissue depots. The obese rats treated with the extract showed an increased fluid intake and feces excretion while their serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels decreased compared to those in the controls, without any hematological changes. Taken together, the results showed that the constituents of J. decurrens extracts included phenolic compounds and exhibited antiobesity effects with no toxicity.
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Sibri, Jean François, Joël Akakpo-Akue, Stéphane Claver Vanié, Tatiana Kangah Mireille Kple, M'Bèféhê Soro, and Obou Constantin Okou. "Phytochemical Evaluation and Determination of the Content of Some Natural Antioxidants (Polyphenols and Flavonoids) from Ficus Capensis, Newbouldia laevis and Carpolobia lutea." Asian Journal of Biology 19, no. 4 (2023): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i4374.
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Scientific interest in the search for natural antioxidants (secondary metabolites) from medicinal plants has increased considerably in recent years, due to the involvement of free radicals in the genesis of many diseases. The aim of the present study is to determine qualitatively and quantitatively the secondary metabolites of aqueous and hydroethanol extracts from the leaves of the medicinal plants under investigation. Qualitative determination is based on staining and/or precipitation reactions, while quantitative determination is based on the assay of secondary metabolites. The results of their qualitative determinations revealed an abundance of polyphenols and saponins, a significant presence of flavonoids and anthocyanins, and a moderate presence of alkaloids, terpenes and catechic tannins in the aqueous extract. In the hydroethanol extract, on the other hand, there is an abundance of flavonoids, a significant presence of polyphenols, saponins and anthocyanins, and a moderate presence of alkaloids, terpenes and catechic tannins. Gallic tannins and quinones are absent in both extracts. While their quantitative assay revealed an abundance of flavonoids (314.51±5.14 mgEAG/g extract) and total polyphenols (66.19±2.44 mgEQ/g extract). Thus, the high flavonoid and polyphenol content of the various extracts (aqueous and hydroethanolic) of the leaves of the plants studied would justify their use in traditional medicine in the care of sickle-cell patients.
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Fanta Yadang, Sabine Adeline, Germain Taiwe Sotoing, Katoucha Sidoine Ngatcha Zouakeu, et al. "Quantification of Bioactive Compounds and Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of Carissa edulis Valh (Apocynaceae) Leaves." Scientific World Journal 2019 (May 15, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7549620.
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Carissa edulis is a plant used in the management of oxidative stress and inflammatory related disorders such as malaria, rheumatism inflammation, and cardiovascular diseases. The present study evaluates the total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP), and the bioactive compounds present in the various extracts of C. edulis (HEC, MEC, AEC, and PC). An HPLC analysis determined the different compounds present in the extracts. High concentration of total phenolic content was observed in aqueous and methanolic extracts more than in the hydroethanolic extract though not significantly different. Flavonoids were higher in the hydroethanolic and methanolic extracts, respectively, with 14.84 mg RE/g extract and 12.02 mg RE/g extract. Tannins were also found in large amounts in the same two extracts with 26.76 mg TAE/g extract and 34.67 mg TEE/g extract. The percentage radical scavenging activity DPPH ranged between 58.63% and 94.67% for aqueous extract and for ABTS between 51.39% and 94.12% for the methanolic extract. The highest FRAP was obtained in the methanolic extract (6.73 g AAE/100 g extract). HPLC analysis revealed the presence of quercetin, rutin, and gallic acid in the different extracts. C. edulis represents a potential source of bioactive components with antioxidant capacity.
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Ayéna, Aimé Cézaire T., Kossivi Dosseh, Kokou Idoh, Amegnona Agbonon, and Messanvi Gbeassor. "Comparative Physicochemical Screening and Toxicology of Hydroethanol Extracts of the Parts of Pterocarpus santalinoides l’Hér. ex DC. (Fabaceae) in Wistar Rats." Scientific World Journal 2022 (February 25, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5953094.
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Aims. The aim of this study was to compare the phytochemical profile and acute and chronic toxicity of hydroethanolic extracts of three parts of P. santalinoides. Methods. Seven major chemical groups (alkaloids, flavonoids, saponosides, coumarins, tannins, triterpenes, and steroids) were studied. The single dose limit test of 5000 mg/kg body weight was used to evaluate the acute toxicity of each organic extract. Subacute toxicity was evaluated after daily oral doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight were administered to rats for 28 days. Results. At a single dose of 5000 mg/kg, none of the extracts (leaf, trunk bark, and root) caused death in experimental rats. However, the trunk bark extract of P. santalinoides induced coat change and lethargy in treated rats. Macroscopic observation of the internal organs (liver and kidneys) of the rats showed no abnormalities. In the subacute test, only the trunk extracts induced signs of toxicity such as mobility disorders, diarrhea, and loss of body weight at a dose of 1000 mg/kg. Conclusion. This study showed that the hydroethanol extracts of the leaves, trunk bark, and root bark of P. santalinoides divergently concentrated the main chemical groups of interest. Administration of a single dose of extracts from all three P. santalinoides is not toxic to the consumer. However, when used over a long period of time, they can have a harmful effect on the consumer. In view of the different results of the trunk bark extract and in a context of conservation of the species, we recommend the use of the hydroethanolic extract of the leaves in the different treatments in which the three organs are involved.
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Rabha, Kushal, Pritam Mohan, Sumitra Debnath, et al. "Formulation and Evaluation of Hydroethanolic and Chloroform Extracts of Zanthoxyllum oxyphyllum for Analgesic and Wound Healing Activities." Advances in Research 26, no. 2 (2025): 33–44. https://doi.org/10.9734/air/2025/v26i21272.
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Zanthoxylum oxyphyllum under the family Rutaceae, commonly known as Mezenga in Assam grow in tropical and temperate regions. Hydroethanolic and chloroform extracts of leaves of the plant were screened for analgesic activity and wound healing property by hot plate test and excision, incision wound model. The acute toxicity study revealed that both the plant extracts were non-toxic and safe for oral dosing. Both the extracts were non-sensitizing to rabbit skin and caused very little or no irritation in intact and damaged skin rabbits treated with single and multiple doses. Irritation scores did not differ significantly between the control and treatment groups, according to the acute dermal toxicity study. It was observed that the hydroethanolic extract of the selected plant possess significant analgesic effect against thermal stimuli and inhibits pain induced by chemically stimuli. It was also showed that hydroethanolic extract was found to be most active and was responsible for the significant and dose-dependent wound healing property comparable with the standard extract.
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Itou RDG, Elion, Etou Ossibi AW, Morabandza CJ, Kiessé D.S., Mayela Nkouka S.H.J, and Abena AA. "Toxicité Aigüe Et Effets Des Extraits Des Feuilles De Cogniauxia Podolaena Bail. (Cucurbitaceae) Sur L’excrétion Fécale Et La Motilité Intestinale." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 27 (2017): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n27p355.
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This work aims to estimate acute toxicity and to evaluate the effects of the aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of leaves (Cucurbitaceae) of Cogniauxia podolaena on the fecal excretion and the intestinal motility. The estimation of the acute toxicity was made by oral administration of the aqueous and hydroéthanolique extracts in the doses of 2000 and 500 mg/kg in mice in order to determine the lethal dose 50 (LD50) and the experimental doses. No sign of toxicity was observed with the hydroethanolic extract in mice. The aqueous extract of Cogniauxia podolaena is slightly toxic with a lethal dose estimated at the dose of 3167 mg/kg. For that, the doses of 300 and 600 mg/kg were retained for experiment. The effect of the both extracts at 300 and 600 mg/kg was evaluated on the fecal excretion directly on the normal animals and on the intestinal motility according to the method of coal. The hydroethanolic extract (300 and 600 mg/kg) increased the fecal excretion in rats. Aqueous extract (300 and 600 mg/kg) did not present effects. The both extracts in doses used does decrease the speed of intestinal evacuation. The effect of hydroethanolic extract is low at the dose of 600 mg/kg. These results do not seem to confirm the traditional use of this plant in the constipation coverage.
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Pauline, Deguenon Memonsso Pierrette, Houngbeme Gouton Alban, Ahoyo Carlos Cédric, Ombouma Joanna Grâce, Gbaguidi Ahokanou Fernand, and Houinato Marcel Romuald Benjamin. "Chemical Identification, In vitro Antidiarrheal Potential, and Toxicological Study of the Leaves of Combretum grandiflorum G. Don (Combretaceae), a Beninese Medicinal Plant." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, no. 22 (2023): 954–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i224207.
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Combretum grandiflorum G. Don is traditionally used in ethnic medicines for the treatment of different diseases in Benin. Despite its wide use, no studies have been undertaken on its potential toxicity. The study was designed to assess the antimicrobial activity and potential toxicity of aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of C. grandiflorum.
 Qualitative phytochemistry was carried out by a differential staining or precipitation method. The antibacterial and antifungal effects were evaluated by the solid medium diffusion method. Cytotoxicity was evaluated on Artemia salina larvae while acute toxicity was evaluated with Wistar strain rats via the oral route. The qualitative screening revealed the presence in the plants of Polyphenols, Flavonoids, Tannins, catechic and gallic tannins. Both types of extracts inhibited microbial growth. The hydroethanolic extract was active on all the bacterial strains used with a high inhibition diameter compared to the aqueous extract. On strains of Shigella Sonnei and Salmonella spp, the antibacterial effect of the hydroethanolic extract is significantly (p˂0.05) better compared to that of the aqueous extract. Cytotoxicity tests showed no toxic effects at the doses evaluated. At a dose of 2000 mg/kg, the aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of C. grandiflorum induced neither mortality nor alteration of the physiological parameters of Wistar rats (renal, hepatic parameters, hematological constants, body weight). These extracts therefore do not present acute oral toxicity for Wistar rats at the limit dose of 2000 mg/Kg/bw in Wistar rats. These results justify some therapeutic indications for these plants. They could therefore be used for the development of improved phytomedicines.
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Fokam Tagne, Michel Archange, Hypolyte Akaou, Paul Aimé Noubissi, et al. "Effect of the Hydroethanolic Extract of Bixa orellana Linn (Bixaceae) Leaves on Castor Oil-Induced Diarrhea in Swiss Albino Mice." Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2019 (December 1, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6963548.
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Objective. The treatment of diarrheal diseases is a serious problem in developing countries, where population generally uses medicinal plants. The leaves of Bixa orellana have been reported to be traditionally used in the treatment of diarrhea by local people in the district of Khulna in Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the hydroethanolic extract of Bixa orellana leaves on castor oil-induced diarrhea in mice. Methods. The powder of the leaves of Bixa orellana was macerated in ethanol/water mixture (20/80) for 48 hours and then filtered. The filtrate obtained was lyophilized, and the solutions to be administered to the animals were prepared. To induce diarrhea, animals orally received castor oil (1 mL/100 g bw). To determine the effective doses, each mouse received, 30 minutes after the administration of castor oil, one of the single oral doses of hydroethanolic extract of Bixa orellana leaves: 0, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg bw. The mass, number, and frequency of stool diarrhea were measured and recorded per hour for five hours. The effect of the hydroethanolic extract of Bixa orellana leaves on the intestinal transit was evaluated by measuring the distance traveled by the charcoal meal in thirty minutes. The effects of the aqueous extract of hydroethanolic extract of Bixa orellana leaves on intestinal secretion were evaluated by measuring the volume of the intestinal content and by dosing the electrolytes (Na+, K+, and Cl-) in the intestinal content by the colorimetric method. Results. The extract produced significant (P<0.01) decreases, respectively, 35.52%, 54.47%, 74.80%, and 87.80% in the severity of diarrhea. The extract at 100 and 200 mg/kg bw showed a significant (P<0.01) decrease of castor oil-induced enteropooling (61.08% and 65.41%), and only the 200 mg/kg bw exhibited significant (P<0.01) reduction on intestinal transit (24.46%) as compared to standard drug. Conclusions. The hydroethanolic extract was found to be effective against castor oil-induced diarrhea in experimental mice at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg bw which provides evidence that could justify its traditional use.
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NOUDAMADJO, Amandine, Bénédicta KPADONOU-KPOVIESSI, Bienvenu GLINMA, et al. "Phytochemical Profiling and Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities In vitro of Newbouldia laevis and Flueggea virosa Leaf Extracts." Chemical Science International Journal 34, no. 3 (2025): 87–98. https://doi.org/10.9734/csji/2025/v34i3970.
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Traditional medicine use has surged over the past 20 years, with many people using it to treat various health issues. Ethnobotanical and pharmaceutical surveys revealed their application in many areas. Ethnobotanical and pharmaceutical surveys have revealed their application in many areas. Analyzing the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and quantifying the polyphenol, flavonoid, and tannin contents of the methanolic and hydroethanolic extracts from the leaves of Flueggea virosa and Newbouldia laevis.is the goal of this study. All extracts exhibited notable antioxidant activity. Among them, we noted that the hydroethanolic extract of F. virosa stood out by displaying the highest antioxidant performance, with values of 3.30 ± 0.05; 7.81 ± 0.54 and 18.72 ± 0.05 mMol AAE/mg according to the ABTS, APM, and DPPH methods, respectively. The quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds showed that extracts from F. virosa leaves were so rich in polyphenols (14328 and 22512 μg EAG/mg extract). From the study of anti-inflammatory activity, it was found that a good activity was obtained for all extracts in particular the hydroethanolic extract of N. laevis (IC50 = 0.87 ± 0.02 mg/mL). From these results, it is deduced that the content of phenolic compounds is very high for F. virosa and N. laevis in contrast to flavonoids and tannins that give them these anti-inflammatory and antioxidant powers. The study supports the use of these plants in traditional medicine.
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Efoé, Sossou, Domedjui Komi L, Novidzro Kosi M, Ocansey Bright, Dorkenoo Ameyo M, and Gbogbo Koffi A. "Antifungal Properties and Phytochemical Composition of Ficus platyphylla Stem Bark and Leaves Extracts." Journal of International Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 20, no. 2 (2025): 13–23. https://doi.org/10.56557/jirmeps/2025/v20i29343.
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Introduction: Ficus platyphylla is a plant species used in traditional medicine to treat microbial diseases. The leaves and stem bark are the most widely used parts of this plant. Stady Design: It was a prospective study. Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate alternative plant-based treatments for mycoses in Togo. Methods: Hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts of the bark and leaves of F. platyphylla were tested in a comparative approach on five reference strains (Candida albicans ATCC90028, Candida krusei ATCC6258, Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019, Trichophyton mentagrophytes ATCC 9533 and Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 13073), and two clinical strains (Trichophyton rubrum and Microsporum canis), using the broth microdilution method. Results: Hydroethanol extracts were more active. Dermatophyte strains were more sensitive, with MICs ranging from 0.31 to 2.5 mg/mL. Phytochemical tests revealed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, sterols, polyphenols and tannins, justifying the antifungal properties observed. Conclusion: The hydroethanol extract of F. platyphylla leaves has significant antifungal potential and should be explored in further studies, particularly therapeutic studies.
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Moungang, Luciane Marlyse, Brigitte Ndemangou, Roland Ndifor Ache, et al. "Phytochemical Screening and Potential Antibacterial, Antifungi and Antioxidative Activities of the Leaves Extracts of Piperomia pellucida (Piperaceae)." Journal of Applied Life Sciences International 26, no. 5 (2023): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jalsi/2023/v26i5617.
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The hexane, ethanolic, hydroethanolic and aqueous leaves extracts of Piperomia pellucida were evaluated in vitro for their antimicrobial activity against five gram negative bacilli (Klebsiella pneumoniae CHUY, Escherichia coli ATCC 35218, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Salmonella typhi CHUY and Salmonella enterica CHUY), two cocci gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 5199) and two fungi (Candida albicans CHUY and Candida albicans 20231) using microdilution techniques. The extracts were also assayed for their antioxidant properties by DPPH and FRAP methods with Vitamin C as reference. The results demonstrated that, the hexane extract exhibited strong antibacterial potency with MIC value of 0.625 mg/mL and MBC of 1.25 mg/mL on Salmonella typhi CHUY. Also, it showed good activities on P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and S. enterica CHUY; and weak activity against E. coli ATCC 35218 and S. aureus ATCC 25923. The aqueous extract displayed good activities against S. aureus ATCC 25923, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, E. coli ATCC 35218, S. typhi CHUY, S enterica CHUY ; weak potency toward E. coli ATCC 35218 and was inactive on the tested fungi strains. The ethanolic and hydroethanolic extract displayed weak activities on E. coli ATCC 35218, S. enterica CHUY and S. typhi CHUY.
 The strongest antioxidative activities of efficient concentrations were exhibited by the ethanolic (10.681 ± 0.530µg/mL) and the hydroethanolic extracts (16.339 ± 0.043µg/mL).
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Sibri, Jean François, Joël Akakpo-Akue, Obou Constantin Okou, and Tatiana Kangah Mireille Kple. "Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of Aqueous and Hydro-Ethanolic Extracts of Ficus capensis, Newbouldia laevis and Carpolobia lutea." Asian Journal of Research in Biochemistry 13, no. 4 (2023): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajrb/2023/v13i4267.
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Scientific interest in the search for natural antioxidants (secondary metabolites) in medicinal plants has increased considerably in recent years, as free radicals are at the root of many diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of aqueous and hydroethanol extracts from the leaves of a basic plant product consisting of equal quantities of Ficus capensis, Newbouldia laevis and Carpolobia lutea. Quantitative determination of antioxidant activity was based on the flavonoid content of the base plant product. It was assessed by DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl) reduction tests and ferric ion reducing power (FRAP). The results of this study showed that the hydro-ethanol extract of the basic plant product is richer in flavonoids than that of the aqueous extract. In addition, the ICs50 of the aqueous and hydro-ethanolic extracts of the base plant product with DPPH were 2.13 ± 0.01 µg/mL and 1.19 ± 0.03 µg/mL respectively. In the FRAP test, the reducing powers of the hydroethanolic extract were generally higher than those of the aqueous extract at all concentrations tested. Particularly at the high concentration of 10 µg/mL, the reducing powers of the aqueous and hydroethanol extracts of the base plant product are 435.86 ± 1.29 µg/mL and 453.68 ± 0.71 µg/mL respectively. The hydroethanol extract therefore has better antioxidant activity than the aqueous extract.
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de Sousa, João Paulo B., Ana Paula S. Brancalion, Milton G. Júnior, and Jairo K. Bastos. "A Validated Chromatographic Method for the Determination of Flavonoids in Copaifera langsdorffii by HPLC." Natural Product Communications 7, no. 1 (2012): 1934578X1200700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1200700110.
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Hydroethanolic extracts of C. langsdorffii leaves have therapeutic potential. This work reports a validated chromatographic method for the quantification of polar compounds in the hydroethanolic extract of C. langsdorffii leaves. A reliable HPLC method was developed using two monolithic columns linked in series (100 × 4.6 mm – C18), with nonlinear gradient elution, and UV detection set at 257 nm. A procedure for the extraction of flavonols was also developed, which involved the use of 70% aqueous ethanol and the addition of benzophenone as the internal standard. The developed method led to a good detection response as the values for linearity were between 10.3 and 1000 μg/mL, and those for recovery between 84.2 and 111.1%. The detection limit ranged from 0.02 to 1.70 μg/mL and the quantitation limit from 0.07 to 5.1 μg/mL, with a maximum RSD of 5.24%. Five compounds, rutin, quercetin-3- O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, kaempferol-3- O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, quercetin and kaempferol, were quantified. This method could, therefore, be used for the quality control of hydroethanolic extracts of Copaifera leaves and their cosmetic and pharmaceutical products.
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Aabideen, Zain Ul, Muhammad Waseem Mumtaz, Muhammad Tayyab Akhtar, et al. "Cassia fistula Leaves; UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS Based Metabolite Profiling and Molecular Docking Insights to Explore Bioactives Role towards Inhibition of Pancreatic Lipase." Plants 10, no. 7 (2021): 1334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10071334.
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The present work was aimed at investigating hydroethanolic leaf extracts of Cassia fistula for their antioxidant and pancreatic lipase (PL) enzyme inhibitory properties. The most active extract was selected to profile the phytoconstituents by UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS technique. Among the tested extracts, the 80% hydroethanolic extract exhibited the maximum levels of total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC) with a contribution of 201.3 ± 2.6 mg of gallic acid equivalent per gram of extract (GAE/g extract), and 116.3 ± 2.4 mg of rutin equivalent per gram of extract (RE/g extract), respectively. The same extract also showed promising 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and PL inhibitory activity with an IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) of 30.5 ± 2.8 µg/mL and 17.31 ± 1.18 μg/mL, respectively. The phytochemical profiling of 80% hydroethanolic extract confirmed the presence of 23 metabolites of immense medicinal significance. Docking studies were conducted to investigate the potential interactions of compounds identified in the study. The docking study-based binding energy data and the interaction scheme both revealed the possible role of the identified compounds towards PL inhibitor. Moreover, energies of frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), ionization potentials (IP), electron affinities (EA) and molecular electrostatic potentials (MEP) were also explored. The findings of the current work suggest that C. fistula is a promising natural source of antioxidant and antiobesity agents, which may be exploited to add pharmacological functionalities to food.
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Mahamadou N. H, BALLO, Youl Estelle N.H, Traore Karim, et al. "study of antiradical activity, phospholipase A and 15-lipoxygenase inhibitory activity of eight malian medicinal plants used by traditional healers to treat inflammatory diseases." Indian Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 9, no. 3 (2022): 174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijpp.2022.031.
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Pro-inflammatory enzymes play a key role in inflammatory processes and are potential targets of anti-inflammatory drugs. In this study, the objective was to evaluate the antiradical activity of the extracts and their ability to inhibit phospholipase A and 15-lipoxygenase activity. The hydroethanolic extract of revealed the strongest reducing power with an IC of 7.29 ± 0.61 µg/mL. The three most active extracts on PLA were hydroethanolic extracts of (IC of 21.43 ± 0.66 μg/mL), (IC of 23.72 ± 0.71 µg/mL), (IC of 24.49 ± 0.39 µg/mL). The best inhibitory activity on 15-lipoxigenase was obtained with aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of with IC of 18.35 ± 1.26; 18.47 ± 1.12 µg/mL respectively. The present study showed that extracts of leaves of and roots of have antioxidant activity and effectively inhibit sPLA, and 15-LOX pro-inflammatory enzymes
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El Khomsi, Mostafa, Mohammed Kara, Anouar Hmamou, et al. "In Vitro Studies on the Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Total Polyphenol Content of Cynara humilis from Moulay Yacoub Area (Morocco)." Plants 11, no. 9 (2022): 1200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11091200.
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In Morocco, Cynara humilis L. is used in traditional medicine. The objective of this research was to research the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of hydroethanolic extracts from the C. humilis plant’s leaves and roots. The content of polyphenols and flavonoids was evaluated using Folin–Ciocalteu’s and aluminum chloride assays. Two techniques were used to evaluate antioxidant properties: antioxidant capacity in total (TAC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhdrazyl (DPPH). In antimicrobial assays, five pathogenic microbial strains were studied including two Escherichia coli, one coagulase-negative Staphylococcus and Klebsiella pneumoniae, and one Candida albicans, by two techniques: agar disk diffusion and microdilution. Leaves had a greater content of flavonoids 27.07 mg QE/g of extract and the polyphenols 38.84 mg GAE/g of extract than root 24.39 mg QE/g of extract and 29.39 mg GAE/g of extract, respectively. The TAC test value of the 0.77 mg AAE/g extract in the leaf extract was found to be significantly greater than that of the 0.60 mg EAA/g extract in the root extract. The DPPH antioxidant assay IC50 values of the root and leaf extract were 0.23 and 0.93 µg/mL, respectively. C. humilis extracts showed an antimicrobial effect against all tested strains, the inhibitory zone (DIZ) have values in the range between 12 and 15 mm. Moreover, the root extract showed the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against coagulase-negative Staphylococcus with an IC50 value of 6.25 mg/mL. The higher content of flavonoids and polyphenols in the hydroethanolic extracts of C. humilis leaves and roots demonstrates that they have a significant antimicrobial and antioxidant effect, as found in this study.
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Fankibe, Nakpane, Yendubé T. Kantati, Kossi Metowogo, et al. "Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Wound Healing Activities of Cochlospermum planchonii Hook. F." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 12, no. 2-S (2022): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v12i2-s.5267.
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Objective: The medicinal plant Cochlospermum planchonii Hook.f. is used in the management of various ailments in Togolese pharmacopoeia. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of roots and leaves of C. planchonii, and burn wound healing activity of its leaf hydroethanolic extracts in rodents.
 Materials and Methods: Antioxidant activities were assessed using Phosphomolybdenum assay, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test and the reducing power assay. Visceral pain model, formaldehyde-induced paw edema and vascular permeability test were performed to evaluate anti-inflammatory activities in vivo. Burns were induced in rats by applying on the skin of the dorsal region an aluminum plaque preheated to 100°C for 10 seconds. Animals were treated topically with empty Carbopol gel, C. planchonii leaves extract 2.5 and 5 % in Carbopol gel, and Brulex® (Zinc oxide 15 % cream).
 Results: C. planchonii extracts exhibited good antioxidant capacities close to standard compound, ascorbic acid. Leaves and root hydroethanolic extracts (1000 mg/kg), compared to control animals, significantly reduced the number of writhings (P<0.001) and the volume of paw edema (P<0.001). Similarly, both roots and leaf extracts at 1000 mg/kg have significantly inhibited vascular permeability by approximately 50% compared to the control group. C. planchonii leaves hydroethanolic extract 2.5 and 5 % in Carbopol enhanced wound healing via significantly increased contraction rates (78.63 ± 1.57 and 79.68 ± 1.48 respectively on day 12, P<0.001), confirmed by histological observations.
 Conclusion: C. planchonii can promote burn healing due to anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the plant.
 Keywords: Cochlospermum planchonii, inflammatory, antioxidant, edema, burn wound
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Fankibe, Nakpane, Yendubé T. Kantati, Kossi Metowogo, et al. "Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Wound Healing Activities of Cochlospermum planchonii Hook. F." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 12, no. 2-S (2022): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v12i2-s.5267.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: The medicinal plant Cochlospermum planchonii Hook.f. is used in the management of various ailments in Togolese pharmacopoeia. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of roots and leaves of C. planchonii, and burn wound healing activity of its leaf hydroethanolic extracts in rodents.
 Materials and Methods: Antioxidant activities were assessed using Phosphomolybdenum assay, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test and the reducing power assay. Visceral pain model, formaldehyde-induced paw edema and vascular permeability test were performed to evaluate anti-inflammatory activities in vivo. Burns were induced in rats by applying on the skin of the dorsal region an aluminum plaque preheated to 100°C for 10 seconds. Animals were treated topically with empty Carbopol gel, C. planchonii leaves extract 2.5 and 5 % in Carbopol gel, and Brulex® (Zinc oxide 15 % cream).
 Results: C. planchonii extracts exhibited good antioxidant capacities close to standard compound, ascorbic acid. Leaves and root hydroethanolic extracts (1000 mg/kg), compared to control animals, significantly reduced the number of writhings (P<0.001) and the volume of paw edema (P<0.001). Similarly, both roots and leaf extracts at 1000 mg/kg have significantly inhibited vascular permeability by approximately 50% compared to the control group. C. planchonii leaves hydroethanolic extract 2.5 and 5 % in Carbopol enhanced wound healing via significantly increased contraction rates (78.63 ± 1.57 and 79.68 ± 1.48 respectively on day 12, P<0.001), confirmed by histological observations.
 Conclusion: C. planchonii can promote burn healing due to anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the plant.
 Keywords: Cochlospermum planchonii, inflammatory, antioxidant, edema, burn wound
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Fankibe, Nakpane, Yendubé T. Kantati, Kossi Metowogo, et al. "Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Wound Healing Activities of Cochlospermum planchonii Hook. F." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 12, no. 2-S (2022): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v12i2-s.5267.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: The medicinal plant Cochlospermum planchonii Hook.f. is used in the management of various ailments in Togolese pharmacopoeia. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of roots and leaves of C. planchonii, and burn wound healing activity of its leaf hydroethanolic extracts in rodents.
 Materials and Methods: Antioxidant activities were assessed using Phosphomolybdenum assay, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test and the reducing power assay. Visceral pain model, formaldehyde-induced paw edema and vascular permeability test were performed to evaluate anti-inflammatory activities in vivo. Burns were induced in rats by applying on the skin of the dorsal region an aluminum plaque preheated to 100°C for 10 seconds. Animals were treated topically with empty Carbopol gel, C. planchonii leaves extract 2.5 and 5 % in Carbopol gel, and Brulex® (Zinc oxide 15 % cream).
 Results: C. planchonii extracts exhibited good antioxidant capacities close to standard compound, ascorbic acid. Leaves and root hydroethanolic extracts (1000 mg/kg), compared to control animals, significantly reduced the number of writhings (P<0.001) and the volume of paw edema (P<0.001). Similarly, both roots and leaf extracts at 1000 mg/kg have significantly inhibited vascular permeability by approximately 50% compared to the control group. C. planchonii leaves hydroethanolic extract 2.5 and 5 % in Carbopol enhanced wound healing via significantly increased contraction rates (78.63 ± 1.57 and 79.68 ± 1.48 respectively on day 12, P<0.001), confirmed by histological observations.
 Conclusion: C. planchonii can promote burn healing due to anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the plant.
 Keywords: Cochlospermum planchonii, inflammatory, antioxidant, edema, burn wound
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Zouhri, Aziz, Toufik Bouddine, Naoual El Menyiy, et al. "Chemical composition and potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic efficacy of Cistus albidus L." Acta Pharmaceutica 74, no. 1 (2024): 81–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acph-2024-0002.
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Abstract This study aims to assess the chemical composition of the aqueous extract of Cistus albidus L. leaves, as well as the potential of aqueous and hydroethanol extracts of the leaves and seeds as analgesic, anti--inflammatory, and antioxidant agents. The contents of phenolics and inorganic constituents were determined in C. albidus seeds and leaves; antioxidant capacity was assessed by 3 complementary and diverse tests. The carrageenan-induced paw edema technique was used to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect in vivo, and albumin denaturation to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect in vitro. The acetic acid-induced contortion test, the tail-flick test, and the plantar test were used to assess the analgesic effi cacy in vivo. Chemical analysis was performed by UPLC-MS/MS to quantify several phenolic compounds including catechin (1,627.6 mg kg−1), quercitrin (1,235.8 mg kg–1) and gallic acid (628. 2 mg kg−1). The ICP analysis revealed that potassium and calcium were the main inorganic components in the seeds and leaves of C. albidus. The hydroethanolic extract of the leaves showed the highest content of polyphenols/flavonoids, whereas the highest value of proantho cyanidins was detected in the aqueous extract of the seeds. All extracts showed potent antioxidant activity related to different phenolic compounds (quercetin, gallic acid, astragalin, catechin, and rutin). The aqueous extract of the leaves strongly inhibited paw edema (76.1 %) after 6 h of treatment and showed maximal inhibition of protein denaturation (191.0 µg mL−1 for 50 % inhibition) and analgesic activity in different nociceptive models. The presented data reveal that C. albidus extracts potentially show antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities that could confirm the traditional use of this plant.
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Malú, Quintino, Katelene Lima, Maryam Malmir, et al. "Contribution to the Preclinical Safety Assessment of Lannea velutina and Sorindeia juglandifolia Leaves." Plants 12, no. 1 (2022): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12010130.
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Dried leaves of Lannea velutina A. Rich. and Sorindeia juglandifolia (A. Rich.) Planch. ex Oliv. (family Anacardiaceae) are used in African traditional medicine. Although these medicinal plants have widespread use in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, there is no scientific data concerning their preclinical or clinical safety. This work aimed to investigate the phytochemical properties of the leaves of both species using HPLC-UV/DAD, as well as the in vivo oral repeated-dose toxicity of 70% hydroethanolic leaf extract of S. juglandifolia and the in vitro genotoxicity of 70% hydroethanolic leaf extracts of L. velutina and S. juglandifolia. Clinical signs of toxicity, body weight variations, and changes in food consumption, mortality, and blood biochemical parameters were monitored. Genotoxicity was assessed using the bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test) with and without metabolic activation, according to OECD guidelines. The obtained results showed the presence of gallic acid and anacardic acid as the main marker constituents in both species. No significant changes in general body weight or food intake were observed; small significant changes with no critical relevance were observed in the blood biochemistry of animals treated with S. juglandifolia hydroethanolic extract (50, 400, and 1000 mg/kg body weight) compared to those in the control group. No genotoxicity was observed in the bacterial reverse mutation assay with S. juglandifolia and L. velutina extracts (up to 5 mg/plate). The safety data obtained in vivo and lack of genotoxic potential in vitro points to the safe medicinal use of S. juglandifolia and L. velutina extracts.
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Luquis, Fernando, Andréia Aparecida Oliveira Silva, Nilsa Sumie Yamashita Wadt, Edgar Matias Bach Hi, Ana Maria Cristina CRPF Martins, and Erna Elisabeth Bach. "Arctium lappa L.: Chemical composition, antioxidants, phytochemical compounds and use for healing activity." South Florida Journal of Development 2, no. 2 (2021): 2063–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.46932/sfjdv2n2-073.
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Arctium lappa L, popularly known as burdock, is a medicinal plant with wide application in chinese folk medicine. The objective of the present work was to proceed hydroethanolic extraction of the leaves, to analyze the chemical compounds as proteins, phenols, antioxidants, phytochemical and its skin healing potential in exposed cutaneous lesions in rats treated with gel containing the extract. For preparation the extract, fresh leaves of the burdock plant were obtained from Sitio Wadt located in Valinhos, SP and dried. 50g of dry leaves was subjected to percolation. Extract was tested to quantify proteins, phenols, and antioxidant capability. For skin healing of wound in rats, it was used male Wistar rats, divided in three groups (treated, control and fibrinase). Was performed daily application over the wound and healing evaluated macroscopically and measured by digital planimetry. Results demonstrated that hydroethanolic extract of leaves presented proteins, phenols, phenolic compounds and antioxidants. In animals, fibrinase was not as efficient as burdock extract and when compared to control group. It is possible to conclude that the gel with burdock extract is effective at skin healing in rats, being used as a phytoterapic, besides possessing antioxidant activity.
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Feudjio, Huguette Bocanestine Laure, Marie Stéphanie Chekem Goka, Josias Djenguemtar, et al. "Antityphoid and Antioxidant Activities of Leaf Extracts of Dracaena deisteliana Eng. (Dracaenaceae)." International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health 44, no. 22 (2023): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i221494.
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Salmonellosis is a major public health problem in developing countries where it is endemic. The genus Salmonella express the oxyR gene that codes for several proteins that allow them to resist free radicals. To investigate the antioxidant activity in vitro (aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts in vivo (of the 55% hydroethanolic extract)) of Dracaena deisteliana leaves in albino’s rats of Wistar strain previously infected with the Salmonella Typhi ATCC 6539 strain. The in vitro antioxidant activity of these extracts was determined by studying their anti-radical power with DPPH●, then their iron-reducing power and determining their flavonoids and total phenols content. The in vivo antioxidant activity was determined in plasma and tissues of albino’s rats of wistar strain aged between 8 and 10 weeks previously infected with Salmonella typhi ATCC 6539. These infected rats concurrently received daily doses of Dracaena deisteliana extract (10, 20 and 51.84 mg/kg) and ciprofloxacin (14 mg/kg) as positive control, for 15 days. At the end of the treatment period, the animals were sacrificed and blood, liver, kidney, heart, lung, spleen testis and ovaris were collected for evaluation of antioxidants parameters, which included malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, catalase and peroxidase, as well as biological responses. Regarding the in vitro antioxidant tests, the 55% hydroethanolic extract had the best IC50 (11.99 μg/ml). The iron reducing power of this extract was higher than the other extracts at 200 μg/ml. The highest levels of flavonoids and total phenols were obtained respectively with this extract. This extract (10, 20 and 51.84 mg/kg) cured the infected rats between the 8th and 12th day of treatment. The extract also significantly reduced blood malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels, and significantly increased the activity of catalase and peroxidase in the infected rats. The results suggest that leaves extract of Dracaena deisteliana contains antisalmonella and antioxidant substances, which could be used for the treatment of typhoid fever and reduces the state of oxidative stress caused by Salmonella. Typhi during rat’s infection.
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Celaya, Liliana, Carmen Viturro, and Luís R. Silva. "Acantholippia salsoloides: Phytochemical Composition and Biological Potential of a Thujonic Population." Natural Product Communications 14, no. 6 (2019): 1934578X1985854. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x19858542.
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Acantholippia salsoloides (Verbenaceae) is an aromatic plant widespread in the Andean region. The infusion (leaves and flowers) is widely used as a digestive stimulant as well as for the treatment of various diseases in traditional medicine. A. salsoloides attributes its common name “rica-rica” to the fresh and sweet fragrance of the plant. In this work, 2 different polar extracts and the essential oil of a selected rica-rica population were studied. The phenolic composition was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography diode array detector; the essential oil profile was determined by gas-chromatography ion-trap mass spectrometry/flame ionization detection. For all extracts, the antibacterial potential was performed by in vitro assays; the antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibition were determined in decoction and hydroethanolic extracts. The volatile profile allowed the identification of 26 volatile compounds, β-thujone (84%) being the major one in this rica-rica population. Eighteen phenolic compounds were identified; isoferulic acid (16%-18%) and cynaroside (45%-47%) were the larger ones. In a general way, the hydroethanolic extract was more active against Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus (minimum inhibitory concentrations= 0.3- 1.3 mg/mL). Both polar extracts have strong antiradical activities although decoction extract proved to be more active against DPPH· (half-maximal inhibitory concentration [IC50] =36 µg/mL) and O2•− (IC50 =28 µg/mL) while hydroethanolic extract shows higher action over α-glucosidase (IC50 =217 µg/mL). The results suggest that A. salsoloides leaves and flowers may be an interesting source of natural antioxidants, antidiabetics, or antimicrobials, and could be used in dietary supplements, medicinal products and pharmaceutical formulations.
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DERMANE ET AL., Affo. "Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Momordica charantia L. leaves." International Journal of Pharmaceutical, Physico-chemical and Nutritional Analysis 1, no. 2 (2023): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.61585/ucad-ijppna-v1i202.
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Momordica charantia L. is used as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent to fight infections. This work aimed at evaluating antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of hydroethanolic extract of Momordica charantia leaves. The extract was obtained by maceration of crude leaf powder (hydroethanolic 30:70). The phytochemical screening was focused on the detection of major chemical groups. The total flavonoid contents were studied using the aluminum chloride colorimetric method. The antioxidant capacity was carried out by the phosphomolybdate reduction method and by FRAP method. The antimicrobial activity of the extract was carried out by the diffusion method and micro dilution. Our extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, phenol compounds, saponins, triterpenes, flavonoids. The total flavonoids contents of our extract is 143.65 ± 2.51 mg RE/g. The antioxidant activity by the phosphomolybdate reduction method and by the FRAP method are respectively 65.42 ± 6.24 mg AAE/g and 165.5 ± 17.55mg FSE/g. The extract of Momordica charantia has bactericidal action on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Staphylococcus aureus SARM, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Cutibacterium acnes ATCC 6919 and fungistatic action on Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Momordica charantia could be a new source of antioxidant and antimicrobial agent. A fractionation and identification of biomolecules will be investigated.
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Ouattara, Abou, Youssouf Traore, Gboko Abiba Ouattara, Gnidian Konate, Karamoko Ouattara, and Adama Coulibaly. "Antioxidant and anti-gastroenteritis activities of Funtumia elastica (Apocynaceae) and Caesalpinia bonduc (Caeasalpiniaceae)." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 1 (2020): 170–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i1.14.
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Oxidative stress and infectious diseases are health problems on a global scale. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-gastroenteritis activities of hydroethanolic extracts of leaves of Funtumia elastica and Caesalpinia bonduc. After obtaining the hydroethanolic extracts, the phytochemical tests were carried out. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by different assays using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and lipid peroxidation inhibition (FTC and TBARS methods). The agar well diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial activity to the plant extract. The triphytochemical study has revealed that these plants extracts contain a diversity of secondary metabolites. F. elastica gave a good anti-radical activity (IC50 = 36 μg/ml). F. elastica recorded the highest rate of inhibition of lipid peroxidation with 63% (FTC method) and 65% (TBARS method). C. bonduc extract (200 mg/ml) inhibited the in vitro growth of all the bacterial strains studied in this study with inhibition diameters that evolved between 9 mm and 13 mm. These plant extracts could be used if they are improved for the treatment of gastroenteritis related to Shigella and Escherichia coli and in the care of pathologies related to oxidative stress.
 © 2020 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.
 Keywords: Antioxidant, anti-gastroenteritis, Funtumia elastica, Caesalpinia bonduc, hydroethanolic extracts
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Itakpe, Josephine Iruolagbe, Beatrice E. Imananaghe Amene, Robinson Ohanador, et al. "Hydroethanolic Leaves Extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum Modulates Kim-1 Expression in Methyl Mercury Induced Kidney Damage." Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences 13, no. 04 (2025): 833–37. https://doi.org/10.36347/sjams.2025.v13i04.001.
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Bryophyllum pinnatum is a perennial herb native to Madagascar, it is used locally in the treatment of several conditions in folklore medicine. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of Bryophyllum pinnatum leaves aqueous extract in Methyl mercury-induced kidney damage in wistar albino rat model. Methyl mercury, an environmental toxicant has the potential to cause kidney damage when exposed in a large quantity. Twenty five adult male wistar albino rats were given 2 mg/kg of methyl mercury to induce kidney damage. Group B received 2mg/kg of methyl mercury without treatment, animals in Group C received 2mg/kg of methyl mercury and 90 mg/kg succimer, Group D received 2 mg/kg of methyl mercury and 100mg/kg of the plant extract while group E received 2mg/kg of methyl mercury and 200mg/kg. Animals in Group F received 2 mg/kg of methyl mercury and 400mg/kg body weight of the plant extract via oral intubation for 30 days. Kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1) and uric acid level of the research animals were analysed to know the effect of the hydroethanolic leave extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum in methyl mercury induced kidney damage. A significant change was observed on the levels of Kim-1 and uric acid levels of the wistar albino rats after treatment with Succimer and Bryophyllum pinnatum hydroethanolic leaf extract. Bryophyllum pinnatum hydroethanolic leaf extract has the potential to reverse the effect of methyl mercury on Kim-1 and uric acid levels of the wistar albino rats.
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Zabbey, VZ, OM Adienbo, SO Ojeka, and DV Dapper. "PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND GC–MS ANALYSIS OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS PRESENT IN HYDROETHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT OF SOLANUM AETHIOPICUM (L)." GPH-International Journal of Biological & Medicine Science 05, no. 01 (2022): 01–09. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6849713.
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<em>Solanum aethiopicum</em> is a popular traditional vegetable cultivated widely in tropical Africa. It is a species of garden egg grown mostly for the nutritional and medicinal values of its leaves and fruits. This research was carried out to investigate the phytochemicals and GC-MS analysis of the hydroethanolic leaf extract of <em>Solanum aethiopicum</em>. Fresh, healthy, and young leaves of the plant were collected from a farm in Omuokiri in Aluu, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. These collected leaves were air-dried and grounded into a powdered form and subjected to selective sequential extraction using water and ethanol to obtain a hydroethanolic extract. The extract was then subjected to qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses as well as gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS), to determine its bioactive constituents. The quantitative determination of the different biologically active compounds from the hydroethanolic leaf extract of the plant using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed the presence of fifteen (15) bioactive and chemical entities of known biological activities. These chemical entities found in the leaf of the studied plant were found to vary in their molecular weights and amounts present and were considered to be biologically and pharmacologically important. The study has established the chemical composition of the leaf of <em>Solanum aethiopicum </em>and therefore provides the basis for accounting for its anti-cancerous, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, weight reduction, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardio-protective, and immuno-modulatory activities.
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Kumari, Anjana, Vinit Prakash, Dinesh Gupta, et al. "Identification and evaluation of antimicrobial and anti-arthritis activities of hydroethanolic extract of Rubus ellipticus leaves." Narra J 3, no. 3 (2023): e152. https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v3i3.152.
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Rubus ellipticus is a native plant to India's tropical and subtropical regions and has been used as a traditional medicinal. The aim of the study was to identify and evaluate the antimicrobial and anti-arthritis activities of hydroethanolic extract of R. ellipticus leaves (HEERE). The leaves were collected from the Narkanda Valley, India and were shade-dried and finely ground to produce the powder. The hydroethanolic extract was utilized for phytochemical analysis to determine the existence of carbohydrate, phenolic, terpenoid, flavonoid, saponin, glycoside, tannin, protein, and alkaloid. The HEERE was further analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the characterization of the phytoconstituents. The antimicrobial activity was tested against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus as well as Aspergillus niger. To assess its anti-arthritic activities, different doses of HEERE were given orally to complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced albino Wistar rats for twenty-one days. The GC-MS analysis of hydroethanolic extracts from leaves detected and identified the presence of 33 phytochemical compounds. HEERE showed significant effects against E. coli, S. aureus, and A. niger strains at 600 ppm. Our data indicated that HEERE 200 mg/kg was more effective than 50 mg/kg as anti-arthritis. Paw volume, ankle-joint diameter, the number of leucocytes, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were all significantly reduced in experimental rats. Furthermore, when compared to respective standard drugs, the body weight, erythrocyte, hemoglobin, and synobium healing effect have all improved. These data demonstrated the potential of R. ellipticus for the long-term investigation of antimicrobial and anti-arthritic properties.
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Mihai, Sebastian, Denisa Dumitrescu, Madalina Ana Raducanu, Iuliana Stoicescu, and Victoria Badea. "Phytochemical Profile and Total Antioxidant Capacity of Sempervivum ruthenicum Koch Hydroethanolic Extract." Revista de Chimie 70, no. 1 (2019): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.19.1.6843.
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The scope of this work is a phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity assay of a Sempervivum ruthenicum Koch hydroethanolic extract. The hydroethanolic extract was prepared from the dried leaves of the plant by maceration in a water and methanol mixture (50:50 v/v). The total phenolic content of the extract was calculated to be 3.0501�0.0272 mg/mL and the total flavonoid content was determined in a concentration of 3.113�0.0394 mg/mL. The HPLC-DAD analysis revealed phenolic acids and flavonoids, which were quantified. The most prevalent phenolic acids in the extracts were gallic and ellagic acids, with concentrations of 1.2443�0.0475 mg/mL, respectively 0.6339�0.0026 mg/mL. The heteroside astragalin was present in high concentration of 1.1934�0.0754 mg/mL. The DPPH free radical scavenging assay revealed the EC50 value of the extract to be 2.5788�0.003 mg/mL. These results suggest a good scavenging ability of the extract, which is due to the abundance of polyphenolic compounds. The antioxidant activity of the extract demonstrates a high scavenging ability at low doses. Sempervivum ruthenicum Koch shows a promising phytochemical profile that suggests it�s use in pathological conditions that involve high oxidative stress.
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Azevedo, Sthéfanny Caroline Mendes, Bruno Sampaio Amorim, Rogéria Cristina Zauli, et al. "The Antileishmanial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential of Cecropia concolor Willd (Urticaceae), an Amazonian Species." Processes 12, no. 10 (2024): 2237. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr12102237.
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Cecropia sp. (Urticaceae) are commonly used in traditional medicine in South American countries for the treatment of different diseases. To date, the species Cecropia concolor Willd, of Amazonian occurrence, has not been investigated for its pharmacological potential. In this study, we described the chemical profile and the antileishmanial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of extracts of the leaves of C. concolor. The ethanolic extract and its partition phases (hexane, ethyl acetate and hydroethanolic) were analyzed for their chemical classes and phenolic content. Antileishmanial activity was assessed against Leishmania (L.) amazonensis. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH method and in MRC-5 human fibroblast cells. Toxicity was tested against Artemia salina and in human cells (fibroblasts and cancer lines). The leaves of C. concolor have phenolic substances, such as flavonoids, as well as terpenes, steroids and alkaloids. Chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, schaftoside and vicenin 2 were identified. The hydroethanolic phase showed a high concentration of phenolic compounds and pronounced antioxidant activity. The antileishmanial activity was observed in the ethanolic extract, with a promising effect of the hexane phase. The C. concolor ethanolic extract and its phases are non-toxic, which makes this species of interest in pharmaceutical and cosmetics applications.
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Ouadja, Batcha, Gnatoulma Katawa, Gerard A. Toudji, et al. "Anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Chenopodium ambrosioides L. (Chenopodiaceae) extracts." Journal of Applied Biosciences 162 (June 30, 2021): 16764–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/jabs.162.7.
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Objective: Chenopodium ambrosioides is an aromatic plant widely used in the Togolese traditional medicine. However, little is known about its pharmacological properties. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of its extracts. Methodology and results: Thus, an ethnopharmacological survey was undertaken in Kara town in the northern part of Togo to assess the main uses in the traditional medicine and Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectral Analysis (GC-MS) was used to identify several compounds in the extracts. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by FRAP, ABTS, DPPH methods. Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities were assessed by soybean lipoxygenase inhibition and in vitro broth micro dilution techniques, respectively. Propidium iodide cell death was evaluated by flow cytometry and in vivo toxicity was assessed using wistar rats. The ethnopharmacological survey revealed that traditional healers use C. ambrosioides to treat malaria, intestinal worms and inflammation in addition to healing wounds. The hydroethanolic extract had high content of total phenols (324.80±17.30 µgEAG/mg) and flavonoids (63.20±8.70 µgEQ/mg), however the highest antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiinflammatory activities were obtained with the essential oil. GC-MS analysis leads to identification of hydrocarbon monoterpenes such as 2carene, ortho-cymene and α-terpinene as the major components of the essential oil. All the tested extracts induced cell death (14.60 ± 9.23% at 2 µL/mL, 72.64 ± 15.92% at 200µL/mL and 89.50 ± 7.16 at 100 mg/mL for essential oil, hydrosol and hydroethanolic extract, respectively). Conclusion and application of results. The present study demonstrated various pharmacological activities of hydroethanolic extract, essential oil and hydrosol of leaves of Chenopodium ambrosioides. The essential oil had antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiinflammatory activities and could be the most active component of the leaves of Chenopodium ambrosioides. Our findings highlighted perspectives for the discovery of new medicinal molecules derived from plant extrats and confirmed certain practices of traditional healers. Keywords: Chenopodium ambrosioides, extract, pharmacological activities
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Michalak, Monika, Małgorzata Stryjecka, Paulina Żarnowiec, Martyna Zagórska-Dziok, and Anna Kiełtyka-Dadasiewicz. "Chemical Composition of Extracts from Various Parts of Feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium L.) and Their Antioxidant, Protective, and Antimicrobial Activities." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 22 (2024): 12179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms252212179.
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Tanacetum parthenium is a medicinal plant from the Asteraceae family that can be applied externally in the case of various skin diseases. The aim of the study was to perform a phytochemical analysis of hydroethanolic extracts from the aerial parts (herb), flower heads, and leaves of feverfew and to assess their biological properties. Hydrodistilled oils were analyzed using GC-MS. The chemical composition of the extracts was estimated using spectrophotometry and the HPLC method. Moreover, the extracts were evaluated to determine their antioxidant potential using DPPH and FRAP and measuring the intracellular level of ROS. The cytotoxicity of extracts toward keratinocytes and fibroblasts was also analyzed, as well as their antimicrobial properties against 12 microorganisms. The results of the research revealed that chrysanthenone and α-thujone were the dominant volatile compounds in the essential oil from the flowers, while camphor, trans-chrysanthenyl acetate, and camphene were predominant in the essential oil from the leaves and herb. The results of HPLC showed that the major polyphenol compounds present in the hydroethanolic extracts from various parts of T. parthenium were 3,5-dicaffeoyl-quinic acid, chlorogenic acid, and 3,4-dicaffeoyl-quinic acid. The extract from feverfew flowers was shown to have the highest content of total polyphenols, flavonoids, and phenolic acids, as well as the highest antioxidant potential. In turn, the herb extract had the highest content of condensed tannins and terpenoids and exhibited the most effective antimicrobial properties against the 12 bacterial and fungal strains. Moreover, the hydroethanolic extracts from different parts of T. parthenium plants were shown to have a potent protective effect on skin cells. The present study supports the potential applications of Tanacetum parthenium in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.
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Puthallath, Rejeesh Edavan, Sridevi Kotekar, S. N. Rao, Megha Rani Narayana, and Roopa P. Nayak. "Effect on anxiety of Coriandrum sativum leaf hydroethanolic extract oil and aqueous fraction in swiss albino mice." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 9, no. 7 (2020): 1032. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20202936.
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Background: Anxiety is a protective reflex and the most common disorder. This study was done to evaluate the effect of anxiolytic property of oil and aqueous fractions isolated from hydroethanolic extracts of Coriandrum sativum leaf by novel freezing technique with swiss albino mice.Methods: Hydroethanolic extract of Coriandrum sativum leaves was prepared. Oil and aqueous part were separated with freezing technique. Animals were divided into six groups. Ist group served as control and 1% DMSO was administered orally. IInd to Vth group were administered with Coriandrum sativum oil fraction and Coriandrum sativum aqueous fraction at doses of 400 and 800 mg/kg orally. VIth group was treated with diazepam 1mg/kg orally. After one hour of dosing, battery of test was done viz, elevated plus maze (EPM), light dark arena, photo actometer and rotarod.Results: One-way analysis variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett's multiple comparison test was used for statistical analysis. Anxiolytic property was found to be in the following order diazepam>coriandrum sativum aqueous 800>coriandrum sativum aqueous 400>coriandrum sativum oil 800>coriandrum sativum oil 400 mg/kg. All the extracts were devoid of adverse effects of motor coordination.Conclusions: Coriandrum sativum leaf possesses anxiolytic effect. The aqueous fraction of the hydroethanolic extract of the Coriandrum sativum leaf was found to be potent and further analysis may lead to identification of active compounds. The findings that the extract is non-sedating anxiolytic and is of good safety index are promising.
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Gupta, Vijeta, and Vijender Singh. "ANTIPSYCHOTIC ACTIVITY ON HYDROETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF LEAVES OF CITRUS LIMON LINN." International Journal of Research in Ayurveda & Pharmacy 8, no. 3 (2017): 217–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.083203.
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Casagrande, Junior Cesar, Luis Fernando Benitez Macorini, Katia Avila Antunes, et al. "Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activity of Hydroethanolic Extract from Jacaranda decurrens Leaves." PLoS ONE 9, no. 11 (2014): e112748. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112748.
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Lopes, Rafael Henrique Oliveira, Luis Fernando Benitez Macorini, Katia Ávila Antunes, et al. "Antioxidant and Hypolipidemic Activity of the Hydroethanolic Extract ofCuratella americanaL. Leaves." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9681425.
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High levels of reactive oxygen species in the body and hyperlipidemia are key factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. The present study investigated the antioxidant and hypolipidemic activity of hydroethanolic extract ofCuratella americanaL. leaves (ExC). The antioxidant activity of ExC was assessed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH) scavenging capacity and protection against hemolysis induced by 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH), followed by quantification of malondialdehyde (MDA). Wistar rats with hyperlipidemia induced by high-fructose diet (60%) were treated for 60 days with water, simvastatin (30 mg·Kg−1), ciprofibrate (2 mg·Kg−1), and ExC (200 mg·Kg−1). ExC revealed IC50of6.0±0.5 μg·mL−1, an intermediary value among positive controls used in the assay of DPPH scavenging capacity. At all concentrations (50 to 125 μg·mL−1) and times (60 to 240 min) evaluated, ExC protected erythrocytes against AAPH-induced hemolysis, which was confirmed by lower MDA levels.In vivotests showed a reduction of 34 and 45%, respectively, in serum concentration of cholesterol and triglycerides in hyperlipidemic rats treated with ExC, a similar effect compared to the reference drugs, simvastatin and ciprofibrate, respectively. Together, the results showed the antioxidant activity of ExC and its ability to improve the serum lipid profile in hyperlipidemic rats.
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Youssef, Seria, Luisa Custódio, Maria João Rodrigues, et al. "Harnessing the Bioactive Potential of Limonium spathulatum (Desf.) Kuntze: Insights into Enzyme Inhibition and Phytochemical Profile." Plants 12, no. 19 (2023): 3391. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12193391.
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This study assessed the halophyte species Limonium spathulatum (Desf.) as a possible source of natural ingredients with the capacity to inhibit enzymes related to relevant human health disorders and food browning. Extracts using food-grade solvents such as water and ethanol were prepared by maceration from dried L. spathulatum leaves. They were evaluated for in vitro inhibition activity of enzymes such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), α-glucosidase, tyrosinase and lipase, related to Alzheimer’s disease, type-2-diabetes mellitus, skin hyperpigmentation, and obesity, respectively. These extracts were also appraised for in vitro acute toxicity on tumoral and non-tumoral cell lines and their chemical composition by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). The extracts were more effective towards BChE than AChE. The best results were obtained with the hydroethanolic and water extracts, with IC50 values of 0.03 mg/mL and 0.06 mg/mL, respectively. The hydroethanolic extract had the highest capacity to inhibit α-glucosidase (IC50: 0.04 mg/mL), higher than the positive control used (acarbose, IC50 = 3.14 mg/mL). The ethanol extract displayed the best inhibitory activity against tyrosinase (IC50 = 0.34 mg/mL). The tested samples did not inhibit lipase and exhibited low to moderate cytotoxic activity against the tested cell lines. The hydroethanolic extract had a higher diversity of compounds, followed by the ethanol and water samples. Similar molecules were identified in all the extracts and were mainly hydroxybenzoic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, and flavonoids. Taken together, these results suggest that L. spathulatum should be further explored as a source of bioactive ingredients for the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.
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Emmanuel Orou Doro Bakrou, Yaya Alain Koudoro, Sophie Reine Gbedossou Bogninou, et al. "Phytochemical screening and evaluation of antiradical and antimicrobial activities of Annona senegalensis and Detarium microcarpum leaves used in Benin to treat urinary infections." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 29, no. 1 (2024): 214–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.29.1.0387.
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The challenge of resistance to synthetic antimicrobials necessitates new alternative solutions. Medicinal plants are rich in active compounds with various medicinal properties that can be used in treatment of urinary infections. This work aims to highlight the value of Annona senegalensis and Detarium microcarpum by evaluating phytochemical and antimicrobial potentials of their leaf extracts. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were carried out using color and precipitation reactions and spectrophotometric assays. The antiradical activity was evaluated using the DPPH test, and the antimicrobial activity was assessed by the agar diffusion method. Phytochemical screening showed that both plants contain anthraquinones, catechic tannins, coumarins, flavonoids, reducing compounds, sterols and terpenes. Hydroethanolic extract of Detarium microcarpum and A. senegalensis showed IC50 inhibition percentages of 0.20 mg/mL and 0.22 mg/mL respectively. Regarding antimicrobial activity, the hydroethanolic leaf extracts of D. microcarpum and A. senegalensis were found to be bactericidal and fungicidal against the tested bacteria and molds. This extract showed more pronounced antimicrobial activity than amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin, which are synthetic antimicrobials. Diversity of secondary metabolites and notable antimicrobial activity of D. microcarpum and A. senegalensis may justify their use in traditional medicine for treating urinary infections in Benin.
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Asue, Bate Antuan, Edith Lem Abongwa, Vanessa Tchadji Mayoudom, et al. "Preclinical Evaluation of the Anti-inflammatory Properties of Plants Extracts of Ficus exasperata (Moraceae) on Wistar Rat Models." Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 27, no. 1 (2025): 53–62. https://doi.org/10.9734/jamps/2025/v27i1746.
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Introduction: In view of the rising global death rate associated with inflammatory diseases, a cost friendly, more effective and, safer drug with lesser side effects is needed. Inflammation is a part of the complex biological response of vascular tissue to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. It is characterized by redness, swollen joints, joint pain, heat, and loss of joint functions. Chronic inflammatory diseases have been recognized as the most significant cause of death in the world today, with more than 50% of all deaths being attributable to inflammation-related diseases. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and Steroidal anti-inflammatory (SAIDs) are used throughout the world for the treatment and management of inflammation, pain, and fever. Since many NSAIDs are associated with, side effects such as gastrointestinal bleeding and suppressed function of the immune system, medicinal herbs are new alternatives to search out new chemical substances that would have better therapeutic results with low toxic profile. Recent studies on Ficus exasperata suggest that it might be as effective as some NSAIDs in the treatment of inflammation and related pain. Objectives: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties of the different plants extracts of Ficus exasperata in rats of Wistar train. Methods: The powdered material of leaves of Ficus exasperata was extracted by decoction, infusion, aqueous maceration, and hydroethanolic maceration. Phytochemical screening was carried out on the four different extracts: aqueous extract, hydroethanolic extracts, decoction and Infusion. The anti-inflammatory properties of Ficus exasperata were evaluated in vitro by egg albumin and bovine albumin using the heat induced Protein denaturation assay. Results: The leaves of Ficus exasperata was effective in inhibiting albumin denaturation. Varying concentrations of the plant extract significantly, (p < 0.05) inhibited the denaturation of albumin when compared to the control group. Aspirin and Indomethacin showed a similar trend. The inhibition by the extract is concentration-dependent with 32.25 µg/ml having an inhibition of 8.89 for infusion, 9.66% for hydroethanolic, 10.29% for aqueous maceration, and 12.6% for decoction compared to indomethacin and aspirin with inhibition 36.94% and 40.36%, respectively. The highest percentage inhibition was seen at 1000 µg/mL with inhibition of 34.22% for aqueous maceration, 40.77% for infusion, 41.61 % for hydroethanolic and 42.34% for decoction compared to indomethacin and aspirin with 67.06% and 58.45%, respectively. The plants extracts showed anti-inflammatory activity by decreasing the rate of denaturation of protein. Conclusion: The studied extract justifies anti-inflammatory properties, which were confirmed by protecting against protein denaturation.
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Lopes Frota, Clara do Prado, Alessa Castro Ribeiro, Marco Túlio Alvarenga Calil Filho, et al. "Momordica charantia L. improves airway hyperresponsiveness and suppresses inflammation in a murine model of allergic asthma." Allergologia et Immunopathologia 50, no. 2 (2022): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15586/aei.v50i2.577.
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Objective: To evaluate the effect of a hydroethanolic extract of Momordica charantia L. (“bitter melon”, Cucurbitaceae) leaves (MCHA) on ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model. Balb/c mice were sensitized twice and challenged for 4 alternate days with OVA and then treated with MCHA (500 mg/kg) for 7 consecutive days. Methods: Control groups received treatment with normal saline or dexamethasone (2 mg/kg) on the same day. We assessed in vivo bronchial hyperresponsiveness and ex-vivo inflammation and mucus production in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), lung homogenates, and lung tissue. Results: MCHA significantly improved airway hyperresponsiveness near baseline levels. MCHA administration significantly improved airway and lung inflammation, demonstrated by decreased total and inflammatory cells in BAL, lower levels of IL-5 and IL-13 in lung homogenate, and fewer inflammatory cells in lung tissue. Additionally, MCHA significantly diminished goblet cells in lung tissue. Conclusions: Administration of a hydroethanolic extract of M. charantia leaves was effective in treating OVA-induced asthma in an animal model.