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Journal articles on the topic 'Hydrogel method'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Fu, Qiang, Junxiao Tang, Weimin Wang, and Rongjie Wang. "Biocomposite Polyvinyl Alcohol/Ferritin Hydrogels with Enhanced Stretchability and Conductivity for Flexible Strain Sensors." Gels 11, no. 1 (2025): 59. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11010059.

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Protein-based hydrogels with stretchability and conductivity have potential applications in wearable electronic devices. However, the development of protein-based biocomposite hydrogels is still limited. In this work, we used natural ferritin to develop a PVA/ferritin biocomposite hydrogel by a repetitive freeze–thaw method. In this biocomposite hydrogel, ferritin, as a nano spring, forms a hydrogen bond with the PVA networks, which reduces the crystallinity of PVA and significantly improves the stretchability of the hydrogel. The fracture strain of the PVA/ferritin hydrogel is 203%, and the f

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2

Wang, Xinyu, Huiyuan Wang, Hongmin Zhang, Tianxi Yang, Bin Zhao, and Juan Yan. "Investigation of the Impact of Hydrogen Bonding Degree in Long Single-Stranded DNA (ssDNA) Generated with Dual Rolling Circle Amplification (RCA) on the Preparation and Performance of DNA Hydrogels." Biosensors 13, no. 7 (2023): 755. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios13070755.

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DNA hydrogels have gained significant attention in recent years as one of the most promising functional polymer materials. To broaden their applications, it is critical to develop efficient methods for the preparation of bulk-scale DNA hydrogels with adjustable mechanical properties. Herein, we introduce a straightforward and efficient molecular design approach to producing physically pure DNA hydrogel and controlling its mechanical properties by adjusting the degree of hydrogen bonding in ultralong single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) precursors, which were generated using a dual rolling circle amplif

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3

Sihombing, Y. A., N. Nafisah, I. Anshori, D. A. Hapidin, D. Edikresnha, and K. Khairurrijal. "Preparation and Characterization of PVA/Chitosan-Based Hydrogels Enriched with Carbon Materials via the Freeze-Thaw Method." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2733, no. 1 (2024): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2733/1/012011.

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Abstract The freeze-thaw method successfully prepared polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/chitosan (CS)-based hydrogels. This study evaluated the hydrogel’s physical and thermal properties with a compositional variation of activated carbon (AC) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in PVA/CS (PCS) hydrogel. Incorporating AC into the PCS hydrogel led to pore reduction, yielding a lower swelling degree in PCS/AC hydrogel than in PCS hydrogel. On the other hand, adding rGO had minimal impact on the shape and distribution of pores. However, rGO exhibited effective dispersion on the hydrogel surface, reducing the s

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4

Gayatri, J. khanderao, A. Kubde Jitendra, R. Hatwar Pooja, L. Bakal Ravindra, and G. Karule Vaishnavi. "A review article on PH- sensitive Hydrogel." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 29, no. 3 (2024): 069–81. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829686.

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Hydrogels are a type of hydrophilic network that can be cross-linked through physical or chemical means. They are a three-dimensional network. Hydrogels are also known as hydrophilic gels due to their significant water absorption capacity. Hydrogels are known for their swelling, mechanical qualities, biodegradability, elasticity, biocompatibility, ease of modification and flexibility, among other attributes. This article discusses general hydrogels knowledge, including its significance, preparation process, synthesis, chemical and physical properties, features, benefits, and drawbacks. Hydroge

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5

Chen, Liting, Zheqiong Fan, Weiguo Mao, Cuiying Dai, Daming Chen, and Xinghong Zhang. "Analysis of Formation Mechanisms of Sugar-Derived Dense Carbons via Hydrogel Carbonization Method." Nanomaterials 12, no. 22 (2022): 4090. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12224090.

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Four kinds of sugar (glucose, fructose, sucrose, and maltose) were selected as carbon precursors, and corresponding dense carbon products were prepared using a novel hydrogel carbonization method. The carbonization processes of sugar–polyacrylamide (sugar–PAM) hydrogels were studied in detail. The molecular structures in the raw materials were analyzed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR). Samples prepared at different temperatures were characterized by thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The morphology and microstructure of

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6

Tang, Yuanhan, Junjie Ding, Xun Zhou, et al. "Injectable hydrogels of enzyme-catalyzed cross-linked tyramine-modified gelatin for drug delivery." Australian Journal of Chemistry 76, no. 2 (2023): 88–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch22188.

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Enzymatically catalyzed cross-linking is a hydrogel fabrication method that generally is considered to have lower cytotoxicity than traditional chemical cross-linking methods. In order to optimize the properties of injectable hydrogels and expand their applications, an enzyme-catalyzed cross-linked injectable hydrogel was designed. The tyramine-modified gelatin (G-T) was formed into a stable injectable hydrogel by the combination of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) catalysis. 1H NMR spectroscopy was used to demonstrate the successful modification of gelatin by tyramine

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7

Feng, Junyan, Peng Cao, Tao Yang, Hezheng Ao, and Bo Xing. "Fabrication of Microgel-Modified Hydrogel Flexible Strain Sensors Using Electrohydrodynamic Direct Printing Method." Sensors 24, no. 10 (2024): 3038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24103038.

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Hydrogel flexible strain sensors, renowned for their high stretchability, flexibility, and wearable comfort, have been employed in various applications in the field of human motion monitoring. However, the predominant method for fabricating hydrogels is the template method, which is particularly inefficient and costly for hydrogels with complex structural requirements, thereby limiting the development of flexible hydrogel electronic devices. Herein, we propose a novel method that involves using microgels to modify a hydrogel solution, printing the hydrogel ink using an electrohydrodynamic prin

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8

Zhu, Wantong. "One-step soaking strategy toward mechanical double-network hydrogel." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 116 (November 7, 2024): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/4hreyy45.

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Double-network (DN) hydrogels, which comprise noncovalent interacting networks, are highly sought after due to their controlled compositions and environmental friendliness. However, the complex preparation methods hinder the application of these hydrogels. In this study, we present a simple and feasible approach for fabricating hybrid PAA-CS DN hydrogels by post-treating the PAA-CS composite hydrogels with CuSO4 solutions to induce the formation of physical networks through CS chain entanglement. The composite hydrogel, composed of chitosan (CS) and polyacrylic acid (PAA), readily transforms i

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9

Jiang, Hai Ling. "Network Structure and Water Absorption of Soil Moisture Gel by Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Simulations." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 63 (March 30, 2023): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-r8o1xc.

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With the wide application of hydrogel materials in agriculture, forestry, flexible electronics, electronic information engineering, environmental detection, flexible electronics, information science, technology and so on, the development of various new functional hydrogel materials has gradually become one of the research hotspots. At present, the research on hydrogel materials is mainly focused on the preparation of various functional hydrogels by experimental methods, there is no fundamental understanding of the relationship between the “stimulus-response” and its inner microstructures. In t

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10

Sirousazar, M., M. Kokabi, A. R. Bahramian, and Z. M. Hassan. "PVA/Kaolinite Nanocomposite Hydrogels: Preparation Method and Characterization." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 3854–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.3854.

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In this work, nanocomposite hydrogels on the basis of Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and kaolinite nanoclay were prepared by the repeatedly freezing-thawing method. The structure and morphology of nanocomposite hydrogels were studied by the XRD, TEM and SEM techniques. The function of nanoclay in the nanocomposite hydrogels was investigated using the FTIR and DSC tests. It was found that the prepared nanocomposite hydrogels have the intercalated morphology with good dispersion of nanoclay layers in hydrogel matrix. DSC results showed some shifting in the glass transition temperature of PVA hydrogel i

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11

Ji, Feng, Pengbo Shang, Yingkai Lai, et al. "Fully Physically Crosslinked Conductive Hydrogel with Ultrastretchability, Transparency, and Self-Healing Properties for Strain Sensors." Materials 16, no. 19 (2023): 6491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16196491.

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Currently, conductive hydrogels have received great attention as flexible strain sensors. However, the preparation of such sensors with integrated stretchability, transparency, and self-healing properties into one gel through a simple method still remains a huge challenge. Here, a fully physically crosslinked double network hydrogel was developed based on poly(hydroxyethyl acrylamide) (PHEAA) and κ-carrageenan (Car). The driving forces for physical gelation were hydrogen bonds, ion bonding, and electrostatic interactions. The resultant PHEAA-Car hydrogel displayed stretchability (1145%) and op

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Zhao, Chenyu, Han Wang, Xue Sun, et al. "Non-Covalent Cross-Linking Hydrogel: A New Method for Visceral Hemostasis." Gels 10, no. 5 (2024): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels10050326.

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Excessive blood loss could lead to pathological conditions such as tissue necrosis, organ failure, and death. The limitations of recently developed hemostatic approaches, such as their low mechanical strength, inadequate wet tissue adhesion, and weak hemostatic activity, pose challenges for their application in controlling visceral bleeding. In this study, a novel hydrogel (CT) made of collagen and tannic acid (TA) was proposed. By altering the proportions between the two materials, the mechanical properties, adhesion, and coagulation ability were evaluated. Compared to commercial hydrogels, t

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13

Bibire, Tudor, Radu Dănilă, Cătălina Natalia Yilmaz, et al. "In Vitro Biological Evaluation of an Alginate-Based Hydrogel Loaded with Rifampicin for Wound Care." Pharmaceuticals 17, no. 7 (2024): 943. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph17070943.

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We report a biocompatible hydrogel dressing based on sodium alginate-grafted poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) prepared by encapsulation of Rifampicin as an antimicrobial drug and stabilizing the matrix through the repeated freeze–thawing method. The hydrogel structure and polymer-drug compatibility were confirmed by FTIR, and a series of hydrogen-bond-based interactions between alginate and Rifampicin were identified. A concentration of 0.69% Rifampicin was found in the polymeric matrix using HPLC analysis and spectrophotometric UV–Vis methods. The hydrogel’s morphology was evaluated by scanning elect

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14

Zitouni, Mohammed Amine, and Sofia Borsali Kara Slimane. "Preparation and Characterization of Hydrogels Based on Chitsoan/Polyvinyl Alcohol Blends." Advanced Materials Research 1105 (May 2015): 203–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1105.203.

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In this study, a series of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/chitosan (CS) hydrogels with different weight ratio of PVA to CS were prepared by freezing-thawing (F-T) method. The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of hydrogels were investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). FTIR demonstrated the presence of strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds between CS and PVA molecules. SEM images showed that the higher the chitosan, the greater the porous size of the hydrogel and DSC confirmed that crystallinity is highe

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15

Jamshidi, Maryam, and Cavus Falamaki. "Image analysis method for heterogeneity and porosity characterization of biomimetic hydrogels." F1000Research 9 (April 12, 2021): 1461. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.27372.2.

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This work presents an image processing procedure for characterization of porosity and heterogeneity of hydrogels network mainly based on the analysis of cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM) images and can be extended to any other type of microscopy images of hydrogel porous network. An algorithm consisting of different filtering, morphological transformation, and thresholding steps to denoise the image whilst emphasizing the edges of the hydrogel walls for extracting either the pores or hydrogel walls features is explained. Finally, the information of hydrogel porosity and heterog

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16

Yue, Shuai, Hui He, Bin Li, and Tao Hou. "Hydrogel as a Biomaterial for Bone Tissue Engineering: A Review." Nanomaterials 10, no. 8 (2020): 1511. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10081511.

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Severe bone damage from diseases, including extensive trauma, fractures, and bone tumors, cannot self-heal, while traditional surgical treatment may bring side effects such as infection, inflammation, and pain. As a new biomaterial with controllable mechanical properties and biocompatibility, hydrogel is widely used in bone tissue engineering (BTE) as a scaffold for growth factor transport and cell adhesion. In order to make hydrogel more suitable for the local treatment of bone diseases, hydrogel preparation methods should be combined with synthetic materials with excellent properties and adv

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17

Gan, Jing, Lirong Sun, Chenxia Guan, et al. "Preparation and Properties of Salecan–Soy Protein Isolate Composite Hydrogel Induced by Thermal Treatment and Transglutaminase." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 16 (2022): 9383. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23169383.

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Salecan (Sal) is a novel marine microbial polysaccharide. In the present research, Sal and soy protein isolate (SPI) were adopted to fabricate Sal–SPI composite hydrogel based on a stepwise process (thermal treatment and transglutaminase induction). The effect of Sal concentration on morphology, texture properties, and the microstructure of the hydrogel was evaluated. As Sal concentration varied from 0.4 to 0.6 wt%, hydrogel elasticity increased from 0.49 to 0.85 mm. Furthermore, the internal network structure of Sal–SPI composite hydrogel also became denser and more uniform as Sal concentrati

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18

Peng, Yi-Yang, Qiuli Cheng, Meng Wu, et al. "Highly Stretchable, Self-Healing, Injectable and pH Responsive Hydrogel from Multiple Hydrogen Bonding and Boron-Carbohydrate Interactions." Gels 9, no. 9 (2023): 709. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9090709.

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A simple and cost-effective method for the fabrication of a safe, dual-responsive, highly stretchable, self-healing and injectable hydrogel is reported based on a combination of dynamic boronate ester bonds and hydrogen bonding interactions. The mechanical properties of the hydrogel are tunable by adjusting the molar ratios between sugar moieties on the polymer and borax. It was remarkable to note that the 2:1 ratio of sugar and borate ion significantly improves the mechanical strength of the hydrogel. The injectability, self-healing and stretchability properties of the hydrogel were also exam

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19

Li, Chi-Ping, Mao-Chi Weng, and Shu-Ling Huang. "Preparation and Characterization of pH Sensitive Chitosan/3-Glycidyloxypropyl Trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) Hydrogels by Sol-Gel Method." Polymers 12, no. 6 (2020): 1326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12061326.

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pH responsive chitosan and 3-Glycidyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) hydrogels were synthesized by the sol-gel crosslinking reaction. GPTMS was introduced to influence several behaviors of the chitosan hydrogels, such as the swelling ratio, mechanical properties, swelling thermodynamics, kinetics, and expansion mechanism. The functional groups of Chitosan/GPTMS hybrid hydrogels were verified by FT-IR spectrometer. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to analyzed the thermal behavior of water molecules, the expansion of thermodynamics, an

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20

Li, Wei, Yang Ming, Libing Yang, et al. "Conductive Hydrogel Motion Sensor with Low-Temperature Stability for Winter Sports and Sensing Rescue." Polymers 17, no. 10 (2025): 1365. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17101365.

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Hydrogels with conductive properties hold significant promise in the realm of flexible electronics, owing to their pliability, outstanding conductivity, and diverse functionalities. Nevertheless, the majority of conductive hydrogels are prone to being brittle and easily damaged; as such, they are not adapt to cold environments, which seriously hinders their practical applications. Therefore, hydrogels that possess both conductivity and anti-freezing, as well as moisturizing, capabilities have garnered considerable interest, and these hydrogels can work stably in harsh environments. Phytic acid

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21

Wang, Yangyang, and Yansong Wang. "A Composited Povidone-Iodine Silk Fibroin Hydrogel for Wound Infection." Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering 9, no. 6 (2019): 719–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbt.2019.2055.

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Wound infections have historically been an important global health concern which seriously affects human life and health. Reducing the number of bacteria at the site of the wound is essential to prevent wound infection and promote wound healing. Povidone-iodine (PVP-I) is widely used as an antiseptic providing useful properties for local anti-infective treatment in skin, mucous membranes, and wounds. In this study, we synthesized a new PVP-I/silk fibroin (SF) hydrogel through a simple preparation method, and to study the physicochemical properties, antibacterial properties and biocompatibility

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22

Jamshidi, Maryam, and Cavus Falamaki. "Image analysis method for heterogeneity and porosity characterization of biomimetic hydrogels." F1000Research 9 (December 15, 2020): 1461. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.27372.1.

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This work presents an image processing procedure for characterization of porosity and heterogeneity of fully hydrated hydrogels based on the analysis of cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM) images. An algorithm consisting of different filtering, morphological transformation, and thresholding steps to denoise the image whilst emphasizing the hydrogel fibres edges for extracting the pores features is explained. Finally, the information of hydrogel porosity and heterogeneity is presented in form of pore size distribution, spatial contours maps and kernel density dot plots. The obtain

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23

Hidaka, Mitsuyuki, Masaru Kojima, Shinji Sakai, and Cédric Delattre. "Characterization of Chitosan Hydrogels Obtained through Phenol and Tripolyphosphate Anionic Crosslinking." Polymers 16, no. 9 (2024): 1274. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16091274.

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Chitosan is a deacetylated polymer of chitin that is extracted mainly from the exoskeleton of crustaceans and is the second-most abundant polymer in nature. Chitosan hydrogels are preferred for a variety of applications in bio-related fields due to their functional properties, such as antimicrobial activity and wound healing effects; however, the existing hydrogelation methods require toxic reagents and exhibit slow gelation times, which limit their application in biological fields. Therefore, a mild and rapid gelation method is necessary. We previously demonstrated that the visible light-indu

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24

Zheng, Shoujing, and Zishun Liu. "The Machine Learning Embedded Method of Parameters Determination in the Constitutive Models and Potential Applications for Hydrogels." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 13, no. 01 (2021): 2150001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1758825121500010.

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We propose a machine learning embedded method of parameters determination in the constitutional models of hydrogels. It is found that the developed logistic regression-like algorithm for hydrogel swelling allows us to determine the fitting parameters based on known swelling ratio and chemical potential. We also put forward the neural networks-like algorithm, which, by its own property, can converge faster as the layer deepens. We then develop neural networks-like algorithm for hydrogel under uniaxial load for experimental application purpose. Finally, we propose several machine learning embedd

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Peng, Rui, Huilong Yu, Chungui Du, et al. "Preparation of uniformly dispersed N-isopropylacryl-amide/acrylic acid/nanosilver composite hydrogel and its anti-mold properties." BioResources 16, no. 1 (2020): 441–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.1.441-454.

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To overcome the agglomeration tendency of nanosilver composite hydrogels and to improve their anti-mold properties, a method of preparing N-isopropylacrylamide/acrylic acid/nanosilver composite hydrogel was developed using the free radical polymerization method. The composite hydrogel was characterized via infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in order to explore the effects of the acrylic acid content on particle size and dispersion properties of the composite hydrogels. The elemental composition, microstructure

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26

Zhao, Zunhui, Jiahao Liu, Jun Lv, Bo Liu, Na Li, and Hangyu Zhang. "Facile One-Pot Preparation of Polypyrrole-Incorporated Conductive Hydrogels for Human Motion Sensing." Sensors 24, no. 17 (2024): 5814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24175814.

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Conductive hydrogels have been widely used in soft robotics, as well as skin-attached and implantable bioelectronic devices. Among the candidates of conductive fillers, conductive polymers have become popular due to their intrinsic conductivity, high biocompatibility, and mechanical flexibility. However, it is still a challenge to construct conductive polymer-incorporated hydrogels with a good performance using a facile method. Herein, we present a simple method for the one-pot preparation of conductive polymer-incorporated hydrogels involving rapid photocuring of the hydrogel template followe

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27

Rahmi Luthfianti, Halida, William Xaveriano Waresindo, Marathur Rodhiyah, et al. "Investigating the Physical Characteristics of Starch/Gelatin Hydrogels using Freezing-Thawing Method." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2973, no. 1 (2025): 012015. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2973/1/012015.

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Abstract Three-dimensional polymer networks with water absorption, insolubility, elasticity, and biocompatibility—hydrogels—showcase applied in hydrogel synthesis, the freezing-thawing is a hydrogel synthesis method able to generate stable structures and non toxicity materials. Starch is a biopolymer non toxic that addresses environmental contamination compared to synthetic polymers. This study is a starch-based hydrogel with gelatin variations (SGE), each designated SGE1, SGE2, SGE3, SGE4, and SGE5. The cross-linking and porous structure of was suggested by morphological investigations. The h

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Vera Nanda, E., Y. Yusmaniar, R. Juniar, and Y. Pratiwi. "Utilizing Nata de Pina for Hydrogel Synthesis: Effects of Citric Acid on Hydrogel Characteristics." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2866, no. 1 (2024): 012058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2866/1/012058.

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Abstract The increasing production of pineapples will produce waste that’s increasing anyway. To optimize the utilization of pineapple skin waste One solution is to use the pineapple skin waste To be used as the main material for making nata de pina. Nata de pina is fiber cellulose on the surface of pineapple medium from the results of Acetobacter xylinum bacterial metabolism. The resulting cellulose is then used as a basic material manufacture of natural polimer as hydrogel. The research stage consists of 3 stages, namely making Nata de Pina, the manufacture of hydrogels as well as the charac

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Wen, Jie, Xiaopeng Zhang, Mingwang Pan, Jinfeng Yuan, Zhanyu Jia, and Lei Zhu. "A Robust, Tough and Multifunctional Polyurethane/Tannic Acid Hydrogel Fabricated by Physical-Chemical Dual Crosslinking." Polymers 12, no. 1 (2020): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12010239.

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Commonly synthetic polyethylene glycol polyurethane (PEG–PU) hydrogels possess poor mechanical properties, such as robustness and toughness, which limits their load-bearing application. Hence, it remains a challenge to prepare PEG–PU hydrogels with excellent mechanical properties. Herein, a novel double-crosslinked (DC) PEG–PU hydrogel was fabricated by combining chemical with physical crosslinking, where trimethylolpropane (TMP) was used as the first chemical crosslinker and polyphenol compound tannic acid (TA) was introduced into the single crosslinked PU network by simple immersion process.

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Wei, Qinghua, Yingfeng Zhang, Yanen Wang, et al. "Study of the effects of water content and temperature on polyacrylamide/polyvinyl alcohol interpenetrating network hydrogel performance by a molecular dynamics method." e-Polymers 15, no. 5 (2015): 301–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2015-0087.

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AbstractAn investigation of the molecular interaction within a hydrogel system was conducted using molecular dynamics simulation, and the interaction mechanism of a polyacrylamide/polyvinyl alcohol (PAM/PVA) hydrogel system was examined specifically at the molecular level. Several characteristics of the PAM/PVA composite hydrogel system that are largely dependent on water content and temperature were studied in this paper, such as cohesive energy density, binding energy, mechanical properties and pair correlation function. The cohesive energy density and binding energy of the hydrogel system i

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Folh, Jordyn, Phan Linh Dan Tran, and Renita E. Horton. "Characterizing the Impact of Fabrication Methods on Mechanically Tunable Gelatin Hydrogels for Cardiac Fibrosis Studies." Bioengineering 12, no. 7 (2025): 759. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12070759.

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The mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix critically influence cell behavior in both physiological and pathophysiological states, including cardiac fibrosis. In vitro models have played a critical role in assessing biological mechanisms. In this study, we characterized mechanically tunable enzymatically crosslinked gelatin-microbial transglutaminase (mTG) hydrogels for modeling cardiovascular diseases. Gelatin hydrogels were fabricated via direct mixing or immersion crosslinking methods. Hydrogel formulations were assessed using the Piuma nanoindenter and Instron systems. This stud

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Md Raffe, Siti Noor Atiyah, Roziana Mohamed Hanaphi, and Rizana Yusof. "Enhanced Biodegradability of Pectin-Chitosan Eutectogels Synthesized with Deep Eutectic Solvents." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 127, no. 2 (2025): 62–76. https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.127.2.6276.

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Natural-based hydrogels are popular due to their biodegradation ability compared to synthetic-based hydrogels which are more environmentally sustainable. However, natural-based hydrogels exhibit slow degradation and may require an enhancer to accelerate the degradation process. In this study, deep eutectic solvent (DES) has been added as an enhancer to increase the process of biodegradation in pectin-chitosan hydrogels. The study has investigated the biodegradability of this new hydrogel after being modified with three different hydrogen bond donors (HBD) in DESs by measuring weight loss throu

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Li, Yongzhi, Jiangshan Liu, Jiawei Wei, et al. "Porous Hydrogels Prepared by Two-Step Gelation Method for Bone Regeneration." Journal of Functional Biomaterials 16, no. 3 (2025): 100. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb16030100.

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Hierarchical porous hydrogels possess advantageous characteristics that facilitate cell adhesion, promote tissue growth, and enhance angiogenesis and osteogenesis. In this study, porous composite hydrogels were successfully prepared by a two-step gelation method with sodium alginate (SA), gelatin (GEL), and calcium hydrogen phosphate (DCP) as the main components. The fabricated porous hydrogels initially featured small pores (approximately 60 μm), and gradually evolved to large pores (exceeding 250 μm) during the gradual degradation in the cellular microenvironment. In vitro cell culture exper

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Abd El-Hady, M. M., and S. El-Sayed Saeed. "Antibacterial Properties and pH Sensitive Swelling of Insitu Formed Silver-Curcumin Nanocomposite Based Chitosan Hydrogel." Polymers 12, no. 11 (2020): 2451. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112451.

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A simple method was used to prepare curcumin/silver nanocomposite based chitosan hydrogel. In an alkaline medium, chitosan and chitosan nanocomposite hydrogels were prepared using the physical crosslinking method. The prepared hydrogels were stable for a long period at room temperature. In one step, silver nanoparticles were prepared insitu using silver nitrate solution and curcumin oxide within the hydrogel network formation. In the meantime, curcumin compound served as both a reducing and stabilizing agent. The structure and surface morphology of nanocomposite hydrogels were characterized by

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Yuan, Wenfeng, Jia Yang, Mengmeng Yuan, et al. "Facile Preparation of MXene/Poly(vinyl alcohol)/N-(2-Hydroxyethyl Acrylamide) Hydrogels with High Tensile Strength for Strain Sensors." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 16, no. 11 (2021): 1834–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2021.3137.

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In this paper, a novel conductive hydrogel was made by a one-pot method at 60 °C for 12 hours in one step without any cross-linking agent. The hydrogel was composited of Ti3C2 MXene nano slices, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly-N-(2-hydroxyethyl acrylamide) (PHEAA), named as MXene/PVA/PHEAA hydrogel. Compared with previous methods to make MXene hydrogel, this one-pot method was facile and fast. The as-prepared hydrogel was highly stretchable with the breaking elongation of 1300% and tensile strength of 1.1 MPa. MXene nano sheets dispersed in the hydrogel formed a three-dimensional conductive

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Nandini, Sahu, Gupta Diksha, and Nautiyal Ujjwal. "Hydrogel: Preparation, Characterization and Applications." Asian Pacific Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences 3, no. 1 (2020): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3832016.

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This review article is intended to provide an overview of hydrogel as novel vesicular drug delivery system.For the treatment of many diseases large molecular weight proteins are required. These can be available with the availability of Hydrogels. Hydrogels are hydrophilic, three-dimensional networks, which are able to imbibe large amounts of water or biological fluids, and thus resemble, to a large extent, a biological tissue. They are insoluble due to the presence of chemical (tie-points, junctions) and/or physical crosslinks such as entanglements and crystallites. It has focused on to presen

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Jiang, Weihui, Peiyao Shen, and Ju Gu. "Nanocrystalline cellulose prepared by double oxidation as reinforcement in polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels." Journal of Polymer Engineering 40, no. 1 (2019): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2019-0258.

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Abstract As a biopolymer with high mechanical strength, nanocellulose was increasingly studied to improve polymer properties. In this study, nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was efficiently isolated from eucalyptus pulp by double oxidation (ammonium persulfate oxidation and ultrasonic oxidation). The total yield of NCC (405.1 ± 180.5 nm long and 31.7 ± 9.5 nm wide) was 38.3%. A novel hybrid hydrogel was produced from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and NCC using the freeze-thaw technique. In this hybrid architecture, hydrogen bonds were formed between PVA and NCC. With the increasing proportion of NCC,

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Chai, Weihong, Rongbin Yang, Jiayi Zhou, and Qinghua Wei. "Performance Comparison of PVA/SA Composite Hydrogels for 3D Printing of Cartilage Scaffolds with Different Compositions." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2437, no. 1 (2023): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2437/1/012042.

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Abstract Physical blend is the method always used to modify the properties of composite hydrogels for 3D printing in tissue engineering. In this paper, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blending with sodium alginate (SA) was applied to enhance the mechanical properties of SA. The PVA/SA blending hydrogels with different components (5:5, 4:6, 3:7, 2:8, 1:9, and 0:10) were prepared through cross-linking method, and their properties were studied from microstructure, mechanical property, hydrophilicity, and printability, so the optimal composition ratio of the composite hydrogel can be selected for 3D print

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Xiang, Changxin, Xinyan Zhang, Jianan Zhang, et al. "A Porous Hydrogel with High Mechanical Strength and Biocompatibility for Bone Tissue Engineering." Journal of Functional Biomaterials 13, no. 3 (2022): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb13030140.

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Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels are considered to be ideal materials for tissue engineering due to their high water content, low frictional behavior, and good biocompatibility. However, their limited mechanical properties restrict them from being applied when repairing load-bearing tissue. Inspired by the composition of mussels, we fabricated polyvinyl alcohol/hydroxyapatite/tannic acid (PVA/HA/TA) hydrogels through a facile freeze–thawing method. The resulting composite hydrogels exhibited high moisture content, porous structures, and good mechanical properties. The compressive strength and

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Otake, Hiroko, Fumihiko Ogata, Yosuke Nakazawa, et al. "Pharmacological Behavior of Propylene Glycol/Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogel Incorporating Indomethacin Nanocrystals in the Skin." Gels 11, no. 4 (2025): 251. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11040251.

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Background: We previously reported that carbopol hydrogels incorporating indomethacin nanoparticles (IMC NPs) improved the low permeability and bioavailability of skin formulations in transdermal drug delivery systems. However, the combination of NPs with other types of hydrogels has not been sufficiently explored to date. Therefore, this study investigated propylene glycol (PG)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel as an alternative base to carbopol hydrogel for incorporating IMC NPs. Methods: IMC NPs were prepared using bead milling treatment, and these NPs were incorporated into PG/PVA hydrogel

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Zhang, Shu Di, Yu Chun Zhai, and Zhen Fang Zhang. "Preparation and Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)/Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP) Hydrogel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 84-85 (August 2011): 485–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.84-85.485.

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Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) hydrogel has been fabricated using freezing-thawing method. The tensile strengthen and swelling properties were tested. The results show that hydrogels mechanical properties are better, reach to about 0.7 MPa, 15% PVA/10% PVP hydrogel is the best, up to 0.82MPa; swelling properties are better, The loss water rate and swelling percentage of hydro gel have similar change trend in the room temperature; When the swelling equilibrium, 10% PVA hydrogel loss water rate is very rapid, the swelling percentage of 15% PVA hydrogel is relatively rapid; T

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Wang, Jilong, Junhua Wei, and Jingjing Qiu. "Facile Synthesis of Tough Double Network Hydrogel." MRS Advances 1, no. 27 (2016): 1953–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2016.127.

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ABSTRACTIn this paper, a facile and novel method was developed to fabricate high toughness and stiffness double network hydrogels made of ionical-linked natural hydrogel and synthetic hydrogel. The synthetic hydrogel network is formed firstly, and then the gel is soaked in the ionic solution to build second network to form double network hydrogel with high toughness and stiffness. Two different natural polymers, alginate and chitosan, are employed to build rigid and brittle network and poly(acrylamide) is used as soft network in double network hydrogel. The compressive strength of Calcium algi

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Pelin, Irina Mihaela, Mihaela Silion, Irina Popescu, Cristina Mihaela Rîmbu, Gheorghe Fundueanu, and Marieta Constantin. "Pullulan/Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogels Loaded with Calendula officinalis Extract: Design and In Vitro Evaluation for Wound Healing Applications." Pharmaceutics 15, no. 6 (2023): 1674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15061674.

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The therapeutic efficiency of plant extracts has been limited by their poor pharmaceutical availability. Hydrogels have promising potential to be applied as wound dressings due to their high capacity to absorb exudates and their enhanced performance in loading and releasing plant extracts. In this work, pullulan/poly (vinyl alcohol) (P/PVA) hydrogels were first prepared using an eco-friendly method based on both a covalent and physical cross-linking approach. Then, the hydrogels were loaded with the hydroalcoholic extract of Calendula officinalis by a simple post-loading immersion method. Diff

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Khalifah, Tur Ridha Noer, Hasnah Natsir, Siti Fauziah, and Indah Raya. "Synthesis and Characterization of Hydrogels Derived from Cellulose of Water Hyacinth (<i>Eichornia crassipes</i>) and Chitosan Using the Freeze-Thaw Method." Materials Science Forum 1061 (May 26, 2022): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-w4p187.

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This study aims to determine the absorption and ability of hydrogels to hold water. The hydrogel was synthesized using the freeze-thaw method, then the absorption ability and water retention time in the hydrogel were tested and characterized by FTIR and trinocular stereo microscope. The FTIR results showed that the resulting hydrogel had N–H, O–H, aliphatic C–H, bend N–H, C–O, and C–N functional groups. The highest absorption of the hydrogel with a ratio of cellulose:chitosan:EDTA variations of 2:2.25:0.25 (g) respectively, which was 287.46% and the appearance of the hydrogel under a microscop

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Priya, Arumugasamy Sathiya, Rajaraman Premanand, Indhumathi Ragupathi, et al. "Comprehensive Review of Hydrogel Synthesis, Characterization, and Emerging Applications." Journal of Composites Science 8, no. 11 (2024): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs8110457.

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Hydrogels play a crucial role due to their high-water content and 3D structure, which make them ideal for various applications in biomedicine, sensing, and beyond. They can be prepared from a variety of biomaterials, polymers, and their combinations, allowing for versatility in properties and applications. Hydrogels include natural types derived from collagen, gelatin, alginate, and hyaluronic acid, as well as synthetic types based on polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and polyacrylamide (PAAm). Each type possesses distinct properties, such as mechanical strength, biodegradabi

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Gherman, Timea, Violeta Popescu, Rahela Carpa, et al. "Potential Use of Galium verum Essential Oil for Antibacterial Properties in Gelatin Based Hydrogels Prepared by Microwave Irradiation Technique." Revista de Chimie 69, no. 3 (2018): 575–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.3.6152.

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Galium verum essential oil (EO) loaded gelatin hydrogel was prepared by microwave-assisted polymerization method. FT-IR analysis indicated no chemical interaction between the hydrogel matrix and EO. Good swelling behavior, increased thermo- and mechanical- properties was attributed to the synergistic effects of the secondary structure of gelatin after gelation and intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions between the hydrogel matrix and EO ingredient�s. Antibacterial activity was investigated by the agar diffusion method.

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Drozdova, Maria, Marina Vodyakova, Tatiana Tolstova, et al. "Composite Hydrogels Based on Cross-Linked Chitosan and Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid for Tissue Engineering." Polymers 15, no. 10 (2023): 2371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15102371.

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The objectives of the study were as follows: (1) to develop two methods for the preparation of macroporous composite chitosan/hyaluronic acid (Ch/HA) hydrogels based on covalently cross-linked Ch and low molecular weight (Mw) HA (5 and 30 kDa); (2) to investigate some properties (swelling and in vitro degradation) and structures of the hydrogels; (3) to evaluate the hydrogels in vitro as potential biodegradable matrices for tissue engineering. Chitosan was cross-linked with either genipin (Gen) or glutaraldehyde (GA). Method 1 allowed the distribution of HA macromolecules within the hydrogel (

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Mounayer, Natalie, Sivan Shoshani, Elena Afrimzon, et al. "Encapsulation of Hydrogen Peroxide in PVA/PVP Hydrogels for Medical Applications." Gels 11, no. 1 (2025): 31. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11010031.

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Researchers have been investigating the physical and morphological properties of biodegradable polymer and copolymer films, blending them with other chemicals to solve challenges in medical, industrial, and eco-environmental fields. The present study introduces a novel, straightforward method for preparing biodegradable hydrogels based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) for medical applications. The resulting PVA/PVP-based hydrogel uniquely combines the water absorbency, biocompatibility, and biodegradability of the polymer composite. For hygiene products and medical us

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Liu, Yin, Hongwu Zhang, Jianhua Wang, and Yonggang Zheng. "Anisotropic Swelling in Fiber-Reinforced Hydrogels: An Incremental Finite Element Method and Its Applications in Design of Bilayer Structures." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 08, no. 07 (2016): 1640003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1758825116400032.

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In this paper, we present a theoretical and finite element framework for the inhomogeneous swelling of fiber-reinforced anisotropic hydrogels and investigate the effects of their orientations and moduli on the swelling behaviors of hydrogel bilayers. The effects of fibers on swelling are incorporated into the constitutive equations by introducing the corresponding energy contribution, expressed as the invariants related to the deformation of fibers, into the Flory–Rehner model. Unified constitutive equations and corresponding tangent moduli for anisotropic hydrogels reinforced with two familie

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Guancha-Chalapud, Marcelo A., Liliana Serna-Cock, and Diego F. Tirado. "Aloe vera Rind Valorization to Improve the Swelling Capacity of Commercial Acrylic Hydrogels." Fibers 10, no. 9 (2022): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib10090073.

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Acrylic hydrogels have been used in agriculture to increase the availability of water in the soil; cause faster plant growth and increase plant survival to water stress; allow controlled release of fertilizers; and, therefore, increase crop yields. On the other hand, Aloe vera gel production generates a large amount of solid waste as cuticles, which is currently underutilized despite that it is a good source of cellulose nanofibers that could be used to improve the swelling capacity of commercial acrylic hydrogels. In this work, both morphology (SEM) and particle size (TEM) of the cellulose na

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