Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Hydrogène interstellaire'
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Nehmé, Cyrine Abdo. "Observations multi-longueur d'onde et modélisation des nuages interstellaires du complexe du Caméléon." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA077192.
Full textThis thesis is based on multi-wavelength observations of the interstellar matter towards the Chamaeleon molecular clouds complex and modeling of the physical and chemical interaction of interstellar matter with radiation using a Photon Dom-inated Region (PDR) rnodel. FUSE absorption spectra analysis provides molecular hydrogen formation rate. A panel of high resolution UV spectra from STIS/HST and emission spectra of CO and HI helps clarifying the structure of the observed clouds towards HD102065 and deterrnining column densities, abondances and excitation of most relevant species in each physical component
Gavilan, Lisseth. "The formation of molecular hydrogen on interstellar silicatesé : from experiments to observations." Observatoire de Paris, 2013. https://hal.science/tel-02095146.
Full textThe goal of this thesis is to understand the formation of molecular hydrogen in the interstellar medium (ISM) via laboratory experiments and astronomical observations. The experiments are performed with FORMOLISM, an ultra-high vacuum setup to study the formation of molecules in the ISM. We are interested in the energy disposal during the exhothermic recombination of two H atoms on a cryogenically cooled surface (< 10 K). Resonance Enhanced Multi-Photon Ionization ( REMPI 2 + 1) spectroscopy is used to probe the population of rovibrational levels in the ground electronic state of molecular hydrogen after formation. We have tested different surfaces of astrophysical relevance : amorphous and crystalline silicates, porous amorphous solid water, and a bare silicate pre-dosed with hydrogen molecules. We have confirmed the formation enhancement of molecular hydrogen on a surface pre-dosed with molecules and quantified D₂formation as a non-thermal desorption mechanism. We have also measured the ortho-to-para ratio of newly formed molecular hydrogen on p-ASW, finding that it corresponds to the value expected at statistical equilibrium at high temperature. Silicate analog surfaces (forsterite and fayalite) have been fabricated to test the influence of their morphology and chemical composition on hydrogen formation. We have found that newly formed molecular hydrogen leaves rotationally cooler (with respect to the molecular beam rotational temperature) from crystalline surfaces, and that it is unaffected when it scatters from amorphous surfaces. We have also detected nuclear spin conversion of molecular hydrogen absorbed on bare silicates. Observational predictions from these experiments are tested using long slit near infrared spectroscopy available at the VLT and Keck telescopes. Planetary nebulae with H₂ and X-ray emission were chosen as ideal targets. H₂transitions have been detected throughout our targets. The intensity distribution of these transitions will be compared to models of formation pumping spectra. In addition, part of this thesis addresses the VUV high-resolution spectroscopy of CO and its isotopologues, using the Fourier Transform Spectrometer at the SOLEIL synchroton. This complements the work on hydrogen in the wider context of the astrochemistry of small molecules
Matar, Elie. "Interaction of atomic and molecular hydrogen on amorphous water ice surfaces mimicking interstellar dust." Cergy-Pontoise, 2009. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/09CERG0431.pdf.
Full textAmong the different structures of the universe exists what we call the interstellar medium (ISM). It is a place where gas and dust coexist and interact in perfect harmony. In this medium, molecular hydrogen is the most abundant gaseous species and by far the most important one. It is the principal constituent of three of four molecules essential to the existence of life: water, methane, amine and carbon monoxide. The physico-chemistry of the ISM that leads to the formation of new molecules is divided in two: the gas-phase reactions and the gas-dust reactions. The second one being the most efficient route of molecular hydrogen in space. This thesis work is an experimental contribution to study the interaction and the formation of molecular hydrogen on the surface of amorphous water ice surfaces covering dust grains in dark clouds. For this, by uniting ultra-high vacuum techniques, cryogenic systems, atomic and molecular beams, mass spectroscopy and modelling, several experiments have been conducted by using the FOMOLISM experimental set-up (FORmation of MOLecules in the InterStellar Medium)
Guillard, Pierre. "H2 magie : H2 as a major agent to galaxy interaction and evolution." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112366.
Full textMy main thesis work is to understand the origin of molecular Hydrogen (H2) emission in active phases of galaxy evolution. Spitzer space telescope observations reveal a new class of H2 -luminous galaxies with enhanced H2 line emission but where star formation is strongly suppressed. This is in sharp contrast with what is observed in standard star forming galaxies. The Stephan's Quintet (SQ) galaxy collision is a striking example I initially focus on. We present a scenario and a detailed model to account for the presence of H2 in the SQ giant shock, to characterize its physical state, and to describe its role as a cooling agent of a violent phase of galaxy interactions. In this scenario, the dissipation of the mechanical energy of the collision produces a multiphase medium where molecular gas fragments coexist with a hot (∼ 5 × 10^6 K), X-ray emitting plasma. Our model quantifies the gas cooling, dust destruction, H2 formation and emission in the postshock multiphase gas. The dynamical interaction between the ISM phases drives a cycle where H2 is formed out of atomic gas that cools, and is excited repeatedly before being destroyed. A cascade of energy is associated with this cycle, in which the mechanical energy powers supersonic turbulence within the molecular gas. The H2 emission is associated with the dissipation of this turbulent energy. New results of mid-infrared and radio observations in the SQ shock are presented. These observations reveal that dust and CO emission gas is associated with the warm H2 seen by Spitzer, and that this gas is in an unusual physical state where star formation is suppressed
Saury, Eléonore. "Turbulence et instabilité thermique du milieu interstellaire atomique neutre : une approche numérique." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00784196.
Full textValdivia, Valeska. "Impact of radiative transfer and chemistry on the formation of molecular clouds." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066709/document.
Full textThe interstellar medium (ISM) is a highly complex system. It corresponds to an intermediate scale between stars and galaxies. The interstellar gas is present throughout the galaxy, filling the volume between stars. A wide variety of coupled processes, such as gravity, magnetic fields, turbulence and chemistry, participate in its evolution, making the modeling of the ISM a challenging problem. A correct description of the ISM requires a good treatment of the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations, gravity, thermal balance, and chemical evolution within the molecular clouds.This thesis work aims at a better understanding of the formation and evolution of molecular clouds, specially how they become "molecular", paying particular attention to the transition HI-to-H2. We have performed ideal MHD simulations of the formation of molecular clouds and the formation of molecular hydrogen under the influence of gravity and turbulence, using accurate estimates for the shielding effects from dust and the self-shielding for H2, calculated with a Tree-based method, able to provide fast estimates of column densities.We find that H2 is formed faster than predicted by the usual estimates due to local density enhancements created by the gas turbulent motions. Molecular hydrogen, formed at higher densities, could then migrate toward low density warmer regions.Total H2 column densities show that the HI-to-H2 transition occurs at total column densities of a few 10^20 cm−2. We have calculated the populations of rotational levels of H2 at thermal equilibrium, and integrated along several lines of sight. These two results reproduce quite well the values observed by Copernicus and FUSE, suggesting that the observed transition and the excited populations could arise as a consequence of the multi-phase structure of molecular clouds. As H2 formation is prior to further molecule formation, warm H2 could possibly allow the development of a warm chemistry, and eventually explain some aspects of the molecular richness observed in the ISM
Bachellerie, Damien. "Formation d'hydrogène moléculaire sur des grains carbonés du milieu interstellaire : rôle de la surface, de sa relaxation, de sa morphologie." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00368417.
Full textRatajczak, Alexandre. "Echanges hydrogène/deutérium dans les glaces interstellaires : une origine de la deutération sélective." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00767169.
Full textNoterdaeme, Pasquier. "Systèmes Lorentziens Lyman-α à grand décalage spectral : étude de l'hydrogène moléculaire." Paris 6, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00414784.
Full textMaillard, Vincent. "Modèle des fronts de photoevaporation dans les régions de formation d'étoiles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPSLO003.
Full textThe conditions of formation of stars is a fundamental question of astrophysics. The star formation rate (SFR) is linked to the mass of molecular gas by the Schmidt-Kennicutt relation. However, a star applies some feedbacks on its parent cloud in the form of winds, jets and radiation. They sweep their environment, destroying other star formation sites, but can also compress and destabilize them, triggering the formation of new stars. My thesis focused on the radiative feedback, which is vastly dominated by the one of massive stars. It creates an expanding region where the gas is ionized close to the star, followed by a region where the chemistry is dominated by photons capable of dissociating molecular hydrogen (photodissociation region, or PDR) which includes a layer of atomic hydrogen, which is too hot to form stars. Its width informs us about the fraction of gaz unable to form stars. Numerous models describe the physics and chemistry of PDRs by looking for a stationary state, and neglecting the gas dynamics. However, new observations made by Hershel in excited CO, and by the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) in CH+ and SH+ have changed the stationary vision of PDR structure by highlighting the role of the gas dynamics. The edge of clouds is found to be a high-pressure environment, which is strongly correlated to the impinging UV field intensity. The photo-evaporation mechanism is capable of reproducing those features: with the high-speed evaporation of hot ionized gas, the rocket effect makes a pressure wave propagate inside the cloud, explaining the high pressures observed. By the erosion of the cloud, the border withe the ionized medium, the ionization front (IF) advances into the neutral medium. PDR models have to be updated to take into account the propagation of the IF.We built a semi-analytical model of the transition between atomic and molecular gas (H/H2) including the advancing IF. We obtained that the width of the atomic region is reduced compared to static models. It can also disappear if the IF velocity exceeds a threshold value, leading to the merging of the IF and the H/H2 transition. We found analytical formulas to estimate this threshold as well as the total column density of atomic H. By comparing our theory to PDRs observations, we showed that the dynamical effects are strong, especially in the case of weakly illuminated PDRs such as the Horsehead.To prepare for the JWST observations of H2, we have implemented the computation of H2 levels in the Hydra code, which is a hydro-dynamic, time dependent code that models the physics and chemistry of photo-evaporating PDRs. The precedent study allowed to conclude that dynamical effects bring some H2 in a hotter and more illuminated region. The reduction of the IF-H/H2 distance reduces the intensity absorbed by dust, which is then converted to UV-pumping of H2 (amplification by a factor 6 for the Orion Bar, but not efficient in the Horsehead).In addition, we studied ALMA observations of the Horsehead with high spatial resolution. They show a great proximity between the IF and the CO line emission, usually present deep in the cloud. We find an upper limit of a few hundred astronomical units for the width of the atomic region. We find that isobaric, static and stationary Meudon PDR models reproduce the width of the atomic region within the limit found, and so does the dynamical models. These observations therefore do not allow us ton constrain dynamical effects.We performed a study on high spectral resolution observations of rotation-vibration lines of H2 made by the IGRINS spectrograph. We show that the line ratios do not constrain well the physical conditions, but that the population of the states of H2 are much influenced by relaxation rates induced by collisions, unlike the classical picture of a cascade mainly dominated by radiation after the UV pumping
Troscompt, Nicolas. "Excitation collisionnelle du formaldéhyde interstellaire : théorie et observations." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10213.
Full textMolecular hydrogen is the simplest and most abundant molecule in the Universe. Owing to the possible different nuclear spin alignments, it presents two forms, ortho- and para-H2. The ortho-to-para ratio of H2 is a fundamental parameter to understand the (inelastic and reactive) collisional processes in molecular astrophysical media. In this thesis, we focus on the determination of the ortho-to-para ratio of H2 in dark clouds, where H2 cannot be directly observed. To this aim, we use the formaldehyde molecule (H2CO) whose rotational excitation in these sources is dominated by H2 collisions. A peculiar transition has been selected in our study: the 6-cm transition (4. 8 GHz) of ortho-H2CO observed in absorption against the cosmic microwave background. Previous studies have shown that collisional effects can explain this (antimaser) absorption but the impact of the ortho- and para- form of H2 on this absorption has been so far ignored. We first present high-precision computations of the (de)excitation rates of (ortho-, para-) H2CO by (ortho-, para-)H2. Significant differences are observed between ortho- and para-H2 rates. We then use these collisional rates in radiative transfer calculations in order to model 6-cm observations carried out with the Green Bank Telescope towards 3 different dark clouds (B68, L134N and TMC-1). We show that the differences in para and ortho-H2 collisional rates have a significant impact on the modeling, allowing us to put interesting constraints on the ortho-to-para ratio of H2 in dark clouds. We consider in detail the example of B68, prototype of pre-stellar cores
Troscompt, Nicolas. "Excitation Collisionnelle du formaldéhyde interstellaire : Théorie et Observations." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00454581.
Full textSanglar, Stéphane. "Etude cinétique de réactions du phénol et du naphtalène d'intérêt en chimie de l'atmosphère et en chimie interstellaire." Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13476.
Full textGuillard, Pierre. "L'Hydrogène moléculaire dans l'évolution des galaxies." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00448403.
Full textCiurlo, Anna. "Physical and dynamical conditions of the molecular gas in the central parsec of the Galaxy." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. https://theses.hal.science/tel-01540979.
Full textIn the central parsec of the Galaxy the environment of the black hole (Sgr A*) presents a young star cluster and two different gas structures: the molecular Circumnuclear Disc (CND) and the ionized Minispiral. We have investigated the presence of neutral gas in the central cavity of the CND, where the ionized Minispiral lies, in order to describe H2 distribution and properties in this ionized environment. This study is carried out through a near-infrared spectro-imaging data cube of the central cavity observed with SPIN-1 on the VLT. These observations cover several 1-121ines. In order to preserve the spatial resolution and avoid edge effects we applied a new line fitting method, which consists in a regularized 3D-fit. We present high spatial and spectral resolution maps of the intensity, velocity and width of several H2 fines. The ratio of two H2 lines provides the extinction estimation and allows correcting the flux maps and observing the effect of the foreground and local extinction. Molecular gas is detected everywhere. We also applied a more classical spectroscopie model fitting to compare the relative strength of the 112 fines. This allows to trace the excitation diagrams and to estimate the temperature, mass and densities of the observed features. In correspondence of the CND the observed emission arises from a hot, thermalized, thin layer at the surface of the dense clouds. In the central region the emission is not thermalized and arises from the bulk of the Northern Arm cloud and from the diffuse medium inside the cavity. A strong deviation from thermal equilibrium is detected near the Minicavity and it might be due to H2 constantly formed and destroyed
Russeil, Delphine. "Etude multispectrale des régions d'hydrogène ionisé dans notre galaxie." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX11031.
Full textKhalil, André. "Analyse structurelle de l'hydrogène neutre dans la voie lactée." Thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2004/22165/22165.pdf.
Full textStars live and die by rejecting matter in the interstellar medium (ISM), where they were born. We have analyzed the neutral hydrogen component of the ISM. The data come from the Canadian portion of the International Galactic Plane Survey which aims the spectroscopic imaging of the neutral hydrogen from our Galaxy. We have used two mathematical image analysis tools: Metric Space Technique (MST) and the Wavelet Transform Modulus Maxima (WTMM) method. The MST is an image analysis mathematical formalism that allows one to quantitatively compare the complexity of the studied objects. We have improved the tool mathematically and technically before using it to characterize the complexity of 28 neutral hydrogen regions. After classifying the 28 objects, we have found some correlations between this ranking and the physical properties of the underlying objects, for example: (1) The complexity of the photodissociated neutral hydrogen regions increases with the flux of UV photons; and (2) the complexity of neutral hydrogen regions increases with the age of the supernovae remnants to which they are associated. The WTMM method is a multifractal formalism based on the wavelet transform. The results we obtain from this method concern the multifractal and anisotropic properties of neutral hydrogen in our Galaxy. Earth clouds exhibit multifractal properties. We have shown that the neutral hydrogen from our galactic disk is monofractal. By analyzing separately spiral arms and the inter-arm regions, we have discovered an anisotropic signature and that the horizontal structures and more complex than the vertical structures. This anisotropy is independent of scale for the inter-arms while it is depedent of scale for the spiral arms. The investigated hypotheses to obtain some physical explanations are: the scale-height gradient, the density wave, star formation activity, photo-levitation of dusty clouds, random motions of neutral hydrogen clouds, corrugation and turbulence.
Barriault, Léo. "Étude de la transition entre le gaz atomique et le gaz moléculaire dans deux cirrus de la boucle céleste nord." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27486/27486.pdf.
Full textNoterdaeme, Pasquier. "Systèmes Lorentziens Lyman-alpha à grand décalage spectral: Etude de l'hydrogène moléculaire." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00414784.
Full textDans cette thèse, j'étudie la présence d'hydrogène moléculaire dans le milieu interstellaire à grand décalage spectral en m'appuyant sur un échantillon unique de systèmes Lorentziens Lyman-alpha observés à grand rapport signal-à-bruit et haute résolution spectrale. Je présente des travaux dont l'objectif est de comprendre les propriétés et les conditions physiques du gaz neutre associé à ces systèmes (température, densité, composition chimique, fraction moléculaire, contenu en poussières, intensité du champ de radiation incident).
J'effectue en parallèle une recherche systématique et une étude statistique des systèmes Lorentziens afin de mesurer le contenu en gaz neutre de l'Univers, caractériser sa distribution et son évolution au cours du temps et contraindre ainsi la formation des galaxies.
Je montre enfin la possibilité de détecter et d'étudier d'autres molécules telles que l'hydrogène moléculaire deutéré et le monoxyde de carbone dans le milieu interstellaire à grand décalage spectral. Les outils d'analyse automatique de spectres développés dans cette thèse ont conduit à la première détection de CO dans un tel milieu, ouvrant la voie à l'astrochimie du milieu interstellaire dans l'Univers lointain.
Martin-Zaidi, Claire. "Etude dans l'ultraviolet lointain de la composante gazeuse de l'environnement circumstellaire des étoiles Ae/Be de Herbig -- L'hydorgène moléculaire." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011721.
Full textdonc d'estimer les quantités totales de gaz disponibles à chaque étape de l'évolution de la protoétoile vers la séquence principale. Dans ce contexte, j'ai mené une étude sur la composante gazeuse, et en particulier sur l'hydrogène moléculaire, dans l'environnement circumstellaire d'un échantillon d'étoiles pré-séquence principale, dites étoiles Ae/Be de Herbig, à différents stades de leur évolution vers la séquence principale.
A partir des spectres observés par le satellite FUSE dans
l'ultraviolet lointain, j'ai mis en évidence plusieurs mécanismes d'excitation de l'hydrogène moléculaire qui sont clairement corrélés à la structure de l'environnement circumstellaire. En particulier, pour les étoiles de type Be, qui sont les plus jeunes de l'échantillon, les diagrammes d'excitation de l'hydrogène moléculaire circumstellaire peuvent être assez bien reproduits par un modèle de région de photodissociation. Mon analyse montre que ces étoiles sont entourées d'une enveloppe circumstellaire, reste
du nuage dans lequel elles se sont formées. Les étoiles de type Ae/B9 de l'échantillon, connues pour être entourées de disques, forment un groupe plus hétérogène. Pour la plupart de ces étoiles, du fait des angles d'inclinaison, le gaz présent dans les disques est très rarement observé car la ligne de visée ne traverse pas les disques. Lorsque du H2 d'origine circumstellaire
est observé, j'ai mis en évidence la présence d'un milieu chaud très proche de l'étoile, excité par collisions. En utilisant un modèle de disque ouvert et en supposant que la poussière et le gaz sont couplés, j'ai montré que le gaz chaud que l'on observe ne se situe pas dans le disque, mais peut avoir plusieurs origines. Le gaz chaud peut provenir d'une région chaude de type chromosphère étendue ou de la photoévaporation du disque.
Ces différences de structure dans l'environnement circumstellaire des étoiles de Herbig Ae et Be reflètent la différence d'évolution de ces deux groupes d'étoiles. En effet, cette structuration différente du milieu circumstellaire peut être expliquée par une évolution plus rapide des étoiles de Herbig de type Be qui sont associées à de plus forts champs de rayonnement.
Ces résultats représentent des contraintes fortes sur les
conditions physiques dans lesquelles se trouve le gaz circumstellaire, qui, une fois complétées par de nouvelles observations, permettront d'avoir une compréhension globale de la structure et de l'évolution de l'environnement circumstellaire des étoiles jeunes.
Rist, Claire. "Excitation rotationnelle de l'ammoniac interstellaire : problèmes théoriques et perspectives." Grenoble 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE10072.
Full textMalawi, Abdulrahman Ali. "Atomic hydrogen associated with high latitude IRAS cirrus clouds." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1989. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.664465.
Full textDeligny, Cécile. "Origine des éléments volatils et chronologie de leur accrétion au sein du Système Solaire interne : Apport de l'analyse in-situ des achondrites." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0329.
Full textVolatile elements such as hydrogen and nitrogen control the evolution of planetary bodies and their atmospheres, and are essential elements for the development of life on Earth. Nevertheless, the origin of volatile elements and the timing of their accretion by terrestrial planets formed in the inner solar system remains a subject of debate and controversy in planetary science. To answer these questions, the isotopic ratios of hydrogen (D/H) and nitrogen (15N/14N) are powerful tools to trace the origin (solar, chondritic or cometary) of volatile elements trapped in planetary bodies. Therefore, to constrain the source(s) of volatile elements trapped in rocky planets, we analyzed hydrogen and nitrogen contents and isotopic compositions by ion microprobe (LGSIMS) in achondrites that originate from asteroids or from planets that are assumed to have formed in the inner solar system. These meteorites preserve a record of the initial stages of the formation of their parent bodies and can constrain the early evolution of planetary volatile elements. In-situ analysis by SIMS is a quasi-non-destructive technique, which permits to measure the abundance and the isotopic composition of volatile elements of different phases in terrestrial, extraterrestrial and synthetic samples. The recent development of the protocol of nitrogen analysis in silicate samples by ion probe allows us to target tens of micron- sized objects (i.e., glassy melt inclusions). Volatile elements were measured in melt inclusions trapped in minerals and in interstitial glasses. Although the analysis of nitrogen in aubrites was unsuccessful, the analysis performed on Martian meteorites and angrites revealed the presence of a large amount of water and nitrogen within these meteorites. In particular, the study of angrites and more precisely the meteorite D'Orbigny allowed us to highlight the presence of water and nitrogen having isotopic composition similar to those of the primitive meteorites formed in the outer solar system (i.e., CM-like carbonaceous chondrites). These results imply that these volatile elements must have been present in the inner solar system within the first ~4 Ma after CAI formation (i.e., the first solids to form in the solar system) and may have been trapped by the terrestrial planets during their formation. Furthermore, the analysis of Martian meteorites and more particularly of Chassigny revealed the presence of nitrogen with an isotopic composition enriched in 15N compared to enstatite chondrites and terrestrial diamonds which are believed to record the most primitive value of nitrogen on Earth
Kreckel, Holger. "Internal excitations of stored triatomic hydrogen molecular ions." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=968519563.
Full textHallé, Anaëlle. "Influence de la physique baryonique dans les simulations de galaxies spirales." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00924468.
Full textIslam, F. "The formation of molecular hydrogen in the interstellar medium." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/19475/.
Full textIrving, Benjamin James. "The formation of molecular hydrogen in the interstellar medium." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2012. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3104/.
Full textBurton, Michael Graham. "The shock-excitation of molecular hydrogen in the interstellar medium." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/855.
Full textWard, M. D. "Reactions of hydrogen and oxygen atoms on interstellar grain analogues." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2012. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1355953/.
Full textRichter, Philipp. "FUV absorption spectroscopy of interstellar molecular hydrogen towards the Magellanic clouds /." Aachen : Shaker, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37739235j.
Full textFUV = far ultraviolet. Bibliogr. p. 83-85.
Gaylard, Michael John. "Radio studies of ionized hydrogen in the southern Milky Way." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001993.
Full textKulesa, Craig A. "Molecular hydrogen and its ions in dark interstellar clouds and star forming regions." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280192.
Full textReynaud, Denis. "Dynamique du gaz interstellaire dans les galaxies spirales barrées : une étude en interférométrie millimétrique de NGC 1530." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10044.
Full textWong, Oiwei Ivy. "Star formation and galaxy evolution of the local universe based on HIPASS /." Connect to thesis, 2007. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00004069.
Full textNavarro, Ruiz Javier. "Theoretical investigations of H2 Formation on interstellar silicates surfaces." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/377749.
Full textAmong the molecules in space, H2 is one of the most relevant of the universe. It is the most abundant one in the interstellar medium and is a key intermediate for the formation of bigger molecules. Its formation is complex, but due to its inherent relevance understanding its interaction and its formation can be considered as a paradigm of the astrophysical process. The present thesis introduces in Chapter 1 the astrochemical framework in which the thesis is located, pointing out the presence of interstellar hydrogen in the interstellar medium and where it takes place, in the interstellar dust grains around. After presenting the goals this thesis aims, Chapter 2 overviews the general theoretical aspects behind it, such as electronic structure, density functional methods, solids modelling and tunnelling effects, providing finally the computational details entailed. Chapter 3 corresponds to results and discussion and is divided into different sections. Section 3.1 presents some physicochemical properties of the crystalline bulk structure and the corresponding surfaces of Mg2SiO4 forsterite and of the Fe-containing Mg1.5Fe0.5SiO4 olivine systems. Section 3.2 reports the adsorption of H atoms and their recombination to form a H2 molecule on the crystalline Mg2SiO4 forsterite (010) surface and Section 3.3 analyses the relevance of surface morphology by considering the H2 formation on the crystalline Mg2SiO4 forsterite (001) and (110) surfaces. Finally, Section 3.4 investigates the influence of Fe2+ atoms by modelling the physisorption/chemisorption of H atom on the Fe-containing (010) surface, subsequently taking place the formation of H2. Chapter 4 addresses the general conclusions of the present thesis and possible future perspectives, Chapter 5 includes the references cited and Appendix A and B supports the information given in Chapter 3.
Bagetakos, Ioannis. "Shells, bubbles and holes : the porosity of the interstellar medium in galaxies." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/9085.
Full textHunt, Maria, University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College, and School of Engineering and Industrial Design. "Molecules in southern molecular clouds: a millimetre-wave study of dense cores." THESIS_CSTE_EID_Hunt_M.xml, 2001. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/116.
Full textDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Wang, Xiang. "PROBING PHYSICAL CONDITIONS IN THE CRAB NEBULA WITH EMISSION LINE ANALYSIS." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/physastron_etds/36.
Full textPawson, Trevor G. "Harmonic vibrational effects on isotropic hyperfine coupling constants molecular hydrogen in interstellar ice and atomic relaxation in doped silicon." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30015.
Full textCOSTA, JORGE. "L'hydrogene neutre heliospherique observe avec l'instrument swan sur le satellite soho : dynamique du gaz d'origine interstellaire par la technique de la cellule a hydrogene et etude des contributions cometaires." Paris 6, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA066126.
Full textHunt, Maria. "Molecules in southern molecular clouds: a millimetre-wave study of dense cores." Thesis, View thesis View thesis, 2001. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/116.
Full textGodard, Marie. "Les carbones amorphes hydrogénés : observations, synthèse et caractérisation en laboratoire de poussières interstellaires." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00635907.
Full textJacq, Thierry. "Le survey radiomillimetrique de l'observatoire de bordeaux : le gaz moleculaire interstellaire dans le plan galactique entre l=38 et l=67.5, structure spirale, nuages moleculaires, comparaison entre hi et **(13)co. ch dans le nuage sombre lynds 134." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066440.
Full textBorodi, Gheorghe. "On the combination of a low energy hydrogen atom beam with a cold multipole ion trap." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-200900932.
Full textThe first part of the activities of this thesis was to develop a sophisticated ion storage apparatus dedicated to study chemical processes with atomic hydrogen. The integration of a differentially pumped radical beam source into an existing temperature variable 22-pole trapping machine has required major modifications. Since astrophysical questions have been in the center of our interest, the introduction first gives a short overview of astrophysics and -chemistry. The basics of ion trapping in temperature variable rf traps is well-documented in the literature; therefore, the description of the basic instrument (Chapter 2) is kept rather short. Much effort has been put into the development of an intense and stable source for hydrogen atoms the kinetic energy of which can be changed. Chapter 3 describes this module in detail with emphasis on the integration of magnetic hexapoles for guiding the atoms and special treatments of the surfaces for reducing H-H recombination. Due to the unique sensitivity of the rf ion trapping technique, this instrument allows one to study a variety of reactions of astrochemical and fundamental interest. The results of this work are summarized in Chapter 4, some reprints and drafts are reproduced in the appendix. Reactions of CO2+ with hydrogen atoms and molecules have been established as calibration standard for in situ determination of H and H2 densities over the full temperature range of the apparatus (10 K - 300 K). For the first time, reactions of H- and D-atoms with the ionic hydrocarbons CH+, CH2+, and CH4+ have been studied at temperatures of interstellar space. A very interesting, not yet fully understood collision system is the interaction of protonated methane with H. The outlook presents some ideas, how to improve the new instrument and a few reaction systems are mentioned which may be studied next. This thesis is a contribution to the project 5 of the research unit Laboratory Astrophysics: Structure, Dynamics and Properties of Molecules and Grains in Space which has been supported by the DFG from 2000 to 2006
Lin, Zhou. "Theoretical Studies on the Spectroscopy and Dynamics of Astrochemically Significant Species." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429633299.
Full textCazaux, Stéphanie Michelle. "Grain surface chemistry in astrophysical objects : from H₂ to complex molecules /." 2004. http://dissertations.ub.rug.nl/faculties/science/2004/s.m.cazaux/.
Full textPutman, Mary Elaine. "Mapping the galaxy's neutral hydrogen halo." Phd thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/147934.
Full textKim, Sungeun. "An HI aperture synthesis mosaic and H[alpha] survey of the Large Magellanic Cloud." Phd thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/144477.
Full textDePoy, Darren Lee. "The nature of luminous IRAS galaxies." Thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9343.
Full textEnglish, Jayanne. "Gas dynamics and globular cluster formation in interacting galaxies." Phd thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/138288.
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