Relevant bibliographies by topics / Hydrological monitoring and modelling

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Hydrological monitoring and modelling'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Hydrological monitoring and modelling"

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Endreny, Theodore A. "BASINS toolkit for hydrological monitoring, modelling, and assessment." Hydrological Processes 16, no. 6 (2002): 1331–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.5000.

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Ocio, D., T. Beskeen, and K. Smart. "Fully distributed hydrological modelling for catchment-wide hydrological data verification." Hydrology Research 50, no. 6 (June 3, 2019): 1520–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2019.006.

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Abstract Hydrological data scarcity and uncertainty is a fundamental challenge in hydrology, particularly in places with weak or declining investment in hydrometric networks. It is well established that fully distributed hydrological models can provide robust estimation of flows at ungauged locations, through local calibration and regionalisation using spatial datasets of physical properties. Even in situations where data are abundant, the existence of inconsistent information is not uncommon. The measurement, estimation or interpolation of rainfall, potential evapotranspiration and flow as well as the difficulty in monitoring artificial influences are all sources of potential inconsistency. Less studied but as important, distributed hydrological models, given their capability of capturing both the temporal and spatial dimensions of the water balance and runoff generation, are suitable tools to identify potential deficiencies in, and reliability of, input data. Three heavily modified catchments in the East of England such as the Ely Ouse, the Witham, and the Black Sluice have been considered, all of which have issues of data scarcity and uncertainty. This paper demonstrates not only the benefits of fully distributed modelling in addressing data availability issues but also in its use as a catchment-wide data validation tool that serves to maximise the potential of limited data and contributes to improved basin representation.
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Bertoldi, Giacomo, Matteo Camporese, and Mauro Sulis. "Advances in Catchment Science through Integrated Hydrological Modelling and Monitoring." Water 13, no. 15 (July 22, 2021): 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13152013.

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Høybye, Jan A. "Uncertainty Analysis in Water Quality Modelling." Hydrology Research 27, no. 3 (June 1, 1996): 203–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.1996.0005.

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An important part of regional planning of water resources and quality is efficient design of monitoring systems and proper use of hydrologic models (Beven 1993). In the design of monitoring systems as well as validation of numerical models, based on, for example, the equation of continuity such as hydrologic routing models and mass balance nutrient models, it is essential to estimate the uncertainties of the model-predictions. This paper presents an implementation of a first-order analysis for estimating the error-propagation when introducing mass balance models as to predict nutrient-concentrations. The uncertainty assessment, developed from a first order theory, is implemented in the analysis and modelling of Hjarbaek fjord in Denmark. The project includes hydrological modelling of input of water and nutrients to the fjord from tributaries, and a hydrodynamic estimation of water levels and velocities in the fjord. A two-system water quality box-model is used for estimation of concentrations in water and sediment phases. The system uncertainties are analysed, starting with input data uncertainties and the error propagation to the final concentration estimates, in order to optimise the future monitoring programme, and to control the model results.
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McIntyre, Neil, Caroline Ballard, Michael Bruen, Nataliya Bulygina, Wouter Buytaert, Ian Cluckie, Sarah Dunn, et al. "Modelling the hydrological impacts of rural land use change." Hydrology Research 45, no. 6 (March 27, 2013): 737–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2013.145.

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The potential role of rural land use in mitigating flood risk and protecting water supplies continues to be of great interest to regulators and planners. The ability of hydrologists to quantify the impact of rural land use change on the water cycle is however limited and we are not able to provide consistently reliable evidence to support planning and policy decisions. This shortcoming stems mainly from lack of data, but also from lack of modelling methods and tools. Numerous research projects over the last few years have been attempting to address the underlying challenges. This paper describes these challenges, significant areas of progress and modelling innovations, and proposes priorities for further research. The paper is organised into five inter-related subtopics: (1) evidence-based modelling; (2) upscaling to maximise the use of process knowledge and physics-based models; (3) representing hydrological connectivity in models; (4) uncertainty analysis; and (5) integrated catchment modelling for ecosystem service management. It is concluded that there is room for further advances in hydrological data analysis, sensitivity and uncertainty analysis methods and modelling frameworks, but progress will also depend on continuing and strengthened commitment to long-term monitoring and inter-disciplinarity in defining and delivering land use impacts research.
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Luo, Min, Tie Liu, Fanhao Meng, Yongchao Duan, Yue Huang, Amaury Frankl, and Philippe De Maeyer. "Proportional coefficient method applied to TRMM rainfall data: case study of hydrological simulations of the Hotan River Basin (China)." Journal of Water and Climate Change 8, no. 4 (June 15, 2017): 627–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2017.080.

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Abstract A low-density rain gauge network is always a major obstacle for hydrological modelling, particularly for alpine and remote regions. The availability of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) rainfall products provides an opportunity for hydrological modelling, although the results must be validated and corrected before they can be used in further applications. In this paper, the combination of proportional coefficients with cross-checking by hydrological modelling was proposed as a method to improve the quality of TRMM data in a rural mountainous region, the Hotan River Basin. The performance of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was examined using streamflow and snow cover measurements. The corrected results suggest that the proportional coefficient approach could effectively improve the TRMM data quality. A verification of the hydrological model outputs indicated that the simulated streamflow was consistent with the observed runoff. Moreover, the modelled snow cover patterns presented similar spatial and temporal variations to the remotely sensed snow cover, and the correlation coefficient ranged from 0.63 to 0.98. The results from the TRMM correction and hydrological simulation approach indicated that this method can significantly improve the precision of TRMM data and can meet the requirements of hydrological modelling.
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Právetz, Tamás, György Sipos, Balázs Benyhe, and Viktória Blanka. "Modelling Runoff on a Small Lowland Catchment, Hungarian Great Plains." Journal of Environmental Geography 8, no. 1-2 (July 1, 2015): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jengeo-2015-0006.

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Abstract The lowland region of the South-Eastern Carpathian Basin faces extreme hydrological conditions, therefore the more detailed understanding, monitoring and predicting of the hydrological regime on catchments have high importance. However, in the region only few measured data are available in terms of evaporation, runoff, infiltration and water retention, and this is especially true concerning small catchments. In the meantime these areas support extensive agriculture, therefore more information is needed to manage future drying and irrigational demands. In the present research runoff and discharge were modelled for a ten year period and compared to at-a-station measurement data on the Fehértó-majsa Canal, a sub-catchment of the Tisza River, in order to test the predictability of hydrological changes related to future climate change. Modelling was made by applying a coupled MIKE SHE/MIKE 11 model and integrating all available topographic, pedologic, climatic, hydrologic and vegetation data. Consequently, another motivation of the research was to assess the suitability, data demand and limitations of the MIKE modelling environment on lowland catchments. As from all available data sources soil data seemed to be the least accurate, sensitivity tests were made by changing different soil parameter. Based on the results, the developed model is highly suitable for the estimation of annual and monthly runoff. Nevertheless, concerning daily data a general overestimation of discharge was experienced during low flow periods, and a time lag appeared between measured and modelled discharge peaks during high flow periods. In all, the results of the study can greatly support the realization of water management and planning projects in the drought prone sand land catchments where only a few directly measured data are available
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Mazzoleni, M., M. Verlaan, L. Alfonso, M. Monego, D. Norbiato, M. Ferri, and D. P. Solomatine. "Can assimilation of crowdsourced streamflow observations in hydrological modelling improve flood prediction?" Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 12, no. 11 (November 3, 2015): 11371–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-12-11371-2015.

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Abstract. Monitoring stations have been used for decades to properly measure hydrological variables and better predict floods. To this end, methods to incorporate such observations into mathematical water models have also being developed, including data assimilation. Besides, in recent years, the continued technological improvement has stimulated the spread of low-cost sensors that allow for employing crowdsourced and obtain observations of hydrological variables in a more distributed way than the classic static physical sensors allow. However, such measurements have the main disadvantage to have asynchronous arrival frequency and variable accuracy. For this reason, this study aims to demonstrate how the crowdsourced streamflow observations can improve flood prediction if integrated in hydrological models. Two different types of hydrological models, applied to two case studies, are considered. Realistic (albeit synthetic) streamflow observations are used to represent crowdsourced streamflow observations in both case studies. Overall, assimilation of such observations within the hydrological model results in a significant improvement, up to 21 % (flood event 1) and 67 % (flood event 2) of the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency index, for different lead times. It is found that the accuracy of the observations influences the model results more than the actual (irregular) moments in which the streamflow observations are assimilated into the hydrological models. This study demonstrates how networks of low-cost sensors can complement traditional networks of physical sensors and improve the accuracy of flood forecasting.
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Coppola, Antonio, Mohamed Abdallah, Giovanna Dragonetti, Pandi Zdruli, and Nicola Lamaddalena. "Monitoring and modelling the hydrological behaviour of a reclaimed wadi basin in Egypt." Ecohydrology 12, no. 4 (March 19, 2019): e2084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eco.2084.

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Mazzoleni, Maurizio, Martin Verlaan, Leonardo Alfonso, Martina Monego, Daniele Norbiato, Miche Ferri, and Dimitri P. Solomatine. "Can assimilation of crowdsourced data in hydrological modelling improve flood prediction?" Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 2 (February 14, 2017): 839–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-839-2017.

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Abstract. Monitoring stations have been used for decades to properly measure hydrological variables and better predict floods. To this end, methods to incorporate these observations into mathematical water models have also been developed. Besides, in recent years, the continued technological advances, in combination with the growing inclusion of citizens in participatory processes related to water resources management, have encouraged the increase of citizen science projects around the globe. In turn, this has stimulated the spread of low-cost sensors to allow citizens to participate in the collection of hydrological data in a more distributed way than the classic static physical sensors do. However, two main disadvantages of such crowdsourced data are the irregular availability and variable accuracy from sensor to sensor, which makes them challenging to use in hydrological modelling. This study aims to demonstrate that streamflow data, derived from crowdsourced water level observations, can improve flood prediction if integrated in hydrological models. Two different hydrological models, applied to four case studies, are considered. Realistic (albeit synthetic) time series are used to represent crowdsourced data in all case studies. In this study, it is found that the data accuracies have much more influence on the model results than the irregular frequencies of data availability at which the streamflow data are assimilated. This study demonstrates that data collected by citizens, characterized by being asynchronous and inaccurate, can still complement traditional networks formed by few accurate, static sensors and improve the accuracy of flood forecasts.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hydrological monitoring and modelling"

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Wicks, Jonathan Mark. "Physically-based mathematical modelling of catchment sediment yield." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/152.

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A physically-based, distributed sediment yield component has been developed for the SHE hydrological modelling system. This new component models the hillslope processes of soil detachment by raindrop impact, leaf drip impact and overland flow, and transport by overland flow. If the eroded soil reaches a river system it is routed downstream along with any inobilised river bed material. Deposition on land or in a river is simulated and the river bed material size distribution is continuously updated with allowance for armour layer development. The equation developed for soil detachment by raindrop and leaf drip impact was successfully tested using data from a field plot with a range of soybean canopy covers and rainfall intensities. The soil detachment coefficient in this equation was determined for a range of soil types and showed a variation consistent with that which may be expected from a consideration of the physics of a soils resistance to detachment. At present two soil detachment coefficients need calibration. In order to investigate the variation in these coefficient values, as well as to test the component, various applications were carried out. The hilislope sub-component was applied to rainfall simulator plots with a variety of surface conditions. Two sets of calibration parameters, distinguishable on a physical basis according to the degree of soil disturbance, were found to be appropriate for all the plots. To investigate scale effects, parameters calibrated at the rainfall simulator plot scale were transferred to a 1-ha rangeland sub-catchment. With no further calibration, the catchmerit response for four events was poorly simulated for both water and sediment. However, with reasonable variations in the antecedent soil moisture content but no variation in plot calibrated sediment parameters, the sediment yield for two of the four events could be successfully simulated. These applications suggest that parameter transfer is feasible if the sediment yield characteristics at the different scales are similar. Further applications of the hilislope sub-component were carried out for two small agricultural catchments. The sediment response could be simulated to at least the same accuracy as achieved by two existing distributed soil erosion models. The channel sub-component was applied to the East Fork River, Wyoming. Although the complex sediment storage/supply effects could not be reproduced completely, the simulated response was nevertheless of similar accuracy to that achieved by two existing alluvial river models. The new component is considered to be a valuable contribution to sediment yield modelling as a physically-based approach is used for both the hilislope and channel phases of the catchinent sediment system, within the framework of an advanced hydrological modelling system.
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Tobón, Marin Conrado. "Monitoring and modelling hydrological fluxes in support of nutrient cycling studies in Amazonian rain forest ecosystems." Wageningen, The Netherlands : Tropendos Foundation, 1999. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/43455503.html.

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Ayoung, Margaretta S. A. "Monitoring and modelling hydrological response and sediment yield in a North York Moors catchment : an assessment of predictive uncertainty in a coupled hydrological-sediment yield model." Thesis, University of Hull, 2001. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:6488.

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A fully distributed coupled hydrological-sediment yield model was developed. An assessment was made of the predictive uncertainty in the individual model predictions, as well as the uncertainty propagated from the primary hydrological model to the secondary sediment yield model, using the Generalised Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE) methodology. The value of additional data, in the form of additional periods of flow data, as well as deterministic (based on landuse and soil type) and random spatial parameterisation of hydrological parameters in restricting model uncertainty of the spatially lumped model parameterisation were examined, using Bayesian updating. The results revealed significant model uncertainty in both the hydrological and sediment yield models, with uncertainty bounds widest at peak flow and sediment flux, and predictive failure in recession flows, similar to other applications of GLUE methodology. Uncertainty in the sediment yield model was found to be due to uncertainty inherited from the hydrological model, as well as simplifying assumptions made about sediment removal and transport, and resulted in lower model efficiencies and generally poorer qualitative sedigraph fit. The model validation exercise revealed that the calibrated 'optimum' parameter set was not 'optimum' for all validation periods and resulted in inaccurate spatial and temporal hydrological response predictions for the validation periods. This suggested that traditional split-sample model calibration methods may not be effective in capturing the true spatial and temporal variability of the system. Successive periods of flow data were effective in reducing the calibration period uncertainty bounds. Similarly, the use of sediment yield predictions to update hydrological model uncertainty resulted in a reduction in hydrological model uncertainty. Spatially distributed parameterisation was found to also improve model predictions, resulting in a reduction in uncertainty bounds, particularly for soil-distributed parameterisation. However, stochastic parameterisation of spatially variable hydrological parameters provided equally acceptable predictions for both models, suggesting that a deterministic approach might not be required to capture the spatial variability in hydrological and sedimentological response in the study catchment, and that a stochastic approach may be adequate.
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Lacombe, Guillaume, Olivier Ribolzi, Rouw Anneke de, Alain Pierret, Keoudone Latsachak, Norbert Silvera, Dinh Rinh Pham, et al. "Contradictory hydrological impacts of afforestation in the humid tropics evidenced by long-term field monitoring and simulation modelling." COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/618979.

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The humid tropics are exposed to an unprecedented modernisation of agriculture involving rapid and mixed land-use changes with contrasted environmental impacts. Afforestation is often mentioned as an unambiguous solution for restoring ecosystem services and enhancing biodiversity. One consequence of afforestation is the alteration of streamflow variability which controls habitats, water resources, and flood risks. We demonstrate that afforestation by tree planting or by natural forest regeneration can induce opposite hydrological changes. An observatory including long-term field measurements of fine-scale land-use mosaics and of hydrometeorological variables has been operating in several headwater catchments in tropical southeast Asia since 2000. The GR2M water balance model, repeatedly calibrated over successive 1-year periods and used in simulation mode with the same year of rainfall input, allowed the hydrological effect of land-use change to be isolated from that of rainfall variability in two of these catchments in Laos and Vietnam. Visual inspection of hydrographs, correlation analyses, and trend detection tests allowed causality between land-use changes and changes in seasonal streamflow to be ascertained. In Laos, the combination of shifting cultivation system (alternation of rice and fallow) and the gradual increase of teak tree plantations replacing fallow led to intricate streamflow patterns: pluri-annual streamflow cycles induced by the shifting system, on top of a gradual streamflow increase over years caused by the spread of the plantations. In Vietnam, the abandonment of continuously cropped areas combined with patches of mix-trees plantations led to the natural re-growth of forest communities followed by a gradual drop in streamflow. Soil infiltrability controlled by surface crusting is the predominant process explaining why two modes of afforestation (natural regeneration vs. planting) led to opposite changes in streamflow regime. Given that commercial tree plantations will continue to expand in the humid tropics, careful consideration is needed before attributing to them positive effects on water and soil conservation.
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Bound, Alice Jayne. "The development and use of satellite remote sensing techniques for the monitoring and hydrological modelling of the Sudd Marshes." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313982.

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Brasington, James. "Monitoring and modelling hydrologic response and sediment yield in heterogeneous highland catchments." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624641.

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Harbison, John Edwin. "Groundwater chemistry and hydrological processes within a Quaternary coastal plain: Pimpama, Southeast Queensland." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16647/.

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The Pimpama estuarine plain in subtropical southeast Queensland is comprised of Quaternary sediments infilling older bedrock. These multilayered unconsolidated sediments have various depositional origins, and are highly heterogeneous. The plain is low-lying and the surface drainage is controlled by flood mitigation measures including tidal gates and channelised streams. The control of surface drainage potentially affects the shallow water table. This modification of hydrology has implications for future viability of agriculture and also the environmental health of waterways. Increased landscape modification and water management is likely in the coming years. The combination of sediment heterogeneity, low hydraulic gradients, and artificial drainage modification result in the plain being hydrogeologically complex. In order to understand hydrologic processes in this setting, a multi-disciplinary research programme was conducted which included a drilling program, overland electromagnetic induction and other geophysical surveys (downhole gamma log, electromagnetic induction and magnetic susceptibility) to initially establish the geologic framework. These surveys were followed by hydrogeochemical testing which includes for major and minor ions and also stable isotopes, and mineralogical analysis of drillhole material. Underlying basement rock occurs at up to 60 m depth. Unconsolidated gravel and sand deposits occur within incised paleo-valleys and are overlain by predominantly low-permeability fluvial sandy clays and estuarine and lagoonal muds. Fine-grained delta sands occur in the top 15 m of the sub-surface. Within the unconsolidated sediments, hydrodynamic trends clearly discriminated between upper unconfined and lower semi-confined aquifer systems. A comparison of surface water and shallow groundwater levels indicate limited interaction of groundwater and surface water. Hydrogeochemical analysis effectively distinguished between groundwater bodies, and also distinguished saline groundwater from seawater. Trends in major ion chemistry in the semi-confined system (particularly Na/Cl and Ca/Cl ratios) showed ion exchange accompanying saline intrusion. However, due to factors such as mineral dissolution, major ion chemistry does not clearly identify solute flux trends in the shallow aquifer system. Water stable isotope analysis (δ18O and δ2H) indicated the provenance of fresh and saline groundwater and also the relative importance of the principal hydrologic processes, i.e. evaporation and water uptake by plants. Groundwater exhibited a wide range in salinity, from very fresh to hypersaline. The formation of hypersaline groundwater was attributed largely to uptake of water by mangrove forests. Since mangrove forests were more extensive at the time of the Holocene maximum sea level (approximately 6,000 years ago) than at present, some of this groundwater may represent relict salinity from this earlier time. The relationship of relict salinity to low permeability sediments, particularly at intermediate depths, and their depositional history was examined. Vertical salinity gradients and hydrogeochemistry within these sediments varied according to position within the plain, suggesting deposition under various hydrological and sea level regimes. A preliminary investigation using analysis of stable sulfate isotopes (δ34S and δ18OSO4) was made. This study shows substantial potential for the application of this technique for quantification of solute flux and sulfur chemical transformations within settings such as this coastal plain. To establish shallow groundwater flow processes, a MODFLOW-based numerical model was used to inversely estimate aquifer parameters under various recharge scenarios. The model was designed to examine the relative importance of evapotranspiration and discharge to surface waters. However, largely due to the complexity of the drainage network and non-uniform surface water flows, the quantification of surface water- groundwater interaction by consideration of hydrodynamics is problematic. Therefore, the chemistry of groundwater and surface water was compared. While the estimated contribution of rainfall to groundwater level fluctuations was significant (46%), high evapotranspiration rates reduced net recharge and it was concluded that baseflow to drains and creeks during dry periods was insignificant, and groundwater velocities in the shallow aquifer are low. The study illustrates the value of both hydrodynamic and hydrogeochemical analyses in estuarine settings where relict salinity and groundwater-aquifer interactions impact significantly on water quality. Saline groundwater is chemically distinct from theoretical mixtures of seawater and freshwater. The study also demonstrates the value of particular chemical parameters, e.g. Na/Cl and SO4/Cl ratios and stable water isotopes, for identifying hydrologic processes in this setting.
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Newham, Lachlan Thomas Hopkins, and lachlan newham@anu edu au. "Catchment Scale Modelling of Water Quality and Quantity." The Australian National University. Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies, 2002. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20050919.144548.

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Appropriately constructed pollutant export models can help set management priorities for catchments, identify critical pollutant source areas, and are important tools for developing and evaluating economically viable ways of minimising surface water pollution.¶ This thesis presents a comparison, an evaluation and an integration of models for predicting the export of environmental pollutants, in particular sediment, through river systems. A review of the capabilities and limitations of current water quality modelling approaches is made. Several water quality and quantity modelling approaches are applied and evaluated in the catchment of the upper Murrumbidgee River.¶ The IHACRES rainfall-runoff model and a simple hydrologic routing model are applied with the aim of developing a capacity to predict streamflow at various catchment scales and to enable integration with other pollutant load estimation techniques. Methods for calculating pollutant loads from observed pollutant concentration and modelled streamflow data are also investigated. Sediment export is estimated using these methods over a 10-year period for two case study subcatchments. Approaches for water quality sampling are discussed and a novel monitoring program using rising stage siphon samplers is presented. Results from a refinement of the Sediment River Network model in the upper Murrumbidgee catchment (SedNet-UM) are presented. The model provides a capacity to quantify sediment source, transport and to simulate the effects of management change in the catchment. The investigation of the model includes rigorous examination of the behaviour of the model through sensitivity assessment and comparison with other sediment modelling studies. The major conclusion reached through sensitivity assessment was that the outputs of the model are most sensitive to perturbation of the hydrologic parameters of the model.¶ The SedNet-UM application demonstrates that it is possible to construct stream pollutant models that assist in prioritising management across catchment scales. It can be concluded that SedNet and similar variants have much potential to address common resource management issues requiring the identification of the source, propagation and fate of environmental pollutants. In addition, incorporating the strengths of a conceptual rainfall-runoff model and the semi-distributed SedNet model has been identified as very useful for the future prediction of environmental pollutant export.
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Estrada, Camilo Ernesto Restrepo. "Use of social media data in flood monitoring." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18138/tde-19032019-143847/.

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Floods are one of the most devastating types of worldwide disasters in terms of human, economic, and social losses. If authoritative data is scarce, or unavailable for some periods, other sources of information are required to improve streamflow estimation and early flood warnings. Georeferenced social media messages are increasingly being regarded as an alternative source of information for coping with flood risks. However, existing studies have mostly concentrated on the links between geo-social media activity and flooded areas. This thesis aims to show a novel methodology that shows a way to close the research gap regarding the use of social networks as a proxy for precipitation-runoff and flood forecast estimates. To address this, it is proposed to use a transformation function that creates a proxy variable for rainfall by analysing messages from geo-social media and precipitation measurements from authoritative sources, which are then incorporated into a hydrological model for the flow estimation. Then the proxy and authoritative rainfall data are merged to be used in a data assimilation scheme using the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF). It is found that the combined use of authoritative rainfall values with the social media proxy variable as input to the Probability Distributed Model (PDM), improves flow simulations for flood monitoring. In addition, it is found that when these models are made under a scheme of fusion-assimilation of data, the results improve even more, becoming a tool that can help in the monitoring of \"ungauged\" or \"poorly gauged\" catchments. The main contribution of this thesis is the creation of a completely original source of rain monitoring, which had not been explored in the literature in a quantitative way. It also shows how the joint use of this source and data assimilation methodologies aid to detect flood events.
As inundações são um dos tipos mais devastadores de desastres em todo o mundo em termos de perdas humanas, econômicas e sociais. Se os dados oficiais forem escassos ou indisponíveis por alguns períodos, outras fontes de informação são necessárias para melhorar a estimativa de vazões e antecipar avisos de inundação. Esta tese tem como objetivo mostrar uma metodologia que mostra uma maneira de fechar a lacuna de pesquisa em relação ao uso de redes sociais como uma proxy para as estimativas de precipitação e escoamento. Para resolver isso, propõe-se usar uma função de transformação que cria uma variável proxy para a precipitação, analisando mensagens de medições geo-sociais e precipitação de fontes oficiais, que são incorporadas em um modelo hidrológico para a estimativa de fluxo. Em seguida, os dados de proxy e precipitação oficial são fusionados para serem usados em um esquema de assimilação de dados usando o Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF). Descobriu-se que o uso combinado de valores oficiais de precipitação com a variável proxy das mídias sociais como entrada para o modelo distribuído de probabilidade (Probability Distributed Model - PDM) melhora as simulações de fluxo para o monitoramento de inundações. A principal contribuição desta tese é a criação de uma fonte completamente original de monitoramento de chuva, que não havia sido explorada na literatura de forma quantitativa.
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Creutzfeldt, Noah Angelo Benjamin. "The effect of water storages on temporal gravity measurements and the benefits for hydrology." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2010. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/4857/.

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Temporal gravimeter observations, used in geodesy and geophysics to study variation of the Earth’s gravity field, are influenced by local water storage changes (WSC) and – from this perspective – add noise to the gravimeter signal records. At the same time, the part of the gravity signal caused by WSC may provide substantial information for hydrologists. Water storages are the fundamental state variable of hydrological systems, but comprehensive data on total WSC are practically inaccessible and their quantification is associated with a high level of uncertainty at the field scale. This study investigates the relationship between temporal gravity measurements and WSC in order to reduce the hydrological interfering signal from temporal gravity measurements and to explore the value of temporal gravity measurements for hydrology for the superconducting gravimeter (SG) of the Geodetic Observatory Wettzell, Germany. A 4D forward model with a spatially nested discretization domain was developed to simulate and calculate the local hydrological effect on the temporal gravity observations. An intensive measurement system was installed at the Geodetic Observatory Wettzell and WSC were measured in all relevant storage components, namely groundwater, saprolite, soil, top soil and snow storage. The monitoring system comprised also a suction-controlled, weighable, monolith-filled lysimeter, allowing an all time first comparison of a lysimeter and a gravimeter. Lysimeter data were used to estimate WSC at the field scale in combination with complementary observations and a hydrological 1D model. Total local WSC were derived, uncertainties were assessed and the hydrological gravity response was calculated from the WSC. A simple conceptual hydrological model was calibrated and evaluated against records of a superconducting gravimeter, soil moisture and groundwater time series. The model was evaluated by a split sample test and validated against independently estimated WSC from the lysimeter-based approach. A simulation of the hydrological gravity effect showed that WSC of one meter height along the topography caused a gravity response of 52 µGal, whereas, generally in geodesy, on flat terrain, the same water mass variation causes a gravity change of only 42 µGal (Bouguer approximation). The radius of influence of local water storage variations can be limited to 1000 m and 50 % to 80 % of the local hydro¬logical gravity signal is generated within a radius of 50 m around the gravimeter. At the Geodetic Observatory Wettzell, WSC in the snow pack, top soil, unsaturated saprolite and fractured aquifer are all important terms of the local water budget. With the exception of snow, all storage components have gravity responses of the same order of magnitude and are therefore relevant for gravity observations. The comparison of the total hydrological gravity response to the gravity residuals obtained from the SG, showed similarities in both short-term and seasonal dynamics. However, the results demonstrated the limitations of estimating total local WSC using hydrological point measurements. The results of the lysimeter-based approach showed that gravity residuals are caused to a larger extent by local WSC than previously estimated. A comparison of the results with other methods used in the past to correct temporal gravity observations for the local hydrological influence showed that the lysimeter measurements improved the independent estimation of WSC significantly and thus provided a better way of estimating the local hydrological gravity effect. In the context of hydrological noise reduction, at sites where temporal gravity observations are used for geophysical studies beyond local hydrology, the installation of a lysimeter in combination with complementary hydrological measurements is recommended. From the hydrological view point, using gravimeter data as a calibration constraint improved the model results in comparison to hydrological point measurements. Thanks to their capacity to integrate over different storage components and a larger area, gravimeters provide generalized information on total WSC at the field scale. Due to their integrative nature, gravity data must be interpreted with great care in hydrological studies. However, gravimeters can serve as a novel measurement instrument for hydrology and the application of gravimeters especially designed to study open research questions in hydrology is recommended.
Zeitabhängigen Gravimetermessungen, die in der Geodäsie und der Geophysik eingesetzt werden, um Variationen des Erdschwerefelds zu messen, werden durch lokale Wasserspeicheränderungen beeinflusst und verursachen – aus dieser Perspektive – ein hydrologisches Störsignal in den Gravimetermessungen. Gleichzeitig bietet der Teil des Gravimetersignals, der durch Wasserspeicheränderungen hervorgerufen wird, das Potential wichtige Informationen über hydrologische Speicher zu gewinnen, da zwar Wasserspeicher eine grundlegende Zustandsgröße hydrologischer Systeme darstellt, jedoch ihre Quantifizierung mit einem hohen Maß an Unsicherheiten auf der Feldskala behaftet ist. Diese Studie untersucht die Beziehung zwischen zeitabhängigen Gravimetermessungen und Wasserspeicheränderungen, um die Gravimetermessungen von dem hydrologischen Störsignal zu bereinigen und um den Nutzen der Gravimetermessungen für die Hydrologie zu erkunden. Dies geschieht am Beispiel des Supraleitgravimeters (SG) des Geodätischen Observatoriums Wettzell in Deutschland. Ein 4D Vorwärtsmodel mit einer räumlich genesteten Diskretisierungsdomäne wurde entwickelt, um die lokalen hydrologischen Masseneffekte auf Gravimetermessungen zu simulieren. Des Weiteren wurde ein intensives Messsystem am Geodätischen Observatorium Wettzell installiert, um die Wasserspeicheränderungen in allen relevanten Speicherkomponenten, also im dem Grundwasser, in der ungesättigten Zone und im Schneespeicher zu messen. Das Monitoringsystem beinhaltete auch einen wägbaren, monolithischen Lysimeter mit Matrixpotentialübertragung, der es uns ermöglichte, zum ersten Mal einen Lysimeter direkt mit einem Gravimeter zu vergleichen. Die Lysimetermessungen wurden in Kombination mit komplementären hydrologischen Beobachtungen und einem 1D-Modell verwendet, um die Wasserspeicheränderungen auf der Feldskala zu bestimmen. Die Gesamtwasserspeicheränderungen wurden bestimmt, Unsicherheiten abgeschätzt und der hydrologische Masseneffekt auf Gravimetermessungen berechnet. Schlussendlich wurde ein einfaches, konzeptionelles, hydrologisches Modell mittels der Zeitreihen von dem SG, Bodenfeuchte- und Grundwassermessungen kalibriert und evaluiert. Das Modell wurde durch einen “Split-Sample-Test” evaluiert und basierend auf unabhängig bestimmten Wasserspeicheränderungen bestimmt auf Grundlage der Lysimetermessungen validiert. Die Simulation des hydrologischen Masseneffektes auf Gravimetermessungen zeigte, dass Wasserspeicheränderungen von einem Meter Höhe entlang der Topographie, einen Erdschwereeffekt von 52 µGal hervorriefen, während in der Geodäsie im Allgemeinen die gleiche Wassermassenvariation in flachem Terrain eine Erdschwereeffekt von nur 42 µGal (Bouguer-Platte) hervorruft. Der Einflussradius der lokalen Wasserspeicheränderungen kann auf 1000 m begrenzt werden, und 50 % bis 80 % des lokalen hydrologischen Erdschweresignals wird in einem Radius von 50 m um den Gravimeter generiert. Wasserspeichervariationen in der Schneedecke, im Oberboden, dem ungesättigten Saprolith und im gelüfteten Aquifer, sind allesamt wichtige Größen der lokalen Wasserbilanz. Mit der Ausnahme von Schnee beeinflussen alle Speicheränderungen die Gravimetermessungen in derselben Größenordnung und sind daher für die Gravimetermessungen von Bedeutung. Ein Vergleich des lokalen hydrologischen Gravitationseffektes mit den SG Residuen zeigte sowohl ereignisbezogene als auch saisonalen Übereinstimmungen. Weiterhin zeigten die Ergebnisse jedoch auch die Grenzen bei der Bestimmung der gesamten lokalen Wasserspeichervariationen mithilfe hydrologischer Punktmessungen auf. Die Ergebnisse des Lysimeter-basierten Ansatzes zeigten, dass SG Residuen mehr noch, als bisher aufgezeigt, durch lokale Wasserspeicheränderungen hervorgerufen werden. Ein Vergleich der Resultate mit anderen Methoden, die in der Vergangenheit zur Korrektur zeitabhängiger Erdschwerebeobachtungen durch Bestimmung des lokalen hydrologischen Masseneffekte verwendet wurden, zeigte, dass die unabhängige Berechnung von Wasserspeicheränderungen durch Lysimetermessungen erheblich verbessert werden kann und dass diese somit eine verbesserte Methode zur Bestimmung des lokalen hydrologischen Erdschwereeffekts darstellt. Die Installation eines Lysimeters ist somit im Zusammenhang mit einer Reduzierung des hydrologischen Störsignals und an Standorten, wo zeitabhängige Erdschwerebeobachtungen für geophysikalische Studien, die über die lokale Hydrologie hinausgehen verwendet werden, zu empfehlen. Aus hydrologischer Sicht zeigte diese Studie, dass die Verwendung von zeitabhängigen Gravimetermessungen als Kalibrierungsdaten die Modellergebnisse im Vergleich zu hydrologischen Punktmessungen verbesserten. Auf Grund ihrer Fähigkeit, über verschiedene Speicherkomponenten und ein größeres Gebiet zu integrieren, bieten Gravimeter verallgemeinerte Informationen über die Gesamtwasserspeicherveränderungen auf der Feldskala. Diese integrative Eigenschaft macht es notwendig, Erdschweredaten in hydrologischen Studien mit großer Vorsicht zu interpretieren. Dennoch können Gravimeter der Hydrologie als neuartiges Messinstrument dienen und die Nutzung von Gravimetern, die speziell für die Beantwortung noch offener Forschungsfragen der Hydrologie entwickelt wurden wird hier empfohlen.
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Books on the topic "Hydrological monitoring and modelling"

1

Marin, Conrado Tobón. Monitoring and modelling hydrological fluxes in support of nutrient cycling studies in Amazonian rain forest ecosystems. Wageningen, The Netherlands: Tropendos Foundation, 1999.

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Abbott, Michael B., and Jens Christian Refsgaard, eds. Distributed Hydrological Modelling. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0257-2.

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Thangarajan, M., Th Surendranath Singh, and L. Minaketan Singh. Modelling hydrological system. Imphal: Manipur Science & Technology Council, 2008.

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Remesan, Renji, and Jimson Mathew. Hydrological Data Driven Modelling. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09235-5.

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Viviroli, Daniel. The hydrological modelling system PREVAH. Bern: University of Berne, Switzerland, Institute of Geographiy, 2007.

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Sorooshian, Soroosh, Kuo-Lin Hsu, Erika Coppola, Barbara Tomassetti, Marco Verdecchia, and Guido Visconti, eds. Hydrological Modelling and the Water Cycle. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77843-1.

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Lundbye-Christensen, Søren. Modelling and monitoring pregnancy. Aalborg, Denmark: Aalborg University, Dept. of Mathematics and Computer Science, Institute of Electronic Systems, 1988.

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Świątek, Dorota. Modelling of Hydrological Processes in the Narew Catchment. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2011.

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Świątek, Dorota, and Tomasz Okruszko, eds. Modelling of Hydrological Processes in the Narew Catchment. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19059-9.

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Wheater, Howard, Soroosh Sorooshian, and K. D. Sharma, eds. Hydrological Modelling in Arid and Semi-Arid Areas. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511535734.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hydrological monitoring and modelling"

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Watts, Glenn. "Modelling hydrological processes in long-term water supply planning." In Monitoring and Modelling Dynamic Environments, 179–201. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118649596.ch9.

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Hoyer, Stefan, David Ottowitz, Birgit Jochum, Stefan Pfeiler, Robert Supper, and Jung-Ho Kim. "Numerical Modelling of Hydrological Parameters for an Enhanced Interpretation of ERT Monitoring Data." In Advancing Culture of Living with Landslides, 551–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_63.

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BEVEN, KEITH, JAMES BATHURST, ENDA O'CONNELL, IAN LITTLEWOOD, JIM BLACKIE, and MARK ROBINSON. "Hydrological Modelling." In Progress in Modern Hydrology: Past, Present and Future, 216–39. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119074304.ch7.

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Hansen, M., and P. Gravesen. "Geological Modelling." In Distributed Hydrological Modelling, 193–214. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0257-2_10.

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Thorsen, M., J. Feyen, and M. Styczen. "Agrochemical Modelling." In Distributed Hydrological Modelling, 121–41. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0257-2_7.

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Lørup, J. K., and M. Styczen. "Soil Erosion Modelling." In Distributed Hydrological Modelling, 93–120. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0257-2_6.

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Refsgaard, J. C., and M. B. Abbott. "The Role of Distributed Hydrological Modelling in Water Resources Management." In Distributed Hydrological Modelling, 1–16. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0257-2_1.

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Deckers, F., and C. B. M. Te Stroet. "Use Of GIS And Database with Distributed Modelling." In Distributed Hydrological Modelling, 215–32. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0257-2_11.

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Sørensen, H. R., J. Klucovska, J. Topolska, T. Clausen, and J. C. Refsgaard. "An Engineering Case Study - Modelling the Influences of Gabcikovo Hydropower Plant on the Hydrology and Ecology in the Slovakian Part of the River Branch System of Zitny Ostrov." In Distributed Hydrological Modelling, 233–53. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0257-2_12.

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Beven, Keith J. "A Discussion of Distributed Hydrological Modelling." In Distributed Hydrological Modelling, 255–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0257-2_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Hydrological monitoring and modelling"

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Geris, J., J. Ewen, G. O'Donnell, and P. E. O'Connell. "Monitoring and modelling the pre- and post-blocking hydrological response of moorland drains." In BHS 3rd International Conference. British Hydrological Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.7558/bhs.2010.ic108.

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Fusco, Francesco, Benjamin B. Mirus, Pantaleone De Vita, Rita Tufano, and Domenico Calcaterra. "HYDROLOGICAL MONITORING AND NUMERICAL MODELLING OF LANDSLIDE-PRONE PYROCLASTIC SOILS COVERING CAMALDOLI HILLSLOPES (NAPLES, ITALY)." In GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-283098.

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Allahyaripour, Forough, Mohammad Azmi, Shahab Araghinejad, and Reza Aasemi. "Probabilistic Multivariate Forecasting of Hydrological Variables." In Applied Simulation and Modelling. Calgary,AB,Canada: ACTAPRESS, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2011.715-011.

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Freiberger, Thomas V., Sahra Sedigh Sarvestani, and Estella Atekwana. "Hydrological Monitoring with Hybrid Sensor Networks." In 2007 International Conference on Sensor Technologies and Applications (SENSORCOMM 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sensorcomm.2007.4394967.

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"Process-based hydrological modelling in different permafrost environments." In 22nd International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand (MSSANZ), Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2017.l9.lebedeva.

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Koshinchanov, Georgy, and Snezhanka Balabanova. "Hydrological modelling using remote sensing techniques in Bulgaria." In Seventh International Conference on Remote Sensing and Geoinformation of the Environment (RSCy2019), edited by Giorgos Papadavid, Kyriacos Themistocleous, Silas Michaelides, Vincent Ambrosia, and Diofantos G. Hadjimitsis. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2533155.

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Napolitano, Francesco, and Fabio Russo. "Preface of the “Mathematical Modelling of Hydrological Sciences”." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS 2015 (ICNAAM 2015). Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4952214.

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"Applying rainfall ensembles to explore hydrological uncertainty." In 23rd International Congress on Modelling and Simulation (MODSIM2019). Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2019.k14.kumari2.

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Jianhua, Sun, Yang Xu, and Wang Yu. "Solar Wireless Intelligent Online Hydrological Monitoring System." In 2010 International Forum on Information Technology and Applications (IFITA). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ifita.2010.342.

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Koch, John, and Thomas Freiberger. "Autonomous Real-Time Monitoring of Hydrological Environments." In 30th Annual International Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC'06). IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/compsac.2006.121.

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Reports on the topic "Hydrological monitoring and modelling"

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Gao, Kai, Lianjie Huang, Carly Donahue, and Jonathan Ajo-Franklin. Monitoring urban hydrological environment monitoring using fiber optical sensing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1673329.

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Donauer, T., A. T. Haile, D. W. Goshime, T. Siegfried, and S. Ragettli. Gap and opportunity analysis of hydrological monitoring in the Ziway-Shala Sub-basin, Ethiopia. International Water Management Institute (IWMI), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5337/2020.210.

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de Vries, Sander C. WFLOW_LINTUL: raster-based simulation of rice growth in the WFLOW/OpenStreams hydrological modelling platform : user manual and description of core model code. Wageningen: Wageningen Research (WR) business unit Agrosystems Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/461276.

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Van Lancker, V., L. Kint, G. Montereale-Gavazzi, N. Terseleer, V. Chademenos, T. Missiaen, R. De Mol, et al. How subsurface voxel modelling and uncertainty analysis contribute to habitat-change prediction and monitoring. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/305937.

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Dyke, L., and W. Sladen. Assessing the impact of climate change on permafrost based on field observations and modelling - Wapusk National Park case study: sub-activity: in-situ monitoring of permafrost dynamics in response to climate change. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/290160.

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Aalto, Juha, and Ari Venäläinen, eds. Climate change and forest management affect forest fire risk in Fennoscandia. Finnish Meteorological Institute, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35614/isbn.9789523361355.

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Forest and wildland fires are a natural part of ecosystems worldwide, but large fires in particular can cause societal, economic and ecological disruption. Fires are an important source of greenhouse gases and black carbon that can further amplify and accelerate climate change. In recent years, large forest fires in Sweden demonstrate that the issue should also be considered in other parts of Fennoscandia. This final report of the project “Forest fires in Fennoscandia under changing climate and forest cover (IBA ForestFires)” funded by the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland, synthesises current knowledge of the occurrence, monitoring, modelling and suppression of forest fires in Fennoscandia. The report also focuses on elaborating the role of forest fires as a source of black carbon (BC) emissions over the Arctic and discussing the importance of international collaboration in tackling forest fires. The report explains the factors regulating fire ignition, spread and intensity in Fennoscandian conditions. It highlights that the climate in Fennoscandia is characterised by large inter-annual variability, which is reflected in forest fire risk. Here, the majority of forest fires are caused by human activities such as careless handling of fire and ignitions related to forest harvesting. In addition to weather and climate, fuel characteristics in forests influence fire ignition, intensity and spread. In the report, long-term fire statistics are presented for Finland, Sweden and the Republic of Karelia. The statistics indicate that the amount of annually burnt forest has decreased in Fennoscandia. However, with the exception of recent large fires in Sweden, during the past 25 years the annually burnt area and number of fires have been fairly stable, which is mainly due to effective fire mitigation. Land surface models were used to investigate how climate change and forest management can influence forest fires in the future. The simulations were conducted using different regional climate models and greenhouse gas emission scenarios. Simulations, extending to 2100, indicate that forest fire risk is likely to increase over the coming decades. The report also highlights that globally, forest fires are a significant source of BC in the Arctic, having adverse health effects and further amplifying climate warming. However, simulations made using an atmospheric dispersion model indicate that the impact of forest fires in Fennoscandia on the environment and air quality is relatively minor and highly seasonal. Efficient forest fire mitigation requires the development of forest fire detection tools including satellites and drones, high spatial resolution modelling of fire risk and fire spreading that account for detailed terrain and weather information. Moreover, increasing the general preparedness and operational efficiency of firefighting is highly important. Forest fires are a large challenge requiring multidisciplinary research and close cooperation between the various administrative operators, e.g. rescue services, weather services, forest organisations and forest owners is required at both the national and international level.
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