Academic literature on the topic 'Hydrolysis. Ion exchange'

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Journal articles on the topic "Hydrolysis. Ion exchange"

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Popova, Olga, and Tatyana Finochenko. "Synthesis and properties of ion-exchange materials based on hydrolysis lignins." E3S Web of Conferences 273 (2021): 04011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127304011.

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Hydrolytic lignin is a large-tonnage waste product of ethyl alcohol production and is a renewable resource. The structure of lignin is characterized by the presence of a large number of hydroxyl groups, which provides the value of lignin as a raw material for synthesis in polymer chemistry. But due to their low chemical stability in dilute alkalis, acids and solvents, lignins are of little use for wide practical use. The introduction of additional functional groups into the lignin maromolecule by oxidative modification with the use of resource-saving technologies makes it possible to obtain ne
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Suda, Seiichi, Manabu Iwaida, Kimihiro Yamashita, and Takao Umegaki. "29Si NMR of ethoxytrimethylsilane hydrolysis and sodium ion exchange." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 176, no. 1 (1994): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3093(94)90207-0.

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Yeon, Kyeong-Ho, and Richard M. Lueptow. "Urease immobilization on an ion-exchange textile for urea hydrolysis." Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 81, no. 6 (2006): 940–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.1471.

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Heng, Meng H., and Charles E. Glatz. "Ion exchange immobilization of changed ?-galactosidase fusions for lactose hydrolysis." Biotechnology and Bioengineering 44, no. 6 (1994): 745–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260440611.

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Zhuang, Jun Ping, Lu Lin, Sun Yong, and Chun Sheng Pang. "Detoxification of Wheat Straw Formic Acid Hydrolysis and Xylitol Production." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 5453–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.5453.

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Xylitol can be obtained from hemicelullosic fraction of lignocellulosic materials containing D-xylose. Formic acid hydrolysis is widely used in lignocellulose pretreatment. However, formic acid hydrolysis wheat straw cannot be directly used as fermentation subsequently owing to various fermentation inhibitors, especially the formic acid in reaction system and released during pretreatment. This study describes main hydrolysis components and inhibitors prepared by hydrolysis of wheat straw with formic acid solution, and different detoxification methods ware used to romve the inhibitors. Study fo
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Xu, Yan, Wenjing Dou, Yujun Zhao, Guangxiao Huang, and Xinbin Ma. "Kinetics Study for Ion-Exchange-Resin Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Methyl Glycolate." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 51, no. 36 (2012): 11653–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie3004489.

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Smith, Richard H., Steven R. Koepke, Yves Tondeur, Cheryl L. Denlinger, and Christopher J. Michejda. "The methyldiazonium ion in water: competition between hydrolysis and proton exchange." Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, no. 14 (1985): 936. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c39850000936.

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He, Gaoyin, Fangfang Dai, Midong Shi, Qingsong Li, and Yingmin Yu. "Hydrolysis of Methylal Catalyzed by Ion Exchange Resins in Aqueous Media." Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A 92, no. 5 (2018): 889–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0036024418050151.

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Harjula, Risto, Jukka Lehto, Janneco H. Pothuis, Alan Dyer, and Rodney P. Townsend. "Ion exchange in zeolites. Part 4.—Hydrolysis and trace134Cs+exchange in K- and Na-mordenite." J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 89, no. 11 (1993): 1877–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/ft9938901877.

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Ying, Ma, Lin Li, and Sun Da-Wen. "Preparation of high Fischer ratio oligopeptide by proteolysis of corn gluten meal." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 26, No. 1 (2008): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1138-cjfs.

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A method to obtain an oligopeptide with high Fischer ratio is described. Corn gluten meal (CGM) was hydrolysed with Alcalase 2.4L using a two-step hydrolysis. In the first-step hydrolysis, the enzyme reaction conditions for hydrolysing CGM were optimised by using the orthogonal experimental design, while pH = 8.0, temperature = 55°C, enzyme to substrate ratio (3:97, w/w), and the substrate concentration = 5% were identified as the optimum conditions, under which up to 11.62% degree of hydrolysis (DH) could be obtained. The hydrolysate was then fractionated by ultrafiltration using a membrane w
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hydrolysis. Ion exchange"

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Boutiche, Mohamed. "Stabilité physico-chimique des smectites et de l'illite en présence de solutions chargées en électrolytes : étude expérimentale à 150°C." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL057N.

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Les interactions chimiques entre des solutions utilisées dans les boues de forage, et différents types d'argiles ont été étudiées dans des conditions P, T proches de celles des forages (150°C) afin de déterminer les conséquences éventuelles sur la stabilité des argilites. Le travail a été conduit essentiellement de manière expérimentale, en utilisant différentes solutions: eau pure, NaOH (pH 8, 10, 12), KCl (0,1, 1, 2 mol. /l), eau de mer et K₂CO₃, et des argiles à forte et faible proportion de feuillets gonflants (smectite (Na, Na-Ca, Ca) interstratifiés illite-smectite). Les produits de réac
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Sloupová, Klára. "Izolace čistých aminokyselin z pšeničných otrub." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-449764.

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Wheat bran is a promising material containing a wide range of useful components, including proteins. In addition, it is produced in significant volumes. Currently, wheat bran is used for the production of energy by combustion and for feed purposes. Gradually, new methods of valorization of this material are being sought. One of the possibilities of using wheat bran is the isolation of proteins, hydrolysis, and separation of selected amino acids. This diploma thesis deals with this issue, it is focused on the recovery of arginine and leucine from a protein isolate. Proteins were extracted from
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Oliveira, Maria Rita Perez de. "Estudo das condições de hidrólise de álcoois primários sulfatados." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-19072011-165944/.

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Álcoois primários sulfatados de cadeia longa, usualmente na forma de sais de sódio, são tensoativos de grande interesse comercial utilizados em diversas formulações de higiene pessoal e limpeza doméstica. Eles são produzidos comercialmente através da reação de álcoois etoxilados com trióxido de enxofre seguida de imediata neutralização com hidróxido de sódio. O produto formado é uma solução neutra de álcool primário etoxilado sulfatado em água. Sabe-se que a armazenagem desse produto por longos períodos de tempo em temperaturas elevadas pode levar à hidrólise completa, mas, em condições normai
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Iwalewa, Tajudeen. "Coupling source term, mineral reactivity and flow in radionuclide transport." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/265633.

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The focus of this work is to investigate the dissolution of MW25, a non-radioactive simulant of UK high-level nuclear waste borosilicate glass, and to predict its performance in the near field of a geological repository. A single-pass flow-through (SPFT) experimental system was used to measure the forward dissolution rates of MW25. Experiments were conducted in two parts. Experiment Part 1 considers the dissolution of the waste glass in deionised water at 40 and 90 oC and circum-neutral pH. Experiment Part 2 considers the dissolution of the waste glass in simulant groundwaters, with similar co
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Costenaro, Hellen Sonego. "Hidrólise ácida e retirada de sais da glicerina bruta proveniente da produção de biodiesel." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-15092009-165348/.

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Este trabalho tem como objetivo otimizar as etapas da rota de purificação da glicerina bruta proveniente da produção de biodiesel, sendo elas, hidrólise ácida e retirada de sais através dos processos utilizando o efeito salting-out e troca iônica até obter uma solução aquosa de glicerol e etanol. Foi feito um planejamento fatorial 22 com dois pontos centrais tendo como variáveis de processo temperatura e tempo de reação, e como respostas o valor de pH da solução e a massa de glicerina separada, para cada ácido testado (ácido sulfúrico e ácido clorídrico). Para a glicerina hidrolisada com ácido
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Costa, Diogo Jorge Carmo Cardoso Martins. "Intensification of Biomass Fractionation Processes Using Solid Catalysts." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/120730.

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The development of selective and effective hemicellulose recovery and upgrade processes is one of the current major hurdles preventing the full onset of economic and environmentally sustainable biorefineries. In this work, four ion exchange resins (IERs) were characterized and evaluated as alternative catalysts, in order to explore the advantages of the acid-catalyzed processes for the i) direct hydrolysis of raw biomass and ii) the hydrolysis of oligosaccharides, both into monomeric hemicellulose-derived sugars. The hemicellulose hydrolysis using IERs was compared to the use of d
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Books on the topic "Hydrolysis. Ion exchange"

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Harjula, Risto. Ion exchange and hydrolysis reactions in zeolites. University of Helsinki. Department of Radiochemistry, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hydrolysis. Ion exchange"

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Lehto, Jukka, Airi Paajanen, Risto Harjula, and Heikki Leinonen. "Hydrolysis of Chelex 100 Chelating Resin and its Effect on Nickel Ion Exchange." In Ion Exchange Advances. Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2864-3_53.

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Harjula, Risto, Jukka Lehto, Janneco H. Pothuis, Alan Dyer, and Rodney P. Townsend. "Hydrolysis and Trace Cs+ Exchange in Na- and K-Mordenite." In Ion Exchange Advances. Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2864-3_45.

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Dowling, Kathryn C., and Ann T. Lemley. "Evaluation of Organophosphorus Insecticide Hydrolysis by Conventional Means and Reactive Ion Exchange." In ACS Symposium Series. American Chemical Society, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1992-0510.ch015.

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Armstrong, Catherine, Walter Gotham, Patrica Jennings, et al. "Acid Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Hydrophobic Ketals in Aqueous Cationic Micelles: Partial Failure of The Pseudophase Ion Exchange Model." In Surfactants in Solution. Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0839-3_15.

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Bunker, Bruce C., and William H. Casey. "The Hydrolysis Products: Soluble Multi-cation Clusters." In The Aqueous Chemistry of Oxides. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199384259.003.0010.

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The term hydrolysis describes the acid–base reactions that remove protons from hydrated metal cations. This word derives from two Greek words: hydro, meaning “water,” and lysis, meaning “to loosen.” Hydrolysis provides two mechanisms for converting one soluble metal complex into another. First, hydrolysis converts coordinated water molecules into coordinated hydroxo- and oxo-anions. For isolated monomers, the extent of hydrolysis depends on cation charge, cation coordination number, and pH (see Chapter 4). For example, as the cation charge increases, complexes can be generated that go from water rich to hydroxide rich to oxide rich, as exemplified by the sequence of species [Na(H2 O)6]+, [Mg(H2 O)5 (OH)]+, [Al(H2 O)4 (OH)2 ]+, [Si(OH)4 ]° , and finally [MnO4]−. Second, hydrolysis activates hydrated cations to participate in ligand-exchange reactions. When the entering ligand is not another isolated water molecule, but involves a hydroxo- or oxo-ligand that is bound to another dissolved metal complex, ligand- exchange reactions are called condensation reactions (or sometimes olation reactions) because they condense small oxide species into larger ones. In condensation reactions, hydroxo- or oxo-ligands form bridges between two or more cations. Species created via condensation range from dimers, trimers, and tetramers to larger species such as [Al13 O4 (OH)24 (H2 O)12]7+, enormous clusters such as the 2-nm-diameter Mo72 Fe30 Ox (OH)y species, and eventually to colloidal particles and extended oxide and hydroxide phases. The complete set of soluble metal-ion complexes containing only water molecules, hydroxide ions, and oxo-anions are called the hydrolysis products. The hydrolysis products represent the minimum basis set of complexes that must be taken into account to rationalize the aqueous chemistry of any oxide or hydroxide phase. The acid–base and ligand-exchange chemistry of monomeric hydrolysis products is described in Chapter 4. In this chapter, we emphasize the polymerization and depolymerization reactions that lead to the formation and disappearance of larger multi-cation clusters.
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Vivit, Davison V., and Kevin A. Thorn. "Comparative Results of 27Al NMR Spectrometric and Ferron Colorimetric Analyses of Hydroxyaluminum Hydrolysis Products in Aged, Mildly Acidic, Aqueous Systems." In Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Environment Chemistry. Oxford University Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195097511.003.0014.

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The abundant presence of aluminum (Al) in the environment, its commercial importance, and the potential toxic effects of dissolved forms of Al on living organisms have brought about extensive studies of Al hydrolysis products that originate from natural processes and industrial activities. A recent review of past studies of hydroxyaluminum (hydroxy-Al) solutions illustrates the complexity of aluminum hydrolysis. Because of the need to identify and quantify individual Al ion species, initial investigations of concentrated solutions of hydroly/ed aluminum salts using 27A1 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry began more than 20 years ago in the United Kingdom with continuous-wave instrumentation. Since then, groups in Switzerland, France, and the United States as well as in the UK, involved with geochemical and pharmacological investigations, have applied pulse NMR instruments to conduct research mostly with concentrated Al hydrolysates. In NMR spectrometry, shapes and positions of spectral peaks indicate aluminum nuclei in different chemical environments, and the peak areas are proportional to the number of nuclei in each given symmetry. Figures 8.1 (a) and (b) and 8.2(a) and (b) illustrate liquid-state 27A1 NMR spectra of aluminum hydrolysis products. The well-defined peak at 62.5ppm, downfield from the Oppm reference position for Al(H2O)3+6, has been attributed to the tetrahedrally coordinated aluminum ion within the highly symmetrical configuration of the [AlO4Al12(OH)24(H2O)12]7+ species or “Al13” polyion in aqueous solution. This geometrical arrangement, also termed the “Keggin” structure, was originally deduced from X-ray diffraction studies of aluminum hydroxysulfate and hydroxyselenate salts precipitated from heated concentrated aluminum solutions after being partly neutralized with base. The Al13 structural unit that was postulated has 12 Al ions octahedrally coordinated with OH ions enclosing the central tetrahedral Al ion which is bonded to four of the octahedral ions through bridging by O2− ions. For a given sample specimen, broad NMR spectral peaks indicate the existence of (1) chemical-exchange processes and (2) species having less symmetry and larger electric field gradients than those which give rise to narrower peaks. Mildly acidic solutions of aluminum hydrolysis products exhibit a broad peak downfield from 0ppm centered at ~1 to ~2ppm.
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Bunker, Bruce C., and William H. Casey. "Solvated Ions in Water." In The Aqueous Chemistry of Oxides. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199384259.003.0009.

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In most undergraduate chemistry classes, students are taught to consider reactions in which cations and anions dissolved in water are depicted as isolated ions. For example, the magnesium ion is depicted as Mg2+, or at best Mg2+(aq). For anions, these descriptions may be adequate (if not accurate). However, for cations, these abbreviations almost always fail to describe the critical chemical attributes of the dissolved species. A much more meaningful description of Mg2+ dissolved in water is [Mg(H2O)6]2+, because Mg2+ in water does not behave like a bare Mg2+ ion, nor do the waters coordinated to the Mg2+ behave anything like water molecules in the bulk fluid. In many respects, the [Mg(H2O)6]2+ ion acts like a dissolved molecular species. In this chapter, we discuss the simple solvation of anions and cations as a prelude to exploring more complex reactions of soluble oxide precursors called hydrolysis products. The two key classes of water–oxide reactions introduced here are acid–base and ligand exchange. First, consider how simple anions modify the structure and properties of water. As discussed in Chapter 3, water is a dynamic and highly fluxional “oxide” containing transient rings and clusters based on tetrahedral oxygen anions held together by linear hydrogen bonds. Simple halide ions can insert into this structure by occupying sites that would normally be occupied by other water molecules because they have radii (ranging from 0.13 to 0.22 nm in the series from F− to I−) that are comparable to that of the O2− ion (0.14 nm). Such substitution is clearly seen in the structures of ionic clathrate hydrates, where the anion can replace one and sometimes even two water molecules. Larger anions can also replace water molecules within clathrate hydrate cages. For example, carboxylate hydrate structures incorporate the carboxylate group within the water framework whereas the hydrophobic hydrocarbon “tails” occupy a cavity within the water framework, as in methane hydrate (see Chapter 3). Water molecules form hydrogen bonds to dissolved halide ions just as they can to other water molecules, as designated by OH−Y−.
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Downward, Julian. "[11] Measurement of nucleotide exchange and hydrolysis activities in immunoprecipitates." In Methods in Enzymology. Elsevier, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0076-6879(95)55013-5.

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Hackney, David D. "Oxygen Isotopic Exchange Probes of ATP Hydrolysis by RNA Helicases." In Methods in Enzymology. Elsevier, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-396546-2.00003-6.

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Obodovych, Oleksandr, and Oleksandr Solovey. "REALITIES AND PROSPECTS FOR INTENSIFICATION OF BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION DUE TO THE USE OF DISCRETE-PULSE ENERGY INPUT." In Integration of traditional and innovation processes of development of modern science. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-021-6-37.

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The development of the biofuel industry and the production of bioethanol and using it as a fuel in the world in general and in Ukraine in particular are analyzed in the paper. Bioethanol is mostly produced from sugar- and starch-containing raw materials. It is noted that bioethanol is obtained mainly from molasses in Ukraine. Molasses is a by-product of sugar beet production. The prospects of second-generation bioethanol production made from unfit for human consumption lignocellulosic biomass such as agricultural by-products, forestry residues, municipal waste are considered. Pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass is the main task in bioethanol production from such raw materials. Partial or complete hydrolysis of hemicellulose and the conversion of crystalline cellulose into an amorphous state are required to destroy the strong structure of the lignocellulosic complex and remove lignin for further processing. The method of Discrete-Pulse Energy Input was used to intensify the production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass. The method allows shortening the duration of pretreatment, hydrolysis and fermentation, increasing the amount of reducing substances in the wort, reducing energy consumption and generally making this technology more economically attractive. The universal heat and mass exchange installation in order to reduce energy and resource consumption in bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass is developed at the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of the NAS of Ukraine. The Installation allows carrying out the processes of dispersion, dissolution, heating, hydrolysis at the same time in one apparatus.
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Conference papers on the topic "Hydrolysis. Ion exchange"

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Zhuang, Junping, Lu Lin, Chunsheng Pang, Zhen Wu, and Ying Liu. "Detoxification of Wheat Straw Hydrolysis in Formic Acid Reaction System by D311 Ion-exchange Resin." In 2010 International Conference on Digital Manufacturing and Automation (ICDMA). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdma.2010.326.

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Khan, Mohammad Niyaz, May-Ye Cheong, Azhar Ariffin, Mohamad Rusop, and Tetsuo Soga. "An Empirical Kinetic Approach To Study The Occurrence Of Ion-Exchange At The Aqueous Cationic Micellar Surface: Alkaline Hydrolysis Of N-Benzylphthalimide." In NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY: International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology—2008. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3160169.

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Liu, Hua-zhen, Wei Chen, Qi-ying Liu, Xia Zhang, Li-xiu Wang, and Cheng-wu Chi. "A NEW PEPTIDE THROMBIN INHIBITOR FROM STREPTOMYCES GRISEUS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644330.

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A new peptide thrombin inhibitor was found in the Streptomyces griseus strain 254 isolated from a soil sample from Tongan, Fujian province, China, the inhibitor being a secondary metabolic product. The production of the inhibitor reached a maximum after 3 days culture of bacteria at 28°C in a rotary shaker. The inhibitor excreted in the culture filtrate was purified by absorption on macroporous resin, followed by ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-52, CM-32 cellulose, affinity chromatography on the immobilized thrombin and high performance liquid chromatography. The amino acid composition of
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Kaudewitz, H., A. Henschen, and R. E. Zimmermann. "ON THE IDENTITY OF PLATELET FIBRINOGEN WITH PLASMA FIBRINOGEN." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642934.

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It is a well established fact that fibrinogen occurs not only in blood plasma but also in the α-granules of the platelets. Recently, it has been shown that fibrinogen is synthesised in the megakaryocytes as well as in the liver. Plasma fibrinogen is derived from the liver, but platelet fibrinogen either exclusively or partially from the megakaryocytes. Conclusive, proteinche-mical evidence for the identity of the fibrinogens from the two biosynthetic sources has previously not been produced. However, the two fibrinogen preparations have been shown to have the same overall peptide chain composi
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Rychkov, V. N., A. L. Smirnov, S. M. Titova, E. V. Kirillov, and K. A. Nalivayko. "Kinetic of scandium sorption by phosphorus-containing ion exchanger Tulsion CH93 from hydrolysis sulfuric acid from titanium dioxide production." In PHYSICS, TECHNOLOGIES AND INNOVATION (PTI-2018): Proceedings of the V International Young Researchers’ Conference. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5055156.

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Rychkov, V. N., A. L. Smirnov, K. A. Nalivayko, S. M. Titova, and E. V. Kirillov. "Kinetics of scandium sorption by phosphorus-containing ion exchanger purolite D5041 from hydrolysis sulfuric acid from titanium dioxide production." In PHYSICS, TECHNOLOGIES AND INNOVATION (PTI-2019): Proceedings of the VI International Young Researchers’ Conference. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5134205.

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Widmer, Wilbur, Weiyang Zhou, and Karel Grohmann. "Converting Citrus Waste to Ethanol and Other Co-Products." In ASME 2009 Citrus Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cec2009-5502.

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Conversion of citrus processing waste (CPW) generated during juice production into value added co-products is an important aspect of the juice industry as it offers a solution to waste disposal issues. Currently the practice of drying citrus waste to produce citrus pulp pellets (CPP) for use as cattle feed is profitable. However, until the recent rise in value, CPP value was marginal and often did not meet production costs. Another concern has been volatile organic emissions during CPP production. Only one third of the residual peel oil present in citrus waste is recovered during CPP productio
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Mimura, Hitoshi, Minoru Matsukura, Tomoya Kitagawa, et al. "Evaluation of Adsorption Properties of U(VI) for Various Inorganic Adsorbents." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-81338.

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Large amounts of highly contaminated water over 800,000 m3 accumulated in the reactor, turbine building and the trench in the facility were generated from the nuclear accident of Fukushima NPS (BWR) caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake. At present, the cold shutdown is completed stably by the circulating injection cooling system (SARRY, KURION) for the decontamination of radioactive nuclides such as 134Cs and 137Cs using zeolites and crystalline silicotitanate (CST). Further, the Advanced Liquid Processing System (ALPS) is under operation for the decontamination of 62 nuclides such as 90S
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Giurgiutiu, Victor, Luke Matthews, Donald J. Leo, and Vishnu Baba Sundaresan. "Concepts for Power and Energy Analysis in Nastic Structures." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-82786.

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Nastic structures are potentially high-energy density smart materials that will be capable of achieving controllable deformation and shape change due to internal microactuation that functions on principles found in the biological process of nastic motion. In plants, nastic motion is accomplished through osmotic pressure changes causing a respective increase or decrease in cell volume, thereby causing net movement. In nastic structures, osmotic pressure is increased by moving fluid from low concentration to high concentration areas by means of active transport, powered by adenosine triphosphate
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Paviet-Hartmann, Patricia, Amber Wright, Edward Mausolf, Keri Campbell, and Frederic Poineau. "Application of Formohydroxamic Acid in Nuclear Processing: Synthesis and Complexation With Technetium-99." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29028.

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Acetohydroxamic acid (AHA) is an organic ligand planned for use in the Uranium Extraction (UREX) process. It reduces neptunium and plutonium, and the resultant hydrophilic complexes are separated from uranium by extraction with tributyl phosphate (TBP) in a hydrocarbon diluent. AHA undergoes hydrolysis to acetic acid which will impede the recycling of nitric acid. During recent discussions of the UREX process, it has been proposed to replace AHA by formohydroxamic acid (FHA). FHA will undergo hydrolysis to formic acid which is volatile, thus allowing the recycling of nitric acid. The reported
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