Relevant bibliographies by topics / Hydrometallurgy

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Hydrometallurgy'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Hydrometallurgy"

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Bhargava, Suresh, Mark Pownceby, and Rahul Ram. "Hydrometallurgy." Metals 6, no. 5 (May 23, 2016): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met6050122.

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Habashi, Fathi. "Hydrometallurgy." Minerals Engineering 11, no. 8 (August 1998): 789–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0892-6875(98)80011-3.

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Phillips, C. V. "Hydrometallurgy '94." Minerals Engineering 7, no. 11 (November 1994): 1450–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0892-6875(94)90019-1.

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Winand, René. "Chloride hydrometallurgy." Hydrometallurgy 27, no. 3 (December 1991): 285–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-386x(91)90055-q.

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Chagnes, Alexandre. "Advances in Hydrometallurgy." Metals 9, no. 2 (February 11, 2019): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9020211.

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Slater, M. J. "Editorial for Hydrometallurgy." Hydrometallurgy 62, no. 2 (October 2001): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-386x(01)00189-x.

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Doyle, Fiona M. "Developments in Hydrometallurgy." JOM 40, no. 4 (April 1988): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03259019.

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Lan, Xinzhe, JiaJun Ke, Qiyuan Chen, and Xicheng Zhao. "Hydrometallurgy in China." Hydrometallurgy 82, no. 3-4 (August 2006): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2006.03.004.

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Oosterhof, Harald. "Critical Metals Hydrometallurgy." JOM 67, no. 2 (January 13, 2015): 398–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11837-014-1289-0.

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Wang, Qing Kai, Xiao Yu Zou, Shu Wang, Da Kuo He, Yang Zhou, and Jia Zheng Wang. "Process Monitoring of Filter Press in Hydrometallurgy Based on PCA." Applied Mechanics and Materials 738-739 (March 2015): 844–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.738-739.844.

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Hydrometallurgy is a popular metallurgical technology. Filter press is common but vital to the production of hydrometallurgy. Hence, the process monitoring of filter press is of great significance for hydrometallurgy. Due to data analysis and related knowledge of filter press, Principal component analysis (PCA) is applied to process monitoring of the filter press via two traditional statistics. However, modeling and test data collected from actual production suffers from outliers, missing data, inconsistent sampling period between variables. Based on these practical problems, corresponding data proceeding technique is proposed. The final application simulation illustrates the validity of the proposed method.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hydrometallurgy"

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Oguh, Ukachukwu I. "Multiphase contacting in PGM hydrometallurgy." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3375/.

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This thesis describes hydrodynamic studies of the leach and solvent extraction stages of a Platinum Group Metal (PGM) hydrometallurgical flowsheet. The studies were motivated by the need to increase PGM throughput in Johnson Matthey’s PGM refining business. In the leach stage, key components in the feed are selectively dissolved using acids in a stirred tank before they are recovered by liquid-liquid (L-L) solvent extraction and finally purified. The work described in this thesis tackles four main areas: hydrodynamic studies of L-L PGM solvent extraction in both mixer and settler stages, whilst for the leach stage, studies of particle behaviour in gas evolving solid-liquid (S-L) reactions and gas-liquid-solid (GLS) characterisation by a novel Electrical Resistance Tomography (ERT) technique are performed. In the mixer-settler, the effects of impeller diameter, D, to vessel diameter, T, ratio (D/T), the phase flow ratio, cφ/dφ; (where cφis the continuous phase flow fraction and dφ is the dispersed phase flow fraction) and the specific power input,Tε, upon the droplet size distribution in a L-L system and their phase separation were investigated. Changing a smaller D/T impeller for a larger D/T impeller at constant P/V and cφ/dφincreased droplet size because the maximum shear rate decreased as a result of increasing ratio of impeller pumping capacity (Q) with tip speed (Utip). Changing a larger cφ/dφfor smaller cφ/dφat a fixed P/V and D/T impeller increased droplet size because turbulent dampening increased since the average density, ρ ∝ dφ. Meanwhile, Kolmogoroff-Hinze’s theory was shown to apply for the measured relationship between Tε and droplet size. A settler design criterion, which relates the dispersed phase concentration (Ca) in the dispersion band to the dispersed phase throughput (Qd/A) agreed with the model by Ryon et al. (1959). Ca was significantly dependent on P/V and Qd/A, whilst the effects of Qc/Qd (where Qc is the continuous phase flowrate and Qd is the dispersed phase flowrate) and D/T were minimal. Droplet size analysis of the sedimenting region of the dispersion band and dense packed layer revealed a transitional distribution of droplet sizes due to the counteracting effects of droplet sedimentation, hindered settling and droplet-droplet coalescence. Particle behaviour in gas evolving S-L systems were quantified using the Zwietering ‘just-suspended’ impeller speed (Njs) condition in a sponge nickel® and sodium hypochlorite system. The presence of gas caused Njs to increase, however a coherent relationship between Njs in an ungassed and gassed system 3 could not be easily ascertained. Further work with Positron Emission Particle Tracking (PEPT) was advised to quantify the relationship. A well-known electrical concept called skin effect, which describes how the effective resistance of an electrical conductor varies as the frequency of an alternating current (AC) increases and decreases, was used to investigate GLS behaviour via a novel ERT spectroscopic technique. The process relies on the change in effective resistance of conducting objects with changing AC frequency to selectively detect different phases. The concept was initially validated with static phantoms of a stainless steel and plume of gas before being applied to dispersible stainless steel particles and gas. ERT spectroscopy showed that two AC frequencies (0.3 kHz and 9.6 kHz) could successfully isolate and simultaneously detect the gas and solid phases at a fixed current. By subtracting solids and gas conductivity, the change in solids and gas holdup were obtained.
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Zhang, Wensheng. "SO2/O2 as an oxidant in hydrometallurgy." Thesis, Zhang, Wensheng (2000) SO2/O2 as an oxidant in hydrometallurgy. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2000. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/458/.

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Zhang, Wensheng. "SO2/O2 as an oxidant in hydrometallurgy." Murdoch University, 2000. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20080115.141151.

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Matthews, Craig J. "Metal extractants based on benzimidazoles." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297532.

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MacLean, Donald William John. "The kinetics of zinc extraction in the di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid, n-heptane-zinc perchlorate, perchloric acid, water system." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30023.

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The kinetics of zinc extraction from perchlorate solutions with di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid in n-heptane have been measured using the rotating diffusion cell technique. The extraction of zinc is controlled by the mass transfer of reactants (Zn²⁺ and D2EHPA) to the interface. At low zinc concentrations, the system is controlled by the aqueous transport of Zn²⁺ to the interface; at higher zinc concentrations transport of D2EHPA becomes rate controlling. For the range of D2EHPA concentrations examined, the transport of D2EHPA is rate controlling. Bulk pH has a negligible effect, except perhaps at the lowest pH values examined, where there may be a slight decrease in extraction rate. This decrease was attributed to less favourable thermodynamics at low interfacial pH values. It appears that the chemical reaction rate is fast enough that it has a negligible effect on the overall extraction rate. A basic mathematical model was developed which is adequate for predicting the extraction rate under variable conditions of zinc concentration, D2EHPA concentration, and pH. The effect of using a partially loaded organic extractant was also investigated, and the system was found to be mass transfer controlled. An extended mathematical model was developed which predicts that the speciation of organic complexed zinc changes with increasing preload, and at high loadings the direction of ZnL₂HL and ZnL₂(HL)₂ flux reverses, with these species providing extractant to the interface. At very high loadings, ZnL₂HL provides almost all the extractant to the interface. Experimental studies of the effect of temperature on the rate of zinc extraction resulted in a calculation of the activation energy which was consistent with a diffusion controlled mechanism. Finally, the effect of different filter pore sizes on extraction was examined. The extraction rate decreases significantly with a very small filter pore size, while there appeared to be little or no effect for larger filter pore sizes. For the filter pore size used in this study, it was therefore concluded that the filter pores do not pose an additional resistance to mass transfer.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Materials Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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De, Santis Donato. "Hydrogen reduction of lead from Kelex 100." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66077.

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Forgan, Ross Stewart. "Modification of phenolic oximes for copper extraction." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2764.

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The thesis deals with the modification of salicylaldoxime-based reagents used in hydrometallurgical extraction, addressing rational ligand design to tune copper(II) extractant strengths and also the development of reagents which are capable of transporting transition metal salts. Chapter 1 reviews current solvent extractant technology for metal recovery, including the limited knowledge of the effect of substituents on extractive efficacy. Advances in leaching technology have led to systems wherein increases in process efficiency could be obtained using reagents which can transport both a transition metal cation and its attendant anion(s), and the potential advantages of metal salt extractants are discussed. The problems encountered when trying to extract hydrophilic anions selectively into organic media are also considered. Chapter 2 discusses techniques used in industry to tune reagent properties, many of which depend on the importance of H-bonding in non-polar solvents. Synthesis of a series of 5-alkyl-3-X-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde oximes (X = a range of substituents) is described and copper extraction experiments are reported. 3-Substitution is found to alter reagent strength by two orders of magnitude, with 3-bromo-5-tert-butyl-2- hydroxybenzaldehyde oxime the strongest extractant. An analysis of X-ray structures of several ligands and copper(II) complexes is given in an attempt to establish whether trends in the solid state structures can account for variations in extractant strength. A more detailed analysis of the hydrogen bonding in salicylaldoximato copper(II) complexes and ligand dimers is carried out in Chapter 3, with the aim of defining how substituent effects could be used to design reagents with appropriate extractive behaviour. 3-X-2-Hydroxybenzaldehyde oximes with no 5-alkyl substituent are synthesised and subjected to a detailed study by X-ray crystallography and computational techniques, which, alongside evidence provided by CID-MS experiments, suggest that the dominant substituent effect in determining extractant strength is the ability to “buttress” the pseudomacrocyclic hydrogen bonding motif involving the oximic hydrogen and phenolic oxygen. Ligands with 3-substituents capable of accepting H-bonds were found to be stronger extractants than those which could not, and the steric hindrance afforded by bulky substituents made 3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde oxime the weakest extractant. Ligand acidity is also noted to have a significant effect on reagent strength, with electronwithdrawing substituents lowering the pKa of the phenolic proton and increasing extractive efficacy. Chapter 4 focuses on metal salt extraction, and the development of selective, robust and hydrolytically stable reagents. Six novel extractants, based on a salicylaldoxime scaffold with a pendant dialkylaminomethyl arm, are described. Only 5-tert-butyl-3- dihexylaminomethyl-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde oxime and 3-tert-butyl-5- dihexylaminomethyl-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde oxime have sufficient solubility to be effective reagents. The former extracts CuCl2 and ZnCl2 in a highly efficient manner, with one mole of metal salt extracted per mole of ligand, twice the expected capacity. X-ray structure determination of complexes of the related ligand 5-tertbutyl- 2-hydroxy-3-piperidin-1-ylmethylbenzaldehyde oxime defines the binding mode, with the chloride anions bound to the inner sphere of the metal cations. Loading and stripping experiments show it to be an extractant with potential commercial application. Cation and anion selectivity of the two extractants defined above is the focus of Chapter 5, which begins with an overview of techniques and attempts to attenuate the Hofmeister bias, the main factor in the selective extraction of hydrophilic anions into organic media. pH loading profiles show the 3- dihexylaminomethyl isomer to be an effective CuCl2 and CuSO4 extractant, but the cation extractive efficacy of the 5-isomer is hampered by the 3-tert-butyl group. Both ligands are found to be selective for Cl- > SO4 2-, following the Hofmeister bias. Further information on anion binding is provided by solid state structures of copper salt complexes, showing that in all cases the copper(II) cation interacts in some way with the anion. Cation extraction is affected significantly by the anion present, with FeIII selectively extracted against CuII in the presence of SO4 2- which is consistent with cation-anion interactions having great influence on the overall stability of the ligand-metal salt assembly.
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Mwewa, Brian. "Upgrading of PGM-rich leach residue by high pressure caustic leaching." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97876.

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Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: There is a lack of clear understanding of the rate of selenium (Se), arsenic (As) and sulphur (S) dissolution during caustic (NaOH) batch leaching of PGM-rich leach residue in the presence of oxygen. This has been a limitation in the optimisation of hydrometallurgical processes for the upgrading of PGM concentrates before refining the precious metals. Conditions to improve the rate of leaching of amphoteric elements while minimizing PGM losses were examined to enhance the performance of the leaching process. Development of intrinsic leaching rate equations represent the core of the overall batch leaching model developed in this study. The robustness of the model was assessed by its ability to accurately simulate the effects of changing operating parameters on the reaction extents. The effects of the interfacial oxygen mass transfer rate and temperature on the leaching rates were therefore also included in the overall model. The first part of the experimental program focussed on the interfacial oxygen mass transfer rate in the test autoclave. This enabled an accurate mathematical description of the interfacial mass transfer rate of the primary oxidant, diatomic oxygen (O2) molecule from the gas to the liquid phase. Mass transfer tests were conducted using the sodium sulphite method at 60°C, 100 kPa oxygen partial pressure and agitation speed of between 500 to 1000 rev/min. Cobalt(II) was used as the catalyst with a concentration range of 1 to 5 mg/L. Oxidation of amphoteric elements was investigated by leaching of PGM-rich leach residue (residue from sulphuric acid leaching of converter matte) in caustic solution. The test work was conducted to determine the intrinsic leaching rates in 0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 mol/L NaOH solutions in the 160° to 190°C temperatures range over a period of 6 hours. Oxygen partial pressure was maintained at 11 atm in the factorial experiments. The effect of oxygen partial pressure was quantified by conducting tests with oxygen partial pressure ranging from 7 to 16 atm. The intrinsic rate constants and activation energies derived from this test work were incorporated in the overall kinetic model to simulate the batch leaching profiles under real plant conditions. During the caustic pressure oxidation of amphoteric elements, the rate of oxidation was rapid during the first 10 minutes and decreased steadily over the course of experiment. The experimental results suggest that the oxidation kinetics are controlled by product layer diffusion with sulphur, selenium and arsenic (Arrhenius) activation energies of 31.8 kJ/mol, 26.1 kJ/mol and 10.7 kJ/mol respectively over the temperature range of 160 to 190°C. The reaction mechanism, as well as the observed kinetic behaviour, is most likely due to the base metal/PGMs hydroxide layer that formed as a result of precipitation. An increase in temperature increased the sulphur and arsenic reaction rates. The selenium reaction rate also increased as the temperature was increased from 160 to 175°C. A further increase in temperature above 175°C did not yield a significant increase in the reaction rate. An increase in the caustic concentration increased the reaction rates of all the elements. Increased oxygen partial pressure also improved the reaction rates, with the most significant change observed for sulphur oxidation; the extent of sulphur oxidation increased from 75 to 85% when oxygen partial pressure was increased from 7 to 16 atm. Reaction orders of 0.25, 0.12 and 0.21 with respect to hydroxide concentration and 0.37, 0.29 and 0.36 with respect to dissolved oxygen concentration were obtained for sulphur, selenium and arsenic respectively. Kinetic models were developed for sulphur, selenium and arsenic extraction. The sulphur and selenium simulation gave better agreement between the experimental and model predicted values, while the arsenic simulation gave a relatively poor prediction of the extractions. The caustic concentration had a notable effect on the dissolution of the PGMs. An increase in the caustic concentration increased the dissolution of platinum, palladium and ruthenium. Ruthenium dissolution also increased with an increase in temperature. To the contrary, platinum and palladium dissolution decreased with an increase in temperature. Rhodium and iridium precipitated and did not report in the solution phase while osmium could not be traced. The oxygen partial pressure did not have a significant effect on the dissolution rate of platinum, palladium and ruthenium.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Daar is ‘n tekort aan die begrip van die tempo van seleen (Se), arseen (As) en swawel (S) oplosbaarheid gedurende bytsoda (NaOH) enkelladingsloging van platinum groep metaal (PGM)-ryk oorskot materiaal in die teenwoordigheid van suurstof. Hierdie inligting word benodig wanneer die optimisering van tipiese hidrometallurgiese prosesse wat PGM oorskot materiaal opgradeer verlang word. Hierdie bytsoda druklogingsproses vind tipies voor raffinering van die PGM metale plaas. Kondisies wat die tempo van amfoteriese element-loging verbeter, terwyl die PGM verliese geminimaliseer word, was in hierdie werk geondersoek om sodoende die effektiwiteit van die logingsproses te verbeter. Die ontwikkeling van intrinsieke logingtempo vergelykings vorm die kern van die algemene enkelladingsloging model wat ontwikkel was. Die robuustheid van hierdie model word geevalueer op sy vermoë om akkuraat die effekte van veranderende bedryfstelsel parameters op die logingstempo van betrokke reaksies te simuleer. Die effekte van suurstof tussenvlak massaoordrag en temperatuur was ook in die algehele model ingesluit. Die eerste deel van die eksperimentele program het gefokus op die suurstof tussenvlak massaoordrag in die outoklaaf. ‘n Akkurate wiskundige model wat die massaoordrag van die primêre oksidant, diatomiese suurstof (O2), van die gas fase na die vloeistof fase beskryf, was gebruik om die suurstof oordragtempo te kwantifiseer. Suurstof massaoordrag toetse het van die natrium sulfiet metode gebruik gemaak by 60°C, 100 kPa suurstof parsiële druk en tussen 500 en 1000 rev/min roerspoed. Kobalt(II) het gedien as katalis wat tussen 1 tot 5 mg/L gevarieer was. Die amfoteriese element oksidasie was volgende ondersoek deur die PGM-ryk oorskot materiaal te loog met bytsoda (wat stroomop onderwerp was aan swawelsuur loging van omskakelaar mat). Die toetswerk wou die intrinsieke logingtempo’s met 0.125, 0.25 en 0.5 mol/L NaOH oplossings by temperature 160 en 190°C oor 6 uur residensie tyd vasstel. Die suurstof parsiële druk was konstant gehou op 11 atm in hierdie faktoriale eksperimente. Die effek van suurstof parsiële druk was apart vasgestel, deur die suurstof parsiële druk te varieër vanaf 6 tot 16 atm. Die intrinsieke tempokonstantes en aktiveringsenergieë wat in hierdie toetswerk afgelei is, was in ‘n algehele kinetiese model ingekorporeer wat die enkellading logingsprofiele gesimuleer het by aanleg kondisies. Die tempo van oksidasie was vinnig in die eerste 10 minute en het geleidelik afgeplat, gedurende die bytsoda druk oksidasie van amfoteriese elemente. Die eksperimentele resultate suggereer dat produklaagdiffusie die oksidasie kinetika beheer met swawel, seleen en arseen (Arrhenius) aktiveringsenergieë as volg bereken in die temperatuur interval 160 tot 190°C: 31.8 kJ/mol, 26.1 kJ/mol en 10.7 kJ/mol. Die reaksie meganisme en kinetiese gedrag word hoogs waarskynlik veroorsaak deur die onedelmetaal/PGM hidroksied laag wat deur middel van presipitasie gevorm het. Temperatuur toename het die swawel en arseen se reaksietempo’s verhoog. Met seleen het die reaksietempo met temperatuur toename tussen 160 en 175°C ook verhoog, maar afplatting het by 175°C opwaarts plaasgevind. Oor die algemeen het die bytsoda konsentrasie die amfoteriese elemente se reaksietempo’s verhoog. Die verhoging van die suurstof parsiële druk het ook die reaksietempo’s verhoog. Swawel oksidasie het van 75 tot 85% verhoog vanaf 6 tot 16 atm, wat die mees noemenswaardige verandering was. Swawel, seleen en arseen reaksieordes van 0.25, 0.12 en 0.21 met hidroksied konsentrasie en 0.37, 0.29 en 0.36 met opgeloste suurstof konsentrasie het die beste paslyn op die eksperimentele data tot gevolg gehad. Hierdie data was gebruik om die kinetiese modelle van swawel, seleen en arseen ekstraksie te ontwikkel. Terwyl swawel en seleen ‘n goeie paslyn vir die eksperimentele data tot gevolg gehad het, kon passing van arseen ekstraksie nie ‘n goeie model oplewer nie. Varierende bytsoda konsentrasie het ‘n noemenswaardige effek op die PGM ontbinding gehad. Wanneer die bytsoda se konsentrasie vermeerder word, los daar meer platinum, palladium en rutenium op. Rutenium ontbinding het tydens ‘n temperatuur toename verhoog. In kontras het platinum en palladium ontbinding velaag tydens temperatuur toename. Rodium en iridium het gepresipiteer en was nie ontbind nie. Osmium kon nie gemeet word nie. Die suurstof parsiële druk het nie ‘n noemenswaardige effek op platinum, palladium en rutenium ontbinding gehad nie.
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Bezuidenhout, Chandon. "An electrochemical reduction process for the recovery of copper powder from a refinery effluent stream." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24393.

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In recent years a significant amount of research has gone into the development of a feed pretreatment process for the concentrate refined at Anglo American Platinum's Precious Metals Refiners (PMR). Such a process has the potential to significantly simplify the downstream refining process and reduce the number of unit processes required for purification. One of the considered options involves a high temperature oxidative roast process followed by a high temperature hydrochlorination process to volatilise base metal chlorides and other impurities. The resulting precious group metal (PGM) concentrate is cleaner and thus requires significantly less process steps to final product. The off-gas from hydrochlorination contains predominantly silver, copper, nickel and iron. This off-gas undergoes a quench-scrub to condense the base metal chlorides. The quench-scrub liquor undergoes a dechlorination process with sulfuric acid to precipitate AgCl(s). The filtrate from this process then undergoes an electrochemical reduction process to recover copper metal concentrate. The objectives of this study were to: i. Determine the operating conditions for an electrochemical reduction process aimed at recovering copper as a copper powder from a sulfuric acid stream containing copper, nickel and iron. ii. Develop a conceptual flowsheet for a batch electrochemical process and estimate the capital cost and operating cost.
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Nesbitt, Allan Bernard. "A study of the decay of acid cationic ion exchange resin." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24496.

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A study was undertaken on the decay of acid ion exchange resin from both a qualitative and quantitative perspective. The qualitative study concentrated on observing the impact on resin strength of varying electrolyte concentrations and varying di-vinyl benzene contents, during the loading phase. The phenomenon of osmotic shock in addition to resin cracking and swelling is clearly observed. A further qualitative study bore out the change in resin rigidity as the resin is artificially degraded through repeated loadings and regenerations performed by using a specially constructed device that cyclically loads and regenerates resin up to 1000 times in a three week period. Loss of resin rigidity was observed under these circumstances and was measured by means of observing changes in degree of swelling/contraction and changes in translucence. Quantitative study of the resin was limited to its characterisation through measurement of the equilibrium through the Mass-Action Law, capacity and resin kinetics. A study, of existing kinetic rigorous modelling methods and in particular the extensively published challenge of the multiple mechanism adsorption process, was undertaken. A rigorous model, that divorces the external and internal mass-transport parameters from the traditionally utilised lumped parameter, is proposed. All kinetic measurements were performed in a 1 litre closed circuit (finite system) consisting of a variable-pump, a five mL zero length column (ZLC) and a reservoir, allowing for the insertion of probes and sample extraction. An original method of model simulation for the purposes of fitting to kinetic data was developed and consists of determining the resin surface concentration from flux data assuming the applicability of Newton's Law of Cooling to the ionic flux through the external laminar layer. Simulation of flux inside the resin was achieved by assuming an internal homogeneous environment and the applicability of the Nernst-Plank equation that combines transport effects of both Fick's Law of Diffusion and inter-ion electrical forces to the flux of both the adsorbing and desorbing ions simultaneously, during the transient adsorption process.
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Books on the topic "Hydrometallurgy"

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Free, Michael L. Hydrometallurgy. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88087-3.

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Free, Michael L. Hydrometallurgy. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118732465.

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Hydrometallurgy, International Symposium on Computational Analysis in. Computational analysis in hydrometallurgy: 35th Annual Hydrometallurgy Meeting. Montreal, QC: Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum, 2007.

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Habashi, Fathi. Textbook of hydrometallurgy. Sainte-Foy, Québec: Métallurgie extractive Québec, 1993.

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Gupta, C. K. Hydrometallurgy in extraction processes. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1990.

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Young, Courtney, Akram Alfantazi, Corby Anderson, Amy James, David Dreisinger, and Bryn Harris, eds. Electrometallurgy and Environmental Hydrometallurgy. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118804407.

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1945-, Mukherjee T. K., ed. Hydrometallurgy in extraction processes. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 1990.

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1940-, Dutrizac J. E., and Monhemius A. J. 1942-, eds. Iron control in hydrometallurgy. Chichester: E. Horwood, 1986.

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1921-, Cooper W. Charles, Dreisinger D. B. 1958-, Peters Ernest 1926-, and Ernest Peters International Symposium (1992 : Vancouver, B.C.), eds. Hydrometallurgy: Theory and practice. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1992.

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1921-, Cooper W. Charles, Dreisinger D. B. 1958-, Peters Ernest 1926-, and Ernest Peters International Symposium (1992 : Vancouver, B.C.), eds. Hydrometallurgy: Theory and practice. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hydrometallurgy"

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Gomez, Carlos Frias. "Hydrometallurgy." In Encyclopedia of Mineral and Energy Policy, 1–8. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40871-7_28-1.

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Tao, Qi, and Xu Kuangdi. "Hydrometallurgy." In The ECPH Encyclopedia of Mining and Metallurgy, 1–4. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0740-1_1415-1.

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Shamsuddin, Mohammad. "Hydrometallurgy." In Physical Chemistry of Metallurgical Processes, Second Edition, 429–529. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58069-8_11.

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Frias Gomez, Carlos. "Hydrometallurgy." In Encyclopedia of Mineral and Energy Policy, 328–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-47493-8_28.

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Xiangrong, Xia, Zhu Shoukang, Yang Wenheng, and Xu Kuangdi. "Copper Hydrometallurgy." In The ECPH Encyclopedia of Mining and Metallurgy, 1–2. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0740-1_578-1.

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Evans, James W., and Lutgard C. De Jonghe. "Hydrometallurgy and Electrometallurgy." In The Production and Processing of Inorganic Materials, 281–320. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48163-0_9.

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Lakshmanan, V. I., M. A. Halim, and Shiv Vijayan. "Chemical Processing: Hydrometallurgy." In Innovative Process Development in Metallurgical Industry, 91–108. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21599-0_5.

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Rai, J. P. N., and Shweta Saraswat. "Hydrometallurgy and Biomining." In Green Technologies for Waste Management, 247–73. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003279136-12.

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Adjemian, Alain. "EU R&D activity and strategy for sustainable development in the mineral industries." In Hydrometallurgy ’94, 3–11. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1214-7_1.

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Swash, P. M., and A. J. Monhemius. "Hydrothermal precipitation from aqueous solutions containing iron(III), arsenate and sulphate." In Hydrometallurgy ’94, 177–90. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1214-7_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Hydrometallurgy"

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"Hydrometallurgy and bioprocessing." In The 8th International Mineral Processing Symposium. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203747117-87.

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Sudibyo, A. Junaedi, A. S. Handoko, U. Herlina, Darmansyah, and T. Wiranti. "The laterite hydrometallurgy wastewater treatment using electrocoagulation method." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON METALLURGY AND MATERIALS (ISMM2019): Exploring New Innovation in Metallurgy and Materials. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0001934.

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Ferrarese, Andre, Elio Augusto Kumoto, Luciana Assis Gobo, Amilton Barbosa Botelho Junior, Jorge Alberto Soares Tenório, and Denise Espinosa. "FLEXIBLE HYDROMETALLURGY PROCESS FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE BATTERY RECYCLING." In SAE BRASIL 2022 Congress. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2022-36-0072.

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Solozhenkin, P., V. Nebera, N. Lyalikova-Medvedeva, and V. Larin. "Biomodification of mineral surfaces in mineral processing and hydrometallurgy." In The 8th International Mineral Processing Symposium. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203747117-110.

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Takaya, Yutaro, Koichiro Fujinaga, and Yasuhiro Kato. "HYDROMETALLURGY METHOD OF REY-RICH MUD - CHEMICAL LEACHING AND SEPARATION -." In 113th Annual GSA Cordilleran Section Meeting - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017cd-292767.

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Sudibyo, Darmansyah, A. Junaedi, A. S. Handoko, F. K. Mufakhir, F. Nurjaman, M. Amin, Y. I. Supriyatna, S. Sumardi, and P. Salsabila. "Nickel recovery from electrocoagulation sludge of hydrometallurgy wastewater using electrowinning." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON METALLURGY AND MATERIALS (ISMM2019): Exploring New Innovation in Metallurgy and Materials. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0001929.

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Xiaoqing, Zhu. "Hydrometallurgy Process Control Based on Optimization Hierarchy and Fieldbus Technologies." In 2010 International Conference on Electrical and Control Engineering (ICECE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icece.2010.287.

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Lu, Jiawei, Aimin An, Yuwei Qin, and Qianqian Wang. "Modeling of Electrowinning Process in Zinc Hydrometallurgy Based on COMSOL." In 2022 8th International Conference on Control Science and Systems Engineering (ICCSSE). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccsse55346.2022.10079791.

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"Cobalt and Nickel Separation in Hydrometallurgy using Clinoptilolite as Ion- Exchanger." In Nov. 27-28, 2017 South Africa. EARES, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/eares.eap1117002.

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Liu, Yan, Fuli Wang, Yuqing Chang, and Shuyu Cai. "Operating performance assessment based on GMM-GPR for gold hydrometallurgy processes." In 2018 Chinese Control And Decision Conference (CCDC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccdc.2018.8407679.

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