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Journal articles on the topic 'Hydropower Generation Facilities'
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Abdikadir Mohamoud, Mohamed, and Gözen Elkiran. "The range of hydropower projects and their effects on the environment." Future Technology 2, no. 3 (2023): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.55670/fpll.futech.2.3.3.
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A Peak load capacity of hydropower facilities has become more necessary as electricity grids have expanded. The ratio of power demands during peak times to those during off-peak times has increased in several power plant systems. One way to meet the rising need for affordable peak power is by using reversible pump turbines. Depending on the sorts of facilities used to generate hydropower, there are several types of hydropower plants. We'll talk about the most efficient and reliable hydropower sources, as well as various hydropower plant types based on the varied hydropower generation facilities, which will be the subject of this review investigation.
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Fedorov, M. P. "Ecological safety of the new generation of hydropower facilities." Hydrotechnical Construction 24, no. 10 (1990): 625–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01429338.
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Bhandari, Achyut, Keshav Basnet, Nisha Pokharel, Kishor Kumar Shrestha, and Nirmal Prasad Baral. "Assessment of the Multi Functionality of a Small Hydropower Project at Padhu Khola, Kaski, Nepal." Technical Journal 2, no. 1 (2020): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/tj.v2i1.32827.
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Nepal has not utilized the potential of the water resources to the full extent. Systematic and wise development of such resources is of paramount importance for enjoying the maximum possible benefits. This study focused on the needs, challenges, and opportunities of new multifunctional small hydropower projects in Nepal. This study on Padhu Khola shows the possibility of incorporating other facilities along with hydropower for the locality’s socio-economic development. The selection of the best layout of the hydropower generation and distribution of other hydropower components showed that the stream Padhu Khola had a power potential of 1 MW. The economic analysis resulted in the benefit-cost ratio of freshwater aquaculture, drinking water plants to be 1.98 and 1.97 respectively. Other facilities like forestry, local employment facilities, and tourism development were found feasible and practicable.
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Lee, Chang-Man, and Jong-Gyeum Kim. "Establishment of Micro Hydropower Power Generation Facilities in Mountain Areas." Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 70, no. 11 (2021): 1685–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/kiee.2021.70.11.1685.
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Matus, Svitlana, Mirosław Wasilewski, Tomasz Włodarczyk, and Serhiy Zabolotnyy. "Socioeconomic impact of the war on the hydropower sector of Ukraine." Turystyka i Rozwój Regionalny, no. 22 (December 5, 2024): 97–106. https://doi.org/10.22630/tirr.2024.22.21.
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The invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, caused significant military damage to the hydropower sector, critical for energy security and economic development. The article provided an overview of the Ukrainian hydropower sector and the war’s socioeconomic impact on it in 2022-2024. Based on open source data, the research focused on large and small hydropower facilities, examining their roles in electricity generation, stability of the unified energy system of Ukraine, and water supply. The authors’ findings offer insights into the extent of damage for policymakers, scientists, and sector experts.
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Gallego-Castillo, Cristobal, and Marta Victoria. "Improving Energy Transition Analysis Tool through Hydropower Statistical Modelling." Energies 14, no. 1 (2020): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14010098.
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Reservoir and pumped hydro storage facilities represent one of the best options for providing flexibility at low marginal cost and very low life cycle carbon emissions. However, hydropower generation is subject to physical, environmental and regulatory constraints, which introduce complexity in the modelling of hydropower in the context of transition energy analysis. In this article, a probabilistic model for hydropower generation is developed in order to improve an hourly-resolved tool for transition path analysis presented in previous research. The model is based on time series analysis, which exploits the fact that the different constraints affecting hydropower generation were met in the past. The upgraded version of the transition path analysis tool shows a decrease in the hydropower flexibility as compared with previous published results, providing a better picture of the benefits and drawbacks associated with a specific transition path under analysis, for example in terms of assessing the probability of unserved energy. The upgraded version of the tool was employed to analyse the Spanish National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP), finding consistence between proposals associated with the power system and related CO2 reduction and share of renewable electricity targets.
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Wu, Kuo-Chen, Jui-Chu Lin, Wen-Te Chang, Chia-Szu Yen, and Huang-Jie Fu. "Research and Analysis of Promotional Policies for Small Hydropower Generation in Taiwan." Energies 16, no. 13 (2023): 4882. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16134882.
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To achieve the net zero emission target by 2050, Taiwan is committed to promoting solar photovoltaic and offshore wind power. However, in order to ensure the stable supply of renewable energy, it should actively develop low-cost and mature base load renewable energy sources, such as small hydropower. By the end of 2021, Taiwan’s hydropower (excluding pumped storage hydropower) had a total installed capacity of 2094 MW, accounting for 18.6% of the overall renewable energy ratio, with an average growth rate of 0.05% from 2016 to 2021. It is mainly limited by the need for low environmental and ecological impact, so it is relatively difficult to install large-scale hydropower; therefore, Taiwan has turned to the development of environmentally friendly small hydropower generation. In order to actively develop small hydropower generation and resolve development concerns, Taiwan has established a “Small Hydropower and Renewable Energy Development Strategy Platform”. The current effective cases are mostly in the fields of the Taiwan Power Company, Water Resources Agency, and Council of Agriculture. The private sector has not yet shown its investment in the field. The reasons for this can be summarized as cumbersome administrative procedures, regulatory restrictions, insufficient economic incentives, and lack of technical capacity. The higher-level supervision mechanisms (such as the Executive Yuan level) are also the main key to whether small hydropower can be quickly promoted. In view of this, this study analyzes the current situation and policies to promote small hydropower generation policy recommendations through a literature review and comparison of international promotion experience. Some recommendations have also been incorporated into the newly revised Renewable Energy Development Act in 2023, such as relaxing the definition of small hydropower generation and incorporating water conservancy construction facilities that can be combined with power generation to improve site diversification. Other suggestions mentioned in the text can also be used as a reference for subsequent policy promotion in the future.
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Kasperek, Robert, and Mirosław Wiatkowski. "Hydropower Generation on The Nysa Klodzka River." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 21, no. 2 (2014): 327–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eces-2014-0025.
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Abstract Adopted in 2009, the Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources sets out the rules for how Poland is to achieve the 15% target of total primary energy from renewables by 2020. However, there are fears that the goals set out in this Directive may not be met. The share of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) in national energy consumption (150 TWh) is estimated at 8.6 TWh in 2009 and 12 TWh in 2011 (5.7 and 8% respectively). The level of RES in Poland until 2005 was approx. 7.2%. The analysis of RES technologies currently in use in Poland shows that in terms of the share in the total capacity, the 750 hydro-electric power plants which are currently in operation (with the overall capacity of almost 0.95 GW) are second only to wind power stations (2 GW). The authors have studied the Nysa Klodzka River in terms of possible locations for hydro-electric facilities. Eight locations have been identified where power plants might be constructed with installed capacities ranging from 319 to 1717 kW. The expected total annual electric power generation of these locations would stand at approx. 37.5 GWh.
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Sari, Dewi Puspita, Dendy Adanta, and Imam Syofii. "COMPREHENSIVE OVERVIEW OF HYDROPOWER TECHNOLOGY." Indonesian Journal of Engineering and Science 5, no. 3 (2024): 119–23. https://doi.org/10.51630/ijes.v5i3.157.
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This study provides a comprehensive overview of hydropower technology, tracing its historical evolution from ancient applications to modern developments. As the most established form of renewable energy, hydropower has significantly contributed to global energy demands. The chapter discusses the origins of hydropower in ancient civilizations, the transition to electricity generation in the late 19th century, and the massive growth of large dam constructions in the 20th century. Recent trends emphasize environmental considerations, leading to a focus on sustainable practices, innovative technologies, and smaller-scale systems such as run-of-the-river hydropower. The manuscript also highlights challenges, such as balancing energy production with ecological sustainability, and underscores the importance of community engagement and regulatory frameworks. Ultimately, the text advocates for the modernization of existing facilities and the integration of hydropower with other renewable energy sources to enhance sustainability and contribute to a resilient energy future.
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Leguizamon-Perilla, Aldemar, Juan S. Rodriguez-Bernal, Laidi Moralez-Cruz, et al. "Digitalisation and Modernisation of Hydropower Operating Facilities to Support the Colombian Energy Mix Flexibility." Energies 16, no. 7 (2023): 3161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16073161.
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Hydropower plants cover almost 70% of the Colombian electrical demand, were built several decades ago, and present low levels of digitisation compared to other modern power-generation technologies, e.g., wind turbines, solar PV plants, and recently buil hydroelectric plants t. Renovating power plant equipment and investing in modernisation and digitisation can significantly increase the plant flexibility. Those actions will increase a plant’s operational safety and contribute to the solution of environmental and social problems. This work presents the actions followed to extend the lifetime of a 1000 MW hydropower plant operating for more than 40 years. Activities included a residual life status evaluation of generators and component upgrades, among others. The rehabilitation and digitalisation of the generation units allow their integration and remote monitoring so that diagnostic actions can be carried out during a continuous and economically sustainable operation. These activities complement the plan implemented by the company during the last decade to ensure the plant’s operation for another 50 years and its respective integration with nonconventional generation systems at the national level. Besides the generator’s life extension, the main result of rewinding is an increase in the Minimum Breakdown Voltage by almost 140% (from 38.4 kV to 95.6 kV) with respect to the current operation state, ensuring its operation for the following years.
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Ramos, Helena M., Avin Dadfar, Mohsen Besharat, and Kemi Adeyeye. "Inline Pumped Storage Hydropower towards Smart and Flexible Energy Recovery in Water Networks." Water 12, no. 8 (2020): 2224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12082224.
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Energy and climate change are thoroughly linked since fossil energy generation highly affects the environment, and climate change influences the renewable energy generation capacity. Hence, this study gives a new contribution to the energy generation in water infrastructures by means of an inline pumped-storage hydro (IPSH) solution. The selection of the equipment is the first step towards good results. The energy generation through decentralized micro-hydropower facilities can offer a good solution since they are independent of the hydrologic cycle associated with climate change. The current study presents the methodology and analyses to use water level difference between water tanks or reservoirs in a base pumping system (BPS) to transform it into the concept of a pump-storage hydropower solution. The investigation was developed based on an experimental facility and numerical simulations using WaterGEMS in the optimization of the system operation and for the selection of the characteristic curves, both for the pump and turbine modes. The model simulation of the integrated system was calibrated, and the conceptual IPSH that can be installed was then investigated. The achieved energy for different technical scale systems was estimated using proper dimensional analysis applied to different scaled hydraulic circuits, as well as for hydropower response.
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Sasges, Gerard, and Alan D. Ziegler. "We Have Eaten the Rivers: The Past, Present, and Unsustainable Future of Hydroelectricity in Vietnam." Sustainability 15, no. 11 (2023): 8969. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15118969.
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Vietnam has one of the most intensively energy-exploited riverscapes in Asia with at least 720 hydropower facilities of various capacities currently in operation or in some stage of construction. These facilities represent about 26 GW of installed capacity. This degree of domestic exploitation is often overshadowed by the geopolitically contested manipulation of the waters of the international Mekong River. In contrast, the utilization of Vietnam’s hydropower resources has unfolded gradually and largely unremarked for more than half a century. This perspective argues that the harnessing of rivers and streams for electricity generation is the result of not only the country’s abundant hydrologic resources, but also its history, culture, and (geo)politics. The paper traces the processes that have produced this high level of river exploitation, its ambiguous history, and the uncertain future of hydropower in Vietnam in the context of sustainability. Further, the renewed interest in dam-building in recent years is part of a “theater of decarbonization” that masks the operation of powerful domestic and international lobbies with an interest in “heavy engineering” projects that will do little to meet the nation’s rapidly growing electricity needs but will likely incur detrimental ecological and sociological impacts. The paper ends by positing that rather than forging ahead with the construction of additional small hydropower facilities, a more ecologically and socially equitable policy could instead critically examine the sustainability of existing capabilities, resolve the factors limiting the development of other renewable sources of energy, and face the fundamental challenge of curbing energy use.
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Sizov, Andrei Andreevich. "Development of hydropower generation as a factor of the international agenda." Международные отношения, no. 3 (March 2023): 81–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0641.2023.3.43535.
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The subject of the article is the development of global hydropower generation as an integral part of the international energy agenda. The introduction of hydropower generation technologies meets the main challenges of the global energy market, contributes to increasing energy efficiency and saving resources, represents a great potential for solving global problems: creating an energy base for economic development in developing countries, increasing domestic production, stabilizing the social situation, reducing dependence on hydrocarbons, reducing carbon dioxide emissions, increasing energy security. The development of hydropower contributes to increasing the stability of the global energy infrastructure, allows us to achieve the clearest correspondence between the needs of the energy system and the volume of electricity generation. The scientific novelty of the work lies, first of all, in its macroeconomic nature. The main conclusion of the study is that hydrogenation plays a significant role on the international agenda, contributing to the achievement of sustainable development goals, combating climate change and ensuring energy stability and economic development. Hydroelectric power plants allow states to increase their independence and mitigate the consequences of rising energy prices. In the conditions of modern energy transition, hydrogenation can be considered as the optimal solution to two seemingly contradictory problems: ensuring the possibility of economic development, improving living standards, and reducing anthropogenic impact on the environment. The most important development of hydropower is seen for the countries of the Global South, which are in conditions of permanent energy shortage. The development of this direction of electric generation will create a long-term stable basis for economic and social development, real economic decolonization, smoothing out the global imbalances of inequality of opportunities. The multiplicative economic effect of hydroelectric projects both at the stage of construction and operation of facilities is interesting, as well as the investment attractiveness of hydroelectric power as at the same time the cheapest, relatively predictable and environmentally friendly energy source corresponding to ESG certificates. The results obtained can be used to develop solutions in the field of hydropower in Russia, including in the field of the country's foreign policy.
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Numata, Masako, Masahiro Sugiyama, Wunna Swe, and Daniel del Barrio Alvarez. "Willingness to Pay for Renewable Energy in Myanmar: Energy Source Preference." Energies 14, no. 5 (2021): 1505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14051505.
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The increased use of renewable energy is imperative as a countermeasure to climate change. As with conventional electricity generation technologies, public acceptance of renewables is an important issue, and willingness to pay (WTP) is a widely used indicator to assess such public attitudes. Unfortunately, the literature to date mostly covers developed countries, with few WTP surveys in developing countries. Tackling climate change is an urgent issue for these developing countries; therefore, understanding of public attitudes toward renewables in developing countries is crucial. This study conducted the first survey on WTP for introducing renewable energy in Myanmar. Although Myanmar boasts abundant renewable energy resources, including solar power and biomass in addition to large-scale hydro plants, its resources are not being properly utilized to generate electricity. This study surveyed WTP for power generation by solar photovoltaics, small hydropower, and biomass facilities. The results showed the highest WTP for solar power (USD 1.92) with 10% share in the energy mix, and lower WTP for biomass and small hydropower electricity generations (USD 1.13 and USD 1.17, respectively). Careful public communication is thus crucial for expanding biomass and small-scale hydro power plants.
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Bakiş, Recep. "Electricity Generation from Existing Multipurpose Dams in Turkey." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 23, no. 6 (2005): 495–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/014459805776986911.
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The aim of this article is to investigate the hydropower potential of multipurpose dams constructed with the purpose of supplying irrigation, domestic water supply, flood control, navigation, recreation, sanitation, and wildlife conservation but not for electricity generation in Turkey. One of the functions of multipurpose dams is to produce electricity when released water from the reservoir. More than 1175 dams in various sizes and types have been constructed so far in Turkey and according to the International Commission on Large Dams (ICOLD) definition, 555 dams have already been in operation by 2005. At the present research, out of 1175 dams, 78 multipurpose dams with an installed capacity less than 20 MW still in operation can be rehabilitated as small hydropower facilities. For this purpose, existing 78 of multipurpose dams which do not generate electricity so far have been investigated. By using these existing multipurpose dams, only minor new civil works and ready-to-use turbine generator are required, which reduces the cost of electricity generation. It has been calculated that the electricity generation using this potential is 1090.89 GWh/yr with 287.83 MW installed capacity. This potential will add an important monetary value to Turkish economy.
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Yang, Xiaofan. "Analysis of the Principle and Facilities of Generators and Motor." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 72 (December 15, 2023): 660–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/pcc18d81.
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As a matter of fact, for motors, the new energy vehicle industry that is forced to develop due to the environment is an industry that rarely develops again in modern society. This paper introduces the application of different kinds of motor and generator in modern society and its development trend. Although the motors currently used have not been able to make new energy vehicles have the same power and durability as traditional fuel vehicles, if the algorithm and internal assembly method proposed recently can be implemented, this will be of great help to new energy vehicles to reduce energy consumption. On the generator side, people's consumption of electricity is in a growing trend, but in China's view, the total amount of power generation is in decline. The reason is also the concept of reducing greenhouse gas emissions in modern society, and the market for thermal power generation is gradually shrinking, while the market for pollution-free hydropower and wind power is gradually increasing.
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Konovalov, Yuriy, and Elene Gubiy. "THE POTENTIAL OF RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF SIBERIA." Scientific Papers Collection of the Angarsk State Technical University 2022, no. 1 (2022): 158–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36629/2686-7788-2022-1-158-162.
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The use of both main and alternative energy sources to ensure energy security is considered. The incentives for the development of renewable energy in the conditions of Siberia have been determined. The analysis of the potential for the use of cogeneration plants, small hydropower facilities, solar energy, wind energy, the use of low-grade heat and bioenergy has been carried out. The prerequisites for increasing the capacity of renewable energy generation are determined
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Harold, David Cuadros Tejeda, Cuellar Yohen, S. Chiriví Salomón J., and Guevara Marco. "GHG diffuse emissions estimation, and energy security to ENSO using MERRA-2 for largely hydroelectricity-based system." Revista Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia, no. 91 (April 4, 2019): 70–82. https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.redin.n91a07.
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In Colombia, hydropower share was 70 % of the total installed capacity and more than 50 % of the monthly generation share in 2015, which coincided with the strongest El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon reported in the region. ENSO has been recognized as an influential climate pattern on meteorological variables. The generation via hydropower implies the construction of dams and water reservoirs; these flooded areas generate an important amount of Green House Gases (GHG). In this regard, the main aim of this research was to quantify the diffusing emissions of CO2 and CH4 in the flooded areas of the main hydroelectric power generation facilities in Colombia. GHG emissions were calculated by the implementation of an IPCC methodology. The obtained results show that more than 1,042,500 t CO2-Eq (i.e. CO2 and CH4) are emitted in Colombia per year from this source, representing 4.4 % of the total GHG emissions in the country. As the second aim, the vulnerability of Colombia’s energy independence, in terms of power supply to ENSO and climate change was analyzed using the MERRA-2 dataset from NASA, for the years between 2010 and 2017.
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van Dijk, Marco, Stefanus Johannes van Vuuren, Giovanna Cavazzini, Chantel Monica Niebuhr, and Alberto Santolin. "Optimizing Conduit Hydropower Potential by Determining Pareto-Optimal Trade-Off Curve." Sustainability 14, no. 13 (2022): 7876. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14137876.
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In numerous locations of bulk water supply/distribution systems, energy is dissipated by pressure-reducing devices, whereas it could be recovered by means of turbines or pumps as turbines. These pipe systems, owned and operated by municipalities, water utilities, large water-consuming industries, and mines, could be used as a source of renewable sustainable energy. However, the exploitation of these systems presents several issues related to the complexity of the operational optimization of the hydropower generation facilities and to the potential negative impact on the reliability of the system itself. We have developed a novel procedure to optimize the energy generation in such a conduit system by assessing the interrelationship of storage volumes, demand patterns, operating cycles, and electricity tariff structures. The procedure is a multi-objective genetic algorithm designed to provide a solution to maximize electricity generation and thus revenue and to minimize the risk involved in supplying the demand. A Pareto-optimal trade-off curve is set up, indicating the potential benefit (revenue) versus the reliability index (supply security). The results indicate that a Pareto-optimal trade-off curve was generated from which a solution could be selected which would improve the weekly revenue by up to 7.5%, while still providing a reliable water supply system.
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Zakirova, Elmira R. "ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF MODERNIZING OLD POWER PLANT." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 5/8, no. 158 (2025): 92–99. https://doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2025.05.08.010.
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Modernization of outdated power plants is an economically viable tool for improving the efficiency and reliability of the energy system under investment constraints and growing technological risks. Upgrading equipment, automating processes, and implementing energy-efficient solutions significantly reduce operating costs, extend asset life, and enhance the competitiveness of generating capacities in the electricity market. The article outlines key economic advantages of thermal and hydropower plant reconstruction, including reduced specific fuel consumption, lower accident rates, tariff optimization, and improved environmental compliance. It also highlights institutional and strategic benefits such as reduced dependence on imported equipment, extended investment cycles, and minimized infrastructure risks in regional energy systems. The article substantiates the priority of funding modernization projects over the costly construction of new generation facilities.
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Karakatsanis, Diamantis, Thomas Patsialis, Kyriaki Kalaitzidou, et al. "Optimization of Dam Operation and Interaction with Groundwater: An Overview Focusing on Greece." Water 15, no. 21 (2023): 3852. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15213852.
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The optimization of dam operations to transform them into multi-objective facilities constitutes a challenge for both hydrology, hydrogeology, and hydropower generation. However, the use of the optimal algorithm for such transformation is critically important. Additionally, the literature has highlighted that dams might negatively influence the recharge of groundwater. Within this study, we provide an overview of the available algorithms for the optimization of dam operations. Additionally, an overview focusing on hydropower generation in Greece illustrates the high potential of the Mediterranean region for hydropower generation and the application of MAR. The water quality of the reservoirs is also highlighted as a critical parameter. Within this study, we present indices for water quality monitoring in dam reservoirs, while the most prevailing index is the SRDD. This study constitutes a guide for researchers in choosing the optimal tools for the optimization of dam operations and the water quality monitoring of reservoirs. The present study suggests a meta-heuristic optimization methodology using the harmony search algorithm. The model uses a geometric model of the reservoir and calculates the level–supply curve. Furthermore, a multi-criteria optimization model was developed with two objective functions: the maximum power output from the hydroelectric power plant turbines and the optimal groundwater recharge. The model with appropriate parameter modifications can be applied to any small dam as it is a decision- and policy-making methodology, independent of local conditions. A further step is the application of these approaches dealing with field data and the numerical modeling of case studies. The interdisciplinary approach of this study links deferent aspect and scientific perceptions, providing a comprehensive guide to optimal water resource management and environmental sustainability.
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van Dijk, Marco, Dogan Gezer, and Pavel Rudolf. "Unlocking Hydropower’s Potential: Retrofitting Infrastructure and Harnessing Unconventional Sources for Clean Energy Transitions." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1442, no. 1 (2025): 012006. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1442/1/012006.
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Abstract Hydropower holds a pivotal role within the water-energy nexus for facilitating the clean energy transition, particularly in unconventional and retrofit opportunities. As a renewable energy source, hydropower contributes to decarbonizing the energy sector while simultaneously supporting water management objectives. By integrating hydropower generation into existing infrastructure such as water supply systems, weirs, irrigation networks, and wastewater treatment facilities, synergies can be leveraged to optimize resource utilization and enhance system resilience. This further offers some options for diversifying the electricity mix and speeding up the clean energy transition. However, the complex interaction between water availability and energy production necessitates careful planning and adaptive strategies to mitigate risks associated with climate variability and changing demand patterns. Unlocking the potential of hydropower through these unconventional and retrofitting opportunities is thus instrumental in advancing sustainability goals and ensuring the success of clean energy transitions in the face of various challenges. By leveraging existing infrastructure and exploring innovative solutions, countries stand to significantly enhance its energy resilience and reduce its carbon footprint. Moreover, such initiatives align with broader international objectives, including the Paris Agreement’s vision of transitioning to a zero-emission society by 2050 and the European Union’s FIT for 55 targets. Under these considerations, this paper seeks to explore the potential of retrofitting existing infrastructure and harnessing unconventional hydropower sources with examples in Czechia, South Africa and Türkiye to address electricity shortages, mitigate carbon emissions, and contribute to the broader clean energy transition agenda. The insights gained from this analysis can inform policy frameworks, investment strategies, and technological innovations aimed at fostering sustainable energy practices.
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Zapata-Sierra, Antonio Jesús, and Francisco Manzano-Agugliaro. "Proposed methodology for evaluation of small hydropower sustainability in a Mediterranean climate." Journal of Cleaner Production 214 (January 3, 2019): 717–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.12.327.
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The Mediterranean region is characterised by a temperate climate and scarce water resources; therefore,minimum flows must be maintained in high mountain basins to ensure the sustainability of theecosystem. Small hydropower facilities allow for energy utilisation that is compatible with this goal. Amethodology has been proposed using historical climatic data to evaluate the percentage of regulationrequired in a basin according to its surface area and slope in order to guarantee a minimum percentage ofenergy supply. Two methods for hydroelectric generation by small hydropower facilities were analysedin this case study: dam-toe and diversion techniques. The model has been generalised according to thesurface area of the basin and the degree of regulation for application to this climate. Flows werecalculated from a 39-year series of climatic data using the hydrological calculation program HEC-HMSand its SMA tool, which is particularly suitable for this type of analysis. The model was adjusted usingrunoff data available for a river basin gauging station in the Sierra Nevada (Spain). In this case study, thehighest basins (above 1100m and with an area greater than 25 km2) were the most promising. Theusefulness of the proposed methodology was illustrated by assessing the effect of uncertainty through asensitivity analysis varying the precipitation of the area by 20%, both in defect and excess, and all this indifferent scenarios of channel regulation, from 25% to 100% of it. A model was developed based on theconditions in a Mediterranean climate to evaluate the sustainable use of water resources in highmountain areas for energy utilisation, while considering the cost of regulating the flow and guaranteeingsupply to the population. As the main conclusion of this study, basins above 1100m in altitude with anarea greater than 30 km2 are the most interesting for locating SHPs, and if the altitude is lower, basinswith an area greater than 60 km2 would be needed to obtain similar results. This research provides aguide for selecting the most suitable basins and heads for the selection of different small hydropowerfacilities. These considerations are important in many Mediterranean mountain systems, where conflictsoften arise between supporters on either side of the debate on renewable energy generation versus thepreservation of the ecosystem. Additionally, the main advantage of hydropower generation from anenvironmental point of view is to avoid the emission of greenhouse gases, which has a positive influenceon collective well-being.
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Song, Hojun, Yunji Kim, and Heena Yang. "Design and Optimization of an Alkaline Electrolysis System for Small-Scale Hydropower Integration." Energies 17, no. 1 (2023): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17010020.
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Alkaline electrolysis systems are currently considered to be suitable for large-scale hydrogen production. Previous research has primarily focused on integrating renewable energy sources such as solar and wind into water electrolysis systems. However, intermittent issues stemming from the sporadic nature of renewable energy sources have led to the introduction of energy storage systems (ESSs) to address these intermittent challenges. Extensive research has been conducted on the efficiency and operational aspects of these systems. In contrast to other renewable energy sources, hydropower offers the advantages of stable output and high utilization, making it a promising solution for overcoming intermittent issues. In this study, we propose the design of an optimized alkaline electrolysis system tailored for small-scale hydropower generation. This approach allowed us to confirm the efficiency of a small-scale hydropower-based hydrogen production facility and the analysis of hydrogen production costs under diverse scenarios. Notably, the optimal selling price per kilogram of hydrogen was determined to be USD 15.6 when the operational time exceeded 20 h, albeit indicating a challenging market supply. Under the consideration of various scenarios and government subsidies, this study revealed that a USD 10/kgH2 subsidy or 24 h of continuous operation achieved break-even points in the sixth and eighth years, respectively. Ultimately, the findings underscore the necessity for essential measures, including government backing and technological advancements in small-scale hydropower facilities, to enhance the economic viability of the green hydrogen market in South Korea.
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Liu, Lei, Lei Yang, Liang Shen, and Hanli Xiao. "Renewable energy power generation and industrial structure adjustment under the goal of carbon neutrality in China." E3S Web of Conferences 561 (2024): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202456101009.
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Renewable energy power position in the future power system is becoming more and more important because of its huge potential capacity and large potential market demand. Under the background of fossil energy supply crisis and the goal of carbon neutrality, renewable energy is the best substitution of fossil energy to achieve the goal of dual-carbon. The cumulative installed capacity of renewable energy power generation accounted for 45.4% of China in 2021. But its power generation only accounted for 28.9% of the whole country. The development and production capacity of hydropower is limited. The market share of renewable electricity is still very low. By listing the above situation and problems of renewable energy power generation industry in China, this study puts forward the following suggestions. To coordinate the energy supply with the environment protection, accelerate the development of renewable energy power generation industry, firstly, we need to build a multiple energy supply system including the renewable energy generation and a certain scale of thermal power for the sake of the energy supply security; secondly, the production capacity of hydropower is restricted by many conditions, while the potential of the other renewable energy reserves is huge. They are also the focus of future development; thirdly, it is necessary to improve the power consumption of renewable energy by building a high-level power transmission network to support long-distance power transmission, and a new type power generation system including supporting facilities in which renewable energy is at the main position, and using technological innovation and intelligence to solve the problems of grid connection and power consumption.
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Wei, Baoyu, Lu Gao, and Hongbao Zhao. "Study on the Seismic Stability of Urban Sewage Treatment and Underground Reservoir of an Abandoned Mine Pumped Storage Power Station." Sustainability 17, no. 12 (2025): 5620. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17125620.
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As coal’s share in primary energy consumption wanes, the annual increase in abandoned coal mines presents escalating safety and environmental concerns. This paper delves into cutting-edge models and attributes of integrating pumped storage hydropower systems with subterranean reservoirs and advanced wastewater treatment facilities within these decommissioned mines. By utilizing the expansive underground voids left by coal extraction, this method aims to achieve multifaceted objectives: efficient energy storage and generation, reclamation of mine water, and treatment of urban sewage. This research enhances the development and deployment of pumped storage technology in the context of abandoned mines, demonstrating its potential for fostering sustainable energy solutions and optimizing urban infrastructure. This study not only facilitates the progressive transformation and modernization of energy cities but also provides crucial insights for future advances in ecological mining practices, energy efficiency, emission mitigation, and green development strategies in the mining industry.
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Kobayashi, Takashi. "Initiatives for utilizing renewable energy in water supply treatment." Water Practice and Technology 11, no. 2 (2016): 365–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2016.045.
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Maintaining a safe and reliable public water supply uses massive amounts of energy, prompting calls for energy saving measures. The Yokohama Water Works Bureau has established the goal of building a water supply system that is environmentally friendly by implementing a variety of initiatives, starting with efforts in renewable energy. These efforts have featured installing solar power and micro hydropower generation facilities at our purification plants and distribution reservoirs. The Yokohama water treatment facilities include purification plants based on gravity systems (Nishiya and Kawai plants) and pumped systems (Kosuzume plant). As the purification plants employing gravity systems place a smaller load on the environment, we use them as effectively as we can. When it was time to refurbish the distribution pumps, we reviewed the pump control system and identified initiatives for reducing pumped system power consumption.
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Sharma, Mukesh, Arka Pramanik, Gourav Dhar Bhowmick, et al. "Premier, Progress and Prospects in Renewable Hydrogen Generation: A Review." Fermentation 9, no. 6 (2023): 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9060537.
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Renewable hydrogen production has an opportunity to reduce carbon emissions in the transportation and industrial sectors. This method generates hydrogen utilizing renewable energy sources, such as the sun, wind, and hydropower, lowering the number of greenhouse gases released into the environment. In recent years, considerable progress has been made in the production of sustainable hydrogen, particularly in the disciplines of electrolysis, biomass gasification, and photoelectrochemical water splitting. This review article figures out the capacity, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness of hydrogen production from renewable sources effectively comparing the conventionally used technologies with the latest techniques, which are getting better day by day with the implementation of the technological advancements. Governments, investors, and industry players are increasingly interested in manufacturing renewable hydrogen, and the global need for clean energy is expanding. It is projected that facilities for manufacturing renewable hydrogen, as well as infrastructure to support this development, would expand, hastening the transition to an environment-friendly and low-carbon economy.
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West, Jacob, and Junshan Liu. "Building Information Modelling Usage in Federal Hydropower Design and Construction Management." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1203, no. 3 (2021): 032027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1203/3/032027.
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Abstract The use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) is widespread within the engineering and construction industry, with huge strides in both usage and technological advances in the past two decades. The benefits of design collaboration, communication, visualization, and risk mitigation are untold. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers foresaw the benefits of BIM and began to write policy for its mandatory use across the enterprise in the early 2000s. As BIM technology evolved, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers has struggled to keep pace with the speed of industry but continue to make improvements to policy and more widespread usage across the enterprise. The MILCON program sees widespread use in the planning and design phases using BIM for visualization, communication, creation of 2D construction drawings, and rough estimating. BIM usage stops short in two major areas of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers work: hydropower rehabilitation and construction management. Professionals from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in design management, hydropower engineering, and construction management all agreed that BIM, utilized and implemented properly, can have a very strong impact in each major field that would improve efficiencies, aid stakeholders in better understanding of complicated design concepts, and realize a more streamlined construction management process for complicated hydropower work. Through literature review and interviews with construction professionals, this research studied how BIM is being used within the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, specifically within hydropower rehabilitation programs, for design and construction management. This research also focused on how private industry has been and is currently using BIM in construction management, and to correlate how processes used in private industry may be used on hydropower generation unit rehabilitation projects at USACE-owned facilities.
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Nakai, Masahiko, Taku Masumoto, and Takashi Asaeda. "Strategic Siting of Hydroelectric Power Plants to Power Railway Operations with Renewable Energy." Sustainability 16, no. 16 (2024): 7086. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16167086.
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The present study explores the strategic siting of hydroelectric power plants, focusing on the Miyanaka Intake Dam (MID) and Shinano River Hydroelectric Power Station (SHP). Built in 1939 to support Tokyo’s railway electrification, these facilities demonstrate the complexities of balancing renewable energy production with ecological conservation. Despite the high costs and energy losses associated with transmitting power from the Sea of Japan side, the SHP has effectively powered Tokyo’s rail system for over 80 years, owing to advanced transmission technologies and the region’s abundant water resources. However, river-crossing structures such as dams disrupt fish migration and habitats, necessitating the implementation of fishways. The MID fishway, continually improved since its construction, emphasizes the importance of integrating ecological considerations into hydropower projects. Our findings highlight the higher power generation efficiency on the Sea of Japan side and stress the need for careful site selection to ensure sustainable hydroelectric power while preserving river ecosystems. In conclusion, hydropower sites should be chosen based on both environmental impacts and future development potential to maintain the ecological balance and support long-term renewable energy goals.
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Fera, Fation T., and Christos Spandonidis. "An Artificial Intelligence and Industrial Internet of Things-Based Framework for Sustainable Hydropower Plant Operations." Smart Cities 7, no. 1 (2024): 496–517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/smartcities7010020.
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Hydropower plays a crucial role in supplying electricity to developed nations and is projected to expand its capacity in various developing countries such as Sub-Saharan Africa, Argentina, Colombia, and Turkey. With the increasing demand for sustainable energy and the emphasis on reducing carbon emissions, the significance of hydropower plants is growing. Nevertheless, numerous challenges arise for these plants due to their aging infrastructure, impacting both their efficiency and structural stability. In order to tackle these issues, the present study has formulated a specialized real-time framework for identifying damage, with a particular focus on detecting corrosion in the conductors of generators within hydropower plants. It should be noted that corrosion processes can be highly complex and nonlinear, making it challenging to develop accurate physics-based models that capture all the nuances. Therefore, the proposed framework leverages autoencoder, an unsupervised, data-driven AI technology with the Mahalanobis distance, to capture the intricacies of corrosion and automate its detection. Rigorous testing shows that it can identify slight variations indicating conductor corrosion with over 80% sensitivity and a 5% false alarm rate for ‘medium’ to ‘high’ severity damage. By detecting and resolving corrosion early, the system reduces disruptions, streamlines maintenance, and mitigates unscheduled repairs’ negative effects on the environment. This enhances energy generation effectiveness, promotes hydroelectric facilities’ long-term viability, and fosters community prosperity.
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Karanina, Elena V., and Maxim A. Bortnikov. "ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY AND RISKS OF USING RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE ERA OF ENERGY TRANSITION." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 1, no. 11 (2021): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2021.11.01.010.
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Many leading world powers are already setting ambitious goals to achieve zero CO2 emis-sions in the electric power industry through the use of renewable energy sources (RES) in the near future. In Russia, this type of generation also received state support, however, more modest, due to the low intercon-nection between Russia and renewable energy sources in terms of the state's energy security. The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of the existing support for renewable energy in the Russian Federation, to assess the feasibility of building these facilities in our country, as well as to provide a scientifically substantiated proposal for alternative ways of developing the industry. The paper analyzes and summarizes the economic aspects of investment and operating activities of wind, solar and small hydropower in Russia. As a result, it was concluded that the pace of development chosen by the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation can be considered correct, but it is necessary to adjust the support program and diversify in terms of the subjectivity of the construction of new generating facilities based on RES.
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Stennikov, V. A., V. O. Golovshchikov, Andrey Penkovskii, and A. B. Osak. "Ranges of Cost-effectiveness of Alternative Energy Carriers for Heating Residential Buildings and Social Facilities." Energy Systems Research 7, no. 4(28) (2024): 91–96. https://doi.org/10.25729/esr.2024.04.0012.
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The energy system of the Irkutsk region has been characterized by excess electricity for many years, since it encompasses several large-scale hydropower and co-generation power plants, and a developed electrical network operating at various voltage levels. In the last three years, the southern part of the region has faced a shortage of electrical power, which has received significant attention and become the subject of discussion and control by federal and regional authorities. The study shows that the shortage of electrical power in the region stems not only from cryptocurrency mining but also from the rapid surge in individual housing construction with electric heating systems. This construction was not coordinated with plans for the development of electrical networks. This paper explores a potential solution to reduce the shortage of electric power by promoting the adoption of natural gas in new individual houses at average Russian prices.
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I.L., Vasileva, and Nemova D.V. "Energy-efficient materials of the new generation in construction." Ekologiya i stroitelstvo 4 (2018): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.35688/2413-8452-2018-04-003.
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The table with a tendency to use primary energy resources (oil, gas, coal, nuclear and hydropower) is presented in the work. This statistics makes wonder about the significance of the energy saving process around the world. The reason for the importance of energy conservation is the exhaustion of energy resources and the difficulty of their extraction. This task should be taken into account in the process of design, construction and operation of facilities. One of the ways is using energy efficient materials. Heat escapes through the enclosing structures, so it is important to provide a heat-insulating layer of high-quality materials. The article discusses such innovative materials as liquid insulation, aerogels and vacuum insulation panels. These materials have many advantages in comparison with classical heaters - a very low coefficient of thermal conductivity, environmental friendliness, lightness. Such materials do not weigh down the structures and save from heat loss. Aerogels are able to withstand cyclic temperature effects. The only disadvantage of innovative materials is their expensive price, but it is a temporary phenomenon, because the number of their manufacturers is gradually expanding. In addition, new insulation materials should recoup the investment in them during operation.
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Chen, Biyun, Yujia Long, Hua Wei, et al. "A Weak-Coupling Flow-Power Forecasting Method for Small Hydropower Station Group." International Journal of Energy Research 2023 (June 20, 2023): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/1214269.
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Due to the need for rural revitalization and renewable energy utilization, a large quantity of small hydropower stations is emerging, with weak-coupling flow-power features. However, a weak spatial coupling exists between the distribution of small hydropower station groups (SHSGs) and gaging stations since the small hydropower stations are usually located in remote areas lacking hydrographic facilities. That may cause weak or no coupling between the hydroregime and the power output of small hydropower plants in the target basin, thus hindering accurate power forecasting. To meet the need for short-term power generation prediction for SHSGs in intensive management areas, we propose a data-driven power-forecasting model which can mine the correlation information of weakly coupled basins while transferring hydrological knowledge to uncoupled basins. First, to make the task data domains before and after migration more similar, a similar watershed matching algorithm based on the nonlinear dimensionality reduction algorithm (Isomap) and the k -means++ algorithm is proposed; then a short-term interpretable runoff prediction model is pretrained, and features are extracted in the source basin using the temporal fusion transformer (TFT) network. After that, a heuristic ensemble fine-tuning model based on the k -fold cross-validation fine-tuning method and heuristic ensemble algorithm is proposed to transfer the public knowledge of the source basin to the uncoupled basin. Then, a TFT network is used to mine the weak-coupling relationship between the hydrological regime and the output power of an SHSG. Finally, the validity of the model is verified with an example from a European region. After considering the weakly coupled flow-power characteristics, the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of three SHSGs’ power prediction by the proposed method is on average 34.8% lower than that of the method without considering the hydrological information.
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Ivanov, Yevhen A., Diana A. Krychevska, Mariia R. Lopushanska, and Olga V. Pylypovych. "The geographical location, current state and forecasting of development of renewable energy facilities within Lviv region." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 31, no. 1 (2022): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/112206.
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 Ukraine, as a member of the European Energy Community, has committed itself to achieve a share of 12 % renewables in its final energy generation by 2025 and a share of at least 25 % by 2035 (including all hydropower and thermal energy capacities). In 2019, the share of renewables in electricity generation in Ukraine was only 4 %. Renewables produce 4 % of total electricity production in Lviv region. According to this indicator, the region is the leader in the Western Ukraine. The paper analyzes the geographical location and the current state of renewable energy facilities in the Lviv region and forecasting their further development. As of July 1, 2020, in Lviv region there are 67 renewable energy facilities with a total capacity of over 310 MW. Most of the renewables supply electricity to the integrated energy system at a “green” tariff. They include two wind power plants with a total capacity of 33.9 MW in Staryy Sambir district; 59 industrial solar power plants with a total capacity of over than 275 MW in 15 administrative districts of Lviv region, Boryslav and Chervonohrad cities; two mini hydropower plants with a total capacity of 0.576 MW in Drohobych and Turka districts; three mini heat and electricity production plants running on biomass and producing electricity and thermal energy (Radekhiv heat and electricity production plant with a capacity of 2.4 MW, other heat and electricity production plants with a total capacity of 3.66 MW); one biomass electricity production plant operating in the Eco-Mit LLC pig farm in the village of Batyatychi in Kamianka-Buzka district. In addition, 985 solar electricity production plants at private households were built in 20 administrative districts and 9 cities in the region. Their total capacity is over 19 MW, which is equivalent to average capacity of one industrial solar electricity production plant. The leader in the number of industrial facilities for renewable energy is Yavoriv district, where almost half of the total renewables’ capacity of Lviv region is concentrated. The largest number of solar electricity production plants of private households is located in Pustomyty and Yavoriv districts, and Lviv city, whereas the lowest number in mountainous areas, particular in Turka and Skole districts. As of January 1, 2020, solar energy constituted 70 % of renewable energy in Lviv region. At the same time, according to the Development Strategy of Lviv region for the period of 2021–2027, the largest share in the structure of electricity production belongs to wind energy. The development of renewable energy in Ukraine depends on the rate of “green” tariff. The actual financial stimulus has led to a rapid increase in the share of renewables in total electricity generation in Ukraine and Lviv region in particular. Promising areas for renewable energy in Lviv region are wind and bioenergy developments.
 
 
 
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Green, Adrien, Jeremy Lawrence, George Siopsis, Nicholas A. Peters, and Ali Passian. "Quantum Key Distribution for Critical Infrastructures: Towards Cyber-Physical Security for Hydropower and Dams." Sensors 23, no. 24 (2023): 9818. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23249818.
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Hydropower facilities are often remotely monitored or controlled from a centralized remote control room. Additionally, major component manufacturers monitor the performance of installed components, increasingly via public communication infrastructures. While these communications enable efficiencies and increased reliability, they also expand the cyber-attack surface. Communications may use the internet to remote control a facility’s control systems, or it may involve sending control commands over a network from a control room to a machine. The content could be encrypted and decrypted using a public key to protect the communicated information. These cryptographic encoding and decoding schemes become vulnerable as more advances are made in computer technologies, such as quantum computing. In contrast, quantum key distribution (QKD) and other quantum cryptographic protocols are not based upon a computational problem, and offer an alternative to symmetric cryptography in some scenarios. Although the underlying mechanism of quantum cryptogrpahic protocols such as QKD ensure that any attempt by an adversary to observe the quantum part of the protocol will result in a detectable signature as an increased error rate, potentially even preventing key generation, it serves as a warning for further investigation. In QKD, when the error rate is low enough and enough photons have been detected, a shared private key can be generated known only to the sender and receiver. We describe how this novel technology and its several modalities could benefit the critical infrastructures of dams or hydropower facilities. The presented discussions may be viewed as a precursor to a quantum cybersecurity roadmap for the identification of relevant threats and mitigation.
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Kafle, Samikchhya, Arabinda Kumar Mishra, Amina Maharjan, and Arnico Kumar Panday. "Moving from Fossil Fuels to Electric Cooking: An Option for Clean Cooking Access in Nepal." Journal of the Institute of Engineering 15, no. 3 (2020): 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v15i3.32174.
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Nepal has abundant hydropower potential and generation capacity under construction that should be able to meet the growing energy need of the country. Although access to electricity in the country is increasing, adoption and access to clean cooking facilities remains insignificant, as about 85% of the population still rely on solid fuels to meet their daily cooking needs. In this regard, energy generated from hydropower can play the dual role of providing access to modern energy as well as providing a clean cooking alternative that is clean and sustainable. Having realized this, the Ministry of Energy, Water Resources and Irrigation has issued a white paper (point 73) for the ‘Electric Stove in Every House’ Programme, which is expected to encourage the use of electric cooking. This gives an opportunity not only to make use of Nepal’s hydropower resources but also to reduce its dependence on imported fossil fuel. Our paper discusses the challenges and opportunities for introducing electricity in the cooking fuel mix in Nepal from the policy perspective. We draw upon the review of lessons learned from other countries including Ecuador, Bhutan and South Africa, to illustrate the potential pathways for the transition of fossil fuel-based products to electricity in Nepal. These countries have used a combination of approaches in including electricity in their cooking fuel mix, such as favourable electricity pricing, import tariff reductions in cooking appliances, and developing national policy and programmes to facilitate the integration of electricity in cooking fuel. These lessons from these countries are used to recommend pathways for moving from fossil fuel-based products to electricity in Nepal’s context.
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Poletaev, I. Yu, and I. S. Androshina. "Measures to ensure the efficient use of energy resources during crisis situations." Bulletin of Russian academy of natural sciences 23, no. 4 (2023): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.52531/1682-1696-2023-23-4-80-83.
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The article shows the example of the economic crisis caused by the pandemic in 2019. how important it is to optimize management decisions and measures to improve energy efficiency. It will be necessary to develop new technologies, economic policies in the energy sector, as well as new approaches to attracting investments in emergency situations, for example, the development of effective technologies (including micro-generation facilities) that regulate energy consumption and sale to end consumers. And also, in the event of such crisis situations, they will ensure the generation of energy near the places of its use (consumption). The issue of maximum use of renewable energy sources most available in a given region (wind, sun, biomass, biogas, geothermal energy, wave or tidal energy, hydropower, etc.) is considered. Energy efficiency must be balanced with flexibility in the use of different types of energy sources. It is in this situation that the urgent need to increase the efficiency of cooperation and unity of action of all sectors of the country’s economy becomes obvious in order to ensure preparedness for crisis situations.
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Bobat, Alaeddin. "Hydroelectric Power Overview in 2021 of Turkey." Energy Environment and Storage 2, no. 3 (2022): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.52924/dfhk5620.
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Hydroelectric power together with other renewables already account for about 50% of electricity demand, and there is much additional potential for growth. Turkey’s electric power demand has been developing steadily, averaging 8-10 % annual growth over the past 20 years. Turkey is rapidly growing in terms of both its economy and its population. In parallel, its demand for energy, particularly for electricity, is increasing fast. Turkey’s hydraulic potential is 55,000 MW, and the share of hydraulic installed power has reached 31.647 MW from 11,175 MW in 2000 as of 31 December 2021. According to the Strategic Plan of the Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources for 2019-2023, while the total installed capacity will be about 32.9% in 2023, but this figure has already been reached. In cooperation with the public-private sector, 743 Hydroelectric Power Plants (public +private) with an installed capacity of 31.647 MW and a power generation potential of 108.932 GWh/year have been completed and put into service. Construction of those made by the public from these facilities is carried out by the DSI (State Hydraulic Works) and their operation is transferred to EUAS (Electricity Generation Corporation), while those made by the private sector, except for the EMRA license, other (water Use agreement, project, construction, water structures acceptance, etc.) operations are performed by DSI. From 743 facilities; 68 plants with an installed power of 13.766 MW with a power generation potential of 49 GWh/year by DSI; 675 plants with an installed power of 17.881 MW and a power generation potential of 60 GWh/year were built by the private sector and put into operation. This study aims to overview the status of hydropower in 2021 data of Turkey.
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Bhattarai, Utsav, Laxmi Prasad Devkota, and Tek Maraseni. "How Effective Is Inter-Basin Transfer to Manage Temporal Variation Of “Too Much” And “Too Little” Water Conditions for Irrigation in a Himalayan Basin?" SCITECH Nepal 17, no. 1 (2023): 31–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/scitech.v17i1.60466.
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Better irrigation facilities leading to “more crop per drop” are today’s needs. This study examines how the overall water balance of Sunkoshi, Marin, and Bagmati Basins will be altered by implementing the Sunkoshi-Marin Diversion Project (SMDP) to fulfill the unmet demands of the Bagmati Irrigation Project (BIP) in the Bagmati Basin via the Marin Basin in Nepal. The specific objectives are to: i) quantify “too much” and “too little” water peculiar to the study basin based on historical data; ii) evaluate water availability, irrigation water requirement, and deficits with and without SMDP; and iii) provide evidence-based recommendations on the effectiveness of the SMDP considering hydropower generation, irrigation and low- and high-flow conditions. Thirty years of historical daily flow data (two gauging stations) and precipitation data (15 stations) were obtained from the Department of Hydrology and Meteorology. Other spatial input data were acquired from relevant authorized sources. Water availability has been estimated using flow at the diversion sites while the irrigation requirements have been calculated based on secondary information. Results show that additional water is not at all required for Marin and Bagmati Basins in the monsoon season. Rather, the diverted water increases the flood hazard. Moreover, the contribution of hydropower from SMDP to the national energy demand is insignificant in the monsoon. However, the SMDP was found to play an important role in meeting the irrigation deficits during the dry season. Its contribution to hydropower production in the lean period is also commendable. However, the proposed irrigation requirement of the BIP cannot be met even after the implementation of the SMDP. More importantly, there is a high probability of the intended diversion flow not being available in the Sunkoshi River (donor) which could have severe consequences downstream. Therefore, additional options for conjunctive use need to be explored.
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Yakubov, Salimjon, Bakhriddin Khasanov, Ashirbek Muratov, Farida Yunusova, Donobuvi Atajanova, and Alibek Choriev. "Sources of alternative types of energy in system of hydro-engineering structures of angrenskaya mine of brown coal." E3S Web of Conferences 401 (2023): 02014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340102014.
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Along with the development of traditional energy in Uzbekistan, much attention is paid to alternative and renewable energy. The Angren Special Economic Zone, on the one hand, is a catalyst for the development of industrial production, the creation of new innovative technological enterprises, the strengthening of logistics processes, and the improvement of the city's living standards. All this requires the search for new sources of energy resources along with an increase in coal production. Unique hydraulic structures currently serve to ensure the functioning of the Angrenskaya coal mine. Analysis of individual technological hydrotechnical facilities made it possible to determine the availability of alternative energy sources. The paper provides some considerations on using these sources for energy generation using small hydropower plants. The average calculated indicators and energy potentials of alternative energy sources are presented. Some hydraulic turbines are considered within the framework of the hydraulic engineering systems.
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Operacz, Agnieszka, Agnieszka Zachora-Buławska, Izabela Strzelecka, et al. "The Standard Geothermal Plant as an Innovative Combined Renewable Energy Resources System: The Case from South Poland." Energies 15, no. 17 (2022): 6398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15176398.
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Geothermal energy, as one of the more well-known renewable energy sources (RES), is used in many operating installations around the world. Depending on the temperature of the geothermal waters in question, the choices range from installations for generating electricity (high-temperature geothermal energy), to the production of thermal energy for use in recreational complexes, to fish farming (low-temperature geothermal energy). Lindal’s diagram determines the possibilities of using warm groundwater for many investment projects. In light of the drive to avoid climate change, it seems that the conventional “one-way” use of geothermal water resources is insufficient. Therefore, this article presents an optimal innovative solution wherein geothermal water is fully utilized in a geothermal cogeneration installation to produce heat and electricity and to provide cooling. In addition, it was proposed to expand the investment with photovoltaic and hydropower plants to ensure greater energy independence by diversifying energy sources and increasing the share of energy supplies based on renewable energy sources. Such a broad approach allows for the implementation of a sustainable development strategy in the field of environmental protection. The proposed solution involves the modernization and expansion of the existing energy generation sources by a heating plant and a geothermal power plant in Chochołowskie Termy (South Poland), as well as the construction of a power plant based on a photovoltaic installation, hydropower setup, and energy storage. The presented innovative solution may be an excellent example of implementation for similar geothermal facilities in the world. The novelty of the system is the approach of assessing and combining the different RES in one project, based on a geothermal plant. Popularizing this solution in the wider scientific environment may have a real impact in terms of the reduction of pollutant emissions.
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Urrestizala de Andrés, María, NATALIA ALEGRIA GUTIERREZ, IGOR PEÑALVA BENGOA, CHARLES PINTO CAMARA, and FERNANDO LEGARDA IBAÑEZ. "REVIEW OF THE DESIGNS OF THE MAIN TECHNOLOGIES FOR MICRO-HYDROELECTRIC GENERATION." DYNA DYNA-ACELERADO (June 17, 2022): 7 pp. http://dx.doi.org/10.6036/10588.
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Mini-hydro, one of the main renewable alternatives of the current energy system, has decreased its production percentage in recent years due to different environmental considerations. However, this technology can be applied to microgeneration ranges, avoiding several of these drawbacks and taking advantage of sites where several kilowatts of hydraulic power are currently wasted, or where it is simply not feasible to keep them connected to the power grid. The problem lies in the greater difficulty in achieving a balance between the energy generated and the costs involved in these facilities, due to their low efficiency when traditional machines work far from the operating points for which they were designed and, therefore, to their lower production. In the present study, a bibliographic review has been carried out, gathering some modifications made to large traditional turbines to adapt their operation and efficiencies to lower flow rate and head ranges, having achieved values higher than 80 % only with geometric variations and/or by modifying the number of blades, among others. Furthermore, the analysis of several technologies developed expressly for these operating points has also been included, which will therefore work at their optimum points when working in microgeneration. It can be seen that in both cases the studies are still very varied and do not have a common pattern, so there is still a long way off in terms of research that will help to channel this technology. Key words: microturbines, hydropower, efficiency, new technologies, renewable energy.
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Ribeiro, C. A. A. S., D. J. Mounts, S. Jr C. Menezes, et al. "AN EQUITABLE APPROACH FOR COMPENSATING MUNICIPALITIES OF THE RIO GRANDE WATERSHED FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATED BY THE FURNAS HYDROPOWER PLANT, BRAZIL." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-7/W3 (April 30, 2015): 913–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-7-w3-913-2015.
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In Brazil, ninety percent of total electric power comes from renewable sources, where hydropower represents 2/3 of the national energy matrix. In 2012, the new Federal Forest Code eliminated environmental protection along drainage divides and reduced the mandatory width of riparian zones, allowing for land cover change in these environmentally sensitive areas. The conversion of forestlands to agriculture will subject hydroelectric reservoirs to a growing load of sediments, shortening their useful life. In this study of the Furnas hydropower plant and its contributing basin, in the upper reaches of the Rio Grande, a re-evaluation of factors that determine the distribution of finances accrued from hydroelectric generation is recommended. Under the current policy, royalties are paid by the Furnas facility to states and municipalities in direct relation to the area of land flooded by its reservoir, whereas contributing rainfall precipitating in municipalities upstream of the lake is not considered. Currently, the 31 municipalities with lands flooded by the reservoir receive an average of R$ 213,107 (US$ 67,226) annually, while the remaining 172 municipalities in the basin receive no water royalties. In the proposed approach to redistribute these funds, each of the 203 municipalities will receive compensation determined by their contributing catchment area, averaging R$32,543 (US$ 10,266) per year. By considering distribution of rainfall in order to equitably allocate hydroelectric royalties, a system for the payment of environmental services is conceived. Such a system intends to incent stakeholders to protect or replant native forests along drainage divides and riparian zones, in recognition of the value this vegetation has in the reduction of long term costs for hydroelectric facilities.
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Cacciuttolo, Carlos, Ximena Guardia, and Eunice Villicaña. "Implementation of Renewable Energy from Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Facilities in Peru: A Promising Sustainable Future." Sustainability 16, no. 11 (2024): 4388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16114388.
Full textAbstract:
In the last two decades, Peru has experienced a process of transformation in the sources of its energy matrix, increasing the participation of clean energy such as solar photovoltaic (PV), on-shore wind, biomass, and small hydro. However, hydropower and natural gas remain the main sources of electricity, whereas off-shore wind, biogas, waves, tidal, and geothermal sources are currently underdeveloped. This article presents the enormous potential of Peru for the generation of electrical energy from a solar source equivalent to 25 GW, as it has in one of the areas of the world with the highest solar radiation throughout the year. In addition, this article presents the main advantages, benefits, and considerations of the implementation of solar photovoltaic technology, with emphasis on (i) the potential of solar energy, showing the available potential and an installed capacity by the year 2024 equivalent to 398 MW, (ii) current solar energy sources, characterizing existing industrial solar photovoltaic (PV) energy plants, and (iii) future solar energy facilities projections, stating the portfolio of solar renewable energy plant projects to be implemented in the future considering an installed capacity of 7.2 GW by 2028. Additionally, lessons learned, challenges, and directions for the future development of solar energy in the country are presented. Finally, the article concludes that if Peru takes advantage of solar potential by considering a sustainable future perspective and implementing strategic land-use planning, the southern region will be transformed into a world-class territory for renewable energy development considering the hybridization of concentrated solar power (CSP) systems with solar photovoltaic (PV) systems and solar energy storage systems.
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Kazakis, Nerantzis, Diamantis Karakatsanis, Maria Margarita Ntona, et al. "Groundwater Depletion. Are Environmentally Friendly Energy Recharge Dams a Solution?" Water 16, no. 11 (2024): 1541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16111541.
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Groundwater is a primary source of drinking water; however, groundwater depletion constitutes a common phenomenon worldwide. The present research aims to quantify groundwater depletion in three aquifers in Greece, including the porous aquifers in the Eastern Thermaikos Gulf, Mouriki, and the Marathonas basin. The hypothesis is to reverse the phenomenon by adopting an environmentally acceptable methodology. The core of the suggested methodology was the simulation of groundwater using MODFLOW-NWT and the application of managed aquifer recharge (MAR) by using water from small dams after the generation of hydropower. Surface run-off and groundwater recharge values were obtained from the ArcSWAT simulation. The predicted future climatic data were obtained from the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX), considering the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and the climate model REMO2009. Groundwater flow simulations from 2010 to 2020 determined the existing status of the aquifers. The simulation was extended to the year 2030 to forecast the groundwater regime. In all three sites, groundwater depletion occurred in 2020, while the phenomenon will be exacerbated in 2030, as depicted in the GIS maps. During 2020, the depletion zones extended 11%, 28%, and 23% of the aquifers in Mouriki, the Eastern Thermaikos Gulf, and the Marathonas basin, respectively. During 2030, the depletion zones will increase to 50%, 42%, and 44% of the aquifers in Mouriki, the Eastern Thermaikos Gulf, and the Marathonas basin, respectively. The simulation was extended to 2040 by applying MAR with the water from the existing dams as well as from additional dams. In all sites, the application of MAR contributed to the reversal of groundwater depletion, with a significant amount of hydropower generated. Until 2040, the application of MAR will reduce the depletion zones to 0.5%, 9%, and 12% of the aquifers in Mouriki, the Eastern Thermaikos Gulf, and the Marathonas basin, respectively. Apart from over-pumping, climatic factors such as long periods of drought have exacerbated groundwater depletion. The transformation of dams to mini-scale hydropower facilities combined with MAR will benefit clean energy production, save CO2 emissions, and lead to an economically feasible strategy against groundwater depletion.
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Lian, Jijian, Peiyao Li, Ye Yao, Wei He, and Nan Shao. "Experimental and Numerical Study on the Effect of the Temperature-Control Curtain in Thermal Stratified Reservoirs." Applied Sciences 9, no. 24 (2019): 5354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9245354.
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The impoundment and power generation of dams cause the temperature of released water much lower than the original rivers in the thermal stratified reservoirs. In addition, the released low-temperature water would damage the downstream habitats of fish and other biological groups seriously. Available facilities, such as stop log gate intakes and multi-level intakes, are built to alleviate the problem. For overcoming the limitations of traditional facilities on construction conditions and the improved effect of water temperature, a new facility of the temperature control curtain (TCC), with the advantages of convenient regulation and no hydropower loss, has been proposed recently. However, to the author’s knowledge, the theory of TCC is not abundant, with incomplete experimental tests and few numerical simulations. In this paper, a rectangular tank is designed specifically to conduct experimental tests to verify the effects of TCC and explore its potential impacts on released water temperature (RWT) under four major influencing factors. The study results show that TCC has significant effects on improving RWT, with a maximum increase of 8.3 °C. In addition, a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model with the same size of experimental model is established for further research. The results show that RWT is mainly related to the temperature distribution of a reservoir and the water-retaining proportion of the curtain. Finally, a basic principle for TCC construction is proposed and all these laid an important theory foundation for its application in engineering practice.
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Franchuk, Yurii, and Viktoriia Konovaliuk. "Use of gas generation to balance the electricity supply system." Ventilation, Illumination and Heat Gas Supply 50 (March 7, 2025): 55–63. https://doi.org/10.32347/2409-2606.2024.50.55-63.
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In a situation where Russia has destroyed a significant part of Ukraine's electricity infrastructure, and a significant part of nuclear, renewable and hydropower is either damaged or still not controlled in the occupied territories, the best option for balancing the system is to use the available gas generation capacities. At gas-fired power plants, it is possible to quickly increase and decrease the power of generating electricity. Also, the advantages are: the ability to quickly create additional generation facilities; maneuverability and independence from weather conditions; availability of gas resources and regulation of generated power over a wide range. This ensures more stable operation and a smaller carbon footprint than when using other energy sources (coal, fuel oil, etc.). In conditions of increasing the capacity of gas power plants and the emergence of a surplus of electrical energy, it can be used to produce hydrogen. It is recommended to use gas from secondary and renewable sources. Along with the 20 billion cubic meters of gas produced from Ukrainian fields, there is a significant potential for biogas from secondary and renewable sources. It is estimated at 21.8 billion cubic meters. Gas consumption after 2022 is less than 20 billion cubic meters. The use of a mixture of biomethane with methane from a gas field has significant potential. Such a mixture can be used to feed the gas transmission network or be burned to generate electricity. The reserve of gas fuel is formed as a result of reducing the loads of industrial consumers. Also, as a result of the installation of more efficient equipment, new production technologies in certain sections of the network, the possibility of redirecting unused gas to generate electricity is created. The rosoconcentration of the generators of electrical energy generation and their maneuverability in the minds of a during a state of war camp promote the reliability of providing electrical energy to residents. This is due to the reduced likelihood of destruction of generation sources. In the long term, the replacement of old coal-fired power plants with efficient cogeneration gas plants, which would guarantee a backup supply of electricity, is urgent.
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Beltaos, Spyros. "Celerity of Ice Breakup Front in the Regulated Peace River, Canada, and Implications for the Recharge of the Peace–Athabasca Delta." Environments 11, no. 2 (2024): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments11020028.
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Timely release of flow from upstream hydropower generation facilities on the Peace River can enhance potential ice-jam flooding near the drying Peace–Athabasca Delta (PAD), a Ramsar wetland of international importance and homeland to Indigenous Peoples. An important consideration in deciding whether and when to commence a release is the celerity of the breakup front as it advances along the Peace River. Relevant historical data for a key stretch of the river are analyzed to determine average celerities, which can vary by an order of magnitude from year to year. Seven breakup events are identified that might have been candidates for a release, and the predictability of associated celerities is explored in terms of antecedent hydroclimatic variables, including cumulative winter snowfall, snow water equivalent on 1 April, ice cover thickness, coldness of the winter, and freezeup level. It is shown that celerity can be predicted to within a factor of two or less, with the freezeup level giving the best results. Three of the seven “promising” events culminated in PAD floods and were associated with the three highest celerities. The empirical findings are shown to generally align with physical understanding of breakup driving and resisting factors.